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Dividend Paying Securities Risk. Securities that pay dividends, as a group, may be out of favor with the market and underperform the overall equity market or stocks of companies that do not pay dividends. In addition, changes in the dividend policies of the companies held by the Fund or the capital resources available for such companies’ dividend payments may adversely affect the Fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Financials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Financials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Financials Sector includes, for example, companies engaged in banking, financial services, consumer finance, capital markets and insurance activities as well as financial exchanges, financial data providers and mortgage real estate investment trusts. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, changes in interest rates, credit rating downgrades, government regulation, the rate of defaults on corporate, consumer and government debt, and the availability and cost of capital.

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Geopolitical Risk. Some countries and regions in which the Fund invests have experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Mid-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of other capitalization ranges or the market as a whole. Securities of mid-capitalization companies are often less stable and more vulnerable to market volatility and adverse economic developments than securities of larger companies, but mid-capitalization companies may also underperform the securities of small-capitalization companies because mid-capitalization companies are more mature and are subject to slower growth during economic expansion.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in non-U.S. securities, including depositary receipts, involve political, regulatory, and economic risks that may not be present in investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to currency fluctuations, political or economic instability, or geographic events that adversely impact issuers of foreign securities. Investments in non-U.S. securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These additional risks may make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments and may be heightened in connection with investments in developing or emerging markets countries.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund’s strategies associated with currency hedging may not be successful. Further, in order to minimize transaction costs, or for other reasons, the Fund’s exposure to the non-U.S. currencies may not be hedged to the extent indicated by any or all of the quantitative signals. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may also change quickly, unpredictably, and without warning, and you may lose money.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a currency or a commodity. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use currency forward contracts and/or currency futures contracts to implement its principal investment strategies. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency on a future date at a set price thereby effectively locking in the exchange rate for the purchase or sale of that currency. Currency forward contracts are traded in the over-the-counter market and generally are not subject to initial or upfront margin requirements. As a result, currency forward contracts are particularly subject to counterparty credit risk, including that a counterparty may be unwilling or unable to meet its contractual obligations. A currency futures contract is an exchange-traded contract that provides for the future purchase or sale of a currency at a specified price of another currency. Currency futures contracts are subject to the risk of imperfect correlation between the movements in the price of the futures contract and the underlying currency.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in Japan
Investments in Japan are subject to risks associated with its economy’s dependence on the export market and consistent government support of its export market. Slowdowns in the Japanese export market may have a negative impact on the Japanese economy as a whole. Japan’s economy is also reliant on the economic strength of its key trading partners in the United States, China, and Southeast Asia. Japan also lacks many natural resources, and, as such, price increases, shortages, or volatility in the commodities market could have an adverse effect on Japan’s economy. Japan is also subject to risks associated with natural disasters and escalating political tension in the region.

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Hedging Risk. Derivatives used by the Fund to offset its exposure to non-U.S. currencies may not perform as intended for a variety of reasons, including a lack of correlation between the derivative and the underlying currency. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s dynamic hedging strategy or hedging transactions will be effective. The value of an investment in the Fund could be significantly and adversely affected if (i) the value of foreign currencies being hedged by the Fund appreciate relative to the U.S. dollar at the same time the value of the Fund's equity holdings depreciate, or (ii) the Fund’s derivatives are unsuccessful in offsetting the Fund’s exposure to such foreign currencies as indicated by the Index.

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Industrials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Industrials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Industrials Sector includes, for example, aerospace and defense, non-residential construction, engineering, machinery, transportation, and commercial and professional services companies. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, business cycle fluctuations, worldwide economic growth, rapid technological developments, international political and economic developments, exchange rates, commodity prices, environmental issues, government and corporate spending, supply and demand for specific products and manufacturing, and government regulation.

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Non-Correlation Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and that of the Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs, while also managing cash flows and potential operational inefficiencies, not incurred by the Index. In addition, when markets are volatile, the ability to sell securities at fair market prices may be adversely affected and may result in additional trading costs and/or increase the non-correlation risk. The Fund’s use of sampling techniques also may affect its ability to achieve close correlation with the Index.

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Small-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests primarily in the securities of small-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to adverse economic developments as well as changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs, and earnings.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Financials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Financials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Financials Sector includes, for example, companies engaged in banking, financial services, consumer finance, capital markets and insurance activities as well as financial exchanges, financial data providers and mortgage real estate investment trusts. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, changes in interest rates, credit rating downgrades, government regulation, the rate of defaults on corporate, consumer and government debt, and the availability and cost of capital.

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Geopolitical Risk. Some countries and regions in which the Fund invests have experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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Industrials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Industrials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Industrials Sector includes, for example, aerospace and defense, non-residential construction, engineering, machinery, transportation, and commercial and professional services companies. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, business cycle fluctuations, worldwide economic growth, rapid technological developments, international political and economic developments, exchange rates, commodity prices, environmental issues, government and corporate spending, supply and demand for specific products and manufacturing, and government regulation.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. government securities may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. U.S. government securities are subject to the risks associated with fixed income and debt securities, particularly interest rate risk and credit risk, but may provide relatively lower returns than those of other securities. Similar to other issuers, changes to the financial condition or credit rating of the U.S. government may cause the value of the Fund’s U.S. government securities to decline. In addition, U.S. government securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government involve credit risk that is greater than other types of U.S. government securities.

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Capital Controls and Sanctions Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events, military action and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to foreign government intervention (including intervention by the U.S. government with respect to foreign governments, economic sectors, foreign companies and related securities and interests) and the imposition of capital controls and/or sanctions, which may also include retaliatory actions of one government against another government, such as seizure of assets. Capital controls and/or sanctions include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to own or transfer currency, securities or other assets, which may potentially include derivative instruments related thereto. Capital controls and/or sanctions may also impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell, transfer, receive, deliver or otherwise obtain exposure to, foreign securities or currency, negatively impact the value and/or liquidity of such instruments, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. As a result of its financial condition, the issuer of a debt security or other instrument, or the counterparty to a derivative or other contract, may default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations or be perceived (whether by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as being in such situations. The value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults, changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio investments and/or perceptions related thereto.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in non-U.S. securities, including depositary receipts, involve political, regulatory, and economic risks that may not be present in investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to currency fluctuations, political or economic instability, or geographic events that adversely impact issuers of foreign securities. Investments in non-U.S. securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These additional risks may make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments and may be heightened in connection with investments in developing or emerging markets countries.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Currency Exchange Rate Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Fund’s investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may also change quickly, unpredictably, and without warning, and you may lose money.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a currency or a commodity. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use swaps and other derivative instruments to implement its principal investment strategies. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange the cash flows or values of one specified asset for another. The risks of swaps include, but are not limited to, counterparty credit risk and the potential to increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Fund’s investments and its share price. A futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell assets at a fixed price, but to be delivered and paid for later. Options are financial instruments that provide the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a set price. A forward contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific security or instrument, such as currencies or commodities, on a future date at a price set at the time of contract. Forward contracts settle at the end of the agreement and are traded in the over-the-counter market. In addition to the other risks associated with the use of derivatives described elsewhere in this Prospectus, there are risks associated with the Fund’s use of swaps, including but not limited to: (1) the success of the Adviser’s and Sub-Adviser’s ability to predict movements in the prices of individual currencies or securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in interest rates; (2) an imperfect or no correlation between the changes in market value of the currencies or securities and the prices of swaps; and (3) no guarantee that an active market will exist for swaps at any particular time. Other risks specific to these types of derivatives instruments, as well as other risks of derivatives, generally, such as counterparty and issuer credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk and issuer-specific risk, are described in greater detail elsewhere in the Fund’s Prospectus.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in the United States
The economic, political, regulatory and other events and conditions that affect issuers and investments in the United States differ significantly from those associated with other countries and regions. For example, routine political events, such as a presidential election, can have a significant effect on the U.S. markets and lead to periods of increased volatility. U.S. financial markets also have become increasingly globalized, hosting participants from all over the world and on a more macro level, becoming more tightly integrated with financial markets around the world. As a result, U.S. financial markets are also increasingly vulnerable to the risks that may affect non-U.S. financial markets. The imposition of broad-based tariffs and other trade measures by the U.S. government, and retaliatory measures by U.S. trading partners, may create additional uncertainty and volatility in U.S. and global markets. Any event or condition that affects the U.S. economy, whether originating from within or outside of the United States, may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in the United States and thus, the Fund’s performance.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Mid-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of other capitalization ranges or the market as a whole. Securities of mid-capitalization companies are often less stable and more vulnerable to market volatility and adverse economic developments than securities of larger companies, but mid-capitalization companies may also underperform the securities of small-capitalization companies because mid-capitalization companies are more mature and are subject to slower growth during economic expansion.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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Models and Data Risk. The Fund uses an investment model to implement its investment strategy. The Fund is subject to the risk that the investment model may not perform as intended, including because the model may not adequately take into consideration certain factors relevant to the Fund’s investment strategy, investments, or the market environment, contains design flaws or incorporates faulty assumptions, or is informed by inaccurate or incomplete data. In addition, the investment model is artificial intelligence-based and designed to identify companies expected to deliver outperformance based on its processing of and identification of patterns in an extensive amount of historical market data. The model's use of artificial intelligence heightens the aforementioned risks. For example, the success of the investment model is primarily driven by its ability to learn from the data input into the model. As a result, the Fund is subject to the risks that the artificial intelligence element fails to learn and develop as expected, reaches erroneous conclusions, and/or is constrained by human intervention in its design or operation. The model's signals may also fail as a result of coding errors, inaccuracies in the data or other information supporting the model, and/or a cybersecurity breach affecting the model or the third-party model provider. The Sub-Adviser (defined below) retains discretion in determining whether and how to implement any outputs generated by the model, and the Sub-Adviser's implementation decisions could affect the success of the Fund's implementation of its strategy. The model may also produce unexpected or anomalous results during periods of significant market volatility or other market disruptions, which may differ materially from the historical data on which the model was trained and could result in losses to the Fund. The aforementioned errors in the data, assumptions and/or the design of the model may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Sub-Adviser or the Adviser for a significant period or at all, which may magnify the adverse effect on the Fund of any investment decisions made in reliance on the erroneous model results. Any of these circumstances may lead to investment decisions or the inclusion or exclusion of securities that adversely affect the value of the Fund.

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■	Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

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■	Leveraging Risk. Certain transactions of the Fund, such as the use of derivative instruments, will give rise to leverage, magnifying gains and losses and causing the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged. This means that leverage entails a heightened risk of loss.

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Tax Risk. If positions held by the Fund were treated as “straddles” for federal income tax purposes, or the Fund’s risk of loss with respect to a position was otherwise diminished as set forth in Treasury regulations, dividends on stocks that are a part of such positions would not constitute qualified dividend income subject to such favorable income tax treatment in the hands of non-corporate shareholders or eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders. In addition, generally, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character and timing of the Fund’s recognition of gains and losses with respect to straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that: (1) any loss realized on disposition of one position of a straddle may be deferred to the extent that the Fund has unrealized gains with respect to the other offsetting position in such straddle; (2) the Fund’s holding period in straddle positions be reset if the position has not reached a long-term holding period before the straddle was established and does not begin as long as the straddle exists (possibly resulting in a gain being treated as short-term capital gain rather than long-term capital gain); (3) the losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that are part of a mixed straddle and that are not subject to Section 1256 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital loss; (4) losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses be treated as long-term capital losses; and (5) the deduction of interest and carrying charges attributable to certain straddle positions may be deferred.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a currency or a commodity. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use futures contracts to implement its principal investment strategies. Risks specific to futures contracts, as well as other risks related to the use of derivatives, generally, such as counterparty and issuer credit risk, are described in greater detail elsewhere in the Fund’s Prospectus. A futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell assets at a fixed price, but to be delivered and paid for later.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Non-Correlation Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and that of the Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs, while also managing cash flows and potential operational inefficiencies, not incurred by the Index. In addition, when markets are volatile, the ability to sell securities at fair market prices may be adversely affected and may result in additional trading costs and/or increase the non-correlation risk. The Fund’s use of sampling techniques also may affect its ability to achieve close correlation with the Index.

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Adaptive Strategy Risk. In seeking to adapt to rising and falling trends in the U.S. equity market, the Index and, therefore, the Fund, allocates its assets to equity or fixed income securities. These allocations and the timing of the allocations may result in performance that is less favorable than that of a portfolio that does not make such allocations. There can be no guarantee that the adaptive strategy will work as intended. The strategy may result in periods of underperformance, limit the Fund’s ability to participate in rising markets, and increase transaction costs.

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Investment in Investment Companies Risk. Investing in other investment companies, including ETFs, money market funds, and other mutual funds, certain of which may be managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, subjects the Fund to those risks affecting the other investment company, including the possibility that the value of the underlying securities held by the investment company could decrease or the portfolio becomes illiquid. Moreover, the Fund and its shareholders will incur its pro rata share of an underlying investment company’s expenses, which will reduce the Fund’s performance. In addition, investments in an ETF are subject to, among other risks, the risk that the shares may trade at a discount or premium relative to the NAV of the shares and the listing exchange may halt trading of the shares.

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Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. As a result of its financial condition, the issuer of a debt security or other instrument, or the counterparty to a derivative or other contract, may default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations or be perceived (whether by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as being in such situations. The value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults, changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio investments and/or perceptions related thereto.

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Information Technology Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Information Technology Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Information Technology Sector includes, for example, companies that offer software and information technology services, manufacturers and distributors of technology hardware and equipment such as communications equipment, cellular phones, computers and peripherals, electronic equipment and related instruments, and semiconductors and related equipment and materials. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may adversely impact profit margins, the supply and demand for specific products and services, the pace of technological development (including the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning), and government regulation.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as an interest rate, a currency, or a commodity. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund may use forward contracts, swaps, and interest rate futures to implement its principal investment strategies. A forward contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific security or instrument, such as currencies or commodities, on a future date at a price set at the time of contract. Forward contracts settle at the end of the agreement and are traded in the over-the-counter market. As a result, forward contracts are subject to counterparty credit risk, including that a counterparty may be unwilling or unable to meet its contractual obligations. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange the cash flows or values of one specified asset for another. The risks of swaps include, but are not limited to, counterparty credit risk and the potential to increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Fund’s investments and its share price. An interest rate futures contract is an exchange-traded contract that provides for the future purchase of an interest-bearing asset at a specified price set at the time of contract. Interest rate futures contracts are subject to the risk of imperfect correlation between the movements in the price of the futures contract and the underlying interest rates.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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Non-Correlation Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and that of the Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs, while also managing cash flows and potential operational inefficiencies, not incurred by the Index. In addition, when markets are volatile, the ability to sell securities at fair market prices may be adversely affected and may result in additional trading costs and/or increase the non-correlation risk. The Fund’s use of sampling techniques also may affect its ability to achieve close correlation with the Index.

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Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of an increase in interest rates and changes to other factors, such as perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness. Interest rates may change suddenly or unexpectedly and have unpredictable impacts on the financial markets and the Fund’s investments. To the extent that the Fund holds fixed income securities with longer durations, such securities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk.

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Repurchase Agreement Risk. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. Investments in repurchase agreements are subject to counterparty risk. In the event of the insolvency of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of the repurchase price owed to the Fund may be delayed. Investments in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument may cause such issuer to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations or cause such issuer to be perceived (whether by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as being in such situations. The value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults, changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio investments and/or perceptions related thereto.

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High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. High yield securities may be regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument may cause such issuer to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations or cause such issuer to be perceived (whether by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as being in such situations. The value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults, changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio investments and/or perceptions related thereto.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a treasury security. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use U.S. Treasury futures contracts to implement its principal investment strategy. A bond futures contract, such as a U.S. Treasury future, is an exchange-traded contract that provides for the future purchase or sale of the reference asset, at a specified price set at the time of contract. U.S. Treasury futures contracts are subject to the risk of imperfect correlation between the movements in the price of the futures contract and the underlying U.S. Treasury security.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests primarily in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Models and Data Risk. The Fund uses an investment model to implement its investment strategy. The Fund is subject to the risk that the investment model may not perform as intended, including because the model may not adequately take into consideration certain factors relevant to the Fund’s investment strategy, investments, or the market environment, contains design flaws or incorporates faulty assumptions, or is informed by inaccurate or incomplete data. Errors in the data, assumptions and/or the design of the model may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Sub-Adviser (defined below) or the Adviser for a significant period or at all, which may magnify the adverse effect on the Fund of any investment decisions made in reliance on the erroneous model results. Any of these circumstances may lead to investment decisions or the inclusion or exclusion of securities that adversely affect the value of the Fund.

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Information Technology Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Information Technology Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Information Technology Sector includes, for example, companies that offer software and information technology services, manufacturers and distributors of technology hardware and equipment such as communications equipment, cellular phones, computers and peripherals, electronic equipment and related instruments, and semiconductors and related equipment and materials. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may adversely impact profit margins, the supply and demand for specific products and services, the pace of technological development (including the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning), and government regulation.

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Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities, and financial instruments related to fixed income securities, will decline in value because of an increase in interest rates and changes to other factors, such as perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness. Interest rates may change suddenly or unexpectedly and have unpredictable impacts on the financial markets and the Fund’s investments. To the extent that the Fund holds fixed income securities with longer durations, such securities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the price of a security with an eight-year duration would be expected to drop by approximately 8% in response to a 1% increase in interest rates.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in non-U.S. securities, including depositary receipts, involve political, regulatory, and economic risks that may not be present in investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to currency fluctuations, political or economic instability, or geographic events that adversely impact issuers of foreign securities. Investments in non-U.S. securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These additional risks may make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments and may be heightened in connection with investments in developing or emerging markets countries.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Currency Exchange Rate Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Fund’s investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may also change quickly, unpredictably, and without warning, and you may lose money.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a treasury security. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use U.S. Treasury futures contracts to implement its principal investment strategy. A bond futures contract, such as a U.S. Treasury future, is an exchange-traded contract that provides for the future purchase or sale of the reference asset, at a specified price set at the time of contract. U.S. Treasury futures contracts are subject to the risk of imperfect correlation between the movements in the price of the futures contract and the underlying U.S. Treasury security.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in China
China may be subject to considerable degrees of economic, political and social instability. The Chinese market remains a developing market and may be subject to significantly higher volatility in comparison to those of more developed markets. While the Chinese government has implemented economic and market reforms, the government continues to exert substantial influence over Chinese markets and the economy as a whole. Internal social unrest or confrontations with neighboring countries, including military conflicts in response to such events, may also disrupt economic development in China and result in a greater risk of currency fluctuations, currency non-convertibility, interest rate fluctuations and higher rates of inflation. Additionally, China is alleged to have participated in state-sponsored cyberattacks against foreign companies and foreign governments. Actual and threatened responses to such activity and strained international relations, including purchasing restrictions, sanctions, tariffs or cyberattacks on the Chinese government or Chinese companies, may impact China’s economy and Chinese issuers of securities in which the Fund invests. Escalating trade tensions between the United States and China, including the imposition of significant tariffs by both countries, have increased uncertainty regarding the long-term trajectory of U.S.-China economic relations and may adversely impact Chinese issuers and the Fund's investments in China. The Chinese economy may also experience slower growth if global or domestic demand for Chinese goods decreases significantly and/or key trading partners apply trade tariffs or implement other protectionist measures.

Investments in South Korea
Investments in South Korea are subject to risks specific to South Korea including legal, regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risks. South Korea’s economy is heavily dependent on the export of certain finished goods and a decrease in demand for those goods could have a significant negative impact on South Korea’s economy. In addition, political and military tensions between South Korea and North Korea remain tense and such tensions, or the outbreak of military conflict, could have a significant negative effect on the Fund’s investments in South Korea.

Investments in Taiwan
The economy of Taiwan is heavily dependent on exports and key trading partners, including Japan, China, and the United States. Currency fluctuations, increasing competition from Asia’s other emerging economies, spending reductions by key trading partners, and conditions that weaken demand for Taiwan’s export products worldwide could have a negative impact on the Taiwanese economy as a whole. In addition, Taiwan lacks many natural resources, and, as such, price increases, shortages, or volatility in the commodities market could have an adverse effect on Taiwan’s economy. Heightened geopolitical tensions between Taiwan and China, including increased military activity in the Taiwan Strait, present significant risks to Taiwan's economy and financial markets.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Mid-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of other capitalization ranges or the market as a whole. Securities of mid-capitalization companies are often less stable and more vulnerable to market volatility and adverse economic developments than securities of larger companies, but mid-capitalization companies may also underperform the securities of small-capitalization companies because mid-capitalization companies are more mature and are subject to slower growth during economic expansion.

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Models and Data Risk. The Fund uses an investment model to implement its investment strategy. The Fund is subject to the risk that the investment model may not perform as intended, including because the model may not adequately take into consideration certain factors relevant to the Fund’s investment strategy, investments, or the market environment, contains design flaws or incorporates faulty assumptions, or is informed by inaccurate or incomplete data. Errors in the data, assumptions and/or the design of the model may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Sub-Adviser (defined below) or the Adviser for a significant period or at all, which may magnify the adverse effect on the Fund of any investment decisions made in reliance on the erroneous model results. Any of these circumstances may lead to investment decisions or the inclusion or exclusion of securities that adversely affect the value of the Fund.

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Information Technology Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Information Technology Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Information Technology Sector includes, for example, companies that offer software and information technology services, manufacturers and distributors of technology hardware and equipment such as communications equipment, cellular phones, computers and peripherals, electronic equipment and related instruments, and semiconductors and related equipment and materials. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may adversely impact profit margins, the supply and demand for specific products and services, the pace of technological development (including the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning), and government regulation.

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Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities, and financial instruments related to fixed income securities, will decline in value because of an increase in interest rates and changes to other factors, such as perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness. Interest rates may change suddenly or unexpectedly and have unpredictable impacts on the financial markets and the Fund’s investments. To the extent that the Fund holds fixed income securities with longer durations, such securities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the price of a security with an eight-year duration would be expected to drop by approximately 8% in response to a 1% increase in interest rates.

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Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Financials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Financials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Financials Sector includes, for example, companies engaged in banking, financial services, consumer finance, capital markets and insurance activities as well as financial exchanges, financial data providers and mortgage real estate investment trusts. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, changes in interest rates, credit rating downgrades, government regulation, the rate of defaults on corporate, consumer and government debt, and the availability and cost of capital.

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Geopolitical Risk. Some countries and regions in which the Fund invests have experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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■	Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

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Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities, and financial instruments related to fixed income securities, will decline in value because of an increase in interest rates and changes to other factors, such as perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness. Interest rates may change suddenly or unexpectedly and have unpredictable impacts on the financial markets and the Fund’s investments. To the extent that the Fund holds fixed income securities with longer durations, such securities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the price of a security with an eight-year duration would be expected to drop by approximately 8% in response to a 1% increase in interest rates.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a currency or a commodity. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use swaps and other derivative instruments to implement its principal investment strategies. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange the cash flows or values of one specified asset for another. The risks of swaps include, but are not limited to, counterparty credit risk and the potential to increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Fund’s investments and its share price. A futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell assets at a fixed price, but to be delivered and paid for later. Options are financial instruments that provide the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a set price. A forward contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific security or instrument, such as currencies or commodities, on a future date at a price set at the time of contract. Forward contracts settle at the end of the agreement and are traded in the over-the-counter market. In addition to the other risks associated with the use of derivatives described elsewhere in this Prospectus, there are risks associated with the Fund’s use of swaps, including but not limited to: (1) the success of the Adviser’s and Sub-Adviser’s ability to predict movements in the prices of individual currencies or securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in interest rates; (2) an imperfect or no correlation between the changes in market value of the currencies or securities and the prices of swaps; and (3) no guarantee that an active market will exist for swaps at any particular time. Other risks specific to these types of derivatives instruments, as well as other risks of derivatives, generally, such as counterparty and issuer credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk and issuer-specific risk, are described in greater detail elsewhere in the Fund’s Prospectus.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Small-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of small-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to adverse economic developments as well as changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs, and earnings.

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Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives and other instruments that may be less liquid than other types of investments. The derivatives in which the Fund invests may not always be liquid. This could have a negative effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective and may result in losses to Fund shareholders.

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Counterparty Credit Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives and certain other financial instruments involving counterparties to gain exposure to a particular group of securities, index, asset class or other reference asset without actually purchasing those securities or investments, to hedge a position, or for other investment purposes. As a result, the Fund is subject to the risk that such counterparties may default, become unable to pay interest or principal due, or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. In such case, the Fund may not receive the full amount that it is entitled to receive or may experience delays in recovering the collateral or other assets held by, or on behalf of, the counterparty. If this occurs, the value of your shares in the Fund will decrease. In addition, the Fund may enter into derivative transactions with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase the Fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk. Counterparty credit risk also includes the related risk of having potentially significant exposure to such counterparty and the industry in which they operate.

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■	Leveraging Risk. Certain transactions of the Fund, such as the use of derivative instruments, will give rise to leverage, magnifying gains and losses and causing the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged. This means that leverage entails a heightened risk of loss.

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Tax Risk. If positions held by the Fund were treated as “straddles” for federal income tax purposes, or the Fund’s risk of loss with respect to a position was otherwise diminished as set forth in Treasury regulations, dividends on stocks that are a part of such positions would not constitute qualified dividend income subject to such favorable income tax treatment in the hands of non-corporate shareholders or eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders. In addition, generally, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character and timing of the Fund’s recognition of gains and losses with respect to straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that: (1) any loss realized on disposition of one position of a straddle may be deferred to the extent that the Fund has unrealized gains with respect to the other offsetting position in such straddle; (2) the Fund’s holding period in straddle positions be reset if the position has not reached a long-term holding period before the straddle was established and does not begin as long as the straddle exists (possibly resulting in a gain being treated as short-term capital gain rather than long-term capital gain); (3) the losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that are part of a mixed straddle and that are not subject to Section 1256 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital loss; (4) losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses be treated as long-term capital losses; and (5) the deduction of interest and carrying charges attributable to certain straddle positions may be deferred.

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Materials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Materials Sector. This sector includes, for example, metals and mining, chemicals, construction materials, glass, paper and related packaging products and forest product companies. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, commodity price volatility, demand for basic materials, world economic growth, depletion of natural resources, technological progress, and government regulations.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a currency or a commodity. Generally, derivatives are sophisticated investments that may pose risks that are different from or greater than those posed by investing directly in the underlying reference asset. For example, the return on a derivative instrument may not correlate with that of its underlying reference asset, and minimal requisite initial investments necessary to purchase derivatives positions may expose the Fund to losses in excess of those amounts. Derivatives also can be volatile and may be less liquid than other investments. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. The Fund expects to use futures contracts to implement its principal investment strategies. Risks specific to futures contracts, as well as other risks related to the use of derivatives, generally, such as counterparty and issuer credit risk, are described in greater detail elsewhere in the Fund’s Prospectus.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives and other instruments that may be less liquid than other types of investments. The derivatives in which the Fund invests may not always be liquid. This could have a negative effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective and may result in losses to Fund shareholders.

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■	Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

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■	Leveraging Risk. Certain transactions of the Fund, such as the use of derivative instruments, will give rise to leverage, magnifying gains and losses and causing the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged. This means that leverage entails a heightened risk of loss.

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Futures Rolling Risk. The Fund’s investment strategy is subject to risks related to rolling (i.e., replacing expiring futures contracts with new futures contracts). The price of futures contracts further from expiration may be higher (a condition known as “contango”) or lower (a condition known as “backwardation”), which can impact the Fund’s returns.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Financials Sector Risk. The Fund is expected to invest a significant portion of its assets in the Financials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Financials Sector includes, for example, companies engaged in banking, financial services, consumer finance, capital markets and insurance activities as well as financial exchanges, financial data providers and mortgage real estate investment trusts. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, changes in interest rates, credit rating downgrades, government regulation, the rate of defaults on corporate, consumer and government debt, and the availability and cost of capital.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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Models and Data Risk. The Fund uses an investment model to implement its investment strategy. The Fund is subject to the risk that the investment model may not perform as intended, including because the model may not adequately take into consideration certain factors relevant to the Fund’s investment strategy, investments, or the market environment, contains design flaws or incorporates faulty assumptions, or is informed by inaccurate or incomplete data. In addition, the investment model is artificial intelligence-based and designed to identify companies expected to deliver outperformance based on its processing of and identification of patterns in an extensive amount of historical market data. The model's use of artificial intelligence heightens the aforementioned risks. For example, the success of the investment model is primarily driven by its ability to learn from the data input into the model. As a result, the Fund is subject to the risks that the artificial intelligence element fails to learn and develop as expected, reaches erroneous conclusions, and/or is constrained by human intervention in its design or operation. The model's signals may also fail as a result of coding errors, inaccuracies in the data or other information supporting the model, and/or a cybersecurity breach affecting the model or the third-party model provider. The Sub-Adviser (defined below) retains discretion in determining whether and how to implement any outputs generated by the model, and the Sub-Adviser's implementation decisions could affect the success of the Fund's implementation of its strategy. The model may also produce unexpected or anomalous results during periods of significant market volatility or other market disruptions, which may differ materially from the historical data on which the model was trained and could result in losses to the Fund. The aforementioned errors in the data, assumptions and/or the design of the model may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Sub-Adviser or the Adviser for a significant period or at all, which may magnify the adverse effect on the Fund of any investment decisions made in reliance on the erroneous model results. Any of these circumstances may lead to investment decisions or the inclusion or exclusion of securities that adversely affect the value of the Fund.

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■	Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

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■	Leveraging Risk. Certain transactions of the Fund, such as the use of derivative instruments, will give rise to leverage, magnifying gains and losses and causing the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged. This means that leverage entails a heightened risk of loss.

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Tax Risk. If positions held by the Fund were treated as “straddles” for federal income tax purposes, or the Fund’s risk of loss with respect to a position was otherwise diminished as set forth in Treasury regulations, dividends on stocks that are a part of such positions would not constitute qualified dividend income subject to such favorable income tax treatment in the hands of non-corporate shareholders or eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders. In addition, generally, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character and timing of the Fund’s recognition of gains and losses with respect to straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that: (1) any loss realized on disposition of one position of a straddle may be deferred to the extent that the Fund has unrealized gains with respect to the other offsetting position in such straddle; (2) the Fund’s holding period in straddle positions be reset if the position has not reached a long-term holding period before the straddle was established and does not begin as long as the straddle exists (possibly resulting in a gain being treated as short-term capital gain rather than long-term capital gain); (3) the losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that are part of a mixed straddle and that are not subject to Section 1256 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital loss; (4) losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses be treated as long-term capital losses; and (5) the deduction of interest and carrying charges attributable to certain straddle positions may be deferred.

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Healthcare Sector Risk. The Fund is expected to invest a significant portion of its assets in the Healthcare Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Healthcare Sector includes, for example, biotechnology, pharmaceutical, healthcare facilities, and healthcare equipment and supply companies. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, lapsing patent protection, restriction on government reimbursement for medical expenses, technological developments that make drugs obsolete, government regulation, price controls, and approvals for drugs.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in the United States
The economic, political, regulatory and other events and conditions that affect issuers and investments in the United States differ significantly from those associated with other countries and regions. For example, routine political events, such as a presidential election, can have a significant effect on the U.S. markets and lead to periods of increased volatility. U.S. financial markets also have become increasingly globalized, hosting participants from all over the world and on a more macro level, becoming more tightly integrated with financial markets around the world. As a result, U.S. financial markets are also increasingly vulnerable to the risks that may affect non-U.S. financial markets. The imposition of broad-based tariffs and other trade measures by the U.S. government, and retaliatory measures by U.S. trading partners, may create additional uncertainty and volatility in U.S. and global markets. Any event or condition that affects the U.S. economy, whether originating from within or outside of the United States, may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in the United States and thus, the Fund’s performance.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Non-Correlation Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and that of the Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs, while also managing cash flows and potential operational inefficiencies, not incurred by the Index. In addition, when markets are volatile, the ability to sell securities at fair market prices may be adversely affected and may result in additional trading costs and/or increase the non-correlation risk. The Fund’s use of sampling techniques also may affect its ability to achieve close correlation with the Index.

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Small-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to adverse economic developments as well as changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs, and earnings.

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Risk of Investing in BioRevolution Activities. Companies engaged in BioRevolution Activities face intense competition and potentially rapid product obsolescence. These companies may be adversely affected by the loss or impairment of intellectual property rights and other proprietary information or changes in government regulations. The potential for an increased amount of required disclosure or proprietary scientific information could negatively impact the performance of these companies. Additionally, companies engaged in BioRevolution Activities may face increasing regulatory scrutiny in the future, which may limit the development of advancements in genetics and biotechnology and impede the growth of companies that develop and/or utilize this technology.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund may trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in the United States
The economic, political, regulatory and other events and conditions that affect issuers and investments in the United States differ significantly from those associated with other countries and regions. For example, routine political events, such as a presidential election, can have a significant effect on the U.S. markets and lead to periods of increased volatility. U.S. financial markets also have become increasingly globalized, hosting participants from all over the world and on a more macro level, becoming more tightly integrated with financial markets around the world. As a result, U.S. financial markets are also increasingly vulnerable to the risks that may affect non-U.S. financial markets. The imposition of broad-based tariffs and other trade measures by the U.S. government, and retaliatory measures by U.S. trading partners, may create additional uncertainty and volatility in U.S. and global markets. Any event or condition that affects the U.S. economy, whether originating from within or outside of the United States, may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in the United States and thus, the Fund’s performance.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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Mid-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of other capitalization ranges or the market as a whole. Securities of mid-capitalization companies are often less stable and more vulnerable to market volatility and adverse economic developments than securities of larger companies, but mid-capitalization companies may also underperform the securities of small-capitalization companies because mid-capitalization companies are more mature and are subject to slower growth during economic expansion.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Concentration Risk. To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of related industries, the Fund may be adversely affected by the performance of those securities, and more susceptible to adverse economic, market, political, or regulatory occurrences affecting that industry or group of related industries. As of September 30, 2026, the Index constituents, and thus the Fund’s investments, are concentrated in securities issued by companies in one or more of the industries comprising the industry group described below. As such, the Fund is subject to the risks described below. The industries in which the Fund may be concentrated may vary over time.

Software & Services Industry Group
Software and services companies can be significantly affected by competitive pressures, aggressive pricing, technological developments, changing domestic demand, the ability to attract and retain skilled employees, and availability and price of components. The market for products produced by software and services companies is characterized by rapidly changing technology, rapid product obsolescence, cyclical market patterns, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions. An unexpected change in one or more of the technologies affecting an issuer’s products or in the market for products based on a particular technology could have a material adverse effect on a participant’s operating results. Many software and services companies rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secret laws to establish and protect their proprietary rights in their products and technologies.

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ESG Index Data Risk. The Index uses ESG data provided by one or more third-party ESG research firms to exclude certain companies from the composition of the Index based on the ESG exclusionary criteria set forth in the description of the Fund's Principal Investment Strategies. Currently, the Index receives ESG data from Morningstar Sustainalytics. There is not a universally accepted ESG standard or standardized practices for generating ESG data. As a result, the factors and criteria considered when generating ESG data and the results of such ESG research generally will differ across ESG data providers. The evaluation of ESG factors is often subjective and the third-party ESG data providers used by the Index may not identify or evaluate every relevant ESG factor with respect to every Index constituent. As a result, the Index may include constituent companies that do not reflect the beliefs or values of a particular investor and may not be deemed to exhibit favorable ESG characteristics if different metrics or ESG rating agencies were used to evaluate them. Moreover, ESG information and metrics may be limited, unavailable or difficult to obtain. The evaluation of ESG factors and implementation of ESG-related investment restrictions (e.g., screens) rely on the availability of timely, complete, and accurate ESG data reported by issuers and/or third-party research providers. The successful implementation of the ESG component of the Index methodology is therefore dependent in large part on the ESG factors considered and research methodologies employed by the Index's third-party ESG data providers, as well as the timely availability of accurate information. The Index Provider carefully selects its third-party ESG data providers, but due to the specialized resources necessary to obtain ESG-related information underlying or related to the ESG data provided by third-party ESG research firms, the Index Provider does not undertake to, and does not, independently test or verify the factors used or data provided by such firms.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in the United States
The economic, political, regulatory and other events and conditions that affect issuers and investments in the United States differ significantly from those associated with other countries and regions. For example, routine political events, such as a presidential election, can have a significant effect on the U.S. markets and lead to periods of increased volatility. U.S. financial markets also have become increasingly globalized, hosting participants from all over the world and on a more macro level, becoming more tightly integrated with financial markets around the world. As a result, U.S. financial markets are also increasingly vulnerable to the risks that may affect non-U.S. financial markets. The imposition of broad-based tariffs and other trade measures by the U.S. government, and retaliatory measures by U.S. trading partners, may create additional uncertainty and volatility in U.S. and global markets. Any event or condition that affects the U.S. economy, whether originating from within or outside of the United States, may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in the United States and thus, the Fund’s performance.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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Mid-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of other capitalization ranges or the market as a whole. Securities of mid-capitalization companies are often less stable and more vulnerable to market volatility and adverse economic developments than securities of larger companies, but mid-capitalization companies may also underperform the securities of small-capitalization companies because mid-capitalization companies are more mature and are subject to slower growth during economic expansion.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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Concentration Risk. To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of related industries, the Fund may be adversely affected by the performance of those securities, and more susceptible to adverse economic, market, political, or regulatory occurrences affecting that industry or group of related industries. As of September 30, 2026, the Index constituents, and thus the Fund’s investments, are concentrated in securities issued by companies in one or more of the industries comprising the industry group described below. As such, the Fund is subject to the risks described below. The industries in which the Fund may be concentrated may vary over time.

Software & Services Industry Group
Software and services companies can be significantly affected by competitive pressures, aggressive pricing, technological developments, changing domestic demand, the ability to attract and retain skilled employees, and availability and price of components. The market for products produced by software and services companies is characterized by rapidly changing technology, rapid product obsolescence, cyclical market patterns, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions. An unexpected change in one or more of the technologies affecting an issuer’s products or in the market for products based on a particular technology could have a material adverse effect on a participant’s operating results. Many software and services companies rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secret laws to establish and protect their proprietary rights in their products and technologies.

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Growth Investing Risk. Growth stocks, as a group, may be out of favor with the market and underperform value stocks or the overall equity market. Growth stocks are generally more sensitive to market movements than other types of stocks primarily because their prices are based heavily on the future expectations of the economy and the stock’s issuing company.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in the United States
The economic, political, regulatory and other events and conditions that affect issuers and investments in the United States differ significantly from those associated with other countries and regions. For example, routine political events, such as a presidential election, can have a significant effect on the U.S. markets and lead to periods of increased volatility. U.S. financial markets also have become increasingly globalized, hosting participants from all over the world and on a more macro level, becoming more tightly integrated with financial markets around the world. As a result, U.S. financial markets are also increasingly vulnerable to the risks that may affect non-U.S. financial markets. The imposition of broad-based tariffs and other trade measures by the U.S. government, and retaliatory measures by U.S. trading partners, may create additional uncertainty and volatility in U.S. and global markets. Any event or condition that affects the U.S. economy, whether originating from within or outside of the United States, may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in the United States and thus, the Fund’s performance.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, Index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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Risk of Investing in Artificial Intelligence Activities. Companies engaged in Artificial Intelligence Activities typically face intense competition and potentially rapid product obsolescence. These companies are also heavily dependent on intellectual property rights and may be adversely affected by loss or impairment of those rights. Companies engaged in Artificial Intelligence Activities typically invest significant amounts of spending on research and development, and there is no guarantee that the products or services produced by these companies will be successful. Companies that engage in Artificial Intelligence Activities may also face cyberattacks and increasing regulatory scrutiny, which may limit the development of this technology and impede the growth of companies that develop and/or utilize this technology. The customers and/or suppliers of companies engaged in Artificial Intelligence Activities may be concentrated in a particular country, region or industry, and any adverse event affecting one of these countries, regions or industries could have a negative impact on performance.

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You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.

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Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in non-U.S. securities, including depositary receipts, involve political, regulatory, and economic risks that may not be present in investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to currency fluctuations, political or economic instability, or geographic events that adversely impact issuers of foreign securities. Investments in non-U.S. securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These additional risks may make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments and may be heightened in connection with investments in developing or emerging markets countries.

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Market Risk. The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors, such as economic, financial or political events that impact the entire market, market segments, or specific issuers. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States, as well as other countries and regions in which the Fund invests, has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, the Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform the Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments represented in the Index.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value. Risks to foreign investors, such as the Fund, from the restrictive actions of emerging market governments may impact the ability of the Fund to track its Index, which is not subject to such restrictions. If the Fund is no longer able to seek to track the yield and price performance of its Index, the Fund will consider all options available to it, including possibly changing its Index, the performance of which it seeks to track, or its investment objective.

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Risk of Investing in Quantum Computing. Companies engaged in the development of quantum computing or machine learning technology may be significantly impacted by rapid technological advancements, product obsolescence, intense competition, consumer demand, and government regulation. Such companies are also heavily dependent upon patent and intellectual property rights. A company’s success in obtaining or protecting a patent related to quantum computing or machine learning, including the associated costs, are critical factors that may affect such company’s profitability. In addition, tariffs placed on specialized components and/or raw materials used by such companies may increase costs and delay progress associated with research and development in quantum computing and machine learning.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States, as well as other countries and regions in which the Fund invests, has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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■	Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund generally redeems shares for cash or otherwise includes cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind its portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to pay out redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had satisfied such redemption requests with securities held by the Fund (i.e., redeemed its shares in kind). As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than a fund that redeems its shares in kind.

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■	Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

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Concentration Risk. To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of related industries, the Fund may be adversely affected by the performance of those securities, and more susceptible to adverse economic, market, political, or regulatory occurrences affecting that industry or group of related industries. As of September 30, 2026, the Fund’s investments are concentrated in securities issued by companies in one or more of the industries comprising the industry group described below. As such, the Fund is subject to the risks described below. The industries in which the Fund may be concentrated may vary over time.

Companies in Capital Goods Industries

The Capital Goods Industry Group relies heavily on corporate spending and the prices of the securities of companies doing business in the Capital Goods Industry Group may fluctuate widely due to economic cycles and factors affecting manufacturing demands. The Capital Goods Industry Group tends to perform well during times of economic expansion when the demand for capital goods is strong. Conversely, the performance of the Capital Goods Industry Group tends to weaken in economic downturns as a result of low corporate profitability and spending and overall lesser demand for products. Many capital goods are sold internationally, and companies in this industry group may be affected by market conditions in other countries and regions. Legislative or regulatory changes and increased government supervision may also affect companies in the Capital Goods Industry Group.

Companies in Technology Hardware & Equipment Industries

The Technology Hardware & Equipment Industry Group is comprised of companies involved in the manufacturing of communication equipment, computers, electronic components, and other electronic equipment and instruments, as well as distributors of software and technology hardware and equipment. Companies in the industry group may experience effects from industry competition, evolving industry standards, product obsolescence, and changing government regulation. These companies may also be affected by risks that affect the broader Information Technology Sector.

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Communication Services Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Communication Services Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Communication Services Sector consists of companies that facilitate communication and offer content and information through various types of media. These companies include, for example, telecom companies, such as wireless and fixed-line telecommunications service providers, media companies, such as broadcasters, advertisers, publishers, cable and satellite companies, and companies in the movie industry, and other companies that provide internet software, on-line services, social media platforms, video games, and digital entertainment. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, government intervention and regulation, technological innovations that make existing products and services obsolete, and consumer demand.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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Geopolitical Risk. The United States, as well as other countries and regions in which the Fund invests, has experienced and may continue to experience security concerns, war, threats of war, aggression and/or conflict, terrorism, economic uncertainty, sanctions or the threat of sanctions, natural and environmental disasters, the spread of infectious illness, widespread disease or other public health issues and/or systemic market dislocations that lead to increased short-term market volatility, have adverse long-term effects on the U.S. and world economies, and disrupt the orderly functioning of securities markets generally, which may negatively impact the Fund’s investments.

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Industrials Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Industrials Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Industrials Sector includes, for example, aerospace and defense, non-residential construction, engineering, machinery, transportation, and commercial and professional services companies. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, business cycle fluctuations, worldwide economic growth, rapid technological developments, international political and economic developments, exchange rates, commodity prices, environmental issues, government and corporate spending, supply and demand for specific products and manufacturing, and government regulation.

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Non-Correlation Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and that of the Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs, while also managing cash flows and potential operational inefficiencies, not incurred by the Index. In addition, when markets are volatile, the ability to sell securities at fair market prices may be adversely affected and may result in additional trading costs and/or increase the non-correlation risk. The Fund’s use of sampling techniques also may affect its ability to achieve close correlation with the Index.

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Capital Controls and Sanctions Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events, military action and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to foreign government intervention (including intervention by the U.S. government with respect to foreign governments, economic sectors, foreign companies and related securities and interests) and the imposition of capital controls and/or sanctions, which may also include retaliatory actions of one government against another government, such as seizure of assets. Capital controls and/or sanctions include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to own or transfer currency, securities or other assets, which may potentially include derivative instruments related thereto. Capital controls and/or sanctions may also impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell, transfer, receive, deliver or otherwise obtain exposure to, foreign securities or currency, negatively impact the value and/or liquidity of such instruments, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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Information Technology Sector Risk. The Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in the Information Technology Sector, and therefore, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The Information Technology Sector includes, for example, companies that offer software and information technology services, manufacturers and distributors of technology hardware and equipment such as communications equipment, cellular phones, computers and peripherals, electronic equipment and related instruments, and semiconductors and related equipment and materials. This sector can be significantly affected by, among other things, intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may adversely impact profit margins, the supply and demand for specific products and services, the pace of technological development (including the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning), and government regulation.

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Concentration Risk. To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of related industries, the Fund may be adversely affected by the performance of those securities, and more susceptible to adverse economic, market, political, or regulatory occurrences affecting that industry or group of related industries. As of September 30, 2026, the Index constituents, and thus the Fund’s investments, are concentrated in securities issued by companies in one or more of the industries comprising the industry group described below. As such, the Fund is subject to the risks described below. The industries in which the Fund may be concentrated may vary over time.

Companies in Capital Goods Industries
The Capital Goods Industry Group relies heavily on corporate spending and the prices of the securities of companies doing business in the Capital Goods Industry Group may fluctuate widely due to economic cycles and factors affecting manufacturing demands. The Capital Goods Industry Group tends to perform well during times of economic expansion when the demand for capital goods is strong. Conversely, the performance of the Capital Goods Industry Group tends to weaken in economic downturns as a result of low corporate profitability and spending and overall lesser demand for products. Many capital goods are sold internationally, and companies in this industry group may be affected by market conditions in other countries and regions. Legislative or regulatory changes and increased government supervision may also affect companies in the Capital Goods Industry Group.

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Stock Connect Risk. The Fund’s ability to invest in China A-Shares through Stock Connect, or on such other stock exchanges in China that participate in Stock Connect from time to time or in the future, is subject to trading limits, rules and regulations by the applicable regulatory authority. These restrictions and regulations may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. For example, daily quotas that limit the Fund’s maximum daily net purchases through Stock Connect may restrict the Fund’s ability to invest in A-Shares through Stock Connect on a timely basis. Investments through Stock Connect are also subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in mainland China. Stock Connect only operates on days when both the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banks in both markets are open on the corresponding settlement days. Accordingly, the Fund may be subject to price fluctuations at times when Stock Connect is not open for trading. Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, Shanghai Stock Exchange, and Shenzhen Stock Exchange also reserve the right to suspend trading through Stock Connect, if necessary, to ensure an orderly and fair market and manage risks prudently. Halts may adversely affect the Fund’s access to the PRC market. The Fund will not benefit from the China Securities Investor Protection Fund in mainland China. That said, if the Fund suffers losses due to default matters of its securities brokers in Hong Kong in relation to the investment of China A-Shares through Stock Connect, it would be compensated by Hong Kong’s Investor Compensation Fund. Investing through Stock Connect is also premised on the proper functioning of operational systems maintained by each market participant and the connectivity of differing securities regimes and legal systems in the PRC and Hong Kong. Investments through Stock Connect are also governed by departmental regulations that have legal effect in the PRC but have not been tested in the PRC courts. Moreover, the current regulations are subject to change. There can be no assurance that Stock Connect will not be abolished. The Fund, which may invest in the PRC markets through Stock Connect, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.

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■	Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to loss, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

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Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of the Fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV, and there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV (premium) or less than the NAV (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. Because certain of the investments held by the Fund trade on, or have exposure to, foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs. Additionally, in stressed market conditions, the market for the Fund’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings.

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Cybersecurity Risk. The Fund and its service providers may be susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a breach in cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks. A breach in cybersecurity, intentional or unintentional, may adversely impact the Fund in many ways, including, but not limited to, disruption of the Fund’s operational capacity, loss of proprietary information, theft or corruption of data, denial-of-service attacks on websites or network resources, and the unauthorized release of confidential information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund’s third-party service providers, market makers, institutional investors authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund (i.e., Authorized Participants), or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may subject the Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence technologies could increase the effectiveness of cyber-attacks and exacerbate the risks.

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■	Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

Investments in India
Political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy in India could significantly affect the market in India and in surrounding or related countries and could have a negative impact on the Fund's performance. While the Indian government has implemented economic structural reforms designed to liberalize many aspects of India's economy, there can be no assurance that these policies will be successful or continue. The Indian economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as the rate of growth of gross domestic product, the rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. India is also subject to religious and social unrest as well as border disputes with neighboring countries such as Pakistan and China.

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Index and Data Risk. The Fund seeks to track the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index may not perform as intended. The Index Provider has the right to make adjustments to the composition and/or operation of the Index or to cease making the Index available without regard to the particular interests of the Fund or its shareholders. If the computers or other facilities of the Index Provider, index calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason, calculation and dissemination of Index values may be delayed and trading in Fund shares may be suspended for a period of time. Errors in Index data, Index calculations and/or the construction of the Index may occur from time to time and may not be identified and/or corrected by the Index Provider, index calculation agent, or any other party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Index as well as the Fund and its shareholders. The potential risk of a continuing error may be particularly heightened in the case of the Index, which is generally not used as a benchmark by other funds or managers.

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Large-Capitalization Investing Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of large-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected if securities of these companies underperform securities of smaller capitalization companies or the market as a whole. Large-capitalization companies may adapt more slowly to new competitive challenges and be subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion.

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Non-Correlation Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and that of the Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs, while also managing cash flows and potential operational inefficiencies, not incurred by the Index. In addition, when markets are volatile, the ability to sell securities at fair market prices may be adversely affected and may result in additional trading costs and/or increase the non-correlation risk. The Fund’s use of sampling techniques also may affect its ability to achieve close correlation with the Index.

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Capital Controls and Sanctions Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events, military action and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to foreign government intervention (including intervention by the U.S. government with respect to foreign governments, economic sectors, foreign companies and related securities and interests) and the imposition of capital controls and/or sanctions, which may also include retaliatory actions of one government against another government, such as seizure of assets. Capital controls and/or sanctions include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to own or transfer currency, securities or other assets, which may potentially include derivative instruments related thereto. Capital controls and/or sanctions may also impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell, transfer, receive, deliver or otherwise obtain exposure to, foreign securities or currency, negatively impact the value and/or liquidity of such instruments, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund.