Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Nakamoto have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with Article 8 of Regulation S-X and the related rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with those audited consolidated financial statements included in the Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 30, 2026 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements, consisting of normal recurring accruals, have been made. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year.

Derivative Contracts

We write covered calls and call spreads to generate option premiums and potential economic returns from changes in option values. We also purchase protective puts and put spreads to reduce our mark-to-market exposure to adverse Bitcoin price movements over defined time horizons. These freestanding option contracts meet the definition of derivative instruments under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815-10, as each contract has an underlying (the price of Bitcoin) and notional amount, an initial net investment smaller than the full notional exposure, and a net settlement mechanism. In accordance with ASC 815-10, purchased options are recognized as derivative assets and written options are recognized as derivative liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at trade date. All Bitcoin option contracts are measured initially and subsequently at fair value using Level 1 inputs for exchange-traded contracts.

Consistent with our Bitcoin-focused business strategy, in which the active management of our Bitcoin treasury through option contracts constitutes an ongoing component of our operations, realized and unrealized gains and losses on Bitcoin derivative instruments are presented net within the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss under derivative revenue.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities represent our obligation to transfer goods or services to customers from whom we have received consideration. These primarily relate to consideration we have received for future event sponsorship agreements, ticket purchases for our events, and future consulting and subscription services.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, we apply the following five-step approach: (1) identify the contract with the customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when or as a performance obligation is satisfied. We apply ASC 606 to the following revenue streams: media, advisory and asset management.

Media Revenue

Media revenue consists of revenue generated from events, digital, and print revenue streams.

Events Revenue: We host conferences and industry gatherings and generate revenue through ticket sales, sponsorships, exhibitor fees, and ancillary services related to our produced events. Revenue from our produced events is recognized when the event occurs, and performance obligations are satisfied. Amounts invoiced or collected in advance of the event are recorded as contract liabilities until the event is completed.

Event sponsorship contracts generally include a bundle of highly interrelated services, such as branding, marketing exposure, booth access, and attendee benefits. We have determined that these promised goods and services are not distinct within the context of the contract, as they are not separately identifiable and do not provide standalone value to the customer. Accordingly, each event sponsorship arrangement is accounted for as a single performance obligation. The transaction price is typically fixed and stated in the contract, and because the contracts include a single performance obligation, no allocation of consideration to individual activities is performed.

In addition to our produced events, we participate in certain international conferences through cooperation or joint venture arrangements with local co-organizers. These arrangements are evaluated under ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, as we and our partners are active participants that share risks and rewards. To the extent we provide services under these arrangements that are within the scope of ASC 606, such services are evaluated separately, including an assessment of whether we act as a principal or agent. For these international events, we generally do not control the underlying event operations or locally provided services prior to transfer to customers and therefore act as an agent. Accordingly, revenue is recognized on a net basis for services we provide, such as brand licensing, programming, and agreed-upon sales and marketing services. Revenue is recognized as the related services are performed or, for event-based services, at the time the event occurs, consistent with ASC 606-10-25.

Digital Revenue: We generate revenue through advertising, content syndication, and other services delivered through our online platforms. Digital revenue contracts may include multiple promised services, such as online advertising, newsletter placements, or other sponsored content. Revenue is recognized over the period in which the related digital content is delivered, or as advertising impressions occur, reflecting when the customer receives the benefit. Specifically, website and sponsored content revenue is recognized when the content is published or delivered, and advertising revenue is recognized over the period in which the public outreach is distributed and impressions are delivered. Amounts invoiced or collected in advance of delivery are recorded as contract liabilities and recognized as revenue as the related advertising services are performed.

Print Revenue: We derive print revenue from the sale of physical publications and print advertising. Revenue from the sale of physical publications is recognized upon delivery, when control of the publication transfers to the customer. Print advertising revenue is recognized over the advertising period. Amounts billed or collected in advance of publication or delivery are recorded as contract liabilities and recognized as revenue when the applicable publication is distributed.

Advisory Revenue

We generate advisory revenue through corporate subscription services, consulting engagements, and symposium sponsorships. Corporate subscription contracts provide customers with access to curated Bitcoin research, policy intelligence, and executive education content over a defined contract term, typically ranging from twelve to twenty-four months. These contracts represent a single stand-ready performance obligation satisfied ratably over the subscription period, and revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract terms in accordance with ASC 606-10-25. Amounts invoiced or collected in advance of the subscription period are recorded as contract liabilities and recognized as revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied.

Consulting revenue is derived from bespoke advisory engagements with corporate clients pursuing Bitcoin treasury and strategy initiatives. Each consulting engagement is evaluated to identify the distinct performance obligations within the contract. Where an engagement comprises a single deliverable or a series of related services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer, the arrangement is treated as a single performance obligation recognized at the point in time the service is delivered or, where services are rendered over a defined period, ratably over that period. Variable consideration, if any, is estimated using the most likely amount method and included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur.

Symposium sponsorship revenue relates to exclusive, invitation-only leadership forums hosted by us, generally for the benefit of Bitcoin for Corporations members. Symposium sponsorship contracts typically include a single performance obligation representing the sponsorship package delivered in connection with the event. Revenue is recognized at the point in time the symposium occurs, consistent with the recognition pattern applied to our other event-based revenue streams. Amounts received in advance of the symposium date are recorded as contract liabilities until the performance obligation is satisfied.

Asset Management Revenue

We provide continuous investment management services to certain funds including 210k Capital, LP (“210k Capital”) and UTXO Bitcoin Ecosystem Master Fund 1 LP (“Bitcoin Ecosystem”) (together, the “Funds”), which include portfolio management, risk monitoring, and consulting. These services represent a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time, consisting of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and follow the same pattern of transfer. Although we receive two forms of compensation (i.e., management fees and performance fees, as described in more detail below), both relate to the same underlying service of managing the funds and are considered part of the same performance obligation.

Management Fee Income: We earn a management fee for acting as the investment manager for the Funds. The performance obligation is the management of the Funds. While the individual activities that comprise the performance obligation can vary day to day, the nature of the overall performance obligation to provide management services is the same and considered by us to be a series of services that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer and the same method to measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation. The series of distinct services represents a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time. We recognize revenue ratably as the Funds receive and consume the benefits as they are provided by us.

We receive a management fee for our services of up to 2.0% annually of the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) of a limited partner’s capital account for 210k Capital and receive a management fee for our services of generally 2.0% annually of the capital contributions of a limited partner’s capital account for Bitcoin Ecosystem. The management fees for 210k Capital are generally earned on a monthly basis and the management fees for Bitcoin Ecosystem are generally earned on a quarterly basis.

Performance Fee Income: We recognize performance fee income based on each of the Funds’ investment performance. The performance-based income arises from our role as investment manager and General Partner of each of the Funds. The performance obligation is satisfied over time as we achieve specific benchmarks and thresholds through each of the Funds as detailed below.

For 210k Capital, performance fees are generally recognized only when the NAV of a limited partner’s capital account exceeds the highest NAV previously allocated to that account measured at the end of a fiscal year (the “High Water Mark”). If a limited partner experiences a net decrease in the NAV of its respective capital account as of the end of any fiscal year, the amount of the decrease after deduction of management fees, will be carried forward (the “Loss Carryforward”). This Loss Carryforward must be recovered in future periods before a performance allocation is earned.

Subject to the resolution of any Loss Carryforward and the application of the High Water Mark, we are entitled to receive from 210k Capital (i) 20% of the increase in NAV of any Class A limited partner’s capital account and (ii) 15% of the increase in NAV of any Class B limited partner’s capital account, calculated on an annual basis.

Performance fee income from 210k Capital is classified as variable consideration due to its dependency on the limited partner’s NAV. Given the constraint of the High Water Mark and any Loss Carryforward, variable consideration is not recognized until uncertainty is resolved. Once the thresholds are met, we recognize performance fee income.

For Bitcoin Ecosystem, performance fee income (“Carried Interest”) is determined under a distribution waterfall whereby: (i) limited partners first receive distributions equal to their capital contributions; (ii) thereafter, remaining returns are allocated 80% to limited partners and 20% to us until a 3.0x return threshold is reached; (iii) then 75%/25% until a 5.0x return threshold; and (iv) thereafter 70%/30% between limited partners and us.

Carried interest is earned based on the Bitcoin Ecosystem distribution waterfall and is contingent upon the achievement of specified return thresholds. We treat carried interest as variable consideration and recognize it only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur, with such assessment performed at each reporting period.

Revenue Outside the Scope of ASC 606 – Derivative Revenue

Income from put and call option contracts on Bitcoin that meet the definition of a derivative instrument is outside the scope of ASC 606 and is accounted for under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. The income is presented as revenue in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as we believe it would satisfy the definition (of that term) as included in the ASC master glossary. These derivative contracts are measured at fair value, with realized and unrealized changes in fair value recognized in earnings as they occur. See Note 8 — Derivative Instruments for additional information regarding our derivative instruments.

Discontinued Operations

We account for discontinued operations in accordance with ASC 205-20, Discontinued Operations. We report the disposal of a component, or a group of components, as a discontinued operation when the disposal represents a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major effect on our operations and financial results. A disposal may be effected by sale, by meeting the criteria to be classified as held for sale, or by other means, such as abandonment. The results of operations of a discontinued operation, less applicable income taxes, are reported as a separate component of net loss for all periods presented, and prior periods are retrospectively reclassified to conform to discontinued operations presentation. General corporate overhead is not allocated to discontinued operations. See Note 11 — Discontinued Operations for additional information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses,” which requires the disaggregated disclosure of specific expense categories, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and amortization included in each relevant expense caption presented on the statement of operations. The standard also requires disclosure of a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, as well as the total amount of selling expenses and an entity’s definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. We are currently evaluating the impact this standard will have on our financial statements.

We currently believe there are no other issued and not yet effective accounting standards that are materially relevant to our interim condensed consolidated financial statements.