7. Fair Value

NextNav uses observable and unobservable inputs to determine the value of its assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect internal market assumptions. The three-tier hierarchy for inputs used to measure fair value, which prioritizes the inputs used in the methodologies of measuring fair value for assets and liabilities, where applicable, is as follows:

- Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities

- Level 3 — No observable pricing inputs in the market

Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. NextNav’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurements requires judgment and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. NextNav effectuates transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy, if any, as of the date of the actual circumstance that caused the transfer.

The following table presents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, accrued expenses, amounts included in other current assets, and current liabilities that meet the definition of a financial instrument, approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.  The estimated fair value of the 2028 Notes (as defined below) was approximately $152.0 million as of December 31, 2025. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, all outstanding 2028 Notes were converted into shares of the Company's common stock and, accordingly, no debt was outstanding as of June 30, 2026. See Note 8 — Long Term Debt, net.

Assets, liabilities, and equity instruments that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include fixed assets and intangible assets. The Company recognizes these items at fair value when they are considered to be impaired or upon initial recognition. The fair value of these assets and liabilities are determined with valuation techniques using the best information available and may include quoted market prices, market comparables and discounted cash flow models.

Level 3 Liabilities 

        Private Placement Warrants

The Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the fair value analysis of the Private Placement Warrants (as defined below). The analysis used commonly accepted valuation methodologies and best practices to determine the fair value of the equity, in accordance with fair value standards and U.S. GAAP. For the Private Placement Warrants that were outstanding as of  June 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025, NextNav used a Monte Carlo simulation model. The following table shows the assumptions used in each respective model:  

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the Private Placement Warrants is expected volatility. Holding other inputs constant, an increase (decrease) in expected volatility would have resulted in a higher (lower) fair value measurement, respectively.

The table below provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the Private Placement Warrants measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Derivative Liability-Conversion Option

The 2028 Notes (as defined below) contained an embedded conversion feature that was required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the 2028 Notes as a derivative liability. The fair value of the conversion option was determined using a binomial lattice valuation model and a "with-and-without" valuation methodology. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, all outstanding 2028 Notes were converted into shares of the Company's common stock. As a result, the embedded conversion option derivative liability associated with the 2028 Notes was extinguished, and no conversion option derivative liability remained outstanding as of June 30, 2026. See Note 8 — Long Term Debt, net.

The assumptions presented below reflect (i) the assumptions used in the valuation of the conversion option derivative liability as of December 31, 2025 and (ii) the range of assumptions utilized in the valuations performed in connection with the exercise of the conversion option and conversion of the 2028 Notes during May and June 2026: 

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the conversion option is expected volatility. Holding other inputs constant, an increase (decrease) in expected volatility would have resulted in a higher (lower) fair value measurement, respectively.

The table below provides a summary of the changes in fair value of the Company's 2028 Notes conversion option derivative liability accounted for as liabilities using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

The sensitivity of the fair value calculation to these methods, assumptions, and estimates included could create materially different results under different conditions or using different assumptions.