<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:01a135e7-51b3-7b46-b4f9-ab74121ec8e4,g:83d1c903-f259-458e-ad96-9ba3ed1fb688-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.busey.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="buse-20261106.xsd#Cover"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.busey.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a135e7-51b3-7ae3-bcf0-6e08e0a7375b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_01a135e7-51b3-7603-8364-310ee5c3e22d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentInformationTable"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a135e7-51b3-7ae3-bcf0-6e08e0a7375b" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_01a135e7-51b3-7603-8364-310ee5c3e22d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_01a135e7-51b3-7369-81c7-28705a5df00c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_01a135e7-51b3-7603-8364-310ee5c3e22d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_01a135e7-51b3-7369-81c7-28705a5df00c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_01a135e7-51b3-7602-a78d-3b803760431a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_01a135e7-51b3-7369-81c7-28705a5df00c" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_01a135e7-51b3-7602-a78d-3b803760431a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_buse_CommonStock0.001ParValueMember_01a135e7-51b3-7144-aa7f-230c6d1578e8" xlink:href="buse-20261106.xsd#buse_CommonStock0.001ParValueMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_01a135e7-51b3-7602-a78d-3b803760431a" xlink:to="loc_buse_CommonStock0.001ParValueMember_01a135e7-51b3-7144-aa7f-230c6d1578e8" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_buse_DepositarySharesEachRepresentingA140thInterestInAShareOf8.25FixedRateSeriesBNonCumulativePerpetualPreferredStock0.001ParValueMember_01a135e7-51b3-7df6-9818-86d515e8dbd7" xlink:href="buse-20261106.xsd#buse_DepositarySharesEachRepresentingA140thInterestInAShareOf8.25FixedRateSeriesBNonCumulativePerpetualPreferredStock0.001ParValueMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_01a135e7-51b3-7602-a78d-3b803760431a" xlink:to="loc_buse_DepositarySharesEachRepresentingA140thInterestInAShareOf8.25FixedRateSeriesBNonCumulativePerpetualPreferredStock0.001ParValueMember_01a135e7-51b3-7df6-9818-86d515e8dbd7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentInformationLineItems"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_01a135e7-51b3-7603-8364-310ee5c3e22d" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_01a135e7-51b3-79e1-8273-2dab5fc6b209" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_01a135e7-51b3-79e1-8273-2dab5fc6b209" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_01a135e7-51b3-764a-a9be-657c653ce8e1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_01a135e7-51b3-764a-a9be-657c653ce8e1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_01a135e7-51b3-7b99-9584-61e4d1b9483f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_01a135e7-51b3-7b99-9584-61e4d1b9483f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_01a135e7-51b3-7137-a9f5-2e96737a42b1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_01a135e7-51b3-7137-a9f5-2e96737a42b1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_01a135e7-51b3-78b9-832e-042895b6c58a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_01a135e7-51b3-78b9-832e-042895b6c58a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_01a135e7-51b3-7493-9a31-69df9995831f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_01a135e7-51b3-7493-9a31-69df9995831f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_01a135e7-51b3-7219-b706-262f0ad58695" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_01a135e7-51b3-7219-b706-262f0ad58695" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_01a135e7-51b3-7546-b4a8-8e8b4927557e" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_01a135e7-51b3-7546-b4a8-8e8b4927557e" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_01a135e7-51b3-7886-bf61-4c0a2f1c3818" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_01a135e7-51b3-7886-bf61-4c0a2f1c3818" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_01a135e7-51b3-71c7-b4e1-325db3deeddc" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_01a135e7-51b3-71c7-b4e1-325db3deeddc" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_01a135e7-51b3-7945-8187-60bd534e6434" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_01a135e7-51b3-7945-8187-60bd534e6434" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_01a135e7-51b3-7861-8c36-4041855925db" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_01a135e7-51b3-7861-8c36-4041855925db" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_01a135e7-51b3-75eb-a14b-c61159b2ab19" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_01a135e7-51b3-75eb-a14b-c61159b2ab19" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_01a135e7-51b3-7d1f-a247-14fa13dc44d4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_01a135e7-51b3-7d1f-a247-14fa13dc44d4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_01a135e7-51b3-7377-bff0-52b2e31ddef2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_01a135e7-51b3-7377-bff0-52b2e31ddef2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_01a135e7-51b3-7cf9-a89e-d2ccbec68ce5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_01a135e7-51b3-7cf9-a89e-d2ccbec68ce5" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_01a135e7-51b3-7b61-adda-0e29944d51ff" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_01a135e7-51b3-7b61-adda-0e29944d51ff" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_01a135e7-51b3-7245-9a92-34fa17812cf2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_01a135e7-51b3-7245-9a92-34fa17812cf2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_01a135e7-51b3-72ec-b255-9b2c271487cf" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_01a135e7-51b3-72ec-b255-9b2c271487cf" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_01a135e7-51b3-7d7c-8e8a-8e2c84a56225" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_01a135e7-51b3-7d7c-8e8a-8e2c84a56225" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_01a135e7-51b3-7023-bebc-e4207fdae16f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_01a135e7-51b3-7023-bebc-e4207fdae16f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_01a135e7-51b3-7937-9ee6-6248f84ffc67" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_01a135e7-51b3-71aa-92a7-33f99ee73ef4" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_01a135e7-51b3-7937-9ee6-6248f84ffc67" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
