Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements have been included. Such adjustments consisted of normal recurring items. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are presented as permitted by Form 10-Q and do not contain certain information included in the annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes of Fiserv, Inc. (the “Company”). These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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| Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Fiserv, Inc. and its subsidiaries in which the Company holds a majority controlling financial interest. All intercompany transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation. Control is typically established when ownership and voting interests in an entity are greater than 50%. Investments in which the Company has significant influence but not control are accounted for using the equity method of accounting, for which the Company’s share of net income or loss is reported within income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated affiliates, and the related tax expense or benefit is reported within the income tax provision in the consolidated statements of income. Significant influence over an affiliate’s operations generally coincides with an ownership interest of between 20% and 50%; for partnerships and limited liability companies, an ownership interest of between 3% and 50%; or board of director representation may also constitute significant influence. Noncontrolling interests in entities of which the Company maintains a majority controlling financial interest represent the minority shareholders’ share of the net income or loss and equity in consolidated subsidiaries and are presented as a separate line item within the consolidated statements of income and as a component of equity in the consolidated balance sheets.
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S.”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and investments with original maturities of 90 days or less and are stated at cost in the consolidated balance sheets, which approximates market value. Cash and cash equivalents held on behalf of merchants and other payees are included in settlement assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The changes in settlement cash and cash equivalents are included in settlement activity, net within cash flows from financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Cash and cash equivalents that are restricted from use due to contractual or legal restrictions are included in other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
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| Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company analyzes the collectability of trade accounts receivable by considering historical bad debts and issued client credits, client creditworthiness, current economic trends, changes in client payment terms and collection trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Any change in the assumptions used in analyzing a specific account receivable may result in an additional allowance for doubtful accounts being recognized in the period in which the change occurs.
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| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets | Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:
(1)Prepaid expenses represent advance payments for goods and services to be consumed in the future. (2)Includes receivables associated with transferable federal tax credits (see Note 14). The Company offers merchants advance access to capital, primarily through its Clover Capital program. Under this program, merchants sell fixed amounts of their future credit card receivables to the Company in exchange for an up-front purchase price payment. Future credit card receivables purchased by the Company under its merchant cash advance programs, including Clover Capital, were $454 million and $598 million at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company maintained an allowance for credit losses of $29 million and $34 million at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The allowance reflects an estimate of expected credit losses based on collection performance trends, current economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, merchant cash advances, which are generally collected over a period of to twelve months, are presented on a gross basis within investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, merchant cash advances were presented on a net basis, along with settlement anticipation cash advances as described below, within investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. In May 2026, the Company entered into asset purchase and sale agreements with certain third parties providing for the monthly sale of certain future credit card receivables originated under the Company’s merchant cash advance programs described above. Aggregate proceeds, subject to additional consideration based upon specified return thresholds (see Note 8), from the sales of merchant cash advance receivables, under these arrangements were $152 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026. The Company recognizes interest-related income earned on, and gains on sales of, merchant cash advances in processing and services revenue in the consolidated statements of income (see Note 3). The Company classifies merchant cash advances as held for investment when it has the intent and ability to hold the receivables for the foreseeable future, until maturity, or until payoff. The Company classifies merchant cash advances as held for sale when it has both the intent and ability to sell all of its rights, title, and interest in the receivables to third-party investors. Transfers of receivables originated under the Company’s merchant cash advance programs to third-party investors are accounted for as sales when control has transferred and the transferred assets are legally isolated. The Company continues to service sold receivables and receives a market-based fee for servicing such third party receivables. The respective third parties maintain contractual rights, in their sole discretion, to terminate the asset servicing agreements or dissolve the entities that are party to the asset purchase and sale agreements. Advances classified as held for sale at origination are presented as a component of cash flows from operating activities, while advances held for investment at origination are presented as a component of cash flows from investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. There were no merchant cash advances classified as held for sale as of June 30, 2026. The Company also offers merchants within its international operations advance access to capital through its settlement anticipation program. Under this program, the Company provides merchants the opportunity to receive settlement cash payments in advance in exchange for their receivables from card issuers, including when cardholders have elected to pay over time in installments. These local currency denominated arrangements are primarily associated with the Company’s operations in Latin America, the most significant of which are denominated in Argentine Peso and Brazilian Real. Settlement anticipation cash advances, the majority of which are collected within 30 days, are presented on a net basis within investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
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| Settlement Assets and Obligations | Settlement Assets and Obligations Settlement assets and obligations represent intermediary balances arising from the settlement process, which involves the transfer of funds among card issuers, payment networks, processors, merchants and consumers, and collateral amounts held to manage merchant credit risk, primarily associated with the Company’s merchant acquiring services. As a processor, the Company facilitates the clearing and settlement activity for the merchant and records settlement assets and obligations upon processing a payment transaction. Settlement assets represent cash received or amounts receivable from agents, payment networks, bank partners, merchants or direct consumers. Settlement obligations represent amounts payable to merchants and payees. Certain merchant settlement assets (included within settlement receivables) that relate to settlement obligations are held by partner banks. Although the Company does not have legal ownership of these assets, it has the right to use them to satisfy the related settlement obligations. The Company records settlement obligations for amounts payable to merchants and for outstanding payment instruments issued to payees that have not yet been presented for settlement.
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| Assets Held For Sale | Assets Held For Sale The Company classifies assets (or an asset disposal group) as held for sale when there is a committed plan to sell, the assets are ready and actively being marketed, and it is probable that the sale will be completed within one year at a reasonable price. Assets, and any associated liabilities, classified as held for sale are presented separately in the consolidated balance sheets and are measured at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Upon classification as held for sale, the Company ceases depreciation and amortization of the related assets. Any subsequent changes in estimated fair value less costs to sell are recognized as gains or losses in the consolidated statements of income. Additional information regarding the Company’s assets held for sale is included in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.
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| Allowance for Merchant Credit Losses | Allowance for Merchant Credit Losses With respect to the Company’s merchant acquiring business, the Company’s merchant customers have the legal obligation to refund any charges properly reversed by the cardholder. However, in the event the Company is not able to collect the refunded amounts from the merchants, the Company may be liable for the reversed charges. The Company’s risk in this area primarily relates to situations where a cardholder has purchased goods or services to be delivered in the future. The Company requires cash deposits, guarantees, letters of credit or other types of collateral from certain merchants to mitigate this risk. Collateral held by the Company, or held by partner banks for the Company’s benefit, is classified within settlement assets, and the obligation to repay the collateral is classified within settlement obligations in the consolidated balance sheets. The amount of merchant collateral available to the Company was $518 million and $588 million at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company also utilizes a number of systems and procedures to manage merchant credit risk. Despite these efforts, the Company experiences losses due to merchant defaults. The aggregate merchant credit loss expense, recognized by the Company within cost of processing and services in the consolidated statements of income, was $32 million and $33 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $66 million and $61 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company maintains an allowance for merchant credit losses that are expected to exceed the amount of merchant collateral. The allowance includes estimated losses from anticipated chargebacks and fraud events that have been incurred on merchant payment transactions that have been processed but not yet reported to the Company, which is recorded within accounts payable and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, as well as estimated losses on refunded amounts to cardholders that have not yet been collected from the merchants, which is recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The allowance is based primarily on the Company’s historical experience of credit losses and other factors such as changes in economic conditions or increases in merchant fraud.
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| Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment is reported at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed primarily using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the leasehold period, if applicable. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company entered into sale leaseback arrangements for certain of its facilities for an aggregate net sales price of $201 million. The sale of these facilities in the first six months of 2026 resulted in an aggregate gain of $83 million recorded within net gain on sale of assets in the consolidated statement of income. The leasebacks of these facilities are classified as operating leases and are recorded as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.
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| Goodwill | Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if circumstances indicate possible impairment. Goodwill is tested for impairment at a reporting unit level, which is one level below the Company’s operating segments. During its annual impairment assessment as of October 1, 2025, the Company performed a quantitative test for each of its reporting units and determined that its goodwill was not impaired as the estimated fair values exceeded the respective carrying values for each of the Company’s reporting units. Subsequently, the Company determined that a triggering event occurred during the fourth quarter of 2025 due to a significant decline in its stock price, and therefore performed an additional quantitative goodwill impairment test for all reporting units as of December 31, 2025. The Company determined that its goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2025 as the estimated fair values exceeded the respective carrying values for each of the Company’s reporting units. At December 31, 2025, fair values exceeded carrying values by less than 15% for eight of the Company’s reporting units with an aggregate goodwill balance of $18.5 billion. The Company determined that there have been no material events or changes during the first six months of 2026 that would impact the estimates and assumptions used in the goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2025. However, it is reasonably possible that sustained decreases in the Company’s stock price; future developments related to changes in forecasted revenue growth rates or operating margins; changes in the interest or currency exchange rate environments; a shift in strategic initiatives; a deterioration in financial performance within a particular reporting unit; or significant changes in the composition of, or assumptions used in, the quantitative test for certain of the Company’s reporting units (such as an increase in risk-adjusted discount rates) could have a material impact on one or more of the estimates and assumptions used to evaluate goodwill impairment in subsequent periods. There is no accumulated goodwill impairment for the Company through June 30, 2026.
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| Foreign Currency | Foreign Currency The U.S. dollar is the functional currency of the Company’s U.S.-based and certain foreign-based businesses. Where the functional currency of subsidiaries differs from the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the reporting period. Gains and losses from foreign currency translation are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in determining net income for the reporting period. Financial statements of subsidiaries located in highly inflationary economies outside of the U.S. are remeasured into U.S. dollars, and the foreign currency gains and losses from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities are reflected in the consolidated statements of income, rather than as foreign currency translation within accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheets. The remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities of subsidiaries located in Argentina, a highly inflationary economy, resulted in foreign currency exchange losses of $30 million and $46 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $9 million and $64 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which is included within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of income. To reduce exposure to changes in the value of the Company’s net investments in certain of its foreign currency-denominated subsidiaries due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, the Company uses fixed-to-fixed cross-currency rate swap contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt as economic hedges of its net investments in such foreign currency-denominated subsidiaries. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses on the qualifying net investment hedge instruments are recorded as foreign currency translation, net of tax, within other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income and will remain in accumulated other comprehensive loss within the consolidated balance sheets until the sale or complete liquidation of the underlying foreign currency-denominated subsidiaries.
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| Derivatives | Derivatives Derivatives are entered into for periods consistent with related underlying exposures and are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as either an asset or liability measured at fair value. If the derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized in the consolidated statements of income when the hedged item affects earnings. If the derivative is designated as a net investment hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative, net of tax, are recorded in the foreign currency translation component of other comprehensive income (loss) until the sale or complete liquidation of the underlying net investment. If the derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in the same line item as the changes in the fair value of the hedged item and recognized in the consolidated statements of income. To the extent a derivative is not designated as a hedge, changes in fair value are recognized in the consolidated statements of income. The Company’s policy is to enter into derivatives as economic hedges with creditworthy institutions to limit exposure to changing interest rates and foreign currency rate fluctuations, and not to enter into such derivatives for speculative purposes. Additional information regarding the Company’s derivatives and hedging instruments is included in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements.
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| Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest The minority partner in one of the Company’s merchant alliance joint ventures previously maintained a redeemable noncontrolling 1% interest which was presented outside of equity and carried at its estimated redemption value. The minority partner was entitled to a contractually determined share of the entity’s income, and the joint venture agreement contained redemption features whereby the interest held by the minority partner was redeemable either (i) at the option of the holder or (ii) upon the occurrence of an event that was not solely within the Company’s control. Effective June 2024, the Company and the merchant alliance joint venture minority partner mutually agreed to terminate the joint venture agreement on September 1, 2024. Under the provisions of the separation agreement, the Company redeemed the minority partner’s membership interest in exchange for a future distribution of certain merchant contracts. The distribution of certain merchant contracts for the redemption of the minority partner’s membership interest was settled in the third quarter of 2025, resulting in a gain of $89 million recorded within net gain on sale of assets in the consolidated statement of income. There was no associated tax impact on this gain. The Company maintains an ongoing relationship with the former minority partner to provide processing and other support services following the termination of the joint venture agreement.
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| Interest Expense, Net | Interest Expense, Net Interest expense, net consists of interest expense primarily associated with the Company’s outstanding borrowings and finance lease obligations, as well as interest income primarily associated with the Company’s investment securities.
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncement In 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”), which provides a practical expedient for estimating expected credit losses on current trade receivables and contract assets by assuming that current conditions persist over the life of these assets. For all entities, the provisions within ASU 2025-05 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and for interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The provisions within ASU 2025-05 are required to be applied prospectively. The Company adopted ASU 2025-05 effective January 1, 2026, and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements (“ASU 2025-09”), which is intended to more closely align hedge accounting with the economics of an entity’s risk management activities. ASU 2025-09 includes targeted improvements, primarily related to cash flow hedging, involving expanded eligibility for grouping individual forecasted transactions with similar risk exposure; the addition of an alternative model for the application of hedge accounting to cash flow hedges of interest payments on choose-your-rate debt instruments; the ability to designate a variable price component of a forecasted purchase or sale of a nonfinancial asset; and refines the guidance for net written options as hedging instruments and for a dual hedge strategy involving foreign currency denominated debt. For public entities, the provisions within ASU 2025-09 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim reporting periods within those fiscal years. The provisions within ASU 2025-09 are required to be applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing the provisions of ASU 2025-09; however, the Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2025-09 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. In 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”), which requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories in disclosures within the footnotes to the financial statements. Under ASU 2024-03, entities will be required to disaggregate information, in tabular format, about specific natural expense categories underlying certain income statement expense line items that are considered ‘relevant’, such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization. Additionally, ASU 2024-03 requires the disclosure of selling expenses, along with how an entity defines such expenses. For public entities, the provisions within ASU 2024-03 (as further clarified through ASU No. 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)) are effective for the first annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The provisions within ASU 2024-03 are required to be applied prospectively; however, such provisions may be applied retrospectively for all comparative periods following the effective date. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2024-03 will have on its consolidated financial statement disclosures. In 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software (“ASU 2025-06”), to modernize the accounting guidance for costs to develop software for internal use. ASU 2025-06 amends the existing standard that refers to various stages of a software development project to better align with current software development methods, such as agile programming. Under ASU 2025-06, cost capitalization begins when management has authorized and committed to funding the project, and it is probable the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform its intended function. For all entities, the provisions within ASU 2025-06 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and for interim reporting periods within those fiscal years. The provisions within ASU 2025-06 can be applied either retrospectively through a cumulative-effect adjustment, prospectively to software costs incurred after the adoption date (on existing, in-process software projects or new projects), or on a modified prospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2025-06 will have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. In 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-10, Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities (“ASU 2025-10”), which amends Topic 832 to provide specific guidance on the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of government grants received by business entities, including both monetary and certain non-monetary grants. For public entities, the provisions within ASU 2025-10 are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2028, with early adoption permitted. The provisions within ASU 2025-10 can be applied either on a modified prospective, modified retrospective, or on a retrospective approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2025-10 will have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company generates revenue from the delivery of processing, service and product solutions. Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer, and excludes any amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer which may be at a point in time or over time. Contract assets, reported within other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheets, primarily relate to customer discounts (contract incentives) where revenue is recognized and payment of consideration under the contract is contingent upon the transfer of services to a customer over the contractual period. Contract liabilities primarily relate to advance consideration received from customers (deferred revenue) for which transfer of control occurs, and therefore revenue is recognized, as services are provided. Contract balances are reported in a net contract asset or liability position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.The Company applies the optional exemption under ASC 606 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations for account- and transaction-based processing fees that qualify for recognition under the as-invoiced practical expedient. These multi-year contracts contain variable consideration for stand-ready performance obligations for which the exact quantity and mix of transactions to be processed are contingent upon the customer’s request. The Company also applies the optional exemptions under ASC 606 and does not disclose information for variable consideration that is a sales-based or usage-based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property or that is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service in a series. The amounts disclosed above as remaining performance obligations consist primarily of fixed or monthly minimum processing fees and maintenance fees under contracts with an original expected duration of greater than one year.
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| Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The fair values of cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, other current assets, settlement assets and obligations, accounts payable, and client deposits approximate their respective carrying values due to the short period of time to maturity. Derivative instruments maintained by the Company (see Note 7) are measured on a recurring basis based on benchmark interest rates, foreign currency spot rates and forwards quoted by banks and foreign currency dealers and are marked to market each period. Deferred consideration related to the sale of future credit card receivables originated under the Company’s merchant cash advance programs (see Note 1) is estimated based on expected future cash collections of the sold receivables. Contingent consideration related to certain of the Company’s acquisitions (see Note 4) is estimated using a probability-weighted assessment approach based on the likelihood of achieving the earn-out criteria. The fair value of the Company’s contingent liability for current expected credit losses associated with its debt guarantees, as further described below, is estimated based on assumptions of future risk of default and the corresponding level of credit losses at the time of default.
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