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INCOME TAXES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2026
INCOME TAXES  
INCOME TAXES

14. INCOME TAXES

The Company did not record a provision or benefit for income taxes during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance for its U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets.

The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon its ability to realize the deferred tax assets. Management has considered the Company’s history of cumulative net losses incurred since inception and its generation of limited revenue from product sales since inception and has concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of the deferred tax assets. Management reevaluates the positive and negative evidence at each reporting period.

Realization of the future tax benefits is dependent on many factors, including the Company’s ability to generate taxable income within the net operating loss carryforward period. Under the provisions of Section 382 of the Internal

Revenue Code of 1986, certain substantial changes in the Company’s ownership, including a sale of the Company, or significant changes in ownership due to sales of equity, may have limited, or may limit in the future, the amount of net operating loss carryforwards, which could be used annually to offset future taxable income. The Company completed an analysis as of December 31, 2022 and determined that an additional ownership change occurred during December 2022 as a result of the issuance of its Series E Convertible Non-Redeemable Preferred Stock, further limiting the net operating loss carryforwards and research and development tax credits due to the expiration of those attributes. As a result, the utilization of the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards is subject to an annual limitation of $222. The Company has not completed an analysis as of December 31, 2024 but does not expect any change would further limit the net operating loss carryforwards.

The Company files its corporate income tax returns in the United States and various states. All tax years since the date of incorporation remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions (state and federal) to which the Company is subject, as carryforward attributes generated in years past may still be adjusted upon examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) or other authorities if they have or will be used in a future period. The Company is not currently under examination by the IRS or any other jurisdictions for any tax year.

As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had no uncertain tax positions. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense, of which no interest or penalties were recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.