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Share-Based Payments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2026
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-Based Payments Share-Based Payments
The Board of Directors was authorized at the General Meeting to grant restricted stock units (“RSU”), stock options plan (“SO”), and non-employee warrants (Bons de Souscription d’Actions or “BSA”).
There were no changes during the period in the valuation methodologies, vesting terms or accounting policies applicable to the Company’s share-based awards from those disclosed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, the Company granted two special performance-based stock unit awards to its Chief Executive Officer, representing an aggregate of up to 5,800,000 RSUs. The awards were granted in two tranches, consisting of 1,740,000 RSUs granted on May 5, 2026 and 4,060,000 RSUs granted on June 5, 2026. The RSUs are subject to a continued presence condition through July 1, 2028 and to performance conditions based on specified VIASKIN® Peanut regulatory milestones. The May 5, 2026 grant is linked to FDA acceptance for review of the applicable VIASKIN® Peanut BLA, with 870,000 RSUs allocated to children aged 4 to 7 years old and 870,000 RSUs allocated to the toddlers aged 1 to 3 years old, or 1,740,000 RSUs if a single BLA covering both age groups is accepted for review.
The June 5, 2026 grant is linked to FDA approval of VIASKIN® Peanut, with 2,900,000 RSUs allocated to the first FDA approval and 1,160,000 RSUs allocated to a second FDA approval, or 4,060,000 RSUs if a single BLA covering both age groups is approved. Vested shares are delivered in four installments through July 1, 2028. The Company recognizes compensation expense for these awards based on the grant-date fair value and its assessment of the probability of achieving the applicable performance conditions.

Changes in outstanding BSAs, stock options and RSUs during the period were as follows:
Number of outstanding
BSASORSUs
Balance as of December 31, 2025
107,008
14,104,578
3,608,347
Granted during the period
—
1,089,200
6,520,400
Exercised/released during the period
—
(38,775)
(51,977)
Forfeited during the period
(20,000)
(66,400)
(124,375)
Expired during the period
—
(59,500)
—
Balance as of September 30, 2026
87,008
15,029,103
9,952,395
During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, the Company granted 1.1 million SOs and 6.5 million RSUs, including CEO special grants as described above.
As a result, outstanding RSUs and SOs increased to 10.0 million and 15.0 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2026, partially offset by 90,752 exercises or releases, 210,775 forfeitures, and 59,500 expirations during the period.
Share-based payments expense reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations is as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2026202520262025
Research & developmentSO0.70.32.01.0
RSU0.50.21.50.6
Sales & marketingSO0.3—0.5—
RSU0.1—0.2—
General & administrativeSO0.70.32.61.9
RSU2.7(0.2)4.0—
5.00.510.93.5