<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 6.5b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: +KIpo7xRiXgen8uAZHZcOaqIObPtxZ97qekhsmRwbQkq7y0kMnNq6iBJYJSWgeUA -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2026" xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2026" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" xmlns:ecd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2026" xmlns:cyd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/2026" xmlns:currency="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2026" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:avxl="http://anavex.com/20250930" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://anavex.com/20250930">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/Cover" id="Cover">
          <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/BalanceSheets" id="BalanceSheets">
          <link:definition>00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" id="BalanceSheetsParenthetical">
          <link:definition>00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/StatementsOfOperationsAndComprehensiveLoss" id="StatementsOfOperationsAndComprehensiveLoss">
          <link:definition>00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" id="StatementsOfCashFlows">
          <link:definition>00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/StatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquity" id="StatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquity">
          <link:definition>00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentation" id="BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentation">
          <link:definition>999014 - Disclosure - Business Description and Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies">
          <link:definition>999015 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/AccruedLiabilities" id="AccruedLiabilities">
          <link:definition>999016 - Disclosure - Accrued Liabilities</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/OtherIncome" id="OtherIncome">
          <link:definition>999017 - Disclosure - Other Income</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/EquityOfferings" id="EquityOfferings">
          <link:definition>999018 - Disclosure - Equity Offerings</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" id="CommitmentsAndContingencies">
          <link:definition>999019 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/IncomeTaxes" id="IncomeTaxes">
          <link:definition>999020 - Disclosure - Income Taxes</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SegmentedInformation" id="SegmentedInformation">
          <link:definition>999021 - Disclosure - Segmented Information</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SubsequentEvents" id="SubsequentEvents">
          <link:definition>999022 - Disclosure - Subsequent Events</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
          <link:definition>999023 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/AccruedLiabilitiesTables" id="AccruedLiabilitiesTables">
          <link:definition>999024 - Disclosure - Accrued Liabilities (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesTables" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesTables">
          <link:definition>999025 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/IncomeTaxesTables" id="IncomeTaxesTables">
          <link:definition>999026 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SegmentedInformationTables" id="SegmentedInformationTables">
          <link:definition>999027 - Disclosure - Segmented Information (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>999028 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/AccruedLiabilitiesDetails" id="AccruedLiabilitiesDetails">
          <link:definition>999029 - Disclosure - Accrued Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/OtherIncomeDetailsNarrative" id="OtherIncomeDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>999030 - Disclosure - Other Income (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/EquityOfferingsDetailsNarrative" id="EquityOfferingsDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>999031 - Disclosure - Equity Offerings (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails">
          <link:definition>999032 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails1" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails1">
          <link:definition>999033 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details 1)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails2" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails2">
          <link:definition>999034 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details 2)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails3" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails3">
          <link:definition>999035 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details 3)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails4" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails4">
          <link:definition>999036 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details 4)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails5" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetails5">
          <link:definition>999037 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details 5)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>999038 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails" id="IncomeTaxesDetails">
          <link:definition>999039 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails1" id="IncomeTaxesDetails1">
          <link:definition>999040 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details 1)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails2" id="IncomeTaxesDetails2">
          <link:definition>999041 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details 2)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" id="IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>999042 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://anavex.com/role/SegmentedInformationDetails" id="SegmentedInformationDetails">
          <link:definition>999043 - Disclosure - Segmented Information (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="avxl-20250930_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="avxl-20250930_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="avxl-20250930_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Calculation Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="avxl-20250930_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Definition Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-types-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026/country-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/2026/cyd-2026.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2026/currency-2026.xsd" />
    <element id="avxl_MichaelJFoxFoundationMember" name="MichaelJFoxFoundationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_PurchaseAgreement2023Member" name="PurchaseAgreement2023Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" name="LincolnParkCapitalFundLLCMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommonStockIncludingCommitmentSharesMember" name="CommonStockIncludingCommitmentSharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommonStockExcludingCommitmentSharesMember" name="CommonStockExcludingCommitmentSharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommitmentSharesMember" name="CommitmentSharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_BoardMember" name="BoardMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ChiefExecutiveOfficer1Member" name="ChiefExecutiveOfficer1Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ChiefExecutiveOffice1rMember" name="ChiefExecutiveOffice1rMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_StockOptionPlan2015Member" name="StockOptionPlan2015Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_StockOptionPlan2019Member" name="StockOptionPlan2019Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_StockOptionPlan2022Member" name="StockOptionPlan2022Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OptionPrice1Member" name="OptionPrice1Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OptionPrice2Member" name="OptionPrice2Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OptionPrice3Member" name="OptionPrice3Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OptionPrice4Member" name="OptionPrice4Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OptionPrice5Member" name="OptionPrice5Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" name="GeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesMember" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_FederalMember" name="FederalMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_PreclinicalStudiesMember" name="PreclinicalStudiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ClinicalTrialsMember" name="ClinicalTrialsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_PersonnelCostsMember" name="PersonnelCostsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_NonCashShareBasedCompensationMember" name="NonCashShareBasedCompensationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentCostsMember" name="OtherResearchAndDevelopmentCostsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_NonOperatingIncomeFromGrants" name="NonOperatingIncomeFromGrants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentiveIncome" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentiveIncome" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OtherFinancingExpense" name="OtherFinancingExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_EarningPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" name="EarningPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_NoncashFinancingRelatedCharges" name="NoncashFinancingRelatedCharges" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DeferredGrantIncome" name="DeferredGrantIncome" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_IssuanceOfCommonSharesNetOfShareIssueCosts" name="IssuanceOfCommonSharesNetOfShareIssueCosts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CashPaidForStateAndLocalFranchiseTaxes" name="CashPaidForStateAndLocalFranchiseTaxes" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommonStockIssuedUponCashlessExerciseOfStockOptions" name="CommonStockIssuedUponCashlessExerciseOfStockOptions" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedUnderSalesAgreement" name="SharesIssuedUnderSalesAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedUnderSalesAgreementShares" name="SharesIssuedUnderSalesAgreementShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedUnderPurchaseAgreement" name="SharesIssuedUnderPurchaseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_InitialCommitmentShares" name="InitialCommitmentShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_InitialCommitmentSharesShares" name="InitialCommitmentSharesShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommitmentShares" name="CommitmentShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommitmentSharesShares" name="CommitmentSharesShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedPursuantToExerciseOfStockOptions" name="SharesIssuedPursuantToExerciseOfStockOptions" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedPursuantToExerciseOfStockOptionsShares" name="SharesIssuedPursuantToExerciseOfStockOptionsShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedPursuantToCashlessExerciseOfStockOptions" name="SharesIssuedPursuantToCashlessExerciseOfStockOptions" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesIssuedPursuantToCashlessExerciseOfStockOptionsShares" name="SharesIssuedPursuantToCashlessExerciseOfStockOptionsShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesWithheldRelatedToCashlessExerciseOfStockOption" name="SharesWithheldRelatedToCashlessExerciseOfStockOption" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_SharesWithheldRelatedToCashlessExerciseOfStockOptionShares" name="SharesWithheldRelatedToCashlessExerciseOfStockOptionShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DisclosureAccruedLiabilitiesAbstract" name="DisclosureAccruedLiabilitiesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_AccuredLiabilitiesTextBlock" name="AccuredLiabilitiesTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DisclosureOtherIncomeAbstract" name="DisclosureOtherIncomeAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OtherIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" name="OtherIncomeDisclosureTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DisclosureEquityOfferingsAbstract" name="DisclosureEquityOfferingsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_EquityOfferingTextBlock" name="EquityOfferingTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_LicenseFeesPolicyTextBlock" name="LicenseFeesPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_GrantIncomePolicyTextBlock" name="GrantIncomePolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_RecentAccountingPronouncementsPolicyTextBlock" name="RecentAccountingPronouncementsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentWeightedAverageValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentWeightedAverageValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_AccruedInvestigatorPayments" name="AccruedInvestigatorPayments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_MilestoneBasedContractAccruals" name="MilestoneBasedContractAccruals" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_TotalAccruedLiabilities" name="TotalAccruedLiabilities" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ResearchAndDevelopmentArrangementContractToPerformForOthersCompensationEarned1" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentArrangementContractToPerformForOthersCompensationEarned1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_NonOperatingIncomeFromGrant" name="NonOperatingIncomeFromGrant" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DeferredGrantIncome1" name="DeferredGrantIncome1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ValueOfSharesObligatedToPurchase" name="ValueOfSharesObligatedToPurchase" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues1" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_FairValueOfInitialCommitment" name="FairValueOfInitialCommitment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_IncurredExpenses" name="IncurredExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues2" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues2" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_CommonStockConsiderationExerciseShares" name="CommonStockConsiderationExerciseShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_MarketPrice" name="MarketPrice" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageGranted" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageGranted" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercised" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercised" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageForfeited" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageForfeited" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_WarrantsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercise" name="WarrantsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercise" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OptionIssued" name="OptionIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DeferredTaxAssetsResearchAndDevelopmentCapitalization" name="DeferredTaxAssetsResearchAndDevelopmentCapitalization" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_DeferredTaxAssetsUnpaidCharges" name="DeferredTaxAssetsUnpaidCharges" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ForeignExchangeAndOther" name="ForeignExchangeAndOther" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_PermanentDifferencesRelatingToStockBasedCompensation" name="PermanentDifferencesRelatingToStockBasedCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseResearchAndDevelopmentCreditNet" name="IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseResearchAndDevelopmentCreditNet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" name="IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OperatingLossCarryforwardsDescription" name="OperatingLossCarryforwardsDescription" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_OperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationYear" name="OperatingLossCarryForwardsExpirationYear" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="avxl_ResearchAndDevelopmentTaxCreditsYear" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentTaxCreditsYear" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
</schema>
