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    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_RangeMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_RangeMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties_019e69c9-65b7-716c-b060-d5f10a870491_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Creditable against royalties</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreement, Upfront Payment Receivable, Amount Creditable Against Royalties</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreement, Upfront Payment Receivable, Amount Creditable Against Royalties</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAmountCreditableAgainstRoyalties"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_019e69c9-64dd-7bcf-b0b8-97cccf1dd0c2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable_019e69c9-64dd-70cb-b6b1-14aca01818d9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnNonrecurringBasisTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-7594-ad1a-e958619d77dc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnNonrecurringBasisTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnNonrecurringBasisTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnNonrecurringBasisTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnNonrecurringBasisTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnNonrecurringBasisTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NetProceedsFromTheExerciseOfStockBasedAwards_019e69c9-65b7-7b2a-a791-fc41d25f0dfb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NetProceedsFromTheExerciseOfStockBasedAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from the exercise of stock-based awards, net of tax withholding</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NetProceedsFromTheExerciseOfStockBasedAwards_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NetProceedsFromTheExerciseOfStockBasedAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net Proceeds From The Exercise Of Stock-Based Awards</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NetProceedsFromTheExerciseOfStockBasedAwards_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NetProceedsFromTheExerciseOfStockBasedAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net Proceeds From The Exercise Of Stock-Based Awards</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_019e69c9-65b7-71bf-91bb-6b1d45bdd63d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Plan [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue_019e69c9-65b7-75ac-bc6d-68cc1fe646c7_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized at June&#160;30, 2026 and December&#160;31, 2025; 168,165,416 shares issued and 164,815,529 shares outstanding at June&#160;30, 2026 and 164,969,773 shares issued and 162,575,937 shares outstanding at December&#160;31, 2025</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-75d1-9216-edbdc8f2907b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Long Term Debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Long-Term Debt Instruments [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtInstrumentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_019e69c9-65b8-73e0-9edf-9ffa174ba676_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:to="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue_019e69c9-65b7-7681-82c4-2f7c19802ecb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total licensing, royalties, and other revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensing, Royalties, And Other Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensing, Royalties, And Other Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue" xlink:to="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherRevenue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_019e69c9-65b8-757f-9d86-3f05ca5d0778_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for excess and obsolete inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Write-down</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance_019e69c9-65b7-7ae9-bebf-d07ccf26bc53_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares available for issuance (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available For Issuance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available For Issuance</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForIssuance" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable_019e69c9-64dd-7438-a8d6-b7db505d51c2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Grants receivable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Grants Receivable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_GrantsReceivable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GrantsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_019e69c9-65b7-7e2c-9a6b-1989959c97c3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for credit losses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag_019e69c9-65b8-74e0-98d1-b1feeedfa917_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-73cd-9a47-eac0437f7c1a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b8-7684-8315-50e2b46f2185_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments_019e69c9-65b7-7ba3-b9db-60fff15a9709_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Finance lease payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Finance Lease, Principal Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeasePrincipalPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember_019e69c9-64dd-75df-907d-32dea62b7e74_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Transition Services</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Transition Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Transition Services</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TransitionServicesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TransitionServicesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_TransitionServicesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_TransitionServicesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember_019e69c9-65b7-702c-8e25-421a09130aa2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nuvaxovid sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nuvaxovid Sales [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nuvaxovid Sales</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidSalesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_019e69c9-64dd-72e5-8e9f-b9d9c40ce668_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Unrealized Losses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7df2-8c7d-33c6d61121b8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Investments Classified as Available-for-sale</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember_019e69c9-65b7-7234-aa0c-66d27518ab48_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront fee amortization</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Fee Amortization [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Fee Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAmortizationMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage_019e69c9-64dd-7bbb-ac60-cebe170028d2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment penalty percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Prepayment Penalty Percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Prepayment Penalty Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPenaltyPercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_019e69c9-65b8-7f72-8943-7febd37414eb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Granted (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_019e69c9-64dd-7ec6-b6c2-146879e6ae3a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_019e69c9-64dd-716a-87cb-59951da6d485_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Transaction and Translation Adjustment, Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_019e69c9-65b7-71dc-8aef-3892227f0551_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value per share (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract_019eb14f-e9f3-751d-9fb0-00734a684cc4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_019e69c9-64dd-73af-a6b4-03584a159513_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding and Unvested, beginning balance (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_019e69c9-64dd-7feb-a9b2-ed1abd517306_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding and Unvested, ending balance (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_019e69c9-64dd-7b2d-b927-6c45867a207a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Basic (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_019e69c9-64dd-78e5-ae9d-cfbe16734e63_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">&#8203;Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_019e69c9-65b7-7f0b-888e-09c21a65d30e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Arrangements and Non-arrangement Transactions [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments_019e69c9-65b7-7d2e-a6a2-e8b7a7518003_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of reportable segments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Reportable Segments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-7267-93cf-2b97e96c4a56_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember_019e69c9-65b7-7c42-b00d-726d052303fa_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Australia Revenue Agency Member</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Australia Revenue Agency Member [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Australia Revenue Agency Member</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_AustraliaRevenueAgencyMemberMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue_019e69c9-65b7-7b4f-96fb-4bb0938fbc93_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Deferred Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss_019e69c9-65b7-7f66-a3a2-34e04e9a8c2b_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amortized Cost&#8203;</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost, Excluding Accrued Interest, before Allowance for Credit Loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleAmortizedCostExcludingAccruedInterestBeforeAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7f0f-9c56-21033a81c019_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income (loss):</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019e69c9-65b7-7f48-b9ea-037d4399ceab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_019e69c9-65b8-7770-9409-431cfe66b03b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of transaction price not yet satisfied</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:to="lab_nvax_RemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-7844-8bc5-9afe42096036_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-Based Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7683-8b07-7b73f3a7e3fe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_019e69c9-65b8-7fed-afff-63d6de90fc29_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units vested (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019e69c9-64dd-7c2f-a9ea-c912420108b4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-7c02-adae-22f116b5c5f8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Basis of Presentation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_019e69c9-65b8-7e98-ae69-2c71458ee1a4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ProductMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross_019e69c9-65b8-7280-979f-bef1785b851d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Issuance Costs, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd_019e69c9-64dd-76f3-a9f8-8d0d4eadea6e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate at Period End</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityInterestRateAtPeriodEnd" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic_019e69c9-65b7-745d-b538-653534abb0f8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss), basic</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease_019e69c9-65b7-7a86-8d3b-58c4b53c6b56_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage increase of shares each anniversary</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Percentage of Annual Increase</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Percentage of Annual Increase</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPercentageOfAnnualIncrease" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_019e69c9-64dd-7ce6-9d22-1c3cd107a303_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Level 2</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7119-989a-ae2df6db082f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense):</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member_019e69c9-64dd-782b-82dd-da9c70d5e7f2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 4</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 4 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 4</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_Tranche4Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_Tranche4Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_Tranche4Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_Tranche4Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_019e69c9-64dd-76e4-85f6-7b05d325e02f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_019e69c9-65b7-7b8a-8349-d3416faa7f8f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_country_US_019e69c9-65b7-735e-bdc1-e1f1fc5371b4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_US" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">United States</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_country_US_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_US" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED STATES</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_country_US" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026/country-2026.xsd#country_US"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_country_US" xlink:to="lab_country_US" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount_019e69c9-65b7-7b5f-b12e-550c18a10a66_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation capitalized</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Amount Capitalized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable_019e69c9-65b7-7057-8fa1-66c91438d9d7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Long-Term Debt Instruments [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Long-Term Debt Instruments [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable_019e69c9-65b7-7d00-a1eb-7b900acd24c0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee, Sale of Stock by Subsidiary or Equity Investee [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee, Sale of Stock, Type [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-74ca-b443-f0dc110f3232_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_019e69c9-65b7-7991-a70d-12d6eb16b391_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Capital Expenditures Incurred but Not yet Paid</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-73c6-b327-e194e1ff0e4f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates_019e69c9-64dd-74c4-911a-6778a2667e8c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Use of Estimates</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_UseOfEstimates"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember_019e69c9-64dd-7c2f-8364-fc5d71253e60_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unsecured Debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unsecured Debt [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_UnsecuredDebtMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract_019e69c9-65b8-7bab-81a9-9738dce4a6a4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_019e69c9-65b7-78e1-bb86-82aad9b43e55_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember_019e69c9-64dd-7839-a50f-448eb9cf6d02_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Direct CIC and influenza vaccines</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC And Influenza Vaccines [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC And Influenza Vaccines</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CICAndInfluenzaVaccinesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis_019e69c9-65b7-70da-8da0-a85169834cbf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment Year [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment Year [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment Year</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis" xlink:to="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_019e69c9-65b7-75e3-b0ef-42bba51c69ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued under incentive programs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation stock issued under incentive program</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Value of stock issued issued under incentive programs.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt_019e69c9-65b7-7c8c-90aa-1debf8c6af9f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt_019e9820-c917-733d-8b28-03d9e107e450_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable_019e69c9-65b7-7662-b5af-2746364a8031_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue refund</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract With Customer, Liability, Potentially Refundable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract With Customer, Liability, Potentially Refundable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityPotentiallyRefundable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019e69c9-65b7-7e3d-b177-b690dc1f753d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-79dd-99fc-a16f3c564452_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Reconcile Net Income to Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activity, Increase (Decrease) in Operating Capital [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_019e69c9-65b7-7c18-bf40-6e97eb2d788d_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by investing activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activity, Including Discontinued Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in Compensation Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in the Compensation Table [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsExclgValRprtdInSummryCompstnTblMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-7e1d-904d-142d59d48d25_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities held for sale</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b8-767c-a2a4-99cb0d0d1160_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-782d-8a40-b9325fa1828e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss) per share:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share, Basic [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-77f1-bd25-7782d68cf4b7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Deficit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-73db-a59d-5bdad5fdb7a1_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Expenses:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019e69c9-65b8-7504-ae21-a92376e4071c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_019e69c9-65b7-7d68-ba22-60e2a344281c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt instrument, contractual term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue_019e69c9-64dd-7ed1-8fb7-d09ec411a549_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, cost basis, 3,349,887 shares at June&#160;30, 2026 and 2,393,836 shares at December&#160;31, 2025</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Common, Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage_019e69c9-65b7-788c-8ed0-8f73e6fa0cdd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt instrument, interest rate, effective percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Effective Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted_019e69c9-65b7-7bd5-b3a8-becc185e7483_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss), dilutive</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToParentDiluted" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_019e69c9-65b7-7927-8519-c08e0ae3065f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Granted (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_019e69c9-65b7-7c2b-8544-c52e2f9485ed_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany_019e69c9-65b7-720d-b054-c2ae33291afb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized_019e69c9-65b8-7f4a-bf2b-95bdedc7294b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables_019e69c9-64dd-7fb1-a89e-ef410a834726_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Billed contracts receivable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Billed Contracts Receivable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7726-bb3b-ba2c50892ed7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-77ea-ae6b-3b8051ca6cf3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per Share</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Recovery, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable_019e69c9-65b8-703a-b117-e8598abaa3b2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unbilled contracts receivable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unbilled Contracts Receivable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7b0f-95a8-79b8c9147185_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss) per share:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing, How MNPI Considered</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing, How MNPI Considered [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_019e69c9-64dd-7f82-b491-d7654f76a153_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Peer Group Issuers, Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Peer Group Issuers, Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TakedaMember_019e9776-0711-73ed-82a1-a2239b362975_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TakedaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Takeda</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TakedaMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TakedaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Takeda [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TakedaMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TakedaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Takeda</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TakedaMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TakedaMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_TakedaMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_TakedaMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-748b-99d6-cce67a12318d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Product Sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Entity-Wide Information Not Provided as Part of Reportable Segment, Product and Service, Revenue [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities_019e69c9-65b7-78e7-a046-038e7e5159ca_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_TradingSymbol_019e69c9-65b8-747d-af4d-e7310ae2f2a1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_TradingSymbol_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest_019e69c9-65b7-7836-89bd-fd03a22230a4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair&#160;Value&#8203;</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest_019e9705-4ffa-7147-913c-9b9eea7e9637_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterest" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_019e69c9-65b7-7ea2-8b8b-e9c8d02631d2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prior Year End Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Any Prior Year that Fail to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Covered Year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prior Year End Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Any Prior Year that Fail to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Covered Year [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_FrValAsOfPrrYrEndOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInPrrYrsFldVstngCondsDrngCvrdYrMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount_019e69c9-65b7-7f1e-bd6f-ea7d5f48d260_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative agreement, upfront payment amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreement, Upfront Payment Receivable, Annual Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreement, Upfront Payment Receivable, Annual Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborativeAgreementUpfrontPaymentReceivableAnnualAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pension Adjustments Prior Service Cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pension Adjustments Prior Service Cost [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsPrrSvcCstMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7e0b-b9b6-50dde1437926_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">&#8203;Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7922-acca-ef8bc05bbdd8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Denominator:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Name</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain_019e69c9-65b7-763f-b5a9-c5dd4a79e9c5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Stock, Name of Transaction [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Stock [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_019e69c9-64dd-7912-beae-8330e3b8a7ef_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-7b0c-9a3a-ca98a5f6bfce_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts_019e69c9-65b7-75c3-a4b8-864b9fef513b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization and accretion of debt issuance and exit costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs and Discounts</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCostsAndDiscounts" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee_019e69c9-65b7-74ce-94b1-5625f43db121_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Credit Agreement exit fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Exit Fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Exit Fee</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFee" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate_019e69c9-64dd-7e07-a375-7fb6bfb2c03b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Percentage Bearing Fixed Interest, Percentage Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtPercentageBearingFixedInterestRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-772d-9d6e-39a47df07dd6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services, and Deferred Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services, and Deferred Revenue [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services, and Deferred Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax_019e69c9-65b7-7bf5-868d-4611d9c25095_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax_019e69c9-65b7-7de2-92ce-05f1e77ee9a1_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">OCI, Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Gain (Loss), after Adjustment and Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember_019e69c9-64dd-7a92-b064-1f72ff024c46_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year Three</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year Three [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year Three</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_YearThreeMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_YearThreeMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_YearThreeMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_YearThreeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations_019e69c9-64dd-70d0-8c79-e7a6ee685eb9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalent, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalent, Discontinued Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_019f7eb2-7377-7950-94b2-3810d194d63b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Noncash Investing and Financing Items [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_019e69c9-64dd-7917-8de0-8bf3fe5b9452_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long term debt, gross</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_019e69c9-64dd-7b22-95e1-5c24cd1f4691_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain_019e69c9-64dd-72b5-837b-b96da323237e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_019e69c9-64dd-7ce3-81e5-baa54320aa9d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Nonproduction</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7041-9834-5a29b62add57_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Activities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activity, Including Discontinued Operation [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Recovery Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_019e69c9-65b7-79b0-8606-92db04fd5ed0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Capitalized contract cost, amortization</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Capitalized Contract Cost, Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Individual:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_IndividualAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:to="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b7-7088-a318-04dccf060968_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b7-7bb4-9f66-48898c7723e3_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">&#8203;Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, dilutive (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_019e69c9-65b8-7c1c-8ea4-a8aa196d404c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue Recognition</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019e69c9-65b7-7ff7-82e1-7e04bb16dac4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Valuation Assumption Difference, Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Valuation Assumption Difference, Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Security Market Price Change</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Security Market Price Change, Percent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:to="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_019e69c9-65b7-7a0a-9106-b0e608fce7b2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from credit facility, net of issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Lines of Credit</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset_019e69c9-65b8-7821-b211-4760b7170b6b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Right-of-use assets from new lease agreements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Cash Related Transactions For Finance Lease, Right-Of-Use Asset</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Cash Related Transactions For Finance Lease, Right-Of-Use Asset</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="lab_nvax_NonCashRelatedTransactionsForFinanceLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember_019e69c9-64dd-7d6c-bad9-aa9aed4a6a39_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">US Treasury Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_USTreasurySecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_019e69c9-65b7-754f-9271-6ef2bb535cd5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_019e69c9-65b7-764b-a68a-0320cb2f084f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity_019e69c9-65b7-7f4d-bf2f-d5cb9fadb83e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Loan facility, current available capacity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility, Current Borrowing Capacity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCurrentBorrowingCapacity" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate_019e69c9-64dd-75d6-a964-0a6657fe6674_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum discount rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Discount from Market Price, Purchase Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Predetermined</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Predetermined [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements_019e69c9-65b7-7aec-99ad-c7e102789da7_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures, including internal-use software</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Payments for Capital Improvements</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForCapitalImprovements" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember_019e69c9-65b7-72dc-99e7-0e8ac3e80bde_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Common [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-72ae-b8c6-3f717f291f74_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Interest Expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense Related to Long Term Debt [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of interest expense related to convertible notes.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7421-b2de-199a50f10b93_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Asset, Goodwill and Other [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Asset, Goodwill and Other [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_019e69c9-64dd-7df3-990f-aa18c63db374_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate intrinsic value, stock options and vesting RSA's</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-7fec-82dd-7faf653c5aca_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable Securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-7481-ba8e-afc206dddcb8_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_019e69c9-64dd-7129-abcf-85a463812f21_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Severance and employee benefit costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Severance Costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_019e69c9-65b7-7588-a164-2ef15f1a537f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">APIC, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_019e69c9-64dd-7bc9-a93d-1d7b33464212_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Level 1</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones_019e69c9-65b8-7836-b0ae-8cdc8b669279_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront fee and milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Fee And Milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Fee And Milestones</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones" xlink:to="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeAndMilestones" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember_019e69c9-64dd-7aef-a99a-202dc9fe814c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">2023 Restructuring Plan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">2023 Restructuring Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">2023 Restructuring Plan</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_A2023RestructuringPlanMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-71f4-b835-74f4ea3b24ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_019e69c9-64dd-7384-b7a3-87ca44e55bf2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued under incentive programs (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Stock Issued Under Incentive Program</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares issued in incentive program.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearOneMember_019e69c9-65b7-730c-80ea-b61a09072432_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearOneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year One</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearOneMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearOneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year One [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearOneMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearOneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_YearOneMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_YearOneMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_YearOneMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_YearOneMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_019e69c9-65b7-7df9-973a-fae6f3b73ef0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of dilutive securities (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Incremental Common Shares Attributable to Dilutive Effect of Share-Based Payment Arrangements</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SanofiMember_019e69c9-65b7-7e29-bd5f-b7ae650508e2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SanofiMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sanofi</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SanofiMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SanofiMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sanofi [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SanofiMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SanofiMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sanofi</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_SanofiMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_SanofiMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_SanofiMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_SanofiMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations_019e69c9-65b7-726f-9419-c763ba4f8bd0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Federal, state, and local, income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Federal, State, and Local, Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FederalStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_019e69c9-64dd-7e07-aa99-3bd3de3721bc_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding and Unvested, beginning balance (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_019e69c9-64dd-7521-af7c-d4cd0739856c_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding and Unvested, ending balance (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Executive Categories</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Executive Categories [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsSvcCstMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PnsnAdjsSvcCstMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pension Adjustments Service Cost [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_019e69c9-64dd-739b-be66-725804f253d1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_019e69c9-65b7-708b-903c-6d4ebe9dee82_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding, ending balance (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember_019e69c9-64dd-7ca6-b925-4bdb5f0ae507_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Milestones amortization</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone Amortization [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_MilestoneAmortizationMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-72b8-8597-5490a4ce3395_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Earnings Per Share</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PfizerMember_019e69c9-65b7-7227-93d1-ca90293c026b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PfizerMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pfizer</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PfizerMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PfizerMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pfizer [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PfizerMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PfizerMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pfizer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_PfizerMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_PfizerMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_PfizerMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_PfizerMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_019e69c9-65b8-7229-9429-f49e10e4a472_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember_019e69c9-64dd-7077-be8e-089d42a58b88_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Royalties</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RoyaltyMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain_019e69c9-65b7-79e5-8f42-2ae1b12eb8df_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_MinimumMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_MinimumMember"/>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate"/>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CanadaAdvancedPurchaseAgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CanadaAdvancedPurchaseAgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CanadaAdvancedPurchaseAgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CanadaAdvancedPurchaseAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_019e69c9-65b7-7c60-b60d-5e993947e115_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of Exchange Rate on Cash, Cash Equivalent, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalent, Continuing Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis_019e69c9-64dd-71c4-b9ae-c8399561b72b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Location, Statement of Income, Balance [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeLocationBalanceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_019e69c9-65b7-7d41-b24c-4bb7c9080e61_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments_019e69c9-65b7-79e5-ae16-055dffa0ba9a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Annual milestone payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:to="lab_nvax_AnnualMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_019e69c9-65b7-7534-9091-825df53cccf9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining term, outstanding (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain_019e69c9-65b7-7a26-b5fa-31df0122ba32_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche Axis [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche Axis [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche Axis [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TrancheAxisDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain" xlink:to="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses_019fb435-36d2-790b-b650-768591516b73_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Facility and other research and development expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Facility And Other Research And Development Expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Facility And Other Research And Development Expenses</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseFacilityAndOtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member_019e69c9-65b7-76fb-b52d-6d184535fbed_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Five Point Zero Convertible Senior Notes Due 2027 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Five Point Zero Convertible Senior Notes Due 2027</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2027Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures_019e69c9-65b8-737b-b87f-3c741f6ac63a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total convertible notes payable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Debt, Fair Value Disclosures</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtFairValueDisclosures" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_019e69c9-65b7-770d-ab2b-89012e50cc97_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Shares exercisable (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss_019e69c9-65b7-7d65-bec5-d22b0daab4db_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Firm purchase commitment loss</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Firm Purchase Commitment, Loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Pension Adjustments Service Cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Pension Adjustments Service Cost [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AggtPnsnAdjsSvcCstMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_019e69c9-65b7-798f-bdab-72d4e69b07bb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_019e69c9-65b7-7f1d-a699-a5f1c3919df5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of stock, number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Stock, Number of Shares Issued in Transaction</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardExrcPrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Cost [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1_019e69c9-65b8-786b-8106-3aee64ba6b78_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Authorized amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program, Authorized, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1"/>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentDomain_019e69c9-64dd-7569-84e6-5ef9a5abf3ac_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2026_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2026" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest, Due In 2026</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2026_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2026" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest, Due In 2026</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2026" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2026"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems_019e69c9-64dd-7ffc-b6eb-1c44b1df0d91_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation expense:</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2027_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2027" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest, Due In 2027</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2027_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2027" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest, Due In 2027</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2027" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2027"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2028_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2028" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest, Due In 2028</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2028_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2028" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Excluding Accrued Interest, Due In 2028</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2028" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleExcludingAccruedInterestDueIn2028"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram_019fb434-1f06-72c9-94b7-9c4a6223593e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplier finance programs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Supplier Finance Program</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Supplier Finance Program</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseSupplierFinanceProgram" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_019e69c9-65b8-7d81-8a34-9af640ebb107_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_019e69c9-65b8-7b16-8f9b-7f43c9035888_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Ending balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Reserve</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringReserve"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_019e69c9-64dd-75a8-80c1-3dddb0797cbf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Component [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Component [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember_019e69c9-65b8-731a-ba68-e7339920834d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Secured Debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Secured Debt [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SecuredDebtMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_019e69c9-65b7-759c-9061-13c0dbf57d8f_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adoption Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement Adoption Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain_019e69c9-64dd-7d8c-b810-8cb411b1207e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_019e69c9-64dd-7800-a897-9047f82d4dfc_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total stockholders&#8217; deficit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_019e69c9-64dd-7337-8758-f61690342d9a_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Balance beginning</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_019e69c9-64dd-7d14-a383-10e9476f37ca_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Balance ending</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_019e69c9-65b7-7d5b-81ac-31c98359d628_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7ea0-be69-0151b578a85d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments_019e69c9-65b7-7876-86e7-7eac9cebb60e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Development milestone payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Development Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Development Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember_019e69c9-65b7-71a2-a528-4d77c6ce2488_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjuvant Products Thereafter</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjuvant Products Thereafter [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjuvant Products Thereafter</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_AdjuvantProductsThereafterMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Title</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement, Individual Title</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndTitle"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Disqualification of Tax Benefits, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Disqualification of Tax Benefits, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember_019e69c9-65b7-7983-ba66-5df11777fa55_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_MilestoneMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_MilestoneMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_MilestoneMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_MilestoneMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7ffe-b4ca-80989832cf83_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement does not require Recovery</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Does Not Require Recovery [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_019e69c9-64dd-77a1-afb8-fafeb1a3f24c_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding, beginning balance (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_019e69c9-64dd-766d-b68a-90eb202c38d6_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding, ending balance (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-79c0-94ea-3cc17f47c99a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_019e69c9-64dd-78b3-a0ee-0d61977a934e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general, and administrative</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_019e69c9-64dd-7728-89f9-b6f45a03bc24_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general, and administrative expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, General and Administrative Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember_019e69c9-65b7-7170-86e0-a1e098e19134_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Database lock of an Existing Phase 2/3 clinical trial</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Database lock of an Existing Phase 2/3 clinical trial [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Database lock of an Existing Phase 2/3 clinical trial</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DatabaseLockOfAnExistingPhase23ClinicalTrialMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_019e69c9-65b7-772c-881f-328ce952adab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Type of Restructuring [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Type of Restructuring [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember_019e69c9-65b7-7bb3-a599-983da7841089_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Government-backed securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Government Backed Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Represents the information pertaining to government backed securities.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_GovernmentBackedSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-7278-8a4f-8f49d2365bf4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Entity-Wide Information Not Provided as Part of Reportable Segment, Geographical Area, Revenue and Long-Lived Asset [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Entity-Wide Information Not Provided as Part of Reportable Segment, Geographical Area, Revenue and Long-Lived Asset [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-7aca-a391-7a985f92fe5b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_019e69c9-64dd-7e65-9fb1-f5e222f2b56d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Anti-dilutive securities excluded from calculations of diluted net income (loss) per share (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_019e69c9-64dd-7900-8ada-dbc443c8a11d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of business segments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Operating Segments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_019e69c9-64dd-7df2-86ac-ffdad5cb8c80_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-7a96-932b-ca0be54f6337_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019e69c9-64dd-7d35-b4c5-adf4b3347f51_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Adjustments to Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Adjustments to Compensation [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AllAdjToCompMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Dividends or Other Earnings Paid on Equity Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Total Compensation for Covered Year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Dividends or Other Earnings Paid on Equity Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Total Compensation for Covered Year [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_DvddsOrOthrErngsPdOnEqtyAwrdsNtOthrwsRflctdInTtlCompForCvrdYrMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_019e69c9-65b7-7795-b02c-97c4760bb0b5_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_019e69c9-65b7-73a2-8315-263f223ead98_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activity, Including Discontinued Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments_019e69c9-64dd-7051-b12c-eab094a384cc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Development, tech transfer, launch, and sales milestone payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Development And Sales Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Development And Sales Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_019e69c9-65b8-7dfd-82e6-e331b312d4c0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' deficit:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7529-a513-1e673ba8fe15_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport_019e69c9-64dd-7a38-99db-8c014469462c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_019e69c9-65b7-70fb-b557-645265feeef6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember_019e69c9-65b7-7d3e-9f09-90a8bcc33088_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Direct other vaccine development programs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Vaccine Development Programs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Vaccine Development Programs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_OtherVaccineDevelopmentProgramsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_019e69c9-64dd-7739-a828-670243ab2980_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Plan [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Plan [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_019e69c9-65b7-73f8-a9ad-ce8c3228ed5e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-current finance lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7b46-9b06-8ccdaba828d9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Assumptions Used in Estimation of Fair Value of Stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-766a-8c2c-b42cbda9fc7b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Entity-Wide Information Not Provided as Part of Reportable Segment, Geographical Area, Revenue and Long-Lived Asset [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward_019e69c9-64dd-7a08-960b-f532337538ee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Options</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1_019e69c9-65b8-774d-8f46-3d2215412512_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Basis spread on variable rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_019e69c9-65b8-739c-8caf-af2ace1c751a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_019e69c9-65b7-7a80-a12c-3c1ab5c3cb88_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember_019e69c9-65b7-7624-acf4-98d989b0ba43_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Support services</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Support Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Support Services</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_SupportServicesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_SupportServicesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_SupportServicesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_SupportServicesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllIndividualsMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Individuals</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllIndividualsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Individuals [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AllIndividualsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses_019fb434-8f47-7f81-bcfe-6914bb1ae0e7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Employee and benefit expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Employee And Benefit Expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Employee And Benefit Expenses</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseEmployeeAndBenefitExpenses" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_019e69c9-64dd-778a-80b9-3a2bf3e992df_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized compensation expense, recognition period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-GAAP Measure Description</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-GAAP Measure Description [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward_019e69c9-64dd-76a1-9f70-dacc6b403a31_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Per&#160;Share Weighted- Average Fair&#160;Value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member_019e69c9-64dd-7ee6-82ea-992dd2bbbcfe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">5.00% Convertible notes due 2027</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Five Point Zero Convertible Notes Due 2027 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Five Point Zero Convertible Notes Due 2027</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_FivePointZeroConvertibleNotesDue2027Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-7eb7-8ff3-a82472640b05_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract_019fcd70-1638-7daf-ac39-a746a6c9d711_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development expenses:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Assets_019e69c9-64dd-769c-a4cf-317ea03e8da9_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Assets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_Assets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_019e69c9-65b8-7eac-8429-162e37a220ff_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Issued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember_019e69c9-64dd-7014-a037-2ba307eddb7a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Debt [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember_019e69c9-65b7-79c3-9297-ba5d03e4600e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_SettlementAgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_SettlementAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments_019e69c9-64dd-7f06-8278-4edda57bd1ad_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum developmental and sales milestone payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement, Maximum Developmental And Sales Milestone Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement, Maximum Developmental And Sales Milestone Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementMaximumDevelopmentalAndSalesMilestonePayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset_019e69c9-65b7-7db1-bdbb-cea8a27778b1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Right-of-use asset, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Lease, Right-Of-Use Asset</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Lease, Right-Of-Use Asset</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_LeaseRightOfUseAsset"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_019e69c9-64dd-7c62-bc6d-92b858fdcff7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Range of Black-Scholes fair values of ESPP shares granted (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating_019e69c9-64dd-7f7b-996b-035815b8d608_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense, Nonoperating</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7b37-aeca-b9c60a2d8411_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stock Based Compensation Expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember_019e69c9-64dd-7904-a907-4441ce7cbec5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensed COVID-19 products and royalty payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensed COVID-19 Products And Royalty Payments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensed COVID-19 Products And Royalty Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_LicensedCOVID19ProductsAndRoyaltyPaymentsMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_019e69c9-64dd-7120-82a5-e506d9ad79af_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Unrealized Gains</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-70ed-bbd6-7b5949baf453_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-Based Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember_019e69c9-64dd-7107-b11f-662251443e60_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensing, royalties, and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensing, Royalties, and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Licensing, Royalties, and Other</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_LicensingRoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_019e69c9-64dd-7220-b7a1-dcba5cf35aaa_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Organization and Business</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nature of Operations [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NatureOfOperations"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PeoMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PeoMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PeoMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PeoMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember_019e69c9-65b7-79ec-9980-a48c383de662_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Senior Notes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Senior Notes [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Senior Notes</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ConvertibleSeniorNotesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_019e69c9-64dd-77e4-9895-123a824acb31_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsCashAndCashEquivalentsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_019e69c9-64dd-7e5e-9252-8e01a7c6ba6d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total stock-based compensation expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions_019e69c9-64dd-7f4a-9958-6f5d6dd50d8f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities, available-for-sale, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, number of positions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Number of Positions</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerNumberOfPositions" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent_019e69c9-64dd-7c63-9f68-d2bf5e2817b5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable Securities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_019e69c9-65b7-7d88-84c4-9fbae7aa73ad_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other non-current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Liabilities, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_019e69c9-65b7-7e39-a214-816fd2c7222f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_019e69c9-65b7-7f87-bc8a-3883a03f3d7c_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_019e69c9-65b7-7fcb-a9df-7b5b89d8099c_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Ending balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Violation of Home Country Law, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Violation of Home Country Law, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_019e69c9-64dd-782a-a77c-c945fecb78ba_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Exercised (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember_019e69c9-64dd-72d0-87d4-b9c956e71958_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Takeda</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Takeda Arrangement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Takeda Arrangement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TakedaArrangementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TakedaArrangementMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_019e69c9-64dd-721e-8871-31659122acc1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units granted (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_019e69c9-65b7-7f53-b56b-b772a227855e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Deficit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember_019e69c9-65b7-7c15-a76e-d4d8eef3bc9c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Money market funds</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Money Market Funds [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_019e69c9-64dd-772e-b53f-96ca30234817_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units forfeited (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeitures, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Erroneously Awarded Compensation Recovery</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Erroneously Awarded Compensation Recovery [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_019e69c9-64dd-7000-8453-ea5f45131857_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Canceled (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures in Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward_019e69c9-64dd-77a8-97a6-29f6b513175f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b7-75bc-b39d-444c087a7be9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b7-787d-b805-6e66e90ab847_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Balance beginning (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_019e69c9-65b7-737d-a7d4-f17cebddf92f_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Balance ending (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Disclosures [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember_019e69c9-64dd-7af1-82ef-9df74f658c99_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Debt Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_019e69c9-65b7-77e3-aea2-4d1e52923195_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_019e69c9-65b7-7c5f-91e0-180778562883_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_019e69c9-64dd-7ea6-8b37-c5a24594584e_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activity, Including Discontinued Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum_019e69c9-64dd-75c4-b50b-beaa5bc140d8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility, maximum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate, Maximum</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMaximum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_019e69c9-64dd-7d39-bca2-7da5b5fac4bc_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and other assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract_019eb150-a79b-7050-ab3c-a2f9c4601e23_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration_019e69c9-65b7-7c34-8d85-35c22513df48_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecongnized consideration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Unrecongnized Consideration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Unrecongnized Consideration</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUnrecongnizedConsideration" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax_019e69c9-65b7-7bd6-a6b0-7f0855f4c6ba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest on convertible notes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest on Convertible Debt, Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestOnConvertibleDebtNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-78a2-acd7-415f941dad21_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis_019e69c9-64dd-732e-a906-797931964ccb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche Axis [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche Axis [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche Axis</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TrancheAxisAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis" xlink:to="lab_nvax_TrancheAxisAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination_019e69c9-64dd-7b30-be15-9815154733fc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Notice period for contract termination</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Notice Period For Contract Termination</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Notice Period For Contract Termination</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" xlink:to="lab_nvax_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember_019e69c9-65b8-70c9-8828-9197b8c6ce51_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supply sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supply Sales [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supply Sales</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_SupplySalesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_SupplySalesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_SupplySalesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_SupplySalesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_019e69c9-65b7-73f6-a4f9-daac29c7bda3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-796a-9dc3-0e65574242a4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Reconciliation of net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Reconcile Net Income to Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember_019e69c9-65b7-7e4c-886a-eb8069a141bc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sanofi Transition Services</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sanofi Transition Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sanofi Transition Services</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_SanofiTransitionServicesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7d4e-947a-37824eb47170_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_019e69c9-64dd-7ad8-a38a-39816873112a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7ff5-ac29-0f8d29bec60e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Financing Activities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activity, Including Discontinued Operation [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_019e69c9-64dd-70f2-917e-477df0103fc6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant, and Equipment, after Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion, and Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_019e69c9-65b7-7e1f-a189-79bf7ecaf9e5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instruments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instruments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital_019e69c9-64dd-75c5-8ce4-4819f8d9ccc2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Working capital</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Working Capital</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Working Capital</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_WorkingCapital" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_WorkingCapital"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_WorkingCapital" xlink:to="lab_nvax_WorkingCapital" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7ee4-a8c2-41a43cc9998c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of the Activity within the Accrued Severance and Employee Benefits Liability</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent_019e69c9-64dd-7f98-8351-2091708e9a97_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets held for sale</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale_019e69c9-64dd-7ea0-b2d8-539abed0f00d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from assets held for sale</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Sale, Property, Held-for-Sale</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyHeldForSale" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-7f9e-8bb3-aa5bb1148194_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Numerator:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasicAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-70a6-a9bb-19351aaad3a4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Awards Adjustments, Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Awards Adjustments, Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-720f-8d87-65376b064d6b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Asset and Goodwill [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Underlying Securities Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-7bee-9437-dbaa0078c0a5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_019e69c9-65b7-74b2-b61b-9fed999d3023_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Canceled (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_019e69c9-65b8-74e8-9acc-cb1063175203_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Inventories</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum_019e69c9-64dd-762b-bff8-9affc76fc82e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Risk-free interest rate, minimum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate, Minimum</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable_019e69c9-65b8-7151-a919-8339bd32010d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_019e69c9-65b7-7559-a2bf-03d14afe4437_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Shares available for grant (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate_019e69c9-65b7-7170-bc7f-46eccfbcae25_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Subscription rate cap</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Maximum Employee Subscription Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardMaximumEmployeeSubscriptionRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis_019e69c9-65b7-7f22-b0d6-0dbe9ed2bd2a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember_019e69c9-65b8-7465-b433-64151f083883_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Reportable Segment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Reportable Segment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Reportable Segment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ReportableSegmentMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ReportableSegmentMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember_019e69c9-65b7-7720-a825-5f188d732424_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Direct COVID-19 Vaccine</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">COVID-19 Vaccine [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">COVID-19 Vaccine</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_COVID19VaccineMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_COVID19VaccineMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Trading Arrangements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">All Trading Arrangements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Performance Measure, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Performance Measure, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Considered</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Considered [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_019e69c9-64dd-7b0e-a8ff-da738d43f107_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income (loss) from operations</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_019e69c9-65b7-7680-bc51-55fb54e28064_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember_019e69c9-65b7-7d08-94c3-b8c633934da1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC Product-Related Launch Milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC Product-Related Launch Milestones [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC Product-Related Launch Milestones</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedLaunchMilestonesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials_019e69c9-65b7-7066-96bf-38b64b969f7f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Obligated purchase price of raw materials</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Obligated Purchase Price of Raw Materials</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Obligated Purchase Price of Raw Materials</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ObligatedPurchasePriceOfRawMaterials" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets_019e69c9-65b7-7cad-bfc8-3bd2770119af_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total long-lived assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Lived Asset, Excluding Financial Instrument, Customer Relationship, Mortgage Servicing Right, Deferred Policy Acquisition Cost, and Deferred Tax Asset, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NoncurrentAssets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember_019e69c9-64dd-7e00-a1c0-a514b1fe2bed_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">2015&#160;Plan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Two Thousand Fifteen Stock Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFifteenStockIncentivePlanMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_019e69c9-65b7-70c5-b884-b251f138eb04_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ChngInFrValAsOfVstngDtOfPrrYrEqtyAwrdsVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber_019e69c9-65b8-71fd-9ad7-9636081f25e6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember_019e69c9-65b7-70f8-be5a-55d521b0f2ce_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Gavi Settlement Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Gavi Settlement Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Gavi Settlement Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_GaviSettlementAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7057-bf0f-df32960fd7fe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Option and Appreciation Rights Activity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges_019e69c9-64dd-7073-b6fc-7752df662f43_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment of long-lived assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Asset, Impairment Loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward_019e69c9-64dd-7dee-ad66-3710f733f278_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_019e69c9-65b8-7e2c-8cc8-4e73550d3c65_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Issued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Measure:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Measure [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_MeasureAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:to="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember_019e69c9-65b7-7cc0-a3f6-5e31c13aa108_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Fee [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Fee</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_UpfrontFeeMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_UpfrontFeeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_019e69c9-65b8-7efe-816f-6527884cc57d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Finished goods</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Finished Goods, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares_019e69c9-65b8-7840-a2cd-d0ead0b8e287_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Common, Shares</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments_019e69c9-64dd-7d33-92b2-252d6becd561_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Sales milestone payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Sales Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Sales Milestone Collaboration Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentSalesMilestoneCollaborationPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_019e69c9-64dd-761d-9b02-780b507f4d8d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_019e69c9-65b8-7577-bb50-36e93b54deee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_019e69c9-65b7-78d1-8f5f-101e06ffed52_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Paid, after Refund Received</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions_019e69c9-64dd-7b66-8410-c49f455218af_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract With Customer, Liability, Additions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract With Customer, Liability, Additions</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityAdditions" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember_019e69c9-64dd-72d0-92dd-c133ee7d6911_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Australian APA</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Australian APA [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Australian APA</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_AustralianAPAMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_AustralianAPAMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_AustralianAPAMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_AustralianAPAMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_019e69c9-65b7-7f7a-b8a2-2f2dd24d3c07_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-7560-87d6-1e83d566614f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-715b-ab83-153db51a7d26_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Current portion of finance lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Finance Lease, Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Other Measure</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Other Measure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain_019e69c9-65b7-7256-9b4e-9a937b5c46b3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplier Finance Program [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplier Finance Program [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness_019e69c9-65b7-7d1e-a138-795ecdb4fc70_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_019e69c9-65b7-767c-9b83-a0bc65026750_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount_019e69c9-64dd-7c64-9c32-d6d005226074_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unamortized debt issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Unamortized Discount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Termination Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement Termination Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember_019e69c9-65b7-767c-9d9a-c80bdbe0c327_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">August 2023 Sales Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">August 2023 Sales Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">August 2023 Sales Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_August2023SalesAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_019e69c9-65b7-75d6-9277-99562f1ebc70_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices_019e69c9-65b7-7131-8c4a-7e436eb93ec0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensate services</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Compensate Services</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Compensate Services</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementCompensateServices" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">MNPI Disclosure Timed for Compensation Value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">MNPI Disclosure Timed for Compensation Value [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities_019e69c9-65b8-7893-99c8-cc38659451fc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Corporate Debt Securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Corporate Debt Securities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CashAndCashEquivalentsIncludingCorporateDebtSecurities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_019e69c9-65b8-788a-9b25-59072db7cf93_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod_019e69c9-65b7-7c70-899e-5155f6a7196d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Term (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_019e69c9-64dd-7f8e-9f9f-06adcf316a9d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other non-current assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Assets, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentType_019e69c9-65b7-78f1-899b-a82e0a192a21_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentType_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-7239-9d3a-df4e651506bb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member_019e69c9-65b7-778b-a75e-8d0807a19c4c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">4.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2031</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Four Point Six Two Five Convertible Senior Notes Due 2031 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Four Point Six Two Five Convertible Senior Notes Due 2031</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_FourPointSixTwoFiveConvertibleSeniorNotesDue2031Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_019e69c9-64dd-7414-a8bf-c16501f806fd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value as of Grant Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_019e69c9-65b7-79d0-9bfc-bd5b9d583f6d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-77b0-8551-d825e16edc68_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue Increase (Decrease) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PvpTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage_019e69c9-65b7-7a9a-8608-900d9c5f97c4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Exit fee percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Exit Fee, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Exit Fee, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentExitFeePercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Arrangement Duration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement Duration</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrDuration"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7484-ba5f-8c0a47dd7a50_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019e69c9-64dd-7826-9439-23dc2ffe2959_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_019e69c9-65b7-792e-963f-9ed8f8acc587_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_019e69c9-65b7-742e-9b69-46c840c2e74a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract with Customer, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_country_CA_019e69c9-64dd-71ab-ac0e-3491666781ca_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_CA" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Canada</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_country_CA_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_CA" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CANADA</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_country_CA" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026/country-2026.xsd#country_CA"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_country_CA" xlink:to="lab_country_CA" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_019e69c9-64dd-71ec-a9ff-dd99c5f628e2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Semi-finished goods</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Work in Process, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019e69c9-65b7-7ca7-bc93-e7b857bd3ade_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019e69c9-65b7-74d7-954d-92e6ca5ed43f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_019e69c9-64dd-7c86-8201-1264784db78b_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income (loss) before income tax expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Not Adopted</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Not Adopted [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis_019e69c9-65b7-7bc7-97e8-95326cfcbf57_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplier Finance Program [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplier Finance Program [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SupplierFinanceProgramAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_019e69c9-64dd-72d7-befc-f438fdc8b899_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Revenues_019e69c9-64dd-7117-9ba1-bfa5b6fa20c9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Revenues_019e69c9-64dd-7f87-948b-ea9bf0248c5a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Revenues_019e69c9-64dd-79cf-9dab-0df23f97a700_netLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Revenues_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Changed Peer Group, Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Changed Peer Group, Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_019e69c9-65b7-7c14-9489-cf60ced212a2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Expense of Enforcement, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Expense of Enforcement, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Executive Category:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Executive Category [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_019e69c9-65b7-79dc-a53e-b75ee3c94a80_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Vesting period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward_019e69c9-65b7-7e58-9018-29c41371741d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis_019e69c9-65b7-73f8-a0b8-b5c65116f008_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_CounterpartyNameAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7f1f-a670-35d115aa2c25_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; DEFICIT</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_019e69c9-65b7-763a-9762-5718b9f6a0b8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining term, exercisable (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet_019e69c9-64dd-72d9-8e7e-00ec6722e859_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet_019e69c9-64dd-75f7-aa39-1d8a84f81a02_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain_019e69c9-65b7-70b3-9d00-25957b41b956_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Award [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7339-8d89-dce9e7d5b0ac_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_019e69c9-65b7-762c-a1ee-fec538a5aba2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Level 3</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember_019e69c9-65b7-7283-8987-41107230f5c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Agency securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">US Government Agencies Debt Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-7b53-849b-793c978f9f72_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_019e69c9-65b8-771c-bc63-c301f061dedf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Expected term (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PeoName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PeoName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PeoName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PeoName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_019e69c9-65b7-774d-ab93-6d18185bc3ff_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability_019e69c9-64dd-7cba-9d07-2cedbaf9f7b7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability_019e69c9-64dd-7a93-8795-a0946b0da7a5_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue, beginning balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability_019e69c9-64dd-7e82-8424-fd36bdb064b7_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue, ending balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract with Customer, Liability</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount_019e69c9-65b7-7a12-9217-8693e381b2b2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other segment income (expense)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Other Segment Item, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingOtherItemAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor_019e69c9-65b8-7d10-9728-4de5669421ed_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Variable rate floor rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Variable Rate Floor</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Variable Rate Floor</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentVariableRateFloor" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Price or TSR Estimation Method</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Price or TSR Estimation Method [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019e69c9-65b7-74d3-b709-115ab48b0a2c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt_019e69c9-65b7-7b01-bc3a-8117c2c7dbbe_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total interest expense on long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense, Debt</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_019e69c9-65b7-792d-a5c6-eaf0e86887d6_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Payments for Restructuring</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_019e69c9-64dd-7f20-9fbd-f4b65aeead4e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Exercised (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_019e69c9-64dd-77a4-989b-719421089d4b_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_019e69c9-64dd-78fd-92b6-6bccfd40d420_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_019e69c9-64dd-7754-a3f4-7153c08664b2_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalent, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalent, Continuing Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems_019e69c9-64dd-7041-8e2a-85c98a2a6530_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019e69c9-65b7-7490-9961-a6394719a310_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Not Yet Determined</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Not Yet Determined [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Material Terms of Trading Arrangement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Material Terms of Trading Arrangement [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-NEOs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-NEOs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonNeosMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_019e69c9-65b7-79ae-8932-9e92876e1f82_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_019e69c9-65b7-7e58-8008-17d435a48899_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash, current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalent, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Vesting Date Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted and Vested in Covered Year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Vesting Date Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted and Vested in Covered Year [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_VstngDtFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdAndVstdInCvrdYrMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_019e69c9-65b7-7e43-a1a4-e4b09e14103d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_019e69c9-65b8-78ec-be75-6a9d1d5136c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-cash stock-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain_019e69c9-64dd-7249-b08b-a3b29fed0fea_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment Year [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment Year [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Prepayment Year [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain" xlink:to="lab_nvax_PrepaymentYearDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain_019e69c9-64dd-7fe7-a644-31cb337cb475_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_019e69c9-65b7-7918-94cb-a7c347d9bd8c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">ESPP</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Employee Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b8-7abe-a014-b0058a8c5fc0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain_019e69c9-64dd-77a5-9e5d-51b58caf56a2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_019e69c9-65b7-7060-ac1c-49e6ea4f342c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Basic (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share, Basic</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_019e69c9-64dd-7ad8-8f5e-7bafbcbfa843_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Raw materials</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Raw Materials, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue_019e69c9-65b8-76d8-81b8-b802c236a5ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredRevenue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-79a4-954c-3da720eb8d0f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_019e69c9-65b7-78d7-94a2-a1002449b480_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Current deferred revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract with Customer, Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_019e69c9-65b8-7937-a0a8-840241cff315_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeAxis_019e69c9-64dd-732f-b120-0b2c8cc7b08d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_RangeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Arrangements [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member_019e69c9-65b7-762b-98b8-15cc2f69f37c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 3</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 3 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 3</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_Tranche3Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_Tranche3Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_Tranche3Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_Tranche3Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_019e69c9-64dd-7323-aadf-a6bc9e8ae77f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_019e69c9-65b7-76e4-857c-f6d06ebf28db_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember_019e69c9-64dd-76e1-a638-f300d91d9cd0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">First Four Adjuvant Products</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">First Four Adjuvant Products [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">First Four Adjuvant Products</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_FirstFourAdjuvantProductsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Named Executive Officers, Footnote</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Named Executive Officers, Footnote [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_019e69c9-65b7-73c5-a4f0-8785e7c963b7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember_019e69c9-64dd-7fbd-9bab-3cbfc1036252_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cost reimbursements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cost Reimbursements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cost Reimbursements</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CostReimbursementsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CostReimbursementsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_019e69c9-64dd-7108-a20a-f9bc2921f0ae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Change in Present Value of Accumulated Benefit for All Pension Plans Reported in Summary Compensation Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Change in Present Value of Accumulated Benefit for All Pension Plans Reported in Summary Compensation Table [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AggtChngPnsnValInSummryCompstnTblForAplblYrMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits_019e69c9-65b7-7c49-bdd8-eb4987e74181_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of reporting units</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, Reporting Unit, Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfReportingUnits" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt_019e69c9-65b7-76ce-b3d6-192a4152f167_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Amount funded at closing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Issuance of Secured Debt</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSecuredDebt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_019e69c9-64dd-7a7e-b4d0-c679d1e10f41_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_019e69c9-65b7-7c0f-8463-c9aa6052f91b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis_019e69c9-65b7-7899-b154-81d6f5da008d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority, Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority, Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember_019e69c9-64dd-7114-a3db-33547df4d6a0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Employee Severance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Employee Severance [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense_019e69c9-64dd-7bd3-af48-f1d32713e0dd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Litigation settlement, expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Litigation Settlement, Fee Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CoverAbstract_019e69c9-64dd-777d-91fc-bcb9923083ee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CoverAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="lab_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_019e69c9-65b8-7e8b-bad1-46089048312c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Dividend yield</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Dividend Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization_019e69c9-65b7-7fc6-a42c-bdd516b6c982_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense, Debt, Excluding Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebtExcludingAmortization" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_019e69c9-64dd-7fff-88a5-f4818d0977f3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Currency translation adjustments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, Foreign Currency Translation, Gain (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Awards Adjustments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Awards Adjustments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_EqtyAwrdsAdjsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember_019e69c9-65b7-7e13-9aea-84c456606ffc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year Two</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year Two [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year Two</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_YearTwoMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_YearTwoMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_YearTwoMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_YearTwoMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-756a-b904-a483f78a2dc7_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration, License, and Supply Agreements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_019e69c9-65b7-7f63-b17a-8174e3c8e4c4_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and stockholders&#8217; deficit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember_019e69c9-65b8-7df0-94bc-8e040fc5d1b0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable_019e69c9-65b7-749c-a683-707fe7811993_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Entity-Wide Information Not Provided as Part of Reportable Segment, Geographical Area, Revenue and Long-Lived Asset [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting, Entity-Wide Information Not Provided as Part of Reportable Segment, Geographical Area, Revenue and Long-Lived Asset [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_019e69c9-65b7-72e7-9a85-32ea86a517b7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additional 402(v) Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additional 402(v) Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_019e69c9-64dd-762e-9132-a267f2f93ef9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_019e69c9-65b7-7c4e-8de7-54796a27a43b_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total Other Restructuring charge</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Charges</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringCharges"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_019e69c9-64dd-72c4-b1e3-ff1f7b337e84_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax_019e69c9-65b7-7e51-978e-86354d857451_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency transaction gain (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Translation Adjustment Functional to Reporting Currency, Gain (Loss), Reclassified to Earnings, Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentFunctionalToReportingCurrencyGainLossReclassifiedToEarningsNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance_019e69c9-65b7-7b21-b970-d393ac389c10_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Unrestricted cash at least</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Covenant, Minimum Cash Balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Covenant, Minimum Cash Balance</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantMinimumCashBalance" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular List, Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular List [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent_019e69c9-65b7-7a7c-97be-56b46612ed38_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent_019e69c9-65b7-7fe0-b155-4a6fd0a55133_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash, non-current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalent, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_019e69c9-65b7-7604-866e-844b10206ddc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid in Capital</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod_019e69c9-64dd-78da-a191-674e59d99081_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty Period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_RoyaltyPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod" xlink:to="lab_nvax_RoyaltyPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm_019e69c9-65b7-7363-87bc-23db7ba7ae29_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Development and sales milestone payments, term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Development And Sales Milestone Collaboration Payments, Term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Development And Sales Milestone Collaboration Payments, Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentDevelopmentAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentsTerm" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_019e69c9-64dd-7b74-a5dc-5c3ce49b07d3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other income, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member_019e69c9-65b7-7e89-8530-96bf4106e699_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 2</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 2 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 2</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_Tranche2Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_Tranche2Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_Tranche2Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_Tranche2Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry_019e69c9-65b7-7887-919b-5da1784244c6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_YrEndFrValOfEqtyAwrdsGrntdInCvrdYrOutsdngAndUnvstdMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_019e69c9-64dd-7baa-8bba-be073a9fb67f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding (less than)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_019e69c9-65b7-7e75-9e34-bb1c3e0306a1_negatedNetLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units forfeited (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment_019e69c9-64dd-722c-b886-11fd895df883_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront payment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Upfront Payment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Upfront Payment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPayment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_019e69c9-64dd-7922-965c-527f6b5a09bc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember_019e69c9-65b7-7f40-979a-44f6a6ea4e94_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pfizer Inc</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pfizer Inc [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pfizer Inc</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_PfizerIncMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_PfizerIncMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_PfizerIncMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_PfizerIncMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember_019e69c9-65b7-70f3-acad-b5bd490bbb73_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC Product-Related Development Milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC Product-Related Development Milestones [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">CIC Product-Related Development Milestones</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CICProductRelatedDevelopmentMilestonesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_019e69c9-64dd-759f-9bc7-1e515d091a5a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized at June&#160;30, 2026 and December&#160;31, 2025; no shares issued and outstanding at June&#160;30, 2026 and December&#160;31, 2025</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AdjToCompAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember_019e69c9-65b7-7528-8b2f-a2313298166f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rest of the world</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rest of the World [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rest of the World</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_RestOfTheWorldMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019e69c9-64dd-75b6-b337-d74abe654bf3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember_019e69c9-65b7-7d5e-8c82-76791c1e8e13_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other partners</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Partners [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Partners</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_OtherPartnersMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_OtherPartnersMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_OtherPartnersMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_OtherPartnersMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-72e3-b4c5-eda565528742_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_019e69c9-65b7-7880-8fd4-323778dd3166_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash interest payments, net of amounts capitalized</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Paid, Excluding Capitalized Interest, Operating Activity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-74c0-adf6-1143ec6faad0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices_019e69c9-64dd-7ed5-a8d4-d4b93b683e4e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Advanced payment paid</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract With Customer, Advance Payment Refund, Credited Against Outstanding Invoices</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract With Customer, Advance Payment Refund, Credited Against Outstanding Invoices</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ContractWithCustomerAdvancePaymentRefundCreditedAgainstOutstandingInvoices" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_019e69c9-65b8-7a06-bf67-3a523bc010a1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7340-861b-ff81125946f1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring and Related Activities Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Available</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement, Securities Aggregate Available Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrSecuritiesAggAvailAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure_019e69c9-64dd-782b-9ae7-91644c0cc5ea_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Total cash equivalents and marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Measure Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_MeasureName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7e67-951c-d1865c54fb2f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_019e69c9-64dd-7441-9bab-d12b0d76c8bc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_019e69c9-64dd-74e2-a148-5cc86c13a1f3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_019e69c9-64dd-7873-954a-b1eb45763252_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other items, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Other Noncash Income (Expense)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member_019e69c9-64dd-7652-8965-417bb54dfb58_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 1</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Tranche 1</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_Tranche1Member" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_Tranche1Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_Tranche1Member" xlink:to="lab_nvax_Tranche1Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-70d3-bf41-a07c5b573b9d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PvpTable_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PvpTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PvpTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PvpTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PvpTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_PvpTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PvpTable" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PvpTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_019e69c9-64dd-7b37-acbb-9c02cf2acf5d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-in Capital</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory_019e69c9-64dd-7b28-a619-b468479bd271_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_019e69c9-65b7-79ab-bb06-2d342192771f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_019e69c9-65b7-7f9a-83fe-edab53a130ba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod_019e69c9-65b7-72e9-8cb8-ed66d7a3622e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty revenue period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Covenant, Royalty Revenue, Period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Covenant, Royalty Revenue, Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DebtInstrumentCovenantRoyaltyRevenuePeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm_019e69c9-65b7-7e05-b7ee-1aa44a520ce2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds development, tech transfer, launch, and sales milestone collaboration payment, term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Tech Transfer, Launch, And Sales Milestone Collaboration Payment, Term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds Development, Tech Transfer, Launch, And Sales Milestone Collaboration Payment, Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProceedsDevelopmentTechTransferLaunchAndSalesMilestoneCollaborationPaymentTerm" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract_019e69c9-65b8-7b3c-9d3b-bafb40dc4105_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent_019e69c9-64dd-7e2f-b5eb-ef35aa219349_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum grant price, percent of common stock fair value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Options Grant Date Exercise Price Minimum Percent</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">The minimum grant-date exercise price of incentive stock options granted as a percent of the common stock share price.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments_019e69c9-64dd-77fe-98dc-7a1fbb36b230_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_UpfrontPayments" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_UpfrontPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_UpfrontPayments" xlink:to="lab_nvax_UpfrontPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_019e69c9-64dd-7ed7-809c-6caeb65c5ca1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract_019e69c9-64dd-7aa3-a01a-e5851600a2e0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cumulative catch up adjustment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Contract with Customer, Asset, Cumulative Catch-up Adjustment to Revenue, Modification of Contract</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCumulativeCatchUpAdjustmentToRevenueModificationOfContract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember_019e69c9-64dd-76a7-9116-f5d5aeb981a3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nuvaxovid</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nuvaxovid [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Nuvaxovid</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_NuvaxovidMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_NuvaxovidMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_NuvaxovidMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_NuvaxovidMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_019e69c9-65b7-711f-a475-1cd081395e1a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019e69c9-64dd-74d5-8799-f27993e72803_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_019e69c9-64dd-7227-987a-db4e43fde751_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units vested (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems_019e69c9-65b7-791e-b1f0-032897c7eeb4_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_019e69c9-65b7-7533-88d6-e5f776e14827_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Method</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Method [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember_019e69c9-65b7-71a8-84cf-5bc6e32c4ce3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service, Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service, Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProductAndServiceOtherMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_019e69c9-64dd-78b8-8d38-607d10222ffb_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalent, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalent, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect and Discontinued Operation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Explanation of Impracticability</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Explanation of Impracticability [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent_019e69c9-64dd-77c3-9f19-da2f713a7839_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Claim related to performance obligation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingency, Accrual, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyAccrualCarryingValueCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum_019e69c9-65b7-7525-a40b-e09c5b0a3b1f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility, minimum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate, Minimum</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember_019e69c9-64dd-75a3-8ff7-b6329416c7e3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Agreement due 2031</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_CreditAgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CreditAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember_019e69c9-65b7-7d41-9417-39540069f4e4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">2023 Inducement&#160;Plan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Two Thousand Twenty Three Stock Inducement Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Two Thousand Twenty Three Stock Inducement Plan</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_TwoThousandTwentyThreeStockInducementPlanMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_019e69c9-64dd-73e2-8235-97454576630e_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_019e69c9-64dd-7828-b44d-a3ee519f25ae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis_019e69c9-65b7-7af9-83ed-6cf034817324_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Erroneous Compensation Analysis</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Erroneous Compensation Analysis [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable_019e69c9-65b7-732f-a824-a83e134a69fe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-73c0-9eb6-1db4c9ee802b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liquidity and Going Concern</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liquidity and Going Concern [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Liquidity and Going Concern</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_nvax_LiquidityAndGoingConcernPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd#ecd_RestatementDateAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:to="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable_019e69c9-65b8-71cf-a44a-c4dc4b26a37b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_019e69c9-65b7-7f4c-9b65-87ed03dc11db_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Income, Interest</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_019e69c9-65b7-70a7-b2aa-68a6e06f5a49_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Shares exercisable (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas_019e69c9-64dd-7c04-8c09-e76b2235595d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number of disease areas</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number Of Disease Areas</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Number Of Disease Areas</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas" xlink:to="lab_nvax_NumberOfDiseaseAreas" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty_019e69c9-64dd-721d-b83c-4569cc949378_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Litigation settlement, amount awarded to other party</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Litigation Settlement, Amount Awarded to Other Party</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis_019e69c9-65b7-78a1-8c66-0c929d0b36d9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory_019e69c9-64dd-7881-a4c9-0bb8b779cc74_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for excess and obsolete inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Provision For Excess And Obsolete Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Provision For Excess And Obsolete Inventory</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProvisionForExcessAndObsoleteInventory" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract_019e69c9-65b8-7439-b43e-b760e2152dc2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock_019e69c9-65b7-7d6f-b237-c41347ecaf3f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share Based Compensation Restricted Stock Awards Activity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Share Based Compensation Restricted Stock Awards Activity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Share Based Compensation Restricted Stock Awards Activity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:href="nvax-20260630.xsd#nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockAwardsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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