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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2026
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

(7) Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense on pre-tax earnings resulting in an effective rate of 42.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to income tax expense on a pre-tax loss resulting in a negative effective tax rate of 60.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The 2026 rate was favorably impacted by the gain on the sale of our Jefferson Wells U.S. business and unfavorably impacted by strategic transformation program costs, restructuring charges, and a discontinued business liquidation charge recorded in the second quarter. The 2025 rate was negative due to a pre-tax loss that primarily resulted from the goodwill and indefinite lived intangible asset impairment charges recorded in Switzerland and the United Kingdom and losses on the disposals of South Africa and New Caledonia, all of which are non-deductible. The 42.0% effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was higher than the United States Federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the overall mix of earnings, tax losses in certain countries for which we did not recognize a corresponding tax benefit due to valuation allowances, the French exceptional corporate income tax surcharge, and the French business tax.

We recorded income tax expense on pre-tax earnings resulting in an effective rate of 48.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to income tax expense on a pre-tax loss resulting in a negative effective tax rate of 144.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The 2026 rate was favorably impacted by the gain on the sale of our Jefferson Wells U.S. business and unfavorably impacted by restructuring charges, strategic transformation program costs, and a discontinued business liquidation charge recorded in the first six months of 2026. The 2025 rate was negative due to a pre-tax loss that primarily resulted from the goodwill and indefinite lived intangible asset impairment charges recorded in Switzerland and the United Kingdom and losses on the disposals of South Africa and New Caledonia, all of which are non-deductible. The 48.0% effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was higher than the United States Federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the overall mix of earnings, tax losses in certain countries for which we did not recognize a corresponding tax benefit due to valuation allowances, the French exceptional corporate income tax surcharge, and the French business tax.

We had gross unrecognized tax benefits related to various tax jurisdictions, including interest and penalties, of $41.0 as of June 30, 2026. If recognized, the entire amount would favorably affect the effective tax rate except for $3.9. As of December 31, 2025, we had gross unrecognized tax benefits related to various tax jurisdictions, including interest and penalties, of $41.4.

We conduct business globally in various countries and territories. We are routinely audited by the tax authorities of the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate. Generally, the tax years that could be subject to examination are 2019 through 2026 for our major operations in France, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States. As of June 30, 2026, we were subject to tax audits in Belgium, Germany, India, Israel, Mexico, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States.