v3.26.1
Income taxes (Tables)
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2026
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [abstract]  
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [text block]
06/30/202612/31/2025
Tax loss carried forward
1,191,234 
982,480 
Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward
464,036 
381,600 
Assets - temporary differences
Provision for judicial liabilities
276,203 
269,757 
Operating provisions
443,875 
559,288 
Provisions for other losses
618,907 
619,567 
Employee benefit plans
256,151 
251,990 
Exchange rate variations
1,886,733 
3,443,822 
Amortization of fair value adjustments arising from business combinations
620,112 
620,973 
Unrealized profit on inventories
211,466 
237,740 
Leases (1)
505,833 
541,431 
6,474,550 
7,908,648 
 Liabilities - temporary differences
Goodwill - tax benefit on unamortized goodwill
2,020,207 
1,878,119 
Property, plant and equipment - deemed cost
974,519 
985,901 
Depreciation for tax-incentive reason (2)
636,857 
668,603 
Capitalized loan costs
896,149 
937,829 
Fair value of biological assets
1,649,769 
1,425,535 
Deferred taxes, net of fair value adjustments
308,540 
313,464 
Tax credits - gains from tax lawsuit (exclusion of ICMS from the PIS and COFINS basis)
102,580 
115,003 
Derivatives gains (“MtM”) (1)
1,138,072 
66,308 
Provision of deferred taxes on results of subsidiaries abroad
253,272 
Other temporary differences
14,345 
13,872 
7,994,310 
6,404,634 
Non-current assets
122,709 
1,504,014 
Non-current liabilities
1,642,469 
(1)The Company presents a net balance of derivatives and leases, as gains and losses from deferred taxes are offset simultaneously. For the derivatives line, the taxable temporary difference was R$4,047,493 and deductible temporary difference of R$2,909,421 (taxable temporary difference was R$3,065,768 and deductible temporary difference of R$3,001,133 as of December 31, 2025). For the lease line, the taxable temporary difference was R$5,215,078 and deductible temporary difference was R$5,720,911 (taxable temporary difference was R$1,767,605 and deductible temporary difference was R$2,309,036 as of December 31, 2025).
(2)Tax depreciation is taken as a benefit only in the income tax calculation bases.
Summary of Tax Credit Carryforwards
06/30/202612/31/2025
Tax loss carried forward
4,764,936 
3,929,920 
Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward
5,155,956 
4,240,000 
Disclosure of deferred taxes [text block]
06/30/202612/31/2025
Opening balance
1,504,014 
7,971,419 
Tax loss carried forward
208,754 
185,649 
Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward
82,436 
74,457 
Provision for judicial liabilities
6,446 
(55,116)
Operating provisions and other losses
(111,912)
122,493 
Exchange rate variation
(1,557,089)
(3,941,212)
Derivative (gains) losses (“MtM”)
(1,071,764)
(2,297,143)
Amortization of fair value adjustments arising from business combinations
4,063 
23,905 
Unrealized profit on inventories
(26,274)
(301,417)
Leases
(35,598)
(65,513)
Goodwill - tax benefit on unamortized goodwill
(142,088)
(288,232)
Property, plant and equipment - deemed cost
11,382 
80,982 
Depreciation accelerated for tax-incentive reason
31,746 
65,037 
Capitalized loan costs
41,680 
9,653 
Fair value of biological assets
(224,234)
(108,440)
Deferred taxes on the results of subsidiaries abroad
(253,272)
Credits on exclusion of ICMS from the PIS/COFINS tax base
12,423 
22,925 
Other temporary differences
(473)
4,567 
Closing balance
(1,519,760)
1,504,014 
Disclosure of Reconciliation of Effects of Income Tax and Social Contribution on Profit or Loss
06/30/202606/30/2025
Net income (loss) before taxes
9,169,783
17,255,357
Income tax and social contribution benefit (expense) at statutory nominal rate of 34%
(3,117,726)
(5,866,821)
Tax effect on permanent differences
Impact of the taxation difference on profit of associates in Brazil and abroad (1)
(555)
(294,581)
Equity method
(8,702)
(24,220)
Credit related to Reintegra Program
5,177
6,156
Director bonuses
(107)
(26,950)
Tax incentives (Note 16.3)
26,200
265,547
Other permanent exclusions
45,387
45,643
(3,050,326)
(5,895,226)
Income tax
Current
(9,226)
(206,328)
Deferred
(2,220,799)
(4,093,523)
(2,230,025)
(4,299,851)
Social Contribution
Current
(16,667)
(104,206)
Deferred
(803,634)
(1,491,169)
(820,301)
(1,595,375)
Income tax and social contribution result for the period
(3,050,326)
(5,895,226)
(1)The difference in the taxation of subsidiaries is substantially due to the differences between the nominal tax rates in Brazil and those of subsidiaries located abroad.
Disclosure of Tax Incentives
16.3 Tax incentives
The Company benefits from a tax incentive for partial reduction of the income tax obtained from operations carried out in areas under the jurisdiction of the Northeast Development Superintendence (“SUDENE”) and the Superintendence of Amazon Development (“SUDAM”). The IRPJ reduction incentive is calculated based on the activity profits (exploitation profits) and considers the allocation of the operating profit based on the incentive production levels for each product.
Area/RegionsCompanyMaturity
Northeast Development Superintendence (“SUDENE”)


Aracruz (ES)

Portocel
2030
Aracruz (ES)

Suzano
2031
Imperatriz (MA)

Suzano
2032
Mucuri (BA)

Suzano
2032
São Luís (MA)

Itacel
2033
Eunápolis (BA)
Veracel
2033
Superintendence of Amazon Development (“SUDAM”)


Belém (PA)

Suzano
2034