<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:01a04366-4d3c-7331-851d-7a5a2771f750,g:6a4f8646-3372-4219-8981-718a3db77009-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.peabodyenergy.com/role/CoverPage" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="btu-20260827.xsd#CoverPage"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.peabodyenergy.com/role/CoverPage" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_01a04366-4d3c-779b-bae0-0521488a5d6f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_01a04366-4d3c-779b-bae0-0521488a5d6f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_01a04366-4d3c-7eca-a3c4-9c1e82ebcadb" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_01a04366-4d3c-7eca-a3c4-9c1e82ebcadb" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_01a04366-4d3c-76d0-a4d3-8346200270af" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_01a04366-4d3c-76d0-a4d3-8346200270af" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_01a04366-4d3c-7c8c-85c6-842da5da1bb5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_01a04366-4d3c-7c8c-85c6-842da5da1bb5" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_01a04366-4d3c-7c05-a343-cfe7cfcd4de1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_01a04366-4d3c-7c05-a343-cfe7cfcd4de1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_01a04366-4d3c-7389-837c-591cefb291b8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_01a04366-4d3c-7389-837c-591cefb291b8" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_01a04366-4d3c-7520-a538-81328e918ad2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_01a04366-4d3c-7520-a538-81328e918ad2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_01a04366-4d3c-70ce-ba5b-95ac9044da22" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_01a04366-4d3c-70ce-ba5b-95ac9044da22" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_01a04366-4d3c-795e-a503-57ef145567f7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_01a04366-4d3c-795e-a503-57ef145567f7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_01a04366-4d3c-76f2-ae21-cefed56916bd" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_01a04366-4d3c-76f2-ae21-cefed56916bd" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_01a04366-4d3c-70b8-8999-9c7af128357b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_01a04366-4d3c-70b8-8999-9c7af128357b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_01a04366-4d3c-7020-898b-144dfbf113c3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_01a04366-4d3c-7020-898b-144dfbf113c3" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_01a04366-4d3c-752f-a63e-94f03c8b1506" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_01a04366-4d3c-752f-a63e-94f03c8b1506" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_01a04366-4d3c-7576-8b3b-d5e7cb6f175e" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_01a04366-4d3c-7576-8b3b-d5e7cb6f175e" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_01a04366-4d3c-757b-9ddf-791d5ea8058b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_01a04366-4d3c-757b-9ddf-791d5ea8058b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_01a04366-4d3c-7053-b2ed-c8101c6218af" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_01a04366-4d3c-7053-b2ed-c8101c6218af" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_01a04366-4d3c-77ee-a222-22f5b2da1298" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_01a04366-4d3c-77ee-a222-22f5b2da1298" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_01a04366-4d3c-7a39-acb8-ffb633b237d3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_01a04366-4d3c-7a39-acb8-ffb633b237d3" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_01a04366-4d3c-7f5b-9607-0fbdb6d16928" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_01a04366-4d3c-7f5b-9607-0fbdb6d16928" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_01a04366-4d3c-7ced-afb4-9b7bff634fa7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_01a04366-4d3c-7ced-afb4-9b7bff634fa7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_01a04366-4d3c-7fec-b211-28046ccc6ede" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_01a04366-4d3c-7fec-b211-28046ccc6ede" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_01a04366-4d3c-7a44-8ecc-215fb9c65ec5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_01a04366-4d3c-7a44-8ecc-215fb9c65ec5" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_01a04366-4d3c-740d-bda9-f27af9c2a161" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="23" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_01a04366-4d3c-7a66-b096-04e44523a1de" xlink:to="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_01a04366-4d3c-740d-bda9-f27af9c2a161" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
