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id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_zgi7F56JVeo1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 1– <span id="xdx_827_zrPyaw0BHuW7">Nature of business and organization</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">EUDA Health Holdings Limited, which until November 17, 2022 was known as 8i Acquisition 2 Corp. (the “Company”, “EUDA” or “8i”) is a company incorporated on January 21, 2021, under the laws of the British Virgin Islands for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (a “Initial Business Combination”).</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On November 17, 2022 (the “Closing Date”), EUDA Health Holdings Limited, a British Virgin Islands business company (formerly known as 8i Acquisition 2 Corp.) (the “Company”), consummated the business combination contemplated by the Share Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) between 8i Acquisition 2 Corp., a BVI business company (“8i”), EUDA Health Limited, a British Virgin Islands business company (“EHL”), Watermark Developments Limited, a British Virgin Islands business company (“Watermark” or the “Seller”), and Kwong Yeow Liew, dated April 11, 2022 and amended May 30, 2022, June 10, 2022, and September 7, 2022. As contemplated by the SPA, a business combination between 8i and EHL was effected by the purchase by 8i of all of the issued and outstanding shares of EHL from the Seller (the “Share Purchase”), resulting in EHL becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of 8i. In addition, in connection with the consummation of the Share Purchase, 8i changed its name to “EUDA Health Holdings Limited.”</span> The Company is an “emerging growth company”, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company, through its subsidiaries, operates in two business segments focused on property management services, providing services to shopping malls, office buildings, residential apartments; and after the discontinuation of its medical service operation in September 2023, holistic wellness consumer products and services. The streamlining of the Company’s medical services practice was accounted for as a discontinued operation because it represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results in accordance with ASC 205-20-45. Accordingly, assets, liabilities, results of operations, and cash flows related to its medical service practice have been reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as discontinued operation for all periods presented. In 2025, the Company has further expanded to provide non-invasive healthcare products and services in Asia, with a focus on Singapore, Malaysia, and China. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2026 and audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2025, unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 have been adjusted to reflect this change (see Note 4).</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Acquisition of Fortress Cove Limited</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 6, 2024, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement (“Share Purchase Agreement”) with certain persons named therein for the acquisition of all outstanding shares of Fortress Cove Limited (“Fortress Cove”), a British Virgin Islands company which is the sole legal and beneficial owner of the entire share capital of CK Health Plus Sdn Bhd, a Malaysian company (“CKHP”) in the direct sale business of holistic wellness consumer products and services in Malaysia. Pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement, EUDA has agreed to acquire the entire issued capital of Fortress Cove for an aggregate consideration of <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestsIssuedOrIssuableNumberOfSharesIssued_pid_c20240506__20240506__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SharePurchaseAgreementMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zp69EbuybTz2">500,000</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">newly issued ordinary shares (“Consideration Shares”), valued at approximately $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned_iI_pn5n6_c20240506__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SharePurchaseAgreementMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zFhoa95g3ZEk">15.0</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million based upon the enterprise fair value of CKHP appraised by an independent third-party valuation firm. <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableDescription_c20240506__20240506__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SharePurchaseAgreementMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zRD9BOZyIC2b">An additional one million ordinary shares will be issued to the persons named in the Share Purchase Agreement if certain financial performance milestones based on CKHP’s net income for the fiscal years 2024 and 2025 are met.</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The acquisition closed on May 8, 2024 (see Note 5).</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On July 1, 2024, Meng Dong (James) Tan, Guohui Zhang, Xin Zhang, Yew Phang Chong, and Yew Yen Chong (the “Surrendering Shareholders”) entered into a share surrender deed with the Company. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company determined that the number of Consideration Shares that should have been issued to the Surrendering Shareholders was <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20240701__20240701__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--SurrenderingShareholdersMember_zE0jdEUK6Hw">428,571</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">in aggregate, based on the $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20240701__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--SurrenderingShareholdersMember_zMKOwW28RQRg">35</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">per share price, which was the closing bid price quoted on The Nasdaq Stock Market on May 7, 2024, the date immediately preceding the completion date. The Surrendering Shareholders agreed to surrender an aggregate of <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockRepurchasedAndRetiredDuringPeriodShares_pid_c20240701__20240701__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--SurrenderingShareholdersMember_z4gMeEZ6st3b">71,429</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">fully paid Consideration Shares to the Company for no consideration, subject to the terms of the deed.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><i>Collaboration Agreement with Key Lock – April 2025</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On April 22, 2025, CK Health entered into a collaboration agreement with Guangdong Key Lock Health Management Co., Ltd. (“Key Lock”), an authorized distributor of Guangdong Cell Biotech Co. Ltd. (“Guangdong Cell Biotech”), a prominent player in stem cell therapies and regenerative medicine, that develops autologous cell treatments and tailored medicines for various disorders. It currently has 37 established stem cell and DNA medical treatment facilities in China and presence in Indonesia and Cambodia. Pursuant to the terms of a distribution agreement between Guangdong Cell Biotech and Key Lock dated April 21, 2025, Key Lock is responsible for promoting and selling Guangdong Cell Biotech’s stem cell therapy packages, managing sales, market development and customer support. Pursuant to the collaboration agreement between CK Health and Key Lock, CK Health will purchase from Key Lock certain stem cell therapy services offered by Guangdong Cell Biotech at certain pre-determined prices and market and sell these services in Singapore and Malaysia; and Key Lock will use its commercial endeavours to ensure proper stem cell therapy services received by EUDA customers at one of Guangdong Cell Biotech’s treatment centers in China. This collaboration agreement is terminable by either party with one month’s notice of termination.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><i>Exclusive Distribution Agreement with Chemokine – August 2025</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Chemokine Pte. Ltd. (“Chemokine”) is a Singapore-based biotech company focused on molecular supplements and gene modulating formulations. On July 4, 2025, EUDA entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with Chemokine pursuant to which EUDA has secured the exclusive worldwide distribution rights for a next-generation immune health supplement under the brand name, “EUDA Helixé” in Singapore, Malaysia, and China, developed by Chemokine. In June 2026, EUDA expanded the offering of the EUDA Helixé product line with the launch of the EUDA Regenixé iPSC-derived Skin Stem Cell Secretome Mask (“Regenixé Mask”), a beauty product developed by Chemokine.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><i>Non-exclusive Distribution Agreement with QB Limited – April 2026</i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Shenzhen Inno Immune Co., Ltd. (“Shenzhen Inno”) is a developer of autologous cellular therapies in China. On April 27, 2026, EUDA entered into a non-exclusive distribution agreement with QB Limited, one of the authorized distributors of Shenzhen Inno, pursuant to which EUDA has obtained the non-exclusive worldwide right to market and sell selected immunotherapies developed and provided by Shenzhen Inno to EUDA’s customers through its subsidiary CK Health. These treatments will be conducted by Shenzhen Inno in its clinic in Shenzhen, China.]</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTextBlock_z4rKGppmFlIe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the activities of EUDA and each of the following entities:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8B9_zHnUri1Q40B1" style="display: none">Schedule of consolidated financial statement reflect the activities of entities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Background</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ownership</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthLimitedMember_z4yEIV5br9c4" title="Name of company">EUDA Health Limited (“EHL”)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%">A British Virgin Islands company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthLimitedMember_zVAKV54Cthcd" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA</td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthLimitedMember_zcWtE8gCQV56" title="Date of incorporation">June 8, 2021</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A holding Company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_fKDEpKDMp_zUNLiyPaudjd" title="Name of company">Kent Ridge Healthcare Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“KRHSG”)</span> (1) (3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_zP5pnQElxVP8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_zI1hgcZUjz6c" title="Date of incorporation">November 9, 2017</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multi-care specialty group offering range of specialty care services to patients.</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDUp_z8bIkuNSpOB8" title="Name of company">EUDA Private Limited (“EUDA PL”)</span> (1) (5)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAPrivateLimitedMember_zCIKVZwLOE84" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAPrivateLimitedMember_zcol31PN043i" title="Date of incorporation">April 13, 2018</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A digital health company that provides a platform to serve the healthcare industry</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitekVietnamPrivateLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_fKDEpKDUp_zCXBACfKUnyh" title="Name of company">Zukitek Vietnam Private Limited Liability Company (“ZKTV PL”)</span> (1) (5)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Vietnam company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitekVietnamPrivateLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_zhLQXvZxZr64" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA PL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitekVietnamPrivateLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_zkrXmDSrfyX6" title="Date of incorporation">May 2, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Research and Development Company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SingaporeEmergencyMedicalAssistancePrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDQp_zXJySOQATATf" title="Name of company">Singapore Emergency Medical Assistance Private Limited (“SEMA”)</span> (1) (4)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SingaporeEmergencyMedicalAssistancePrivateLimitedMember_zIFXgUW1vCn1" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incorporated <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SingaporeEmergencyMedicalAssistancePrivateLimitedMember_z8NzuqV2qbvg" title="Date of incorporation">March 18, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDADoctorPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDIp_zmoXhlS3lFD4" title="Name of company">EUDA Doctor Private Limited (“ED PL”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incorporated <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDADoctorPrivateLimitedMember_zHElvywpFuNc" title="Date of incorporation">March 18, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDADoctorPrivateLimitedMember_zONNrKGVNlb3" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A platform solution for doctors and physicians to find, connect, and collaborate with trusted peers, specialists, and other professionals</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHillPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDIp_zSyAW1nEC5E6" title="Name of company">Kent Ridge Hill Private Limited (“KR Hill PL”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHillPrivateLimitedMember_zT32gesWyryj" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHillPrivateLimitedMember_zuFkcihH62e2" title="Date of incorporation">December 1, 2021</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A B2B2C pharmaceutical and OTC drugs e-commerce platform to promote its drug products</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthLimitedMember_zjtUDz9eyVxi" title="Name of company">Kent Ridge Health Limited (“KRHL”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A British Virgin Islands company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthLimitedMember_zztNCaEZQvnj" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthLimitedMember_zxFN4S3RvTti" title="Date of incorporation">June 8, 2021</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitechPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDIp_zZlE6rg0HKsd" title="Name of company">Zukitech Private Limited (“ZKT PL”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitechPrivateLimitedMember_z5l2zGjmdgn8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitechPrivateLimitedMember_zgQjdWyRYVDg" title="Date of incorporation">June 13, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SuperGatewayGroupLimitedMember_zT2ElW1O0Bva" title="Name of company">Super Gateway Group Limited (“SGGL”)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">A British Virgin Islands company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SuperGatewayGroupLimitedMember_zvgZmMN5ttv8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SuperGatewayGroupLimitedMember_zHnqHiDD0Chh" title="Date of incorporation">April 18, 2008</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">A holding company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z5YIreWT6wNe" title="Name of company">Universal Gateway International Pte. Ltd. (“UGI”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z004iPObU1Pa" title="Ownership percentage">98.3</span>% owned by SGGL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z5W7jBBRKSGe" title="Date of incorporation">September 30, 2000</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registered capital of RMB <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--RegisteredCapital_iI_uCNY_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z8dhUahC5lNl" title="Registered capital">5,000,000</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--MelanaInternationalPteLtdMember_zsDIJcjHKxT1" title="Name of company">Melana International Pte. Ltd. (“Melana”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--MelanaInternationalPteLtdMember_zjQsxPayquL8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by UGI</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--MelanaInternationalPteLtdMember_zNXTsnx8EkQj" title="Date of incorporation">September 9, 2000</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property management service that services shopping malls, business office building, or residential apartments</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TriGlobalSecurityPteLtdMember_zI3QoZquh1sj" title="Name of company">Tri-Global Security Pte. Ltd. (“Tri-Global”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TriGlobalSecurityPteLtdMember_zABd95zNSILl" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by UGI</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TriGlobalSecurityPteLtdMember_zTMiBwAiuAk" title="Date of incorporation">August 10, 2000</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property security service that services shopping malls, business office building, or residential apartments</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zB1ZJI0JjxD1" title="Name of company">UG Digitech Private Limited (“UGD”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zUIWwauyfeta" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by UGI</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zxirUYLA5EJd" title="Date of incorporation">August 16, 2001</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--NosweatFitnessCompanyPrivateLimitedMember_fKDIp_zbcYPgdU808c" title="Name of company">Nosweat Fitness Company Private Limited (“NFC”)</span> (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--NosweatFitnessCompanyPrivateLimitedMember_z9ZlwTlHt6sa" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--NosweatFitnessCompanyPrivateLimitedMember_zfoQJ8rTY6Q1" title="Date of incorporation">July 6, 2021</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A virtual personal training platform for fitness enthusiasts</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TrueCoverPrivateLimitedMember_fKDIp_zddMxKpYtdqd" title="Name of company">True Cover Private Limited (“TCPL”)</span> (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TrueCoverPrivateLimitedMember_zQlt3GmtOxZe" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TrueCoverPrivateLimitedMember_zr9XyaCY7hA4" title="Date of incorporation">December 1, 2021</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A B2B e-claims healthcare insurance platform</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KRDigitalPteLtdMember_fKDEpKDIp_zavtqXRYDd72" title="Name of company">KR Digital Pte. Ltd. (“KR Digital”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KRDigitalPteLtdMember_zPoNzYiQw2z1" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KRDigitalPteLtdMember_zEn5ynmr8BM2" title="Date of incorporation">December 29, 2021</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Development of software and applications</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukihealthSdnBhdMember_fKDEpKDIp_zhnfGiB2p5J3" title="Name of company">Zukihealth Sdn. Bhd. (“Zukihealth”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Malaysian company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukihealthSdnBhdMember_z0fpvjAueH93" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KR Digital</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukihealthSdnBhdMember_zanAxwmWfZ37" title="Date of incorporation">February 15, 2018</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distribution of health care supplement products</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EudaHealthPteLtdMember_zZqOmsNteG1d" title="Name of company">Euda Health Pte. Ltd. (“EHPL”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EudaHealthPteLtdMember_zgUfTvt30px2" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EudaHealthPteLtdMember_zU5gX3eWWDec" title="Date of incorporation">May 26, 2023</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management consultancy services for healthcare organization</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zEma3pOMqjO7" title="Name of company">Fortress Cove Limited (“Fortress Cove”)</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">British Virgin Islands company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_znPIy4SRFkd3" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zGc6Od3XOfH9" title="Date of incorporation">November 2, 2023</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember_fKDYpKDgp_zFR8F6oUCVk1" title="Name of company">EUDA Health Malaysia Sdn Bhd (formerly known as CK Health Plus Sdn Bhd) (“CKHP”)</span> (6) (8)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Malaysian company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zL94ZR2BtuX6" title="Ownership percentage">7</span>% owned by Fortress Cove, and <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--EHHLMember_zbDn0prRkt7h" title="Ownership percentage">93</span>% owned by EHHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember_zk5QlVZjqNCc" title="Date of incorporation">November 23, 2023</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct sale of holistic wellness consumer products and services in Malaysia</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--WeithManagementLimitedMember_fKDcp_zh8ClXIG5Y54" title="Name of company">Weith Management Limited (“Weith”)</span> (7)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">British Virgin Islands company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--WeithManagementLimitedMember_zgIbDFUJnby4" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthHKLimitedMember_zKRtl6uAlEM4" title="Name of company">EUDA Health HK Limited (“EHHK”)</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Hong Kong company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthHKLimitedMember_z49pA9jnjEFb" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHPL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthHKLimitedMember_zhroh3XBnVf1" title="Date of incorporation">30 March 2026</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--GuangdongEUDAHealthManagementCoLtdMember_zc5jtts0cA36" title="Name of company">Guangdong EUDA Health Management Co., Ltd (“EHChina”)</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A PRC limited liability company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--GuangdongEUDAHealthManagementCoLtdMember_zc20Mx7dCjS7" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHHK</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--GuangdongEUDAHealthManagementCoLtdMember_z00Gt5YuDXl" title="Date of incorporation">11 June 2026</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F09_zuI8oW8DtH0j" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1D_zHBOYxO5z7nk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These entities were presented as a discontinued operation in accompanying consolidated financial statements.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F0A_zzzWUYeEkPcf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1A_zKmA0BWDw4B2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On August 28, 2023, these entities were struck off and dissolved. </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F0A_z6pxSFn0mPy3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_z64ncjLQpR04" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On December 30, 2024, the Company sold <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPercentageOfOwnershipAfterTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20241230__20241230__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--MerlionClubLimitedMember_zwPrfmDvO8M9" title="Equity interest sold percentage">100</span>% equity interest of KRHSG to Merlion Club Limited, an unrelated party, for a consideration of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20241230__20241230__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--MerlionClubLimitedMember_zm3lTXLVceX6" title="Consideration amount">1</span>.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F05_zQZfBn72RYC7" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zEf36nw76iSl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On January 1, 2024, the Company lost control of SEMA while it was undergoing liquidation. Accordingly, the Company deconsolidated SEMA from its consolidated financial statements effective as of that date.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F02_zwvkGSAdODV6" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F14_zTaUPO2ZCqLk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On January 1, 2024, the Company lost control of Euda PL, and its subsidiary ZKTV PL, while they were undergoing liquidation. Accordingly, the Company deconsolidated Euda PL and ZKTV PL from its consolidated financial statements effective as of that date.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F02_zGzF3F2X5rdf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F15_z1jO7g76nNDh" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On February 17, 2025, EHHL and Fortress subscribed for equity interests in CKHP. On April 16, 2025, EHHL made an additional equity subscription in CKHP. As of the date of this report, EHHL and Fortress hold approximately <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20250217__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--EHHLMember_zVOOm5Zym7C8" title="Ownership percentage">93</span>% and <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20250217__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zzn56iX2wiI2" title="Ownership percentage">7</span>% equity interests in CKHP, respectively.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F01_zQykUJEuAs4j" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1A_zNPp8a2EX0W9" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On April 30, 2025, the Company acquired 100% equity interest in Weith from Alfred Lim, an executive director and shareholder of the Company, for nil consideration. As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, Weith has no substantive operations other than serving as a holding company.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F07_z2PjD3rlc5b4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1C_zU2B9iYxVCOf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On January 8, 2026, CKHP changed its name to EUDA Health Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A6_zX0pdj1hCgP4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 500000 15000000.0 An additional one million ordinary shares will be issued to the persons named in the Share Purchase Agreement if certain financial performance milestones based on CKHP’s net income for the fiscal years 2024 and 2025 are met. 428571 35 71429 <p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTextBlock_z4rKGppmFlIe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the activities of EUDA and each of the following entities:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_8B9_zHnUri1Q40B1" style="display: none">Schedule of consolidated financial statement reflect the activities of entities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Background</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ownership</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthLimitedMember_z4yEIV5br9c4" title="Name of company">EUDA Health Limited (“EHL”)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%">A British Virgin Islands company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthLimitedMember_zVAKV54Cthcd" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA</td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthLimitedMember_zcWtE8gCQV56" title="Date of incorporation">June 8, 2021</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A holding Company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_fKDEpKDMp_zUNLiyPaudjd" title="Name of company">Kent Ridge Healthcare Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“KRHSG”)</span> (1) (3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_zP5pnQElxVP8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_zI1hgcZUjz6c" title="Date of incorporation">November 9, 2017</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multi-care specialty group offering range of specialty care services to patients.</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDUp_z8bIkuNSpOB8" title="Name of company">EUDA Private Limited (“EUDA PL”)</span> (1) (5)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAPrivateLimitedMember_zCIKVZwLOE84" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAPrivateLimitedMember_zcol31PN043i" title="Date of incorporation">April 13, 2018</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A digital health company that provides a platform to serve the healthcare industry</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitekVietnamPrivateLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_fKDEpKDUp_zCXBACfKUnyh" title="Name of company">Zukitek Vietnam Private Limited Liability Company (“ZKTV PL”)</span> (1) (5)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Vietnam company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitekVietnamPrivateLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_zhLQXvZxZr64" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA PL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitekVietnamPrivateLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_zkrXmDSrfyX6" title="Date of incorporation">May 2, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Research and Development Company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SingaporeEmergencyMedicalAssistancePrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDQp_zXJySOQATATf" title="Name of company">Singapore Emergency Medical Assistance Private Limited (“SEMA”)</span> (1) (4)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SingaporeEmergencyMedicalAssistancePrivateLimitedMember_zIFXgUW1vCn1" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incorporated <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SingaporeEmergencyMedicalAssistancePrivateLimitedMember_z8NzuqV2qbvg" title="Date of incorporation">March 18, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDADoctorPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDIp_zmoXhlS3lFD4" title="Name of company">EUDA Doctor Private Limited (“ED PL”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incorporated <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDADoctorPrivateLimitedMember_zHElvywpFuNc" title="Date of incorporation">March 18, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDADoctorPrivateLimitedMember_zONNrKGVNlb3" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A platform solution for doctors and physicians to find, connect, and collaborate with trusted peers, specialists, and other professionals</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHillPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDIp_zSyAW1nEC5E6" title="Name of company">Kent Ridge Hill Private Limited (“KR Hill PL”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHillPrivateLimitedMember_zT32gesWyryj" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHillPrivateLimitedMember_zuFkcihH62e2" title="Date of incorporation">December 1, 2021</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A B2B2C pharmaceutical and OTC drugs e-commerce platform to promote its drug products</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthLimitedMember_zjtUDz9eyVxi" title="Name of company">Kent Ridge Health Limited (“KRHL”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A British Virgin Islands company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthLimitedMember_zztNCaEZQvnj" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthLimitedMember_zxFN4S3RvTti" title="Date of incorporation">June 8, 2021</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitechPrivateLimitedMember_fKDEpKDIp_zZlE6rg0HKsd" title="Name of company">Zukitech Private Limited (“ZKT PL”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitechPrivateLimitedMember_z5l2zGjmdgn8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukitechPrivateLimitedMember_zgQjdWyRYVDg" title="Date of incorporation">June 13, 2019</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SuperGatewayGroupLimitedMember_zT2ElW1O0Bva" title="Name of company">Super Gateway Group Limited (“SGGL”)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">A British Virgin Islands company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SuperGatewayGroupLimitedMember_zvgZmMN5ttv8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--SuperGatewayGroupLimitedMember_zHnqHiDD0Chh" title="Date of incorporation">April 18, 2008</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">●</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">A holding company</td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z5YIreWT6wNe" title="Name of company">Universal Gateway International Pte. Ltd. (“UGI”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z004iPObU1Pa" title="Ownership percentage">98.3</span>% owned by SGGL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z5W7jBBRKSGe" title="Date of incorporation">September 30, 2000</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registered capital of RMB <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--RegisteredCapital_iI_uCNY_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UniversalGatewayInternationalPteLtdMember_z8dhUahC5lNl" title="Registered capital">5,000,000</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--MelanaInternationalPteLtdMember_zsDIJcjHKxT1" title="Name of company">Melana International Pte. Ltd. (“Melana”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--MelanaInternationalPteLtdMember_zjQsxPayquL8" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by UGI</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--MelanaInternationalPteLtdMember_zNXTsnx8EkQj" title="Date of incorporation">September 9, 2000</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property management service that services shopping malls, business office building, or residential apartments</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TriGlobalSecurityPteLtdMember_zI3QoZquh1sj" title="Name of company">Tri-Global Security Pte. Ltd. (“Tri-Global”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TriGlobalSecurityPteLtdMember_zABd95zNSILl" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by UGI</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TriGlobalSecurityPteLtdMember_zTMiBwAiuAk" title="Date of incorporation">August 10, 2000</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property security service that services shopping malls, business office building, or residential apartments</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zB1ZJI0JjxD1" title="Name of company">UG Digitech Private Limited (“UGD”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zUIWwauyfeta" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by UGI</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zxirUYLA5EJd" title="Date of incorporation">August 16, 2001</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--NosweatFitnessCompanyPrivateLimitedMember_fKDIp_zbcYPgdU808c" title="Name of company">Nosweat Fitness Company Private Limited (“NFC”)</span> (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--NosweatFitnessCompanyPrivateLimitedMember_z9ZlwTlHt6sa" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--NosweatFitnessCompanyPrivateLimitedMember_zfoQJ8rTY6Q1" title="Date of incorporation">July 6, 2021</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A virtual personal training platform for fitness enthusiasts</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TrueCoverPrivateLimitedMember_fKDIp_zddMxKpYtdqd" title="Name of company">True Cover Private Limited (“TCPL”)</span> (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TrueCoverPrivateLimitedMember_zQlt3GmtOxZe" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--TrueCoverPrivateLimitedMember_zr9XyaCY7hA4" title="Date of incorporation">December 1, 2021</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A B2B e-claims healthcare insurance platform</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KRDigitalPteLtdMember_fKDEpKDIp_zavtqXRYDd72" title="Name of company">KR Digital Pte. Ltd. (“KR Digital”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KRDigitalPteLtdMember_zPoNzYiQw2z1" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KRHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KRDigitalPteLtdMember_zEn5ynmr8BM2" title="Date of incorporation">December 29, 2021</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Development of software and applications</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukihealthSdnBhdMember_fKDEpKDIp_zhnfGiB2p5J3" title="Name of company">Zukihealth Sdn. Bhd. (“Zukihealth”)</span> (1) (2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Malaysian company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukihealthSdnBhdMember_z0fpvjAueH93" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by KR Digital</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--ZukihealthSdnBhdMember_zanAxwmWfZ37" title="Date of incorporation">February 15, 2018</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distribution of health care supplement products</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EudaHealthPteLtdMember_zZqOmsNteG1d" title="Name of company">Euda Health Pte. Ltd. (“EHPL”)</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Singapore company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EudaHealthPteLtdMember_zgUfTvt30px2" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EudaHealthPteLtdMember_zU5gX3eWWDec" title="Date of incorporation">May 26, 2023</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management consultancy services for healthcare organization</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zEma3pOMqjO7" title="Name of company">Fortress Cove Limited (“Fortress Cove”)</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">British Virgin Islands company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_znPIy4SRFkd3" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zGc6Od3XOfH9" title="Date of incorporation">November 2, 2023</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember_fKDYpKDgp_zFR8F6oUCVk1" title="Name of company">EUDA Health Malaysia Sdn Bhd (formerly known as CK Health Plus Sdn Bhd) (“CKHP”)</span> (6) (8)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Malaysian company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zL94ZR2BtuX6" title="Ownership percentage">7</span>% owned by Fortress Cove, and <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--EHHLMember_zbDn0prRkt7h" title="Ownership percentage">93</span>% owned by EHHL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember_zk5QlVZjqNCc" title="Date of incorporation">November 23, 2023</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct sale of holistic wellness consumer products and services in Malaysia</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--WeithManagementLimitedMember_fKDcp_zh8ClXIG5Y54" title="Name of company">Weith Management Limited (“Weith”)</span> (7)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">British Virgin Islands company </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--WeithManagementLimitedMember_zgIbDFUJnby4" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EUDA</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A holding company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthHKLimitedMember_zKRtl6uAlEM4" title="Name of company">EUDA Health HK Limited (“EHHK”)</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A Hong Kong company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthHKLimitedMember_z49pA9jnjEFb" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHPL</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthHKLimitedMember_zhroh3XBnVf1" title="Date of incorporation">30 March 2026</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_ecustom--NameOfCompany_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--GuangdongEUDAHealthManagementCoLtdMember_zc5jtts0cA36" title="Name of company">Guangdong EUDA Health Management Co., Ltd (“EHChina”)</span> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A PRC limited liability company</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--GuangdongEUDAHealthManagementCoLtdMember_zc20Mx7dCjS7" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% owned by EHHK</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated on <span id="xdx_904_ecustom--DateOfIncorporation_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--GuangdongEUDAHealthManagementCoLtdMember_z00Gt5YuDXl" title="Date of incorporation">11 June 2026</span></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operation has not been commenced</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F09_zuI8oW8DtH0j" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1D_zHBOYxO5z7nk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These entities were presented as a discontinued operation in accompanying consolidated financial statements.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F0A_zzzWUYeEkPcf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1A_zKmA0BWDw4B2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On August 28, 2023, these entities were struck off and dissolved. </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F0A_z6pxSFn0mPy3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_z64ncjLQpR04" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On December 30, 2024, the Company sold <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPercentageOfOwnershipAfterTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20241230__20241230__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--MerlionClubLimitedMember_zwPrfmDvO8M9" title="Equity interest sold percentage">100</span>% equity interest of KRHSG to Merlion Club Limited, an unrelated party, for a consideration of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20241230__20241230__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--MerlionClubLimitedMember_zm3lTXLVceX6" title="Consideration amount">1</span>.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F05_zQZfBn72RYC7" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zEf36nw76iSl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On January 1, 2024, the Company lost control of SEMA while it was undergoing liquidation. Accordingly, the Company deconsolidated SEMA from its consolidated financial statements effective as of that date.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F02_zwvkGSAdODV6" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F14_zTaUPO2ZCqLk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On January 1, 2024, the Company lost control of Euda PL, and its subsidiary ZKTV PL, while they were undergoing liquidation. Accordingly, the Company deconsolidated Euda PL and ZKTV PL from its consolidated financial statements effective as of that date.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F02_zGzF3F2X5rdf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F15_z1jO7g76nNDh" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On February 17, 2025, EHHL and Fortress subscribed for equity interests in CKHP. On April 16, 2025, EHHL made an additional equity subscription in CKHP. As of the date of this report, EHHL and Fortress hold approximately <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20250217__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--EHHLMember_zVOOm5Zym7C8" title="Ownership percentage">93</span>% and <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBmaW5hbmNpYWwgc3RhdGVtZW50IHJlZmxlY3QgdGhlIGFjdGl2aXRpZXMgb2YgZW50aXRpZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20250217__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EUDAHealthMalaysiaSdnBhdMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--FortressCoveLimitedMember_zzn56iX2wiI2" title="Ownership percentage">7</span>% equity interests in CKHP, respectively.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F01_zQykUJEuAs4j" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1A_zNPp8a2EX0W9" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On April 30, 2025, the Company acquired 100% equity interest in Weith from Alfred Lim, an executive director and shareholder of the Company, for nil consideration. As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, Weith has no substantive operations other than serving as a holding company.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F07_z2PjD3rlc5b4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1C_zU2B9iYxVCOf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On January 8, 2026, CKHP changed its name to EUDA Health Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. </span></td></tr> </table> EUDA Health Limited (“EHL”) 1 June 8, 2021 Kent Ridge Healthcare Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“KRHSG”) 1 November 9, 2017 EUDA Private Limited (“EUDA PL”) 1 April 13, 2018 Zukitek Vietnam Private Limited Liability Company (“ZKTV PL”) 1 May 2, 2019 Singapore Emergency Medical Assistance Private Limited (“SEMA”) 1 March 18, 2019 EUDA Doctor Private Limited (“ED PL”) March 18, 2019 1 Kent Ridge Hill Private Limited (“KR Hill PL”) 1 December 1, 2021 Kent Ridge Health Limited (“KRHL”) 1 June 8, 2021 Zukitech Private Limited (“ZKT PL”) 1 June 13, 2019 Super Gateway Group Limited (“SGGL”) 1 April 18, 2008 Universal Gateway International Pte. Ltd. (“UGI”) 0.983 September 30, 2000 5000000 Melana International Pte. Ltd. (“Melana”) 1 September 9, 2000 Tri-Global Security Pte. Ltd. (“Tri-Global”) 1 August 10, 2000 UG Digitech Private Limited (“UGD”) 1 August 16, 2001 Nosweat Fitness Company Private Limited (“NFC”) 1 July 6, 2021 True Cover Private Limited (“TCPL”) 1 December 1, 2021 KR Digital Pte. Ltd. (“KR Digital”) 1 December 29, 2021 Zukihealth Sdn. Bhd. (“Zukihealth”) 1 February 15, 2018 Euda Health Pte. Ltd. (“EHPL”) 1 May 26, 2023 Fortress Cove Limited (“Fortress Cove”) 1 November 2, 2023 EUDA Health Malaysia Sdn Bhd (formerly known as CK Health Plus Sdn Bhd) (“CKHP”) 0.07 0.93 November 23, 2023 Weith Management Limited (“Weith”) 1 EUDA Health HK Limited (“EHHK”) 1 30 March 2026 Guangdong EUDA Health Management Co., Ltd (“EHChina”) 1 11 June 2026 1 1 0.93 0.07 <p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--SubstantialDoubtAboutGoingConcernTextBlock_zc6RYfMXxd8k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 2 – <span id="xdx_820_zlWQulyOM3j7">Going concern</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In assessing the Company’s going concern, the Company monitors and analyzes its cash on-hand and its operating and capital expenditure commitments. The Company’s liquidity needs are to meet its working capital requirements, operating expenses and capital expenditure obligations. Debt financing in the form of short-term borrowings from private lenders, third parties and related parties and cash generated from operations have been utilized to finance the working capital requirements of the Company. As of June 30, 2026, the Company’s working capital was approximately $<span id="xdx_903_ecustom--WorkingCapital_iI_pn5n6_c20260630_zOSBTSgqyVU6" title="Working capital">5.5</span> million, and the Company had cash of approximately $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--Cash_iI_pn5n6_c20260630_z7qRs3ct1YJl" title="Cash">0.4</span> million. The Company has experienced recurring losses from operations and negative cash flows from operating activities since 2020. In addition, the Company had, and will likely continue to have, an ongoing need to raise additional cash from outside sources to fund its operations and any expansion plan. Successful transition to attaining profitable operations is dependent upon achieving a level of revenues adequate to support the Company’s cost structure. In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with ASC Subtopic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern, management has determined that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that our consolidated financial statements are issued.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If the Company is unable to generate sufficient funds to finance the working capital requirements of the Company within the normal operating cycle of a twelve-month period from the date of these financial statements are issued, the Company may have to consider supplementing its available sources of funds through the following sources:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other available sources of financing from Singapore banks and other financial institutions or private lender;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">equity financing. </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company can make no assurances that required financing will be available for the amounts needed, or on terms commercially acceptable to the Company, if at all. If one or all of these events does not occur or subsequent capital raises are insufficient to bridge financial and liquidity shortfall, there would likely be a material adverse effect on the Company and would materially adversely affect its ability to continue as a going concern.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. Management is trying to alleviate the going concern risk by securing various financing resources, including but not limited to borrowing from the Company’s shareholders and certain of their affiliates, as well as the possibility of raising funds through a future public offering thereby, enabling the Company to meet its liabilities as and when required for the next twelve months. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 5500000 400000 <p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zV7DcxdPPld8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 3 – <span id="xdx_824_zlVUGETJtm3g">Summary of significant accounting policies</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zP46xMFYoKEh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Basis of presentation</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for information pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2026, and for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 reflect all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flow for such interim periods. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year of 2026. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto, included in the Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on April 29, 2026.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zNRDsTNMEsYf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Principles of consolidation</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A subsidiary is an entity in which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power; or has the power to govern the financial and operating policies, to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, or to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of directors.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zh2fPQseW5G3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Use of estimates</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include lease classification and liabilities, right-of-use assets, determinations of the useful lives and valuation of long-lived assets, fair value of the identifiable intangible assets through assets acquisition, estimate of the useful life of the intangible assets, estimates of allowances for credit losses, estimates of impairment of long-lived assets, valuation of deferred tax assets, other provisions and contingencies, estimated fair value of earn-out shares, prepaid forward purchase liability and private warrants. Actual results could differ from these estimates.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_zZ8J4MxIhfnh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Foreign currency translation and transaction</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The reporting currency of the Company is United States Dollars (“US$”) and the accompanying financial statements have been expressed in US$. The Company’s subsidiaries in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and China conduct its businesses and maintain its books and records in the local currency, Singapore Dollars (“SGD”), Malaysian Ringgits (“MYR”), Hong Kong Dollar (“HKD”) and Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”), as their functional currency, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In general, for consolidation purposes, assets and liabilities of its subsidiaries whose functional currency is not US$ are translated into US$, in accordance with ASC Topic 830-30, “<i>Translation of Financial Statement”</i>, using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the period. The gains and losses resulting from translation of financial statements of foreign subsidiary are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within the statements of shareholders’ equity (deficit). Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the periods, therefore, amounts reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntercompanyForeignCurrencyBalancesTextBlock_zamaEq4i6Da1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Translation of foreign currencies into US$1 have been made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B6_z2F2Yyp6qTtf" style="display: none">Schedule of foreign currency exchange rates</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630_zSSQ5OQlPY1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20251231_zUqlEzTP9x4g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--SGD_zyQxMhFgqp29" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end SGD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--MYR_zUru9xdokVBh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end MYR: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.08</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.06</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--HKD_zyDCmgrWAFk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end HKD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.84</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0759">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zkJCpmF8kIb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end RMB: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.79</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zBuoORw0cMC3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end exchange rate</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.79</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0765">-</span></span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630_zXbdw7tSJxF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20250630_zDAiAzg8uhg4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the six months ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--SGD_zYtbmi3i25Mj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average SGD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.28</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.32</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--MYR_z7reBmSS0wT3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average MYR: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.98</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.37</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--HKD_zBa2JdB0Qvdf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average HKD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.83</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zzjYw3qENwc7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average RMB: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.86</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0777">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zNbZRjVfcCRg" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average exchange rate</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.86</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0780">-</span></span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AF_zrWvWeHjaNo2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84B_ecustom--NonControllingInterestPolicyTextBlock_zeQld29Ourzc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Non-controlling interests</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the Company’s non-wholly owned subsidiaries, a non-controlling interest is recognized to reflect portion of equity that is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company. The cumulative results of operations attributable to non-controlling interests are also recorded as non-controlling interests in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Cash flows related to transactions with non-controlling interests are presented under financing activities in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zRjtNBAIqnl3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Segment reporting</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company uses the management approach in determining its operating segments. The management approach considers the internal reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company’s CODM has been designated as the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) who reviews the financial information of separate operating segments when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As described in Note 4, in September 2023, the Board resolved on the plan to streamline its medical services practice, which business was carried through subsidiaries of KRHSG, EUDA PL, ZKTV PL, SEMA, ED PL, KR Hill PL, ZKT PL, KR Digital, and Zukihealth, as the Company transitioned its business to other medical service fields. The streamlining of the Company’s medical services practice was accounted for as a discontinued operation because it represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with ASC 205-20-45.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 6, 2024, the Company has acquired 100% equity interest in Fortress Cove and its subsidiary CKHP, whose business operation relates to sales of holistic wellness consumer products and services in Malaysia. Upon the completion of the streamlining of its medical service practice and acquisition of Fortress Cove and its subsidiary, the Company reorganized its business to have <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_dc_uSegment_c20260101__20260630_zlcCU3jxJSw">two</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">reportable segments: property management services, and holistic wellness consumer products and services. The structure of these segments reflect the financial information and reports used by the Company’s management, specifically its Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), to make decisions regarding the Company’s business, including resource allocations and performance assessments. All assets and continuing operations of the Company are physically located or domiciled in Singapore and Malaysia.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationsPolicy_zQt1arWm7PA3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Acquisitions of assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company applies the definition of a business in ASC 805, Business Combinations, to determine whether it is acquiring a business or a group of assets. When an acquired group of assets does not constitute a business, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. The cost of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in asset acquisitions is allocated based upon relative fair value. In the event that the cost of the asset acquisition exceed the fair value of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, any excess cost over fair value should generally be allocated to the acquired assets on a relative fair value basis. This may result in certain assets being recognized in excess of their fair values, as measured in accordance with ASC 820.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zt7Yqbdgdg8k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Cash and cash equivalents</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use and have original maturities less than three months.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_840_ecustom--CryptoAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zzLeOAiJANUd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Crypto assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s crypto assets primarily consist of QB Tokens, which are intended to be used solely for utility purposes within EUDA’s new digital health and rewards platform ecosystem which has yet to be launched at the time of this report. The Company has ownership and control of its crypto assets, which are maintained in Company-controlled digital wallets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s crypto assets meet the criteria for accounting under ASC 350-60, <i>Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Crypto Assets</i> (“ASC 350-60”). Crypto assets are initially measured based on the nature of the transaction through which the assets are acquired.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subsequent to initial recognition, crypto assets are measured at fair value, with gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized in net income (loss). The Company determines the fair value of its crypto assets at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, <i>Fair Value Measurement</i>..</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy_zuuMZ6rcfOP8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Accounts receivable, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts receivable, net are recorded at the invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts and do not bear interest, which are due after 30 to 90 days, depending on the credit term with its customers. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on an ongoing basis, using historical collection trends and aging of receivables. Management also periodically evaluates individual customer’s financial condition, credit history, and the current economic conditions to make adjustments in the allowance when it is considered necessary.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s accounts receivable and other receivables are within the scope of ASC Topic 326. To estimate expected credit losses, the Company has identified the relevant risk characteristics of the receivables which include size and nature. Receivables with similar risk characteristics have been grouped into pools. For each pool, the Company considers the past collection experience, current economic conditions and future economic conditions (external data and macroeconomic factors). This is assessed at each quarter based on the Company’s specific facts and circumstances. There have been no significant changes in the assumptions since adoption. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company’s management continues to evaluate the reasonableness of the valuation allowance policy and update it if necessary. Allowance for credit losses amounted to $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iI_c20260630_zrF3hDTbNDh6" title="Allowance for credit losses">2,555</span> and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iI_c20251231_zgYLxokcUmoh" title="Allowance for credit losses">2,571</span> related to accounts receivable was recorded as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_844_eus-gaap--InventoryPolicyTextBlock_zVsQRdpAcrv6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Inventories, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventories consist of finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the moving average unit cost method. Management reviews inventory on hand periodically for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable items, as compared to future demand requirements and the shelf life of the various products. Based on the review, the Company records inventory write-downs, when necessary, when costs exceed expected net realizable value. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InventoryWriteDown_c20260101__20260630_zUxeXSw0MeG8" title="Inventory obsolescence">0</span> and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--InventoryWriteDown_c20250101__20251231_zfXBpqfaMSAf" title="Inventory obsolescence">86,656</span> inventories write-down related to obsolescence or unmarketable items were recorded, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--ReceivablesPolicyTextBlock_zeRNVkT1oYvc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Other receivables</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other receivables primarily include receivables from employee advance, and refundable deposits from third party service providers. Management regularly reviews the aging of receivables and changes in payment trends and records allowances when management believes collection of amounts due are at risk. Accounts considered uncollectable are written off against allowances after exhaustive efforts at collection are made. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OtherReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_iI_c20260630_zMLHo5Y1DO4l" title="Allowance for credit losses related to other receivables">25,853</span> and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OtherReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_iI_c20251231_zFOOvamhoQnf" title="Allowance for credit losses related to other receivables">0</span> allowance for credit losses related to other receivables were recorded, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_848_ecustom--PrepaidExpensesAndOtherAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zDQXnstWidi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expenses and other current assets primarily include prepaid expenses paid to services providers, and other deposits. Management regularly reviews the aging of such balances and changes in payment and realization trends and records allowances when management believes collection or realization of amounts due are at risk. Accounts considered uncollectable are written off against allowances after exhaustive efforts at collection are made. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountRelatedToPrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssets_iI_do_c20260630_zGkACqlbYx9h" title="Allowance for doubtful account related to prepaid expenses and other current assets"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountRelatedToPrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssets_iI_do_c20251231_zmDA0JA0lGoi" title="Allowance for doubtful account related to prepaid expenses and other current assets">no</span></span> allowance for doubtful account related to prepaid expenses and other current assets was recorded.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zO7HMbKX3Nr4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Long-term investment</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company holds <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechSdnBhdMember_zaAMuHfxhWi6" title="Ownership percentage"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20251231__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechSdnBhdMember_zUqArURv5fPd" title="Ownership percentage">39.3</span></span>% of the equity interests in UG Digitech Sdn. Bhd.(“UGDSB”) through UG Digitech Private Limited (“UGD”), the Company’s <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipSubsidiaryPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zOm3gAlejbYc" title="Ownership subsidiary percentage"><span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipSubsidiaryPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20251231__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_z2mM09hrOn1j" title="Ownership subsidiary percentage">98.3</span></span>% owned subsidiary, with carrying value of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_znpG4B5iwN9i" title="Carrying amount"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount_c20250101__20251231__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_ztnsiS7KGyX3" title="Carrying amount">0</span></span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_zzeUR5pEiBn4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Property and equipment, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_zNlBs92itVLe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets with no residual value. The estimated useful lives are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B3_z2luG66Rkjlc" style="display: none">Schedule of property and equipment useful lives</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected useful lives</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 67%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office equipment</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 31%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--OfficeEquipmentMember_zfoPnSSkQ1W8" title="Estimated useful lives">3</span> years</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leasehold improvement</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeDescriptionOfTermExtensibleEnumeration_iI_dxL_c20260630__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsMember_zoQj0eCEAOce" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2026%23LeaseholdImprovementsMember"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0836">Shorter of the lease term or 5 years</span></span></span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A1_z49Vzt15lqaj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred, while additions, renewals and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company reviews property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future net undiscounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset, if any, exceeds its fair value determined using a discounted cash flow model. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, there was <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ImpairmentOfPropertyAndEquipment_do_c20260101__20260630_zDVjKnYlGknl" title="Impairment of property and equipment"><span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--ImpairmentOfPropertyAndEquipment_do_c20250101__20250630_zMwNjnGP1Fs8" title="Impairment of property and equipment">no</span></span> impairment of property and equipment recognized.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy_zccrxxDxIDJj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Intangible assets, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_zDcEouUoF1E" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchased intangible assets are recognized and measured at fair value upon acquisition. Separately identifiable intangible assets that have determinable lives continue to be amortized over the Company’s best estimate of its useful life as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B2_zurSkBbv09F5" style="display: none">Schedule of intangible assets useful life</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Categories</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Useful life</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distribution rights</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zUr4ajivW2fl" title="Estimated useful life">2</span>-<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zXexEMhCJuyh" title="Estimated useful life">3</span> years</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Software</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__custom--SoftwareMember_zCRIfhDMzwNd" title="Useful life">5</span> years</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A6_zJSy8cthJmkf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company amortizes intangible assets in accordance with ASC Topic 350, ‘Intangibles - Goodwill and Other.’ Distribution rights are amortized based on the pattern in which the economic benefits are consumed, while software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its expected useful life.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Separately identifiable intangible assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of any impairment loss for identifiable intangible assets is based on the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsFinitelived_do_c20260101__20260630_z8BwYT9zLorg" title="Impairment of intangiable assets"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsFinitelived_do_c20250101__20250630_zUvjHmBlx43e" title="Impairment of intangiable assets">No</span></span> impairment of intangibles assets was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zPdl8LbUB9Ha" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Impairment for long-lived assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In accordance with ASC 360-10, Long-lived assets, including property and equipment, intangible assets with finite lives, goodwill and right of use assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of the assets based on the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate and recognize an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. If an impairment is identified, the Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company recognized <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetsToBeDisposedOf_do_c20260101__20260630_zD1Ti6Jnndl1" title="Impairment loss of long-lived assets"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetsToBeDisposedOf_do_c20250101__20250630_zwn4TzyuB3w6" title="Impairment loss of long-lived assets">no</span></span> impairment losses on long-lived assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--WarrantsPolicyTextBlock_zQG2tdioIYG5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Warrants</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own ordinary shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. The Company determined that upon further review of the warrant agreements, the Company concluded that its warrants qualify for equity accounting treatment.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon completion of the business combination, all of 8i’s then outstanding public and private warrants were replaced by the Company’s public and private warrants. The Company treated such warrants replacement as a warrant modification and no incremental fair value was recognized.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_ecustom--ConvertibleNotesAndDerivativeLiabilitiesPolicyTextBlock_zRT24QUQbxB2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Convertible notes and derivative liabilities</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for convertible notes in accordance with ASC 470, Debt, and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Convertible notes that contain embedded features—such as conversion rights, bonus shares, top-up shares, or other contingent settlement provisions—are evaluated to determine whether the features require bifurcation and separate accounting. Embedded features that are not clearly and closely related to the host instrument and do not qualify for equity classification are accounted for as derivative liabilities. These derivative liabilities are measured at fair value upon initial recognition and remeasured at each reporting date, with changes in fair value recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) until the instruments are settled.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_zG1vIFayfnm" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Revenue recognition</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company follows the revenue accounting requirements of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606”). The core principle underlying the revenue recognition of this ASU allows the Company to recognize - revenue that represents the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of goods and services transfers to a customer.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To achieve that core principle, the Company applies five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when the contract is committed in writing, the rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability is probable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue recognition policies for the revenue stream is as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Property Management Services</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligation satisfied over a period of time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company provides property management services in shopping malls, business office building, or residential apartments to all tenants and property owners. Property management services include common area property management services that contain cleaning, landscaping, public facilities maintenance and other traditional services and also include security property management services provided to all tenants and property owners. Each of the two services is within separate agreements. The Company identified common area property management services as a single performance obligation as the kinds of service in the contract are not capable of being distinct and identified the security management services as another single performance obligation as there is only one service that is to provide security services.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognizes the common area property management revenue and security property management revenue on a straight-line basis over the terms of the common area property management agreement and security property management agreement, generally over one year period because its customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company throughout the performance obligations period.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for incremental costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNetCurrent_iI_do_c20260630_zgUxRpZkwzf9" title="Contract assets"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNetCurrent_iI_do_c20251231_z6oBlW0ZYitf" title="Contract assets">no</span></span>t have any contract assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognized advance payments from its customers prior to revenue recognition as contract liability until the revenue recognition performance obligation are met. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_iI_do_c20260630_zUmFt1bWX6J7" title="Contract liability"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_iI_do_c20251231_zk94Sm7D3Po" title="Contract liability">no</span></span>t have any contract liability.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sales of holistic wellness consumer products</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company derives its revenues from sales contracts with its customers with revenues being recognized when control of the holistic wellness consumer products are transferred to its customer at the Company’s office or shipment of the goods. The revenue is recorded net of estimated discounts and return allowances. Historically, there were insignificant sales returns.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Wellness therapies service</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company carries out its Wellness Therapies services, offering prepaid therapy session packages to customers. The primary performance obligation is providing individual therapy sessions. Each therapy session is considered a separate and distinct performance obligation that provides immediate benefit to the customer upon completion. The total transaction price is allocated evenly across each therapy session based on their relative standalone selling prices. Revenues are recognized at a point in time upon the completion of each individual therapy session. If a customer does not fully utilize all prepaid sessions by the expiration of the package, the Company is entitled to retain any remaining consideration, and the unredeemed balance is recognized as revenue upon the package’s expiration.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stem cell treatment services</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company enters into arrangements with customers to facilitate access to stem cell treatment services provided by third-party medical providers in China. The Company’s performance obligation is to arrange for the provision of such treatment services, including coordinating scheduling and acting as a liaison between the customer and the service providers. The Company does not provide the underlying treatment.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has determined that it acts as an agent in these arrangements because it does not control the treatment services before they are provided to the customer. Accordingly, revenue is recognized on a net basis, representing the service fee retained by the Company for arranging the services.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the Company has fulfilled its obligation to arrange for the treatment services, which is generally when the coordination and facilitation activities are completed and the customer is able to receive the underlying services from the third-party provider.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company requires payment in advance of providing its facilitation services. Amounts received prior to satisfying the performance obligation are recorded as contract liabilities and recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied. Service fees are generally non-refundable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied over the time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company carries out its licensing services by granting licensees non-exclusive rights to use its CKHP brand, proprietary marks, and Bioenergy Spa Capsules, along with providing ongoing business support throughout the licensing period. The primary performance obligation is to provide the licensee the right to use the branded equipment combined with ongoing operational support. The licensee benefits continuously from access to the brand, proprietary technology, and support services during the licensing period. Revenues are recognized over time throughout the licensing period as the Company satisfies its performance obligations by making the licensed rights and support services available to the licensee.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Wellness Membership Program</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied over time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company carries out its Wellness Membership Program, where customers pay a fixed fee to access ongoing wellness benefits, including services, discounts, and therapy session entitlements, over a defined membership term. The primary performance obligation is to provide continuous access to wellness services and related benefits throughout the duration of the membership. Customers consume the benefits progressively over time as they utilize the services and privileges under the membership. Revenues are recognized over time throughout the membership term as the Company satisfies its performance obligation by making the wellness products and services available to members.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for incremental costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNet_iI_do_c20260630_zO0FCq61y4g2" title="Contract assets"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNet_iI_do_c20251231_zAod1wwgegE5" title="Contract assets">no</span></span>t have any contract assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognized advance payments from its customers prior to revenue recognition as contract liability until the revenue recognition performance obligation is met. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company recorded $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiability_iI_c20260630_zEgNP9R7Ivf7" title="Contract liabilities">242,341</span> and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiability_iI_c20251231_zyoyZh389rFh" title="Contract liabilities">522,030</span> of contract liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfPrincipalTransactionsRevenueTextBlock_z1lYJ9DLFYU7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated information of revenues by products/services are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BB_zbufPrFORTTi" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of revenues</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20260101__20260630_zEkb37qgStZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20250101__20250630_zuL0MPk2lNoj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServiceCommonAreaManagementMember_zpgnuxh04zL5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – common area management</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,703,641</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,551,033</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServiceSecurityManagementMember_zW64jvuHzTng" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – security management</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">551,520</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">538,008</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z6QDb2a2rT7e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total property management service revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,255,161</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,089,041</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products and services:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsMember_z6yoohI0s841" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">369,474</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">102,055</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessTherapiesServiceMember_zOtwKQAZBwk4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness therapies service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">712,595</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">724,590</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--StemCellTreatmentServiceMember_zOHVxrgIzaTe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stem cell treatment service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,254</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0902">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--LicensingServiceOfBioenergyCabinMember_zAVQwRcFAoW7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">42,351</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,145</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessMembershipProgramMember_z8PFgqIxG42k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness Membership Program</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0907">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">49,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesIncludingOthersRevenueMember_zer42RHLdec" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total holistic wellness consumer products and service revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,212,674</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">968,282</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OthersMember_zeZtu9NVktq2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">74,497</p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_z2mdj2xB4zm3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A6_zMZZL1rPgjZf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_z4xxZYw1VbJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Cost of revenues</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Property Management Services</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost of revenues mainly consists of labor expenses incurred attributable to property management service.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfCostOfRevenueTableTextBlock_zhRp2ysuZhc3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated information of cost of revenues by products/services are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B1_zn2CQXSMNhOb" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of cost of revenues</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630_zqz5H80dv0pi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_z9ZdxIqVeVq1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesCommonAreaManagementMember_zarFaPgJIbMb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – common area management</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,383,997</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,152,007</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesSecurityManagementMember_zstEjtLLtQLl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – security management</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">497,086</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">470,139</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zsvJRu4S5Nra" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total property management service cost of revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,881,083</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,622,146</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products and services:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsMember_zgXtQlqXIYMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">272,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,330</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessTherapieServiceMember_zLIt9zuHqyE3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness therapies service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">791</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">522,533</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--LicensingServiceOfBioEnergyCabinMember_zuhd7APBbsx7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31,119</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0939">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zvemK3ZKj8Nb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total holistic wellness consumer products and service cost of revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">304,867</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">599,863</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_msGPzasB_zgoTOo5kLQM5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total cost of revenues</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,185,950</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,222,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A4_zhaGMOuatuAk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zs45IwvImOpl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Advertising costs</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advertising is mainly through online and offline promotion activities. Advertising costs amounted to $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_c20260101__20260630_zyAFn5JpDz07" title="Advertising cost">51,619</span> and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_c20250101__20250630_zhZHKPwDttLa" title="Advertising cost">30,648</span> for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_842_ecustom--DefinedContributionPlanPolicyTextBlock_z53ky5YCxtbh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Defined contribution plan</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The full-time employees of the Company are entitled to the government mandated defined contribution plan. The Company is required to accrue and pay for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ respective salaries, subject to certain ceilings, in accordance with the relevant government regulations, and make cash contributions to the government mandated defined contribution plan. Total expenses for the plans were $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation_c20260101__20260630_zESNKGXozhhk" title="Employee expenses">203,502</span> and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation_c20250101__20250630_zbbiyCRdKFCb" title="Employee expenses">198,960</span> for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The related contribution plans include:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Singapore subsidiaries</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Central Provident Fund (“CPF”) – <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--CentralProvidentFundMember_zi1vLMwi7SK8" title="Employee plan description">17.00% based on employee’s monthly salary for employees aged 55 and below, reduces progressively to 7.5% as age increase</span>;</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Skill Development Levy (“SDL”) – <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--SkillDevelopmentLevyMember_zPiTC81YhJ1h" title="Employee plan description">up to 0.25% based on employee’s monthly salary capped approximately $8.3 (SGD 11.25) for each employee</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Malaysia subsidiaries</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Social Security Organization (“SOSCO”) – <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--SocialSecurityOrganizationMember_zsFzfwbyOfy4" title="Employee plan description">1.75% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000</span>;</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Employees Provident Fund (“EPF”) – <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--EmployeesProvidentFundMember_zdjSXLGSeqI6" title="Employee plan description">12% based on employee’s monthly salary</span>;</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Employment Insurance System (“EIS”) – <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--EmploymentInsuranceSystemMember_zhy8P7q2NEs" title="Employee plan description">0.2% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_840_ecustom--GoodsAndServicesTaxesPolicyTextBlock_zcKh6ARl17L7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Goods and services taxes (“GST”)</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue represents the invoiced value of service, net GST. The GST are based on gross sales price. GST rate is generally <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--GoodsAndServicesTaxesRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zGzUpjpE2X8j" title="Goods and services taxes rate">9</span>% and <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--GoodsAndServicesTaxesRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20250101__20250630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zrHpWrmqQf32" title="Goods and services taxes rate">9</span>%, for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively in Singapore. Entities that are GST general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input GST paid to suppliers against their output GST liabilities. Net GST balance between input GST and output GST is recorded in tax payable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_z5Ny4ZtEX2mg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Income taxes</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income tax. The charge for taxation is based on the results for the fiscal year and adjusted for items, which are non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred tax is calculated using the balance sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax basis. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable income will be utilized with prior net operating loss carried forwards using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or charged directly to equity. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be utilized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is more-likely-than-not of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense_do_c20260101__20260630_zk9PTnpEL5ub" title="Penalties and interest"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense_do_c20250101__20250630_zLv8VrHzxdB9" title="Penalties and interest">No</span></span> penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. As of June 30, 2026 , the tax returns of the Company’s Singapore entities for the calendar year from 2022 through 2025 remain open for statutory examination by Singapore tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, on the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company conducts much of its business activities in Singapore and Malaysia and is subject to tax in its jurisdiction. As a result of its business activities, the Company’s subsidiaries file separate tax returns that are subject to examination by the foreign tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock_zFexiT223k05" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Comprehensive loss</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Comprehensive loss consists of two components, net loss and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive loss refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that under GAAP are recorded as an element of shareholders’ equity but are excluded from net income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of a foreign currency translation adjustment resulting from the Company not using the U.S. dollar as its functional currencies.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_zIqxy4mIjNwg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Loss per share</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company computes loss per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net loss divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_zH2Dnk4km6s6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company calculates basic and diluted loss per share for operations as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BA_zTgKIu9rh3z6" style="display: none">Schedule of basic and diluted earnings per share</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630_zFM6FHsioV9b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20250101__20250630_zvd2jrGVfEAd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Numerator</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_zmBHFqkHLc16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net loss from operations</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(796,950</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,201,696</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_z1Rdo4rsdS37" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest from operations</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,946</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,305</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_zzSFD0kVCmyf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net loss attributable to common shareholders, basic</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(795,004</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,204,001</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Denominator</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_c20260101__20260630_zcDY4GIoOdEd" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pid_c20260101__20260630_zWpuBB2YMhxg" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted">2,429,524</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_c20250101__20250630_zQ5tX3clrOK3" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pid_c20250101__20250630_z7jS7RHVqZ04" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted">1,857,818</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loss per share, basic and diluted</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_c20260101__20260630_z21UiOxvbh04" title="Loss per share, basic"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_pid_c20260101__20260630_zPk1P6nwuBA9" title="Loss per share, diluted">(0.33</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_c20250101__20250630_z9E5StJaLvD9" title="Loss per share, basic"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_pid_c20250101__20250630_zUPRuW9vNw05" title="Loss per share, diluted">(0.65</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A7_zIOyPZtAR1Yd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026, the Company had dilutive securities from the outstanding convertible notes and warrants convertible into <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--ConvertibleDebtSecuritiesMember_zZn7qvbZL1Nj" title="Antidilutive shares">33</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> and <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--WarrantsConvertibleDebtMember_zB1PBNuliLwe" title="Antidilutive shares">222,931</span></span> ordinary shares, respectively, that were not included in the computation of dilutive loss per share because the inclusion of such convertible notes and warrants would be anti-dilutive. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of December 31, 2025, the Company had dilutive securities from the outstanding convertible notes and warrants convertible into <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--ConvertibleDebtSecuritiesMember_ztLIyS5Zfyll" title="Antidilutive shares">1,876</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares and <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--WarrantsConvertibleDebtMember_z1m98WmzJ5N6" title="Antidilutive shares">222,931</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares, respectively, that were not included in the computation of dilutive loss per share because the inclusion of such convertible notes and warrants would be anti-dilutive.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zJ0YzG2QOQQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Fair value measurements</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs required to measure fair value, of which the first two are considered observable and the third is considered unobservable:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The fair value for certain assets and liabilities such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net, other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, short-term loans, convertible notes, accounts payable, other payables and accrued liabilities, lease liabilities-current, and tax payables have been determined to approximate carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTextBlock_zTBkKcvlmGH6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial asset and liability that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B9_zN5vkjHLUh92" style="display: none">Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20260630_zXhJ3bbbMd5d" style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zmCVCzpInjF" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zoLLYwj1aSSc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zPWsDRvjj2b8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Carrying</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Value at</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30,<br/> 2026 and May 19, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value Measurement at June 30,<br/> 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iI_zfat1AyIl4pi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Crypto assets</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1025">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1026">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20251231_zMnQwRhYXHD7" style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zrC2wyLxhWD2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_z1huK9VSmkA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_z8nNjiKKeXJf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Carrying</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Value at</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,<br/> 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value Measurement at <br/> December 31, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iI_zjD0v298BU1k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrant liabilities</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1030">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1031">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A0_zGxpD3hIhDol" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zd79lwOTt2D3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of the financial assets and liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B7_zma9xl6XQqc" style="display: none">Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities recurring basis</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20260519__20260630_zDbFqqSLKUS9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Crypto assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iS_zAnzvLDBDRQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of crypto assets as of acquisition date (May 19, 2026)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetPeriodIncreaseDecrease_z2xp9Hmufo7i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in fair value of crypto assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1038">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iE_zFYzoZUCcko3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Derivative<br/> liabilities -Warrants</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of warrants upon issuance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iS_c20250101__20251231_zmY0iEEMyNM9" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants upon issuance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in fair value of warrant liability</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_c20250101__20251231_zMx5VX7nG2b2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Change in fair value of warrant liability"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of December 31, 2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iS_c20260101__20260630_zJmYrxOhrsF6" style="text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants, balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repurchase of warrant</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--RepurchaseOfWarrant_iI_c20260101__20260630_zOiIfuobvvkc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Repurchase of warrant"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(125,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iE_c20260101__20260630_zBqNlc76O3pl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants, balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1050">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AB_zHWA5USf4Zg5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zXk4fWAsdRT9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Leases</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842. The Company entered into three agreements as a lessee to lease office equipment for general and administrative operations. If any of the following criteria are met, the Company classifies the lease as a finance lease:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20260101__20260630_zdA72m7agZl6" title="Lease term description">The lease term is for 75% or more of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, unless the commencement date falls within the last 25% of the economic life of the underlying asset</span>;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtDescription_c20260101__20260630_z0hoI4AVMit6" title="Underlying asset description">The present value of the sum of the lease payments equals or exceeds 90% of the fair value of the underlying asset</span>; or</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leases that do not meet any of the above criteria are accounted for as operating leases.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company combines lease and non-lease components in its contracts under Topic 842, when permissible.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Finance and operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Since the implicit rate for the Company’s leases is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow, on a collateralized basis, an amount equal to the lease payments, in a similar economic environment and over a similar term.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lease terms used to calculate the present value of lease payments generally do not include any options to extend, renew, or terminate the lease, as the Company does not have reasonable certainty at lease inception that these options will be exercised. The Company generally considers the economic life of its finance or operating lease ROU assets to be comparable to the useful life of similar owned assets. The Company has elected the short-term lease exception, and therefore operating lease ROU assets and liabilities do not include leases with a lease term of twelve months or less. The Company’s leases generally do not provide a residual guarantee.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The finance or operating lease ROU asset also excludes lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term for operating lease. Meanwhile, the Company recognizes the finance leases ROU assets and interest on an amortized cost basis. The amortization of finance ROU assets is recognized on an accretion basis as amortization expense, while the lease liability is increased to reflect interest on the liability and decreased to reflect the lease payments made during the period. Interest expense on the lease liability is determined each period during the lease term as the amount that results in a constant periodic interest rate of the office equipment on the remaining balance of the liability.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company reviews the impairment of its ROU assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and includes the associated operating lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseImpairmentLoss_do_c20260101__20260630_z0N2v3evnXdd" title="Finance lease impairment loss"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseImpairmentLoss_do_c20250101__20250630_z4SUi4RTmQTf" title="Finance lease impairment loss">no</span></span>t recognize impairment loss on its finance and operating lease ROU assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_846_ecustom--RelatedPartyPolicyTextBlock_zsNDjIIRG8h5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Related parties</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Parties, which are corporations or individuals, are considered to be related if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Companies are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zneYt7H8AKtg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Recent accounting pronouncements</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company considers the applicability and impact of all accounting standards updates (“ASUs”). Management periodically reviews new accounting standards that are issued. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Recently issued accounting standards which have not yet been adopted</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, <i>Disclosure Improvements—Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative</i>, which amends certain disclosure and presentation requirements to align the FASB Codification with SEC regulations. For SEC registrants, each amendment will become effective upon the SEC’s removal of the related disclosure requirement, with early adoption prohibited. If the applicable SEC requirements are not removed by June 30, 2027, the related amendments will not become effective. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On November 4, 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 amends ASC 220, Comprehensive Income to expand income statement expense disclosures and require disclosure in the notes to the financial statements of specified information about certain costs and expenses. ASU 2024-03 is required to be adopted for fiscal years commencing after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, <i>Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments</i>, which clarifies the accounting guidance for induced conversions of convertible debt. The amendments clarify that, to account for a settlement as an induced conversion, an inducement offer must provide at least the consideration (in form and amount) issuable under the original conversion terms, even for instruments with cash conversion features. The amendments also clarify that the guidance applies to instruments not currently convertible, provided they had a substantive conversion feature at issuance and at the time of the inducement offer. The amendments aim to improve the relevance and consistency in application of the induced conversion guidance and are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted for entities that have adopted ASU 2020-06. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the update on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On July 5, 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-05, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (“ASU 2025-05”). ASU 2025-05 amends ASC 326-20, the calculation of credit loss allowances estimates the uncollectible portion of short-term receivables and contract assets, using historical and current data without forecasting future conditions, and may include post-balance-sheet collections if eligible. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted in both interim and annual reporting periods in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard on its financial statements and related disclosures.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations and comprehensive loss and statements of cash flow.</span></p> <p id="xdx_855_zIKF1KPNTzG8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zP46xMFYoKEh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Basis of presentation</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for information pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2026, and for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 reflect all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flow for such interim periods. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year of 2026. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto, included in the Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on April 29, 2026.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zNRDsTNMEsYf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Principles of consolidation</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A subsidiary is an entity in which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power; or has the power to govern the financial and operating policies, to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, or to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of directors.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zh2fPQseW5G3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Use of estimates</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include lease classification and liabilities, right-of-use assets, determinations of the useful lives and valuation of long-lived assets, fair value of the identifiable intangible assets through assets acquisition, estimate of the useful life of the intangible assets, estimates of allowances for credit losses, estimates of impairment of long-lived assets, valuation of deferred tax assets, other provisions and contingencies, estimated fair value of earn-out shares, prepaid forward purchase liability and private warrants. Actual results could differ from these estimates.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_zZ8J4MxIhfnh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Foreign currency translation and transaction</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The reporting currency of the Company is United States Dollars (“US$”) and the accompanying financial statements have been expressed in US$. The Company’s subsidiaries in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and China conduct its businesses and maintain its books and records in the local currency, Singapore Dollars (“SGD”), Malaysian Ringgits (“MYR”), Hong Kong Dollar (“HKD”) and Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”), as their functional currency, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In general, for consolidation purposes, assets and liabilities of its subsidiaries whose functional currency is not US$ are translated into US$, in accordance with ASC Topic 830-30, “<i>Translation of Financial Statement”</i>, using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the period. The gains and losses resulting from translation of financial statements of foreign subsidiary are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within the statements of shareholders’ equity (deficit). Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the periods, therefore, amounts reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntercompanyForeignCurrencyBalancesTextBlock_zamaEq4i6Da1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Translation of foreign currencies into US$1 have been made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B6_z2F2Yyp6qTtf" style="display: none">Schedule of foreign currency exchange rates</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630_zSSQ5OQlPY1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20251231_zUqlEzTP9x4g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--SGD_zyQxMhFgqp29" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end SGD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--MYR_zUru9xdokVBh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end MYR: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.08</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.06</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--HKD_zyDCmgrWAFk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end HKD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.84</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0759">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zkJCpmF8kIb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end RMB: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.79</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zBuoORw0cMC3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end exchange rate</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.79</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0765">-</span></span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630_zXbdw7tSJxF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20250630_zDAiAzg8uhg4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the six months ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--SGD_zYtbmi3i25Mj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average SGD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.28</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.32</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--MYR_z7reBmSS0wT3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average MYR: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.98</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.37</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--HKD_zBa2JdB0Qvdf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average HKD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.83</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zzjYw3qENwc7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average RMB: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.86</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0777">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zNbZRjVfcCRg" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average exchange rate</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.86</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0780">-</span></span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AF_zrWvWeHjaNo2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIntercompanyForeignCurrencyBalancesTextBlock_zamaEq4i6Da1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Translation of foreign currencies into US$1 have been made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B6_z2F2Yyp6qTtf" style="display: none">Schedule of foreign currency exchange rates</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630_zSSQ5OQlPY1l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20251231_zUqlEzTP9x4g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--SGD_zyQxMhFgqp29" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end SGD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--MYR_zUru9xdokVBh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end MYR: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.08</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.06</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--HKD_zyDCmgrWAFk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end HKD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.84</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0759">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zkJCpmF8kIb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end RMB: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.79</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateRemeasurement1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zBuoORw0cMC3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end exchange rate</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.79</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0765">-</span></span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630_zXbdw7tSJxF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20250630_zDAiAzg8uhg4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the six months ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--SGD_zYtbmi3i25Mj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average SGD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.28</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.32</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--MYR_z7reBmSS0wT3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average MYR: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.98</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4.37</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--HKD_zBa2JdB0Qvdf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average HKD: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.83</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zzjYw3qENwc7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average RMB: US$1 exchange rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.86</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0777">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_iI_hsrt--CurrencyAxis__currency--CNY_zNbZRjVfcCRg" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-average exchange rate</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.86</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0780">-</span></span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 1.29 1.29 4.08 4.06 7.84 6.79 6.79 1.28 1.32 3.98 4.37 7.83 6.86 6.86 <p id="xdx_84B_ecustom--NonControllingInterestPolicyTextBlock_zeQld29Ourzc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Non-controlling interests</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the Company’s non-wholly owned subsidiaries, a non-controlling interest is recognized to reflect portion of equity that is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company. The cumulative results of operations attributable to non-controlling interests are also recorded as non-controlling interests in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Cash flows related to transactions with non-controlling interests are presented under financing activities in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zRjtNBAIqnl3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Segment reporting</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company uses the management approach in determining its operating segments. The management approach considers the internal reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company’s CODM has been designated as the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) who reviews the financial information of separate operating segments when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As described in Note 4, in September 2023, the Board resolved on the plan to streamline its medical services practice, which business was carried through subsidiaries of KRHSG, EUDA PL, ZKTV PL, SEMA, ED PL, KR Hill PL, ZKT PL, KR Digital, and Zukihealth, as the Company transitioned its business to other medical service fields. The streamlining of the Company’s medical services practice was accounted for as a discontinued operation because it represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with ASC 205-20-45.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 6, 2024, the Company has acquired 100% equity interest in Fortress Cove and its subsidiary CKHP, whose business operation relates to sales of holistic wellness consumer products and services in Malaysia. Upon the completion of the streamlining of its medical service practice and acquisition of Fortress Cove and its subsidiary, the Company reorganized its business to have <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_dc_uSegment_c20260101__20260630_zlcCU3jxJSw">two</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">reportable segments: property management services, and holistic wellness consumer products and services. The structure of these segments reflect the financial information and reports used by the Company’s management, specifically its Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), to make decisions regarding the Company’s business, including resource allocations and performance assessments. All assets and continuing operations of the Company are physically located or domiciled in Singapore and Malaysia.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 2 <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationsPolicy_zQt1arWm7PA3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Acquisitions of assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company applies the definition of a business in ASC 805, Business Combinations, to determine whether it is acquiring a business or a group of assets. When an acquired group of assets does not constitute a business, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. The cost of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in asset acquisitions is allocated based upon relative fair value. In the event that the cost of the asset acquisition exceed the fair value of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, any excess cost over fair value should generally be allocated to the acquired assets on a relative fair value basis. This may result in certain assets being recognized in excess of their fair values, as measured in accordance with ASC 820.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_zt7Yqbdgdg8k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Cash and cash equivalents</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use and have original maturities less than three months.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_840_ecustom--CryptoAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zzLeOAiJANUd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Crypto assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s crypto assets primarily consist of QB Tokens, which are intended to be used solely for utility purposes within EUDA’s new digital health and rewards platform ecosystem which has yet to be launched at the time of this report. The Company has ownership and control of its crypto assets, which are maintained in Company-controlled digital wallets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s crypto assets meet the criteria for accounting under ASC 350-60, <i>Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Crypto Assets</i> (“ASC 350-60”). Crypto assets are initially measured based on the nature of the transaction through which the assets are acquired.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subsequent to initial recognition, crypto assets are measured at fair value, with gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized in net income (loss). The Company determines the fair value of its crypto assets at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, <i>Fair Value Measurement</i>..</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_842_eus-gaap--TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy_zuuMZ6rcfOP8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Accounts receivable, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts receivable, net are recorded at the invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts and do not bear interest, which are due after 30 to 90 days, depending on the credit term with its customers. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on an ongoing basis, using historical collection trends and aging of receivables. Management also periodically evaluates individual customer’s financial condition, credit history, and the current economic conditions to make adjustments in the allowance when it is considered necessary.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s accounts receivable and other receivables are within the scope of ASC Topic 326. To estimate expected credit losses, the Company has identified the relevant risk characteristics of the receivables which include size and nature. Receivables with similar risk characteristics have been grouped into pools. For each pool, the Company considers the past collection experience, current economic conditions and future economic conditions (external data and macroeconomic factors). This is assessed at each quarter based on the Company’s specific facts and circumstances. There have been no significant changes in the assumptions since adoption. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company’s management continues to evaluate the reasonableness of the valuation allowance policy and update it if necessary. Allowance for credit losses amounted to $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iI_c20260630_zrF3hDTbNDh6" title="Allowance for credit losses">2,555</span> and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iI_c20251231_zgYLxokcUmoh" title="Allowance for credit losses">2,571</span> related to accounts receivable was recorded as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 2555 2571 <p id="xdx_844_eus-gaap--InventoryPolicyTextBlock_zVsQRdpAcrv6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Inventories, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventories consist of finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the moving average unit cost method. Management reviews inventory on hand periodically for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable items, as compared to future demand requirements and the shelf life of the various products. Based on the review, the Company records inventory write-downs, when necessary, when costs exceed expected net realizable value. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InventoryWriteDown_c20260101__20260630_zUxeXSw0MeG8" title="Inventory obsolescence">0</span> and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--InventoryWriteDown_c20250101__20251231_zfXBpqfaMSAf" title="Inventory obsolescence">86,656</span> inventories write-down related to obsolescence or unmarketable items were recorded, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0 86656 <p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--ReceivablesPolicyTextBlock_zeRNVkT1oYvc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Other receivables</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other receivables primarily include receivables from employee advance, and refundable deposits from third party service providers. Management regularly reviews the aging of receivables and changes in payment trends and records allowances when management believes collection of amounts due are at risk. Accounts considered uncollectable are written off against allowances after exhaustive efforts at collection are made. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OtherReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_iI_c20260630_zMLHo5Y1DO4l" title="Allowance for credit losses related to other receivables">25,853</span> and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OtherReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_iI_c20251231_zFOOvamhoQnf" title="Allowance for credit losses related to other receivables">0</span> allowance for credit losses related to other receivables were recorded, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 25853 0 <p id="xdx_848_ecustom--PrepaidExpensesAndOtherAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zDQXnstWidi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expenses and other current assets primarily include prepaid expenses paid to services providers, and other deposits. Management regularly reviews the aging of such balances and changes in payment and realization trends and records allowances when management believes collection or realization of amounts due are at risk. Accounts considered uncollectable are written off against allowances after exhaustive efforts at collection are made. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountRelatedToPrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssets_iI_do_c20260630_zGkACqlbYx9h" title="Allowance for doubtful account related to prepaid expenses and other current assets"><span id="xdx_908_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountRelatedToPrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssets_iI_do_c20251231_zmDA0JA0lGoi" title="Allowance for doubtful account related to prepaid expenses and other current assets">no</span></span> allowance for doubtful account related to prepaid expenses and other current assets was recorded.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0 0 <p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_zO7HMbKX3Nr4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Long-term investment</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company holds <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechSdnBhdMember_zaAMuHfxhWi6" title="Ownership percentage"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20251231__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechSdnBhdMember_zUqArURv5fPd" title="Ownership percentage">39.3</span></span>% of the equity interests in UG Digitech Sdn. Bhd.(“UGDSB”) through UG Digitech Private Limited (“UGD”), the Company’s <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipSubsidiaryPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_zOm3gAlejbYc" title="Ownership subsidiary percentage"><span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipSubsidiaryPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20251231__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_z2mM09hrOn1j" title="Ownership subsidiary percentage">98.3</span></span>% owned subsidiary, with carrying value of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount_c20260101__20260630__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_znpG4B5iwN9i" title="Carrying amount"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount_c20250101__20251231__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--UGDigitechPrivateLimitedMember_ztnsiS7KGyX3" title="Carrying amount">0</span></span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0.393 0.393 0.983 0.983 0 0 <p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock_zzeUR5pEiBn4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Property and equipment, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_zNlBs92itVLe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets with no residual value. The estimated useful lives are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B3_z2luG66Rkjlc" style="display: none">Schedule of property and equipment useful lives</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected useful lives</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 67%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office equipment</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 31%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--OfficeEquipmentMember_zfoPnSSkQ1W8" title="Estimated useful lives">3</span> years</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leasehold improvement</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeDescriptionOfTermExtensibleEnumeration_iI_dxL_c20260630__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsMember_zoQj0eCEAOce" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2026%23LeaseholdImprovementsMember"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0836">Shorter of the lease term or 5 years</span></span></span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A1_z49Vzt15lqaj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred, while additions, renewals and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company reviews property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future net undiscounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset, if any, exceeds its fair value determined using a discounted cash flow model. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, there was <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ImpairmentOfPropertyAndEquipment_do_c20260101__20260630_zDVjKnYlGknl" title="Impairment of property and equipment"><span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--ImpairmentOfPropertyAndEquipment_do_c20250101__20250630_zMwNjnGP1Fs8" title="Impairment of property and equipment">no</span></span> impairment of property and equipment recognized.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_zNlBs92itVLe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets with no residual value. The estimated useful lives are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B3_z2luG66Rkjlc" style="display: none">Schedule of property and equipment useful lives</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected useful lives</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 67%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office equipment</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 31%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--OfficeEquipmentMember_zfoPnSSkQ1W8" title="Estimated useful lives">3</span> years</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leasehold improvement</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeDescriptionOfTermExtensibleEnumeration_iI_dxL_c20260630__us-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsMember_zoQj0eCEAOce" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2026%23LeaseholdImprovementsMember"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0836">Shorter of the lease term or 5 years</span></span></span></td></tr> </table> P3Y 0 0 <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy_zccrxxDxIDJj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Intangible assets, net</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_zDcEouUoF1E" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchased intangible assets are recognized and measured at fair value upon acquisition. Separately identifiable intangible assets that have determinable lives continue to be amortized over the Company’s best estimate of its useful life as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B2_zurSkBbv09F5" style="display: none">Schedule of intangible assets useful life</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Categories</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Useful life</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distribution rights</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zUr4ajivW2fl" title="Estimated useful life">2</span>-<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zXexEMhCJuyh" title="Estimated useful life">3</span> years</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Software</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__custom--SoftwareMember_zCRIfhDMzwNd" title="Useful life">5</span> years</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A6_zJSy8cthJmkf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company amortizes intangible assets in accordance with ASC Topic 350, ‘Intangibles - Goodwill and Other.’ Distribution rights are amortized based on the pattern in which the economic benefits are consumed, while software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its expected useful life.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Separately identifiable intangible assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of any impairment loss for identifiable intangible assets is based on the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsFinitelived_do_c20260101__20260630_z8BwYT9zLorg" title="Impairment of intangiable assets"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsFinitelived_do_c20250101__20250630_zUvjHmBlx43e" title="Impairment of intangiable assets">No</span></span> impairment of intangibles assets was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_zDcEouUoF1E" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchased intangible assets are recognized and measured at fair value upon acquisition. Separately identifiable intangible assets that have determinable lives continue to be amortized over the Company’s best estimate of its useful life as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B2_zurSkBbv09F5" style="display: none">Schedule of intangible assets useful life</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Categories</b></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Useful life</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Distribution rights</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zUr4ajivW2fl" title="Estimated useful life">2</span>-<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zXexEMhCJuyh" title="Estimated useful life">3</span> years</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Software</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_iI_dtY_c20260630__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__custom--SoftwareMember_zCRIfhDMzwNd" title="Useful life">5</span> years</span></td></tr> </table> P2Y P3Y P5Y 0 0 <p id="xdx_845_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock_zPdl8LbUB9Ha" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Impairment for long-lived assets</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In accordance with ASC 360-10, Long-lived assets, including property and equipment, intangible assets with finite lives, goodwill and right of use assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of the assets based on the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate and recognize an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. If an impairment is identified, the Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company recognized <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetsToBeDisposedOf_do_c20260101__20260630_zD1Ti6Jnndl1" title="Impairment loss of long-lived assets"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetsToBeDisposedOf_do_c20250101__20250630_zwn4TzyuB3w6" title="Impairment loss of long-lived assets">no</span></span> impairment losses on long-lived assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0 0 <p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--WarrantsPolicyTextBlock_zQG2tdioIYG5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Warrants</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own ordinary shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. The Company determined that upon further review of the warrant agreements, the Company concluded that its warrants qualify for equity accounting treatment.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon completion of the business combination, all of 8i’s then outstanding public and private warrants were replaced by the Company’s public and private warrants. The Company treated such warrants replacement as a warrant modification and no incremental fair value was recognized.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_ecustom--ConvertibleNotesAndDerivativeLiabilitiesPolicyTextBlock_zRT24QUQbxB2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Convertible notes and derivative liabilities</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for convertible notes in accordance with ASC 470, Debt, and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Convertible notes that contain embedded features—such as conversion rights, bonus shares, top-up shares, or other contingent settlement provisions—are evaluated to determine whether the features require bifurcation and separate accounting. Embedded features that are not clearly and closely related to the host instrument and do not qualify for equity classification are accounted for as derivative liabilities. These derivative liabilities are measured at fair value upon initial recognition and remeasured at each reporting date, with changes in fair value recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) until the instruments are settled.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_zG1vIFayfnm" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Revenue recognition</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company follows the revenue accounting requirements of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606”). The core principle underlying the revenue recognition of this ASU allows the Company to recognize - revenue that represents the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of goods and services transfers to a customer.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To achieve that core principle, the Company applies five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when the contract is committed in writing, the rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability is probable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue recognition policies for the revenue stream is as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Property Management Services</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligation satisfied over a period of time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company provides property management services in shopping malls, business office building, or residential apartments to all tenants and property owners. Property management services include common area property management services that contain cleaning, landscaping, public facilities maintenance and other traditional services and also include security property management services provided to all tenants and property owners. Each of the two services is within separate agreements. The Company identified common area property management services as a single performance obligation as the kinds of service in the contract are not capable of being distinct and identified the security management services as another single performance obligation as there is only one service that is to provide security services.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognizes the common area property management revenue and security property management revenue on a straight-line basis over the terms of the common area property management agreement and security property management agreement, generally over one year period because its customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company throughout the performance obligations period.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for incremental costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNetCurrent_iI_do_c20260630_zgUxRpZkwzf9" title="Contract assets"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNetCurrent_iI_do_c20251231_z6oBlW0ZYitf" title="Contract assets">no</span></span>t have any contract assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognized advance payments from its customers prior to revenue recognition as contract liability until the revenue recognition performance obligation are met. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_iI_do_c20260630_zUmFt1bWX6J7" title="Contract liability"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_iI_do_c20251231_zk94Sm7D3Po" title="Contract liability">no</span></span>t have any contract liability.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sales of holistic wellness consumer products</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company derives its revenues from sales contracts with its customers with revenues being recognized when control of the holistic wellness consumer products are transferred to its customer at the Company’s office or shipment of the goods. The revenue is recorded net of estimated discounts and return allowances. Historically, there were insignificant sales returns.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Wellness therapies service</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company carries out its Wellness Therapies services, offering prepaid therapy session packages to customers. The primary performance obligation is providing individual therapy sessions. Each therapy session is considered a separate and distinct performance obligation that provides immediate benefit to the customer upon completion. The total transaction price is allocated evenly across each therapy session based on their relative standalone selling prices. Revenues are recognized at a point in time upon the completion of each individual therapy session. If a customer does not fully utilize all prepaid sessions by the expiration of the package, the Company is entitled to retain any remaining consideration, and the unredeemed balance is recognized as revenue upon the package’s expiration.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stem cell treatment services</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company enters into arrangements with customers to facilitate access to stem cell treatment services provided by third-party medical providers in China. The Company’s performance obligation is to arrange for the provision of such treatment services, including coordinating scheduling and acting as a liaison between the customer and the service providers. The Company does not provide the underlying treatment.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has determined that it acts as an agent in these arrangements because it does not control the treatment services before they are provided to the customer. Accordingly, revenue is recognized on a net basis, representing the service fee retained by the Company for arranging the services.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the Company has fulfilled its obligation to arrange for the treatment services, which is generally when the coordination and facilitation activities are completed and the customer is able to receive the underlying services from the third-party provider.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company requires payment in advance of providing its facilitation services. Amounts received prior to satisfying the performance obligation are recorded as contract liabilities and recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied. Service fees are generally non-refundable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied over the time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company carries out its licensing services by granting licensees non-exclusive rights to use its CKHP brand, proprietary marks, and Bioenergy Spa Capsules, along with providing ongoing business support throughout the licensing period. The primary performance obligation is to provide the licensee the right to use the branded equipment combined with ongoing operational support. The licensee benefits continuously from access to the brand, proprietary technology, and support services during the licensing period. Revenues are recognized over time throughout the licensing period as the Company satisfies its performance obligations by making the licensed rights and support services available to the licensee.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Wellness Membership Program</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Performance obligations satisfied over time</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company carries out its Wellness Membership Program, where customers pay a fixed fee to access ongoing wellness benefits, including services, discounts, and therapy session entitlements, over a defined membership term. The primary performance obligation is to provide continuous access to wellness services and related benefits throughout the duration of the membership. Customers consume the benefits progressively over time as they utilize the services and privileges under the membership. Revenues are recognized over time throughout the membership term as the Company satisfies its performance obligation by making the wellness products and services available to members.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for incremental costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNet_iI_do_c20260630_zO0FCq61y4g2" title="Contract assets"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetNet_iI_do_c20251231_zAod1wwgegE5" title="Contract assets">no</span></span>t have any contract assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognized advance payments from its customers prior to revenue recognition as contract liability until the revenue recognition performance obligation is met. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company recorded $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiability_iI_c20260630_zEgNP9R7Ivf7" title="Contract liabilities">242,341</span> and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiability_iI_c20251231_zyoyZh389rFh" title="Contract liabilities">522,030</span> of contract liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfPrincipalTransactionsRevenueTextBlock_z1lYJ9DLFYU7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated information of revenues by products/services are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BB_zbufPrFORTTi" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of revenues</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20260101__20260630_zEkb37qgStZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20250101__20250630_zuL0MPk2lNoj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServiceCommonAreaManagementMember_zpgnuxh04zL5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – common area management</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,703,641</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,551,033</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServiceSecurityManagementMember_zW64jvuHzTng" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – security management</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">551,520</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">538,008</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z6QDb2a2rT7e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total property management service revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,255,161</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,089,041</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products and services:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsMember_z6yoohI0s841" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">369,474</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">102,055</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessTherapiesServiceMember_zOtwKQAZBwk4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness therapies service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">712,595</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">724,590</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--StemCellTreatmentServiceMember_zOHVxrgIzaTe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stem cell treatment service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,254</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0902">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--LicensingServiceOfBioenergyCabinMember_zAVQwRcFAoW7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">42,351</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,145</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessMembershipProgramMember_z8PFgqIxG42k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness Membership Program</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0907">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">49,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesIncludingOthersRevenueMember_zer42RHLdec" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total holistic wellness consumer products and service revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,212,674</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">968,282</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OthersMember_zeZtu9NVktq2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">74,497</p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_z2mdj2xB4zm3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A6_zMZZL1rPgjZf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0 0 0 0 0 0 242341 522030 <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfPrincipalTransactionsRevenueTextBlock_z1lYJ9DLFYU7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated information of revenues by products/services are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BB_zbufPrFORTTi" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of revenues</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20260101__20260630_zEkb37qgStZe" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20250101__20250630_zuL0MPk2lNoj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServiceCommonAreaManagementMember_zpgnuxh04zL5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – common area management</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,703,641</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,551,033</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServiceSecurityManagementMember_zW64jvuHzTng" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – security management</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">551,520</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">538,008</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z6QDb2a2rT7e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total property management service revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,255,161</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,089,041</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products and services:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsMember_z6yoohI0s841" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">369,474</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">102,055</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessTherapiesServiceMember_zOtwKQAZBwk4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness therapies service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">712,595</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">724,590</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--StemCellTreatmentServiceMember_zOHVxrgIzaTe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stem cell treatment service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,254</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0902">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--LicensingServiceOfBioenergyCabinMember_zAVQwRcFAoW7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">42,351</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,145</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessMembershipProgramMember_z8PFgqIxG42k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness Membership Program</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0907">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">49,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesIncludingOthersRevenueMember_zer42RHLdec" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total holistic wellness consumer products and service revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,212,674</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">968,282</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OthersMember_zeZtu9NVktq2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">74,497</p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_i01_z2mdj2xB4zm3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 1703641 1551033 551520 538008 2255161 2089041 369474 102055 712595 724590 88254 42351 17145 49995 1212674 968282 74497 3467835 3057323 <p id="xdx_84E_eus-gaap--CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_z4xxZYw1VbJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Cost of revenues</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Property Management Services</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost of revenues mainly consists of labor expenses incurred attributable to property management service.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfCostOfRevenueTableTextBlock_zhRp2ysuZhc3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated information of cost of revenues by products/services are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B1_zn2CQXSMNhOb" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of cost of revenues</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630_zqz5H80dv0pi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_z9ZdxIqVeVq1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesCommonAreaManagementMember_zarFaPgJIbMb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – common area management</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,383,997</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,152,007</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesSecurityManagementMember_zstEjtLLtQLl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – security management</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">497,086</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">470,139</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zsvJRu4S5Nra" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total property management service cost of revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,881,083</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,622,146</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products and services:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsMember_zgXtQlqXIYMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">272,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,330</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessTherapieServiceMember_zLIt9zuHqyE3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness therapies service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">791</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">522,533</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--LicensingServiceOfBioEnergyCabinMember_zuhd7APBbsx7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31,119</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0939">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zvemK3ZKj8Nb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total holistic wellness consumer products and service cost of revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">304,867</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">599,863</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_msGPzasB_zgoTOo5kLQM5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total cost of revenues</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,185,950</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,222,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A4_zhaGMOuatuAk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfCostOfRevenueTableTextBlock_zhRp2ysuZhc3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disaggregated information of cost of revenues by products/services are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B1_zn2CQXSMNhOb" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of cost of revenues</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630_zqz5H80dv0pi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_z9ZdxIqVeVq1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesCommonAreaManagementMember_zarFaPgJIbMb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – common area management</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,383,997</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,152,007</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesSecurityManagementMember_zstEjtLLtQLl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property management service – security management</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">497,086</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">470,139</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zsvJRu4S5Nra" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total property management service cost of revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,881,083</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,622,146</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products and services:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsMember_zgXtQlqXIYMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic wellness consumer products</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">272,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,330</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--WellnessTherapieServiceMember_zLIt9zuHqyE3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Wellness therapies service</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">791</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">522,533</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--LicensingServiceOfBioEnergyCabinMember_zuhd7APBbsx7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Licensing service of bioenergy cabin</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31,119</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0939">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zvemK3ZKj8Nb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total holistic wellness consumer products and service cost of revenue</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">304,867</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">599,863</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_i01_msGPzasB_zgoTOo5kLQM5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total cost of revenues</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,185,950</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,222,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 1383997 1152007 497086 470139 1881083 1622146 272957 77330 791 522533 31119 304867 599863 2185950 2222009 <p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock_zs45IwvImOpl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Advertising costs</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advertising is mainly through online and offline promotion activities. Advertising costs amounted to $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_c20260101__20260630_zyAFn5JpDz07" title="Advertising cost">51,619</span> and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AdvertisingExpense_c20250101__20250630_zhZHKPwDttLa" title="Advertising cost">30,648</span> for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 51619 30648 <p id="xdx_842_ecustom--DefinedContributionPlanPolicyTextBlock_z53ky5YCxtbh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Defined contribution plan</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The full-time employees of the Company are entitled to the government mandated defined contribution plan. The Company is required to accrue and pay for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ respective salaries, subject to certain ceilings, in accordance with the relevant government regulations, and make cash contributions to the government mandated defined contribution plan. Total expenses for the plans were $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation_c20260101__20260630_zESNKGXozhhk" title="Employee expenses">203,502</span> and $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation_c20250101__20250630_zbbiyCRdKFCb" title="Employee expenses">198,960</span> for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The related contribution plans include:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Singapore subsidiaries</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Central Provident Fund (“CPF”) – <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--CentralProvidentFundMember_zi1vLMwi7SK8" title="Employee plan description">17.00% based on employee’s monthly salary for employees aged 55 and below, reduces progressively to 7.5% as age increase</span>;</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Skill Development Levy (“SDL”) – <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--SkillDevelopmentLevyMember_zPiTC81YhJ1h" title="Employee plan description">up to 0.25% based on employee’s monthly salary capped approximately $8.3 (SGD 11.25) for each employee</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Malaysia subsidiaries</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Social Security Organization (“SOSCO”) – <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--SocialSecurityOrganizationMember_zsFzfwbyOfy4" title="Employee plan description">1.75% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000</span>;</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Employees Provident Fund (“EPF”) – <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--EmployeesProvidentFundMember_zdjSXLGSeqI6" title="Employee plan description">12% based on employee’s monthly salary</span>;</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">- Employment Insurance System (“EIS”) – <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPPlanDescription_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--EmploymentInsuranceSystemMember_zhy8P7q2NEs" title="Employee plan description">0.2% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 203502 198960 17.00% based on employee’s monthly salary for employees aged 55 and below, reduces progressively to 7.5% as age increase up to 0.25% based on employee’s monthly salary capped approximately $8.3 (SGD 11.25) for each employee 1.75% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000 12% based on employee’s monthly salary 0.2% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000 <p id="xdx_840_ecustom--GoodsAndServicesTaxesPolicyTextBlock_zcKh6ARl17L7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Goods and services taxes (“GST”)</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue represents the invoiced value of service, net GST. The GST are based on gross sales price. GST rate is generally <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--GoodsAndServicesTaxesRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zGzUpjpE2X8j" title="Goods and services taxes rate">9</span>% and <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--GoodsAndServicesTaxesRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20250101__20250630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zrHpWrmqQf32" title="Goods and services taxes rate">9</span>%, for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively in Singapore. Entities that are GST general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input GST paid to suppliers against their output GST liabilities. Net GST balance between input GST and output GST is recorded in tax payable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0.09 0.09 <p id="xdx_84F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock_z5Ny4ZtEX2mg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Income taxes</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income tax. The charge for taxation is based on the results for the fiscal year and adjusted for items, which are non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred tax is calculated using the balance sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax basis. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable income will be utilized with prior net operating loss carried forwards using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or charged directly to equity. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be utilized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is more-likely-than-not of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense_do_c20260101__20260630_zk9PTnpEL5ub" title="Penalties and interest"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestExpense_do_c20250101__20250630_zLv8VrHzxdB9" title="Penalties and interest">No</span></span> penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. As of June 30, 2026 , the tax returns of the Company’s Singapore entities for the calendar year from 2022 through 2025 remain open for statutory examination by Singapore tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, on the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company conducts much of its business activities in Singapore and Malaysia and is subject to tax in its jurisdiction. As a result of its business activities, the Company’s subsidiaries file separate tax returns that are subject to examination by the foreign tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0 0 <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock_zFexiT223k05" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Comprehensive loss</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Comprehensive loss consists of two components, net loss and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive loss refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that under GAAP are recorded as an element of shareholders’ equity but are excluded from net income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of a foreign currency translation adjustment resulting from the Company not using the U.S. dollar as its functional currencies.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_zIqxy4mIjNwg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Loss per share</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company computes loss per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net loss divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_zH2Dnk4km6s6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company calculates basic and diluted loss per share for operations as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BA_zTgKIu9rh3z6" style="display: none">Schedule of basic and diluted earnings per share</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630_zFM6FHsioV9b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20250101__20250630_zvd2jrGVfEAd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Numerator</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_zmBHFqkHLc16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net loss from operations</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(796,950</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,201,696</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_z1Rdo4rsdS37" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest from operations</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,946</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,305</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_zzSFD0kVCmyf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net loss attributable to common shareholders, basic</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(795,004</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,204,001</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Denominator</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_c20260101__20260630_zcDY4GIoOdEd" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pid_c20260101__20260630_zWpuBB2YMhxg" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted">2,429,524</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_c20250101__20250630_zQ5tX3clrOK3" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pid_c20250101__20250630_z7jS7RHVqZ04" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted">1,857,818</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loss per share, basic and diluted</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_c20260101__20260630_z21UiOxvbh04" title="Loss per share, basic"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_pid_c20260101__20260630_zPk1P6nwuBA9" title="Loss per share, diluted">(0.33</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_c20250101__20250630_z9E5StJaLvD9" title="Loss per share, basic"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_pid_c20250101__20250630_zUPRuW9vNw05" title="Loss per share, diluted">(0.65</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A7_zIOyPZtAR1Yd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026, the Company had dilutive securities from the outstanding convertible notes and warrants convertible into <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--ConvertibleDebtSecuritiesMember_zZn7qvbZL1Nj" title="Antidilutive shares">33</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> and <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--WarrantsConvertibleDebtMember_zB1PBNuliLwe" title="Antidilutive shares">222,931</span></span> ordinary shares, respectively, that were not included in the computation of dilutive loss per share because the inclusion of such convertible notes and warrants would be anti-dilutive. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of December 31, 2025, the Company had dilutive securities from the outstanding convertible notes and warrants convertible into <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--ConvertibleDebtSecuritiesMember_ztLIyS5Zfyll" title="Antidilutive shares">1,876</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares and <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--WarrantsConvertibleDebtMember_z1m98WmzJ5N6" title="Antidilutive shares">222,931</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares, respectively, that were not included in the computation of dilutive loss per share because the inclusion of such convertible notes and warrants would be anti-dilutive.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_zH2Dnk4km6s6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company calculates basic and diluted loss per share for operations as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BA_zTgKIu9rh3z6" style="display: none">Schedule of basic and diluted earnings per share</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630_zFM6FHsioV9b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20250101__20250630_zvd2jrGVfEAd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Numerator</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_zmBHFqkHLc16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net loss from operations</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(796,950</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,201,696</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_z1Rdo4rsdS37" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest from operations</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,946</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,305</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_zzSFD0kVCmyf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net loss attributable to common shareholders, basic</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(795,004</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,204,001</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Denominator</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_c20260101__20260630_zcDY4GIoOdEd" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pid_c20260101__20260630_zWpuBB2YMhxg" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted">2,429,524</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pid_c20250101__20250630_zQ5tX3clrOK3" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pid_c20250101__20250630_z7jS7RHVqZ04" title="Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted">1,857,818</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loss per share, basic and diluted</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_c20260101__20260630_z21UiOxvbh04" title="Loss per share, basic"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_pid_c20260101__20260630_zPk1P6nwuBA9" title="Loss per share, diluted">(0.33</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_pid_c20250101__20250630_z9E5StJaLvD9" title="Loss per share, basic"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_pid_c20250101__20250630_zUPRuW9vNw05" title="Loss per share, diluted">(0.65</span></span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> </table> -796950 -1201696 -1946 2305 -795004 -1204001 2429524 2429524 1857818 1857818 -0.33 -0.33 -0.65 -0.65 33 222931 1876 222931 <p id="xdx_843_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zJ0YzG2QOQQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Fair value measurements</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs required to measure fair value, of which the first two are considered observable and the third is considered unobservable:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The fair value for certain assets and liabilities such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net, other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, short-term loans, convertible notes, accounts payable, other payables and accrued liabilities, lease liabilities-current, and tax payables have been determined to approximate carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTextBlock_zTBkKcvlmGH6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial asset and liability that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B9_zN5vkjHLUh92" style="display: none">Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20260630_zXhJ3bbbMd5d" style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zmCVCzpInjF" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zoLLYwj1aSSc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zPWsDRvjj2b8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Carrying</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Value at</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30,<br/> 2026 and May 19, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value Measurement at June 30,<br/> 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iI_zfat1AyIl4pi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Crypto assets</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1025">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1026">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20251231_zMnQwRhYXHD7" style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zrC2wyLxhWD2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_z1huK9VSmkA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_z8nNjiKKeXJf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Carrying</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Value at</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,<br/> 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value Measurement at <br/> December 31, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iI_zjD0v298BU1k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrant liabilities</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1030">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1031">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A0_zGxpD3hIhDol" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zd79lwOTt2D3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of the financial assets and liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B7_zma9xl6XQqc" style="display: none">Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities recurring basis</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20260519__20260630_zDbFqqSLKUS9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Crypto assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iS_zAnzvLDBDRQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of crypto assets as of acquisition date (May 19, 2026)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetPeriodIncreaseDecrease_z2xp9Hmufo7i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in fair value of crypto assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1038">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iE_zFYzoZUCcko3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Derivative<br/> liabilities -Warrants</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of warrants upon issuance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iS_c20250101__20251231_zmY0iEEMyNM9" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants upon issuance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in fair value of warrant liability</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_c20250101__20251231_zMx5VX7nG2b2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Change in fair value of warrant liability"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of December 31, 2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iS_c20260101__20260630_zJmYrxOhrsF6" style="text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants, balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repurchase of warrant</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--RepurchaseOfWarrant_iI_c20260101__20260630_zOiIfuobvvkc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Repurchase of warrant"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(125,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iE_c20260101__20260630_zBqNlc76O3pl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants, balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1050">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AB_zHWA5USf4Zg5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTextBlock_zTBkKcvlmGH6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial asset and liability that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B9_zN5vkjHLUh92" style="display: none">Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20260630_zXhJ3bbbMd5d" style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zmCVCzpInjF" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zoLLYwj1aSSc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20260630__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_zPWsDRvjj2b8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Carrying</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Value at</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30,<br/> 2026 and May 19, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value Measurement at June 30,<br/> 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iI_zfat1AyIl4pi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Crypto assets</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1025">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1026">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20251231_zMnQwRhYXHD7" style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member_zrC2wyLxhWD2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_z1huK9VSmkA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20251231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member_z8nNjiKKeXJf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Carrying</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Value at</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,<br/> 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value Measurement at <br/> December 31, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iI_zjD0v298BU1k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrant liabilities</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1030">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1031">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 7560000 7560000 125000 125000 <p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zd79lwOTt2D3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of the financial assets and liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B7_zma9xl6XQqc" style="display: none">Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities recurring basis</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20260519__20260630_zDbFqqSLKUS9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Crypto assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iS_zAnzvLDBDRQe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of crypto assets as of acquisition date (May 19, 2026)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetPeriodIncreaseDecrease_z2xp9Hmufo7i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in fair value of crypto assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1038">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iE_zFYzoZUCcko3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Derivative<br/> liabilities -Warrants</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of warrants upon issuance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iS_c20250101__20251231_zmY0iEEMyNM9" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants upon issuance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in fair value of warrant liability</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_c20250101__20251231_zMx5VX7nG2b2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Change in fair value of warrant liability"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of December 31, 2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iS_c20260101__20260630_zJmYrxOhrsF6" style="text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants, balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">125,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repurchase of warrant</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--RepurchaseOfWarrant_iI_c20260101__20260630_zOiIfuobvvkc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Repurchase of warrant"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(125,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance as of June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstanding_iE_c20260101__20260630_zBqNlc76O3pl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair value of warrants, balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1050">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 7560000 7560000 100000 25000 125000 -125000 <p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_zXk4fWAsdRT9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Leases</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842. The Company entered into three agreements as a lessee to lease office equipment for general and administrative operations. If any of the following criteria are met, the Company classifies the lease as a finance lease:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20260101__20260630_zdA72m7agZl6" title="Lease term description">The lease term is for 75% or more of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, unless the commencement date falls within the last 25% of the economic life of the underlying asset</span>;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtDescription_c20260101__20260630_z0hoI4AVMit6" title="Underlying asset description">The present value of the sum of the lease payments equals or exceeds 90% of the fair value of the underlying asset</span>; or</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leases that do not meet any of the above criteria are accounted for as operating leases.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company combines lease and non-lease components in its contracts under Topic 842, when permissible.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Finance and operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Since the implicit rate for the Company’s leases is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow, on a collateralized basis, an amount equal to the lease payments, in a similar economic environment and over a similar term.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lease terms used to calculate the present value of lease payments generally do not include any options to extend, renew, or terminate the lease, as the Company does not have reasonable certainty at lease inception that these options will be exercised. The Company generally considers the economic life of its finance or operating lease ROU assets to be comparable to the useful life of similar owned assets. The Company has elected the short-term lease exception, and therefore operating lease ROU assets and liabilities do not include leases with a lease term of twelve months or less. The Company’s leases generally do not provide a residual guarantee.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The finance or operating lease ROU asset also excludes lease incentives. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term for operating lease. Meanwhile, the Company recognizes the finance leases ROU assets and interest on an amortized cost basis. The amortization of finance ROU assets is recognized on an accretion basis as amortization expense, while the lease liability is increased to reflect interest on the liability and decreased to reflect the lease payments made during the period. Interest expense on the lease liability is determined each period during the lease term as the amount that results in a constant periodic interest rate of the office equipment on the remaining balance of the liability.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company reviews the impairment of its ROU assets consistent with the approach applied for its other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on its ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company has elected to include the carrying amount of operating lease liabilities in any tested asset group and includes the associated operating lease payments in the undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company did <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseImpairmentLoss_do_c20260101__20260630_z0N2v3evnXdd" title="Finance lease impairment loss"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseImpairmentLoss_do_c20250101__20250630_z4SUi4RTmQTf" title="Finance lease impairment loss">no</span></span>t recognize impairment loss on its finance and operating lease ROU assets.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> The lease term is for 75% or more of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, unless the commencement date falls within the last 25% of the economic life of the underlying asset The present value of the sum of the lease payments equals or exceeds 90% of the fair value of the underlying asset 0 0 <p id="xdx_846_ecustom--RelatedPartyPolicyTextBlock_zsNDjIIRG8h5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Related parties</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Parties, which are corporations or individuals, are considered to be related if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Companies are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_84D_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zneYt7H8AKtg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Recent accounting pronouncements</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company considers the applicability and impact of all accounting standards updates (“ASUs”). Management periodically reviews new accounting standards that are issued. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Recently issued accounting standards which have not yet been adopted</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, <i>Disclosure Improvements—Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative</i>, which amends certain disclosure and presentation requirements to align the FASB Codification with SEC regulations. For SEC registrants, each amendment will become effective upon the SEC’s removal of the related disclosure requirement, with early adoption prohibited. If the applicable SEC requirements are not removed by June 30, 2027, the related amendments will not become effective. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On November 4, 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 amends ASC 220, Comprehensive Income to expand income statement expense disclosures and require disclosure in the notes to the financial statements of specified information about certain costs and expenses. ASU 2024-03 is required to be adopted for fiscal years commencing after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, <i>Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments</i>, which clarifies the accounting guidance for induced conversions of convertible debt. The amendments clarify that, to account for a settlement as an induced conversion, an inducement offer must provide at least the consideration (in form and amount) issuable under the original conversion terms, even for instruments with cash conversion features. The amendments also clarify that the guidance applies to instruments not currently convertible, provided they had a substantive conversion feature at issuance and at the time of the inducement offer. The amendments aim to improve the relevance and consistency in application of the induced conversion guidance and are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted for entities that have adopted ASU 2020-06. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the update on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On July 5, 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-05, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (“ASU 2025-05”). ASU 2025-05 amends ASC 326-20, the calculation of credit loss allowances estimates the uncollectible portion of short-term receivables and contract assets, using historical and current data without forecasting future conditions, and may include post-balance-sheet collections if eligible. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted in both interim and annual reporting periods in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard on its financial statements and related disclosures.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations and comprehensive loss and statements of cash flow.</span></p> <p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetTextBlock_zIi82SWA397b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 4 – <span id="xdx_82D_z0wmKDJ47VAd">Crypto Assets</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On April 24, 2026, the Company entered into a Simple Agreement for Future Tokens (“SAFT”) with QB Limited pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire an aggregate of <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_uPure_c20260424__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zxDzzVZ1164k" title="Number of quantity">16,000,000</span> QB Utility Tokens (“QB Tokens”) in two tranches. The first tranche consisted of <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_uPure_c20260424__us-gaap--VestingAxis__us-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zn2q6KqUiAXi" title="Number of quantity">1,000,000</span> QB Tokens in exchange for $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetCost_iI_c20260424__us-gaap--VestingAxis__us-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zgoRiuQe98Lk" title="Cash">250,000</span> in cash, and the second tranche consisted of <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_uPure_c20260424__us-gaap--VestingAxis__us-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zD4QAxsZjVkd" title="Number of quantity">15,000,000</span> QB Tokens in exchange for <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20260424__20260424__us-gaap--VestingAxis__us-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_z1ruChy9DQv7" title="Number of ordinary shares">500,000</span> ordinary shares of the Company. At the time of execution of the SAFT, the QB Tokens were still under development.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 19, 2026, the QB Token smart contract was deployed on the BNB Smart Chain and the QB Tokens were created. On the same date, QB Limited transferred the <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_pid_uPure_c20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zhhUHJdMifYd" title="Number of quantity">16,000,000</span> QB Tokens to a blockchain wallet designated and controlled by the Company. Accordingly, the Company obtained control of the QB Tokens on May 19, 2026.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetHoldingTableTextBlock_zIKHvrKkB034" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table presents the Company’s significant crypto asset holdings as of June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BC_zuc2953tsgk2" style="display: none">Schedule of crypto asset holdings</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Quantity</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost Basis</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">QB tokens</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_pid_uPure_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_z6aDcE7mOTVb" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Crypto asset number of quantity"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16,000,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetCost_iI_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zvROjczLaP6k" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Crypto asset cost basis"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iI_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_ztSPsbfzZdPg" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Crypto asset fair value"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AF_zY4FEXqGMIqg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The fair value measurement of the QB Tokens is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, because an active market and sufficient observable market inputs were not available.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 19, 2026, the acquisition-date value of the <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_pid_uPure_c20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zq7hfLgMuWJa" title="Number of quantity">16,000,000</span> QB Tokens was determined based on the transaction consideration of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetCost_iI_c20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zysVxK9b0vJ" title="Cash">250,000</span> in cash and <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20260519__20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_znnGYrHXHGSk" title="Number of ordinary shares">500,000</span> ordinary shares of the Company. The share consideration was valued using the Company’s quoted closing share price of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zHdXdUbGJoYh" title="Share price">14.62</span> per share, resulting in share consideration of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_c20260519__20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zANsP0grkQxe" title="Share consideration">7,310,000</span> and an aggregate transaction value of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionCostOfAcquiredEntityTransactionCosts_iI_c20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zky3ieji46oh" title="Transaction value">7,560,000</span>, or $<span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--CryptoAssetFairValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20260519__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_za4ap16ejuD9" title="Fair value of crypto assets per share">0.4725</span> per QB Token.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026, the Company used the May 19, 2026 transaction price as the calibration point for determining fair value. As there were no subsequent orderly market transactions, exchange listing, or other significant developments affecting the QB Tokens through June 30, 2026, no adjustment to the calibrated transaction price was considered necessary. Accordingly, the fair value remained $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--CryptoAssetFairValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zwp0kcfFdzo1" title="Fair value of crypto assets per share">0.4725</span> per QB Token, resulting in an aggregate fair value of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iI_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zCHHj6dWv9Wi" title="Fair value of crypto assets">7,560,000</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 16000000 1000000 250000 15000000 500000 16000000 <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetHoldingTableTextBlock_zIKHvrKkB034" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table presents the Company’s significant crypto asset holdings as of June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BC_zuc2953tsgk2" style="display: none">Schedule of crypto asset holdings</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Quantity</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost Basis</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">QB tokens</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetNumberOfUnits_iI_pid_uPure_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_z6aDcE7mOTVb" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Crypto asset number of quantity"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16,000,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetCost_iI_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_zvROjczLaP6k" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Crypto asset cost basis"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--CryptoAssetFairValue_iI_c20260630__srt--CryptoAssetAxis__custom--QBTokensMember_ztSPsbfzZdPg" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Crypto asset fair value"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,560,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 16000000 7560000 7560000 16000000 250000 500000 14.62 7310000 7560000 0.4725 0.4725 7560000 <p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--AccountsAndNontradeReceivableTextBlock_z82B9ZL4GJ3j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 5 – <span id="xdx_825_zmbzccJL9F04">Accounts receivable, net</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherAssetsTableTextBlock_zdwurrarEAmk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts receivable consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BD_zhUDqQ498fo3" style="display: none">Schedule of accounts receivable</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20260630_zCNBufiNZl1g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20251231_zAe1h7WuCtn9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_iI_maARNCztie_zajAw0H5OdO3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts receivable</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">741,865</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">245,184</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iNI_di_msARNCztie_zwcFt5X4Upc9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance for credit losses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,555</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,571</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_iTI_mtARNCztie_zWPjTf8jVYo5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total accounts receivable, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">739,310</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">242,613</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AB_zYKzRFy3Ycyj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had allowance for credit losses of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iI_c20260630_zL1EhprD8FN" title="Allowance for credit losses">2,555</span> and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iI_c20251231_zQTGV6vpD6ke" title="Allowance for credit losses">2,571</span>, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zbZOOrvPovX8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Movements of allowance for credit losses from accounts receivable are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B6_z2RwffUWxLt8" style="display: none">Schedule of movements of allowance for doubtful accounts</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Year</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Beginning balance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iS_c20260101__20260630_zSXVDSM3hDre" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,571</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iS_c20250101__20251231_zaLhhBnGgFcj" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,420</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exchange rate effect</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableExchangeRateEffect_c20260101__20260630_zljk0yEWACth" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Exchange rate effect"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(16</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_986_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableExchangeRateEffect_c20250101__20251231_z5LbCO5TVd39" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Exchange rate effect"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">151</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iE_c20260101__20260630_z5nEqSMHsab2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,555</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iE_c20250101__20251231_zWJyno6D2mG9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,571</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A0_zDjXrH5LAJSe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherAssetsTableTextBlock_zdwurrarEAmk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts receivable consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BD_zhUDqQ498fo3" style="display: none">Schedule of accounts receivable</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20260630_zCNBufiNZl1g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20251231_zAe1h7WuCtn9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_iI_maARNCztie_zajAw0H5OdO3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts receivable</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">741,865</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">245,184</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iNI_di_msARNCztie_zwcFt5X4Upc9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance for credit losses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,555</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,571</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_iTI_mtARNCztie_zWPjTf8jVYo5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total accounts receivable, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">739,310</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">242,613</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 741865 245184 2555 2571 739310 242613 2555 2571 <p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--AccountsReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossTableTextBlock_zbZOOrvPovX8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Movements of allowance for credit losses from accounts receivable are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B6_z2RwffUWxLt8" style="display: none">Schedule of movements of allowance for doubtful accounts</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Year</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Beginning balance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iS_c20260101__20260630_zSXVDSM3hDre" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,571</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iS_c20250101__20251231_zaLhhBnGgFcj" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,420</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exchange rate effect</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableExchangeRateEffect_c20260101__20260630_zljk0yEWACth" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Exchange rate effect"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(16</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_986_ecustom--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableExchangeRateEffect_c20250101__20251231_z5LbCO5TVd39" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Exchange rate effect"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">151</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iE_c20260101__20260630_z5nEqSMHsab2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,555</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_iE_c20250101__20251231_zWJyno6D2mG9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,571</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 2571 2420 -16 151 2555 2571 <p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_znoBq2p0Xcm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 6 – <span id="xdx_822_z0DRw82Ny6wl">Inventories</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_zL4B4jojbNn7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventories consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B1_zx2HnpDTtk2c" style="display: none">Schedule of inventories</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260630_zGTjVqE6ftHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20251231_zB8d1yGXhVf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited) </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--InventoryFinishedGoods_iI_zcqxhIxMpbu" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trading goods</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,095</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,844</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A3_zJwkUgjn7x9a" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_zL4B4jojbNn7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventories consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B1_zx2HnpDTtk2c" style="display: none">Schedule of inventories</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260630_zGTjVqE6ftHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20251231_zB8d1yGXhVf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited) </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--InventoryFinishedGoods_iI_zcqxhIxMpbu" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trading goods</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,095</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,844</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 9095 2844 <p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivablesTextBlock_zKA2qYwva2sj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 7 – <span id="xdx_824_zCxZUte6g0zg">Other receivables</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherReceivablesTableTextBlock_ztV4FNuWVM37" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other receivables consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B8_zch1AMRoouS6" style="display: none">Schedule of other receivables</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260630_zozDhqXtZFJ1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20251231_zElLTWGsf2al" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherReceivablesNetCurrent_i01I_pp0p0_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EmployeeAdvanceAndOthersMember_zVKo5ERoCfG3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employee advance and others</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">82,236</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">82,964</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_i01NI_pp0p0_di_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EmployeeAdvanceAndOthersMember_zlMrYFM28byk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance for credit losses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(25,853</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1152">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherReceivablesNetCurrent_i01I_pp0p0_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--NonrelatedPartyMember_zI2Tlrzt79Ge" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total other receivable, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56,383</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">82,964</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A3_znXSrM8z1JMb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had allowance for credit losses of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iI_c20260630_zDyOx6Xqry1d" title="Allowance for credit losses">25,853</span> and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iI_dxL_c20251231_z9bHGX5ECSCb" title="Allowance for credit losses::XDX::-"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1159">0</span></span>, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--AllowanceForCreditLossesOnFinancingReceivablesTableTextBlock_zK612DE0wj5e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Movements of allowance for credit losses from other receivables are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B0_z3U46p9fidM" style="display: none">Schedule of movements of allowance for credit losses</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Year</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Beginning balance</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iS_c20260101__20260630_zHGnB0RYfoz9" style="text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1163">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iS_c20250101__20251231_zrNyxxk851Hb" style="text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1165">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Addition</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossesWriteOffs_c20260101__20260630_zI0jsq6yFVl4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Addition"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,853</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossesWriteOffs_c20250101__20251231_zbo8lsL9k9s8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Addition"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1169">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iE_c20260101__20260630_zSneyIcztCuf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,853</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iE_c20250101__20251231_zrcshcycRfG" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1173">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A1_zQDkexOzzDrd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherReceivablesTableTextBlock_ztV4FNuWVM37" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other receivables consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B8_zch1AMRoouS6" style="display: none">Schedule of other receivables</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260630_zozDhqXtZFJ1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20251231_zElLTWGsf2al" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherReceivablesNetCurrent_i01I_pp0p0_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EmployeeAdvanceAndOthersMember_zVKo5ERoCfG3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employee advance and others</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">82,236</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">82,964</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_i01NI_pp0p0_di_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EmployeeAdvanceAndOthersMember_zlMrYFM28byk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance for credit losses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(25,853</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1152">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherReceivablesNetCurrent_i01I_pp0p0_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--NonrelatedPartyMember_zI2Tlrzt79Ge" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total other receivable, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56,383</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">82,964</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 82236 82964 25853 56383 82964 25853 <p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--AllowanceForCreditLossesOnFinancingReceivablesTableTextBlock_zK612DE0wj5e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Movements of allowance for credit losses from other receivables are as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B0_z3U46p9fidM" style="display: none">Schedule of movements of allowance for credit losses</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Year</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Beginning balance</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iS_c20260101__20260630_zHGnB0RYfoz9" style="text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1163">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iS_c20250101__20251231_zrNyxxk851Hb" style="text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1165">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Addition</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossesWriteOffs_c20260101__20260630_zI0jsq6yFVl4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Addition"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,853</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLossesWriteOffs_c20250101__20251231_zbo8lsL9k9s8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Addition"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1169">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ending balance</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iE_c20260101__20260630_zSneyIcztCuf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,853</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--FinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLosses_iE_c20250101__20251231_zrcshcycRfG" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1173">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 25853 25853 <p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_zVOjalweEd2b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 8 – <span id="xdx_822_zjxz3LpcNHIb">Property and equipment, net</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zCchlyFecdD9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property and equipment, net consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B2_z0oJl0MEHob6" style="display: none">Schedule of property and equipment</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630_zTouhHmjC3x8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231_zAgnJznGBbMd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--OfficeEquipmentMember_z07vuGm77CAd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office equipment</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">234,014</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">235,503</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsMember_zUrknE5IWFsg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Leasehold improvement</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,286</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,364</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_maPPAENzHdg_zrN528N7MMX1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subtotal</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">246,300</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,867</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_maPPAENzHdg_zRcANch5ONhd" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property and equipment, gross</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">246,300</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,867</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_di_msPPAENzHdg_zHgv5MWLX0Na" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: accumulated depreciation</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(140,587</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(110,573</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_mtPPAENzHdg_z0bTzbcHbV89" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">105,713</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">137,294</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AC_ziPb2yOdNlFb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 amounted to $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20260101__20260630_zXhVJvzHbVH7" title="Depreciation expense">31,491</span> and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--Depreciation_c20250101__20250630_zZ7lFwJmJYp8" title="Depreciation expense">10,297</span>, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_zCchlyFecdD9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property and equipment, net consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8B2_z0oJl0MEHob6" style="display: none">Schedule of property and equipment</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630_zTouhHmjC3x8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231_zAgnJznGBbMd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--OfficeEquipmentMember_z07vuGm77CAd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office equipment</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">234,014</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">235,503</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_hus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis__us-gaap--LeaseholdImprovementsMember_zUrknE5IWFsg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Leasehold improvement</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,286</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,364</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_maPPAENzHdg_zrN528N7MMX1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subtotal</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">246,300</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,867</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_iI_maPPAENzHdg_zRcANch5ONhd" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property and equipment, gross</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">246,300</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,867</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iNI_di_msPPAENzHdg_zHgv5MWLX0Na" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: accumulated depreciation</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(140,587</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(110,573</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iTI_mtPPAENzHdg_z0bTzbcHbV89" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">105,713</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">137,294</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 234014 235503 12286 12364 246300 247867 246300 247867 140587 110573 105713 137294 31491 10297 <p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zWmEsmujTkS4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 9 – <span id="xdx_825_zj9UlbKI7RAd">Intangible assets, net</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zAbSi7bgMIbk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible assets consisted of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BC_zAR9NVQB6W63" style="display: none">Schedule of intangible assets, net</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260630_zilGWT3iNfcc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20251231_zBcCgxjOxIXl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_hus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareDevelopmentMember_zkqLLqoaPwm7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Software</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">39,348</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,637</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_hus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember_zb493vEYFpk6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Distribution rights</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">300,347</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">300,347</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_maFLIANzjzm_zl1CARYe76ek" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total intangible assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">339,695</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">330,984</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_iNI_di_msFLIANzjzm_zN6sKeSLz3Nj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: accumulated amortization</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(251,390</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(169,550</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_mtFLIANzjzm_zHMzytWJRKP4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total intangible assets, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,305</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">161,434</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A8_zwaT5BKXXaw4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 amounted to $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_c20260101__20260630_zNcgeHSg358k" title="Amortization expense">81,953</span> and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_c20250101__20250630_zI68JOGdEWz1" title="Amortization expense">77,904</span>, respectively. <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetHeldForUse_do_c20260101__20260630_z9FGLSU7gwMe" title="Impairment of intangibles assets"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetHeldForUse_do_c20250101__20250630_zRc7A370s1X5" title="Impairment of intangibles assets">No</span></span> impairment of intangibles assets was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock_zOWn5nEs2SXe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth the Company’s amortization expense for the next five years ending:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B6_zBwxjFCuoFd1" style="display: none">Schedule of amortization expense</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630_z9kOePHssDxd" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zDHlpVkP8SN9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2027</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">62,190</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_maFLIANzw4R_z5YY6Yboq0n9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,870</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zJYYLUt4x20b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,870</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zmTHFrTOk97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2030</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,478</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zos94nuUOT9g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2031</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,897</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_mtFLIANzw4R_zchunXAO6NLl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,305</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A5_zMtX90IfeVp4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_zAbSi7bgMIbk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible assets consisted of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span id="xdx_8BC_zAR9NVQB6W63" style="display: none">Schedule of intangible assets, net</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260630_zilGWT3iNfcc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20251231_zBcCgxjOxIXl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_hus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--SoftwareDevelopmentMember_zkqLLqoaPwm7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Software</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">39,348</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,637</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_hus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--DistributionRightsMember_zb493vEYFpk6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Distribution rights</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">300,347</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">300,347</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_iI_maFLIANzjzm_zl1CARYe76ek" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total intangible assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">339,695</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">330,984</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_iNI_di_msFLIANzjzm_zN6sKeSLz3Nj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: accumulated amortization</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(251,390</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(169,550</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_mtFLIANzjzm_zHMzytWJRKP4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total intangible assets, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,305</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">161,434</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 39348 30637 300347 300347 339695 330984 251390 169550 88305 161434 81953 77904 0 0 <p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock_zOWn5nEs2SXe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth the Company’s amortization expense for the next five years ending:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B6_zBwxjFCuoFd1" style="display: none">Schedule of amortization expense</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260630_z9kOePHssDxd" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zDHlpVkP8SN9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 80%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2027</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">62,190</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_iI_maFLIANzw4R_z5YY6Yboq0n9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,870</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zJYYLUt4x20b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,870</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zmTHFrTOk97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2030</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,478</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_iI_maFLIANzw4R_zos94nuUOT9g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2031</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,897</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_iTI_mtFLIANzw4R_zchunXAO6NLl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,305</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 62190 7870 7870 7478 2897 88305 <p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTextBlock_zeGmGDN9S6Ye" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 10 – <span id="xdx_826_ziq3x2peXUN7">Credit facilities</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Short term loans – private lenders</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zMJAsUOIaKkk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding balances on short term loans from private lenders consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B2_zZhZj76qpwBa">Schedule of short-term loans</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lender Name</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Collateral/</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Guarantee</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zUScFqRs16he" title="Lender name">Kong Wei Peng</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zdpH9aYYqRrk" title="Maturities">Due on demand</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_z9aParywEL7i">0.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zHKgo8aMCy1j" title="Collateral/Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zDLjr8oYizCh" title="Short term loans - related parties">2,449</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zj3p0qIvQeSg" title="Short term loans - related parties">2,464</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_z938WdjCEoaf" title="Lender name">8i Asia Limited</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zspvSyv9BjE6" title="Maturities">June 30, 2025 to December 31, 2025</span> <br/> (Repaid in March 2026)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zAMRSD56CFO2">0.0</span>-<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zL7pcbfZcUfe">8.0</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zruZ5NyGRN3g" title="Collateral/ Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zGwcSdyeWPaa" title="Short term loans - related parties"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_z5F3EA0JgBnd" title="Short term loans - related parties">372,190</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zQOjwRnzzit4">2,449</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zXjNoJLWIjH2">374,654</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AA_zaVRkwaEJ9jj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Short term loans – related parties</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zgDVKuIBDmL8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding balances on short term loans from related parties consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B0_z5GmhAwfHfif">Schedule of short-term loans</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lender Name</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Collateral/</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Guarantee</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDIp_zCwFVBh3T9rf" title="Lender name">Alfred Lim</span> (2)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDIp_zE0nNM3K2Cmk">December 31, 2023, extended to December 31, 2025</span> (Repaid in March 2026)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zGDFha4W9Mre" title="Interest Rate">8.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zjqfnxExkhle" title="Collateral/Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><br/> <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zUJKe42R7l22" title="Short term loans"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1280">-</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zCp9UunPfp63" title="Short term loans">276,558</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDMp_zlhekg0XfGmf" title="Lender Name">8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd</span> (3)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDEp_zn39cwGNcnP4">December 31, 2025</span> (1) (Repaid in March 2026)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zrno4yZlKwkb" title="Interest Rate">8.0</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zBEKmyK3ANrb" title="Collateral/ Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zMnB0OqVClta" title="Short term loans"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1291">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_z3JFOudr1GZj" title="Short term loans">1,498,155</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zVO00sItoppl" title="Short term loans"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zcITTOeiHT4j" title="Short term loans">1,774,713</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F02_z3XbBrHYr5h4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F10_zl91gNurgZwd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On March 15, 2024, loan from 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd and Meng Dong (James) Tan were converted into the Company’s ordinary shares (refer to Note 16). During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into new loan agreements with 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd., borrowing an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_pp0p0_c20241231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zMVKF9wlWgb4" title="Debt face amount">254,892</span>. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company entered into new loan agreements with 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd., borrowing an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_z4Hsr5yNuhwg" title="Debt face amount">1,325,982</span>. The loans bear interest at a rate of <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zzumgMIoIPSk" title="Interest Rate">8</span>% and are scheduled to mature on <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_dp_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zwCxHxcsyWJ7" title="Maturities">December 31, 2025</span>. The Company paid off the principal and interest balance in March 2026.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F09_zgTgai3BTbih" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1C_zI6IXz7nlD7d" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Alfred Lim is Chief Executive Officer, an executive director and shareholder of the Company.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F05_ziksuchjzNL4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zeeFZEkHkk8c" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party who had more than <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember_zv4pswJ2SAqh" title="Lender interest rate">10</span>% ownership of the Company, is the sole shareholder and director of 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd. Mr. Tan has sole voting and dispositive power over such shares.</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A4_zfKOUVOczrE6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Convertible notes – third parties</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebtTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zuC9yqowLet8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding balances on convertible notes consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B9_zq1LaKufb0xe">Schedule of convertible notes</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lender Name</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Terms</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_fKDEp_zMvnOiBARDGl" title="Bank/Private lender Name">Sarina Binti Md Amin</span> (1)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_z1TQC92PaNoa" title="Maturities">February 1, 2025</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_z5UdCRpXZO69" title="Interest Rate">6.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember_zTi0PsQc8h84" title="Collateral/Guarantee">Automatically be converted into the 33 ordinary shares on maturity date</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zcY0hEYbOlld" title="Convertible notes payable">4,897</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zouYTHuiOMvj" title="Convertible notes payable">4,929</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zgpyHs3CqxB6" title="Convertible notes payable">4,897</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zzMi0iddrkH1" title="Convertible notes payable">4,929</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F02_zKLF5ojbpD1b" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_zPMYMeMr3Ru5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of the date these unaudited condensed financial statements were issued, the Company had initiated the conversion of the notes held by Sarina Binti Md Amin into <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ConversionOfStockSharesConverted1_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zjux9LM6n69b">33</span> unregistered ordinary shares, with the settlement of such conversion currently in progress.</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A5_zWLRB77yhjhk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On August 1, 2025, the Company entered into a convertible promissory note (“Convertible Promissory Note”) agreement and issued a $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayable_iI_c20250801__us-gaap--DebtInstrumentAxis__custom--ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAgreementMember_zS1yHizw8699" title="Convertible notes issued">1,000,000</span> note. The note was convertible into the Company’s ordinary shares at a variable conversion price based on a discount to the market price, resulting in a variable number of shares issuable. The Company determined that the embedded conversion feature was not indexed to its own stock and therefore bifurcated it as a derivative liability, initially measured at fair value, with the residual proceeds allocated to the host debt.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During the year ended December 31, 2025, the note was fully converted into <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConversionOfConvertibleSecurities_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ConveribleNoteAgreementMember_zl5OspOa651a" title="Convertible promissory note converted into shares">32,555</span> ordinary shares. As the conversion occurred within the same reporting period as issuance, the fair value of the derivative liability at issuance approximated its fair value at conversion, and no material gain or loss was recognized.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Convertible notes – related parties</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebtTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zDfmfTY7iuog" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zHS9WcGh5C51" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule of convertible notes</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Lender</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name</b></span></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Terms</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDEp_z26k5LGtYgDi" title="Bank/Private lender Name">8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd</span> (1)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDIp_zkNg4zBwgxcg" title="Maturities">December 31, 2025</span> (2)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zbm0zCvdOtR1" title="Interest Rate">0.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDEp_zAw1HVfEW3wa" title="Terms">Right to convert into the Company’s ordinary shares equal to the unpaid principal amount at $25.4 per shares at any time and from time to time.</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zw6coFOQkZqc" title="Convertible notes payable"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1346">-</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zWgbmBaael4g" title="Convertible notes payable">22,373</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDMp_zudAw1qW3e4f" title="Lender Name">Meng Dong (James) Tan</span> (3)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDQp_zVrhhPaDkIii" title="Maturities">December 31, 2025</span> (4)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_z6qPJZIAiqsi" title="Interest Rate">0.0</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDMp_zYLCkMdL58Qj" title="Terms">Right to convert into the Company’s ordinary shares equal to the unpaid principal amount at $25.4 per shares at any time and from time to time.</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zXUaFJ3RS41k" title="Convertible notes payable"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1358">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_z2fxariZG8gc" title="Convertible notes payable">24,004</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zRghcTYrC1I8" title="Convertible notes payable"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1362">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zC6HCsBAMyb7" title="Convertible notes payable">46,377</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F03_zhWRdYAaOIr" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1B_z7mZBjDm3f1f" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party who had more than <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember_zRuCELgVvxX2" title="Lender interest rate">10</span>% ownership of the Company, is the sole shareholder and director of 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd. Mr. Tan has sole voting and dispositive power over the shares.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F08_zeVnNTzIgEd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zedvhX34Oqd1" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since May 15, 2023, 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”), a company owned by Mr. Tan, has been rendering certain advisory services for the Company. Pursuant to a certain Settlement Agreement between the Company and 8iEPL dated March 15, 2024 (the “8iEPL Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL for a total sum of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_c20230515__20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zf89oiSHa8ej" title="Advisory services payment">180,000</span> for such advisory services (the “Services Payment”). Between May 15, 2023 and February 28, 2024, the Company has borrowed from 8iEPL an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_ztRYDoLBY2Tc" title="Debt borrowed">712,254</span>, or a total of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20230512__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zliICHpaUcA" title="Debt borrowed">731,373</span> with unpaid and accrued interests at <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zRdXfmO5e11b" title="Interest rate">8</span>% per annum (the “8iEPL Loan”). Pursuant to the 8iEPL Settlement Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL in full satisfaction of both the Services Payment and the 8iEPL Loan in the form a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebt_iI_c20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zf6YPe4ZHi56" title="Convirtible note agreegate amount">911,373</span> (“8iEPL Convertible Note”). In April 2024, 8iEPL assigned $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebt_iI_c20240430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zRIN1X9LmIqj" title="Convirtible note agreegate amount">889,000</span> of 8iEPL Convertible Note to a third party and it was converted into <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ConversionOfStockSharesConverted1_c20240401__20240430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zawkTsZXcY2k" title="Shares converted">35,000</span> shares of the Company’s ordinary shares. Subsequently, in April 2025, a Convertible Note Extension Agreement was executed to: (i) extend the remaining 8iEPLConvertible Note’s maturity date to December 31, 2025; and (ii) provide that the outstanding unpaid balance will accrue no interest through that date. In March 2026, such balance has been fully repaid in cash by the Company.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F03_zE6INMDq8Xmi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_z8OKAOrfIT8a" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party has more than <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRateOverTime_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MrMengDongJamesTanMember_zjPhQwqD4pMi" title="Interest rate">10</span>% ownership of the Company.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F00_z096csWNFdYj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F15_zxUnigSudrxk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 26, 2023, the Company borrowed from Meng Dong (“James”) Tan, a significant shareholder of the Company, an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zxU7jSDxhhpd" title="Debt principal amount">22,500</span>, or a total of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_iI_c20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zPr0uWnzeFFk" title="Debt with unpaid and accured interest">24,004</span> with unpaid and accrued interests at <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zAEot0dlYWz4" title="Interest rate">8</span>% per annum (the “James Tan Loan”). Pursuant to a Settlement Agreement between the Company and Mr. Tan dated <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20230526__20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zHoQkd6ERNXa" title="Maturity date">March 15, 2024</span> (the “James Tan Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to issue Mr. Tan a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--DebtConversionOriginalDebtAmount1_c20230526__20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zXD9a3x1J2Ze" title="Debt amount convertible">24,004</span> (the “James Tan Convertible Note”) in full satisfaction of the James Tan Loan. Subsequently, in April 2025, a Convertible Note Extension Agreement was executed to: (i) extend the James Tan Convertible Note’s maturity date to December 31, 2025; and (ii) provide that the outstanding unpaid balance will accrue no interest through that date. In March 2026, such balance has been fully repaid in cash by the Company. </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AC_zgNOSQfNJHFc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company determined that the embedded conversion feature from the convertible notes, related parties and third parties, except above mentioned Convertible Promissory Note, qualifies for the scope exception due to the embedded conversion feature indexed to the Company’s stock in accordance with ASC 815-40-15 and meet the equity requirement in accordance with ASC815-40-25.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfMovementOfConvertibleDebtTableTextBlock_zm4IF608esNb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The movement of convertible notes from third parties and related parties are as following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B1_zTMdJj2lAsT4" style="display: none">Schedule of movement of convertible notes</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ThirdPartyMember_zWdWRvM3Xc5g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Third parties</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zmC7K3IEEQte" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Related parties</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayable_iS_zWIQspSYutif" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2025 balance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,929</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,377</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfDebt_iN_di_zG3aHkOoVuVi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repayments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1403">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(46,377</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--DebtConversionExchangeRateDifferenceAmount_iN_di_zmN3u2gcblbf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exchange rate difference</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(32</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1407">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayable_iE_zzLrQVDn88xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30, 2026 balance (unaudited)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,897</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1410">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A2_zdj52IABkX9j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zMJAsUOIaKkk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding balances on short term loans from private lenders consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B2_zZhZj76qpwBa">Schedule of short-term loans</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lender Name</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Collateral/</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Guarantee</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zUScFqRs16he" title="Lender name">Kong Wei Peng</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zdpH9aYYqRrk" title="Maturities">Due on demand</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_z9aParywEL7i">0.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zHKgo8aMCy1j" title="Collateral/Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zDLjr8oYizCh" title="Short term loans - related parties">2,449</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--KongWeiPengMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zj3p0qIvQeSg" title="Short term loans - related parties">2,464</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_z938WdjCEoaf" title="Lender name">8i Asia Limited</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zspvSyv9BjE6" title="Maturities">June 30, 2025 to December 31, 2025</span> <br/> (Repaid in March 2026)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zAMRSD56CFO2">0.0</span>-<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zL7pcbfZcUfe">8.0</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zruZ5NyGRN3g" title="Collateral/ Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zGwcSdyeWPaa" title="Short term loans - related parties"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_z5F3EA0JgBnd" title="Short term loans - related parties">372,190</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zQOjwRnzzit4">2,449</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__custom--PrivateLendersMember_zXjNoJLWIjH2">374,654</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> Kong Wei Peng Due on demand 0.000 None 2449 2464 8i Asia Limited June 30, 2025 to December 31, 2025 0.000 0.080 None 372190 2449 374654 <p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zgDVKuIBDmL8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding balances on short term loans from related parties consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B0_z5GmhAwfHfif">Schedule of short-term loans</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lender Name</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Collateral/</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Guarantee</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDIp_zCwFVBh3T9rf" title="Lender name">Alfred Lim</span> (2)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDIp_zE0nNM3K2Cmk">December 31, 2023, extended to December 31, 2025</span> (Repaid in March 2026)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zGDFha4W9Mre" title="Interest Rate">8.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zjqfnxExkhle" title="Collateral/Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><br/> <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zUJKe42R7l22" title="Short term loans"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1280">-</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zCp9UunPfp63" title="Short term loans">276,558</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDMp_zlhekg0XfGmf" title="Lender Name">8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd</span> (3)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiAsiaLimitedMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_fKDEp_zn39cwGNcnP4">December 31, 2025</span> (1) (Repaid in March 2026)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zrno4yZlKwkb" title="Interest Rate">8.0</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zBEKmyK3ANrb" title="Collateral/ Guarantee">None</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zMnB0OqVClta" title="Short term loans"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1291">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_z3JFOudr1GZj" title="Short term loans">1,498,155</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zVO00sItoppl" title="Short term loans"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShortTermBorrowings_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zcITTOeiHT4j" title="Short term loans">1,774,713</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F02_z3XbBrHYr5h4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F10_zl91gNurgZwd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On March 15, 2024, loan from 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd and Meng Dong (James) Tan were converted into the Company’s ordinary shares (refer to Note 16). During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into new loan agreements with 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd., borrowing an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_pp0p0_c20241231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zMVKF9wlWgb4" title="Debt face amount">254,892</span>. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company entered into new loan agreements with 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd., borrowing an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_pp0p0_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_z4Hsr5yNuhwg" title="Debt face amount">1,325,982</span>. The loans bear interest at a rate of <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zzumgMIoIPSk" title="Interest Rate">8</span>% and are scheduled to mature on <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTerms_dp_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zwCxHxcsyWJ7" title="Maturities">December 31, 2025</span>. The Company paid off the principal and interest balance in March 2026.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F09_zgTgai3BTbih" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1C_zI6IXz7nlD7d" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Alfred Lim is Chief Executive Officer, an executive director and shareholder of the Company.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F05_ziksuchjzNL4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zeeFZEkHkk8c" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party who had more than <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHNob3J0LXRlcm0gbG9hbnMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember_zv4pswJ2SAqh" title="Lender interest rate">10</span>% ownership of the Company, is the sole shareholder and director of 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd. Mr. Tan has sole voting and dispositive power over such shares.</span></td></tr> </table> Alfred Lim December 31, 2023, extended to December 31, 2025 0.080 None 276558 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd December 31, 2025 0.080 None 1498155 1774713 254892 1325982 0.08 December 31, 2025 0.10 <p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebtTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zuC9yqowLet8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding balances on convertible notes consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B9_zq1LaKufb0xe">Schedule of convertible notes</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lender Name</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Terms</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_fKDEp_zMvnOiBARDGl" title="Bank/Private lender Name">Sarina Binti Md Amin</span> (1)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_z1TQC92PaNoa" title="Maturities">February 1, 2025</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_z5UdCRpXZO69" title="Interest Rate">6.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember_zTi0PsQc8h84" title="Collateral/Guarantee">Automatically be converted into the 33 ordinary shares on maturity date</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zcY0hEYbOlld" title="Convertible notes payable">4,897</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zouYTHuiOMvj" title="Convertible notes payable">4,929</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zgpyHs3CqxB6" title="Convertible notes payable">4,897</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zzMi0iddrkH1" title="Convertible notes payable">4,929</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F02_zKLF5ojbpD1b" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_zPMYMeMr3Ru5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of the date these unaudited condensed financial statements were issued, the Company had initiated the conversion of the notes held by Sarina Binti Md Amin into <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ConversionOfStockSharesConverted1_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--SarinaBintiMdAminMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesThirdPartiesMember_zjux9LM6n69b">33</span> unregistered ordinary shares, with the settlement of such conversion currently in progress.</span></td></tr> </table> Sarina Binti Md Amin 2025-02-01 0.060 Automatically be converted into the 33 ordinary shares on maturity date 4897 4929 4897 4929 33 1000000 32555 <p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebtTableTextBlock_hus-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zDfmfTY7iuog" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zHS9WcGh5C51" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule of convertible notes</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Lender</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name</b></span></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Maturities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Interest</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Rate</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Terms</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDEp_z26k5LGtYgDi" title="Bank/Private lender Name">8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd</span> (1)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDIp_zkNg4zBwgxcg" title="Maturities">December 31, 2025</span> (2)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zbm0zCvdOtR1" title="Interest Rate">0.0</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDEp_zAw1HVfEW3wa" title="Terms">Right to convert into the Company’s ordinary shares equal to the unpaid principal amount at $25.4 per shares at any time and from time to time.</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zw6coFOQkZqc" title="Convertible notes payable"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1346">-</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zWgbmBaael4g" title="Convertible notes payable">22,373</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtLender_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDMp_zudAw1qW3e4f" title="Lender Name">Meng Dong (James) Tan</span> (3)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDQp_zVrhhPaDkIii" title="Maturities">December 31, 2025</span> (4)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_z6qPJZIAiqsi" title="Interest Rate">0.0</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCollateral_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_fKDMp_zYLCkMdL58Qj" title="Terms">Right to convert into the Company’s ordinary shares equal to the unpaid principal amount at $25.4 per shares at any time and from time to time.</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zXUaFJ3RS41k" title="Convertible notes payable"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1358">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_z2fxariZG8gc" title="Convertible notes payable">24,004</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zRghcTYrC1I8" title="Convertible notes payable"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1362">-</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertibleNotesRelatedPartiesMember_zC6HCsBAMyb7" title="Convertible notes payable">46,377</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F03_zhWRdYAaOIr" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1B_z7mZBjDm3f1f" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party who had more than <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_c20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EightIHoldingsTwoPtdLtdMember_zRuCELgVvxX2" title="Lender interest rate">10</span>% ownership of the Company, is the sole shareholder and director of 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd. Mr. Tan has sole voting and dispositive power over the shares.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F08_zeVnNTzIgEd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zedvhX34Oqd1" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since May 15, 2023, 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”), a company owned by Mr. Tan, has been rendering certain advisory services for the Company. Pursuant to a certain Settlement Agreement between the Company and 8iEPL dated March 15, 2024 (the “8iEPL Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL for a total sum of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_c20230515__20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zf89oiSHa8ej" title="Advisory services payment">180,000</span> for such advisory services (the “Services Payment”). Between May 15, 2023 and February 28, 2024, the Company has borrowed from 8iEPL an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_ztRYDoLBY2Tc" title="Debt borrowed">712,254</span>, or a total of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20230512__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zliICHpaUcA" title="Debt borrowed">731,373</span> with unpaid and accrued interests at <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zRdXfmO5e11b" title="Interest rate">8</span>% per annum (the “8iEPL Loan”). Pursuant to the 8iEPL Settlement Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL in full satisfaction of both the Services Payment and the 8iEPL Loan in the form a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebt_iI_c20230515__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zf6YPe4ZHi56" title="Convirtible note agreegate amount">911,373</span> (“8iEPL Convertible Note”). In April 2024, 8iEPL assigned $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebt_iI_c20240430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zRIN1X9LmIqj" title="Convirtible note agreegate amount">889,000</span> of 8iEPL Convertible Note to a third party and it was converted into <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ConversionOfStockSharesConverted1_c20240401__20240430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zawkTsZXcY2k" title="Shares converted">35,000</span> shares of the Company’s ordinary shares. Subsequently, in April 2025, a Convertible Note Extension Agreement was executed to: (i) extend the remaining 8iEPLConvertible Note’s maturity date to December 31, 2025; and (ii) provide that the outstanding unpaid balance will accrue no interest through that date. In March 2026, such balance has been fully repaid in cash by the Company.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F03_zE6INMDq8Xmi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_z8OKAOrfIT8a" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party has more than <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShortTermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRateOverTime_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--MrMengDongJamesTanMember_zjPhQwqD4pMi" title="Interest rate">10</span>% ownership of the Company.</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_F00_z096csWNFdYj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F15_zxUnigSudrxk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 26, 2023, the Company borrowed from Meng Dong (“James”) Tan, a significant shareholder of the Company, an aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zxU7jSDxhhpd" title="Debt principal amount">22,500</span>, or a total of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_iI_c20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zPr0uWnzeFFk" title="Debt with unpaid and accured interest">24,004</span> with unpaid and accrued interests at <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zAEot0dlYWz4" title="Interest rate">8</span>% per annum (the “James Tan Loan”). Pursuant to a Settlement Agreement between the Company and Mr. Tan dated <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20230526__20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zHoQkd6ERNXa" title="Maturity date">March 15, 2024</span> (the “James Tan Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to issue Mr. Tan a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGNvbnZlcnRpYmxlIG5vdGVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--DebtConversionOriginalDebtAmount1_c20230526__20230526__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--JamesTanSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrMengDongTanMember_zXD9a3x1J2Ze" title="Debt amount convertible">24,004</span> (the “James Tan Convertible Note”) in full satisfaction of the James Tan Loan. Subsequently, in April 2025, a Convertible Note Extension Agreement was executed to: (i) extend the James Tan Convertible Note’s maturity date to December 31, 2025; and (ii) provide that the outstanding unpaid balance will accrue no interest through that date. In March 2026, such balance has been fully repaid in cash by the Company. </span></td></tr> </table> 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd 2025-12-31 0.0 Right to convert into the Company’s ordinary shares equal to the unpaid principal amount at $25.4 per shares at any time and from time to time. 22373 Meng Dong (James) Tan 2025-12-31 0.0 Right to convert into the Company’s ordinary shares equal to the unpaid principal amount at $25.4 per shares at any time and from time to time. 24004 46377 0.10 180000 712254 731373 0.08 911373 889000 35000 0.10 22500 24004 0.08 2024-03-15 24004 <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfMovementOfConvertibleDebtTableTextBlock_zm4IF608esNb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The movement of convertible notes from third parties and related parties are as following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B1_zTMdJj2lAsT4" style="display: none">Schedule of movement of convertible notes</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ThirdPartyMember_zWdWRvM3Xc5g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Third parties</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zmC7K3IEEQte" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Related parties</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayable_iS_zWIQspSYutif" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2025 balance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,929</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,377</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfDebt_iN_di_zG3aHkOoVuVi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repayments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1403">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(46,377</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--DebtConversionExchangeRateDifferenceAmount_iN_di_zmN3u2gcblbf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exchange rate difference</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(32</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1407">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ConvertibleNotesPayable_iE_zzLrQVDn88xa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30, 2026 balance (unaudited)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,897</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1410">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 4929 46377 46377 32 4897 <p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_zNp63b4fFMQf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 11 – <span id="xdx_821_z24vbhjSbMz5">Other payables and accrued liabilities</span></b></span></p> <p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zfhNe3OFwRq8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B0_zHERC8UOk3bf" style="display: none">Schedule of other payables and accrued liabilities</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20260630_zb0G9yK0pkN4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231_zyqKuNRNpC6c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_maAPAOAz16D_zJdU8tLLua5f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued expenses <span id="xdx_F4D_zo03AwFQJVJ8">(i)</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,377,313</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,351,245</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent_iI_pp0p0_maAPAOAz16D_z8fZvMXliYUl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued payroll</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">689,139</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">613,590</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pp0p0_mtAPAOAz16D_zGexOOr5mhUl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total other payables and accrued liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,066,452</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,964,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i id="xdx_F02_zGeBmAetMFl3">(i)</i></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Accrued expenses</i></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1D_z32DaOeg2KYi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The balance of accrued expenses represented amount due to third parties service providers which include marketing consulting service, IT related professional service, legal, audit and accounting fees, and other miscellaneous office related expenses.</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AE_zX1UUhDU31Cf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zfhNe3OFwRq8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B0_zHERC8UOk3bf" style="display: none">Schedule of other payables and accrued liabilities</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20260630_zb0G9yK0pkN4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20251231_zyqKuNRNpC6c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_maAPAOAz16D_zJdU8tLLua5f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued expenses <span id="xdx_F4D_zo03AwFQJVJ8">(i)</span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,377,313</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,351,245</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent_iI_pp0p0_maAPAOAz16D_z8fZvMXliYUl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued payroll</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">689,139</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">613,590</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iTI_pp0p0_mtAPAOAz16D_zGexOOr5mhUl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total other payables and accrued liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,066,452</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,964,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i id="xdx_F02_zGeBmAetMFl3">(i)</i></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Accrued expenses</i></span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1D_z32DaOeg2KYi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The balance of accrued expenses represented amount due to third parties service providers which include marketing consulting service, IT related professional service, legal, audit and accounting fees, and other miscellaneous office related expenses.</span></td></tr> </table> 1377313 1351245 689139 613590 2066452 1964835 <p id="xdx_805_ecustom--WarrantLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_zWI9K3wD8Xhc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 12 – <span id="xdx_821_zAwiUcu1qHV3">Warrant liabilities</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On November 26, 2025, the Company issued a warrant to purchase up to <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByEachWarrantOrRight_iI_pid_c20251126__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementsMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zCnkQeJkCEik" title="Warrants to purchase ordinary shares">100,000</span> ordinary shares in connection with a securities purchase agreement and received proceeds of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfWarrants_c20251126__20251126__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--CommonStockMember__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SecuritiesPurchaseAgreementMember_zK9nW0Ngah75" title="Proceeds from issuance of warrant">100,000</span>. The warrant was subsequently amended, including a reduction in the exercise price.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company determined that the warrant meets the definition of a derivative under ASC 815 and does not qualify for equity classification, as its settlement provisions are not solely indexed to the Company’s own stock. Accordingly, the warrant is classified as a derivative liability and is measured at fair value at issuance and at each reporting date, with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The warrant liability was initially recognized at its fair value of $<span id="xdx_903_ecustom--WarrantLiabilityFairValueDisclosure_iI_c20251126_zrZJewEe4Nr9" title="Warrant liability fair value disclosure">100,000</span> upon issuance. As of December 31, 2025, the fair value of the warrant liability was $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--WarrantLiabilityFairValueDisclosure_iI_c20251231_zxVgDX4Y5aO7" title="Warrant liability fair value disclosure">125,000</span>, resulting in a $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_c20250101__20251231_zXpcYxV9wwNa" title="Fair value adjustment of warrants">25,000</span> loss recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025. The fair value of the warrant liability is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of significant unobservable inputs, including consideration of the contractual repurchase feature at $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--SharePrice_iI_pid_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zNgvhPUhjzMl" title="Share price">1.25</span> per warrant share. As the conditions required to trigger the forced cash exercise provision were not met, the Company elected to exercise its contractual repurchase right. Accordingly, in March 2026, the Company repurchased the warrant in full for $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--StockRepurchasedAndRetiredDuringPeriodValue_c20260301__20260331__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zHs0aknxk6y7" title="Warrants repurchased">125,000</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 100000 100000 100000 125000 25000 1.25 125000 <p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_zlgGOowLl5Cj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 13 – <span id="xdx_825_zNZkCzzUpkXb">Related party balances and transactions</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Related party balances</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock_zZJPor71wzMk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other receivable – related party</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_z1lDn01XI2Ge" style="display: none">Schedule of related party balances</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name of Related Party</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Relationship</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nature</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20260630_z3jJr8WTKKi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20251231_zl1eWD6sigwa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherReceivables_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zIcEnHeB9fw6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 22%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Alex Lai Kum Weng</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_988_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zlgHLEUXIDek" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director of CKHP</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zePN0P1B4qKe" style="width: 18%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employee advance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,570</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,625</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OtherReceivables_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zxsWYBooDNE5" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other receivable – related party</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zeZdGa0J4jae" style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director of CKHP</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_znRIH84NpI4f" style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employee advance</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,570</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,625</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other payables – related parties</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name of Related Party</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Relationship</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nature</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20260630_zRylzjSm6KD3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20251231_zEmcvfnNvNQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthPteLtdMember_zmqcHbZpH4J" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 22%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kent Ridge Health Pte Ltd</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthPteLtdMember_zVz8X0e25OZi" style="width: 16%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholders of this entity are also the shareholders of the Company</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthPteLtdMember_zTkXLiRc4qn8" style="width: 18%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">395,779</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">395,779</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zvBwmOtAntPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Meng Dong (James) Tan</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zqAfY0Q5t0uc" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zWBXvOPQ41Hi" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,181</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,181</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ChongYewYenMember_zRZ3MrdQDuVi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Chong Yew Yen</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ChongYewYenMember_zMa6FrSPTl3h" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director of CKHP (resigned on July 31, 2024) and shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ChongYewYenMember_zBNvVu2AeqI3" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_zPtRFjQIZpJe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”) <span id="xdx_F4D_zSRolL23hKY3">(1)</span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_fKDEp_z0yQa0iunqVl" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Meng Dong (James) Tan who is the shareholder of this entity is also a shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_fKDEp_zEUiSETSvvXk" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advisory services fee payable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">360,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">315,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiDigitalServicesPtdLtdMember_zVbhpt4Sf0H2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8i Digital services Pte Ltd (“8i Digital”)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiDigitalServicesPtdLtdMember_zXVbjUrI8XXf" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Meng Dong (James) Tan who is a shareholders of this entity is also a shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiDigitalServicesPtdLtdMember_zwUfRUVlN3Qa" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advisory services fee payable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,948</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,948</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--VivianTayMember_zwPtSbjeI4W4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Vivian Tay</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--VivianTayMember_zPJ07BFxiSQg" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--VivianTayMember_zE8Gy55yfIn8" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1481">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,849</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zj9AK1IM3LA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Alfred Lim</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_982_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zP8GQP2ZEJL4" style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt" title="Relationship"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Chief Executive Officer, an executive director and shareholder of the Company</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zUNQ4sp4TVtl" style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt" title="Nature"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">97,441</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">52,114</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zIzotb2bQMHg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">877,579</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">790,101</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_z4xxiRevA6q4" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other payables - related parties</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">877,579</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">790,101</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F00_zFHNoqh6xmo3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1B_zBVxhTLFeVmc" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A balance of $</span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConversionOfUnits_c20240301__20240331__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_z2q59hUXArvk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">135,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">was converted into the Company’s ordinary shares in March 2024. See Note 14. On March 16, 2024, the Company entered into a consultancy agreement (the “Consultancy Agreement”) with 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”) for a term of 12 months to engage 8iEPL’s services in connection with merger and acquisition advisory services, including advisory for acquisition of Fortress Cove and its subsidiaries which is </span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByNoncontrollingOwners_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240316__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zDPbhlByEUxd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">40</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">% owned by Meng Dong (James) Tan before the acquisition. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had accrued $</span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_900_ecustom--AdvisoryServiceFee_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_zh2uFtqv41hi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt" title="Advisory service fee">360,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $</span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90A_ecustom--AdvisoryServiceFee_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_ze77w4bleg22" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt" title="Advisory service fee">315,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">advisory service fee pertaining to this Consultancy Agreement, respectively.</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A8_zEgdMEWHcVrk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i> </i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i> </i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Short term loans – related parties</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See Note 10 for details.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Convertible notes – related parties</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See Note 10 for details.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Related party transaction</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Consulting agreements with 8iEPL</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On March 16, 2024, the Company entered into a consultancy agreement (the “Consultancy Agreement”) with 8iEPL for a term of <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--BusinessAcquisitionPeriodResultsIncludedInCombinedEntity_dtM_c20240316__20240316__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_znFkrtCeqLl6" title="Advisory service term">12</span> months to engage 8iEPL’s services in connection with merger and acquisition advisory services. The Consultancy Agreement had been renewed for an additional 12 months term in March 2025. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had accrued $<span id="xdx_904_ecustom--AdvisoryServiceFee_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_zYVmPTdH91Ji" title="Advisory service fee">360,000</span> and $<span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--AdvisoryServiceFee_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_zlsEgIREAYp5" title="Advisory service fee">315,000</span>, respectively, in advisory service fees related to this Consultancy Agreement.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Revenue - related parties</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company generated revenue from stem cell treatment services provided to related parties, including Eric Lew, the Company’s Chairman, and Alfred Lim, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, in the amounts of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAmountsOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EricLewMember_zaRkUSNVO1ik" title="Revenue">26,550</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionAmountsOfTransaction_dxL_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zHuhQ0LcQb8a" title="Revenue::XDX::-"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1514">NIL</span></span>,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> respectively. <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--Revenues_do_c20250101__20250630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zMIdO7vvPs4i" title="Revenue">No</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">revenue  from related parties was recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2025.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock_zZJPor71wzMk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other receivable – related party</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_z1lDn01XI2Ge" style="display: none">Schedule of related party balances</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name of Related Party</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Relationship</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nature</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20260630_z3jJr8WTKKi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20251231_zl1eWD6sigwa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherReceivables_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zIcEnHeB9fw6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 22%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Alex Lai Kum Weng</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_988_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zlgHLEUXIDek" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director of CKHP</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zePN0P1B4qKe" style="width: 18%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employee advance</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,570</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,625</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OtherReceivables_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zxsWYBooDNE5" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other receivable – related party</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_zeZdGa0J4jae" style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director of CKHP</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlexLaiKumWengMember_znRIH84NpI4f" style="display: none; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employee advance</span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,570</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,625</span></td><td style="display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other payables – related parties</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name of Related Party</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Relationship</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nature</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20260630_zRylzjSm6KD3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20251231_zEmcvfnNvNQ" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthPteLtdMember_zmqcHbZpH4J" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 22%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kent Ridge Health Pte Ltd</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthPteLtdMember_zVz8X0e25OZi" style="width: 16%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholders of this entity are also the shareholders of the Company</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthPteLtdMember_zTkXLiRc4qn8" style="width: 18%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">395,779</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">395,779</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zvBwmOtAntPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Meng Dong (James) Tan</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zqAfY0Q5t0uc" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zWBXvOPQ41Hi" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,181</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,181</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ChongYewYenMember_zRZ3MrdQDuVi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Chong Yew Yen</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ChongYewYenMember_zMa6FrSPTl3h" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director of CKHP (resigned on July 31, 2024) and shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--ChongYewYenMember_zBNvVu2AeqI3" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_zPtRFjQIZpJe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”) <span id="xdx_F4D_zSRolL23hKY3">(1)</span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_fKDEp_z0yQa0iunqVl" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Meng Dong (James) Tan who is the shareholder of this entity is also a shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_fKDEp_zEUiSETSvvXk" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advisory services fee payable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">360,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">315,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiDigitalServicesPtdLtdMember_zVbhpt4Sf0H2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8i Digital services Pte Ltd (“8i Digital”)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiDigitalServicesPtdLtdMember_zXVbjUrI8XXf" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Meng Dong (James) Tan who is a shareholders of this entity is also a shareholder of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiDigitalServicesPtdLtdMember_zwUfRUVlN3Qa" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advisory services fee payable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,948</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,948</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--VivianTayMember_zwPtSbjeI4W4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Vivian Tay</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--VivianTayMember_zPJ07BFxiSQg" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--VivianTayMember_zE8Gy55yfIn8" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1481">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,849</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zj9AK1IM3LA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Alfred Lim</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_982_ecustom--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfRelationship_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zP8GQP2ZEJL4" style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt" title="Relationship"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Chief Executive Officer, an executive director and shareholder of the Company</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--AlfredLimMember_zUNQ4sp4TVtl" style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt" title="Nature"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">97,441</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">52,114</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_zIzotb2bQMHg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">877,579</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">790,101</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--RelatedPartyMember_z4xxiRevA6q4" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other payables - related parties</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">877,579</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; display: none; text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">790,101</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F00_zFHNoqh6xmo3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1B_zBVxhTLFeVmc" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A balance of $</span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConversionOfUnits_c20240301__20240331__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_z2q59hUXArvk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">135,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">was converted into the Company’s ordinary shares in March 2024. See Note 14. On March 16, 2024, the Company entered into a consultancy agreement (the “Consultancy Agreement”) with 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”) for a term of 12 months to engage 8iEPL’s services in connection with merger and acquisition advisory services, including advisory for acquisition of Fortress Cove and its subsidiaries which is </span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByNoncontrollingOwners_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240316__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--MengDongJamesTanMember_zDPbhlByEUxd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">40</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">% owned by Meng Dong (James) Tan before the acquisition. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had accrued $</span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_900_ecustom--AdvisoryServiceFee_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_zh2uFtqv41hi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt" title="Advisory service fee">360,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $</span><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIHJlbGF0ZWQgcGFydHkgYmFsYW5jZXMgKERldGFpbHMpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_" id="xdx_90A_ecustom--AdvisoryServiceFee_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPtdLtdMember_ze77w4bleg22" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt" title="Advisory service fee">315,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">advisory service fee pertaining to this Consultancy Agreement, respectively.</span></td></tr> </table> Director of CKHP Employee advance 8570 8625 Director of CKHP Employee advance 8570 8625 Shareholders of this entity are also the shareholders of the Company Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company 395779 395779 Shareholder of the Company Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company 2181 2181 Director of CKHP (resigned on July 31, 2024) and shareholder of the Company Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company 230 230 Meng Dong (James) Tan who is the shareholder of this entity is also a shareholder of the Company Advisory services fee payable 360000 315000 Meng Dong (James) Tan who is a shareholders of this entity is also a shareholder of the Company Advisory services fee payable 21948 21948 Interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company 2849 Chief Executive Officer, an executive director and shareholder of the Company Operating expense paid on behalf of the Company 97441 52114 877579 790101 877579 790101 135000 0.40 360000 315000 P12M 360000 315000 26550 0 <p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zZHDTtEoSFZj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 14 – <span id="xdx_822_zn2i32F6eyWh">Shareholders’ equity</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Ordinary shares</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company is authorized to issue <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorizedUnlimited_c20260101__20260630_zYhmgd0G3r86" title="Ordinary shares, shares authorized"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1520">unlimited</span></span> ordinary shares of <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockNoParValue_iI_do_c20260630_zEEdpdBKzNz2" title="Ordinary shares, no par value">no</span> par value. <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CommonStockVotingRights_c20260101__20260630_z4EgguVe4K6a" title="Ordinary shares voting rights">Holders of the Company’s ordinary shares are entitled to one vote for each ordinary share.</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>-Reverse stock split</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On March 23, 2026, the Company effected a <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ReverseStockSplitDescription_c20260323__20260323__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--ReverseStockSplitMember_zODXgbXQX7M2" title="Reverse stock split, description">1:20 reverse stock split</span> of its shares of common stock. All share and per share amounts presented herein and in the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of the March 23, 2026 <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--ReverseStockSplitDescription_c20260323__20260323__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--ReverseStockSplitMember_zmB4E5cCmTTe" title="Reverse stock split, description">1:20 reverse stock split</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>-Private placements</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company issued and sold to seven accredited investors an aggregate of <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_pid_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zF9pL4LfEke1" title="Ordinary shares sold">625,000</span> ordinary shares (the “Placement Shares”) at $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20260630__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zD5k3Op8Xnnc" title="Sale price of the ordinary shares">6.00</span> per share for an aggregate to purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__us-gaap--PrivatePlacementMember_zI5pxdItHAAl" title="Ordinary shares sold, value">3,750,000</span> in a private placement. The ordinary shares were issued and sold pursuant to the Company’s prospectus dated November 4, 2024 and a prospectus supplement dated March 2, 2026 (the “Prospectus Supplement”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Conversion of debts</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>-Conversion of debts for the year ended December 31, 2024</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On March 15, 2024, the Company entered into settlement agreements (“Executive Settlement Agreement”) with the former Chief Executive Officer Kelvin Chen, former Chief Financial Officer Steven Sobak, and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director Alfred Lim to resolve outstanding compensation. Under these agreements, Mr. Chen was issued <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrChenMember_zQdkoE4Yh0m3" title="Restricted ordinary shares">8,333</span> restricted ordinary shares in satisfaction of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardGross_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrChenMember_z0tFXzOsGF9f" title="Restricted ordinary shares, value">212,484</span>, Mr. Sobak received <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrSobakMember_zbc9WGzkQEya" title="Restricted ordinary shares">3,753</span> restricted ordinary shares for $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardGross_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrSobakMember_zuMX90vDSHz6" title="Restricted ordinary shares, value">95,700</span>, and Mr. Lim was granted <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrLimMember_z4p5UKVELdEa" title="Restricted ordinary shares">2,683</span> restricted ordinary shares for $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardGross_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--MrLimMember_zirnasb1Uoag" title="Restricted ordinary shares, value">68,403</span>. All share issuances were based on the per-share closing price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_pid_c20240314__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember_zEDK8wqTT3ee" title="Shares issued during period, per share">25.50</span> as of March 14, 2024, and fully satisfied the salaries and compensation owed to each executive as of December 31, 2023.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to a certain Settlement Agreement between the Company and 8iEPL, the Company’s related party dated March 15, 2024 (the “8iEPL Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL for a total sum of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_c20240315__20240315__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zrxbwjEFkH3b" title="Advisory services">180,000</span> for such advisory services (the “Services Payment”). Between May 15, 2023 and February 28, 2024, the Company has borrowed from 8iEPL an aggregate amount of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_iI_c20240228__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zDh1jVip9O77" title="Borrowed amount">712,254</span>, or a total of $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_iI_c20240228__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zivdOkgXKBDk" title="Total borrowed amount">731,373</span> with unpaid and accrued interests at <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20240228__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zW3MXhEv6y74" title="Accrued interests">8</span>% per annum (the “8iEPL Loan”). Pursuant to the 8iEPL Settlement Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL in full satisfaction of both the Services Payment and the 8iEPL Loan in the form a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebt_iI_c20240228__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zjhfmBWgtmZ6" title="Convertible note amount">911,373</span> (the “8iEPL Convertible Note”). In April 2024, 8iEPL assigned the 8iEPL Convertible Note to a third party for an amount of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ConvertibleDebt_iI_c20240430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zBW2hAoamHra" title="Convertible note amount">889,000</span>, and converted into <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ConversionOfStockSharesConverted1_c20240401__20240430__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SettlementAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EightiEnterprisesPteLtdMember_zQPP1JZrTcci" title="Converted shares">35,000</span> shares of the Company’s ordinary shares in May 2024.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfIssuanceOfSharesUponConversionOfNotesAndSettlementOfDebtsTableTextBlock_zl2eXxQmljof" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following tables summarize the issuance of shares upon conversion of notes and settlement of debts discussed above:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8BE_zVKP2JJknyXh" style="display: none">Schedule of issuance of shares upon conversion of notes and settlement of debts</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember_zUSE0lAKZO1f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Executive<br/> Settlement</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Agreement</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--EightiEPLSettlementMember_z72xv2qnnwag" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>8iEPL</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Settlement</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Agreement</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630_zJUyFAS7azG3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--RestrictedOrdinarySharesIssuedForSettlements_zsoEt4UtoZ7e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted Ordinary shares issued for settlements</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,769</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">35,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">49,769</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--SharePriceAsOfSettlementDate_zM07SI6HBhwk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Share price as of settlement date</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25.50</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">38.20</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DebtConversionConvertedInstrumentAmount1_z2Ny8kmLPI55" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of settlement shares</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">376,587</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,337,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,713,587</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ExtinguishmentOfDebtAmount_iN_di_zzYf93HJIFxh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Debt settled on May 16, 2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(376,587</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(889,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,265,587</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--GainsLossesOnExtinguishmentOfDebt_iN_di_zzWnPyzyFGXh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss on Debt Settlements</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1582">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">448,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">448,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AF_zQsArqv3VsY8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Conversion of convertible note</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In January 2025, the Company issued <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--SharesIssued_iI_c20250131__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--ConversionOfConvertibleNoteMember_zQQn6BtZ8osd" title="Ordinary shares">167</span> ordinary shares to Madam Chong Ah Kaw upon conversion of a convertible note.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During the year ended December 31, 2025, $<span id="xdx_907_ecustom--ConvertiblePromissoryNotes_iI_c20251231_z5Jgh2EVEkCi" title="Convertible promissory notes">1,000,000</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">of the Convertible Promissory Note was fully converted into <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ConversionOfStockSharesConverted1_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--ShortTermDebtTypeAxis__custom--ConvertiblePromissoryNotesMember_zXDxofwQs9t3">32,555</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares. As the conversion occurred within the same reporting period as issuance, no material gain or loss was recognized upon conversion (Note 10).</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Warrants</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In connection with the reverse recapitalization, the Company has assumed <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zVTXWzXVOn1h" title="Warrants outstanding">8,917,250</span> Warrants outstanding, which consisted of <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PublicWarrantMember_zZPoiLp2Kevh" title="Warrants outstanding">8,625,000</span> Public Warrants and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PrivateWarrantMember_zTan4PP4mhF6" title="Warrants outstanding">292,250</span> Private Warrants. Both of the Public Warrants and private warrant met the criteria for equity classification.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Warrants became exercisable on the later of (a) the completion of the reverse recapitalization or (b) 12 months from the closing of the initial public offering (“IPO”). The warrants will expire <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_iI_dc_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zqKq5mq2HAt6" title="Warrants term">five years</span> after the completion of a reverse recapitalization or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 the Company had <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PublicWarrantMember_zSPjzwXpqfK2" title="Warrants outstanding">8,625,000</span> Public Warrants outstanding and <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--PrivateWarrantMember_zSHQzWGCP96a" title="Warrants outstanding">292,250</span> Private Warrants outstanding. Each whole Public Warrant and Private Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--SharePurchaseAgreementMember_zVfZw6fMVVU2" title="Warrant to purchase ordinary share, price per share">0.025</span> share of the Company’s ordinary share at a price of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20260630_zDdzZWzqvp4l" title="Warrant to purchase ordinary share, price per share">230.00</span> per share, subject to the following conditions discussed below.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company may redeem the Public Warrants and Private Warrants in whole and not in part, at a price of $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--WarrantsRedemptionPrice_c20260101__20260630_zy1vubu4GeUh" title="Warrants redemption price">0.01</span> per warrant:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● at any time while the warrants are exercisable and prior to their expiration,</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder,</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the ordinary shares equals or exceeds $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockPricePerShare_iI_c20260630_zV8Qh1neKJI4" title="Sale price of the ordinary shares">330.00</span> per share (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations), for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading days period ending on the third trading business day prior to the notice of redemption to warrant holders, and,</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">● if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the Ordinary Shares underlying the Warrants for each day in the 30-day trading period and continuing each day thereafter until the Redemption Date or the cashless exercise of the Warrants is exempt from the registration requirements under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”)</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If the Company calls the warrants for redemption as described above, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted for splits, dividends, recapitalizations and other similar events. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The only difference between Public Warrants and Private Warrants is that the Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until after the completion of reverse recapitalization.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_ziXF2WvFvEDf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The summary of warrants activity is as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B9_z99OUbreWpbl" style="display: none">Schedule of warrant activities</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants <br/>Outstanding</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ordinary <br/>Shares Issuable</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted <br/>Average <br/>Exercise <br/>Price</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average <br/>Remaining <br/>Contractual <br/>Life</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2024</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zPqmIRptd20j" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Warrants Outstanding, Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,917,250</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableOutstandingNumber_iS_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zzX6UtXRADO7" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">222,931</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z3NhHzRp7phh" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230.00</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm_dtY_c20240101__20241231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zm3l5ted6JUj" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.88</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Granted</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zrGz8tBryzMd" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableGranted_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zM2IZo80hOkf" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1623">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zl0L9wo5iQx9" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1625">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Forfeited</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeitures_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zetOrTAzeJdj" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1627">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableForfeitures_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zb4YPvqNm5t5" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1629">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zlPW9Sh3Csge" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1631">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zQHB2lAek1B6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Warrants, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1633">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableExercised_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z9i0E1pxlS9b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1635">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z3r1GSvv4qH" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1637">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zk33P25pxALl" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants Outstanding, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,917,250</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_985_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableOutstandingNumber_iS_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z0oKvgUqPhsj" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">222,931</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z4Zp0UWdIw0k" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230.00</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_986_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm_dtY_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zdiTOCXtdUAi" style="text-align: right" title="Average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.88</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Granted</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zBwR4ikCadTd" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1647">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableGranted_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zfTDsB6adtJ2" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1649">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z2yJdCGi5fPg" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1651">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Forfeited</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeitures_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zYMrlppXqxwc" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1653">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableForfeitures_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zZ3LTXM0buOa" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1655">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zHpYgrksgFZ5" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1657">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zTgqQT3WXO13" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Warrants, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1659">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableExercised_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zJXlAv0FrQ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1661">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zFNQfFlBxso7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1663">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30, 2026 (unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iE_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zvU4sijW4FZg" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants Outstanding, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,917,250</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableOutstandingNumber_iE_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z0sVUlJc8loh" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">222,931</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zfbvQNWhlN98" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230.00</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm_dtY_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zG4B7Rf6Yen1" style="text-align: right" title="Average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.38</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AF_zZbUntrIqzQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Issuance of ordinary shares in exchange for crypto assets</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On April 24, 2026, the Company entered into a Simple Agreement for Future Tokens (“SAFT”) with QB Limited, an unaffiliated third party in Hong Kong for the pre-sale of QB Utility Tokens (the “Token”). Under the SAFT, the Company has committed to purchase an aggregate of 16 million Tokens in two tranches: (i) 1 million Tokens for $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_c20260424__20260424__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--IssuanceOfOrdinarySharesInExchangeForCryptoAssetsMember__us-gaap--VestingAxis__us-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember_zKaWFbyUd2El" title="Payment to purchase of ordinary shares">250,000</span>; and (ii) within three (3) months thereafter, 15 million Tokens for <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20260424__20260424__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--IssuanceOfOrdinarySharesInExchangeForCryptoAssetsMember__us-gaap--VestingAxis__us-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember_zIsRJHrbPVK9" title="Number of ordinary shares">500,000</span> ordinary shares for which EUDA has agreed to file a resale registration statement within 90 days thereafter. QB Limited is obligated to issue the first tranche of Tokens upon the Company providing a designated network address for the allocation of such Tokens. The 16 million QB Utility Tokens were delivered to EUDA on 19 May 2026, and the <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--SharesIssued_iI_c20260519__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--IssuanceOfOrdinarySharesInExchangeForCryptoAssetsMember_zoIx1oqRSugb" title="Ordinary shares">500,000</span> EUDA shares were issued to QB Limited’s nominees on the same day.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span style="text-decoration: underline">Forfeiture and Cancellation of Shares</span></i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On March 21, 2026, the Company forfeited and cancelled <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_c20260321__20260321_z6SC5baXaTw3">40,000</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary shares (previously held by Alto Opportunity Master Fund, SPC – Segregated Master Portfolio B). The shares were subject to a notice of call issued by the Company on March 5, 2026. As the required payment was not made by the specified deadline, the shares were forfeited and cancelled in accordance with the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Association and applicable provisions of the BVI Business Companies Act.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></p> 0 Holders of the Company’s ordinary shares are entitled to one vote for each ordinary share. 1:20 reverse stock split 1:20 reverse stock split 625000 6.00 3750000 8333 212484 3753 95700 2683 68403 25.50 180000 712254 731373 0.08 911373 889000 35000 <p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfIssuanceOfSharesUponConversionOfNotesAndSettlementOfDebtsTableTextBlock_zl2eXxQmljof" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following tables summarize the issuance of shares upon conversion of notes and settlement of debts discussed above:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8BE_zVKP2JJknyXh" style="display: none">Schedule of issuance of shares upon conversion of notes and settlement of debts</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--ExecutiveSettlementAgreementMember_zUSE0lAKZO1f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Executive<br/> Settlement</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Agreement</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--EightiEPLSettlementMember_z72xv2qnnwag" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>8iEPL</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Settlement</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Agreement</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630_zJUyFAS7azG3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--RestrictedOrdinarySharesIssuedForSettlements_zsoEt4UtoZ7e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted Ordinary shares issued for settlements</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,769</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">35,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">49,769</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--SharePriceAsOfSettlementDate_zM07SI6HBhwk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Share price as of settlement date</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25.50</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">38.20</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DebtConversionConvertedInstrumentAmount1_z2Ny8kmLPI55" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair value of settlement shares</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">376,587</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,337,000</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,713,587</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ExtinguishmentOfDebtAmount_iN_di_zzYf93HJIFxh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Debt settled on May 16, 2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(376,587</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(889,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,265,587</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--GainsLossesOnExtinguishmentOfDebt_iN_di_zzWnPyzyFGXh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss on Debt Settlements</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1582">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">448,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">448,000</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 14769 35000 49769 25.50 38.20 376587 1337000 1713587 376587 889000 1265587 -448000 -448000 167 1000000 32555 8917250 8625000 292250 P5Y 8625000 292250 0.025 230.00 0.01 330.00 <p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_ziXF2WvFvEDf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The summary of warrants activity is as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B9_z99OUbreWpbl" style="display: none">Schedule of warrant activities</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants <br/>Outstanding</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ordinary <br/>Shares Issuable</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted <br/>Average <br/>Exercise <br/>Price</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average <br/>Remaining <br/>Contractual <br/>Life</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2024</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zPqmIRptd20j" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Warrants Outstanding, Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,917,250</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableOutstandingNumber_iS_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zzX6UtXRADO7" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">222,931</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z3NhHzRp7phh" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230.00</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm_dtY_c20240101__20241231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zm3l5ted6JUj" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.88</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Granted</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zrGz8tBryzMd" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableGranted_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zM2IZo80hOkf" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1623">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zl0L9wo5iQx9" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1625">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Forfeited</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeitures_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zetOrTAzeJdj" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1627">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableForfeitures_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zb4YPvqNm5t5" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1629">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zlPW9Sh3Csge" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1631">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zQHB2lAek1B6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Warrants, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1633">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableExercised_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z9i0E1pxlS9b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1635">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z3r1GSvv4qH" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1637">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zk33P25pxALl" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants Outstanding, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,917,250</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_985_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableOutstandingNumber_iS_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z0oKvgUqPhsj" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">222,931</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z4Zp0UWdIw0k" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230.00</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_986_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm_dtY_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zdiTOCXtdUAi" style="text-align: right" title="Average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.88</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Granted</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGranted_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zBwR4ikCadTd" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1647">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableGranted_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zfTDsB6adtJ2" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1649">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z2yJdCGi5fPg" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1651">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Forfeited</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeitures_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zYMrlppXqxwc" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1653">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableForfeitures_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zZ3LTXM0buOa" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1655">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zHpYgrksgFZ5" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1657">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercised_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zTgqQT3WXO13" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Warrants, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1659">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableExercised_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zJXlAv0FrQ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1661">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zFNQfFlBxso7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1663">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30, 2026 (unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingNumber_iE_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zvU4sijW4FZg" style="text-align: right" title="Warrants Outstanding, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,917,250</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOrdinarySharesIssuableOutstandingNumber_iE_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_z0sVUlJc8loh" style="text-align: right" title="Ordinary Shares Issuable, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">222,931</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zfbvQNWhlN98" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending balance"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230.00</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm_dtY_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zG4B7Rf6Yen1" style="text-align: right" title="Average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.38</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 8917250 222931 230.00 P2Y10M17D 8917250 222931 230.00 P1Y10M17D 8917250 222931 230.00 P1Y4M17D 250000 500000 500000 40000 <p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_z5EVa5pVNra2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 15 – <span id="xdx_82A_zHX0kcNuHtQ">Income taxes</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Singapore</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While the Company consolidates its entities under EUDA, a British Virgin Islands entity as described in Note 1, Organization, management has determined that Singapore represents the Company’s primary tax jurisdiction due to the location of its principal operations.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accordingly, the statutory income tax rate in Singapore of 17.0% has been used as the domestic statutory tax rate for purposes of the rate reconciliation. The difference between the Company’s domestic statutory income tax rate and its income tax (expense) benefit is primarily attributable to the effect of tax rates in other jurisdictions in which the Company operates, as well as certain non-taxable income and non-deductible expenses.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in Singapore are subject to Singapore income tax on taxable income as reported in their statutory financial statements, as adjusted in accordance with applicable Singapore tax laws. Under <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExaminationDescription_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zxnGfhyKYfXk" title="Income tax description">the partial tax exemption regime, <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zxdQ4e6UxqZa" title="Foreign income tax rate">75</span>% of the first approximately $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--SeventyFivePercentageMember_z3eOYnjXPsQh" title="Taxable income">8,000</span> (SGD <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_uSGD_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--SeventyFivePercentageMember_zhIHA3EEmvGi" title="Taxable income">10,000</span>) of chargeable income and 50% of the next approximately $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--FiftyPercentageMember_zPvRYNgxSOCi" title="Taxable income">144,000</span> (SGD <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_uSGD_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--FiftyPercentageMember_zZZX0DcgeBPc" title="Taxable income">190,000</span>) of chargeable income are exempt from income tax</span>.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>British Virgin Islands</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">KRHL and SGGL are incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and are not subject to tax on income or capital gains under current British Virgin Islands law. In addition, upon payments of dividends by these entities to their shareholders, no British Virgin Islands withholding tax will be imposed.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Malaysia</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s subsidiary incorporated in Malaysia is governed by the income tax laws of Malaysia and the income tax provision in respect of operations in Malaysia is calculated at the applicable tax rates on the taxable income for the periods based upon existing legislation, interpretations and practices in respect thereof. Under the Income Tax Act of Malaysia, enterprises that have been incorporated in Malaysia are usually subject to a unified <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20250101__20251231__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_z4WVentNFdXh" title="Foreign income tax rate">24</span>% enterprise income tax rate while preferential tax rates, tax holidays and even tax exemption may be granted on case-by-case basis.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> </i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Hong Kong</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong, are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on the taxable income as reported in its statutory financial statements adjusted in accordance with relevant Hong Kong tax laws. Under the two-tiered profits tax rates regime, the first <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInEnactedTaxRate_uHKD_c20260101__20260630_z1f2VZrzqNN6" title="Profits tax rates value">2,000,000</span> Hong Kong Dollar (“HKD”) of profits of the qualifying group entity will be taxed at <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInEnactedTaxRate_dp_c20260101__20260630_z26K3Cn0VOs3" title="Percentage of profits tax rates">8.25</span>%, and profits above HKD<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome_uHKD_c20260101__20260630_zpfbqQDUhAv" title="Income tax profits above value">2,000,000</span> will be taxed at <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxExemptIncome_dp_c20260101__20260630_z5qfo918vJ63" title="Income tax profits above value">16.5</span>%.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>People’s Republic of China (“PRC”)</i></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC are subject to PRC Enterprise Income Tax at a unified tax rate of <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20260101__20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--PRCMember_zE0QAACncBof" title="Foreign income tax rate">25</span>% on their taxable income, as determined in accordance with relevant PRC tax laws and regulations. Preferential tax rates or exemptions may be available to certain qualified entities, subject to approval by local tax authorities.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_zSNnRFCmXSX7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loss before income taxes were comprised of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B3_zgQOZVzRoObe" style="display: none">Schedule of loss before income taxes</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260101__20260630_zwFG9bFJ7dRc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20250101__20250630_z5qUDzuZa0h7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zKHLx9wxxDka" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Domestic (Singapore)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(363,774</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">54,675</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_hus-gaap--IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis__us-gaap--ForeignCountryMember_zrvP8Fk4n308" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(488,642</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,260,645</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_zLHcfG2rQZb6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total loss before income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(852,416</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,205,970</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A5_zesIO0ukeeck" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zvGol4YBug9e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B9_zN30ZgwYcuf9" style="display: none">Schedule of provision for income taxes</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260101__20260630_zeIeWaOilxzb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Six</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20250101__20250630_zZCHQfcvtLB7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_maCITEBz0HI_zf9REVizUzCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Domestic (Singapore)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,580</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,727</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_maCITEBz0HI_zx5syQ8mSd1e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1722">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iT_mtCITEBz0HI_maITEBzwRD_z8IBG7oUGrG4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total Current</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,580</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,727</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_maDITEBzVPO_zzy3pIF2rdea" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Domestic (Singapore)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1728">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1729">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_maDITEBzVPO_zbLhPZQK76U3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(59,046</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(18,001</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iT_mtDITEBzVPO_maITEBzwRD_zL4aqPmvqZZa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total Deferred</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(59,046</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(18,001</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iT_mtITEBzwRD_zqA4ggEgNHod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income taxes benefit</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(55,466</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4,274</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A5_zApVqPrJqgTh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zKPWz3ctLcnh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth the significant components of the aggregate deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company as of:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8BC_z6xnWTSGsVei" style="display: none">Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260630_zRv0YVONgbWf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30,</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20251231_zOj3IAvxKVpk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred Tax Assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_iI_maDTANzLjk_zhVSmEC1sPhl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Valuation allowance for credit losses</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">434</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">437</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_maDTANzLjk_zEwlNO5LagT2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net operating loss carry forwards</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">873,627</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">820,114</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsLeaseLiabilityNet_iI_maDTANzLjk_zyEtb1R4oX31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lease liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">59,969</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,002</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_di_msDTANzLjk_z7dmwJxy2AF1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: valuation allowance<span id="xdx_F48_zOSMUDE0lUG9">*</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(875,138</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(821,521</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsNet_iTI_mtDTANzLjk_maDTALNz35k_zRqtkNSIjZEf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total deferred tax assets, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,892</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20,032</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred Tax Liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesRightOfUseAssets_iNI_di_maDITLz57F_zAHmRBXMpM0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Right of use assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(58,892</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(20,032</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesAmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_iI_msDITLz57F_zwJ4Pfxyfoy" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization of intangible assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(22,032</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(81,079</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities_iNTI_di_mtDITLz57F_msDTALNz35k_zJZneQU5wc4g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total deferred tax liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(80,924</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(101,111</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilities_iTI_mtDTALNz35k_zMpKrqmSueK3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred tax liabilities, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(22,032</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(81,079</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F01_zPPBEUJopKNf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1A_ze0TQZbwoiBc" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The valuation allowance on all deferred tax assets increased by $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGRlZmVycmVkIHRheCBhc3NldHMgYW5kIGxpYWJpbGl0aWVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_c20260101__20260630_zpdXDNqpy685" title="Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets">53,617</span> from December 31, 2025 to June 30, 2026.</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AA_zMLurGc1YZFg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had net operating losses carry forward (including temporary taxable difference of bad debt expense) of approximately $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn5n6_c20260630_zu0C4Iashbzj" title="Operating losses carry forward">4.0</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn5n6_c20251231_z7VhKAKDZMe3" title="Operating losses carry forward">3.6</span> million, respectively, from the Company’s Singapore and Malaysia subsidiaries. The net operating losses from the Singapore subsidiaries can be carried forward indefinitely, while the net operating losses from the Malaysia subsidiary can be carried forward of ten years. Due to the limited operating history of certain Singapore and Malaysia subsidiaries, the Company is uncertain when these net operating losses can be utilized. As a result, the Company provided a 100% allowance on deferred tax assets on net operating losses (including temporary taxable difference of bad debt expense) of approximately $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn5n6_c20260630__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__custom--MalaysiaSubsidiariesMember_zFsNgvx09sU2" title="Allowance on deferred tax assets on operating losses">0.9</span> million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_pn5n6_c20251231__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__custom--MalaysiaSubsidiariesMember_zfEnEkKMFWqg" title="Allowance on deferred tax assets on operating losses">0.8</span> million related to Singapore and Malaysia subsidiaries as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Income taxes paid</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfIncomeTaxNetOfRefundsTableTextBlock_zvvdJcCqXPU8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table presents income taxes paid, net of refunds, disaggregated by jurisdiction for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B1_zvazWY8H0kp2" style="display: none">Schedule of income taxes paid, net of refunds</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20260101__20260630_zH6BqUkGsY44" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20250101__20250630_z5sF78ONdwge" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPaidFederalBeforeRefundReceived_maITPNzzGm_zonukNWnS3Wc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Singapore</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32,418</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,943</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPaidForeignBeforeRefundReceived_maITPNzzGm_zfKiQEohJLu6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1785">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1786">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxesPaidNet_iT_mtITPNzzGm_z2uAbCgczoF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total tax provision</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32,418</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,943</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A7_zKPEOlcmRjbk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Uncertain tax positions</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company evaluates each uncertain tax position (including the potential application of interest and penalties) based on the technical merits, and measure the unrecognized benefits associated with the tax positions. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions. The Company did not incur interest and penalties tax for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfTaxesPayableTableTextBlock_zJZK0dlnQdgc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Taxes payable consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B3_zUAO3OYxLmT1" style="display: none">Schedule of taxes payable</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20260630_z8RChpFS5iU2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30,</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20251231_zACQaVrITHU1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--AccruedGSTTaxesPayableCurrent_iI_maTPCzp1w_z54icX5QQ63i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">GST taxes payable</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,400</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75,299</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent_iI_maTPCzp1w_ze32vIiA6Yva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income taxes payable</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,324</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">10,222</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--TaxesPayableCurrent_iTI_mtTPCzp1w_zttRYGXFAFi7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Totals</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">101,724</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">85,521</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> the partial tax exemption regime, 75% of the first approximately $8,000 (SGD 10,000) of chargeable income and 50% of the next approximately $144,000 (SGD 190,000) of chargeable income are exempt from income tax 0.75 8000 10000 144000 190000 0.24 2000000 0.0825 2000000 0.165 0.25 <p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock_zSNnRFCmXSX7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loss before income taxes were comprised of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B3_zgQOZVzRoObe" style="display: none">Schedule of loss before income taxes</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260101__20260630_zwFG9bFJ7dRc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20250101__20250630_z5qUDzuZa0h7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zKHLx9wxxDka" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Domestic (Singapore)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(363,774</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">54,675</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_hus-gaap--IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis__us-gaap--ForeignCountryMember_zrvP8Fk4n308" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(488,642</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,260,645</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_zLHcfG2rQZb6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total loss before income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(852,416</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,205,970</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> -363774 54675 -488642 -1260645 -852416 -1205970 <p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_zvGol4YBug9e" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B9_zN30ZgwYcuf9" style="display: none">Schedule of provision for income taxes</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260101__20260630_zeIeWaOilxzb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the Six</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20250101__20250630_zZCHQfcvtLB7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_maCITEBz0HI_zf9REVizUzCl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Domestic (Singapore)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,580</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,727</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_maCITEBz0HI_zx5syQ8mSd1e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1722">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iT_mtCITEBz0HI_maITEBzwRD_z8IBG7oUGrG4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total Current</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,580</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,727</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_maDITEBzVPO_zzy3pIF2rdea" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Domestic (Singapore)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1728">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1729">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_maDITEBzVPO_zbLhPZQK76U3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(59,046</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(18,001</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iT_mtDITEBzVPO_maITEBzwRD_zL4aqPmvqZZa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total Deferred</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(59,046</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(18,001</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iT_mtITEBzwRD_zqA4ggEgNHod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income taxes benefit</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(55,466</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4,274</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> 3580 13727 3580 13727 -59046 -18001 -59046 -18001 -55466 -4274 <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_zKPWz3ctLcnh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth the significant components of the aggregate deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company as of:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8BC_z6xnWTSGsVei" style="display: none">Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260630_zRv0YVONgbWf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30,</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20251231_zOj3IAvxKVpk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred Tax Assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_iI_maDTANzLjk_zhVSmEC1sPhl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Valuation allowance for credit losses</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">434</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">437</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_iI_maDTANzLjk_zEwlNO5LagT2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net operating loss carry forwards</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">873,627</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">820,114</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsLeaseLiabilityNet_iI_maDTANzLjk_zyEtb1R4oX31" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lease liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">59,969</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,002</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_iNI_di_msDTANzLjk_z7dmwJxy2AF1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: valuation allowance<span id="xdx_F48_zOSMUDE0lUG9">*</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(875,138</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(821,521</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--DeferredTaxAssetsNet_iTI_mtDTANzLjk_maDTALNz35k_zRqtkNSIjZEf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total deferred tax assets, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,892</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20,032</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred Tax Liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--DeferredTaxLiabilitiesRightOfUseAssets_iNI_di_maDITLz57F_zAHmRBXMpM0i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Right of use assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(58,892</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(20,032</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesAmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_iI_msDITLz57F_zwJ4Pfxyfoy" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization of intangible assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(22,032</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(81,079</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities_iNTI_di_mtDITLz57F_msDTALNz35k_zJZneQU5wc4g" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total deferred tax liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(80,924</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(101,111</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilities_iTI_mtDTALNz35k_zMpKrqmSueK3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred tax liabilities, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(22,032</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(81,079</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_F01_zPPBEUJopKNf" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1A_ze0TQZbwoiBc" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The valuation allowance on all deferred tax assets increased by $<span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIGRlZmVycmVkIHRheCBhc3NldHMgYW5kIGxpYWJpbGl0aWVzIChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_c20260101__20260630_zpdXDNqpy685" title="Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets">53,617</span> from December 31, 2025 to June 30, 2026.</span></td></tr> </table> 434 437 873627 820114 59969 21002 875138 821521 58892 20032 58892 20032 -22032 -81079 80924 101111 -22032 -81079 53617 4000000.0 3600000 900000 800000 <p id="xdx_898_ecustom--ScheduleOfIncomeTaxNetOfRefundsTableTextBlock_zvvdJcCqXPU8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table presents income taxes paid, net of refunds, disaggregated by jurisdiction for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B1_zvazWY8H0kp2" style="display: none">Schedule of income taxes paid, net of refunds</span></span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20260101__20260630_zH6BqUkGsY44" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20250101__20250630_z5sF78ONdwge" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>For the</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Six Months</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPaidFederalBeforeRefundReceived_maITPNzzGm_zonukNWnS3Wc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Singapore</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32,418</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,943</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxPaidForeignBeforeRefundReceived_maITPNzzGm_zfKiQEohJLu6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1785">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1786">-</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxesPaidNet_iT_mtITPNzzGm_z2uAbCgczoF6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total tax provision</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32,418</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,943</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 32418 28943 32418 28943 <p id="xdx_895_ecustom--ScheduleOfTaxesPayableTableTextBlock_zJZK0dlnQdgc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Taxes payable consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <span id="xdx_8B3_zUAO3OYxLmT1" style="display: none">Schedule of taxes payable</span></span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20260630_z8RChpFS5iU2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30,</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20251231_zACQaVrITHU1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--AccruedGSTTaxesPayableCurrent_iI_maTPCzp1w_z54icX5QQ63i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">GST taxes payable</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,400</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75,299</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent_iI_maTPCzp1w_ze32vIiA6Yva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income taxes payable</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,324</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">10,222</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--TaxesPayableCurrent_iTI_mtTPCzp1w_zttRYGXFAFi7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Totals</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">101,724</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">85,521</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 88400 75299 13324 10222 101724 85521 <p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskDisclosureTextBlock_zT7ZRTG1Eic9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 16 – <span id="xdx_828_zVOXj3E8TK2f">Concentrations risks</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a) Major customers</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the six months ended June 30, 2026, one customer accounted for <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--SalesRevenueNetMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--OneCustomerMember_zElcRfUVsV37" title="Concentration risk percentage">13.8</span>% of the Company’s total revenues.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the six months ended June 30, 2025, no customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026, two customers accounted for <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--OneCustomerMember_zZjW7O2q3dFf" title="Concentration risk percentage">43.1</span>% and <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--TwoCustomerMember_zPeute2zugO3" title="Concentration risk percentage">29.1</span>% of the Company’s total balance of accounts receivable, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, two customers accounted for <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--OneCustomerMember_zflWxyKZRsw1" title="Concentration risk percentage">20.0</span>% and <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--TwoCustomerMember_zJQIwp96LLz9" title="Concentration risk percentage">17.0</span>% of the Company’s total balance of accounts receivable, respectively.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b) Major vendors</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, no vendor accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total purchases.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026, two vendors accounted for <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--OneVendorMember_zH8BXTHQJWd2" title="Concentration risk percentage">68.2</span>% and <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20260101__20260630__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--TwoVendorMember_zfTjwa62peG4" title="Concentration risk percentage">31.8</span>% of the Company’s total balance of accounts payable. As of December 31, 2025, two vendors accounted for <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--OneVendorMember_ziQcI313E6qc" title="Concentration risk percentage">80.4</span>% and <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_pid_dp_c20250101__20251231__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis__us-gaap--AccountsReceivableMember__us-gaap--ConcentrationRiskByTypeAxis__us-gaap--CustomerConcentrationRiskMember__srt--MajorCustomersAxis__custom--TwoVendorMember_zUTDIYgICYh5" title="Concentration risk percentage">19.6</span>% of the Company’s total balance of accounts payable.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c) Credit risk</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. The Singapore Deposit Insurance Corporation Limited (SDIC) insures deposits in a Deposit Insurance (DI) Scheme member bank or finance company up to approximately $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--Deposits_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ManagingRisksInherentInServicingAssetsAndServicingLiabilitiesByTypeOfRiskAxis__us-gaap--CreditRiskMember_zFPBASbRqAu2" title="Deposits">77,000</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(SGD <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--Deposits_iI_uSGD_c20260630__us-gaap--ManagingRisksInherentInServicingAssetsAndServicingLiabilitiesByTypeOfRiskAxis__us-gaap--CreditRiskMember_zg0wukN2gDyi" title="Deposits">100,000</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">) per account. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had cash balance of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zOpJlUqnV366" title="Cash balance">203,312</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20251231__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zO1Z65zD6Fq8" title="Cash balance">204,194</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">was maintained at DI Scheme banks in Singapore, of which $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ManagingRisksInherentInServicingAssetsAndServicingLiabilitiesByTypeOfRiskAxis__us-gaap--CreditRiskMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zarpe3Mmm8Tg" title="Cash balance">79,019</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20251231__us-gaap--ManagingRisksInherentInServicingAssetsAndServicingLiabilitiesByTypeOfRiskAxis__us-gaap--CreditRiskMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zVdhQfqIxpl" title="Cash balance">0</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">was subject to credit risk, respectively. The United States’ Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) standard insurance amount is up to $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashFDICInsuredAmount_iI_c20260630_zRbqfGcOgzsh" title="Cash FDIC">250,000</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">per depositor per insured bank. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had cash balance of $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zRKp97WawKBa" title="Cash balance">108,987</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20251231__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zJeIx4SZYwud" title="Cash balance">42,195</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">was maintained at banks in the United States, of which none was subject to credit risk. The Malaysia deposit insurance corporation (PIDM) standard insurance amount is up to approximately $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--Deposits_iI_c20260630__us-gaap--ManagingRisksInherentInServicingAssetsAndServicingLiabilitiesByTypeOfRiskAxis__us-gaap--CreditRiskMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_zczhCBAuaoMb" title="Deposits">61,000</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(MYR <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--Deposits_iI_uMYR_c20260630__us-gaap--ManagingRisksInherentInServicingAssetsAndServicingLiabilitiesByTypeOfRiskAxis__us-gaap--CreditRiskMember__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_zqD2oS0VTf0d" title="Deposits">250,000</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">) per depositor per insured bank. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had cash balance of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20260630__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_zNXEJO9laDfg" title="Cash balance">51,190</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_c20251231__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_zIzM3C5lX1t2" title="Cash balance">98,509</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">was maintained at banks in Malaysia, of which none was subject to credit risk. While management believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality, it also continually monitors their credit worthiness.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company is also exposed to risk from accounts receivable and other receivables. These assets are subjected to credit evaluations. An allowance has been made for estimated unrecoverable amounts which have been determined by reference to past default experience and the current economic environment.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 0.138 0.431 0.291 0.200 0.170 0.682 0.318 0.804 0.196 77000 100000 203312 204194 79019 0 250000 108987 42195 61000 250000 51190 98509 <p id="xdx_80F_ecustom--LeaseDisclosureTextBlock_zbAGsVv2DmZ" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 17 – <span id="xdx_82D_zeGYEi9smwvf">Leases</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company has leased three offices, which were classified as operating leases. In addition, the Company had two office equipment leases which were classified as finance leases.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company occupies various offices pursuant to operating lease agreements with a term shorter than twelve months which it elected not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities under ASC 842. Instead, the Company recognized the lease payments in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease payments in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company recognized lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term for operating lease. Meanwhile, the Company recognized the finance leases ROU assets and interest on an amortized cost basis. The amortization of finance ROU assets is recognized on an accretion basis as amortization expense, while the lease liability is increased to reflect interest on the liability and decreased to reflect the lease payments made during the period.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The ROU assets and lease liabilities are determined based on the present value of the future minimum rental payments of the lease as of the adoption date, using weighted average interest rate of <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageInterestRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20250630_ziaVuGjfOcb9" title="Weighted average interest rate operating lease">5.03</span>% and <span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageInterestRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20250630_zktlBNXFxwMa" title="Weighted average interest rate finance lease">5.25</span>% for operating lease and finance lease, respectively. The interest rate was determined using incremental borrowing rate with similar term in Singapore and Malaysia.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zt8bwk8HPBN" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating and finance lease expenses consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_ztLaAK9Co2Ak">Schedule of operating and finance lease expenses</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630_zIdX5a6QDvk9" style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td id="xdx_495_20250101__20250630_zNdc5knFLvu5" style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Classification</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease cost</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseExpense_zNKvomCPGJW2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lease expenses</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">General and administrative</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">72,065</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">96,280</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance lease cost</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--FinanceLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAmortization_z6fOQ76eJCXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization of leased asset</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">General and administrative</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,255</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,623</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseInterestExpense_zOHo1Vt4lH81" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest on lease liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other expense -Interest expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">895</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,265</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_zkkOVl2DsF7k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total lease expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">76,215</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">101,168</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AA_zKfmj7ZBBWo6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock_zpl6mcrH5B94" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average remaining term and discount rate related to leases were as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zjRJw99B1PZc">Schedule of weighted average remaining term and discount rate</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average remaining term</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20260630_ziJ6JsjODPU6" title="Operating lease, weighted-average remaining term">1.7</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20251231_zbmbL9NmfKOa" title="Operating lease, weighted-average remaining term">1.2</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance leases</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20260630_znp3JYahwjW9" title="Finance leases, weighted-average remaining term">4.9</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20251231_z5b3ptAJurwc" title="Finance leases, weighted-average remaining term">2.4</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average discount rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20260630_zS1BUsfUL775" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.03</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20251231_zwU0BqU4kgBk" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.54</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance leases</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20260630_zLP5OVaVvANe" style="text-align: right" title="Finance leases, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.25</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20251231_zwRx8nGQKEU4" style="text-align: right" title="Finance leases, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9.60</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A4_zWJRFIg9HcBk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsTableTextBlock_z7xbKGy27dGc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth the Company’s minimum lease payments in future periods as of June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zxhc4Z3pBFJ7">Schedule of future minimum lease payments</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">lease</span></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">lease</span></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">payments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">payments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2027</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_zhrP6vwcPPV7" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2027"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">210,756</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_zXZ1mc0W5OO3" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2027"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_c20250630_zJSdhpykZNIa" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Total 2027"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">218,877</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_z2tCsLZtp8Nf" style="text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2028"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">93,096</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_ztcdMl53rWn7" style="text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2028"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_985_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_c20250630_zs3JEdV0AzVa" style="text-align: right" title="Total 2028"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">101,217</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_iI_c20250630_zZxz4j6mkHvh" style="text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2029"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1900">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_iI_c20250630_zJbBNsTLktfe" style="text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2029"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_iI_c20250630_z1bexBrC7uQe" style="text-align: right" title="Total 2029"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2030</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_iI_c20250630_zb2LgYAYu3Ti" style="text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2030"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1906">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_iI_c20250630_zC7n1uTO8GA2" style="text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2030"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_iI_c20250630_zMDhqrukYsrl" style="text-align: right" title="Total 2030"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2031</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_iI_c20250630_z1cKBBKlaa4b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2031"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1912">-</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_iI_c20250630_zVgOvdBflZxg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2031"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,493</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_iI_c20250630_zj362p3rVhxd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total 2031"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,493</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iI_c20250630_zwkx1cs5mif" style="text-align: right" title="Total Operating lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">303,852</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iI_c20250630_zZhVq9NOseRb" style="text-align: right" title="Total Finance lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,977</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iI_c20250630_zgxxRbEdIbc7" style="text-align: right" title="Total lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">350,829</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: discount</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pid_di_c20250630_zkZTgtLWgqwk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total Operating lease payments, discount"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(11,920</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_di_c20250630_zALCFiC3o2Ek" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total Finance lease payments, discount"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6,270</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_di_c20250630_zNylEp7qtz5f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total lease payments, discount"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(18,190</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Present value of lease liabilities</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_c20250630_zjlJRBZ3a2ei" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Present value of lease liabilities, operating lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">291,932</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiability_iI_c20250630_zfBsd8NX0UV7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Present value of lease liabilities, finance lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,707</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--LeaseLiability_iI_c20250630_zEa8eIb59Ne6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Present value of lease liabilities, total"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">332,639</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A4_zbo6hGLA12q4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> 0.0503 0.0525 <p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zt8bwk8HPBN" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating and finance lease expenses consist of the following:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_ztLaAK9Co2Ak">Schedule of operating and finance lease expenses</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td id="xdx_49B_20260101__20260630_zIdX5a6QDvk9" style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td id="xdx_495_20250101__20250630_zNdc5knFLvu5" style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Classification</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease cost</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseExpense_zNKvomCPGJW2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lease expenses</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 29%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">General and administrative</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">72,065</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">96,280</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance lease cost</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40D_ecustom--FinanceLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAmortization_z6fOQ76eJCXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization of leased asset</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">General and administrative</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,255</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,623</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseInterestExpense_zOHo1Vt4lH81" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest on lease liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other expense -Interest expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">895</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,265</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_zkkOVl2DsF7k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total lease expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">76,215</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">101,168</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 72065 96280 3255 3623 895 1265 76215 101168 <p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock_zpl6mcrH5B94" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average remaining term and discount rate related to leases were as follows:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zjRJw99B1PZc">Schedule of weighted average remaining term and discount rate</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>June 30, 2026</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>As of</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>December 31, 2025</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average remaining term</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20260630_ziJ6JsjODPU6" title="Operating lease, weighted-average remaining term">1.7</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20251231_zbmbL9NmfKOa" title="Operating lease, weighted-average remaining term">1.2</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance leases</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20260630_znp3JYahwjW9" title="Finance leases, weighted-average remaining term">4.9</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20251231_z5b3ptAJurwc" title="Finance leases, weighted-average remaining term">2.4</span> years</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average discount rate</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20260630_zS1BUsfUL775" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.03</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20251231_zwU0BqU4kgBk" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.54</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance leases</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20260630_zLP5OVaVvANe" style="text-align: right" title="Finance leases, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5.25</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_dp_c20251231_zwRx8nGQKEU4" style="text-align: right" title="Finance leases, weighted-average discount rate"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9.60</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</span></td></tr> </table> P1Y8M12D P1Y2M12D P4Y10M24D P2Y4M24D 0.0503 0.0554 0.0525 0.0960 <p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsTableTextBlock_z7xbKGy27dGc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following table sets forth the Company’s minimum lease payments in future periods as of June 30, 2026:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zxhc4Z3pBFJ7">Schedule of future minimum lease payments</span></span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">lease</span></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finance</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">lease</span></p></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">payments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">payments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2027</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_zhrP6vwcPPV7" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2027"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">210,756</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_zXZ1mc0W5OO3" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2027"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_c20250630_zJSdhpykZNIa" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Total 2027"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">218,877</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_z2tCsLZtp8Nf" style="text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2028"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">93,096</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_pp0p0_c20250630_ztcdMl53rWn7" style="text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2028"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_985_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_iI_c20250630_zs3JEdV0AzVa" style="text-align: right" title="Total 2028"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">101,217</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_iI_c20250630_zZxz4j6mkHvh" style="text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2029"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1900">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_iI_c20250630_zJbBNsTLktfe" style="text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2029"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_983_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_iI_c20250630_z1bexBrC7uQe" style="text-align: right" title="Total 2029"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2030</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_iI_c20250630_zb2LgYAYu3Ti" style="text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2030"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1906">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_iI_c20250630_zC7n1uTO8GA2" style="text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2030"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_987_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_iI_c20250630_zMDhqrukYsrl" style="text-align: right" title="Total 2030"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,121</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve months ending June 30, 2031</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_iI_c20250630_z1cKBBKlaa4b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Operating lease payments, 2031"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1912">-</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_iI_c20250630_zVgOvdBflZxg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Finance lease payments, 2031"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,493</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_iI_c20250630_zj362p3rVhxd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total 2031"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,493</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iI_c20250630_zwkx1cs5mif" style="text-align: right" title="Total Operating lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">303,852</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iI_c20250630_zZhVq9NOseRb" style="text-align: right" title="Total Finance lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,977</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iI_c20250630_zgxxRbEdIbc7" style="text-align: right" title="Total lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">350,829</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: discount</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pid_di_c20250630_zkZTgtLWgqwk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total Operating lease payments, discount"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(11,920</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_di_c20250630_zALCFiC3o2Ek" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total Finance lease payments, discount"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6,270</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--LeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_di_c20250630_zNylEp7qtz5f" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total lease payments, discount"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(18,190</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Present value of lease liabilities</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_c20250630_zjlJRBZ3a2ei" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Present value of lease liabilities, operating lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">291,932</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--FinanceLeaseLiability_iI_c20250630_zfBsd8NX0UV7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Present value of lease liabilities, finance lease payments"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,707</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--LeaseLiability_iI_c20250630_zEa8eIb59Ne6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right" title="Present value of lease liabilities, total"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">332,639</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 210756 8121 218877 93096 8121 101217 8121 8121 8121 8121 14493 14493 303852 46977 350829 11920 6270 18190 291932 40707 332639 <p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zrgfxHsPiABi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 18 – <span id="xdx_826_zkU1l6cbw6T2">Commitments and contingencies</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Commitments</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On June 23, 2025, the Company entered into an “at-the-market” (“ATM”) offering agreement with Chardan Capital Markets, LLC. On June 22, 2026 the ATM agreement was terminated.</span> No ordinary shares were sold under the ATM agreement.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Contingencies</span></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Legal</i></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From time to time, the Company is party to certain legal proceedings, as well as certain asserted and un-asserted claims. Amounts accrued, as well as the total amount of reasonably possible losses with respect to such matters, individually and in the aggregate, are not deemed to be material to the consolidated financial statements.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 12, 2023, there were disagreements between the directors and formers directors of the Company concerning, among others, the legitimacy of:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The purported appointment of David Capes (“Mr. Capes”) as the Chairman of the Board of in place of Gerald Lim;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">b)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The purported appointment of Leonard Chee Hyong Chia (“Leonard”) to the Board as a replacement director;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">c)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The purported removal of certain individuals as director(s) of the Company by Mr. Capes and Leonard;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">d)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The removal of Mr. Capes as a director of the Company and from all Board committees on which he served on May 11, 2023;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">e)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The dispute by Mr. Capes regarding his removal as a director of the Company;</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">f)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The validity of the purported shareholders’ resolutions of the Company dated May 12, 2023 (the “Resolutions”); and</span></td></tr> <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">g)</span></td> <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The various other issues raised by the Board from time to time.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon consultation with the Company’s external counsel, the Board determined that the Resolutions were <i>prima facie</i> invalid and of no effect from the outset, and could be subject to legal challenges. The Board notes that Mr. Capes and his associates have not furnished any proof sustaining their allegation that the Resolutions were validly passed. The Board notes that Mr. Capes and his associates have not obtained any valid court order on the validity of the Resolutions. As of the date of this report, the Company does not expect the legal challenges among the disagreements between the directors and formers directors of the Company will have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">KRHSG also filed a claim against Mr. Capes and one other defendant as a separate case in July 2023 in connection with unlawfully obstructed access to KRHSG’s client and clinic management systems, disrupting their business and resulting in losses to KRHSG in May 2023. On December 30, 2024, the Company sold <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_c20241230__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--KentRidgeHealthcareSingaporePteLtdMember_zqD8QejQp8Cb" title="Ownership percentage">100</span>% equity interest of KRHSG to a third party and therefore KRHSG is no longer an affiliate of the Company as of December 31, 2025.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On May 10, 2024, EUDA was served with a statutory demand (the “Statutory Demand”) pursuant to section 155(1) of the British Virgin Islands Insolvency Act 2003 by Carey Olsen Singapore LLP (“Carey Olsen”) for payment of an alleged total indebtedness of US$<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfDebt_pp2d_c20240510__20240510_zMWSjJhF30j5">138,202.66</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">in connection with purported legal services rendered between February and August 2023 pursuant to an alleged engagement letter dated February 22, 2023, signed by certain former directors of the Company purportedly acting on behalf of the Company. The Company takes the position that it is not liable to pay the amount demanded by Carey Olsen in the Statutory Demand. On May 24, 2024, the Company filed an originating application (the “Originating Application”) seeking an order to set aside the Statutory Demand, and for Carey Olsen to pay the Company’s costs of the application. The Originating Application was first heard on January 30, 2025, following which it was adjourned to allow Carey Olsen to produce its work product. Following a further hearing of the Originating Application on May 1, 2025, the BVI Court found in favour of the Company, holding that there was a substantial dispute in respect of the Statutory Demand, and ordered the Statutory Demand to be set aside, with costs in favour of the Company.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, except as disclosed above, the Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings, investigation or claims. However, the Company may, from time to time, be involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of its business. While the Company is not presently subject to any material legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that such matters will not arise in the future or that any such matters in which the Company is involved, or which may arise in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, will not at some point proceed to litigation or that such litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> 1 138202.66 <p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zaNzYyQkQA7h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 19 – <span id="xdx_823_zRD2JC3LvgIj">Segments information</span></b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon adoption of the ASU 2023-07 on January 1, 2024, below disclosure and presentation have been retrospectively amended.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company’s operating segments have been identified based on the way management organizes the business by the nature of services provided to customers and how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) manages the business and allocates resources. The CODM for the Company is its Chief Executive Officer. The accounting policies applied to each segment are consistent with those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Intersegment sales and transfers are accounted for as if the transactions were made with third parties, using current market prices.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The CODM evaluates the performance of reportable segments and allocates resources primarily based on segment profit (loss). Segment profit (loss) represents segment revenue less directly attributable and allocated cost of revenue and operating expenses. Segment profit (loss) is the primary measure used by the CODM and is determined in a manner consistent with the measurement principles used in preparing the consolidated financial statements in accordance with ASC 280-10-50-28A. The CODM does not evaluate the performance of segments using asset information. As such, the Company does not allocate assets to its reportable segments.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Segment profit (loss) excludes certain corporate-level expenses and non-operating items that are not allocated to the reportable segments. These items primarily include professional fees, loss on debt settlement, change in fair value of prepaid forward purchase liabilities, loss on settlement of prepaid forward contracts, and other corporate expenses managed on a consolidated basis. Such amounts are presented as reconciling items to consolidated net loss before income taxes. As a result, consolidated net loss before income taxes includes these unallocated corporate-level and non-operating items that are excluded from segment profit (loss), which gives rise to the difference between total segment profit (loss) and consolidated net loss before income taxes.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The CODM uses segment profit (loss) in the annual budgeting and forecasting process to allocate capital, marketing expenditures, and personnel resources among the property management services and holistic wellness consumer products and services. The CODM reviews segment profit (loss) on a regular basis, including comparisons of budgeted results to actual results, to evaluate margin performance, cost efficiency, and profitability trends within each segment. Segment profit (loss) is also used to compare the relative operating performance of the reportable segments in making decisions regarding expansion initiatives, product strategy, sales focus, and operational investments.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company has identified its operating segments based on the internal financial information reviewed by the CODM to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s operating segments are organized primarily based on the nature of products sold and services provided. Based on the aggregation criteria in ASC 280, the Company has determined that it has two reportable segments: property management services and holistic wellness consumer products and services.</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zPrX2Jgo08El" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following tables summarize the Company’s segment information for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b><span id="xdx_8B4_zCS3hxNZ3Fz5" style="display: none">Schedule of segment information</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zGxuN8AHM031" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zJ3DDAc8RPz4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20260101__20260630_zVsn8ESMgp14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">management</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Holistic</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>wellness</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>consumer</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>products and</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_za6fLpJwFNRb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue from external customers</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,255,161</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,212,674</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_zm9V0sUoDyAj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost of revenue</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,881,083</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">304,867</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,185,950</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--SalariesAndWages_zuACvAy8leNc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Salary Expense</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">252,185</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">381,174</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">633,359</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--BadDebtExpense_zZsKgoGgHALl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Bad debt expense</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,780</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1958">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,780</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount_zaJ9pau7Kcwi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other segment items</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">171,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">452,252</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">624,179</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--SegmentProfitLoss_i01T_zY1BDcLHK9Nd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(61,814</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74,381</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,567</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reconciliation of segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: Unallocated amounts</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_zkyOOE8YCR01" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Professional fees</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">866,236</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--OtherCorporateExpenses_z2ZX2wwZcWK9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other corporate income</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,253</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_zInexYwVmJJh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net loss before income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(852,416</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20250101__20250630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z7JsdU64OuS2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20250101__20250630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zhSmlVENGl62" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td> </td> <td id="xdx_49B_20250101__20250630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQw8Eiq3y5z5"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_zTbYbvp95EI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">management</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Holistic</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>wellness</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>consumer</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>products and</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><b>Others</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_zO8KmXvSSPg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue from external customers</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,089,041</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">893,785</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%">$</td> <td style="text-align: right; width: 11%">74,497</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 2%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_zfnxhlArI3Nj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost of revenue</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,622,146</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">599,863</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1988">-</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,222,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--GrossProfit_z8QMgOZawSWe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Segment gross profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">466,895</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">293,922</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right">74,497</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">835,314</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Less:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SalariesAndWages_zpXyZJ5zAz4c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Salary Expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="margin: 0">175,350</p></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="margin: 0">360,719</p></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1998">-</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="margin: 0">536,069</p></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount_ze6qlZj69clk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other segment items</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">143,189</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">363,595</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2003">-</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">506,784</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--SegmentProfitLoss_i01T_z6M0yoUr08h7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">148,356</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(430,392</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right">74,497</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(207,539</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reconciliation of segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: Unallocated amounts</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_zPwH1tXiArPl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Professional fees</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">971,277</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--OtherCorporateExpenses_zsEzNHUSp3rl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other corporate expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,153</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_zTGNGKw7skx5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net loss before income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,205,970</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8A9_zSc151yGKYM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b></span></p> <p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ReconciliationOfOperatingProfitLossFromSegmentsToConsolidatedTextBlock_zxsISDpSKXi7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Other Significant Items:</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zGhD3fOx8kc2" style="display: none">Schedule of other significant items  </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zRWY9CI1D3zi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260101__20260630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zrgit2DsfEQi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20260101__20260630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OthersMember_zLPsudcbfqGl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260101__20260630_zxGwc1fHR068" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Property</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>management</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Holistic</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>wellness</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>consumer</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>products</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>and</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Others</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--InterestExpenseOther_z3VKVleUa0yh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest expense</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">895</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2029">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">57,293</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,188</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_zNzG40SQpQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">338</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31,885</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">81,221</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">113,444</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CapitalExpenditureDiscontinuedOperations_zEw0ZfQx38vh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Capital expenditure</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2038">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">259,135</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2040">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">259,135</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20250101__20250630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z7w9FQVOFHua" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20250101__20250630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zRiuSqN7dMF1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20250101__20250630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UnallocatedMember_zflt3cPD7dMd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_zxWf5YgmIXG3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">management</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">wellness</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">consumer</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">products</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">and</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Unallocated</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--InterestExpenseOther_ze6aJgpR2F9j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest expense</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,570</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,372</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">61,133</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">63,767</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_zKu5XaLExEDc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,170</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,027</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75,004</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,201</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CapitalExpenditureDiscontinuedOperations_zOaLlxj9huWc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Capital expenditure</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,222</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2054">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2055">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,222</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AD_zhlHYwSLWYJd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock_zM7c5LImgR77" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Disaggregated information of revenues by regions are as follows:</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b><span id="xdx_8B3_z4Xib7s49Sy" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of revenues by region</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260101__20260630_za3rxRo41X28" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_zuIKMLwVfuw" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zvlSCyYxEINi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Singapore</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,672,354</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,220,450</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_zFyHy0gw3gy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Malaysia</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">795,481</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">836,873</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_zwrfyPMLV3Eb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p id="xdx_8AF_zA51gDJpcPJj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zPrX2Jgo08El" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The following tables summarize the Company’s segment information for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b><span id="xdx_8B4_zCS3hxNZ3Fz5" style="display: none">Schedule of segment information</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zGxuN8AHM031" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20260101__20260630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zJ3DDAc8RPz4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20260101__20260630_zVsn8ESMgp14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">management</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Holistic</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>wellness</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>consumer</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>products and</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_za6fLpJwFNRb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue from external customers</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,255,161</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,212,674</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_zm9V0sUoDyAj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost of revenue</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,881,083</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">304,867</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,185,950</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--SalariesAndWages_zuACvAy8leNc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Salary Expense</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">252,185</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">381,174</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">633,359</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--BadDebtExpense_zZsKgoGgHALl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Bad debt expense</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,780</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1958">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,780</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount_zaJ9pau7Kcwi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other segment items</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">171,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">452,252</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">624,179</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--SegmentProfitLoss_i01T_zY1BDcLHK9Nd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(61,814</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74,381</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,567</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reconciliation of segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: Unallocated amounts</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_zkyOOE8YCR01" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Professional fees</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">866,236</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_ecustom--OtherCorporateExpenses_z2ZX2wwZcWK9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other corporate income</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,253</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_zInexYwVmJJh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net loss before income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(852,416</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20250101__20250630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z7JsdU64OuS2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20250101__20250630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zhSmlVENGl62" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td> </td> <td id="xdx_49B_20250101__20250630__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--OthersMember_zQw8Eiq3y5z5"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_zTbYbvp95EI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">management</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Holistic</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>wellness</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>consumer</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>products and</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><b>Others</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_zO8KmXvSSPg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue from external customers</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,089,041</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">893,785</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%">$</td> <td style="text-align: right; width: 11%">74,497</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 2%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_zfnxhlArI3Nj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost of revenue</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,622,146</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">599,863</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"> <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1988">-</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,222,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--GrossProfit_z8QMgOZawSWe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Segment gross profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">466,895</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">293,922</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right">74,497</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">835,314</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Less:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SalariesAndWages_zpXyZJ5zAz4c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Salary Expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="margin: 0">175,350</p></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="margin: 0">360,719</p></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1998">-</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><p style="margin: 0">536,069</p></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount_ze6qlZj69clk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other segment items</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">143,189</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">363,595</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2003">-</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">506,784</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--SegmentProfitLoss_i01T_z6M0yoUr08h7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">148,356</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(430,392</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right">74,497</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(207,539</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reconciliation of segment profits (loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less: Unallocated amounts</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--ProfessionalFees_zPwH1tXiArPl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Professional fees</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">971,277</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--OtherCorporateExpenses_zsEzNHUSp3rl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other corporate expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,153</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_zTGNGKw7skx5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net loss before income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,205,970</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr> </table> 2255161 1212674 3467835 1881083 304867 2185950 252185 381174 633359 11780 11780 171927 452252 624179 -61814 74381 12567 866236 -1253 -852416 2089041 893785 74497 3057323 1622146 599863 2222009 466895 293922 74497 835314 175350 360719 536069 143189 363595 506784 148356 -430392 74497 -207539 971277 27153 -1205970 <p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ReconciliationOfOperatingProfitLossFromSegmentsToConsolidatedTextBlock_zxsISDpSKXi7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Other Significant Items:</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zGhD3fOx8kc2" style="display: none">Schedule of other significant items  </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20260101__20260630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_zRWY9CI1D3zi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20260101__20260630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zrgit2DsfEQi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20260101__20260630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OthersMember_zLPsudcbfqGl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20260101__20260630_zxGwc1fHR068" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Property</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>management</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Holistic</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>wellness</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>consumer</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>products</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>and</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>services</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Others</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--InterestExpenseOther_z3VKVleUa0yh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest expense</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">895</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2029">-</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">57,293</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,188</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_zNzG40SQpQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">338</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31,885</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">81,221</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">113,444</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CapitalExpenditureDiscontinuedOperations_zEw0ZfQx38vh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Capital expenditure</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2038">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">259,135</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2040">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">259,135</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20250101__20250630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--PropertyManagementServicesMember_z7w9FQVOFHua" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20250101__20250630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--HolisticWellnessConsumerProductsAndServicesMember_zRiuSqN7dMF1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20250101__20250630__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UnallocatedMember_zflt3cPD7dMd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_zxWf5YgmIXG3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"> </td><td style="display: none; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">management</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Holistic</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">wellness</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">consumer</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">products</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">and</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">services</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Unallocated</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--InterestExpenseOther_ze6aJgpR2F9j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 44%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest expense</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,570</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,372</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">61,133</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">63,767</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_zKu5XaLExEDc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,170</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,027</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75,004</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,201</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CapitalExpenditureDiscontinuedOperations_zOaLlxj9huWc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Capital expenditure</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,222</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2054">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2055">-</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,222</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 895 57293 58188 338 31885 81221 113444 259135 259135 1570 1372 61133 63767 2170 11027 75004 88201 23222 23222 <p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock_zM7c5LImgR77" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Disaggregated information of revenues by regions are as follows:</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b> </b><span id="xdx_8B3_z4Xib7s49Sy" style="display: none">Schedule of disaggregated information of revenues by region</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"> <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="display: none"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20260101__20260630_za3rxRo41X28" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="display: none; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20250101__20250630_zuIKMLwVfuw" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; display: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="display: none; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For the Six Months Ended June 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2026</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--SG_zvlSCyYxEINi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Singapore</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,672,354</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,220,450</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--MY_zFyHy0gw3gy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Malaysia</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">795,481</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">836,873</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_zwrfyPMLV3Eb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,467,835</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,057,323</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> </span></td></tr> </table> 2672354 2220450 795481 836873 3467835 3057323 <p id="xdx_801_eus-gaap--SubsequentEventsTextBlock_zTE9gxop9Bpe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note 20 – <span id="xdx_827_znTKHkQfMT12">Subsequent events</span></b></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Company evaluated all events and transactions that occurred after June 30, 2026 up through the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and concluded that no subsequent events that have occurred would require disclosure in the notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</span></p> Giving retroactive effect to the 1-for-20 reverse stock split effected on March 23, 2026 Giving retroactive effect to the 1-for-20 reverse stock split effected on March 23, 2026 Giving retroactive effect to the 1-for-20 reverse stock split effected on March 23, 2026 These entities were presented as a discontinued operation in accompanying consolidated financial statements. On December 30, 2024, the Company sold 100% equity interest of KRHSG to Merlion Club Limited, an unrelated party, for a consideration of $1. On January 1, 2024, the Company lost control of Euda PL, and its subsidiary ZKTV PL, while they were undergoing liquidation. Accordingly, the Company deconsolidated Euda PL and ZKTV PL from its consolidated financial statements effective as of that date. On January 1, 2024, the Company lost control of SEMA while it was undergoing liquidation. Accordingly, the Company deconsolidated SEMA from its consolidated financial statements effective as of that date. On August 28, 2023, these entities were struck off and dissolved. On February 17, 2025, EHHL and Fortress subscribed for equity interests in CKHP. On April 16, 2025, EHHL made an additional equity subscription in CKHP. As of the date of this report, EHHL and Fortress hold approximately 93% and 7% equity interests in CKHP, respectively. On January 8, 2026, CKHP changed its name to EUDA Health Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. On April 30, 2025, the Company acquired 100% equity interest in Weith from Alfred Lim, an executive director and shareholder of the Company, for nil consideration. As of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, Weith has no substantive operations other than serving as a holding company. On March 15, 2024, loan from 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd and Meng Dong (James) Tan were converted into the Company’s ordinary shares (refer to Note 16). During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into new loan agreements with 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd., borrowing an aggregate amount of $254,892. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company entered into new loan agreements with 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd., borrowing an aggregate amount of $1,325,982. The loans bear interest at a rate of 8% and are scheduled to mature on December 31, 2025. The Company paid off the principal and interest balance in March 2026. Mr. Alfred Lim is Chief Executive Officer, an executive director and shareholder of the Company. Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party who had more than 10% ownership of the Company, is the sole shareholder and director of 8i Enterprises Pte. Ltd. Mr. Tan has sole voting and dispositive power over such shares. As of the date these unaudited condensed financial statements were issued, the Company had initiated the conversion of the notes held by Sarina Binti Md Amin into 33 unregistered ordinary shares, with the settlement of such conversion currently in progress. Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party who had more than 10% ownership of the Company, is the sole shareholder and director of 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd. Mr. Tan has sole voting and dispositive power over the shares. Since May 15, 2023, 8i Enterprises Pte Ltd (“8iEPL”), a company owned by Mr. Tan, has been rendering certain advisory services for the Company. Pursuant to a certain Settlement Agreement between the Company and 8iEPL dated March 15, 2024 (the “8iEPL Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL for a total sum of $180,000 for such advisory services (the “Services Payment”). Between May 15, 2023 and February 28, 2024, the Company has borrowed from 8iEPL an aggregate amount of $712,254, or a total of $731,373 with unpaid and accrued interests at 8% per annum (the “8iEPL Loan”). Pursuant to the 8iEPL Settlement Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay 8iEPL in full satisfaction of both the Services Payment and the 8iEPL Loan in the form a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $911,373 (“8iEPL Convertible Note”). In April 2024, 8iEPL assigned $889,000 of 8iEPL Convertible Note to a third party and it was converted into 35,000 shares of the Company’s ordinary shares. Subsequently, in April 2025, a Convertible Note Extension Agreement was executed to: (i) extend the remaining 8iEPLConvertible Note’s maturity date to December 31, 2025; and (ii) provide that the outstanding unpaid balance will accrue no interest through that date. In March 2026, such balance has been fully repaid in cash by the Company. Mr. Meng Dong (James) Tan, the Company’s related party has more than 10% ownership of the Company. On May 26, 2023, the Company borrowed from Meng Dong (“James”) Tan, a significant shareholder of the Company, an aggregate amount of $22,500, or a total of $24,004 with unpaid and accrued interests at 8% per annum (the “James Tan Loan”). Pursuant to a Settlement Agreement between the Company and Mr. Tan dated March 15, 2024 (the “James Tan Settlement Agreement”), the Company has agreed to issue Mr. Tan a convertible note in the aggregate amount of $24,004 (the “James Tan Convertible Note”) in full satisfaction of the James Tan Loan. Subsequently, in April 2025, a Convertible Note Extension Agreement was executed to: (i) extend the James Tan Convertible Note’s maturity date to December 31, 2025; and (ii) provide that the outstanding unpaid balance will accrue no interest through that date. In March 2026, such balance has been fully repaid in cash by the Company. The balance of accrued expenses represented amount due to third parties service providers which include marketing consulting service, IT related professional service, legal, audit and accounting fees, and other miscellaneous office related expenses. A balance of $ The valuation allowance on all deferred tax assets increased by $53,617 from December 31, 2025 to June 30, 2026.