The carrying amounts of each of the categories of financial instruments as at the end of the reporting period are as follows:

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

The Group’s financial instruments include non-current financial asset, accounts receivables, deposits, pledged bank deposits, cash and cash equivalents, accounts and other payable, warrant liabilities and lease liabilities.

Details of these financial instruments are disclosed in the respective notes. The risks associated with these financial instruments include market risks (currency risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The policies on how to mitigate these risks are set out below. The management manages and monitors these exposures to ensure appropriate measures are implemented on a timely and effective manner.

Foreign currency risk

The Group operates across Asia and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from foreign currency transactions. The Group’s operating units may have financial instruments denominated in currencies other than their respective functional currencies. They are therefore exposed to foreign currency risk, as the value of the financial instruments denominated in other currencies will fluctuate due to changes in exchange rates. The Group does not hedge foreign currency exposures.

The Group’s senior management monitors and manages the Group’s foreign currency risk exposure position on an ongoing basis, and considers hedging significant foreign currency exposure should the need arise.

Sensitivity analysis

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity at the end of the reporting period to a 3% change in the Singapore dollar (“SGD”), Taiwan dollar (“TWD”), Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), Philippines Peso (“PHP”), Thailand baht (“THB”) and Indonesian Rupiah (“IDR”) exchange rates, with all other variables held constant, of the Group’s loss before tax. These rates are the sensitivity rates used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates. The sensitivity analysis includes only outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary items (including intragroup balances) and adjusts their translation at the year end for a change in foreign currency rates. As HK$ is pegged to US$, the directors of the Company anticipate that there will be no significant movements in the US$/HK$ exchange rates and the exposure on US$ will not be material.

Credit risk

The Group trades mainly with recognized and creditworthy third parties. Customers who wish to trade on credit terms are normally subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, receivable balances are monitored on an ongoing basis.

Maximum exposure and year-end staging

The tables below show the credit quality and the maximum exposure to credit risk based on the Group’s credit policy, which is mainly based on past due information unless other information is available without undue cost or effort, and year-end staging classification as at December 31. The amounts presented are gross carrying amounts for financial assets.

Liquidity risk

In the management of the liquidity risk, the Group monitors and maintains a level of cash and cash equivalents as well as undrawn banking facilities deemed adequate by the directors of the Company to finance the Group’s operations and mitigate the effects of fluctuations in cash flows.  

The following table details the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its financial liabilities. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cashflows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Group can be required to pay. The table includes both interest and principal cash flows.