Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies) |
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Jun. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of presentation | Basis of presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, its results of operations and its cash flows, as applicable, have been made. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year. Accordingly, these statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| Consolidation | Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Significant inter-company balances, investment and capital, if any, have been eliminated upon consolidation.
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| Liquidity | Liquidity
In assessing the Company’s liquidity, the Company monitors and evaluates its cash and cash equivalent and its operating and capital expenditure commitments. The Company’s liquidity needs are to meet its working capital requirements, operating expenses and capital expenditure obligations.
Cash flow from operations and capital contributions have been utilized to finance the working capital requirements of the Company. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company recorded a net loss of S$13,421,000 (US$10,371,000) and has negative cash flow from operating activities of S$2,752,000 (US$2,127,000). The Company’s working capital was positive S$48,769,000 (US$37,684,000) as of June 30, 2026 and the Company had S$2,837,000 (US$2,192,000) in cash and cash equivalents, which is unrestricted as to withdrawal and use as of June 30, 2026.
On September 2, 2025, the Company’s Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-288587) was declared effective. The Company may, from time to time in one or more offerings, offer and sell up to US$100 million in the aggregate of Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$ per share in the capital of the Company, warrants, units and rights to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares, debt securities, rights or any combination of the foregoing, either individually or as units comprised of one or more of the other securities. In September and December 2025, the Company sold and Class A Ordinary Shares under this registration statement in two registered direct offerings, at US$ and US$ per share respectively, for total gross proceeds of approximately US$3.6 million. As of June 30, 2026, approximately US$96.4 million of the US$100 million registered remained unused.
On April 13, 2026, the Company completed a private offering. In this offering, the Company issued Class A Ordinary Shares and received gross proceeds of approximately US$14.9 million. In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2026, warrants over 2,150,230 Class A Ordinary Shares were exercised, for aggregate proceeds of approximately US$1.8 million.
To sustain its ability to support the Company’s operating activities, the Company considered supplementing its sources of funding through the following:
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Management has commenced preparations to raise equity by selling Class A Ordinary Shares under the Company’s registration statement on Form F-3 described above. However, there can be no certainty that this additional financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. If management is unable to execute this plan, there would likely be a material adverse effect on the Company’s business.
Based on the above considerations, management believes that the Company has sufficient funds to meet its operating and capital expenditure needs and obligations in the next 12 months. However, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in implementing the foregoing plans or additional financing will be available to the Company on commercially reasonable terms. There are a number of factors that could potentially arise that could undermine the Company’s plans such as (i) changes in the demand for the Company’s services, (ii) government policies, and (iii) economic conditions in Singapore and worldwide. The Company’s inability to secure needed financing when required may require material changes to the Company’s business plan and could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
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| Use of estimates | Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, impairment of long-lived assets and provision for expired credit. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
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| Foreign currency translation and transaction | Foreign currency translation and transaction
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in the Singapore Dollars (“SGD” or “S$”), which is the reporting currency of the Company. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries in the British Virgin Islands is United States Dollars (“USD” or “US$”) and the functional currency of the Company’s other subsidiaries is their local currency, as determined based on the criteria of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830, “Foreign Currency Matters”. All information presented in S$ has been rounded to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise stated.
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| Convenience translation | Convenience translation
Translations of balances in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows from SGD into USD as of June 30, 2026 are solely for the convenience of the readers and are calculated at the rate of SGD1.00 = USD0.7727, representing the exchange rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board on June 30, 2026. No representation is made that the SGD amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into USD at such rate, or at any other rate.
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| Cash and cash equivalents | Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash in bank and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| Accounts receivable, net | Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable mainly represent amounts due from clients that meet the revenue recognition criteria. These accounts receivable are recorded net of any allowance for credit losses. Management reviews its receivables on a regular basis to determine whether the allowance for credit losses is adequate and provides an allowance when necessary. The allowance is based on management’s best estimates of specific losses on individual customer exposures, as well as the historical trends of collections. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the likelihood of collection is not probable.
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| Deposits and prepayments | Deposits and prepayments
Deposits and prepayments are classified as either current or non-current based on the terms of the respective agreements. These advances are unsecured and are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, management believes that the Company’s prepayments and deposits are not impaired.
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| Joint ventures | Joint ventures
The Company accounts for investments in joint ventures using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the Company initially records its investment at cost and subsequently adjusts the carrying amount to recognize its share of the joint venture’s net income or loss, which is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s share of the joint venture’s other comprehensive income (loss) is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
The Company evaluates its equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment might not be recoverable. An impairment is recorded when the decline in fair value of an investment is determined to be other-than-temporary.
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| Provision for expired credit | Provision for expired credit
Provision for expired credit represent all expired credits that are not redeemed by consumers. A provision for expired credit is recognized when the credit expires, if the amount of the obligation can be estimated reliably. The provision is recognized as a reduction of expense in the consolidated income statement, and as an asset on the consolidated balance sheet. The amount of the provision for expired credit is estimated based on historical experience and the expected rate of redemption. The estimate is reviewed regularly and adjusted if necessary, based on actual experience.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| Property and equipment, net | Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment if applicable. The Company computes depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statement of income. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while additions renewals and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.
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| Intangible assets, net | Intangible assets, net
Developed technology
Research costs are expensed as incurred. An intangible asset arising from development expenditure on an individual project is recognized only when the Company can demonstrate the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale, its intention to complete and its ability to use or sell the assets, how that asset will generate future economic benefits, the availability of resources to complete and the ability to measure reliably the expenditure during the development. Deferred development costs have finite useful life and are amortized over a period of expected sales from the related project of 3 to 5 years on a straight-line basis from the date that they are available for use.
Business combinations
The Company accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the Company makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. The Company’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill if new information is obtained related to facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. After the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are reflected on the consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| Goodwill | Goodwill
Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is not subject to amortization, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the reporting unit may be in excess of its fair value. As part of the annual goodwill impairment test, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. If, as a result of its qualitative assessment, it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test will be required. Alternatively, the Company may bypass the qualitative assessment and perform a quantitative impairment test.
No goodwill or impairment of goodwill is recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.
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| Impairment of long-lived assets | Impairment of long-lived assets
The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets (asset groups), including property and equipment, intangible assets, and operating lease right-of-use assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of its asset (asset group) may not be fully recoverable. When these events occur, the Company measures impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset (asset group) and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset (asset group), the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset (asset group) over their fair value. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the cash flows expected to be generated by the asset (asset group), when the market prices are not readily available. The adjusted carrying amount of the asset is the new cost basis and is depreciated over the asset’s remaining useful life. Long-lived assets are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities.
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| Operating lease right-of-use assets | Operating lease right-of-use assets
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liability, and operating lease liability, non-current in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. When determining the lease term, the Company includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that it will exercise that option, if any. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company used an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company has elected not to recognize ROU asset and lease obligations for its short-term leases, which are defined as leases with an initial term of 12 months or less.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| Fair value measurements | Fair value measurements
ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in pricing the asset or liability. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deposits and prepayments, accounts payable, other payables to related parties, and accruals and other payables approximate their fair values because of their generally short maturities.
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| Warrants | Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent year end date while the warrants are outstanding. Warrants that are determined to be equity-classified are recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance and are not remeasured thereafter.
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| Revenue recognition | Revenue recognition
Mobility and quick commerce arrangement
The Company recognizes revenue for its ride-hailing and quick commerce marketplace in accordance with ASC 606. The Company generates revenue from commissions and service fees (collectively, “fees”) paid by driver partners and consumers for use of the Ryde platform to connect driver partners with consumers to facilitate and successfully complete transaction via the App where the Company operates as an agent. The Company recognizes revenue upon completion of each transaction. Driver partners and consumers enter into terms of service (“ToS”) with the Company in order to use the Ryde App. Under the ToS, driver partners and consumers agree that the Company retains the applicable fee as consideration for their use of the Ryde platform from the fare and related charges it collects from consumers on behalf of driver partners. The Company is acting as an agent in facilitating the ability for a driver partner to provide a mobility and quick commerce service to a consumer. The Company reports revenue on a net basis, reflecting the fee owed to the Company from a driver partner as revenue, and not the gross amount collected from the consumer.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As the Company’s customary business practice, a contract exists between the driver partner and consumer and the Company when the driver partner’s and consumer’s ability to cancel the transaction lapses, which typically is upon pickup of the consumer or goods. The Company’s single performance obligation in the transaction is to connect driver partners with consumer to facilitate the completion of a successful mobility or quick commerce service for consumer. The Company recognizes revenue upon completion of a transaction as its performance obligation is satisfied upon the completion of the transaction. The Company collects the fare and related charges from consumers on behalf of driver partners using the consumer’s pre-authorized credit card or other payment mechanism and retains its fees before making the remaining disbursement to driver partners; thus the driver partner’s ability and intent to pay is not subject to significant judgment.
Principal vs agent consideration
Judgment is required in determining whether the Company is the principal or agent in transactions with driver partners, and consumer. The Company evaluates the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether the Company controls the service provided to the consumers and is the principal (i.e. “gross”), or the Company arranges for other parties to provide the service to the consumers and is an agent (i.e. “net”). This determination also impacts the presentation of incentives provided to driver partners and discounts and promotions offered to consumers to the extent they are not customers.
For the mobility and quick-commerce transactions, the Company’s role is to provide the service to driver partners to facilitate a successful trip or quick-commerce service to consumer. The Company concluded the Company does not control the good or service provided by driver partners to consumers as (i) the Company does not pre-purchase or otherwise obtain control of the goods or services prior to its transfer to the consumers; (ii) the Company does not direct driver partners to perform the service on its behalf, and (iii) the Company does not integrate services provided by driver partners with its other services and then provide them to consumers. As part of its evaluation of control, the Company reviews other specific indicators to assist in the principal versus agent conclusions. The Company is not primarily responsible for mobility and quick commerce services provided to consumers, nor does the Company have inventory risk related to these services. While the Company facilitates setting the price for mobility and quick commerce services, the driver partners and consumers have the ultimate discretion in accepting the transaction price and this indicator alone does not result in the Company controlling the services provided to consumers.
In transactions with consumers, the Company acts as an agent of the driver partners by connecting consumers seeking mobility and quick commerce services with driver partners looking to provide these services. Driver partners and consumers are the Company’s customers and pay it a fee for each successfully completed transaction with consumers. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue on a net basis, representing the fee the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing the service to driver partners and consumers.
Mobility and quick commerce
The Company derives its mobility and quick commerce revenue primarily from fees paid by driver partners and consumers for use of the platform and related service to connect with consumers and successfully complete a transaction via the platform. The Company recognizes revenue when a transaction is completed.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The presentation of revenue is on a net basis. The Company is an agent as its performance obligation is to arrange for another party (i.e. the driver partners) to provide the mobility and quick commerce services. Through the Company’s application, it allows for the connecting of the driver partners and consumers. The Company only facilitates by connecting the driver partners and consumers. The driver partners are responsible for fulfilling the contract.
Incentives provided to driver partners are recorded as a reduction of revenue if the Company does not receive a distinct good or service or cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the good or service received. Incentives to driver partners that are not provided in exchange for a distinct good or service are evaluated as variable consideration, in the most likely amount to be earned by the driver partners at the time or as they are earned by the driver partners, depending on the type of incentive. Since incentives are earned over a short period of time, there is limited uncertainty when estimating variable consideration.
Excess driver partners incentives refer to cumulative payments to driver partners that exceed the cumulative revenue that is recognized from driver partners with no future guarantee of additional revenue. Cumulative payments to driver partners could exceed cumulative revenue from driver partners as a result of driver partners incentives or when the amount paid to driver partners for a trip exceeds the fare charged to the consumer. Driver partners incentives largely depend on the business decisions based on market conditions.
When the cumulative amount of driver partners incentives exceeds the cumulative revenue earned since inception of the driver partners relationship, the excess driver partners incentives are recorded in profit or loss as an expense. As a result, driver partners incentives provided to driver partners at the beginning of a relationship are typically classified as cost of revenue, while driver partners incentives provided to driver partners with a more mature relationship are typically classified as a reduction of revenue.
Incentive to consumers
The Company provides consumer incentives in the form of credit upon completion of transaction, with the aim of encouraging consumers to utilize the Ryde platform for their future transactions. These credits are offered to consumers in the market to acquire new consumers, re-engage existing customers, or generally increase overall use of the platform, and are similar to coupons. The Company records these credits as liability on the balance sheet and as driver and riders cost and related expenses in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss at the time these credits are redeemed by the consumers.
Revenue from advertising
Revenue from advertising is recognized when the advertising services are provided to the merchant. The revenue is recognized at the amount of consideration that the company expects to be entitled to receive, net of any discounts or refunds. If the consideration for the advertising services includes barter trade, the revenue and cost are recognized separately based on the fair value of the barter trade.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company derives revenue from digital advertising services provided to merchants under contractual agreements. These services encompass the display of merchants’ advertisements within the Company’s mobile/web platform and email channels. Revenue recognition commences at the initiation of the contract period, as stipulated in the signed agreement with its merchant clients. The Company employs the ‘output method’ to measure progress towards fulfilling its performance obligations. Under this method, revenue is recognized proportionately over the duration of the contractual period. This method accurately reflects the faithful depiction of the transfer of services, as it aligns with the nature of the services provided, where revenue is recognized based on the contractual period.
Membership
Revenue from membership is recognized over the period of the membership. The subscription fee is recognized as revenue over the subscription period. Any relevant costs incurred to provide the membership benefits are recognized as cost. The cashback bonuses, exclusive lifestyle and food and beverage perks, and discounts provided to the members are not recognized as revenue.
Management consultancy
Revenue from management consultancy services is recognized over time, as the services are performed under the terms of each agreement.
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| Segments | Segments
In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting, the Company is required to report financial and descriptive information about its reportable segments. Reportable segments are operating segments or aggregations of operating segments that meet specific quantitative thresholds. The identification of operating segments is based on the internal reporting used by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) to assess performance and allocate resources.
The Company has determined that it operates as a single operating and reportable segment. This conclusion is based on the following considerations:
The CODM assesses performance and decides how to allocate resources based on consolidated net loss, as reported in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The significant segment expenses regularly provided to the CODM are the expenses presented in those statements, and other segment items comprise other income, share of results of a joint venture and income tax. The measure of segment assets is total assets, as reported in the consolidated balance sheets.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets were located in Singapore. The Company’s operations, personnel and operating infrastructure are located in Singapore. Accordingly, the geographic distribution of the Company’s customer base does not affect the Company’s determination that it operates as a single operating and reportable segment, as the CODM does not review financial information disaggregated by geography.
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| Concentrations and credit risk | Concentrations and credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of the refundable deposits, convertible notes and advances described in Note 3, which totaled S$50,861,000 (US$39,300,000) as of June 30, 2026 and are due from a small number of counterparties, and accounts receivable. The Company has designed its credit policies with an objective to minimize its exposure to credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable are short term in nature and the associated risk is minimal. The Company conducts credit evaluations on its clients and generally does not require collateral or other security. The Company periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the existing clients in determining the allowance for credit losses primarily based upon the age of the receivables and factors surrounding the credit risk of specific clients.
Concentration of customers
None of the customers accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.
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| Employee benefits | Employee benefits
Employee benefits are recognized as an expense, unless the cost qualifies to be capitalized as an asset.
Defined contribution plans are post-employment benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions into separate entities such as the Central Provident Fund on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. Contributions paid to the Central Provident Fund Board in Singapore were S$86,000 (US$66,000) and S$109,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
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| Share-based compensation | Share-based compensation
The Company follows ASC 718, Compensation —Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards, including restricted stock units, based on estimated grant date fair values. Share-based compensation is valued using the market price of the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares on the date of grant. The Company records compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Awards classified in equity under ASC 718 that may be subject to temporary equity classification include:
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| Related parties | Related parties
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or significant influence of the same party, such as a family member or relative, shareholder, or a related corporation.
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| Income taxes | Income taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets are also provided for net operating loss carry forwards that can be utilized to offset future taxable income.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period including the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce net deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.
An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded.
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| Government grants | Government grants
Government grants are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received, and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Government grants shall be recognized in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the entity recognizes as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate. Government grant is recognized as ‘Other income’ in profit or loss.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following is a description of the government grants the Company has received for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:
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| Earnings (loss) per share |
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net earnings (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options, warrants and convertible debt were exercised or converted into ordinary shares. When the Company has a loss, diluted shares are not included as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
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| Interest rate risk | Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of the Company’s financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s exposure to interest rate risk arises mainly from its interest-bearing financial liabilities. The Company periodically reviews its liabilities and monitors interest rate fluctuations to ensure that the exposure to interest rate risk is within acceptable levels. The interest-bearing financial liabilities are usually at fixed interest rates except for money market loans, bank overdrafts and floating interest rate loans. The Company does not utilize interest rate derivatives to minimize its interest rate risk.
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| Commitments and contingencies | Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the business that relate to a wide range of matters, such as government investigations and tax matters. The Company recognizes its liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss has occurred and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Company may consider many factors in making these assessments including historical and the specific facts and circumstances of each matter.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04 Debt—Debt With Conversion And Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions Of Convertible Debt Instruments. This ASU amends ASC 470-20 to clarify the requirements related to accounting for the settlement of a debt instrument as an induced conversion. Based primarily on the consensus-for-exposure reached on Issue 23-A12 by the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) on September 14, 2023, the ASU is intended to “improve the relevance and consistency in application of the induced conversion guidance in Subtopic 470-20 for (a) convertible debt instruments with cash conversion features and (b) debt instruments that are not currently convertible.” For all entities, the amendments in ASU 2024-04 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025 (and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods). The Company adopted the ASU on January 1, 2026. The additional required disclosures did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. This ASU provides a practical expedient that allows entities to measure expected credit losses on current accounts receivable and contract assets by assuming that current economic conditions will remain unchanged over the asset’s life. ASU 2025-05 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2026 and did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
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| Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted | Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. This ASU requires disclosure in the notes to the financial statements of specified information about certain costs and expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. ASU 2024-03 should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this ASU or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date. This ASU clarifies that the amendments in ASU 2024-03 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2025-01 reaffirms that the guidance should be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03, Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidation (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity. This ASU amends the guidance for identifying the accounting acquirer in a business combination involving a variable interest entity. The amendments require that the reporting entity that consolidates the variable interest entity be treated as the accounting acquirer. ASU 2025-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this ASU should be applied prospectively. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-04, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Clarifications to Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer. This ASU clarifies the accounting for share-based payments issued to a customer in conjunction with a contract for goods or services. The amendments are intended to reduce diversity in practice and provide more consistent and comparable financial information. ASU 2025-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other— Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40). This ASU modernizes the accounting for software costs by removing references to specific development stages and introducing a “probable-to-complete” recognition threshold for capitalization, focusing on management’s intent and commitment. ASU 2025-06 is effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. ASU 2025-06 should be applied on either a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract. This ASU refines the scope of derivative accounting to address concerns about contracts with features based on a party’s operations and clarifies that share-based payments from a customer should be accounted for as noncash consideration under Topic 606. ASU 2025-07 is effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. ASU 2025-07 should be applied using a modified retrospective transition. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-08, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans. This ASU expands the “gross-up approach” for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration (PCD) to all acquired financial assets, eliminating the requirement to evaluate whether there has been a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality. ASU 2025-08 is effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. ASU 2025-08 should be applied on a modified retrospective basis. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements. This ASU enhances hedge accounting by expanding the types of risk exposures eligible for hedging, facilitating the application of hedge accounting to variable-rate debt instruments, and reducing certain documentation requirements. ASU 2025-09 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for all other entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. ASU 2025-09 should be applied using a modified retrospective transition. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-10, Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities. This ASU provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, and presentation of government grants received by business entities, largely aligning with the framework in IAS 20 while adding specific disclosure requirements. ASU 2025-10 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2028, and for all other entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2029. ASU 2025-10 should be applied on either a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. This ASU clarifies and improves the guidance on interim reporting to provide more consistency in how entities disclose financial information in interim periods. ASU 2025-11 is effective for public business entities for interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and for all other entities for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2028. ASU 2025-11 should be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-12, Codification Improvements. This ASU clarifies, corrects, and improves various topics in the Codification, including earnings per share, lease receivables, and transfers of financial assets. ASU 2025-12 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. ASU 2025-12 should be applied retrospectively to all prior reporting periods presented. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In 2026, the FASB issued ASU 2026-01, Equity (Topic 505): Initial Measurement of Paid-in-Kind Dividends on Equity-Classified Preferred Stock, in April 2026; ASU 2026-02, Environmental Credits and Environmental Credit Obligations (Topic 818), in May 2026; and ASU 2026-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Investment Companies with Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions, in September 2026. ASU 2026-01 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and ASU 2026-02 and ASU 2026-03 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, in each case including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company has no preferred stock in issue, does not hold environmental credits or have environmental credit obligations, and is not an investment company. It therefore does not expect these ASUs to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
RYDE GROUP LTD NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |