v3.26.3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Summary of significant accounting policies

2. Summary of significant accounting policies

 

(a) Basis of presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and have been consistently applied. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, and its subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results, and cash flows for the periods presented.

 

(b) Principles of consolidation

 

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All transactions and balances among the Group have been eliminated upon consolidation. All intercompany transactions and balances among the Group have been eliminated upon consolidation.

 

(c) Use of estimates

 

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant accounting estimates include, but not limited to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, impairment of long-term investments, useful lives and impairment of long-lived assets, accounting for deferred income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and as such, differences may be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

(d) Foreign currency translation

 

The Group uses Renminbi (“RMB”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of the Company and the Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in Cayman, British Virgin Islands and Hong Kong is US dollars (“US$”), while the functional currency of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries is RMB. The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria set out by ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters.

 

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency are remeasured into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in foreign currency are remeasured using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

 

 

The financial statements of the Group’s non-PRC entities are translated from their respective functional currency into RMB. Assets and liabilities are translated into RMB using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts other than earnings generated in current period are translated into RMB at the appropriate historical rates. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated into RMB using the average exchange rates for the relevant period. The resulting foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity and a component of other comprehensive income in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income.

 

(e) Convenience translation

 

Amounts in US$ are presented for the convenience of the reader and are translated at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB6.9931, representing the noon buying rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board on December 31, 2025. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate, or at any other rate.

 

(f) Cash

 

Cash consists of cash on hand and in bank, and deposits that can be added to or withdrawn without limitation, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use.

 

(g) Accounts receivable

 

Accounts receivable represent the amounts that the Group has an unconditional right to the consideration when the Group has satisfied its performance obligation. The Group maintains allowance for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. Management usually determines the adequacy of reserves for doubtful accounts based on individual account analysis and historical collection trends. The allowance is based on management’s best estimates of specific losses on individual exposures, as well as a provision on historical trends of collections. Past due accounts are generally written off against the allowance for bad debts only after all collection attempts have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. No allowance was recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and six months ended December 31, 2025.

 

(h) Advance to suppliers, net

 

Advances to suppliers consist of balances paid to suppliers for services and materials that have not been provided or received. The Group reviews its advances to suppliers on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the ability of a supplier to provide supplies to the Group or refund an advance. The allowance for advance to suppliers as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025 were nil, respectively.

 

(i) Deferred offering costs

 

Deferred offering costs consist of underwriting, legal, advisory and other expenses incurred through the reporting date that are directly related to an anticipated offering and that will be charged as a reduction against additional paid-in capital upon the completion of the offering. Should the offering prove to be unsuccessful, these deferred costs, as well as additional expenses to be incurred, will be charged to operations.

 

(j) Borrowings

 

Borrowings comprise short-term borrowings. Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds net of transaction costs and the redemption value is recognized in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

 

(k) Related parties and transactions

 

The Group identifies related parties, and accounts for, discloses related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850, “Related Party Disclosures” and other relevant ASC standards.

 

Parties, which can be a corporation or individual, are considered to be related if the Group has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. Companies are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.

 

Transactions between related parties commonly occurring in the normal course of business are considered to be related party transactions. Transactions between related parties are also considered to be related party transactions even though they may not be given accounting recognition. While ASC does not provide accounting or measurement guidance for such transactions, it nonetheless requires their disclosure.

 

(l) Fair value measurement

 

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

 

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of inputs are:

 

  Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 

  Level 2—Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

 

  Level 3—Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

 

Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

 

Financial assets and liabilities of the Group primarily consist of cash, accounts receivable, other receivables included in prepayments and other current assets, short-term borrowings, accounts payable, amounts due to related parties, and other payables included in accrued expenses. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025, the carrying amounts of above financial assets and liabilities approximated to their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

(m) Revenue recognition

 

The Group’s revenues are mainly generated from Event Planning and Execution, Outdoors Advertising Services and Online Precision Marketing Services.

 

 

The Group recognizes revenues pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, reduced by value added tax (“VAT”). A description of the principal revenue generating activities of Group is as follows:

 

Marketing campaign planning and execution

 

The Group primarily generates revenues by providing customized marketing campaign planning and execution services upon requests from its customers, including event design, logistics, layout of events, materials preparation, actual event set-up and implementation. Sometimes the Group purchases advertising space on the day of the event and then authorizes clients to use it for brand promotion. During the planning and execution of the events, the Group chooses various contents as the carrier and integrates advertisements into offline events and online videos to achieve marketing purposes. The Group accounts for a contract of marketing campaign planning and execution when it has legally enforceable rights and obligations and collectability of consideration is probable. Each contract typically contains one single performance obligation, which is to deliver a successful event, and the contract price is fixed.

 

For marketing campaign planning and execution, revenue is recognized at a point of time when services are successfully provided (e.g., upon successful carryout of an event), which is indicated by customer’s acknowledgement of completion on such event and activity, online program or video, as the customer neither simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Group’s performance nor controls an increasingly enhanced asset or an asset with an alternative use to the customer as the Group performs.

 

Offline advertising

 

The Group also generates revenues by designing and arranging for display of offline marketing materials mainly on public transports such as bus lines. The consideration of offline advertising services is fixed stated in the contract. The Group concludes it has a stand ready obligation to fulfill all service and considers the offline advertising services as a single performance obligation. The Group adopts the output method, using a time-elapsed basis ratably over the period from the beginning to the end of the advertising schedule, to measure progress.

 

Online precision marketing

 

The Group generates revenues from precision marketing by designing and integrating advertisements, marketing materials as well as promotion videos into different online platforms, such as video and social media platforms, including Iqiyi, Xigua Channel, Weibo and Wechat, etc. The consideration of precision marketing is fixed stated in the contract. The Group concludes it has a stand ready obligation to fulfill all service and considers the series of online precision marketing as a single performance obligation. The Group adopts the output method, using a time-elapsed basis ratably over the period from the beginning to the end of the advertising schedule, to measure progress.

 

Principal versus agent considerations

 

For all of the revenue types, relevant services were mainly purchased from third parties, and the Group evaluates the presentation of revenue on a gross versus net basis based on whether it controls the services before transfers them to customers. The Group considers itself the principal for transactions that it is in control of establishing the transaction price, and it is primary responsible for fulfilling the promises to provide relevant event planning and execution, precision marketing and bus advertising service to the customer. Therefore, such revenues are reported on a gross basis.

 

The following table disaggregates the Group’s revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2024 and 2025:

 

    For the six months ended
December 31,
 
    2024     2025  
    RMB     RMB  
    (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  
By revenue type:            
Marketing campaign planning and execution     40,677,032       40,660,848  
Offline advertising     1,114,901       -  
Online precision marketing     25,105,152       48,387,464  
Total     66,897,085       89,048,312  

 

 

Contract assets and liabilities

 

    As of  
    June 30,
2025
    December 31,
2025
 
    RMB     RMB  
          (Unaudited)  
Contract liabilities type:            
In time     1,416,745       -  
Over time     962,264       3,885,000  
Total     2,379,009       3,885,000  

 

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing the customers. Accounts receivable represent revenue recognized for the amounts invoiced and/or prior to invoicing when the Group has satisfied its performance obligation and has unconditional right to the payment. Contract assets represent the Group’s right to consideration in exchange for services that the Group has transferred to a customer when that right is conditioned on something other than the passage of time. The Group has no contract assets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025.

 

Contract liabilities represents the obligation to transfer services to a customer for which the entity has received consideration from the customer. Contract liabilities were RMB2,379,009 and RMB3,885,000 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Group expects to recognize the balance of contract liabilities as revenue over time in the next 12 months.

 

(n) Cost of revenues

 

Amounts recorded as cost of revenues relate to direct expenses incurred in order to generate revenue. Cost of revenues primarily consists of online program production costs, live video broadcast costs, materials costs, and other event hosting and marketing related expenses purchased from suppliers. Such costs are recorded as incurred.

 

(o) Selling and marketing expenses

 

Selling and marketing expenses mainly consist of labor expenses and travel expenses for sales personnel, social and entertainment expenses and other miscellaneous selling expenses.

 

(p) General and administrative expenses

 

General and administrative expenses mainly consist of salary and welfare for general and administrative personnel, rental and property management fee, office expenses, and other miscellaneous corporate expenses.

 

(q) Employee benefits

 

The Company’s subsidiaries in PRC participate in a government mandated, multiemployer, defined contribution plan, pursuant to which certain retirement, medical, housing and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. PRC labor laws require the entities incorporated in the PRC to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution calculated at a stated contribution rate on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees. The Group has no further commitments beyond its monthly contribution. The total expenses recorded for such employee benefits in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income amounted to RMB110,438 and RMB114,457 for the six months ended December 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

 

(r) Income taxes

 

The Group accounts for current income taxes in accordance with the laws and regulations of the relevant tax jurisdictions. The charge for taxation is based on the results for the fiscal year as adjusted for items which are non-assessable or disallowed. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period.

 

The Group accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases (“Temporary differences”).

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those Temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred income tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which the asset or liability will be settled, based on rates enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

 

The provisions of ASC 740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” prescribe a more-likely-than-not threshold for consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on the recognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and related disclosures. The Group believes there were no uncertain tax positions and unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

 

ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, accounting for income taxes in interim periods, and income tax disclosures. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Group’s uncertain tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. The Group did not recognize any interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions for the six months ended December 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively, as there were no uncertain tax positions.

 

The Group’s operating subsidiaries in PRC are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities. According to the PRC Tax Administration and Collection Law, the statute of limitations is three years if the underpayment of taxes is due to computational errors made by the taxpayer or the withholding agent. The statute of limitations is extended to five years under special circumstances, where the underpayment of taxes is more than RMB 100,000 ($14,300). In the case of transfer pricing issues, the statute of limitation is ten years. There is no statute of limitation in the case of tax evasion.

 

(o) Value added tax (“VAT”)

 

The Group is subject to VAT at the rate of 6% depending on whether the entity is a general taxpayer, and related surcharges on revenue generated from providing services. Entities that are VAT general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input VAT paid to suppliers against their output VAT liabilities. Net VAT balance between input VAT and output VAT is recorded in the line item of accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the face of balance sheet. The Group records revenue net of value added tax and related surcharges.

 

(p) Leases

 

From July 1, 2020, the Group adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Lease (FASB ASC Topic 842). The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the presentation of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The Group has elected the package of practical expedients, which allows the Group not to reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts as of the adoption date are or contain a lease, (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date and (3) initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date. Lastly, the Group elected the short-term lease exemption for all contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less.

 

At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange of a consideration. To assess whether a contract is or contains a lease, the Group assess whether the contract involves the use of an identified asset, whether it has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of the asset and whether it has the right to control the use of the asset.

 

The right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. The Group recognizes operating lease expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

Right-of-use of assets

 

The right-of-use of asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and less any lease incentive received.

 

Lease liabilities

 

Lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the outstanding lease payments at the commencement date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed lease payments, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee and any exercise price under a purchase option that the Group is reasonably certain to exercise. Lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. It is re-measured when there is a change in future lease payments, if there is a change in the estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if there is any change in the Group assessment of option purchases, contract extensions or termination options.

 

(q) Net income per share

 

In accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share, basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. For the calculation of diluted net income per share, the weighted average number of ordinary shares is adjusted by the effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares, including unvested restricted shares, ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding share options using the treasury stock method. The effect mentioned above is not included in the calculation of the diluted income per share when inclusion of such effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

(r) Segment reporting

 

The Group uses the management approach in determining its operating segments. The Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) identified as the Group’s Chief Executive Officer, relies upon the consolidated results of operations as a whole when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the Group. As a result of the assessment made by CODM, the Group has only one reportable segment. The Group does not distinguish between markets or segments for the purpose of internal reporting. As the Group’s long-lived assets are substantially located in the PRC, no geographical segments are presented.

 

(s) Recent accounting pronouncements

 

The Group is an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, EGC can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Group elected to take advantage of the extended transition periods. However, this election will not apply should the Group cease to be classified as an EGC.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12’’), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing exceptions and simplifies the accounting for income taxes regarding franchise tax, good will, separate financial statements, enacted change in tax laws or rates and employee stock ownership plans. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods therein. Early adoption of the standard is permitted, including adoption in interim or annual periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Group adopted the ASU from July 1, 2022, which did not have a material impact on the Group’s financial results or financial position.

 

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2021-08), which clarifies that an acquirer of a business should recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new amendments are effective for us are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments, with early adoption permitted. The Group adopted the ASU from July 1, 2023, which did not have a material impact on the Group’s financial results or financial position.

 

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”. The amendments in this update improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyzes. Currently, Topic 280 requires that a public entity disclose certain information about its reportable segments. Topic 280 also requires other specified segment items and amounts, such as depreciation, amortization, and depletion expense, to be disclosed under certain circumstances. The amendments in this Update do not change or remove those disclosure requirements. The amendments in this Update also do not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. For all public entities that are required to report segment information in accordance with Topic 280, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvement to Income Tax Disclosure. This standard requires more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public business entities, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Group expects the adoption of this ASU will not have a material effect on the Company’s combined financial statements.

 

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” and issued subsequent amendment within ASU 2025-01. The amendments require disaggregation disclosure for certain expense captions presented on the face of income statement, as well as additional disclosure about selling expenses. This guidance is effective for the Company for the year ending March 31, 2028 and interim reporting periods during the year ending March 31, 2029. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its disclosures.

 

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). The amendments in ASU 2025-05 provide entities with a practical expedient to simplify the estimation of expected credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) by allowing the assumption that current conditions as of the balance sheet date will not change during the remaining life of the asset. ASU 2025-05 is effective for the Company for its annual reporting periods beginning July 1, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2025-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Group does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

 

(a) Basis of presentation

 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) to reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Group. Significant accounting policies followed by the Group in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements are summarized below.

 

(b) Principles of consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All transactions and balances among the Group have been eliminated upon consolidation. All intercompany transactions and balances among the Group have been eliminated upon consolidation.

 

Subsidiaries are those entities in which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power; or has the power to govern the financial and operating policies, to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, or to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of directors.

 

Non-controlling interest represents the portion of the net assets of subsidiaries attributable to interests that are not owned by the Group. The non-controlling interest is presented in the consolidated balance sheets, separately from equity attributable to the shareholders of the Group. Non-controlling interest’s operating result is presented on the face of the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income as an allocation of the total income for the year between non-controlling shareholders and the shareholders of the Group.

 

(c) Use of estimates

 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant accounting estimates include, but not limited to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, accounting for deferred income taxes and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and as such, differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements.

 

(d) Foreign currency translation

 

The Group uses Renminbi (“RMB”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of the Company and the Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in Cayman, British Virgin Islands and Hong Kong is US dollars (“US$”), while the functional currency of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries is RMB. The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria set out by ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters.

 

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency are remeasured into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in foreign currency are remeasured using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

 

The consolidated financial statements of the Group’s non-PRC entities are translated from their respective functional currency into RMB. Assets and liabilities are translated into RMB using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts other than earnings generated in current period are translated into RMB at the appropriate historical rates. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated into RMB using the average exchange rates for the relevant period. The resulting foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of changes in equity and a component of other comprehensive income in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income.

 

(e) Convenience translation

 

Amounts in US$ are presented for the convenience of the reader and are translated at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB7.1636, representing the noon buying rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board on June 30, 2025. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate, or at any other rate.

 

(f) Cash

 

Cash consists of cash on hand and in bank, and deposits that can be added to or withdrawn without limitation, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use.

 

(g) Accounts receivable, net

 

Accounts receivable are stated at the original amount less an allowance for credit loss. Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Group has provided services to its customers and when its right to consideration is unconditional. The Group reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. The Group has developed a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model based on historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of its customers, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect its ability to collect from customers. The Group considers historical collection rates, current financial status, macroeconomic factors, and other industry-specific factors when evaluating for current expected credit losses. Accounts receivable balances are written off after all collection efforts have been exhausted. The allowance for credit losses as of June 30, 2024 and 2025 were nil and RMB 9,125,428, respectively.

 

(h) Advance to suppliers, net

 

Advances to suppliers consist of balances paid to suppliers for services and materials that have not been provided or received. The Group reviews its advances to suppliers on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the ability of a supplier to provide supplies to the Group or refund an advance. The allowance for advance to suppliers as of June 30, 2024 and 2025 were RMB4,871,715 and nil, respectively.

 

(i) Deferred offering costs

 

Deferred offering costs consist of underwriting, legal, advisory and other expenses incurred through the reporting date that are directly related to an anticipated offering and that will be charged as a reduction against additional paid-in capital upon the completion of the offering. Should the offering prove to be unsuccessful, these deferred costs, as well as additional expenses to be incurred, will be charged to operations.

 

(j) Borrowings

 

Borrowings comprise short-term borrowings. Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds net of transaction costs and the redemption value is recognized in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

 

(k) Related parties and transactions

 

The Group identifies related parties, and accounts for, discloses related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850, “Related Party Disclosures” and other relevant ASC standards.

 

Parties, which can be a corporation or individual, are considered to be related if the Group has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. Companies are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.

 

Transactions between related parties commonly occurring in the normal course of business are considered to be related party transactions. Transactions between related parties are also considered to be related party transactions even though they may not be given accounting recognition. While ASC does not provide accounting or measurement guidance for such transactions, it nonetheless requires their disclosure.

 

(l) Fair value measurement

 

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

 

 

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of inputs are:

 

Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 

Level 2—Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

 

Level 3—Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

 

Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

 

Financial assets and liabilities of the Group primarily consist of cash, accounts receivable, other receivables included in prepayments and other current assets, short-term borrowings, accounts payable, amounts due to related parties, and other payables included in accrued expenses. As of June 30, 2024 and 2025, the carrying amounts of above financial assets and liabilities approximated to their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. For borrowings that are not short-term, fair value is estimated using discounted cash flows, with discount rates based on current market interest rates for instruments with similar terms and credit risk.

 

(m) Credit Losses

 

On July 1, 2023, the Group adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement on Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” using the modified retrospective method, including certain subsequent amendments, transitional guidance and other interpretive guidance within ASU 2018-19.ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-11, ASU 2020-02 and ASU 2020-03 (collectively, including ASU 2016-13, “ASC 326”). ASC 326 introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate the allowance for credit losses, which replaces the previous incurred loss impairment model.

 

The Group’s accounts receivable, amounts due from related parties and other receivable which is included in prepaid expenses and other assets line item in the balance sheet are within the scope of ASC Topic 326. The Group uses the roll-rate method to measure the expected credit losses of account receivables, amounts due from related parties and other receivables, on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The roll-rate method stratifies the receivables balance by delinquency stages and projected forward in one-year increments using historical roll rate. In each year of the simulation, losses on the receivables are captured, and the ending delinquency stratification serves as the beginning point of the next iteration. This process is repeated on a yearly rolling basis. The loss rate calculated for each delinquency stage is then applied to respective receivables balance. The management adjusts the allowance that is determined by the roll-date method for both current conditions and forecast of economic conditions. When establishing the loss rate, the Group makes the assessment on various factors, including historical experience, credit-worthiness of debtors, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect its ability to collect from, the debtors. The Group also provides specific provisions for allowance when facts and circumstances indicate that the receivable is unlikely to be collected.

 

The cumulative effect from the adoption as of June 30, 2024 was nil to the consolidated financial statements. For the year ended June 30, 2025, allowance of credit losses made by the Group was RMB 9,125,428 by applying ASC 326.

 

(n) Revenue recognition

 

The Group’s revenues are mainly generated from marketing campaign planning and execution, offline advertising services and online precision marketing services.

 

The Group recognizes revenues pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, reduced by value added tax (“VAT”). A description of the principal revenue generating activities of Group is as follows:

 

Marketing campaign planning and execution

 

The Group primarily generates revenues by providing customized marketing campaign planning and execution services upon requests from its customers, including event design, logistics, layout of events, materials preparation, actual event set-up and implementation. Sometimes the Group purchases advertising space on the day of the event and then authorizes clients to use it for brand promotion. During the planning and execution of the events, the Group chooses various contents as the carrier and integrates advertisements into offline events and online videos to achieve marketing purposes. The Group accounts for a contract of marketing campaign planning and execution when it has legally enforceable rights and obligations and collectability of consideration is probable. Each contract typically contains one single performance obligation, which is to deliver a successful event, and the contract price is fixed.

 

For marketing campaign planning and execution, revenue is recognized at a point of time when services are successfully provided (e.g., upon successful carryout of an event), which is indicated by customer’s acknowledgement of completion on such event and activity, online program or video, as the customer neither simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Group’s performance nor controls an increasingly enhanced asset or an asset with an alternative use to the customer as the Group performs.

 

Offline advertising

 

The Group also generates revenues by designing and arranging for display of offline marketing materials mainly on public transports such as bus lines. The consideration of offline advertising services is fixed stated in the contract. The Group concludes it has a stand ready obligation to fulfill all service and considers the offline advertising services as a single performance obligation. The Group adopts the output method, using a time-elapsed basis ratably over the period from the beginning to the end of the advertising schedule, to measure progress.

 

Online precision marketing

 

The Group generates revenues from precision marketing by designing and integrating advertisements, marketing materials as well as promotion videos into different online platforms, such as video and social media platforms, including Iqiyi, Xigua Channel, Weibo and Wechat, etc. The consideration of precision marketing is fixed stated in the contract. The Group concludes it has a stand ready obligation to fulfill all service and considers the series of online precision marketing as a single performance obligation. The Group adopts the output method, using a time-elapsed basis ratably over the period from the beginning to the end of the advertising schedule, to measure progress.

 

Principal versus agent considerations

 

For all of the revenue types, relevant services were mainly purchased from third parties, and the Group evaluates the presentation of revenue on a gross versus net basis based on whether it controls the services before transfers them to customers. The Group considers itself the principal for transactions that it is in control of establishing the transaction price, and it is primary responsible for fulfilling the promises to provide relevant marketing campaign planning and execution, offline advertising and online precision marketing services to the customer. Therefore, such revenues are reported on a gross basis.

 

 

The following table disaggregates the Group’s revenue for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025:

 

    For the years ended June 30,  
    2023     2024     2025  
    RMB     RMB     RMB  
By revenue type:                  
Marketing campaign planning and execution     55,590,318       72,551,148       61,355,474  
Online precision marketing     6,112,910       31,619,104       56,680,368  
Offline advertising     7,336,177       4,635,050       2,753,207  
Total     69,039,405       108,805,302       120,789,049  

 

    For the years ended June 30,  
    2023     2024     2025  
    RMB     RMB     RMB  
By recognition method:                  
At a point of time     55,590,318       72,551,148       61,355,474  
Over time     13,449,087       36,254,154       59,433,575  
Total     69,039,405       108,805,302       120,789,049  

 

Contract assets and liabilities

 

    For the years ended June 30,  
    2023     2024     2025  
    RMB     RMB     RB  
Contract liabilities type:                  
In time     424,528       2,115,522       1,416,745  
Over time     471,698       -       962,264  
Total     896,226       2,115,522       2,379,009  

 

The movements of contract liabilities were as follows:

 

    As of June 30,  
    2024     2025  
    RMB     RMB  
Opening balance     896,226       2,115,522  
Addition of contract liabilities     2,115,522       2,379,009  
Revenue recognition during the year     (896,226 )     (2,115,522 )
Ending balance of contract liabilities     2,115,522       2,379,009  

 

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing the customers. Accounts receivable represent revenue recognized for the amounts invoiced and/or prior to invoicing when the Group has satisfied its performance obligation and has unconditional right to the payment. Contract assets represent the Group’s right to consideration in exchange for services that the Group has transferred to a customer when that right is conditioned on something other than the passage of time. The Group has no contract assets as of June 30, 2024 and 2025.

 

Contract liabilities represent the obligation to transfer services to a customer for which the entity has received consideration from the customer. Contract liabilities were RMB2,115,522 and RMB2,379,009 as of June 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The Group expects to recognize the balance of contract liabilities as revenue in the next 12 months.

 

(o) Cost of revenues

 

Amounts recorded as cost of revenues relate to direct expenses incurred in order to generate revenue. Cost of revenues primarily consists of online program production costs, live video broadcast costs, materials costs, and other event hosting and marketing related expenses purchased from suppliers. Such costs are recorded as incurred.

 

(p) Selling and marketing expenses

 

Selling and marketing expenses mainly consist of labor expenses and travel expenses for sales personnel, social and entertainment expenses and other miscellaneous selling expenses.

 

(q) General and administrative expenses

 

General and administrative expenses mainly consist of salary and welfare for general and administrative personnel, rental and property management fee, office expenses, employee stock incentive expenses and other miscellaneous corporate expenses.

 

(r) Employee benefits

 

The Company’s subsidiaries in PRC participate in a government mandated, multiemployer, defined contribution plan, pursuant to which certain retirement, medical, housing and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. PRC labor laws require the entities incorporated in the PRC to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution calculated at a stated contribution rate on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees. The Group has no further commitments beyond its monthly contribution. The total expenses recorded for such employee benefits amounted to RMB182,475, RMB213,318 and RMB210,987 for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025 respectively.

 

(s) Income taxes

 

The Group accounts for current income taxes in accordance with the laws and regulations of the relevant tax jurisdictions. The charge for taxation is based on the results for the fiscal year as adjusted for items which are non-assessable or disallowed. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period.

 

The Group accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases (“Temporary differences”).

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those Temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred income tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which the asset or liability will be settled, based on rates enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

 

The provisions of ASC 740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” prescribe a more-likely-than-not threshold for consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on the recognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and related disclosures. The Group believes there were no uncertain tax positions and unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

 

ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, accounting for income taxes in interim periods, and income tax disclosures. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Group’s uncertain tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. The Group did not recognize any interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions for the years ended June 30, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively, as there were no uncertain tax positions.

 

The Group’s operating subsidiaries in PRC are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities. According to the PRC Tax Administration and Collection Law, the statute of limitations is three years if the underpayment of taxes is due to computational errors made by the taxpayer or the withholding agent. The statute of limitations is extended to five years under special circumstances, where the underpayment of taxes is more than RMB 100,000 (US$13,760). In the case of transfer pricing issues, the statute of limitation is ten years. There is no statute of limitation in the case of tax evasion.

 

(t) Value added tax (“VAT”)

 

The Group is subject to VAT at the rate of 6% depending on whether the entity is a general taxpayer, and related surcharges on revenue generated from providing services. Entities that are VAT general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input VAT paid to suppliers against their output VAT liabilities. Net VAT balance between input VAT and output VAT is recorded in the line item of accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the face of balance sheet. The Group records revenue net of value added tax and related surcharges.

 

(u) Leases

 

From July 1, 2020, the Group adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Lease (FASB ASC Topic 842). The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the presentation of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The Group has elected the package of practical expedients, which allows the Group not to reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts as of the adoption date are or contain a lease, (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date and (3) initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date. Lastly, the Group elected the short-term lease exemption for all contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less.

 

At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange of a consideration. To assess whether a contract is or contains a lease, the Group assess whether the contract involves the use of an identified asset, whether it has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of the asset and whether it has the right to control the use of the asset.

 

The right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. The Group recognizes operating lease expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

Right-of-use of assets

 

The right-of-use of asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and less any lease incentive received.

 

Lease liabilities

 

Lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the outstanding lease payments at the commencement date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed lease payments, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee and any exercise price under a purchase option that the Group is reasonably certain to exercise. Lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. It is re-measured when there is a change in future lease payments, if there is a change in the estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if there is any change in the Group assessment of option purchases, contract extensions or termination options.

 

(v) Net profit per share

 

In accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share, basic net profit per share is computed by dividing net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. For the calculation of diluted net profit per share, the weighted average number of ordinary shares is adjusted by the effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares, including unvested restricted shares, ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding share options using the treasury stock method. The effect mentioned above is not included in the calculation of the diluted income per share when inclusion of such effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

(w) Segment reporting

 

The Group uses the management approach in determining its operating segments. The Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) identified as the Group’s Chief Executive Officer, relies upon the consolidated results of operations as a whole when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the Group. As a result of the assessment made by CODM, the Group has only one reportable segment. The Group does not distinguish between markets or segments for the purpose of internal reporting. As the Group’s long-lived assets are substantially located in the PRC, no geographical segments are presented.

 

(x) Recent accounting pronouncements

 

The Group is an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, EGC can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Group elected to take advantage of the extended transition periods. However, this election will not apply should the Group cease to be classified as an EGC.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12’’), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing exceptions and simplifies the accounting for income taxes regarding franchise tax, good will, separate financial statements, enacted change in tax laws or rates and employee stock ownership plans. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods therein. Early adoption of the standard is permitted, including adoption in interim or annual periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Group adopted the ASU from July 1, 2022, which did not have a material impact on the Group’s financial results or financial position.

 

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2021-08), which clarifies that an acquirer of a business should recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new amendments are effective for us are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments, with early adoption permitted. The Group adopted the ASU from July 1, 2023, which did not have a material impact on the Group’s financial results or financial position.

 

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”. The amendments in this update improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyzes. Currently, Topic 280 requires that a public entity disclose certain information about its reportable segments. Topic 280 also requires other specified segment items and amounts, such as depreciation, amortization, and depletion expense, to be disclosed under certain circumstances. The amendments in this Update do not change or remove those disclosure requirements. The amendments in this Update also do not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. For all public entities that are required to report segment information in accordance with Topic 280, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvement to Income Tax Disclosure. This standard requires more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public business entities, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Group expects the adoption of this ASU will not have a material effect on the Company’s combined financial statements.

 

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” and issued subsequent amendment within ASU 2025-01. The amendments require disaggregation disclosure for certain expense captions presented on the face of income statement, as well as additional disclosure about selling expenses. This guidance is effective for the Company for the year ending March 31, 2028 and interim reporting periods during the year ending March 31, 2029. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its disclosures.

 

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). The amendments in ASU 2025-05 provide entities with a practical expedient to simplify the estimation of expected credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) by allowing the assumption that current conditions as of the balance sheet date will not change during the remaining life of the asset. ASU 2025-05 is effective for the Company for its annual reporting periods beginning July 1, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2025-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Group does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.