This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same as shown in the preceding table. The Example also takes into account that the investment adviser’s contractual agreement to waive its investment advisory fees and/or to absorb or reimburse Fund expenses remains in effect only until November 1, 2027. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

The Fund incurs transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate will result in higher transaction costs for the Fund and may also result in higher taxes for shareholders who hold Fund shares in taxable accounts. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, reduce the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 410% of the average value of its portfolio.

This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same as shown in the preceding table. The Example also takes into account that the investment adviser’s contractual agreement to waive its investment advisory fees and/or to absorb or reimburse Fund expenses remains in effect only until November 1, 2027. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

The Fund incurs transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate will result in higher transaction costs for the Fund and may also result in higher taxes for shareholders who hold Fund shares in taxable accounts. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, reduce the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 204% of the average value of its portfolio.