v3.26.3
Long-Duration Insurance Contracts Relating to Life Insurance Operations
6 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2026
Insurance [Abstract]  
Long-Duration Insurance Contracts Relating to Life Insurance Operations
18.
Long-Duration Insurance Contracts Relating to Life Insurance Operations
The following tables present balances of and changes in the liability for future policy benefits as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 and for the six months ended September 30, 2026.
 
    Millions of yen  
    March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Present value of expected net premiums
  Yen-denominated
insurance

(First Sector)
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(Third Sector)
    Foreign
currency
denominated
insurance
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(First Sector)
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(Third Sector)
    Foreign
currency
denominated
insurance
 
Beginning balance
  ¥ 855,431     ¥ 1,162,214     ¥ 345,932     ¥ 803,396     ¥ 999,049     ¥ 323,615  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Beginning balance at original discount rate
    877,300       1,216,705       368,846       865,378       1,134,618       339,085  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions
    (19,239 )      (18,434 )      (17,187 )      0       0       0  
Effect of actual variances from expected experience
    871       4,687       (1,017 )      3,993       9,758       (6,024 ) 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Adjusted beginning balance
    858,932       1,202,958       350,642       869,371       1,144,376       333,061  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Issuances
    127,215       24,195       29,171       58,486       8,337       12,301  
Interests
    11,351       16,684       11,058       5,958       8,131       5,308  
Net premium earned
    (127,464 )      (113,506 )      (63,084 )      (59,384 )      (55,574 )      (36,139 ) 
Actual variances from cash flow assumptions
    (936 )      (665 )      (589 )      0       0       0  
Derecognition
    (3,720 )      4,952       (10,539 )      0       0       0  
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate
    0       0       22,426       0       0       (5,217 ) 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance at original discount rate
    865,378       1,134,618       339,085       874,431       1,105,270       309,314  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Effect of changes in discount rates
    (61,982 )      (135,569 )      (15,470 )      (78,316 )      (165,515 )      (21,950 ) 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
  ¥     803,396     ¥   999,049     ¥     323,615     ¥   796,115     ¥   939,755     ¥  287,364  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
* Previously, the system used to calculate future policy benefit liabilities had certain limitations in reflecting actual cash flows. As a result of enhancements to the system’s functionality, actual variances from cash flow assumptions that arose in the previous fiscal year are now recognized as adjustments to beginning balances, and derecognition no longer occurs. This change did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
   
Millions of yen
 
   
March 31, 2026
   
September 30, 2026
 
Present value of expected future policy benefits
 
Yen-denominated

insurance

(First Sector)
   
Yen-denominated

insurance

(Third Sector)
   
Foreign
currency
denominated
insurance
   
Yen-denominated

insurance

(First Sector)
   
Yen-denominated

insurance

(Third Sector)
   
Foreign
currency
denominated
insurance
 
Beginning balance
  ¥ 1,511,436     ¥ 1,659,960     ¥ 442,939     ¥ 1,370,583     ¥ 1,344,482     ¥ 495,324  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Beginning balance at original discount rate
    1,750,912       1,878,075       650,005       1,819,619       1,872,456       696,679  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions
    (20,056 )      5,429       (20,141 )      0       0       0  
Effect of actual variances from expected experience
    0       0       0       4,330       11,819       (6,416 ) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted beginning balance
    1,730,856       1,883,504       629,864       1,823,949       1,884,275       690,263  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Issuances
    127,215       24,195       29,171       58,486       8,337       12,301  
Interests
    26,152       28,183       19,736       13,810       14,322       10,629  
Insurance claims paid
    (61,802 )      (77,181 )      (14,131 )      (33,598 )      (39,273 )      (9,101 ) 
Actual variances from cash flow assumptions
    (9,699 )      (2,030 )      6,037       0       0       0  
Derecognition
    6,897       15,785       (19,310 )      0       0       0  
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate
    0       0       45,312       0       0       (11,185 ) 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance at original discount rate
    1,819,619       1,872,456       696,679       1,862,647       1,867,661       692,907  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Effect of changes in discount rates
    (449,036 )      (527,974 )      (201,355 )      (512,198 )      (598,289 )      (233,717 ) 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
  ¥ 1,370,583     ¥ 1,344,482     ¥ 495,324     ¥ 1,350,449     ¥ 1,269,372     ¥ 459,190  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net liability for future policy benefits
  ¥ 567,187     ¥ 345,433     ¥ 171,709     ¥ 554,334     ¥ 329,617     ¥ 171,826  
Deferred profit liabilities
    74,053       66,559       52,683       82,474       67,396       59,865  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Subtotal
    641,240       411,992       224,392       636,808       397,013       231,691  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Less: Reinsurance recoverable
    162       0       0       82       0       0  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
The liability for future policy benefits, after reinsurance recoverable
  ¥ 641,078     ¥ 411,992     ¥ 224,392     ¥ 636,726     ¥ 397,013     ¥ 231,691  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
* Previously, the system used to calculate future policy benefit liabilities had certain limitations in reflecting actual cash flows. As a result of enhancements to the system’s functionality, actual variances from cash flow assumptions that arose in the previous fiscal year are now recognized as adjustments to beginning balances, and derecognition no longer occurs. This change did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
The following tables provide the breakdown of the policy liabilities and policy account balances recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2026:
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026      September 30, 2026  
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
   ¥ 641,078      ¥ 636,726  
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
     411,992        397,013  
Foreign currency denominated insurance
     224,392        231,691  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Subtotal
     1,277,462        1,265,430  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Policy account balances for single-payment whole life insurance
     304,541        337,149  
Fixed annuities and annuitization benefits
     101,782        92,384  
Policy account balances for variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts and market risk benefits
     138,027        145,670  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Others*
     121,898        113,223  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   ¥   1,943,710      ¥   1,953,856  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
*
Others include unearned premiums and liabilities for unpaid claims.
 
The amount of undiscounted and discounted expected future gross premiums and expected future policy benefits and expenses as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2026 are as follows:
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026      September 30, 2026  
     Undiscounted      Discounted      Undiscounted      Discounted  
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
           
Expected future gross premiums
   ¥ 1,567,367      ¥ 1,297,608      ¥ 1,606,031      ¥ 1,296,237  
Expected future policy benefits and expenses
     2,621,312        1,370,583        2,741,666        1,350,449  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
           
Expected future gross premiums
     2,293,632        1,713,873        2,234,406        1,607,992  
Expected future policy benefits and expenses
     2,637,437        1,344,482        2,632,828        1,269,372  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Foreign currency denominated insurance
           
Expected future gross premiums
     583,537        478,421        540,604        431,026  
Expected future policy benefits and expenses
     1,340,021        495,324        1,330,038        459,190  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 and the six months ended September 30, 2026, the effects of net premium exceeding gross premiums in certain cohorts are immaterial in earnings for the respective periods.
The amounts of gross premiums and interest expense recognized in the consolidated statement of income for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2026 are as follows:
 
     Millions of yen  
     Six months ended
September 30, 2025
     Six months ended
September 30, 2026
 
     Gross premiums      Interest expense      Gross premiums      Interest expense  
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
   ¥ 89,337      ¥ 7,289      ¥ 96,709      ¥ 7,852  
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
     96,721        5,543        93,340        6,191  
Foreign currency denominated insurance
     47,078        3,992        52,644        5,321  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   ¥ 233,136      ¥ 16,824      ¥ 242,693      ¥ 19,364  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
The weighted average discount rates for the liability for future policy benefits as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2026 are as follows:
 
     Weighted average rate  
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
    
Weighted average of the original discount rates
     1.9 %      2.1 % 
Weighted average of the current discount rates
     4.0       4.4  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
    
Weighted average of the original discount rates
     1.7       1.8  
Weighted average of the current discount rates
     4.2       4.6  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Foreign currency denominated insurance
    
Weighted average of the original discount rates
     3.4       3.5  
Weighted average of the current discount rates
       6.0         6.6  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
The weighted average duration of the liability for future policy benefit as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2026 are as follows:
 
     Years  
     March 31, 2026      September 30, 2026  
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
     30.6        30.3  
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
     34.2        33.4  
Foreign currency denominated insurance
      29.5         28.2  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
Assumptions for calculating the liability for future policy benefits include assumptions related to mortality, morbidity, lapse rates and discount rates. The Company and its subsidiaries recognized actual variances from expected experience and updated the assumptions during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 as follows. For the six months ended September 30, 2026, the Company and its subsidiaries continued to use the same assumptions.
 
  •  
Yen-denominated
insurance (First Sector)
During fiscal 2026 the Company and its subsidiaries updated expected mortality and lapse rates due to the lower-than-expected mortality and the higher-than-expected lapse rates.
 
  •  
Yen-denominated
insurance (Third Sector)
During fiscal 2026 the Company and its subsidiaries updated expected mortality and lapse rates due to the higher-than-expected mortality and higher-than-expected lapse rates. In addition, the relevant morbidity assumptions were updated because the actual morbidity excluding deemed hospitalization remained lower-than-expected even after reclassification of the legal category of
COVID-19
by the Japanese government.
 
  •  
Foreign currency denominated insurance
During fiscal 2026 the Company and its subsidiaries used mortality assumptions generally consistent with those of fiscal 2025, reflecting that actual mortality was broadly in line with expectations. In addition, lapse rates were updated due to higher-than-expected lapse rates, although the impact of rapid exchange rate fluctuations had subsided.
The market data underlying the discount rate was updated quarterly for both the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 and for the six months ended September 30, 2026.
For the effect of the changes in assumptions on expected net premiums and expected future policy benefits, see “Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions” and “Effect of changes in discount rates” in the tables that represent balances of and changes in the liability for future policy benefits.
The following tables present balances of and changes in the deferred policy acquisition costs as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 and for the six months ended September 30, 2026:
 
    Millions of yen  
    March 31, 2026  
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(First Sector)
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(Third Sector)
    Foreign
currency
denominated
insurance
    Single-
payment
whole life
insurance
    Total  
Beginning balance
  ¥ 89,361     ¥ 168,689     ¥ 57,151     ¥ 639     ¥ 315,840  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Capitalization
    17,649       7,784       6,504       7,332       39,269  
Amortization
    (7,120 )      (10,006 )      (3,018 )      (548 )      (20,692 ) 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate
    0       0       4,278       917       5,195  
Others*
    0       0       0       (6,720 )      (6,720 ) 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
  ¥ 99,890     ¥ 166,467     ¥ 64,915     ¥ 1,620     ¥ 332,892  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
    Millions of yen  
    September 30, 2026  
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(First Sector)
    Yen-denominated
insurance

(Third Sector)
    Foreign
currency
denominated
insurance
    Single-
payment
whole life
insurance
    Total  
Beginning balance
  ¥ 99,890     ¥ 166,467     ¥ 64,915     ¥ 1,620     ¥ 332,892  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Capitalization
    9,514       3,547       3,057       2,125       18,243  
Amortization
    (3,921 )      (4,963 )      (1,754 )      (393 )      (11,031 ) 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate
    0       0       (1,021 )      (232 )      (1,253 ) 
Others*
    0       0       0       (1,231 )     (1,231 )
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
  ¥ 105,483     ¥ 165,051     ¥ 65,197     ¥ 1,889     ¥ 337,620  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
*
Others include adjustments of reinsurance.
Deferred policy acquisition costs are amortized over the expected term of the policies on a constant-level basis. The assumptions used for the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs include estimates of mortality and lapse rates. These assumptions are consistent with the assumptions used to estimate the liability for future policy benefits and are updated at the same time. In addition, deferred policy acquisition costs are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
 
The following table presents policy account balances for single-payment whole life insurance and fixed annuity and annuitization benefits by range of minimum guaranteed interest rates as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2026.
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026  
            Above minimum guarantees  
Range of minimum guaranteed interest rates
   Minimum guarantees      50-150bp      150bp or more  
0.00% - less than 1.50%
   ¥ 94,313      ¥ 17,947      ¥ 286,594  
1.50% or more
     7,469        0        0  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   ¥ 101,782      ¥ 17,947      ¥ 286,594  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     Millions of yen  
     September 30, 2026  
            Above minimum guarantees  
Range of minimum guaranteed interest rates
   Minimum guarantees      50-150bp      150bp or more  
0.00% - less than 1.50%
   ¥ 84,844      ¥ 17,837      ¥ 319,312  
1.50% or more
     7,540        0        0  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   ¥ 92,384      ¥ 17,837      ¥ 319,312  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
The following table provides information about single-payment whole life insurance for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 and for the six months ended September 30, 2026.
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Beginning balance
   ¥ 134,572     ¥ 304,541  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
New contract
     148,468       41,807  
Surrenders and partial surrenders
     (6,555 )      (10,304 ) 
Benefit payments and lump sum payments, etc.
     (950 )      (675 ) 
Policy charges
     (2,107 )      (1,473 ) 
Interests
     11,793       8,120  
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate
     19,320       (4,867 ) 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
   ¥ 304,541     ¥ 337,149  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Weighted average guaranteed interest rate (%)
     5.5       5.1  
Benefits in excess of policy account balances (Millions of yen)
   ¥ 0     ¥ 0  
Cash surrender value (Millions of yen)
     292,731       305,965  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
The following table provides information about fixed annuity and annuitization benefits for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 and for the six months ended September 30, 2026.
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Beginning balance
   ¥ 119,093     ¥ 101,782  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Transfer in
     9,865       2,758  
Surrenders and partial surrenders
     (112 )      (19 ) 
Benefit payments and lump sum payments, etc.
     (27,213 )      (12,308 ) 
Policy charges
     (203 )      (98 ) 
Transfer out
     (393 )      (65 ) 
Interests
     786       354  
Others
     (41 )      (20 ) 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
   ¥ 101,782     ¥ 92,384  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Weighted average guaranteed interest rate (%)
     0.7       0.7  
Benefits in excess of policy account balances (Millions of yen)
   ¥ 0     ¥ 0  
Cash surrender value (Millions of yen)
     96,433       87,213  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
The following table provides information about policy account balances for variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts and market risk benefits as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, and for the six months ended September 30, 2026:
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Beginning balance
   ¥ 136,257     ¥ 138,027  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Effect of changes other than through net income and other comprehensive income
     (23,553 )      (10,702 ) 
Surrenders and withdrawals
     (4,881 )      (2,443 ) 
Transfer in
     (7,833 )      (1,776 ) 
Benefit payments
     (10,748 )      (6,462 ) 
Others
     (91 )      (21 ) 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Changes through net income
     25,594       18,387  
Effect of changes in fair value of corresponding investment assets
     33,288       21,690  
Fee income
     (3,397 )      (1,825 ) 
Effect of changes in fair value of market risk benefits
     (4,297 )      (1,478 ) 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Changes through other comprehensive income
     (271 )      (42 ) 
Effect of changes in the instrument-specific credit risk
     (271 )      (42 ) 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending balance
   ¥ 138,027     ¥ 145,670  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
     Millions of yen  
     March 31, 2026     September 30, 2026  
Policy account balances
   ¥ 143,000     ¥ 152,164  
Market risk benefits
     (4,973 )      (6,494 )
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
   ¥ 138,027     ¥ 145,670