Equity Securities Risk: The risks associated with investing in equity securities of companies include the financial risk of selecting individual companies that do not perform as anticipated, the risk that the stock markets in which the Fund invests may experience periods of turbulence and instability, and the general risk that domestic and global economies may go through periods of decline and cyclical change. The price of equity securities can decline significantly in response to issuer, political, market, and economic developments including interest rate levels, political events, natural disasters and the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues.

Sector Risk: Sector risk is the possibility that all stocks within the same group of industries will decline in price due to sector-specific market or economic developments. The Fund may be overweight in certain sectors at various times.

Growth Stocks Risk: Growth-oriented stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than other stocks. The market prices of companies believed to have good prospects for revenues and earnings growth tend to reflect those expectations. When it appears those expectations will not be met, the prices of these securities typically fall. In addition, if the market does not come to share the Adviser’s assessment of an investment’s long-term growth, the Fund may underperform other mutual funds or stock indexes.

Concentration Risk: The Fund concentrates its investments in such issuers to the extent permitted by applicable regulatory guidance. Concentration risk results from maintaining exposure (long or short) to issuers conducting business in a specific industry. The risk of concentrating investments in a limited number of issuers in a particular industry is that the Fund will be more susceptible to the risks associated with that industry than a fund that does not concentrate its investments.

Distributed Ledger Technology (“DLT”) and Blockchain Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in companies listed on U.S. and Canadian exchanges that are engaged in the use of, or have exposure to, DLT and blockchain. The mechanics of using DLT, including blockchain, to transact in assets such as securities or derivatives, is relatively new and untested and there is no assurance that widespread adoption will occur. DLT and blockchain are subject to a rapidly-evolving regulatory landscape in the United States and in other countries, which might include security, privacy or other regulatory concerns that could negatively impact the companies in which the Fund invests. Companies in which the Fund invests may also be subject to the risk of fraud and cybersecurity threats and intellectual property claims. A significant disruption of Internet connectivity could impede the functionality of these technologies and could adversely affect the Fund.

Foreign Securities Risk: To the extent the Fund invests in securities of foreign (non-U.S.) companies, the Fund may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than a fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies, due to less liquid markets and adverse economic, political, diplomatic, financial, and regulatory factors. Foreign governments also may impose limits on investment and repatriation and impose taxes. Any of these events could cause the value of the Fund’s investments to decline.

Canadian Securities Risk: The Fund may invest in the securities of companies listed for trading in Canada. Investments in Canadian issuers may subject the Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security and economic risk specific to Canada. Among other things, the Canadian economy is heavily dependent on relationships with certain key trading partners, including the United States and China. The Canadian economy is sensitive to fluctuations in certain commodity markets.

Real Estate Securities and REITs Risk: Real estate investment trusts or “REITs” are issuers that invest in interests in real estate, including mortgages. Investing in REITs may subject the Fund to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including fluctuations in the value of underlying properties and defaults by borrowers or tenants. REITs may not be diversified and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and self-liquidation. REITs are also subject to the possibilities of failing to qualify for tax-free pass through of income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) and failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). REITs may have limited financial resources, trade less frequently and in a limited volume, and be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than more widely held securities.

Special Purpose Acquisition Company Risk. The Fund may invest in stock, rights, warrants, and other securities of special purpose acquisition companies or similar special purpose entities (collectively, “SPACs”). SPACs are often subject to extreme price volatility and speculative trading. SPACs may have little to no liquidity, and may trade at a discount to NAV. SPACs are “blank check” companies with no operating history. Accordingly, there is a limited basis, if any, on which to evaluate the SPAC’s ability to achieve its business objective, and the value of its securities is particularly dependent on the ability of the entity’s management to complete a profitable acquisition. The value of a SPAC’s securities can by highly volatile and may depreciate over time. A SPAC will not generate any revenues until, at the earliest, after the consummation of a transaction. Among other conflicts of interest, an investment in a SPAC may include the potential for misalignment of incentives in the structure of the SPAC.

Equity Securities Risk

The risks that could affect the value of the Fund’s shares and the total return on your investment include the possibility that the equity securities held by the Fund will experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value.

Foreign Securities Risk

The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by political, economic, social and religious instability; inadequate investor protection; changes in laws or regulations of countries in which the Fund invests, as well as broader regions; international relations with other nations; natural disasters; and corruption. War and other forms of armed conflict and terrorism may significantly affect the countries, markets, and companies in which the Fund invests, and may cause the Fund to incur losses.

Foreign companies not publicly traded in the U.S. are not subject to accounting and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those U.S. companies must meet. In addition, there may be less information publicly available about such companies. Some foreign companies may be located in countries with less developed legal and regulatory structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property. Some foreign issuers listed on U.S. exchanges may not fully comply with U.S. audit requirements, and may be delisted as a result. Foreign securities may be less liquid and more volatile than U.S. securities, which could affect the Fund’s investments.

In order to gain exposure to certain foreign issuers, the Fund may participate in market access mechanisms administered by the respective markets, which may be subject to quota controls, heightened liquidity risks and different settlement procedures than would typically be expected with respect to U.S. issuers. In certain markets where securities and other instruments are not traded “delivery versus payment,” the Fund may not receive timely payment for securities or other instruments it has delivered and may be subject to increased risk that the counterparty will fail to make payments when due or default completely.

Cash Balances Risk

The Fund’s cash balances may be held at accounts with the Fund’s custodian or utilized in cash sweep programs administered by the Fund’s custodian or another third party through which the Fund’s cash holdings are placed in onshore or offshore interest-bearing savings accounts or demand deposit accounts at various banks. All cash accounts, whether or not registered under the 1940 Act, carry certain risks, which may include absence of FDIC protection, lack of account segregation, bank failure risk, or, in the case of offshore vehicles, risk of sovereign actions which may result in the seizure or diminution of Fund assets.

Convertible Securities Risk

The Fund may invest in convertible preferred stocks, and convertible bonds and debentures. Many convertible securities issued by companies based in developing countries are not rated by rating agencies, or, if they are rated, they may be rated below investment grade (“junk bonds”), which may have a greater risk of default. Investing in a convertible security denominated in a currency different from that of the security into which it is convertible may expose the Fund to currency risk as well as risks associated with the level and volatility of the foreign exchange rate between the security’s currency and the underlying stock’s currency.

Developing Country Risk

The term “developing country” generally denotes countries and economies that are in the initial stages of industrialization, or where such industrialization is not yet complete. Such countries generally have lower per capita income compared to advanced economies. In addition to the risks of foreign securities in general, developing countries are generally more volatile and have relatively unstable governments. Compared to more developed countries, developing countries have social and legal systems that offer less protection to shareholders; economies that may be narrowly concentrated on a few industries; unstable and possibly elevated levels of inflation; potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies; opaque and unpredictable regulatory systems; and securities markets that are substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile, with less government oversight. Developing countries may be especially prone to currency-related risks and exposed to negative global economic shocks. Developing countries may be more vulnerable to natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, and internal and cross-border conflicts.

Growth Stock Risk

Growth stocks may be more sensitive to market movements and interest rate changes because their prices tend to reflect future investor expectations rather than just current profits. Growth stocks generally have above average growth potential, low dividends, and high prices relative to standard measures. Seeking earnings growth may result in significant investments in some sectors, including the technology sector, that may be subject to greater volatility than other sectors of the economy.

Issuer Focus Risk

The securities of certain issuers may from time to time constitute more than five percent (5%) of the Fund’s net assets. As a result, events affecting those issuers may have a greater impact on the Fund than on another fund that does not hold securities of such issuers to the same extent.

Region Emphasis Risk

The securities of companies in the same geographic region, if comprising a significant portion of the Fund’s portfolio, could react in some circumstances negatively to market conditions, interest rates, natural or other disasters, infectious disease, and economic, regulatory or financial developments and adversely affect the value of the portfolio to a greater extent than if such geographic region comprised a lesser portion of the Fund’s portfolio.

Sanctions Risk

Securities held by the Fund may become subject to sanctions and other restrictions that negatively impact their value and liquidity. Sanctioned securities may be suspended for extended periods of time or delisted altogether. If markets for these securities cease to operate or become inaccessible to foreign investors, the Fund may be forced to fair value sanctioned securities at low levels or write them off entirely.

Small-, Mid-, and Large-sized Companies Risk

The Fund’s investments in securities issued by small- and mid-sized companies, which can include companies offering emerging products or services, may involve greater risks than are customarily associated with larger, more established companies. Securities issued by small- and mid-sized companies tend to be more volatile and somewhat more speculative than securities issued by larger or more established companies and may underperform as compared to the securities of larger companies.

Companies with large market capitalizations may have less growth potential than smaller companies and may not be able to react as quickly to changes in the marketplace.

Equity Securities Risk

The risks that could affect the value of the Fund’s shares and the total return on your investment include the possibility that the equity securities held by the Fund will experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value.

Foreign Securities Risk

The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by political, economic, social and religious instability; inadequate investor protection; changes in laws or regulations of countries in which the Fund invests, as well as broader regions; international relations with other nations; natural disasters; and

corruption. War and other forms of armed conflict and terrorism may significantly affect the countries, markets, and companies in which the Fund invests, and may cause the Fund to incur losses.

Foreign companies not publicly traded in the U.S. are not subject to accounting and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those U.S. companies must meet. In addition, there may be less information publicly available about such companies. Some foreign companies may be located in countries with less developed legal and regulatory structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property. Some foreign issuers listed on U.S. exchanges may not fully comply with U.S. audit requirements, and may be delisted as a result. Foreign securities may be less liquid and more volatile than U.S. securities, which could affect the Fund’s investments.

In order to gain exposure to certain foreign issuers, the Fund may participate in market access mechanisms administered by the respective markets, which may be subject to quota controls, heightened liquidity risks and different settlement procedures than would typically be expected with respect to U.S. issuers. In certain markets where securities and other instruments are not traded “delivery versus payment,” the Fund may not receive timely payment for securities or other instruments it has delivered and may be subject to increased risk that the counterparty will fail to make payments when due or default completely.

Cash Balances Risk

The Fund’s cash balances may be held at accounts with the Fund’s custodian or utilized in cash sweep programs administered by the Fund’s custodian or another third party through which the Fund’s cash holdings are placed in onshore or offshore interest-bearing savings accounts or demand deposit accounts at various banks. All cash accounts, whether or not registered under the 1940 Act, carry certain risks, which may include absence of FDIC protection, lack of account segregation, bank failure risk, or, in the case of offshore vehicles, risk of sovereign actions which may result in the seizure or diminution of Fund assets.

Currency Risk

Changes in foreign currency exchange rates will affect the value of the Fund’s holdings and the Fund’s share price. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value against a foreign currency, an investment in that country loses value because that currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. Devaluation of a currency by a country’s government or banking authority also will have a significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. Some currencies in developing countries may not be internationally traded, or the currencies may be subject to a variety of controls imposed by local governments. Such restrictions and controls might result in undervalued or overvalued currencies; pronounced volatility in exchange rates; limited trading liquidity; or partial or total restrictions on exchange and repatriation.

Fixed Income Securities Risk

A rise in interest rates typically causes bond prices to fall. The longer the duration of the bonds held by a fund, the more sensitive it will likely be to interest rate fluctuations. Duration measures the weighted average term to maturity of a bond’s expected cash flows. Duration also represents the approximate percentage change that the price of a bond would experience for a 1% change in yield.

An issuer may not make all interest payments or repay all or any of the principal borrowed. If debt obligations held by the Fund are downgraded by ratings agencies or go into default, or if management action, legislation or other government action reduces the ability of issuers to pay principal and interest when due, the value of those debt obligations may decline and the Fund’s share value and any dividends paid by the Fund may be reduced.

Issuer Focus Risk

The securities of certain issuers may from time to time constitute more than five percent (5%) of the Fund’s net assets. As a result, events affecting those issuers may have a greater impact on the Fund than on another fund that does not hold securities of such issuers to the same extent.

Region Emphasis Risk

The securities of companies in the same geographic region, if comprising a significant portion of the Fund’s portfolio, could react in some circumstances negatively to market conditions, interest rates, natural or other disasters, infectious disease, and economic, regulatory or financial developments and

adversely affect the value of the portfolio to a greater extent than if such geographic region comprised a lesser portion of the Fund’s portfolio.

Sanctions Risk

Securities held by the Fund may become subject to sanctions and other restrictions that negatively impact their value and liquidity. Sanctioned securities may be suspended for extended periods of time or delisted altogether. If markets for these securities cease to operate or become inaccessible to foreign investors, the Fund may be forced to fair value sanctioned securities at low levels or write them off entirely.

Small-, Mid-, and Large-sized Companies Risk

The Fund’s investments in securities issued by small- and mid-sized companies, which can include companies offering emerging products or services, may involve greater risks than are customarily associated with larger, more established companies. Securities issued by small- and mid-sized companies tend to be more volatile and somewhat more speculative than securities issued by larger or more established companies and may underperform as compared to the securities of larger companies. Companies with large market capitalizations may have less growth potential than smaller companies and may not be able to react as quickly to changes in the marketplace.

Cash Positions Risk

When the Fund’s investments in cash or similar investments increase (which may occur in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions, or when the Adviser believes there are not sufficient investment opportunities that meet the Fund’s investment criteria), it may not participate in market advances or declines to the same extent that it would if the Fund remained more fully invested. Under such circumstances, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.