<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019e1bea-3871-79d8-8d1d-2fd8bbbf00af,g:d8f673a7-76aa-4ebe-bc62-e2d72050e3c1-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://c4therapeutics.com/role/CoverPageDocument" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cccc-20260811.xsd#CoverPageDocument"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://c4therapeutics.com/role/CoverPageDocument" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019e1bea-3871-72df-92f9-7a0e4becd365" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019e1bea-3871-72df-92f9-7a0e4becd365" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019e1bea-3871-73d9-84e1-d99a933068c1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019e1bea-3871-73d9-84e1-d99a933068c1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019e1bea-3871-7b71-86be-a1e947f36d45" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019e1bea-3871-7b71-86be-a1e947f36d45" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019e1bea-3871-77dd-9692-3a02f4880eaa" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019e1bea-3871-77dd-9692-3a02f4880eaa" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019e1bea-3871-767c-a116-9f4fce832b54" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019e1bea-3871-767c-a116-9f4fce832b54" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019e1bea-3871-7e06-be5c-8d1730688f18" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019e1bea-3871-7e06-be5c-8d1730688f18" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019e1bea-3871-7c65-a468-cac6ebb38a5d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019e1bea-3871-7c65-a468-cac6ebb38a5d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_019e1bea-3871-78d8-b4a1-7ca125717fbb" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_019e1bea-3871-78d8-b4a1-7ca125717fbb" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019e1bea-3871-76f8-a929-34cac150a105" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019e1bea-3871-76f8-a929-34cac150a105" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019e1bea-3871-70f8-a8ab-ee8ffd5a4fdf" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019e1bea-3871-70f8-a8ab-ee8ffd5a4fdf" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019e1bea-3871-75f5-9047-87366cdf4f58" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019e1bea-3871-75f5-9047-87366cdf4f58" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019e1bea-3871-7351-a4db-92d9f9932be7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019e1bea-3871-7351-a4db-92d9f9932be7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019e1bea-3871-753d-a2d5-42464fed0a74" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019e1bea-3871-753d-a2d5-42464fed0a74" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019e1bea-3871-79c6-bd62-1c09a7f24d26" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019e1bea-3871-79c6-bd62-1c09a7f24d26" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019e1bea-3871-7ffd-9e25-cd72ab9884b7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019e1bea-3871-7ffd-9e25-cd72ab9884b7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019e1bea-3871-7849-acb1-01ac4f9d2813" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019e1bea-3871-7849-acb1-01ac4f9d2813" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019e1bea-3871-7d79-821e-da7675754217" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019e1bea-3871-7d79-821e-da7675754217" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019e1bea-3871-7986-bfaf-f63e0f4c2f00" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019e1bea-3871-7986-bfaf-f63e0f4c2f00" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019e1bea-3871-7dfa-8be2-a7c0ffc334f4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019e1bea-3871-7dfa-8be2-a7c0ffc334f4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019e1bea-3871-7114-9855-26ceb6af9283" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019e1bea-3871-7114-9855-26ceb6af9283" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019e1bea-3871-7a87-8f7d-710d12142fee" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019e1bea-3871-7a87-8f7d-710d12142fee" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019e1bea-3871-7873-981b-1ec7489eae25" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019e1bea-3871-7873-981b-1ec7489eae25" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019e1bea-3871-71d3-9fad-5d6928f40ba1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="23" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e1bea-3871-7fcb-b9c3-7647d7697b46" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019e1bea-3871-71d3-9fad-5d6928f40ba1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
