The components of costs incurred in connection with restructuring initiatives, acquisitions, divestitures and cost-reduction/productivity initiatives are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	2026		2025		2026		2025
Restructuring charges and certain acquisition and divestiture-related costs:
Acquisition-related costs	$	2	$	1	$	4	$	1



Restructuring charges, net(a):
Employee termination costs, net	74		5		94		5

Asset impairment charges	—		22		—		22
Exit costs	1		2		1		2
Total Restructuring charges and certain acquisition and divestiture-related costs	$	77	$	30	$	99	$	30

(a) Restructuring charges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 were primarily driven by employee termination costs under a comprehensive cost and productivity program, with the six-month period also reflecting employee termination costs from additional organizational structure refinements.

Restructuring charges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily consisted of asset impairment charges and employee termination costs related to a transition from internal to external innovation and manufacturing of certain products and the closure of a related site.



(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	Accrual
Balance, December 31, 2025(a)	$	25
Provision	95


Utilization and other(b)	(25)

Balance, June 30, 2026(a)	$	95

(a) At June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, included in Accrued expenses ($93 million and $23 million, respectively) and Other noncurrent liabilities ($2 million).