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| Loans Payable | 13. Loans Payable As a result of the Acquisition of VCN, the Company acquired interest-free or below-market interest rate loans (0%-1%) extended by Spanish governmental institutions of Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (RETOS loan) and ACC10 Generalitat de Catalunya (NEBT loan). The maturities of these loans are between 2024 and 2028. As a result of the Acquisition, the Company maintains a restricted cash collateral account of $44,000 relating to the RETOS loan, which is reflected as a non-current asset on the balance sheet. During September 2024, the Company announced that its THERICEL project had been awarded €2.28 million (approximately $2.54 million) from the National Knowledge Transfer Program of the Spanish government’s Ministry of Science, Innovation & Universities to support a collaboration between the Company and the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (“UAB”) to advance the Company’s THERICEL suspension cell platform for the clinical manufacture of adenovirus- and adeno-associated virus (“AAV”) therapies. Under the award, the Company (via its wholly owned subsidiary, Theriva Biologics SL) received an unsecured loan (the “Loan”) of €1.3 million (approximately $1.4 million) as a lump sum payment on January 17, 2025 which bears interest at a rate of 4.015% and is to be repaid over 7 years commencing three years from the date of award. 13. Loans Payable – (continued) The Company incurred, and charged to interest expense, $17,000 and $33,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 the Company incurred, and charged to interest expense, $16,000 and $28,000, respectively.
A maturity analysis of the debt as of June 30, 2026 is as follows (amounts in thousands of dollars):
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