The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of VolitionRx Limited (the “Company” or “VolitionRx”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q AND Article 10 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The December 31, 2025 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. However, except as disclosed herein, there has been no material change in the information disclosed in the notes to the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2025 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2026 (the “Annual Report”). The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with those audited consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments, have been made. Operating results for the six-months ended June 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026.

The preparation of the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make certain estimates and the assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include impairment of long-lived assets, accounts receivable, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, fair values of stock-based awards, income taxes, fair value measurements of warrant and derivative liabilities, debt discounts, and going concern assessments among others. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s judgment. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Changes in accounting estimates may be necessary if there are changes in the circumstances or experiences on which the estimate was based or as a result of new information. Changes in estimates, including those resulting from changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

Warrant Liability

As of June 30, 2026, the derivative liability related to the May 2025 Lind Note (as defined below) was $1,173,600. The following table provides a roll-forward of the derivative liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six-months ended June 30, 2026.

Pursuant to ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” an entity is required to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1

Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2

Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Level 3

Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The financial instruments of the Company consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, debt, a warrant liability and derivative liabilities. The carrying amounts of these items are considered Level 1 due to their short-term nature and their market interest rates, except for the warrant liability and derivative liabilities, which are considered Level 2 and are recorded at fair value at the end of each reporting period.

Included in the following table are the Company’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

As of June 30, 2026, the warrant liability was $6,400. The following table provides a roll-forward of the warrant liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six-months ended June 30, 2026.

In April 2026, following stockholder approval, the Company effected a one-for-twenty reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Reverse Stock Split”). On April 27, 2026, the Company filed a Certificate of Third Amendment to its Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Delaware Secretary of State to effect the Reverse Stock Split, which became effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time on April 28, 2026. The Company’s common stock began trading on a post-split basis on April 28, 2026. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every twenty shares of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock were automatically converted into one share of common stock. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split, and each stockholder who otherwise would have been entitled to receive a fractional share received one whole share of common stock in lieu of such fractional share. Accordingly, all share and per-share amounts for all periods presented in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split. In addition, all outstanding equity awards, warrants, convertible notes and other equity securities and instruments outstanding immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split have been proportionately adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split, to the extent required by their respective terms.