During the year ended December 31, 2025, a written off of intangible assets with net book value of US$1,193,246 was recognized as certain development projects were abandoned as a result of changes in the Company’s technology development investment strategy.

As at December 31, 2024, due to the uncertainty in the global economic outlook and the net assets of the Company being more than its market capitalization, the Group performed an impairment test for the cash generating unit (“CGU”) containing the intangible assets. The recoverable amount of the CGU that included the intangible assets was determined based on a value in use calculation using cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by senior management covering a three-year period. The discount rate applied in the cash flow projections was 18%.

Based on the impairment test, the carrying amount of the intangible assets was impaired by US$4,541,074 and no impairment loss was allocated to the property and equipment and right-of-use assets included in the CGU as the recoverable amounts of these assets were higher than their carrying amounts. The impairment loss recognized was included in “General, administrative and other operating expenses” in the consolidated statement of profit or loss.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, an impairment loss of US$3,105,507 was recognized as certain development projects were abandoned as a result of changes in the Company’s technology development investment strategy.