<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:01a13221-9e54-74d9-bbf1-0aa47374921a,g:c04a83ff-1902-40a3-8787-431334632a02-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:ck0000768847="http://vaneck.com/20261014" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://vaneck.com/20261014">
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/oef-rr/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/oef/2026/oef-rr-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="ck0000768847-20261014_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="ck0000768847-20261014_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="ck0000768847-20261014_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_S000109488Member" abstract="true" name="S000109488Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_C000280613Member" abstract="true" name="C000280613Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_FundOfFundsRiskMember" abstract="true" name="FundOfFundsRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskETPRelatedEquitySecuritiesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskETPRelatedEquitySecuritiesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskForeignSecuritiesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskForeignSecuritiesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskUnderlyingETPRelatedForeignCurrencyRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskUnderlyingETPRelatedForeignCurrencyRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskCLORiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskCLORiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskCreditRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskCreditRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskInterestRateRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskInterestRateRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskCallRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskCallRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskU.S.GovernmentSecuritiesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskU.S.GovernmentSecuritiesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskU.S.TreasurySecuritiesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskU.S.TreasurySecuritiesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskCommoditiesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskCommoditiesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskDigitalAssetInstrumentsRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskDigitalAssetInstrumentsRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskRiskOfInvestingInGoldMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskRiskOfInvestingInGoldMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskNaturalResourcesCompaniesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskNaturalResourcesCompaniesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskRiskOfInvestingInMLPsRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskRiskOfInvestingInMLPsRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskLargeCapitalizationCompaniesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskLargeCapitalizationCompaniesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskSmallAndMediumCapitalizationCompaniesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskSmallAndMediumCapitalizationCompaniesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskDerivativesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskDerivativesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskFuturesContractRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskFuturesContractRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskConcentrationRiskMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskConcentrationRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_UnderlyingETPsRiskRiskOfInvestingInBDCsMember" abstract="true" name="UnderlyingETPsRiskRiskOfInvestingInBDCsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_InvestingInETPsRiskMember" abstract="true" name="InvestingInETPsRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_MarketRiskMember" abstract="true" name="MarketRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_HighPortfolioTurnoverRiskMember" abstract="true" name="HighPortfolioTurnoverRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_DataRiskMember" abstract="true" name="DataRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_CashTransactionsRiskMember" abstract="true" name="CashTransactionsRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_OperationalRiskMember" abstract="true" name="OperationalRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_ActiveManagementRiskMember" abstract="true" name="ActiveManagementRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_AuthorizedParticipantConcentrationRiskMember" abstract="true" name="AuthorizedParticipantConcentrationRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_SeedInvestorRiskMember" abstract="true" name="SeedInvestorRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_NewFundRiskMember" abstract="true" name="NewFundRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_NoGuaranteeOfActiveTradingMarketRiskMember" abstract="true" name="NoGuaranteeOfActiveTradingMarketRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_TradingIssuesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="TradingIssuesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_FundSharesTradingPremiumDiscountRiskAndLiquidityOfFundSharesRiskMember" abstract="true" name="FundSharesTradingPremiumDiscountRiskAndLiquidityOfFundSharesRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_AffiliatedFundRiskMember" abstract="true" name="AffiliatedFundRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="ck0000768847_SubsidiaryInvestmentRiskMember" abstract="true" name="SubsidiaryInvestmentRiskMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
