Note 10 — Debt, net

Recourse debt is debt where the lender may pursue repayment beyond the value of any pledged collateral and is generally secured by general assets of the Company. Non-recourse debt is debt where the lender’s ability to pursue repayment from the Company is limited to the value of the specific assets collateralized by the debt.

Corporate and other – Recourse

North American revolving credit facility

As of August 31, 2026, a $600.0 million revolving line of credit existed to provide working capital and interim financing of equipment, principally for the Company’s U.S. and Mexican operations. The North American revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all the Company’s U.S. assets not otherwise pledged as security for term loans, the warehouse credit facility or the railcar asset-backed securities. The North American revolving credit facility had $428.5 million available for borrowing as of August 31, 2026. Available borrowings are generally based on defined levels of eligible inventory, receivables, property, plant and equipment and leased equipment, as well as total debt to consolidated capitalization and fixed charges coverage ratios. Outstanding commitments under the North American revolving credit facility included letters of credit which totaled $51.1 million and $5.4 million as of August 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Advances bear interest at SOFR plus 1.50% or Prime plus 0.50% depending on the type of borrowing. The North American revolving credit facility matures in May 2030.

European revolving credit facilities

As of August 31, 2026, lines of credit totaling $130.5 million secured by certain of the Company’s European assets, were available for working capital needs of the Company’s European manufacturing operations. The European revolving credit facilities had $37.7 million available for borrowing as of August 31, 2026. The European lines of credit include $59.0 million which is guaranteed by the Company. The European revolving credit facilities have

variable rates that range from WIBOR plus 1.20% to WIBOR plus 1.25% and EURIBOR plus 1.00% to EURIBOR plus 1.90%. European revolving credit facilities are regularly renewed and currently have maturities that range from October 2026 through September 2028.

Mexican revolving credit facilities

As of August 31, 2026, the Company’s Mexican railcar manufacturing operations had lines of credit totaling $156.0 million for working capital needs, $56.0 million of which the Company and its joint venture partner have each guaranteed 50%. The Mexican revolving credit facilities had $136.0 million available for borrowing as of August 31, 2026. Advances under these facilities bear interest at variable rates that range from SOFR plus 2.00% to SOFR plus 3.80%. The Mexican revolving credit facilities have maturities that range from January 2027 through July 2029.

Corporate senior term debt

The Corporate senior term debt bears a floating interest rate of SOFR plus 1.50%. Interest rate swap agreements cover approximately 70% of the principal balance to swap the floating interest rate to fixed rates. Principal payments of $3.1 million are to be paid quarterly in arrears with a balloon payment of $190.6 million due upon maturity. The Corporate senior term debt matures in May 2030.

2.875% Convertible senior notes, due 2028 (2028 Convertible Notes)

The 2028 Convertible Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 2.875%, paid semiannually in arrears on April 15th and October 15th. Issuance costs are amortized using the effective interest rate method through 2028 and the amortization expense is included in Interest and foreign exchange on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income. As of August 31, 2026, the effective interest rate was 5.75%. The convertible notes mature on April 15, 2028, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The convertible notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with other senior unsecured debt. The notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, at a conversion rate of 18.2140 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $54.90 per share. The conversion rate and the resulting conversion price are subject to adjustment in certain events, such as distributions, dividends or stock splits. Conversion of the par value of the note will be settled in cash, with any premium convertible in cash or shares at the Company’s option. Upon a conversion of the notes, the Company may elect to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash and, if applicable, shares of the Company’s common stock, as provided in the 2028 Notes Indenture (as defined below). As of August 31, 2026, the Company has reserved approximately 8.1 million shares for issuance upon conversion of these notes.

The 2028 Convertible Notes are subject to an indenture entered into on April 20, 2021 by the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, as amended and restated by the first supplemental indenture dated June 1, 2021 (2028 Notes Indenture). The 2028 Convertible Notes are convertible at the option of the holders prior to January 15, 2028, under certain circumstances as described in the 2028 Notes Indenture. Additionally, the Company may elect to call the notes on or after April 15, 2025 and on or before the 40th trading day prior to April 15, 2028, at a cash redemption price described in the 2028 Notes Indenture if the stock price exceeds 130% of the conversion price during certain trading days as defined in the 2028 Notes Indenture. Calling any Convertible Note for redemption will constitute a make-whole fundamental change with respect to that Convertible Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that Convertible Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.

Lease fleet – Non-recourse

Leasing warehouse credit facility

As of August 31, 2026, a $450.0 million non-recourse warehouse credit facility existed to support the operations of our leasing business in North America. Advances under the warehouse credit facility are secured by a pool of leased railcars and bear interest at SOFR plus 1.70%. The warehouse credit facility converts to a term loan in September 2027 and matures in September 2029.

Leasing senior term debt

The Leasing senior term debt was amended in May 2026 on similar terms, providing for an additional $125.0 million available under a delayed draw facility through November 2026 and extending the maturity date from August 2027 to May 2032. The Leasing senior term debt is secured by a pool of leased railcars and bears interest at a rate of SOFR plus 1.625%, with principal of $2.6 million paid quarterly in arrears and a balloon payment of $237.0 million due upon maturity. Interest rate swap agreements cover nearly 100% of the principal balance to swap the floating interest rate to fixed rates.

Leasing GBXL I asset-backed term notes

GBX Leasing 2022-1 LLC (GBXL I or Issuer) was formed as a wholly owned special purpose entity of GBX Leasing, LLC to securitize leased railcar assets. GBXL I issued $323.3 million of term notes in February 2022 (2022 GBXL Notes), $178.5 million of term notes in November 2023 (2023 GBXL Notes), and $300.0 million of term notes in February 2026 (2026 GBXL Notes), which are secured by a portfolio of railcars and associated operating leases and other assets, acquired and owned by GBXL I. GBX Leasing used a portion of the net proceeds received from the issuance of the 2026 GBXL Notes to pay down the Leasing warehouse credit facility.

The 2022 GBXL Notes include the GBXL I Series 2022-1 Class A Secured Railcar Equipment Notes (2022 Class A Notes) and GBXL I Series 2022-1 Class B Secured Railcar Equipment Notes (2022 Class B Notes), which bear interest at fixed rates of 2.87% and 3.45%, respectively. The 2022 GBXL Notes are payable monthly, with a contractual maturity date of February 20, 2052 and an anticipated repayment date of January 20, 2029. While the contractual maturity date is in 2052, the cash flows generated from the railcar assets will pay down the 2022 GBXL Notes in line with the agreement, which based on expected cash flow payments, would result in repayment in advance of the contractual maturity date.

The 2023 GBXL Notes include the GBXL I Series 2023-1 Class A Secured Railcar Equipment Notes (2023 Class A Notes) and GBXL I Series 2023-1 Class B Secured Railcar Equipment Notes (2023 Class B Notes), which bear interest at fixed rates of 6.42% and 7.28%, respectively. The 2023 GBXL Notes are payable monthly, with a contractual maturity date of November 20, 2053 and an anticipated repayment date of November 20, 2030. While the contractual maturity date is in 2053, the cash flows generated from the railcar assets will pay down the 2023 GBXL Notes in line with the agreement, which based on expected cash flow payments, would result in repayment in advance of the contractual maturity date.

The 2026 GBXL Notes include the GBXL I Series 2026-1 Class A Secured Railcar Equipment Notes (2026 Class A Notes) and GBXL I Series 2026-1 Class B Secured Railcar Equipment Notes (2026 Class B Notes), which bear interest at fixed rates of 5.13% and 5.30%, respectively. The 2026 GBXL Notes are payable monthly, with a contractual maturity date of February 22, 2056 and an anticipated repayment date of February 21, 2033. While the contractual maturity date is in 2056, the cash flows generated from the railcar assets will pay down the 2026 GBXL Notes in line with the agreement, which based on expected cash flow payments, would result in repayment in advance of the contractual maturity date.

If the principal amount of the GBXL Notes has not been repaid in full by the anticipated repayment date, then the Issuer will also be required to pay additional interest to the holders at a rate equal to 4.00% per annum. The GBXL Notes are obligations of the Issuer only and are non-recourse to Greenbrier. The GBXL Notes are subject to a Master Indenture between the Issuer and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, as supplemented by the Series 2022-1 Supplement dated February 9, 2022, the Series 2023-1 Supplement dated November 20, 2023, and the Series 2026-1 Supplement dated February 4, 2026. The GBXL Notes may be subject to acceleration upon the occurrence of certain events of default.

The recourse and non-recourse debt contains certain covenants with respect to the Company and various subsidiaries, the most restrictive of which, among other things, limit the ability to: incur additional indebtedness or guarantees; pay dividends or repurchase stock; enter into finance leases; create liens; sell assets; engage in transactions with affiliates, including joint ventures and non U.S. subsidiaries, including but not limited to loans, advances, equity investments and guarantees; enter into mergers, consolidations or sales of substantially all the Company’s assets; and enter into new lines of business. The covenants also require certain maximum ratios of debt to total capitalization and minimum levels of fixed charges (interest and rent) coverage.