The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Medium-Term Notes, Series A
$
Digital Notes due 2027
(Linked to a WTI Crude Oil Futures Contract)

The notes will not bear interest. The amount that you will be paid on your notes on the stated maturity date (November 1, 2027, subject to adjustment) is based on the performance of the settlement price of the first nearby month futures contract for WTI crude oil traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange (the “NYMEX”) or, on any day that falls on the last trading day of such contract (all pursuant to the rules of the NYMEX), the second nearby month futures contract for WTI crude oil traded on the NYMEX (which we refer to as the underlier) as measured from and including the trade date (expected to be between September 10, 2026 and October 1, 2026) to and including the determination date (October 28, 2027, subject to adjustment). If the final underlier level on the determination date is greater than or equal to 80.00% of the initial underlier level (set on the trade date), you will receive the threshold settlement amount (expected to be between $1,074.40 and $1,087.50 for each $1,000 principal amount note). If the final underlier level declines by more than 20.00% from the initial underlier level, you will receive only the principal amount of your notes. You may not receive a positive return on your investment in the notes. Any payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC (“JPMorgan Financial”), as issuer of the notes, and the credit risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.

On the stated maturity date, for each $1,000 principal amount note, you will receive an amount in cash equal to:

Your investment in the notes involves certain risks, including, among other things, our credit risk. See “Risk Factors” on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement, “Risk Factors” on page PS-11 of the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Factors” on page PS-12 of this pricing supplement.

The foregoing is only a brief summary of the terms of your notes. You should read the additional disclosure provided herein so that you may better understand the terms and risks of your investment.

The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the final pricing supplement and is expected to be between $975.80 and $985.80 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “Summary Information — The Estimated Value of the Notes” on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement for additional information about the estimated value of the notes and “Summary Information — Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” on page PS-8 of this pricing supplement for information about secondary market prices of the notes.

Original issue date (settlement date): expected to be the third scheduled business day after the trade date (i.e., between September 15, 2026 and October 6, 2026)

See “Summary Information — Supplemental Use of Proceeds” on page PS-8 of this pricing supplement for information about the components of the original issue price of the notes.

*J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling commissions it receives from us to an unaffiliated dealer. In no event will these selling commissions exceed 0.83% of the principal amount. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” on page PS-68 of the accompanying product supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this pricing supplement, the accompanying product supplement, the accompanying prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

The original issue price, fees and commissions and net proceeds listed above relate to the notes we sell initially. We may decide to sell additional notes after the date of this pricing supplement, at issue prices and with fees and commission and net proceeds that differ from the amounts set forth above. The return (whether positive or negative) on your investment in notes will depend in part on the price you pay for your notes.

We may use this pricing supplement in the initial sale of the notes. In addition, JPMS or any other affiliate of ours may use this pricing supplement in a market-making transaction in a note after its initial sale. Unless JPMS or its agents inform the purchaser otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used in a market-making transaction.

You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase. You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.

You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement, as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers before you invest in the notes.

You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):

●

Product supplement no. 2-I dated April 17, 2026:

http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390026045216/ea0285802-25_424b2.pdf

●

Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 17, 2026:

http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010326005889/crt_dp245141-424b2.pdf

Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Financial.

Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct, wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Underlier: the first nearby month futures contract for WTI crude oil traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange (the “NYMEX”) or, on any day that falls on the last trading day of such contract (all pursuant to the rules of the NYMEX), the second nearby month futures contract for WTI crude oil traded on the NYMEX. The accompanying product supplement refers to the underlier as the “Commodity Futures Contract.”

Principal amount: each note will have a principal amount of $1,000; $ in the aggregate for all the offered notes; the aggregate principal amount of the offered notes may be increased if the issuer, at its sole option, decides to sell an additional amount of the offered notes on a date subsequent to the date of this pricing supplement.

Purchase at amount other than principal amount: the amount we will pay you at the stated maturity date for your notes will not be adjusted based on the price you pay for your notes, so if you acquire notes at a premium (or discount) to the principal amount and hold them to the stated maturity date, it could affect your investment in a number of ways. The return on your investment in the notes will be lower (or higher) than it would have been had you purchased the notes at the principal amount. Also, the stated threshold level would not offer the same benefit to your investment as would be the case if you had purchased the notes at the principal amount. Additionally, the cap level would be triggered at a lower (or higher) percentage return than indicated below, relative to your initial investment. See “Selected Risk

Factors — Risks Relating to the Notes Generally — If You Purchase Your Notes at a Premium to the Principal Amount, the Return on Your Investment Will Be Lower Than the Return on Notes Purchased at the Principal Amount and the Impact of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively Affected” on page PS-13 of this pricing supplement.

Payment on the stated maturity date: for each $1,000 principal amount note, we will pay you on the stated maturity date an amount in cash equal to:

Initial underlier level (to be set on the trade date and will be the closing level of the underlier on the trade date): $ . The accompanying product supplement refers to the initial underlier level as the “Initial Value.”

Final underlier level: the closing level of the underlier on the determination date. In certain circumstances, the closing level of the underlier will be based on the alternative calculation of the underlier described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Determination Date — Notes Linked to a Single Underlying — Notes Linked to a Single Commodity or Commodity Futures Contract” on page PS-45 of the accompanying product supplement or “The Underlyings — Commodity Futures Contracts — Discontinuation of Trading of a Commodity Futures Contract on Its Relevant Exchange; Alternative Method of Calculation” on page PS-63 of the accompanying product supplement. The accompanying product supplement refers to the final underlier level as the “Final Value.”

Cap level (to be provided in the final pricing supplement): expected to be between 107.44% and 108.75% of the initial underlier level

Threshold settlement amount (to be provided in the final pricing supplement): expected to be between $1,074.40 and $1,087.50

Trade date (to be provided in the final pricing supplement): a specified date that is expected to be between September 10, 2026 and October 1, 2026

Original issue date (settlement date) (to be provided in the final pricing supplement): a specified date that is expected to be the third scheduled business day after the trade date (i.e., between September 15, 2026 and October 6, 2026)

Determination date: October 28, 2027, subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event and as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Determination Date — Notes Linked to a Single Underlying — Notes Linked to a Single Commodity or Commodity Futures Contract” on page PS-45 of the accompanying product supplement or acceleration in the event of a commodity hedging disruption event as described under “General Terms of Notes — Consequences of a Commodity Hedging Disruption Event” on page PS-49 in the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Notes Generally — We May Accelerate Your Notes If a Commodity Hedging Disruption Event Occurs” in this pricing supplement.

Stated maturity date: November 1, 2027, subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event and as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Payment Date” on page PS-44 of the accompanying product supplement or acceleration in the event of a commodity hedging disruption event as described under “General Terms of Notes — Consequences of a Commodity Hedging Disruption Event” on page PS-49 in the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Notes Generally — We May Accelerate Your Notes If a Commodity Hedging Disruption Event Occurs” in this pricing supplement. The accompanying product supplement refers to the stated maturity date as the “maturity date.”

No listing: The offered notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or interdealer quotation system.

No redemption: The offered notes will not be subject to redemption right or price dependent redemption right.

Closing level: as described under “The Underlyings — Commodity Futures Contracts — Reference Price of a Commodity Futures Contract” on page PS-60 of the accompanying product supplement. The accompanying product supplement refers to the closing level as the “Contract Price.”

Business day: as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Payment Date” on page PS-44 of the accompanying product supplement

Trading day: as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Determination Date — Additional Defined Terms” on page PS-48 of the accompanying product supplement

Use of proceeds and hedging: as described under “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” on page PS-42 of the accompanying product supplement, as supplemented by “— Supplemental Use of Proceeds” below

Tax treatment: There is uncertainty regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the notes due to the lack of governing authority. You should review carefully the section entitled “United States Federal Taxation,” and in particular the subsection thereof entitled “— Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Program Securities Treated as Debt Instruments — Program Securities Treated as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments” in the accompanying prospectus supplement. Based on current market conditions, we intend to treat the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes as “contingent payment debt instruments.” Assuming this treatment is respected, as discussed in that subsection, unlike a traditional debt instrument that provides for periodic payments of interest at a single fixed rate, with respect to which a cash-method investor generally recognizes income only upon receipt of stated interest, you generally will be required to accrue original issue discount (“OID”) on your notes in each taxable year at the “comparable yield,” as determined by us, although we will not make any payment with respect to the notes until maturity. Upon sale or exchange (including at maturity), you will recognize taxable income or loss equal to the difference between the amount received from the sale or exchange and your adjusted basis in the note, which generally will equal the cost thereof, increased by the amount of OID you have accrued in respect of the note. You generally must treat any income as interest income and any loss as ordinary loss to the extent of previous interest inclusions, and the balance as capital loss. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Special rules may apply if the amount payable at maturity is treated as becoming fixed prior to maturity. You should consult your tax adviser concerning the application of these rules. The discussions herein and in the accompanying prospectus supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code. Purchasers who are not initial purchasers of notes at their issue price should consult their tax advisers with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in notes, including the treatment of the difference, if any, between the basis in their notes and the notes’ adjusted issue price.

Because our intended treatment of the notes as CPDIs is based on current market conditions, we may determine an alternative treatment is more appropriate based on circumstances at the time of pricing. Our ultimate determination will be binding on you, unless you properly disclose to the IRS an alternative treatment. Also, the IRS may challenge the treatment of the notes as CPDIs. If we determine not to treat the notes as CPDIs, or if the IRS successfully challenges the treatment of the notes as CPDIs, then the notes will be treated as debt instruments that are not CPDIs and, unless treated as issued with less than a specified de minimis amount of original issue discount, could (depending on the facts at the time of pricing) require the accrual of original issue discount as ordinary interest income based on a yield to maturity different from (and possibly higher than) the comparable yield. Accordingly, under this treatment, your annual taxable income from (and adjusted tax basis in) the notes could be higher or lower than if the notes were treated as CPDIs, and any loss recognized upon a disposition of the notes (including upon maturity) would be capital loss, the deductibility of which is subject to limitations. Accordingly, this alternative treatment could result in adverse tax consequences to you.

The discussions in the preceding paragraphs, when read in combination with the section entitled “United States Federal Taxation” (and in particular the subsection thereof entitled “— Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Program Securities Treated as Debt Instruments — Program Securities Treated as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments”) in the accompanying prospectus supplement, to the extent they reflect statements of law, constitute the full opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP regarding the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of the notes.

Comparable Yield and Projected Payment Schedule: We will determine the comparable yield for the notes and will provide that comparable yield and the related projected payment schedule (or information about how to obtain them) in the pricing supplement for the notes, which we will file with the SEC. The comparable yield for the notes will be determined based upon a variety of factors, including actual market conditions and our borrowing costs for debt instruments of comparable maturities at the time of issuance. The comparable yield and projected payment schedule are determined solely to calculate the amount on which you will be taxed with respect to the notes in each year and are neither a prediction nor a guarantee of what the actual yield will be.

ERISA: as described under “Benefit Plan Investor Considerations” on page PS-70 of the accompanying product supplement

Supplemental plan of distribution: as described under “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” on page PS-68 of the accompanying product supplement; we estimate that our share of the total offering expenses, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $ . We expect to agree to sell to JPMS, and JPMS expects to agree to purchase from us, the aggregate principal amount of the notes specified on the front cover of this pricing supplement. JPMS proposes initially to offer the notes to the public at the original issue price set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement, and to an unaffiliated dealer at that price and to pay that dealer a selling commission not in excess of 0.83% of the principal amount.

Conflicts of interest: JPMS has a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121 in any offering of the notes in which it participates because JPMorgan Chase & Co. owns, directly or indirectly, all of the outstanding equity securities of JPMS, because JPMS and we are under common control by JPMorgan Chase & Co. and because the net proceeds received from the sale of the notes will be used, in part, by JPMS or its affiliates in connection with hedging our obligations under the notes. The offering of the notes will comply with the requirements of Rule 5121 of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) regarding a FINRA member firm’s underwriting of securities of an affiliate. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, neither JPMS nor any other affiliated agent of ours may make sales in the offering of the notes to any of its discretionary accounts without the specific written approval of the customer.

FDIC: the notes are not bank deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

For purposes of the notes offered by this pricing supplement, all references to each of the following terms used in the accompanying product supplement will be deemed to refer to the corresponding term used in this pricing supplement, as set forth in the table below:

In addition, the following terms used in this pricing supplement are not defined in the accompanying product supplement: threshold settlement amount, cap level and threshold level. Accordingly, please refer to “Key Terms” on page PS-3 of this pricing supplement for the definitions of these terms.

The notes are not commodity futures contracts or swaps and are not regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (the “Commodity Exchange Act”). The notes are offered pursuant to an exemption from regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act, commonly known as the hybrid instrument exemption, that is available to securities that have one or more payments indexed to the value, level or rate of one or more commodities, as set out in section 2(f) of that statute. Accordingly, you are not afforded any protection provided by the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulation promulgated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

The estimated value of the notes when the terms of the notes are set, which we refer to as the estimated value of the notes, set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes. For additional information, see “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate” on page PS-15 of this pricing supplement. The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors, as well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is determined when the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that time. See “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Does Not Represent Future Values of the Notes and May Differ from Others’ Estimates” on page PS-14 of this pricing supplement.

The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions paid to JPMS and the unaffiliated dealer, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes, the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes and the fees, if any, paid for third-party data analytics and/or electronic platform services. Because hedging our

obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits realized in hedging our obligations under the notes, if any, may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging profits. A fee will also be paid to iCapital Markets LLC, an electronic platform in which an affiliate of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, who is acting as a dealer in connection with the distribution of the notes, holds an indirect minority equity interest, for services it is providing in connection with this offering. See “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price of the Notes” on page PS-14 of this pricing supplement.

For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will Be Impacted by Many Economic and Market Factors” on page PS-16 of this pricing supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over the period from the trade date through , (expected to be approximately three months after the trade date). The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as determined by our affiliates. See “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period” on page PS-15 of this pricing supplement.

The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the notes. See “Hypothetical Examples” on page PS-9 of this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return profile of the notes and “The Underlier” on page PS-19 of this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.

The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and the unaffiliated dealer, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the fees, if any, paid for third-party data analytics and/or electronic platform services.

The following table and chart are provided for purposes of illustration only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and are intended merely to illustrate the impact that the various hypothetical underlier levels on the determination date could have on the payment at maturity assuming all other variables remain constant.

The examples below are based on a range of final underlier levels that are entirely hypothetical; no one can predict what the underlier level will be on any day throughout the term of your notes, and no one can predict what the final underlier level will be on the determination date. The underlier has been highly volatile in the past — meaning that the underlier level has changed considerably in relatively short periods — and its performance cannot be predicted for any future period.

The information in the following examples reflects hypothetical rates of return on the offered notes assuming that they are purchased on the original issue date at the principal amount and held to the stated maturity date. If you sell your notes in a secondary market prior to the stated maturity date, your return will depend upon the market value of your notes at the time of sale, which may be affected by a number of factors that are not reflected in the table below, such as interest rates, the volatility of the underlier and our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness. In addition, the estimated value of the notes will be less than the original issue price. For more information on the estimated value of the notes, see “Summary Information — The Estimated Value of the Notes” on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement. The information in the table also reflects the key terms and assumptions in the box below.

Moreover, we have not yet set the initial underlier level that will serve as the baseline for determining the amount that we will pay on your notes at maturity. We will not do so until the trade date. As a result, the actual initial underlier level may differ substantially from the underlier level prior to the trade date.

For these reasons, the actual performance of the underlier over the term of your notes, as well as the amount payable at maturity may bear little relation to the hypothetical examples shown below or to the historical underlier levels shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement. For information about the historical levels of the underlier during recent periods, see “The Underlier — Historical Closing Levels of the Underlier” below. Before investing in the offered notes, you should consult publicly available information to determine the levels of the underlier between the date of this pricing supplement and the date of your purchase of the offered notes.

Also, the hypothetical examples shown below do not take into account the effects of applicable taxes. Because of the U.S. tax treatment applicable to your notes, tax liabilities could affect the after-tax rate of return on your notes to a comparatively greater extent than the after-tax return on the underlier stocks.

The levels in the left column of the table below represent hypothetical final underlier levels and are expressed as percentages of the initial underlier level. The amounts in the right column represent the

hypothetical payments at maturity, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level), and are expressed as percentages of the principal amount of a note (rounded to the nearest one-thousandth of a percent). Thus, a hypothetical payment at maturity of 100.000% means that the value of the cash payment that we would deliver for each $1,000 of the outstanding principal amount of the offered notes on the stated maturity date would equal 100.000% of the principal amount of a note, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level) and the assumptions noted above.

If, for example, the final underlier level were determined to be 25.000% of the initial underlier level, the payment that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be 100.000% of the principal amount of your notes, as shown in the table above. As a result, if you purchased your notes on the original issue date at the principal amount and held them to the stated maturity date, you would not receive any return on your investment. In addition, if the final underlier level were determined to be 150.000% of the initial underlier level, the payment that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be capped at the threshold settlement amount (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), or 107.440% of each $1,000 principal amount note, as shown in the table above. As a result, if you held your notes to the stated maturity date, you would not benefit from any increase in the final underlier level over 107.440% of the initial underlier level.

The following chart also shows a graphical illustration of the hypothetical payments at maturity (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount of your notes) that we would pay on your notes on the stated maturity date, if the final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level) were any of the hypothetical levels shown on the horizontal axis. The chart shows that any hypothetical final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level) of less than 80.000% (the section left of the 80.000% marker on the horizontal axis) would result in no return on your investment. The chart also shows that any hypothetical final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level) of greater than or equal to 80.000% (the section right of the 80.000% marker on the horizontal axis) would result in a capped return on your investment.

The payments at maturity shown above are entirely hypothetical; they are based on closing levels for the underlier that may not be achieved on the determination date and on assumptions that may prove to be erroneous. The actual market value of your notes on the stated maturity date or at any other time, including any time you may wish to sell your notes, may bear little relation to the hypothetical payments at maturity shown above, and these amounts should not be viewed as an indication of the financial return on an investment in the offered notes. The hypothetical payments at maturity on notes held to the stated maturity date in the examples above assume you purchased your notes at their principal amount and have not been adjusted to reflect the actual price you pay for your notes. The return on your investment (whether positive or zero) in your notes will be affected by the amount you pay for your notes. If you purchase your notes for a price other than the principal amount, the return on your investment will differ from, and may be significantly lower than, the hypothetical returns suggested by the above examples. Please read “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will Be Impacted by Many Economic and Market Factors” on page PS-16 of this pricing supplement.

The hypothetical returns on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term. These hypotheticals do not reflect fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the secondary market. If these fees and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns shown above would likely be lower.

We cannot predict the actual final underlier level or what the market value of your notes will be on any particular day, nor can we predict the relationship between the underlier level and the market value of your notes at any time prior to the stated maturity date. The actual amount that you will receive at maturity and the rate of return on the offered notes will depend on the actual initial underlier level, cap level and threshold settlement amount we will provide in the final pricing supplement and the actual final underlier level determined by the calculation agent as described above. Moreover, the assumptions on which the hypothetical returns are based may turn out to be inaccurate. Consequently, the amount of cash to be paid in respect of your notes on the stated maturity date may be very different from the information reflected in the table and chart above.

An investment in your notes is subject to the risks described below, as well as the risks described under the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement. Your notes are a riskier investment than ordinary debt securities. Also, your notes are not equivalent to investing directly in the underlier or the underlier commodity, i.e., the commodity underlying the underlier to which your notes are linked. You should carefully consider whether the offered notes are suited to your particular circumstances.

If the final underlier level is less than the threshold level, you will receive only the principal amount of your notes at maturity, and you will not be compensated for any loss in value due to inflation and other factors relating to the value of money over time. Also, the market price of your notes prior to the stated maturity date may be significantly lower than the purchase price you pay for your notes. Consequently, if you sell your notes before the stated maturity date, you may receive far less than the amount of your investment in the notes.

Your Maximum Gain on the Notes Is Limited to the Threshold Settlement Amount

If the final underlier level is greater than or equal to 80.00% of the initial underlier level, for each $1,000 principal amount note, you will receive at maturity a payment that will not exceed the threshold settlement amount, regardless of any appreciation in the underlier, which may be significant. Accordingly, the amount payable on your notes may be significantly less than it would have been had you invested directly in the underlier. The threshold settlement amount will be provided in the final pricing supplement and is expected to be between $1,074.40 and $1,087.50.

The Notes Are Subject to the Credit Risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.

The notes are subject to our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s credit risks, and our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s credit ratings and credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the notes. Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.

As a Finance Subsidiary, JPMorgan Financial Has No Independent Activities and Has Limited Assets

As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent activities beyond the issuance and administration of our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase & Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not an operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more information, see “Risk Factors — Holders of securities issued by JPMorgan Financial may be subject to losses if JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to enter into a resolution” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.

As a holder of the notes, you will not receive interest payments. As a result, even if the amount payable for your notes on the stated maturity date exceeds the principal amount of your notes, the overall return you earn on your notes may be less than you would have earned by investing in a non-commodity futures contract-linked debt security of comparable maturity that bears interest at a prevailing market rate. In addition, as a holder of the notes, you will not have ownership or other rights with respect to the underlier or the underlier commodity that holders of the underlier or owners of the underlier commodity would have. The return on your notes will not reflect the return you would realize if you actually purchased WTI crude oil futures contracts or exchange-traded or over-the-counter instruments based on WTI crude oil futures contracts.

Upon the occurrence of a commodity hedging disruption event, we may, in our sole and absolute discretion, accelerate the payment on your notes and pay you an amount determined in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner by the calculation agent. A commodity hedging disruption event means there is an occurrence of legal or regulatory changes that the calculation agent determines have interfered with our or our affiliates’ ability to hedge our obligations under the notes or for any other reason we or our affiliates are unable to enter into or maintain hedge positions that the calculation agent deems necessary to hedge our obligations under the notes. If the payment on your notes is accelerated, your investment may result in a loss, and you may not be able to reinvest your money in a comparable investment. Please see “General Terms of Notes — Consequences of a Commodity Hedging Disruption Event” on Page PS-49 in the accompanying product supplement for more information.

We May Sell an Additional Aggregate Principal Amount of the Notes at a Different Issue Price

At our sole option, we may decide to sell an additional aggregate principal amount of the notes subsequent to the date of this pricing supplement. The issue price of the notes in the subsequent sale may differ substantially (higher or lower) from the original issue price you paid as provided on the cover of this pricing supplement.

If You Purchase Your Notes at a Premium to the Principal Amount, the Return on Your Investment Will Be Lower Than the Return on Notes Purchased at the Principal Amount and the Impact of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively Affected

The amount you will be paid for your notes on the stated maturity date will not be adjusted based on the price you pay for the notes. If you purchase notes at a price that differs from the principal amount of the notes, then the return on your investment in the notes held to the stated maturity date will differ from, and may be substantially less than, the return on notes purchased at the principal amount. If you purchase your notes at a premium to the principal amount and hold them to the stated maturity date, the return on your investment in the notes will be lower than it would have been had you purchased the notes at the principal amount or a discount to the principal amount. In addition, the impact of the threshold level and the cap level on the return on your investment will depend upon the price you pay for your notes relative to the principal amount. For example, if you purchase your notes at a premium to the principal amount, the cap level will permit only a lower percentage increase in your investment in the notes than would have been the case for notes purchased at the principal amount or a discount to the principal amount. Similarly, the threshold level, while still providing an increase in the return on the notes if the final underlier level is greater than or equal to the threshold level but less than the cap level, will allow a greater chance for receiving no return on your investment in the notes than would have been the case for notes purchased at the principal amount or a discount to the principal amount.

The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. JPMS intends to offer to purchase the notes in the secondary market but is not required to do so. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the notes easily. Because other dealers are not likely to make a secondary market for the notes, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes.

The Final Terms and Valuation of the Notes Will Be Provided in the Final Pricing Supplement

The final terms of the notes will be based on relevant market conditions when the terms of the notes are set and will be provided in the final pricing supplement. In particular, each of the estimated value of the notes, the cap level and the threshold settlement amount will be provided in the final pricing supplement and each may be as low as the applicable minimum set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement or under “Summary Information — Key Terms,” as applicable. In addition, the trade date and the original issue date will be provided in the final pricing supplement. Each of the trade date and the original issue date may be as early as the earlier end of the applicable range and as late as the later end of the applicable range set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement. Accordingly, you should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes, the cap level and the threshold settlement amount and the full ranges for the trade date and the original issue date.

We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the issuance of the notes, including acting as calculation agent and as an agent of the offering of the notes, hedging our obligations under the notes and making the assumptions used to determine the pricing of the notes and the estimated value of the notes. Also, the distributor from which you purchase the notes may conduct hedging activities for us in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s economic interests, the economic interests of any distributor performing such duties and the economic interests of the calculation agent and other affiliates of ours are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. In addition, our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s business activities, and the business activities of any distributor from which you purchase the notes, including hedging and trading activities, could cause our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s economic interests to be adverse to yours and could adversely affect any payment on the notes and the value of the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the value of the notes declines. If the distributor from which you purchase notes is to conduct hedging activities for us in connection with the notes, that distributor may profit in connection with such hedging activities and such profit, if any, will be in addition to the compensation that the distributor receives for the sale of the notes to you. You should be aware that the potential to earn fees in connection with hedging activities may create a further incentive for the distributor to sell the notes to you in addition to the compensation they would receive for the sale of the notes. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” on page PS-17 of the accompanying product supplement for additional information about these risks.

The Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price of the Notes

The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes, the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes and the fees, if any, paid for third-party data analytics and/or electronic platform services. See “Summary Information — The Estimated Value of the Notes” on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement.

The Estimated Value of the Notes Does Not Represent Future Values of the Notes and May Differ from Others’ Estimates

The estimated value of the notes is determined by reference to internal pricing models of our affiliates when the terms of the notes are set. This estimated value of the notes is based on market conditions and other relevant factors existing at that time and assumptions about market parameters, which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors. Different pricing models and assumptions could

provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions. See “Summary Information — The Estimated Value of the Notes” on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement.

The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate

The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes. See “Summary Information — The Estimated Value of the Notes” on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement.

The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period

We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs, our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and the fees paid for third-party data analytics and/or electronic platform services. See “Summary Information — Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” on page PS-8 of this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period. Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).

Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will Likely Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price of the Notes

Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and, also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging costs and fees, if any, paid for third-party data analytics and/or electronic platform services that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Furthermore, if you sell your notes, you will likely be charged a commission for secondary market transactions, or the price will likely reflect a dealer discount and/or fees for use of an electronic platform to facilitate secondary market activity. Any sale by you prior to the maturity date could result in a substantial loss to you. See the immediately following risk consideration for information about additional factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes.

The notes are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity. See “— Risks Relating to the Notes Generally — Lack of Liquidity” on page PS-13 of this pricing supplement.

Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will Be Impacted by Many Economic and Market Factors

The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging costs and the level of the underlier, including:

Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market.

Commodity Futures Contracts Are Subject to Uncertain Legal and Regulatory Regimes

Commodity futures contracts are subject to legal and regulatory regimes that may change in ways that could adversely affect our ability to hedge our obligations under the notes and affect the value of the underlying commodity futures contract. Any future regulatory changes may have a substantial adverse effect on the value of your notes. Additionally, in October 2020, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission adopted rules to establish revised or new position limits on 25 agricultural, metals and energy commodity derivatives contracts. The limits apply to a person’s combined position in the specified 25 futures contracts and options on futures (“core referenced futures contracts”), futures and options on futures directly or indirectly linked to the core referenced futures contracts, and economically equivalent swaps. These rules came into effect on January 1, 2022 for covered futures and options on futures contracts and on January 1, 2023 for covered swaps. The rules may reduce liquidity in the exchange-traded market for those commodity-based futures contracts, which may, in turn, have an adverse effect on any payments on the notes. Furthermore, we or our affiliates may be unable as a result of those restrictions to effect transactions necessary to hedge our obligations under the notes resulting in a commodity hedging disruption event, in which case we may, in our sole and absolute discretion, accelerate the payment on your notes. See “— Risks Relating to the Notes Generally — We May Accelerate Your Notes If a Commodity Hedging Disruption Event Occurs” above.

Prices of Commodity Futures Contracts Are Characterized by High and Unpredictable Volatility

Market prices of commodity futures contracts tend to be highly volatile and may fluctuate rapidly based on numerous factors, including the factors that affect the price of the commodity underlying the commodity futures contract. See “— The Market Price of WTI Crude Oil Will Affect the Value of the Notes” below. The price of the commodity futures contracts is subject to variables that may be less significant to the values of traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. These variables may create additional investment risks that cause the value of the notes to be more volatile than the values of traditional securities. As a general matter, the risk of low liquidity or volatile pricing around the maturity date of a

commodity futures contract is greater than in the case of other futures contracts because (among other factors) a number of market participants take physical delivery of the underlying commodities. Many commodities are also highly cyclical. The high volatility and cyclical nature of commodity markets may render such an investment inappropriate as the focus of an investment portfolio.

Because the notes are linked to the performance of the closing level of the underlier, we expect that generally the market value of the notes will depend in part on the market price of WTI crude oil. The price of WTI crude oil is primarily affected by the global demand for and supply of crude oil, but is also influenced significantly from time to time by speculative actions and by currency exchange rates. Crude oil prices are volatile and subject to dislocation. Demand for refined petroleum products by consumers, as well as the agricultural, manufacturing and transportation industries, affects the price of crude oil. Crude oil’s end-use as a refined product is often as transport fuel, industrial fuel and in-home heating fuel. Potential for substitution in most areas exists, although considerations, including relative cost, often limit substitution levels. Because the precursors of demand for petroleum products are linked to economic activity, demand will tend to reflect economic conditions. Demand is also influenced by government regulations, such as environmental or consumption policies. The increasing demand for renewable energy may also influence long-term crude oil prices. In addition to general economic activity and demand, prices for crude oil are affected by political events, labor activity and, in particular, direct government intervention (such as embargos) or supply disruptions in major oil producing regions of the world. These events tend to affect oil prices worldwide, regardless of the location of the event. Supply for crude oil may increase or decrease depending on many factors. These include production decisions by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and other crude oil producers. Crude oil prices are determined with significant influence by OPEC. OPEC has the potential to influence oil prices worldwide because its members possess a significant portion of the world’s oil supply. In the event of sudden disruptions in the supplies of oil, such as those caused by wars and armed conflicts, natural events, accidents or acts of terrorism, prices of oil futures contracts could become extremely volatile and unpredictable. Also, sudden and dramatic changes in the futures market may occur, for example, upon a cessation of hostilities that may exist in countries producing oil, the introduction of new or previously withheld supplies into the market or the introduction of substitute products or commodities. Crude oil prices may also be affected by short-term changes in supply and demand because of trading activities in the oil market and seasonality (e.g., weather conditions such as hurricanes). It is not possible to predict the aggregate effect of all or any combination of these factors.

A Decision by the NYMEX to Increase Margin Requirements for WTI Crude Oil Futures Contracts May Affect the Closing Level

If the NYMEX increases the amount of collateral required to be posted to hold positions in the futures contracts on WTI crude oil (i.e., the margin requirements), market participants who are unwilling or unable to post additional collateral may liquidate their positions, which may cause the closing level to decline significantly.

The closing level of the underlier reflects the price of a futures contract, not a physical commodity (or its spot price). The price of a futures contract reflects the expected value of the commodity upon delivery in the future, whereas the spot price of a commodity reflects the immediate delivery value of the commodity. A variety of factors can lead to a disparity between the expected future price of a commodity and the spot price at a given point in time, such as the cost of storing the commodity for the term of the futures contract, interest charges incurred to finance the purchase of the commodity and expectations concerning supply and demand for the commodity. The price movements of a futures contract are typically correlated with the movements of the spot price of the referenced commodity, but the correlation is generally imperfect and price movements in the spot market may not be reflected in the futures market (and vice versa). Accordingly, the notes may underperform a similar investment that is linked only to commodity spot prices.

Single Commodity Futures Contract Prices Tend to Be More Volatile Than, and May Not Correlate With, the Prices of Commodities Generally

The notes are not linked to a diverse basket of commodities, commodity futures contracts or a broad-based commodity index. The closing levels of the underlier may not correlate to the price of commodities or commodity futures contracts generally and may diverge significantly from the prices of commodities or commodity futures contracts generally. Because the notes are linked to a single commodity futures contract, they carry greater risk and may be more volatile than securities linked to the prices of multiple commodities or commodity futures contracts or a broad-based commodity index.

Suspension or Disruptions of Market Trading in the Commodity Markets and Related Futures Markets May Adversely Affect the Closing Level, and Therefore the Value of the Notes

The commodity markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to various factors, including the lack of liquidity in the markets, the participation of speculators and government regulation and intervention. In addition, U.S. futures exchanges and some foreign exchanges have regulations that limit the amount of fluctuation in futures contract prices that may occur during a single day. These limits are generally referred to as “daily price fluctuation limits” and the maximum or minimum price of a contract on any given day as a result of these limits is referred to as a “limit price.” Once the limit price has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made at a different price. Limit prices have the effect of precluding trading in a particular contract or forcing the liquidation of contracts at disadvantageous times or prices. These circumstances could adversely affect the closing level of the underlier and, therefore, the value of your notes.

Crude oil is used as a refined product primarily as transport fuel, industrial fuel and in-home heating fuel. The closing level to which the return on the notes is linked is based on, on any day, the official settlement price per barrel on the NYMEX of the first nearby month futures contract for WTI crude oil, stated in U.S. dollars, provided that if that day falls on the last trading day of such futures contract (all pursuant to the rules of the NYMEX), then the second nearby month futures contract, as made public by the NYMEX and displayed on Bloomberg under the symbol “CL1” or “CL2,” as applicable, on that day. For additional information about the underlier, see the information set forth under “The Underlyings — Commodity Futures Contracts” on page PS-60 in the accompanying product supplement.

A commodity futures contract is an agreement either to buy or sell a set amount of a physical commodity at a predetermined price and delivery period (which is generally referred to as “delivery month”), or to make and receive a cash payment based on changes in the price of the commodity. Generally speaking, the return on an investment in commodity futures contracts is correlated with, but different from, the return on buying and holding physical commodities. The WTI crude oil futures contract is a commodity futures contract on the physical commodity traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

Why Is the Underlier a Commodity Futures Contract and Not a Physical Commodity?

While holding an inventory of physical commodities may have certain economic benefits (for example, a refinery could use a reserve of crude oil for the continuation of its operations), it also poses administrative burdens and costs, including those arising from the need to store or transport physical commodities. These requirements and costs may prove unattractive to investors who are interested solely in the price movement of commodities. Commodity futures contracts permit an investor to obtain exposure to the prices of commodities without directly incurring these requirements and costs. However, an investor in commodity futures contracts can be indirectly exposed to these costs, which may be reflected in the prices of the commodity futures contracts and therefore in the prices of the underlier. In addition, the fact that commodity futures contracts have publicly available prices allows calculation of the prices of the underlier based on these prices. The use of commodity futures contracts, therefore, allows investors to separate the exposure to price changes from the requirements and costs of ownership of the physical commodity, and thus allows participation in the upside and downside movement of commodity prices independently of the physical commodity itself. However, investing in securities linked to a commodity futures contract is not the same as investing in securities linked directly to the physical commodity underlying the commodity futures contract, as the price of a commodity futures contract may not track the price of its underlying physical commodity.

With Respect to the Underlier, If the Price of the Physical Commodity Goes Up, Will the Price of the Commodity Futures Contract, Therefore, Also Go Up?

Not necessarily. Your notes are linked to the performance of the underlier, rather than the individual physical commodity itself. Changes in the price of a commodity futures contract should generally track changes in the price of the underlying physical commodity, but, as described above under “Why Is the Underlier a Commodity Futures Contract and Not a Physical Commodity?”, the prices of commodity futures contracts might from time to time move in ways or to an extent that differ from movements in physical commodity prices. Therefore, you may observe prices of the physical commodity going up and the price of the underlier (i.e., the physical commodity’s futures contract) not changing in the same way. See “Selected Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Underlier — The Notes Do Not Offer Direct Exposure to Commodity Spot Prices” in this pricing supplement.

The “first nearby” futures contract refers to the futures contract next scheduled for settlement or delivery that is still available for trading. The trading of the WTI crude oil futures contract for delivery of WTI crude oil in a given month generally will cease three business days prior to the twenty-fifth calendar day of the

month prior to the contract month. If the twenty-fifth calendar day of the month is not a business day, trading terminates four business days prior to the 25th calendar day of the month prior to the contract month.

The closing level of the underlier has fluctuated in the past and may, in the future, experience significant fluctuations. Any historical upward or downward trend in the closing level of the underlier during any period shown below is not an indication that the underlier is more or less likely to increase or decrease at any time during the term of your notes.

You should not take the historical levels of the underlier as an indication of the future performance of the underlier. We cannot give you any assurance that the future performance of the underlier or the underlier commodity will result in a positive return on your initial investment on the stated maturity date. In light of the increased volatility currently being experienced by the commodity sector and U.S. and global commodity markets, and recent market declines, it may be substantially more likely that you would receive no return on your investment in the notes.

Neither we nor any of our affiliates make any representation to you as to the performance of the underlier. The actual performance of the underlier over the term of the offered notes, as well as the amount payable at maturity, may bear little relation to the historical levels shown below.

The graph below shows the closing levels of the underlier on each day from January 4, 2021 through September 8, 2026. The closing level of the underlier on September 8, 2026 was $93.03. We obtained the closing levels shown above and in the graph below from the Bloomberg Professional^® service (“Bloomberg”), without independent verification.

Hypothetical Final Underlier Level (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Payment at Maturity (as Percentage of Principal Amount)
150.000%	107.440%
140.000%	107.440%
130.000%	107.440%
120.000%	107.440%
110.000%	107.440%
107.440%	107.440%
105.000%	107.440%
102.500%	107.440%
100.000%	107.440%
95.000%	107.440%
90.000%	107.440%
80.000%	107.440%
79.990%	100.000%
75.000%	100.000%
50.000%	100.000%
25.000%	100.000%
0.000%	100.000%

Product Supplement Term	Pricing Supplement Term
Commodity Futures Contract	underlier
Initial Value	initial underlier level
Final Value	final underlier level
pricing date	trade date
maturity date	stated maturity date
Contract Price	closing level
term sheet	preliminary pricing supplement

Key Terms and Assumptions
Principal amount	$1,000
Cap level	107.44% of the initial underlier level
Threshold settlement amount	$1,074.40
Threshold level	80.00% of the initial underlier level
Neither a market disruption event nor a non-trading day occurs on the originally scheduled determination date and a commodity hedging disruption event has not occurred. During the term of the notes, trading in the underlier is not discontinued, the method of calculating the closing level does not change in any material respect and the reporting of the closing level is not modified so that it does not, in the opinion of the calculation agent, fairly represent the level of the underlier had those modifications not been made. Notes purchased on original issue date at the principal amount and held to the stated maturity date