Subsequent events	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2026
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent events	23. Subsequent events On October 14, 2026, the European Banking Authority (the “EBA”) announced that it had classified USDC, issued in the European Union by our subsidiary Circle Internet Financial Europe SAS (“Circle France”), as a significant e-money token under the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (“MiCA”). USDC is the first e-money token to receive this classification. Effective November 12, 2026, USDC will be subject to the dual supervision MiCA provides for significant e-money tokens. Direct supervisory responsibility for own funds, reserve of assets, liquidity requirements, and recovery and redemption plans will transfer from the Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution (“ACPR”) to the EBA. The ACPR will remain responsible for other areas, including governance, qualifying holdings, fit and proper assessments, outsourcing, and conflicts of interest. The EBA also entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the New York State Department of Financial Services to facilitate cooperation and information exchange regarding cross-border stablecoin activities. As a result of this classification, Circle France may be subject to increased regulatory capital, reserve, liquidity, and other prudential requirements under MiCA, which could require us to hold additional capital or liquidity in the European Union, increase our compliance costs, or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We are evaluating the impact of the classification and the transition to EBA supervision.

Subsequent events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2026

23. Subsequent events

On October 14, 2026, the European Banking Authority (the “EBA”) announced that it had classified USDC, issued in the European Union by our subsidiary Circle Internet Financial Europe SAS (“Circle France”), as a significant e-money token under the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (“MiCA”). USDC is the first e-money token to receive this classification. Effective November 12, 2026, USDC will be subject to the dual supervision MiCA provides for significant e-money tokens. Direct supervisory responsibility for own funds, reserve of assets, liquidity requirements, and recovery and redemption plans will transfer from the Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution (“ACPR”) to the EBA. The ACPR will remain responsible for other areas, including governance, qualifying holdings, fit and proper assessments, outsourcing, and conflicts of interest. The EBA also entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the New York State Department of Financial Services to facilitate cooperation and information exchange regarding cross-border stablecoin activities.

As a result of this classification, Circle France may be subject to increased regulatory capital, reserve, liquidity, and other prudential requirements under MiCA, which could require us to hold additional capital or liquidity in the European Union, increase our compliance costs, or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We are evaluating the impact of the classification and the transition to EBA supervision.