Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) |
6 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Jun. 30, 2026 | |
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Consolidation | The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include Broadway Financial Corporation (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, City First Bank, National Association (the “Bank” and, together with the Company, “City First Broadway”). Also included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements are the following subsidiaries of City First Bank: 1432 U Street LLC, Broadway Service Corporation, City First Real Estate LLC, City First Real Estate II LLC, City First Real Estate III LLC, City First Real Estate IV LLC, and CF New Markets Advisors, LLC (“CFNMA”). In addition, CFNMA also consolidates CFC Fund Manager II, LLC; City First New Markets Fund II, LLC; and City First Capital IX, LLC into its financial results. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
|
| Basis of Presentation | The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. These unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures associated with the Company’s consolidated annual financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, (the “2025 Form 10-K”) and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction with such audited consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (all of which are normal and recurring in nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026.
|
| Operating Segments | The Company operates one reportable segment — banking. The Company’s chief executive officer is its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The CODM assesses operating performance and manages the allocation of resources primarily based on the Company’s consolidated operating results and financial condition. The factors considered in making this determination include that all of the banking products and services offered by the Company are available in each branch of the Company, management does not allocate resources based on the performance of different lending or transaction activities, and how information is reviewed by the chief executive officer and other key decision makers. The CODM uses consolidated net income to benchmark the Company against its competitors and to monitor budget to actual results. As a result, the Company determined that all services offered relate to banking. Loans, investments, and deposits provide the revenues in the banking operation. Interest expense, provisions for credit losses and payroll provide the significant expenses in the banking operation. See the Company’s operating segment information in the unaudited consolidated statements of financial condition and the unaudited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
|
| Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued | Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued In November of 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2025-08 – Financial
Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans. The amendments in this ASU expand the population of acquired financial assets subject to the “gross-up” approach in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 326. In
accordance with this ASC, loans (excluding credit card loans) acquired without evidence of credit deterioration since their origination that are deemed to be “seasoned” (as defined in the Codification) are determined to be “purchased seasoned
loans” and are to be accounted for using the gross-up approach at acquisition. Prior to this ASU, for loans that were not determined to be purchased credit deteriorated loans, GAAP required that an allowance for credit losses be established for
purchased loans through a provision for credit losses at the acquisition date. The gross-up approach allows an entity to record the acquisition-date allowance for credit losses for purchased seasoned loans through an offsetting addition to the
amortized cost basis of the loan (rather than through the provision for credit losses). The ASU does not impact the accounting for loans that were acquired in periods prior to adoption of the ASU. The amendments in ASU 2025-08 will become
effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2027; early adoption is permitted. The amendments in the ASU will not affect the Company’s accounting for loans in its portfolio on the date of adoption; however, loans acquired after the
adoption date will be accounted for in accordance with the provisions of this ASU. In December of 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-10 – Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants
Received by Business Entities. Prior to the issuance of this ASU, GAAP did not provide authoritative guidance about the recognition, measurement, and presentation of a grant received by a business entity from a government. The
amendments in this ASU establish the accounting for a government grant received by a business entity, including guidance for (1) a grant related to an asset and (2) a grant related to income. The newly issued guidance requires that a government
grant received by a business entity should not be recognized until: (1) it is probable that a business entity will comply with the conditions attached to the grant and that the grant will be received; and (2) a business entity meets the
recognition guidance for a grant related to an asset or a grant related to income. The ASU also prescribes requirements for the subsequent income recognition, presentation matters, and financial statement disclosures related to government
grants. The guidance in this ASU will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2029. Early adoption is permitted. The requirements in this ASU are similar to the guidance that the Company has been applying for accounting for
government grants by analogy to guidance issued by other accounting standard setters and authoritative bodies. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will materially impact its financial condition or results of
operations. In December of 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11 – Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. The amendments in this
guidance clarify interim disclosure requirements and the applicability of ASC 270 by providing a comprehensive list of interim period disclosures that are required by GAAP. The updates in ASU 2025-11 also include a disclosure principal that
requires entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. The amendments in ASU 2025-11 will become effective for the Company for interim reporting periods beginning in the
first quarter of 2028. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU are not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations; however, the required disclosures will be added to the
Company’s interim financial statements issued after the effective date. Except as discussed below, our accounting policies are described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of our audited consolidated financial statements included
in the 2025 Form 10-K.
|
| Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans | Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans The Company accounts for credit losses on loans in accordance with ASC 326, which requires the Company to record an estimate of expected lifetime credit losses for loans at the
time of origination or acquisition. The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is maintained at a level deemed appropriate by management to provide for expected credit losses in the portfolio as of the date of the consolidated statements of
financial condition. Estimating expected credit losses requires management to use relevant forward-looking information, including the use of reasonable and supportable forecasts. The measurement of the ACL is performed by collectively
evaluating loans with similar risk characteristics. During the quarter ended March 31, 2026, the Company transitioned from using the weighted average remaining maturity (“WARM”) method for measuring the ACL to a discounted cash
flow (“DCF”) method. Concurrently, the Company also changed the way that qualitative factors are applied in the estimation of the ACL. These changes are intended to improve the precision of the expected credit loss calculations. These changes
are considered a change in accounting estimate, rather than a change in accounting principle, as they result from an improved estimation methodology rather than a fundamental change in the underlying accounting framework. The changes in
estimation techniques and certain related inputs and assumptions used to estimate expected credit losses on the Company’s loan portfolio and unfunded commitments did not materially impact the Company’s results of operations or financial
condition. The Company’s DCF methodology incorporates a probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) model, whereby PDs and LGDs are forecasted using economic scenarios
over a reasonable and supportable period to generate estimates for cash flows expected to be collected over the estimated life of a loan. Estimates of future expected cash flows ultimately reflect assumptions made concerning net credit losses
over the life of a loan. The model also incorporates management’s assumptions regarding prepayments and curtailments. The use of reasonable and supportable forecasts, including the determination of the appropriate length of the forecast
horizon, requires significant judgment. Management leverages peer data as well as economic projections from an independent third party to inform and provide its reasonable and supportable economic forecasts. Other internal and external
indicators of economic forecasts may also be considered by management when developing the forecast metrics. The Company’s ACL model forecasts PD and LGD over a one-year time horizon, which the Company believes is a reasonable and supportable period. Beyond the one-year forecast time
horizon, the Company’s ACL model reverts to historical long-term average loss rates over the remaining contractual periods. The duration of the forecast horizon, the period over which forecasts revert to long-term averages, the economic
forecasts that management utilizes, as well as additional internal and external indicators of economic forecasts that management considers, may change over time depending on the nature and composition of the Company’s loan portfolio. Changes in
economic forecasts, in conjunction with changes in loan specific attributes, impact a loan’s PD and LGD, which can drive changes in the determination of the ACL. Expectations of future cash flows are discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. The resulting ACL for a loan represents the amount by which the loan’s amortized cost
exceeds the net present value of a loan’s discounted cash flows. The ACL is recorded through a charge to provision for credit losses and is reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries on loans previously charged-off. It is the Company’s policy to
charge-off loan balances at the time they have been deemed uncollectible. Prior to March 31, 2026, the Company measured the ACL for each of its loan segments using the WARM method. The weighted average remaining life, including the effect of estimated
prepayments, was calculated for each loan pool on a quarterly basis. The Company then estimated a loss rate for each pool using both its own historical loss experience and the historical losses of a group of peer institutions during the period
from 2004 through the most recent quarter. In conjunction with the conversion to DCF methodology, the bank has adopted a new scorecard-based methodology for estimating the qualitative reserve factors. The purpose of the
qualitative scorecard is to provide a framework to reliably and consistently determine reasonable and supportable qualitative estimates of the expected credit losses in the current loan portfolio compared to losses expected from the
quantitative analysis. The appropriate qualitative reserve is derived by loan segment from incremental risk statuses for each qualitative factor. The risk statuses in the scorecard range from “very low risk” to “critical risk.” A qualitative
reserve allocation is made to each portfolio based on the risk assessment. All inputs and assumptions in the qualitative scorecard were individually assessed to determine the proper risk status, and all decisions were made independently of the
previous qualitative analysis. The Company’s ACL model also includes adjustments for qualitative factors, where appropriate. Qualitative adjustments may be related to and include, but are not limited to,
factors such as: (i) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collections, charge-offs, and recapture practices; (ii) changes in international, national, regional, and local conditions; (iii)
changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans; (iv) changes in the experience, depth, and ability of lending management; (v) changes in the volume and severity of past due loans and other similar conditions; (vi) changes
in the quality of the organization’s loan review system; (vii) changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans; (viii) the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the levels of such
concentrations; and (ix) the effect of other external factors (i.e., competition, legal and regulatory requirements) on the level of estimated credit losses. These qualitative factors incorporate the concept of reasonable and supportable
forecasts, as required by ASC 326. The Company evaluates loans collectively for purposes of determining the ACL in accordance with ASC 326. Collective evaluation is based on aggregating loans deemed to possess
similar risk characteristics. In certain instances, the Company may identify loans that it believes no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the loan portfolio. These loans are typically identified from those that have
exhibited deterioration in credit quality, since the specific attributes and risks associated with such loans tend to become unique as the credit deteriorates. Such loans are typically nonperforming, downgraded to substandard or worse, and/or
are deemed collateral dependent, where the ultimate repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual sale of the collateral. Loans that are deemed by management to no longer possess risk characteristics similar to
other loans in the portfolio, or that have been identified as collateral dependent, are evaluated individually for purposes of determining an appropriate lifetime ACL. The Company uses the discounted cash flow approach, using the loan’s
effective interest rate, for determining the ACL on individually evaluated loans, unless the loan is deemed collateral dependent, which requires evaluation based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated selling
costs. The Company may increase or decrease the ACL for collateral dependent loans based on changes in the estimated fair value of the collateral.
|