Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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| Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description of Business | Description of Business
We build and operate creator communities that collectively serve approximately 19.3 million monthly active users across the Zedge Marketplace and GuruShots. Zedge Marketplace, our flagship platform, is a leading marketplace for mobile personalization content and includes pAInt, our generative AI creation suite. GuruShots is a photo competition game in which photographers of all skill levels compete, vote and improve through gamified photo challenges. DataSeeds.AI (“DataSeeds”) is our business-to-business offering, delivering multimodal datasets spanning images, video and audio, including egocentric video for robotics training, that are rights-cleared and built to customer specification. Except where the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms “Company,” “Zedge,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Zedge, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
The Company is headquartered in New York, New York, and has international office locations in Lithuania and Israel.
Our fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2026 refers to the fiscal year ended July 31, 2026).
The Spin-Off
The Company was formerly a majority-owned subsidiary of IDT Corporation (“IDT”). On June 1, 2016, IDT spun off its interest in the Company to IDT’s stockholders and the Company became an independent public company through a pro rata distribution of the Company’s common stock held by IDT to IDT’s stockholders (the “Spin-Off”). |
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| Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
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| Reportable Segments | Reportable Segments
The Company has two reportable segments: Zedge Marketplace and GuruShots, as further discussed in Note 14, Segment and Geographic Information. |
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, as well as related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the economic environment due to various global events. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our financial condition or operating results will be affected. We base our estimates on past experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, and we evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis. |
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition
We generate revenue from the following sources: (1) advertising; (2) paid subscriptions; (3) other sources, primarily Zedge Premium (the section of our marketplace where we offer premium content for purchase), and (4) digital goods and services. The substantial majority of our revenue is generated from selling our advertising inventory (“Advertising Revenue”) to advertising networks and advertising exchanges. Our weekly, monthly, yearly and life-time subscriptions allow users to prepay a fixed fee to remove unsolicited advertisements from our Zedge App. In Zedge Premium, we receive 30% of the net purchase price, after payment of fees to Google Play or the App Store, when users purchase licensed content using Zedge Credits or unlock licensed content by watching a video or taking a survey on Zedge Premium. Sales and other similar taxes are excluded from revenues.
Advertising Revenue: We generate the bulk of our revenue from selling the Zedge Marketplace’s advertising inventory to advertising networks and advertising exchanges.
We recognize advertising revenue as advertisements are delivered to users through impressions or ad views (depending on the terms agreed upon with the advertiser). For in-app display ads, in-app offers, engagement advertisements and other advertisements, our performance obligations are satisfied over the life of the relevant contract (i.e., over time), with revenue being recognized as advertising units are delivered, which is Zedge’s performance obligation. The advertiser may compensate us on a cost-per-impression, cost-per-click, cost-per-action basis.
Paid Subscription Revenue: Beginning in January 2019 and April 2023, we started offering paid subscription services sold through Google Play and the App Store, respectively. When a customer subscribes, they execute a clickthrough agreement with Zedge outlining the terms and conditions between Zedge and the subscriber. Google Play and the App Store process subscription prepayment on Zedge’s behalf, and retain a fee of up to 30%. Subscriptions are nonrefundable after a period of seven days. Paid subscriptions are automatically renewed at expiration unless cancelled by subscribers. While customers can cancel at any time, they will not receive any refund, and will continue to receive the service until the end of the subscription period. The duration of these contracts is daily, and revenue for these contracts is recognized on a daily ratable basis. The payment terms for subscriptions sold through Google Play is net 30 days after month-end. The payment terms for subscriptions sold through the App Store is net 45 days after month-end. We recognize subscription revenue ratably over the subscription periods which range from weekly, monthly, yearly and lifetime with lifetime subscriptions having an estimated lifespan of 30 months.
Zedge Premium: Zedge Premium is our marketplace where artists and brands can market, distribute and sell their digital content to our users. The content owner sets the price and end users can purchase the content by paying for it with Zedge Credits, our closed virtual currency. Alternatively, the content owner may opt to place some items behind video ad gates, in which case end users can acquire the content by watching a brief video ad. A user can earn Zedge Credits when taking specific actions such as watching rewarded videos or completing electronic surveys. Alternatively, users can buy Zedge Credits with an in-app purchase. If a user purchases Zedge Credits, Google Play or the App Store retains a fee of 30% of the purchase price. When a user purchases Zedge Premium content using Zedge credits or watching a rewarded video, the artist or brand receives 70% of the actual revenue after the Google Play or iTunes fee (“Royalty Payment”) and we receive the remaining 30%, which is recognized as revenue.
Digital Goods and Services: GuruShots generates the substantial majority of its revenues from the sale of virtual tokens that players can redeem for in-game goods and services (e.g., power-ups, entry fees, or resource bundles). GuruShots distributes its game to users through mobile platforms such as Apple’s App Store and Google Play, as well as via the internet. Through these platforms, users can download the free-to-play game and can purchase virtual goods which are redeemed in the game to enhance their game-playing experience.
Players can pay for their virtual item purchases through various widely accepted payment methods offered in the game. Payments from players for virtual goods are required at the time of purchase, are non-cancellable and relate to non-cancellable contracts that specify GuruShots’ obligations and cannot be redeemed for cash nor exchanged for anything other than virtual goods within the GuruShots’ game. The purchase price is a fixed amount which reflects the consideration that GuruShots expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for use of virtual goods by its customers. The platform providers collect proceeds from the game players and remit the proceeds to GuruShots after deducting their respective platform fees. Sales and other taxes collected from customers on behalf of governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and are not included in revenues or operating expenses. GuruShots’ performance obligation is to display the virtual goods in game play based upon the nature of the virtual item.
GuruShots categorizes its virtual goods as consumable. GuruShots’ game sells only consumable virtual goods. Consumable virtual goods represent items that can be consumed by a specific player action and do not provide the player any continuing benefit following consumption. GuruShots has determined - through a review of game play behavior - that players generally do not purchase additional virtual goods until their existing virtual goods balances have been substantially consumed. This review includes an analysis of game players’ historical play behavior, purchase behavior, and the amounts of virtual goods outstanding. Revenue is recognized once the virtual goods are sold. GuruShots monitors its analysis of customer play behavior on a quarterly basis.
As discussed above, GuruShots concluded that revenue related to the promise of enhancing users’ gaming experience through in-game resource purchases should be recognized ratably over the period of benefit period (i.e., the period over which the enhanced gaming experience is provided). However, for practical reasons, GuruShots does not defer the portion of revenue attributable to future uses of resources as of any given balance sheet date. This is due to the duration of the enhanced gaming experience that is provided being, in substantially all of the cases, and applying the portfolio approach (as GuruShots reasonably expects that the effects on the financial statements of applying Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying ASC 606 guidance to the individual contracts), a very short time frame ranging from a few hours to less than two weeks. Therefore, the result of recognizing the related revenues at the point in time which user first consumes the respective resource would yield a result that is not substantially different then ratable recognition over the period of benefit. Accordingly, revenue is recognized once the virtual goods are sold.
In fiscal 2025, we introduced DataSeeds.AI (“DataSeeds”). DataSeeds offers rights-cleared multimodal - image, video, and audio - datasets that companies use to build and train their AI models. We draw on a large and long-standing creator ecosystem built through GuruShots and the Zedge Marketplace, complemented by an extensive global network of vetted professional photographers, videographers, and domain specialists to create “Made-to-Order” bespoke datasets. This unified sourcing model gives predictable, spec-driven control over subject matter, diversity parameters, environments, and capture conditions. It enables fast, high-volume delivery of custom datasets used to support frontier model training, robust computer vision performance, and grounded generative AI. We recognize DataSeeds revenue when datasets are delivered and accepted by our customers. |
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| Gross Versus Net Revenue Recognition | Gross Versus Net Revenue Recognition
We report revenue on a gross or net basis based on management’s assessment of whether we act as a principal or agent in the transaction. To the extent we act as the principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis. To the extent we act as the agent, revenue is reported on a net basis. The determination of whether we act as a principal or an agent in a transaction is based on an evaluation of whether we control the good or service prior to transfer to the customer.
We generally report our advertising revenue net of amounts due to agencies and brokers because we are not the primary obligor in the relevant arrangements, we do not finalize the pricing, and we do not establish or maintain a direct relationship with the advertiser.
GuruShots is primarily responsible for providing the virtual goods, has control over the content and functionality of games and has the discretion to establish the virtual goods’ prices. Therefore, GuruShots is the principal and, accordingly revenues are recorded on a gross basis. Payment processing fees paid to platform providers are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses. We report DataSeeds revenue on a gross basis as we are the principal in the transaction.
We report subscription revenue gross of the fee retained by Google Play and the App Store, as the subscriber is our customer in the contract and we control the service prior to the transfer to the subscriber.
With respect to Zedge Premium, Zedge, as provider of the platform, is effectively operating as a broker or intermediary connecting online content providers with the end user. While we use gross revenue (net of the 30% fee retained by Google Play or the App Store when a user purchases Zedge Credits) as a performance metric, we record revenue on a net basis from Zedge Premium which consists of a 30% platform fee, in-app purchases profit and breakage. Content providers are paid their portion of revenue which is a 70% share of the gross revenue calculated. |
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| Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers | Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. We hold cash and cash equivalents at several major financial institutions, which may exceed FDIC insured limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any losses due to such concentration of credit risk. The Company’s temporary cash investments policy is to limit the dollar amount of investments with any one financial institution and monitor the credit ratings of those institutions. While we may be exposed to credit losses due to the nonperformance of the holders of its deposits, we do not expect the settlement of these transactions to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
We routinely assess the financial strength of our customers. As a result, we believe that our accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited and have not experienced significant write-downs in our accounts receivable balances. In fiscal, 2026, two largest customers represented 34% and 7% of our revenue. In fiscal 2025, two largest customers represented 37% and 6% of our revenue. At July 31, 2026, three customers represented 37%, 16% and 15% of our accounts receivable balance and at July 31, 2025, two customers represented 48% and 13% of our accounts receivable balance. All of these significant customers are advertising exchanges operated by leading companies, and the receivables represent many smaller amounts due from advertisers. |
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| Direct Cost of Revenues | Direct Cost of Revenues
Direct cost of revenues for the Company consists of fees paid to third parties that provide the Company with internet hosting, content serving and filtering, data analytic tools and marketing automation services. Such costs are charged to expense as incurred. Direct cost of revenues also include production costs related to DataSeeds. |
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| Property and Equipment, net | Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization, and depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful lives, which range as follows: capitalized software and technology development costs—3 years; and other—5 years. Other is comprised of furniture and fixtures, office equipment, video conference equipment, computer hardware and computer software. Normal repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Replacement property and equipment is capitalized and the property and equipment accounts are relieved of the items being replaced or disposed of if no longer of value. The related cost and accumulated depreciation of the disposed assets are eliminated and any gain or loss on disposition is included in the results of operations in the year of disposal. |
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| Capitalized Software and Technology Development Costs-Internal-Use Software related to Zedge Marketplace | Capitalized Software and Technology Development Costs-Internal-Use Software related to Zedge Marketplace
Software and technology development activities generally fall into three stages:
During the Planning Stage, we charge all costs to expense as incurred.
During the Application and Infrastructure Development Stage, we begin to capitalize costs when the project has been properly authorized and we determine that completion is probable. If a project is subsequently cancelled prior to placement in service, costs that have been capitalized to date will be reviewed for potential impairment. Capitalization ceases no later than the point at which a computer software project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Amortization, which is generally over three years, begins for each project when the code is ready for use, whether or not it is actually placed in service at that time (an exception being if the project’s functionality completely depends on the completion of another project, in which case, amortization begins when that other project is ready for use).
During the Post-Implementation/Operating Stage, we expense training costs and maintenance costs as incurred. However, upgrades and enhancements, defined as modifications to existing internal-use software that result in additional functionality (modifications to enable the software to perform tasks that it was previously incapable of performing, normally requiring new software specifications and perhaps a change to all or part of the existing software specifications) are treated as though they were new projects, and are assessed utilizing the same stages and criteria on a project-by-project basis. As such, internal costs incurred for upgrades and enhancements are expensed or capitalized based on the requirements noted above, while costs incurred for maintenance are expensed as incurred. These projects are tracked individually, such that the beginning and ending of the capitalization can be appropriately established, as well as the amounts capitalized therein.
Amortization of these costs is included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
We evaluate these long-lived assets for impairment whenever circumstances arise that indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on the lowest level of identifiable estimated undiscounted cash flows resulting from use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of any impairment loss is based on the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its fair value. We recorded $0.1 million impairment charges in Q2 of our fiscal year ended July 31, 2026 related to Emojipedia’s capitalized software development costs. See Note 6, Intangible, Net and Goodwill, for additional information. |
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| Capitalized Software and Technology Development Costs-Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed related to GuruShots | Capitalized Software and Technology Development Costs-Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed related to GuruShots
We expense research and development costs incurred in the process of software development until technological feasibility has been established for the product. Once technological feasibility has been established, software costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Costs incurred from the time that the product is available for general release to customers are expensed as incurred. Costs related to upgrades and enhancements are capitalized only if they result in added functionality or marketability of the original product.
The amortization of these capitalized costs begins when a product is available for general release to customers and is computed on a product-by-product basis at a rate not less than straight-line basis over the product’s estimated economic life. At each balance sheet date, we compare the unamortized capitalized costs to the net realizable value of that product and write off the amount by which the unamortized capitalized costs of that product exceed its net realizable value.
Amortization of these costs is included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
We evaluate these long-lived assets for impairment whenever circumstances arise that indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company’s strategic reassessment of GuruShots’ operations in connection with the restructuring initiative resulted in a $0.8 million impairment of capitalized software and technology development costs which is recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2025. See Note 17, Restructuring, Impairments, and Related Charges, for additional information. |
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| Intangible Assets, Net | Intangible Assets, Net
We test the recoverability of our intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. We test for recoverability based on the projected undiscounted cash flows to be derived from such asset. If the projected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, we will record an impairment loss, if any, based on the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the asset. We generally measure fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Cash flow projections and fair value estimates require significant estimates and assumptions by management. Should the estimates and assumptions prove to be incorrect, we may be required to record impairments in future periods and such impairments could be material.
Intangible assets are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization, unless a determination has been made that their value has been impaired. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of between to years. We review identifiable amortizable intangible assets to be held and used for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on the lowest level of identifiable estimated undiscounted cash flows resulting from use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of any impairment loss is based on the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its fair value. We recorded $3.7 million charges in Q2 of our fiscal year ended July 31, 2026 related to Emojipedia’s intangible assets. See Note 6, Intangible, Net and Goodwill, for additional information. |
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| Goodwill | Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price and related costs over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of the business acquired. Under ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment annually, or if certain circumstances indicate a possible impairment may exist.
We test goodwill for impairment on the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter or upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that indicate that the asset might be impaired. Goodwill is assigned to our reporting units, which are our operating segments, or components of an operating segment, that constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available, and for which segment management regularly reviews the operating results. During the annual impairment review process we have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment (commonly referred to as “step zero”) over relative events and circumstances to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, or to perform a quantitative assessment (“step one”) where we estimate the fair value of each reporting unit using primarily a market capitalization approach.
We would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, we consider income tax effects from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of its reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. There were $12.3 million and $13.9 million in cash equivalents as of July 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. |
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include provisions for federal, state and foreign income taxes. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the consolidated financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the period in which related temporary differences become deductible. We consider the scheduled reversal of deferred tax assets and liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in its assessment of a valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.
We use a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we presume that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount of tax benefit to recognize in the consolidated financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements will generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability for income taxes payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receivable, a reduction in a deferred tax asset, or an increase in a deferred tax liability.
We classify interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense included in the income tax expense (benefit) line item in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). |
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| Contingencies | Contingencies
We accrue for loss contingencies when both (a) information available prior to issuance of the consolidated financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be estimated. When we accrue for loss contingencies and the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range, we record its best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue the minimum amount in the range. We disclose an estimated possible loss or a range of loss when it is at least reasonably possible that a loss may have been incurred. |
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| Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) | Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect of such increase is anti-dilutive.
As disclosed in Note-8 Equity, the rights of holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical except for certain voting and conversion rights and restrictions on transferability. As such, the Company is not required to break out EPS by class.
The weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company’s common stockholders consists of the following (in thousands):
The following shares were excluded from the diluted earnings per share computation because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
For the fiscal years ended July 31, 2026 and 2025, the diluted loss per share equals basic loss per share because the Company incurred a net loss during these periods and the impact of the assumed exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock and deferred stock units (“DSUs”) would have been anti-dilutive. |
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| Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation
We account for our share-based compensation arrangements in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”) which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards to employees and directors based on estimated fair values on the grant date. Compensation cost for awards is recognized using the straight-line method over the vesting period or the graded vesting method if awards with market or performance conditions include graded vesting features, or if an award includes both a service condition and a market or performance condition. Stock-based compensation is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). We account for forfeitures for all awards as they occur. |
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| Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements
Fair value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three-tier hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, is as follows:
A financial asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. |
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| Derivative Instruments – Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts | Derivative Instruments – Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts
The Company’s earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily the U.S. Dollar (“USD”)-EUR and USD-ILS exchange rates. The Company’s risk management policy allows for the use of derivative financial instruments to prudently manage foreign currency exchange rate exposure. Foreign currency derivative activities are subject to the management, direction and control of the executive management. Foreign exchange forward contracts are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets at their fair value in “Prepaid expenses and other receivables” or “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities”, and changes in fair value are recognized in “Net loss resulting from foreign exchange transactions” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). |
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| Functional Currency | Functional Currency
The U.S. Dollar is the Company’s functional currency. The functional currencies for the Company’s subsidiaries that operate outside of the United States are USD for GuruShots, NOK for Zedge Europe AS and EUR for Zedge Lithuania UAB which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Zedge Europe AS, which are the currencies of the primary economic environments in which they primarily expend cash. The Company translates assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies to U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate in effect as of the consolidated financial statement date, and translates accounts from the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the weighted average exchange rate for the period. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency translations are recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses including gains and losses from currency exchange rate changes related to intercompany receivables and payables are reported in “Net loss resulting from foreign exchange transactions” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). |
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| Allowance for Credit Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses reflects the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. The allowance is determined based on known troubled accounts, historical experience and other currently available evidence. Bad debts are written-off upon final determination that the trade accounts will not be collected. There was no allowance for credit losses as of July 31, 2026 and 2025. |
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| Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of two components, net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to gains and losses that are recorded as an element of stockholders’ equity and are excluded from net income (loss). The Company’s other comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are comprised principally of foreign currency translation adjustments. |
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| Operating and Finance Leases | Operating and Finance Leases
The Company has operating leases primarily for office space. The determination of whether an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease is made at inception by evaluating whether the arrangement conveys the right to use (“ROU”) an identified asset and whether the Company obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from and has the ability to direct the use of the asset. Operating leases are included in other assets, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other liabilities, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any finance leases.
Leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets in the line items cited above. The Company has elected not to recognize leases with terms of one year or less on the consolidated balance sheets. Lease obligations and their corresponding ROU assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. As the interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable, the Company utilizes the materially approximate incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The lease term may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. |
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| Restructuring Charges | Restructuring Charges
The restructuring charges incurred by the Company in fiscal 2025 consist primarily of cash expenditures for compensation and severance payments, employee benefits, payroll taxes and related facilities restructuring costs associated with the Company’s workforce reduction implemented in the second quarter of fiscal 2025. Employee termination benefits are recognized as a liability at estimated fair value, at the time of communication to employees, unless future service is required, in which case the costs are recognized ratably over the future service period. Ongoing termination benefits are recognized as a liability at estimated fair value when the amount of such benefits is probable and reasonably estimable. Charges related to facilities restructuring actions are comprised of costs related to early termination of the lease agreement and impairment of the right-of-use asset in connection with the abandonment of the property. We recorded an impairment of ROU asset of $140,000 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025. See Note 17, Restructuring, Impairments, and Related Charges, for additional information. The related early lease termination costs have not been determined as of July 31, 2026. See Note 10, Operating Leases, for additional information. |
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Issued Not Yet Adopted) | Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Issued Not Yet Adopted)
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) (“ASU 2024-03”), ASU 2024-03 will require public entities to disaggregate, within the notes to the financial statements, certain expenses presented on the face of the financial statements to enhance transparency and help investors better understand an entity’s performance. The amendment will specifically require that an entity disclose the amounts related to purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and intangible asset amortization. Entities will also be required to provide a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, provide a definition of what constitutes selling expenses. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company will not be required to adopt ASU 2024-03 until August 1, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2024-03 on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). ASU 2025-05 provides a practical expedient permitting an entity to assume that conditions at the balance sheet date remain unchanged over the life of the asset when estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The provisions of ASU 2025-05 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted, and are to be applied prospectively. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2025-05 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and accompanying Notes.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use-Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software (“ASU 2025-06”). ASU 2025-06 removes the prescriptive software development “project stages” and requires capitalization of software costs once (1) management authorizes and commits funding and (2) completion and use are probable. Entities must evaluate significant development uncertainty related to technological innovations or performance requirements. The amendments also require Subtopic 360-10 disclosures for all capitalized internal-use software costs and clarify that intangible asset disclosures under Subtopic 350-30 are not required. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company will not be required to adopt ASU 2025-06 until August 1, 2028. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2025-06 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements (“ASU 2025-11”). ASU 2025-11 clarifies the applicability of interim reporting guidance, provides a comprehensive list of required interim disclosures, and establishes a disclosure principle that requires disclosure of material events that occurred after the end of the last annual reporting period. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company will not be required to adopt ASU 2025-11 until August 1, 2028. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2025-11 on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-12, Codification Improvements (“ASU 2025-12”). The amendments in ASU 2025-12 represent changes to certain FASB Accounting Standards Codification topics that clarify, correct errors, or make minor improvements. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted, and may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption and transition method may be elected on an issue-by-issue basis. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2025-12 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and accompanying Notes.
All other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued but not yet effective are currently being evaluated and at this time are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
We reviewed all other accounting pronouncements issued during fiscal 2026 and concluded that they were not applicable to the Company. |
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