| Property, plant and equipment |
Property, plant and equipment Changes in property, plant and equipment: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Balance at January 1, 2026 | | Additions net of transfers (1) | | Disposals | | | | Depreciation expense | | Exchange rate variation | | Balance at September 30, 2026 | | Buildings | 4,496,924 | | | 467,844 | | | (37,952) | | | | | (233,321) | | | 124,276 | | | 4,817,771 | | | Land | 1,168,187 | | | 28,253 | | | (16,535) | | | | | — | | | 41,867 | | | 1,221,772 | | | Machinery and equipment | 4,446,022 | | | 893,045 | | | (33,017) | | | | | (549,288) | | | 105,416 | | | 4,862,178 | | | Facilities | 867,977 | | | 93,468 | | | (1,217) | | | | | (52,682) | | | 53,482 | | | 961,028 | | | Computer equipment | 194,719 | | | 45,540 | | | (423) | | | | | (50,641) | | | 2,117 | | | 191,312 | | | Vehicles (land and air) | 371,819 | | | 49,137 | | | (10,893) | | | | | (44,478) | | | 16,349 | | | 381,934 | | | Construction in progress | 1,697,271 | | | 51,968 | | | (11,064) | | | | | — | | | 32,168 | | | 1,770,343 | | | Other | 402,739 | | | 46,865 | | | (2,386) | | | | | (45,547) | | | 5,824 | | | 407,495 | | | 13,645,658 | | | 1,676,120 | | | (113,487) | | | | | (975,957) | | | 381,499 | | | 14,613,833 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Balance at January 1, 2025 | | | | Additions net of transfers (1) | | Disposals | | Depreciation expense | | Exchange rate variation | | Balance at September 30, 2025 | | Buildings | 3,991,581 | | | | | 404,688 | | | (207) | | | (189,956) | | | 294,657 | | | 4,500,763 | | | Land | 1,060,288 | | | | | 15,674 | | | (5,677) | | | — | | | 108,956 | | | 1,179,241 | | | Machinery and equipment | 4,038,196 | | | | | 594,619 | | | (5,420) | | | (488,467) | | | 262,560 | | | 4,401,488 | | | Facilities | 682,348 | | | | | 110,843 | | | (1,763) | | | (40,553) | | | 115,397 | | | 866,272 | | | Computer equipment | 187,164 | | | | | 44,398 | | | (1,794) | | | (46,964) | | | 8,466 | | | 191,270 | | | Vehicles (land and air) | 275,582 | | | | | 91,350 | | | (13,757) | | | (37,932) | | | 28,295 | | | 343,538 | | | Construction in progress | 1,238,785 | | | | | 77,596 | | | (3,259) | | | — | | | 104,972 | | | 1,418,094 | | | Other | 306,936 | | | | | 86,285 | | | (12,874) | | | (37,590) | | | 20,443 | | | 363,200 | | | 11,780,880 | | | | | 1,425,453 | | | (44,751) | | | (841,462) | | | 943,746 | | | 13,263,866 | |
(1)Additions for each category include transfer from construction in progress during the period. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2026, the amount of capitalized interest added to construction in progress and included in additions was US$36,355 (US$25,509 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025). The capitalization rate used on September 30, 2026 was 6.42% p.y. (5.15% p.y. for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025).
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