<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:01a06ca3-8c23-71e0-bcd7-c4abc23eca4a,g:8571bdbd-d1b0-4f9e-9296-6a5ed40a13ea-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.centene.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cnc-20260916.xsd#Cover"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.centene.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_01a06ca3-8c23-7f57-a372-bd2f6d581fbc" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_01a06ca3-8c23-7f57-a372-bd2f6d581fbc" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_01a06ca3-8c23-70c1-8e37-29fe57521855" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_01a06ca3-8c23-70c1-8e37-29fe57521855" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_01a06ca3-8c23-7db2-a8af-ded73cdbcfa2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_01a06ca3-8c23-7db2-a8af-ded73cdbcfa2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_01a06ca3-8c23-7950-8fc5-a05a19e5936b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_01a06ca3-8c23-7950-8fc5-a05a19e5936b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_01a06ca3-8c23-76f3-9917-2a40aa8cdeff" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_01a06ca3-8c23-76f3-9917-2a40aa8cdeff" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_01a06ca3-8c23-7ca8-bf0c-4e0f39ceff72" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_01a06ca3-8c23-7ca8-bf0c-4e0f39ceff72" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_01a06ca3-8c23-76a3-9047-30f4871b68ba" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_01a06ca3-8c23-76a3-9047-30f4871b68ba" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_01a06ca3-8c23-7826-86f1-9d509af4efd2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_01a06ca3-8c23-7826-86f1-9d509af4efd2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_01a06ca3-8c23-7d61-a918-6ce4beae9742" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_01a06ca3-8c23-7d61-a918-6ce4beae9742" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_01a06ca3-8c23-7480-b9d6-2cbb714ca2e1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_01a06ca3-8c23-7480-b9d6-2cbb714ca2e1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_01a06ca3-8c23-74b6-9ea1-28c2044ee50b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_01a06ca3-8c23-74b6-9ea1-28c2044ee50b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_01a06ca3-8c23-74cb-9cc7-e0f9d91d378d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_01a06ca3-8c23-74cb-9cc7-e0f9d91d378d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_01a06ca3-8c23-7168-9f7a-1c21320f92b2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_01a06ca3-8c23-7168-9f7a-1c21320f92b2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_01a06ca3-8c23-7c50-b89c-f7cc2a8d33f2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_01a06ca3-8c23-7c50-b89c-f7cc2a8d33f2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_01a06ca3-8c23-7c7f-b6a0-fd6cc8401fe5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_01a06ca3-8c23-7c7f-b6a0-fd6cc8401fe5" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_01a06ca3-8c23-7584-ac25-e7fca714ad0b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_01a06ca3-8c23-7584-ac25-e7fca714ad0b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_01a06ca3-8c23-799f-9448-2141cac2ae50" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_01a06ca3-8c23-799f-9448-2141cac2ae50" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_01a06ca3-8c23-7405-8400-9b4963866718" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_01a06ca3-8c23-7405-8400-9b4963866718" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_01a06ca3-8c23-7d0b-9768-a1e84bf24dfb" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_01a06ca3-8c23-7d0b-9768-a1e84bf24dfb" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_01a06ca3-8c23-7c53-b961-effb889e8b2c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_01a06ca3-8c23-7c53-b961-effb889e8b2c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_01a06ca3-8c23-7f62-9d4a-857c7cd0592f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_01a06ca3-8c23-7f62-9d4a-857c7cd0592f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_01a06ca3-8c23-7b16-b1f0-78d947ab7093" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a06ca3-8c23-704e-998c-b09a66c812e7" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_01a06ca3-8c23-7b16-b1f0-78d947ab7093" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
