Leases
Sep. 30, 2026
statements for information about lease accounting standards that set principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and
disclosure of leases for both parties to a lease agreement (i.e., lessees and lessors).
Leases in which we are the lessor
As of September 30, 2026, we had 328 properties aggregating 36.5 million operating RSF in key cluster locations, including
Greater Boston, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Maryland, Research Triangle, and New York City. We primarily focus
on developing Class A/A+ properties in AAA life science and advanced technology innovation clusters that offer the scale and strategic
design integral to our Megacampus strategy. Strategically located near top academic and medical research institutions, our
Megacampus ecosystems feature curated amenities and services and convenient access to transit, creating environments that help our
tenants attract and retain top talent.
As of September 30, 2026, all leases in which we are the lessor were classified as operating leases, with the exception of one
direct financing and one sales-type lease. Our leases are described below.
Operating leases
As of September 30, 2026, our 328 properties were subject to operating lease agreements. Five of these properties are
subject to operating lease agreements that each contain a purchase option as described below:
(i)Two of these properties, representing two land parcels in the San Francisco Bay Area market, are subject to lease
agreements that each contain an option for the lessee to purchase the underlying asset from us at fair market value during
each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017. The remaining lease term related to each of the two land parcels is 66.2 years.
(ii)Two operating properties in the Seattle market, held by a consolidated real estate joint venture, are subject to purchase
options held by our partner in this joint venture, which is also a tenant at these properties. One purchase option allows our
partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $40.0 million in 2031. Contingent upon the exercise of this option,
the second purchase option allows our partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $69.1 million in 2034. Our
partner’s remaining lease terms for these operating leases are 6.4 years and 18.0 years, respectively.
(iii)One property subject to an operating lease agreement contains a purchase option exercisable at fair market value in
March 2034.
Certain operating leases contain options for tenants to extend their leases at prevailing market rates at the time of expiration.
In addition, certain operating leases contain an early termination option that requires advance notification and payment of an early
termination fee by the tenant.
At the commencement of each lease, we establish the lease term comprising the noncancelable period for each lease together
with periods covered by options to extend or terminate the lease that we determine the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Our
assessment of whether a lessee is reasonably certain to exercise or not exercise an option considers all economic factors relevant to
the assessment, including property-based, market-based, and tenant-based factors. We do not reassess the lease term or a lessee
option to purchase the underlying asset unless there is a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate contract.
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our operating lease agreements, excluding expense
reimbursements, in effect as of September 30, 2026 are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Amount | |
2026 | $391,858 | |
2027 | 1,529,103 | |
2028 | 1,423,920 | |
2029 | 1,329,663 | |
2030 | 1,259,699 | |
Thereafter | 8,116,482 | |
Total | $14,050,725 |
Refer to Note 3 – “Investments in real estate” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information
about our owned real estate assets, which are the underlying assets under our operating leases.
Direct financing and sales-type leases
As of September 30, 2026, we have one direct financing lease agreement, with a net investment balance of $43.2 million, for a
parking structure with a remaining lease term of 66.2 years. The lessee has an option to purchase the underlying asset at fair market
value during each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017.
As of September 30, 2026, we also have one sales-type lease for a property in the Seattle market. As of September 30, 2026,
the net investment in this lease is $16.9 million. At the end of the lease term in 2026, title to the property under this lease will transfer to
the tenant for a sales price of approximately $18.5 million.
As of September 30, 2026, our estimated provision for expected credit losses related to our direct financing and sales-type
leases aggregated $1.8 million, which was predominantly related to our direct financing lease. We estimate the provision for expected
credit losses related to our direct financing lease using a probability of default methodology, which incorporates the borrower’s
investment-grade credit rating from S&P Global Ratings, to evaluate the probability of default. Additionally, we incorporate the projected
value of the real estate securing the investments to estimate potential recoveries in the event of default, among other inputs. The
estimate of the expected credit loss related to our sales-type lease was determined using historical industry losses and transaction-
specific information, including the estimated fair value of the underlying real estate asset securing this transaction, the short-term nature
of this lease, and other available information. For further details, refer to “Provision for expected credit losses” in Note 2 – “Summary of
significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
The components of our aggregate net investment in our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026 and
December 31, 2025 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||
Gross investment in direct financing and sales-type leases | $264,805 | $265,839 | |
Less: unearned income on direct financing lease | (202,985) | (205,037) | |
Less: provision for expected credit losses | (1,817) | (1,817) | |
Net investment in leases | $60,003 | $58,985 |
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026
are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $17,412 | |
2027 | 2,097 | |
2028 | 2,160 | |
2029 | 2,224 | |
2030 | 2,291 | |
Thereafter | 238,621 | |
Total | $264,805 |
Income from rentals
Our income from rentals includes revenue related to agreements for the rental of our real estate, which primarily includes
revenues subject to the lease accounting standard and the revenue recognition accounting standard as shown below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Income from rentals: | ||||||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard: | ||||||||
Operating leases | $641,492 | $722,643 | $1,911,559 | $2,176,999 | ||||
Direct financing and sales-type leases | 686 | 1,409 | 2,542 | 3,308 | ||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard | 642,178 | 724,052 | 1,914,101 | 2,180,307 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard | 11,440 | 11,797 | 35,740 | 35,996 | ||||
Income from rentals | $653,618 | $735,849 | $1,949,841 | $2,216,303 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard and classified in income from rentals consist primarily of
short-term parking revenues that are not considered lease revenues under the lease accounting standard. Refer to “Revenues” and
“Recognition of revenue arising from contracts with customers” in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our
unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Residual value risk management strategy
Our leases do not have guarantees of residual value on the underlying assets. We manage risk associated with the residual
value of our leased assets by (i) evaluating each potential acquisition of real estate to determine whether it meets our business
objective to invest primarily in high-demand markets, (ii) directly managing our leased properties, conducting frequent property
inspections, proactively addressing potential maintenance issues, and/or timely resolving any occurring issues, and (iii) carefully
selecting our tenants and monitoring their credit quality throughout their respective lease terms.
Leases in which we are the lessee
Operating lease agreements
We have ground and office operating lease agreements in which we are the lessee. Certain of these leases have options to
extend or terminate the contract terms upon meeting certain criteria. There are no notable restrictions or covenants imposed by the
leases, nor guarantees of residual value.
We recognize a right-of-use asset, which is classified within other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and a related
liability, which is classified within accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, to
account for our future obligations under ground and office lease arrangements in which we are the lessee. Refer to “Lessee accounting”
in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
As of September 30, 2026, the present value of the remaining contractual payments aggregating $754.4 million under our
operating lease agreements, including our extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise, was $354.0 million. Our
corresponding operating lease right-of-use assets, adjusted for initial direct leasing costs and other consideration exchanged with the
landlord prior to the commencement of the lease, aggregated $686.2 million. As of September 30, 2026, the weighted-average
remaining lease term of operating leases in which we are the lessee was approximately 60 years, including extension options that we
are reasonably certain to exercise, and the weighted-average discount rate was 4.7%. The weighted-average discount rate is based on
the incremental borrowing rate estimated for each lease, which is the interest rate that we estimate we would have to pay to borrow on
a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments.
Ground lease obligations as of September 30, 2026 included leases for 31 of our properties, which accounted for
approximately 9% of our total number of properties. Our ground lease obligations have remaining lease terms ranging from
approximately 28 to 97 years, including extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise.
The reconciliation of future lease payments under noncancelable operating leases in which we are the lessee to the operating
lease liability reflected in our unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2026 is in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $4,989 | |
2027 | 21,003 | |
2028 | 21,318 | |
2029 | 20,825 | |
2030 | 20,743 | |
Thereafter | 665,496 | |
Total future payments under our operating leases in which we are the lessee | 754,374 | |
Effect of discounting | (400,346) | |
Operating lease liability | $354,028 |
Lessee operating costs
Operating lease costs relate to our ground and office leases in which we are the lessee. Ground leases generally require fixed
annual rent payments and may also include escalation clauses and renewal options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2026
and 2025, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for leases in which
we are the lessee aggregated $18.0 million and $165.2 million, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to the ground lease
prepayment of $135.0 million made in January 2025 for a 24-year lease term extension to our existing ground lease agreement at the
Alexandria Technology Square® Megacampus in our Cambridge submarket.
Our operating lease obligations related to our office leases have remaining terms of up to 10 years, exclusive of extension
options. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, our costs for operating leases in which we are the lessee
were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Gross operating lease costs | $8,006 | $11,525 | $24,426 | $36,743 | ||||
Capitalized lease costs | (1,027) | (880) | (2,872) | (2,293) | ||||
Expenses for operating leases in which we are the lessee | $6,979 | $10,645 | $21,554 | $34,450 | ||||
statements for information about lease accounting standards that set principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and
disclosure of leases for both parties to a lease agreement (i.e., lessees and lessors).
Leases in which we are the lessor
As of September 30, 2026, we had 328 properties aggregating 36.5 million operating RSF in key cluster locations, including
Greater Boston, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Maryland, Research Triangle, and New York City. We primarily focus
on developing Class A/A+ properties in AAA life science and advanced technology innovation clusters that offer the scale and strategic
design integral to our Megacampus strategy. Strategically located near top academic and medical research institutions, our
Megacampus ecosystems feature curated amenities and services and convenient access to transit, creating environments that help our
tenants attract and retain top talent.
As of September 30, 2026, all leases in which we are the lessor were classified as operating leases, with the exception of one
direct financing and one sales-type lease. Our leases are described below.
Operating leases
As of September 30, 2026, our 328 properties were subject to operating lease agreements. Five of these properties are
subject to operating lease agreements that each contain a purchase option as described below:
(i)Two of these properties, representing two land parcels in the San Francisco Bay Area market, are subject to lease
agreements that each contain an option for the lessee to purchase the underlying asset from us at fair market value during
each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017. The remaining lease term related to each of the two land parcels is 66.2 years.
(ii)Two operating properties in the Seattle market, held by a consolidated real estate joint venture, are subject to purchase
options held by our partner in this joint venture, which is also a tenant at these properties. One purchase option allows our
partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $40.0 million in 2031. Contingent upon the exercise of this option,
the second purchase option allows our partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $69.1 million in 2034. Our
partner’s remaining lease terms for these operating leases are 6.4 years and 18.0 years, respectively.
(iii)One property subject to an operating lease agreement contains a purchase option exercisable at fair market value in
March 2034.
Certain operating leases contain options for tenants to extend their leases at prevailing market rates at the time of expiration.
In addition, certain operating leases contain an early termination option that requires advance notification and payment of an early
termination fee by the tenant.
At the commencement of each lease, we establish the lease term comprising the noncancelable period for each lease together
with periods covered by options to extend or terminate the lease that we determine the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Our
assessment of whether a lessee is reasonably certain to exercise or not exercise an option considers all economic factors relevant to
the assessment, including property-based, market-based, and tenant-based factors. We do not reassess the lease term or a lessee
option to purchase the underlying asset unless there is a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate contract.
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our operating lease agreements, excluding expense
reimbursements, in effect as of September 30, 2026 are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Amount | |
2026 | $391,858 | |
2027 | 1,529,103 | |
2028 | 1,423,920 | |
2029 | 1,329,663 | |
2030 | 1,259,699 | |
Thereafter | 8,116,482 | |
Total | $14,050,725 |
Refer to Note 3 – “Investments in real estate” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information
about our owned real estate assets, which are the underlying assets under our operating leases.
Direct financing and sales-type leases
As of September 30, 2026, we have one direct financing lease agreement, with a net investment balance of $43.2 million, for a
parking structure with a remaining lease term of 66.2 years. The lessee has an option to purchase the underlying asset at fair market
value during each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017.
As of September 30, 2026, we also have one sales-type lease for a property in the Seattle market. As of September 30, 2026,
the net investment in this lease is $16.9 million. At the end of the lease term in 2026, title to the property under this lease will transfer to
the tenant for a sales price of approximately $18.5 million.
As of September 30, 2026, our estimated provision for expected credit losses related to our direct financing and sales-type
leases aggregated $1.8 million, which was predominantly related to our direct financing lease. We estimate the provision for expected
credit losses related to our direct financing lease using a probability of default methodology, which incorporates the borrower’s
investment-grade credit rating from S&P Global Ratings, to evaluate the probability of default. Additionally, we incorporate the projected
value of the real estate securing the investments to estimate potential recoveries in the event of default, among other inputs. The
estimate of the expected credit loss related to our sales-type lease was determined using historical industry losses and transaction-
specific information, including the estimated fair value of the underlying real estate asset securing this transaction, the short-term nature
of this lease, and other available information. For further details, refer to “Provision for expected credit losses” in Note 2 – “Summary of
significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
The components of our aggregate net investment in our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026 and
December 31, 2025 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||
Gross investment in direct financing and sales-type leases | $264,805 | $265,839 | |
Less: unearned income on direct financing lease | (202,985) | (205,037) | |
Less: provision for expected credit losses | (1,817) | (1,817) | |
Net investment in leases | $60,003 | $58,985 |
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026
are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $17,412 | |
2027 | 2,097 | |
2028 | 2,160 | |
2029 | 2,224 | |
2030 | 2,291 | |
Thereafter | 238,621 | |
Total | $264,805 |
Income from rentals
Our income from rentals includes revenue related to agreements for the rental of our real estate, which primarily includes
revenues subject to the lease accounting standard and the revenue recognition accounting standard as shown below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Income from rentals: | ||||||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard: | ||||||||
Operating leases | $641,492 | $722,643 | $1,911,559 | $2,176,999 | ||||
Direct financing and sales-type leases | 686 | 1,409 | 2,542 | 3,308 | ||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard | 642,178 | 724,052 | 1,914,101 | 2,180,307 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard | 11,440 | 11,797 | 35,740 | 35,996 | ||||
Income from rentals | $653,618 | $735,849 | $1,949,841 | $2,216,303 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard and classified in income from rentals consist primarily of
short-term parking revenues that are not considered lease revenues under the lease accounting standard. Refer to “Revenues” and
“Recognition of revenue arising from contracts with customers” in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our
unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Residual value risk management strategy
Our leases do not have guarantees of residual value on the underlying assets. We manage risk associated with the residual
value of our leased assets by (i) evaluating each potential acquisition of real estate to determine whether it meets our business
objective to invest primarily in high-demand markets, (ii) directly managing our leased properties, conducting frequent property
inspections, proactively addressing potential maintenance issues, and/or timely resolving any occurring issues, and (iii) carefully
selecting our tenants and monitoring their credit quality throughout their respective lease terms.
Leases in which we are the lessee
Operating lease agreements
We have ground and office operating lease agreements in which we are the lessee. Certain of these leases have options to
extend or terminate the contract terms upon meeting certain criteria. There are no notable restrictions or covenants imposed by the
leases, nor guarantees of residual value.
We recognize a right-of-use asset, which is classified within other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and a related
liability, which is classified within accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, to
account for our future obligations under ground and office lease arrangements in which we are the lessee. Refer to “Lessee accounting”
in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
As of September 30, 2026, the present value of the remaining contractual payments aggregating $754.4 million under our
operating lease agreements, including our extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise, was $354.0 million. Our
corresponding operating lease right-of-use assets, adjusted for initial direct leasing costs and other consideration exchanged with the
landlord prior to the commencement of the lease, aggregated $686.2 million. As of September 30, 2026, the weighted-average
remaining lease term of operating leases in which we are the lessee was approximately 60 years, including extension options that we
are reasonably certain to exercise, and the weighted-average discount rate was 4.7%. The weighted-average discount rate is based on
the incremental borrowing rate estimated for each lease, which is the interest rate that we estimate we would have to pay to borrow on
a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments.
Ground lease obligations as of September 30, 2026 included leases for 31 of our properties, which accounted for
approximately 9% of our total number of properties. Our ground lease obligations have remaining lease terms ranging from
approximately 28 to 97 years, including extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise.
The reconciliation of future lease payments under noncancelable operating leases in which we are the lessee to the operating
lease liability reflected in our unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2026 is in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $4,989 | |
2027 | 21,003 | |
2028 | 21,318 | |
2029 | 20,825 | |
2030 | 20,743 | |
Thereafter | 665,496 | |
Total future payments under our operating leases in which we are the lessee | 754,374 | |
Effect of discounting | (400,346) | |
Operating lease liability | $354,028 |
Lessee operating costs
Operating lease costs relate to our ground and office leases in which we are the lessee. Ground leases generally require fixed
annual rent payments and may also include escalation clauses and renewal options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2026
and 2025, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for leases in which
we are the lessee aggregated $18.0 million and $165.2 million, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to the ground lease
prepayment of $135.0 million made in January 2025 for a 24-year lease term extension to our existing ground lease agreement at the
Alexandria Technology Square® Megacampus in our Cambridge submarket.
Our operating lease obligations related to our office leases have remaining terms of up to 10 years, exclusive of extension
options. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, our costs for operating leases in which we are the lessee
were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Gross operating lease costs | $8,006 | $11,525 | $24,426 | $36,743 | ||||
Capitalized lease costs | (1,027) | (880) | (2,872) | (2,293) | ||||
Expenses for operating leases in which we are the lessee | $6,979 | $10,645 | $21,554 | $34,450 | ||||
statements for information about lease accounting standards that set principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and
disclosure of leases for both parties to a lease agreement (i.e., lessees and lessors).
Leases in which we are the lessor
As of September 30, 2026, we had 328 properties aggregating 36.5 million operating RSF in key cluster locations, including
Greater Boston, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Maryland, Research Triangle, and New York City. We primarily focus
on developing Class A/A+ properties in AAA life science and advanced technology innovation clusters that offer the scale and strategic
design integral to our Megacampus strategy. Strategically located near top academic and medical research institutions, our
Megacampus ecosystems feature curated amenities and services and convenient access to transit, creating environments that help our
tenants attract and retain top talent.
As of September 30, 2026, all leases in which we are the lessor were classified as operating leases, with the exception of one
direct financing and one sales-type lease. Our leases are described below.
Operating leases
As of September 30, 2026, our 328 properties were subject to operating lease agreements. Five of these properties are
subject to operating lease agreements that each contain a purchase option as described below:
(i)Two of these properties, representing two land parcels in the San Francisco Bay Area market, are subject to lease
agreements that each contain an option for the lessee to purchase the underlying asset from us at fair market value during
each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017. The remaining lease term related to each of the two land parcels is 66.2 years.
(ii)Two operating properties in the Seattle market, held by a consolidated real estate joint venture, are subject to purchase
options held by our partner in this joint venture, which is also a tenant at these properties. One purchase option allows our
partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $40.0 million in 2031. Contingent upon the exercise of this option,
the second purchase option allows our partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $69.1 million in 2034. Our
partner’s remaining lease terms for these operating leases are 6.4 years and 18.0 years, respectively.
(iii)One property subject to an operating lease agreement contains a purchase option exercisable at fair market value in
March 2034.
Certain operating leases contain options for tenants to extend their leases at prevailing market rates at the time of expiration.
In addition, certain operating leases contain an early termination option that requires advance notification and payment of an early
termination fee by the tenant.
At the commencement of each lease, we establish the lease term comprising the noncancelable period for each lease together
with periods covered by options to extend or terminate the lease that we determine the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Our
assessment of whether a lessee is reasonably certain to exercise or not exercise an option considers all economic factors relevant to
the assessment, including property-based, market-based, and tenant-based factors. We do not reassess the lease term or a lessee
option to purchase the underlying asset unless there is a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate contract.
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our operating lease agreements, excluding expense
reimbursements, in effect as of September 30, 2026 are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Amount | |
2026 | $391,858 | |
2027 | 1,529,103 | |
2028 | 1,423,920 | |
2029 | 1,329,663 | |
2030 | 1,259,699 | |
Thereafter | 8,116,482 | |
Total | $14,050,725 |
Refer to Note 3 – “Investments in real estate” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information
about our owned real estate assets, which are the underlying assets under our operating leases.
Direct financing and sales-type leases
As of September 30, 2026, we have one direct financing lease agreement, with a net investment balance of $43.2 million, for a
parking structure with a remaining lease term of 66.2 years. The lessee has an option to purchase the underlying asset at fair market
value during each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017.
As of September 30, 2026, we also have one sales-type lease for a property in the Seattle market. As of September 30, 2026,
the net investment in this lease is $16.9 million. At the end of the lease term in 2026, title to the property under this lease will transfer to
the tenant for a sales price of approximately $18.5 million.
As of September 30, 2026, our estimated provision for expected credit losses related to our direct financing and sales-type
leases aggregated $1.8 million, which was predominantly related to our direct financing lease. We estimate the provision for expected
credit losses related to our direct financing lease using a probability of default methodology, which incorporates the borrower’s
investment-grade credit rating from S&P Global Ratings, to evaluate the probability of default. Additionally, we incorporate the projected
value of the real estate securing the investments to estimate potential recoveries in the event of default, among other inputs. The
estimate of the expected credit loss related to our sales-type lease was determined using historical industry losses and transaction-
specific information, including the estimated fair value of the underlying real estate asset securing this transaction, the short-term nature
of this lease, and other available information. For further details, refer to “Provision for expected credit losses” in Note 2 – “Summary of
significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
The components of our aggregate net investment in our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026 and
December 31, 2025 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||
Gross investment in direct financing and sales-type leases | $264,805 | $265,839 | |
Less: unearned income on direct financing lease | (202,985) | (205,037) | |
Less: provision for expected credit losses | (1,817) | (1,817) | |
Net investment in leases | $60,003 | $58,985 |
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026
are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $17,412 | |
2027 | 2,097 | |
2028 | 2,160 | |
2029 | 2,224 | |
2030 | 2,291 | |
Thereafter | 238,621 | |
Total | $264,805 |
Income from rentals
Our income from rentals includes revenue related to agreements for the rental of our real estate, which primarily includes
revenues subject to the lease accounting standard and the revenue recognition accounting standard as shown below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Income from rentals: | ||||||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard: | ||||||||
Operating leases | $641,492 | $722,643 | $1,911,559 | $2,176,999 | ||||
Direct financing and sales-type leases | 686 | 1,409 | 2,542 | 3,308 | ||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard | 642,178 | 724,052 | 1,914,101 | 2,180,307 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard | 11,440 | 11,797 | 35,740 | 35,996 | ||||
Income from rentals | $653,618 | $735,849 | $1,949,841 | $2,216,303 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard and classified in income from rentals consist primarily of
short-term parking revenues that are not considered lease revenues under the lease accounting standard. Refer to “Revenues” and
“Recognition of revenue arising from contracts with customers” in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our
unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Residual value risk management strategy
Our leases do not have guarantees of residual value on the underlying assets. We manage risk associated with the residual
value of our leased assets by (i) evaluating each potential acquisition of real estate to determine whether it meets our business
objective to invest primarily in high-demand markets, (ii) directly managing our leased properties, conducting frequent property
inspections, proactively addressing potential maintenance issues, and/or timely resolving any occurring issues, and (iii) carefully
selecting our tenants and monitoring their credit quality throughout their respective lease terms.
Leases in which we are the lessee
Operating lease agreements
We have ground and office operating lease agreements in which we are the lessee. Certain of these leases have options to
extend or terminate the contract terms upon meeting certain criteria. There are no notable restrictions or covenants imposed by the
leases, nor guarantees of residual value.
We recognize a right-of-use asset, which is classified within other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and a related
liability, which is classified within accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, to
account for our future obligations under ground and office lease arrangements in which we are the lessee. Refer to “Lessee accounting”
in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
As of September 30, 2026, the present value of the remaining contractual payments aggregating $754.4 million under our
operating lease agreements, including our extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise, was $354.0 million. Our
corresponding operating lease right-of-use assets, adjusted for initial direct leasing costs and other consideration exchanged with the
landlord prior to the commencement of the lease, aggregated $686.2 million. As of September 30, 2026, the weighted-average
remaining lease term of operating leases in which we are the lessee was approximately 60 years, including extension options that we
are reasonably certain to exercise, and the weighted-average discount rate was 4.7%. The weighted-average discount rate is based on
the incremental borrowing rate estimated for each lease, which is the interest rate that we estimate we would have to pay to borrow on
a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments.
Ground lease obligations as of September 30, 2026 included leases for 31 of our properties, which accounted for
approximately 9% of our total number of properties. Our ground lease obligations have remaining lease terms ranging from
approximately 28 to 97 years, including extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise.
The reconciliation of future lease payments under noncancelable operating leases in which we are the lessee to the operating
lease liability reflected in our unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2026 is in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $4,989 | |
2027 | 21,003 | |
2028 | 21,318 | |
2029 | 20,825 | |
2030 | 20,743 | |
Thereafter | 665,496 | |
Total future payments under our operating leases in which we are the lessee | 754,374 | |
Effect of discounting | (400,346) | |
Operating lease liability | $354,028 |
Lessee operating costs
Operating lease costs relate to our ground and office leases in which we are the lessee. Ground leases generally require fixed
annual rent payments and may also include escalation clauses and renewal options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2026
and 2025, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for leases in which
we are the lessee aggregated $18.0 million and $165.2 million, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to the ground lease
prepayment of $135.0 million made in January 2025 for a 24-year lease term extension to our existing ground lease agreement at the
Alexandria Technology Square® Megacampus in our Cambridge submarket.
Our operating lease obligations related to our office leases have remaining terms of up to 10 years, exclusive of extension
options. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, our costs for operating leases in which we are the lessee
were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Gross operating lease costs | $8,006 | $11,525 | $24,426 | $36,743 | ||||
Capitalized lease costs | (1,027) | (880) | (2,872) | (2,293) | ||||
Expenses for operating leases in which we are the lessee | $6,979 | $10,645 | $21,554 | $34,450 | ||||
statements for information about lease accounting standards that set principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and
disclosure of leases for both parties to a lease agreement (i.e., lessees and lessors).
Leases in which we are the lessor
As of September 30, 2026, we had 328 properties aggregating 36.5 million operating RSF in key cluster locations, including
Greater Boston, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area, Seattle, Maryland, Research Triangle, and New York City. We primarily focus
on developing Class A/A+ properties in AAA life science and advanced technology innovation clusters that offer the scale and strategic
design integral to our Megacampus strategy. Strategically located near top academic and medical research institutions, our
Megacampus ecosystems feature curated amenities and services and convenient access to transit, creating environments that help our
tenants attract and retain top talent.
As of September 30, 2026, all leases in which we are the lessor were classified as operating leases, with the exception of one
direct financing and one sales-type lease. Our leases are described below.
Operating leases
As of September 30, 2026, our 328 properties were subject to operating lease agreements. Five of these properties are
subject to operating lease agreements that each contain a purchase option as described below:
(i)Two of these properties, representing two land parcels in the San Francisco Bay Area market, are subject to lease
agreements that each contain an option for the lessee to purchase the underlying asset from us at fair market value during
each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017. The remaining lease term related to each of the two land parcels is 66.2 years.
(ii)Two operating properties in the Seattle market, held by a consolidated real estate joint venture, are subject to purchase
options held by our partner in this joint venture, which is also a tenant at these properties. One purchase option allows our
partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $40.0 million in 2031. Contingent upon the exercise of this option,
the second purchase option allows our partner to purchase our 30% interest in one property for $69.1 million in 2034. Our
partner’s remaining lease terms for these operating leases are 6.4 years and 18.0 years, respectively.
(iii)One property subject to an operating lease agreement contains a purchase option exercisable at fair market value in
March 2034.
Certain operating leases contain options for tenants to extend their leases at prevailing market rates at the time of expiration.
In addition, certain operating leases contain an early termination option that requires advance notification and payment of an early
termination fee by the tenant.
At the commencement of each lease, we establish the lease term comprising the noncancelable period for each lease together
with periods covered by options to extend or terminate the lease that we determine the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Our
assessment of whether a lessee is reasonably certain to exercise or not exercise an option considers all economic factors relevant to
the assessment, including property-based, market-based, and tenant-based factors. We do not reassess the lease term or a lessee
option to purchase the underlying asset unless there is a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate contract.
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our operating lease agreements, excluding expense
reimbursements, in effect as of September 30, 2026 are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Amount | |
2026 | $391,858 | |
2027 | 1,529,103 | |
2028 | 1,423,920 | |
2029 | 1,329,663 | |
2030 | 1,259,699 | |
Thereafter | 8,116,482 | |
Total | $14,050,725 |
Refer to Note 3 – “Investments in real estate” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information
about our owned real estate assets, which are the underlying assets under our operating leases.
Direct financing and sales-type leases
As of September 30, 2026, we have one direct financing lease agreement, with a net investment balance of $43.2 million, for a
parking structure with a remaining lease term of 66.2 years. The lessee has an option to purchase the underlying asset at fair market
value during each of the 30-day periods commencing on the dates that are 15 years, 30 years, and 74.5 years after the rent
commencement date of October 1, 2017.
As of September 30, 2026, we also have one sales-type lease for a property in the Seattle market. As of September 30, 2026,
the net investment in this lease is $16.9 million. At the end of the lease term in 2026, title to the property under this lease will transfer to
the tenant for a sales price of approximately $18.5 million.
As of September 30, 2026, our estimated provision for expected credit losses related to our direct financing and sales-type
leases aggregated $1.8 million, which was predominantly related to our direct financing lease. We estimate the provision for expected
credit losses related to our direct financing lease using a probability of default methodology, which incorporates the borrower’s
investment-grade credit rating from S&P Global Ratings, to evaluate the probability of default. Additionally, we incorporate the projected
value of the real estate securing the investments to estimate potential recoveries in the event of default, among other inputs. The
estimate of the expected credit loss related to our sales-type lease was determined using historical industry losses and transaction-
specific information, including the estimated fair value of the underlying real estate asset securing this transaction, the short-term nature
of this lease, and other available information. For further details, refer to “Provision for expected credit losses” in Note 2 – “Summary of
significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
The components of our aggregate net investment in our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026 and
December 31, 2025 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||
Gross investment in direct financing and sales-type leases | $264,805 | $265,839 | |
Less: unearned income on direct financing lease | (202,985) | (205,037) | |
Less: provision for expected credit losses | (1,817) | (1,817) | |
Net investment in leases | $60,003 | $58,985 |
Future lease payments to be received under the terms of our direct financing and sales-type leases as of September 30, 2026
are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $17,412 | |
2027 | 2,097 | |
2028 | 2,160 | |
2029 | 2,224 | |
2030 | 2,291 | |
Thereafter | 238,621 | |
Total | $264,805 |
Income from rentals
Our income from rentals includes revenue related to agreements for the rental of our real estate, which primarily includes
revenues subject to the lease accounting standard and the revenue recognition accounting standard as shown below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Income from rentals: | ||||||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard: | ||||||||
Operating leases | $641,492 | $722,643 | $1,911,559 | $2,176,999 | ||||
Direct financing and sales-type leases | 686 | 1,409 | 2,542 | 3,308 | ||||
Revenues subject to the lease accounting standard | 642,178 | 724,052 | 1,914,101 | 2,180,307 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard | 11,440 | 11,797 | 35,740 | 35,996 | ||||
Income from rentals | $653,618 | $735,849 | $1,949,841 | $2,216,303 | ||||
Revenues subject to the revenue recognition accounting standard and classified in income from rentals consist primarily of
short-term parking revenues that are not considered lease revenues under the lease accounting standard. Refer to “Revenues” and
“Recognition of revenue arising from contracts with customers” in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our
unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Residual value risk management strategy
Our leases do not have guarantees of residual value on the underlying assets. We manage risk associated with the residual
value of our leased assets by (i) evaluating each potential acquisition of real estate to determine whether it meets our business
objective to invest primarily in high-demand markets, (ii) directly managing our leased properties, conducting frequent property
inspections, proactively addressing potential maintenance issues, and/or timely resolving any occurring issues, and (iii) carefully
selecting our tenants and monitoring their credit quality throughout their respective lease terms.
Leases in which we are the lessee
Operating lease agreements
We have ground and office operating lease agreements in which we are the lessee. Certain of these leases have options to
extend or terminate the contract terms upon meeting certain criteria. There are no notable restrictions or covenants imposed by the
leases, nor guarantees of residual value.
We recognize a right-of-use asset, which is classified within other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and a related
liability, which is classified within accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, to
account for our future obligations under ground and office lease arrangements in which we are the lessee. Refer to “Lessee accounting”
in Note 2 – “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
As of September 30, 2026, the present value of the remaining contractual payments aggregating $754.4 million under our
operating lease agreements, including our extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise, was $354.0 million. Our
corresponding operating lease right-of-use assets, adjusted for initial direct leasing costs and other consideration exchanged with the
landlord prior to the commencement of the lease, aggregated $686.2 million. As of September 30, 2026, the weighted-average
remaining lease term of operating leases in which we are the lessee was approximately 60 years, including extension options that we
are reasonably certain to exercise, and the weighted-average discount rate was 4.7%. The weighted-average discount rate is based on
the incremental borrowing rate estimated for each lease, which is the interest rate that we estimate we would have to pay to borrow on
a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments.
Ground lease obligations as of September 30, 2026 included leases for 31 of our properties, which accounted for
approximately 9% of our total number of properties. Our ground lease obligations have remaining lease terms ranging from
approximately 28 to 97 years, including extension options that we are reasonably certain to exercise.
The reconciliation of future lease payments under noncancelable operating leases in which we are the lessee to the operating
lease liability reflected in our unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2026 is in the table below (in thousands):
Year | Total | |
2026 | $4,989 | |
2027 | 21,003 | |
2028 | 21,318 | |
2029 | 20,825 | |
2030 | 20,743 | |
Thereafter | 665,496 | |
Total future payments under our operating leases in which we are the lessee | 754,374 | |
Effect of discounting | (400,346) | |
Operating lease liability | $354,028 |
Lessee operating costs
Operating lease costs relate to our ground and office leases in which we are the lessee. Ground leases generally require fixed
annual rent payments and may also include escalation clauses and renewal options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2026
and 2025, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for leases in which
we are the lessee aggregated $18.0 million and $165.2 million, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to the ground lease
prepayment of $135.0 million made in January 2025 for a 24-year lease term extension to our existing ground lease agreement at the
Alexandria Technology Square® Megacampus in our Cambridge submarket.
Our operating lease obligations related to our office leases have remaining terms of up to 10 years, exclusive of extension
options. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, our costs for operating leases in which we are the lessee
were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||
2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||
Gross operating lease costs | $8,006 | $11,525 | $24,426 | $36,743 | ||||
Capitalized lease costs | (1,027) | (880) | (2,872) | (2,293) | ||||
Expenses for operating leases in which we are the lessee | $6,979 | $10,645 | $21,554 | $34,450 | ||||