Note 11 — Equity

The Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of preferred stock, Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock.

The Company assesses its preferred stock instruments at issuance and each reporting period for classification and derivative features requiring bifurcation. 

The preferred stock is classified as mezzanine equity due to redemption features not solely within the Company’s control. For preferred stock presented as mezzanine equity that is not currently redeemable, the Company assesses the probability of the event that would lead to redemption. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company accretes changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance, or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later, to the earliest redemption date of the instrument using an appropriate methodology. If an equity instrument classified as mezzanine equity is not probable of redemption, subsequent adjustment of the amounts presented in mezzanine equity is unnecessary.

Issuance of Preferred Stock and Preferred Warrants

On May 19, 2026, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Kips Purchase Agreement”) with Kips Bay Select, LP (“Kips”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell to Kips (i) 2,000 shares of Series A 10% Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Shares”) for an aggregate purchase price of $2,000, reflecting an aggregate stated value of $2,400, and (ii) a Preferred Stock Purchase Warrant (the “Preferred Warrant”) to purchase up to an additional 6,000 shares of Series A 10% Convertible Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $1,000 per share. Kips funded $2,000 and $25 was withheld for legal fees, resulting in net proceeds to the Company of $1,975.

The Company has classified the preferred stock as mezzanine equity on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, as the shares have certain redemption features contingent upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of certain events that are not solely in the control of the Company.   The carrying value of the Series A convertible preferred stock, which includes the proceeds received upon issuance, has not been adjusted to liquidation value since the securities are not currently redeemable or probable to become redeemable.

Liquidation Preference

Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, holders of preferred stock shall be entitled to receive out of the assets, whether capital or surplus, of the Company an amount equal to the Stated Value of $1,200 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon and any other fees or liquidated damages then due and owing thereon under the Certificate of Designation (the “Certificate of Designation”), for each share of Preferred Stock before any distribution or payment shall be made to the holders of any junior securities, and if the assets of the Company shall be insufficient to pay in full such amounts, then the entire assets to be distributed to the holders of preferred stock shall be ratably distributed among the holders in accordance with the respective amounts that would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full.

Dividend Rights

Dividends are cumulative and accrue at a stated rate of 10.00% of the Stated Value per annum and are payable in cash, or at the Company’s option, shares of Series A 10% Convertible Preferred Stock.

Conversion Rights

The Preferred Shares and any shares issued upon exercise of the Preferred Warrant are convertible into shares of our Class A Common Stock. The Conversion Price is 82% of the lowest 8-day VWAP of the Class A Common Stock immediately prior to and including the date of the conversion notice, subject to adjustments. The number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion is equal to the aggregate stated value plus accrued and unpaid dividends divided by the Conversion Price. The Company determined that the conversion feature embedded within its preferred stock requires bifurcation under the guidance of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging Activities. As shares of Series A 10% Convertible Preferred Stock are convertible at any time at the above terms, the estimated fair value of the preferred stock, the bifurcated conversion feature, and the Preferred Warrant exceeded the amount of proceeds received from the investor. As a result, the Company recognized a loss on issuance of $3,707, included in “Loss on issuance of preferred shares and liability-classified warrants” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. See Note 14, Fair Value Measurements.

Voting Rights

Holders of the redeemable convertible preferred stock generally have no voting rights. However, as long as any shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock are outstanding, the Company shall not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock, take certain specified actions such as amending the terms of the preferred shares that would have a material adverse affect on the economics of the preferred stock.

Registration Rights Agreement

In connection with the transaction, on May 19, 2026, the Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with Kips (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to register the resale of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Shares and upon exercise of the Preferred Warrant.

On June 18, 2026, the Company and Kips entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Rights Agreement, pursuant to which the filing and effectiveness deadlines were extended and prior remedies were waived. In addition, The Company and Kips agreed to revise the Original Issue Date of the Preferred Shares to be June 18, 2026. As a non-refundable registration-extension fee, fully earned upon execution of the amendment, the Company issued 294,117 shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Extension Shares”) on July 17, 2026, valued at $600 based on a price of $2.04 per share, which exceeded the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(d) Minimum Price of $2.036. Our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-296928) was filed June 22, 2026 and declared effective July 16, 2026. The Company recorded a charge of $600 in the three months ended June 30, 2026 with respect to the Extension Shares, which was recorded in financing costs expensed in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

In addition to the exchange agreements discussed in Note 7, Debt, during the nine months ended June 30, 2025, the Company and the holders of certain of the Company’s accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities agreed to settle the outstanding balances, totaling $2,122, for 134,062 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. The Company recognized a gain on the settlements of $1,469 recorded in other non-operating (gains) losses, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2026, in connection with a modification of the RaGE earnout agreement, the Company issued 464,952 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. The Company recognized an additional expense on the issuance of $1,121 recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

On April 2, 2026, the Company’s board of directors approved a reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock at a ratio of 1-for-10 (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Reverse Stock Split became effective at 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time on April 6, 2026, and the Company’s Class A Common Stock began trading on a post-split adjusted basis on April 7, 2026. The number of authorized shares and par value per share were not adjusted as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. The shares of common stock underlying outstanding stock options and other equity instruments, other than outstanding warrants, were proportionately reduced and the respective exercise prices, if applicable, were proportionately increased in accordance with the terms of the agreements governing such securities. The number of Public Warrants and Private Warrants outstanding was not reduced as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. Rather, in accordance with the terms of the applicable warrant agreements, the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each outstanding warrant was proportionately reduced such that each warrant is exercisable for 1/10th of one share of common stock following the Reverse Stock Split, and the applicable exercise prices were proportionately increased, as applicable. Accordingly, the number of warrants outstanding has not been retrospectively adjusted or recast in the condensed consolidated financial statements. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split, and cash was paid in lieu of fractional shares.

Issuance of Class A Common Stock

On January 6, 2026, the Company entered into certain securities purchase agreements with unrelated investors relating to a public offering of 3,000,000 shares of its Class A Common Stock at a price to the public of $2.00 per share (the “Offering”). In connection with the Offering, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay the placement agent a cash placement fee equal to 8.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in the Offering. Subject to certain conditions, the Company also agreed to reimburse the placement agent up to 1.0% of the gross proceeds raised in the Offering for non-accountable expenses and up to $100 for fees and expenses of legal counsel and other out-of-pocket expenses. The Company also agreed to indemnify the placement agent against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or to contribute to payments that the placement agent may be required to make in respect of those liabilities. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering were approximately $5,360, after deducting placement agent fees and commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. As a result of the Offering, the Company issued 220,000 shares of its Class A Common Stock to a lender as make-whole shares, pursuant to the terms of a promissory note.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2025, the Company sold 52,173 shares of its Class A Common Stock to an unaffiliated investor for net proceeds of $600. The Company also issued 61,059 shares of its Class A Common Stock to certain vendors in settlement of $700 of accounts payable. In connection therewith, the Company recognized a gain of $147. Also during the nine months ended June 30, 2025, holders of 12,500 shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock elected to convert such shares into the same number of shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock.

Termination of At the Market Offering Agreement

On October 21, 2025, the Company entered into an At The Market Offering Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with Roth Capital Partners, LLC (“Manager”) under which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time at its sole discretion, up to $15,800 in shares of its Class A Common Stock through the Manager acting in its capacity as its sales agent. On June 26, 2026, the Company terminated its At The Market Offering Agreement and filed a post-effective amendment to deregister approximately 900,000 shares of Class A Common Stock previously registered for potential sale under the facility.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2026, the Company sold 191,449 shares of its Class A Common Stock under the ATM Agreement, for net proceeds (after commissions) of $1,254.

As of June 30, 2026, the number of shares of Class A Common Stock available for issuance under the Company’s amended and restated articles of incorporation were as follows:

  Schedule of Common Stock Available for Issuance

The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on any class of its equity securities and does not expect to do so in the near future.