<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:01a0c5f1-0320-74b5-8666-7e42e7a0a35f,g:325f00ca-d574-4585-8695-e9fbd6e7a573-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:slqt="http://selectquote.com/20260930" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://selectquote.com/20260930">
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei-sub/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-sub-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd-sub/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-sub-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="slqt-20260930_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
</xs:schema>