The Company invests in money market funds, U.S. Treasury and government agency debt securities; all marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair value, with unrealized changes in fair value reflected in the other comprehensive income in the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders' equity.

As of July 31, 2026, all marketable securities held by the Company had remaining contractual maturities of one year or less.

As of July 31, 2026, the Company held 59 securities, 52 of which, with an aggregate fair value of $136.1 million, were in an unrealized loss position. All investments in an unrealized loss position were in this position for less than 12 months except for one security that has sustained an unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months; the unrealized loss on this security is immaterial, representing less than 1% of its total value. There has been no change in the credit risk of such securities during the three and nine months ended July 31, 2026. The Company does not intend to sell its investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company

will be required to sell the securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis of its debt securities. No allowance for credit losses was recorded as of July 31, 2026 because the decline in fair value below amortized cost is not related to credit losses. Securities are evaluated at the end of each reporting period for evidence of the credit-related impairment. The unrealized losses on U.S. treasury and government agency securities range from 0-1% of their amortized cost.

As of October 31, 2025, all marketable securities held by the Company had remaining contractual maturities of one year or less, except for certain government agency securities that had maturities of one to two years.

As of October 31, 2025, the Company held 50 securities, 14 of which, with an aggregate fair value of $55.9 million, were in unrealized loss position. All investments in an unrealized loss position were in this position for less than 12 months. The Company does not intend to sell its investments before recovery of the amortized cost basis of its debt securities at maturity and no allowance for credit losses was recorded as of October 31, 2025 because the decline in fair value below amortized cost is not related to credit losses. Securities are evaluated at the end of each reporting period. The unrealized losses on U.S. Treasury and government agency securities range from 0-1% of their amortized cost.

Accrued interest receivable on the Company's marketable securities totaled $1.9 million and $1.3 million as of July 31, 2026 and October 31, 2025, respectively, and was presented within prepaids and other current assets on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. No accrued interest receivable was written off during the three and nine months ended July 31, 2026 and 2025.

There were no material realized gains or losses recognized related to available-for-sale securities during the three and nine months ended July 31, 2026 and 2025.