v3.26.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2026
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. The condensed consolidated financial statements, including the condensed notes thereto, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in audited financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring items, so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Company’s subsidiaries, and joint ventures in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain amounts in the Company's prior period Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The Company aggregated the par value of each share class previously reported as separate financial statement line items into a single financial statement line item for par value of all share classes. Such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported totals or subtotals in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity.
Additionally, certain amounts in the Company's prior period Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Specifically, payments of withholding taxes upon the delivery of equity‑based awards, which were previously included in proceeds from the issuance of common stock, are now presented separately. Such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported totals or subtotals in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Principles of Consolidation
The Company consolidates all entities in which it has a controlling financial interest through majority ownership or voting rights and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) whereby the Company is the primary beneficiary. In determining whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in a partially owned entity and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, the Company considers whether the entity is a VIE and whether the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE when it has (i) the power to direct the most significant activities impacting the economic performance of the VIE, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits significant to the VIE. Entities that do not qualify as VIEs are generally considered voting interest entities (“VOEs”) and are evaluated for consolidation under the voting interest model. VOEs are consolidated when the Company controls the entity through a majority voting interest or other means.
For consolidated subsidiaries, the non-controlling interest’s share of the assets, liabilities, and operations is included in non-controlling interests as equity of the Company. The non-controlling interest is generally computed as the non-controlling interest's ownership percentage. Certain of the subsidiaries formed by the Company provide the non-controlling interest a profits interest based on certain internal rate of return hurdles being achieved. Any profits interest due to the non-controlling interest is also reported within non-controlling interests.
The Company considers the DSTs to be VIEs due to the master lease structure, the FMV Option, and the guarantee of the master lease payments by BREIT OP. The Company determined it was the primary beneficiary of the DSTs and has consolidated them in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. All of the rental revenues and operating property expenses of the DST Properties are included in their respective line items on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The DST Interests are presented as Non-controlling Interests Attributable to Consolidated Subsidiaries on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are allocated their share of the DST Properties' income or loss based on the master lease payments they receive. The DST Interest's share of income and loss is reported in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as Net Loss Attributable to Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries. Amounts paid to the investors of each DST, which are based on the guaranteed master lease payments, may be greater or less than the net amount of the revenues and expenses from the underlying DST Properties, and may fluctuate over time.
When the requirements for consolidation are not met and the Company has significant influence over the operations of the entity, the investment is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Investments in unconsolidated entities for which the Company has not elected the fair value option (“FVO”) are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for the Company’s pro-rata share of net income, contributions and distributions. When the Company elects the FVO, the Company records its share of net asset value of the entity and any related unrealized gains and losses.
The Company owns certain subordinate securities in CMBS securitizations that give the Company certain rights with respect to the underlying loans that serve as collateral for the CMBS securitization. In particular, these subordinate securities typically give the holder the right to direct certain activities of the securitization on behalf of all securityholders, which could impact the securitization's overall economic performance. Such rights, along with the obligation to absorb losses and receive benefits from the ownership of the subordinate securities, require consolidation of these securitizations, which are considered VIEs under GAAP.
As of June 30, 2026, the total assets and liabilities of the Company’s consolidated VIEs, excluding BREIT OP, were $31.7 billion and $22.3 billion, respectively, compared to $36.1 billion and $26.3 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2025. Such amounts are included on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may ultimately differ materially from those estimates.
Fair Value Measurements
Under normal market conditions, the fair value of an investment is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price). The Company uses a hierarchical framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the investment, and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Investments with readily available actively quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.
Investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following levels within the fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 — quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the measurement date. The Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments.
Level 2 — quoted prices are available in markets that are not active or model inputs are based on inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date.
Level 3 — pricing inputs are unobservable and include instances where there is minimal, if any, market activity for the investment. These inputs require significant judgment or estimation by management or third parties when determining fair value and generally represent anything that does not meet the criteria of Levels 1 and 2. Due to the inherent uncertainty of these estimates, these values may differ materially from the values that would have been used had a ready market for these investments existed.
Valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value
The Company’s investments in real estate debt are reported at fair value. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s investments in real estate debt, directly or indirectly, consisted of commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) and residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”), which are securities backed by one or more mortgage loans secured by real estate assets, as well as corporate bonds, term loans, mezzanine loans, and other investments in debt issued by real estate-related companies or secured by real estate assets. The Company generally determines the fair value of its investments in real estate debt by utilizing third party pricing service providers whenever available.
In determining the fair value of a particular investment, pricing service providers may use broker-dealer quotations, reported trades or valuation estimates from their internal pricing models. The pricing service providers’ internal models for securities such as real estate debt generally consider the attributes applicable to a particular class of the security (e.g., credit rating, seniority), current market data, and estimated cash flows for each security, and incorporate specific collateral performance, as applicable.
Certain of the Company’s investments in real estate debt, such as mezzanine loans and other investments, are unlikely to have readily available market quotations. In such cases, the Company will generally determine the initial value based on the acquisition price of such investment if acquired by the Company or the par value of such investment if originated by the Company. Following the initial measurement, the Company generally engages third party service providers to perform valuations for such investments. The third party service provider will determine fair value by utilizing or reviewing certain of the following (i) market yield data, (ii) discounted cash flow modeling, (iii) collateral asset performance, (iv) local or macro real estate performance, (v) capital market conditions, (vi) debt yield or loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, and (vii) borrower financial condition and performance. Refer to Note 5 for additional details on the Company’s investments in real estate debt.
For CMBS securitizations the Company consolidates, it has elected to apply the measurement alternative under GAAP and measures both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the securitizations using the fair value of such financial liabilities, which it considers more observable than the fair value of such financial assets.
The Company has elected the FVO for certain of its investments in unconsolidated entities and therefore, reports these investments at fair value. The Company separately values the assets and liabilities of the investments in unconsolidated entities. To determine the fair value of the real estate assets of the investments in unconsolidated entities, the Company utilizes a discounted cash flow methodology, taking into consideration various factors including discount rate and exit capitalization rate. The Company utilizes third party service providers to perform valuations of the indebtedness of the investments in unconsolidated entities. The fair value of the indebtedness of the investments in unconsolidated entities is determined by modeling the cash flows and discounting them back to the present value using the weighted average cost of debt. Additionally, current market rates and conditions are considered by evaluating similar borrowing agreements with comparable LTV ratios and credit profiles. After the fair value of the assets and liabilities are determined, the Company applies its ownership interest to the net asset value and reflects this amount as its investments in unconsolidated entities at fair value. The inputs used in determining the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities carried at fair value are considered Level 3. The Company discloses the weighted average cost of capital, which combines the discount rate on the fair value of real estate and the weighted average cost of debt on the fair value of the indebtedness, and the exit capitalization rate as key Level 3 inputs.
The Company’s derivative financial instruments are reported at fair value and consist of foreign currency and interest rate contracts. The Company determines the fair values of its foreign currency and interest rate contracts by utilizing a third party derivative specialist. The fair values for foreign currency and interest rate contracts were based on contractual cash flows and observable inputs comprising yield curves, foreign currency rates and credit spreads (Level 2 inputs).
The following table details the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2026December 31, 2025
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:
Investments in real estate debt, at fair value(1)
$— $3,101,124 $647,432 $3,748,556 $— $3,282,457 $754,693 $4,037,150 
Real estate loans held by consolidated securitization vehicles, at fair value— 4,095,346 — 4,095,346 — 6,975,460 — 6,975,460 
Investments in unconsolidated entities— — 3,744,156 3,744,156 — — 3,843,300 3,843,300 
Interest rate and foreign currency hedging derivatives(2)
— 956,855 — 956,855 — 960,328 — 960,328 
Total$— $8,153,325 $4,391,588 $12,544,913 $— $11,218,245 $4,597,993 $15,816,238 
Liabilities:
Senior obligations of consolidated securitization vehicles, at fair value$— $3,544,320 $— $3,544,320 $— $6,284,112 $— $6,284,112 
Interest rate and foreign currency hedging derivatives(3)
— 16,420 — 16,420 — 24,274 — 24,274 
Total$— $3,560,740 $— $3,560,740 $— $6,308,386 $— $6,308,386 
(1)Excludes $80.1 million and $96.6 million of investments measured at fair value using net asset value as a practical expedient that are not classified in the fair value hierarchy, as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(2)Included in Other Assets in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3)Included in Other Liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table details the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs ($ in thousands):
Investments in
Real Estate Debt, at Fair Value
Investments in
Unconsolidated Entities
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2025$754,693 $3,843,300 $4,597,993 
Purchases and contributions— 321 321 
Sales and repayments(108,954)— (108,954)
Distributions received— (114,312)(114,312)
Included in net income (loss)
Income from unconsolidated entities measured at fair value
— 14,847 14,847 
Realized gain53 — 53 
Unrealized gain
1,640 — 1,640 
Balance as of June 30, 2026$647,432 $3,744,156 $4,391,588 
The following tables contain the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2026
Fair ValueValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputsWeighted Average RateImpact to Valuation from an Increase in Input
Assets
Investments in real estate debt$647,432 
Yield method
Market yield
8.8%Decrease
Investments in unconsolidated entities$3,744,156 Discounted cash flow
Weighted average cost of capital
8.7%Decrease
Exit capitalization rate
5.5%Decrease

December 31, 2025
Fair ValueValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputsWeighted Average RateImpact to Valuation from an Increase in Input
Assets
Investments in real estate debt$754,693 
Yield method
Market yield
9.0%Decrease
Investments in unconsolidated entities$3,843,300 
Discounted cash flow
Weighted average cost of capital
9.0%Decrease
Exit capitalization rate
5.5%Decrease
Valuation of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
Certain of the Company’s assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments, such as when there is evidence of impairment, and therefore measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The Company reviews its real estate properties for impairment each quarter or when there is an event or change in circumstances that indicates the carrying amount of the real estate may not be recoverable. If the GAAP depreciated cost basis of a real estate investment exceeds the undiscounted cash flows of such real estate investment, the investment is considered impaired and the GAAP depreciated cost basis is reduced to the fair value of the investment. The impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its fair value. The evaluation of anticipated future cash flows is highly subjective and is based in part on assumptions regarding future occupancy, rental rates, capital requirements and anticipated holding periods that could differ materially from actual results. Since cash flows on real estate properties considered to be “long-lived assets to be held and used” are considered on an undiscounted basis to determine whether an asset has been impaired, the Company’s strategy of holding properties over the long term decreases the likelihood of recording an impairment loss. If the Company’s strategy changes or market conditions otherwise dictate an earlier sale date, an impairment loss may be recognized and such loss could be material to the Company’s results.
During the three months ended June 30, 2026, the Company recognized $80.0 million of impairment charges related to held and used real estate investments, which were the result of updates to the undiscounted cash flow assumptions. The cumulative fair value of such real estate investments at the time of impairment was $95.7 million, and was estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow method. The significant unobservable inputs utilized in the analysis were the discount rate (Level 3), which ranged from 7.2% to 11.4%, and the exit capitalization rate (Level 3), which ranged from 4.9% to 10.5%.
Additionally, during the three months ended June 30, 2026, the Company recognized $19.3 million, of impairment charges related to certain held-for-sale real estate investments where their GAAP carrying amount exceeded their fair value, less estimated closing costs. The fair value, less estimated costs to sell, of such real estate investments at the time of impairment was $173.7 million as of June 30, 2026. The significant input utilized in the analysis was the purchase price, which is considered a Level 2 input. Refer to Note 3 for additional details of the impairments.
Valuation of liabilities not measured at fair value
As of both June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair value of the Company’s mortgage loans, secured term loans, secured revolving credit facilities, secured financings on investments in real estate debt, and unsecured revolving credit facilities was $0.5 billion below carrying value. Fair value of the Company’s indebtedness is estimated by modeling the cash flows required by the Company’s debt agreements and discounting them back to the present value using its equity discount rate. Additionally, current market rates and conditions are considered by evaluating similar borrowing agreements with comparable loan-to-value ratios and credit profiles. The Company utilizes third party service providers to perform these valuations. The significant inputs used in determining the fair value of the Company’s indebtedness are considered Level 3.
Earnings Per Share
Basic net loss per share of common stock is determined by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. All classes of common stock receive the same gross distribution per share. All classes of common stock are allocated net income or loss before management fees and performance participation allocation at the same rate per share, and are then adjusted to reflect class‑specific management fees and performance participation allocations.
The restricted stock grants of Class I shares held by our directors and incentive compensation awards of Class I shares to certain employees of portfolio company service providers and certain employees of indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of BREIT are considered to be participating securities because they contain non-forfeitable rights to distributions. The impact of these restricted stock grants and incentive compensation awards on basic and diluted earnings per common share (“EPS”) has been calculated using the two-class method whereby earnings are allocated to the restricted stock grants and incentive compensation awards based on dividends declared and the restricted stocks’ and incentive compensation awards' participation rights in undistributed earnings. As of June 30, 2026 and 2025, the effects of using the two-class method for these restricted stock grants and incentive compensation awards were not material to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company’s stock-based compensation consists of incentive compensation awards issued to certain employees of April Housing and American Campus Communities (“ACC”), all of which are consolidated subsidiaries of BREIT, and certain employees of portfolio company service providers owned by Blackstone-advised investment vehicles. Such awards vest over time and stock-based compensation expense is recognized for these awards using a graded vesting attribution method over the applicable vesting period of each award, based on the value of the awards on their grant date, as adjusted for forfeitures. The awards are subject to service periods ranging from three to four years. The vesting conditions that are based on the Company achieving certain returns, or other key performance metrics, over a stated hurdle amount are considered market conditions. The achievement of returns, or other key performance metrics, over the stated hurdle amounts, which affect the quantity of awards that vest, is considered a performance condition. If the Company determines it is probable that the performance conditions will be met, the value of the award will be amortized over the service periods, as adjusted for forfeitures. If the Company determines it is not probable that the performance conditions will be met, the value of the award is considered zero and any previous amortization will be reversed. The number of awards expected to vest is evaluated each reporting period and compensation expense is recognized for those awards for which achievement of the performance criteria is considered probable.
Refer to Note 10 for additional information on the awards issued to certain employees of portfolio companies owned by Blackstone-advised investment vehicles. The following table details the incentive compensation awards issued to certain employees of April Housing and ACC ($ in thousands):
December 31, 2025For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026June 30, 2026
Plan YearUnrecognized Compensation CostValue of Awards Issued
Forfeiture of Unvested Awards
Amortization of Compensation Cost
Unrecognized Compensation CostRemaining Amortization Period
2023$1,369 $— $— $(702)$667 0.5 year
20244,727 — (175)(1,416)3,136 1.3 years
20259,347 — (516)(2,081)6,750 2.0 years
2026— 16,452 (63)(2,742)13,647 2.8 years
Total$15,443 $16,452 $(754)$(6,941)$24,200 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2025-11, “Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow Scope Improvements,” which amends the guidance in ASC 270, Interim Reporting. The update enhances interim disclosure requirements by clarifying the information that must be presented in quarterly periods, including improved transparency regarding significant events, accounting policy updates, and material developments that occur between annual reporting dates. ASU 2025-11 also aligns certain interim reporting requirements more closely with annual disclosure objectives to promote consistency and comparability. The amendments are effective for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and early adoption is permitted. The Company did not early adopt ASU 2025-11 and is still evaluating the impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements,” which amends the guidance in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. The update refines certain hedge accounting requirements, including clarifications to the designation and documentation criteria for hedge relationships, improvements to the assessment of hedge effectiveness, and enhanced disclosures intended to provide greater transparency into an entity’s risk management activities involving derivatives. ASU 2025-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those annual periods, and early adoption is permitted. The Company did not early adopt ASU 2025-09 and is still evaluating the impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 “Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires disclosures in the notes to the financial statements on specified information about certain costs and expenses for each interim and annual reporting period. ASU 2024-03 is effective on a prospective basis, with the option for retrospective application, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company did not early adopt ASU 2024-03 and is still evaluating the impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.