ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES |
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| Credit Loss [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The Company maintains an ACL at a level management believes is adequate to absorb expected credit losses associated with the Company’s financial instruments over their contractual lives as of the balance sheet date. The ACL is estimated using a systematic methodology that incorporates historical loss experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company’s loan portfolio is segmented by homogeneous loan types that are expected to respond similarly to changes in economic conditions. The portfolio segments used in developing the ACL are as follows: 1) CRE, 2) Commercial and Industrial (“C&I”), 3) Residential Mortgages, 4) Other Consumer, 5) Construction and 6) Other. Management evaluates credit risk and estimates expected credit losses for each portfolio segment based on the specific risk characteristics described below. CRE loans are secured by income producing or owner-occupied commercial properties, including hotels, retail centers, office buildings, and multifamily properties. The primary sources of repayment are cash flows generated by the underlying properties and, where applicable, global cash flows of the borrower. Credit risk in this segment is influenced by property specific factors, borrower financial strength, tenant concentration, and local and regional economic conditions affecting property values and demand. C&I loans are extended to operating companies for working capital, equipment financing, inventory, and accounts receivable financing. Repayment is primarily dependent on the cash flows generated from the borrower’s ongoing operations. Credit risk in this segment is influenced by borrower profitability, leverage, liquidity, and industry specific risks, as well as broader economic conditions. Collateral supporting these loans may have limited liquidation value in a stressed environment. This segment also includes loans to local and state municipalities for purposes such as refinancing existing obligations, infrastructure improvements, and equipment purchases. These loans may be supported by general obligation pledges or specific revenue streams. Repayment is generally dependent on the taxing authority, or revenues of the municipal borrower, and credit risk is influenced by the financial condition and economic stability of the underlying jurisdiction. The ability of each municipality to increase taxes and fees to offset debt service requirements give this type of loan a very low risk profile in the continuum of the Company’s loan portfolio. Residential Mortgages are secured by first and second liens on 1-4 family residential properties, including home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and purchased money mortgages. The primary source of repayment is the income and financial capacity of the borrower. Credit risk in this segment is influenced by borrower employment levels, income stability, and housing market conditions, including changes in property values that may affect a borrower’s ability to refinance or sell the underlying collateral. Other Consumer loans consist of loans to individuals that may be secured by collateral other than residential real estate or unsecured. This segment includes automobile loans and unsecured consumer loans and lines of credit. Repayment is primarily dependent on the income and financial condition of the borrower. Credit risk is influenced by the condition of the local economy, including unemployment levels, borrower credit profiles, and where applicable, the value and liquidity of collateral. The value of the collateral, if there is any, is less likely to be a source of repayment due to less certain collateral values. Construction loans include both commercial and residential construction lending. Commercial construction loans finance the development of income producing properties or the acquisition and development of land. These loans are subject to risks related to project completion, cost overruns, contractor performance, and market demand upon stabilization. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the type of project and the experience and resources of the developer. Repayment may depend on the successful completion and leasing or sale of the project. Residential construction loans are generally extended to finance the construction of owner occupied or presold residential properties and typically provide for interest only payments during the construction period. Credit risk arises from construction delays, cost overruns, contractor performance, and economic conditions affecting housing demand. The “Other” loan segment previously consisted primarily of the loans subsequently reduced to the Judgments, which were the Company’s largest lending relationship and had unique risk characteristics that differed from the Company’s current standard underwriting criteria. Expected credit losses for this segment were estimated using a discounted cash flows (or “DCF”) methodology, and the related ACL was subject to fluctuation based on changes in expected future cash flows. These inconsistencies included, but were not limited to i) transaction and/or relationship sizes that exceeded limits established in 2018, ii) overreliance on secondary, tertiary or guarantor cash flow, iii) land acquisition loans without a defined source of amortization, iv) loan structures on operating lines of credit dependent on the value of real estate rather than trading assets, and v) indirect liabilities of certain guarantees resulting from the nonpayment of financial obligations. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company completed the Loan Sale Transaction in which the Company sold the Judgments to an unaffiliated third party. However, the segment remains presented in prior periods for comparative purposes. Prior to the Loan Sale Transaction, the Company previously established specific reserves of $18.0 million related to the Judgments, which were established based on the Company’s expected loss estimates and were subsequently released in connection with the Loan Sale Transaction. Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”) Model The Company’s CECL model is based on management’s best estimates using information available as of the reporting date. Certain components of the CECL model are inherently subjective, including, but not limited to, assumptions related to prepayment speeds and timing, loss given default, discount rates, and the timing of future cash flows. Management utilizes widely published economic forecasts as inputs to the regression analysis used to estimate probabilities of default in the baseline CECL model. The projected peaks and troughs within these forecasts serve as guardrails when evaluating potential qualitative management adjustments. While management considers outcomes across a range of scenarios, it also recognizes that published forecasts may not fully reflect the Company’s specific market footprint, risk profile or unique portfolio characteristics. Significant changes in economic forecasts may introduce volatility into modeled results. Accordingly, management evaluates not only the absolute level of the ACL, but also the reasonableness of the magnitude and pace of changes in the allowance. To address this, management has developed a framework to assess the tolerance and reasonableness of CECL outputs by challenging certain model assumptions when appropriate. These alternative outcomes, referred to as “challenger models,” are designed to provide additional perspective, support management judgment, and reduce undue volatility in reserve levels through a countercyclical approach. Credit Quality Indicators: The Company’s credit quality assessment is based on an internal loan grading system that evaluates the borrower’s capacity to repay contractual obligations in accordance with loan terms. Risk ratings consider factors such as debt service coverage, collateral values, borrower financial condition, and other qualitative considerations. Residential mortgage and consumer loans are generally assigned a pass rating unless a loan migrates to a past due or otherwise criticized status. The Company maintains a formal loan review policy and annual loan review scope report that defines the level and focus of independent loan review activities for the year. The annual loan review provides the Credit Risk Committee with an independent assessment of 1) overall credit quality of the loan portfolio, 2) compliance with lending policies, 3) adequacy of credit documentation, and 4) appropriateness of assigned risk ratings. From 2020 through 2026, loan review activities followed a structured, multi-step approach that included: •Individual reviews of the top 20 large loan relationships (“LLRs”), defined as any individual commercial loan or aggregate commercial relationship totaling $2.0 million or more; •Sampling of other large loan relationships meeting the same exposure threshold but not in the top 20 LLRs; •Sample review of Executive Loan Committee approved modifications, including both new and existing loans, to evaluate consistency with established policies and procedures; •Sample review of non-organic commercial loans and loans approved outside of the Executive Loan Committee process; and •Annual rotational focus reviews of specific portfolio segments to identify emerging risk rather than assess individual loan performance. The Company assigns internal risk grades to all loans as follows: Pass – The Company utilizes multiple pass grades, including a watch designation. Loans rated pass are generally performing in accordance with contractual terms and are considered to be of high credit quality. Special Mention – Loans with potential weaknesses that warrant management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of repayment prospects or the Company’s credit position. Substandard – Loans that are inadequately protected by the borrower’s paying capacity or by the collateral pledged, if any. These loans exhibit well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize repayment and present a distinct possibility of loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful – Loans that possess all the weaknesses inherent in substandard loans, with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable based on currently known facts, conditions, and values. Loss – Loans considered to be of such little value that continuation on the balance sheet is not warranted. While partial recovery may occur in the future, the asset is deemed uncollectible and is charged off. The repayment of commercial loans is dependent on the success of the borrower’s business and overall economic conditions. Given the higher inherent risk within the commercial portfolio, these loans are monitored through ongoing risk grading and periodic review in accordance with internal policies. Loans rated special mention or substandard require increased oversight and active management to mitigate potential credit losses. The following table presents loan balances by year of origination and internally assigned risk rating for our portfolio segments as of June 30:
The following table presents loan balances by year of origination and internally assigned risk rating for our portfolio segments as of December 31:
The following table presents loan balances by year of origination and performing and nonperforming status for our portfolio segments as of June 30:
The following table presents loan balances by year of origination and performing and nonperforming status for our portfolio segments as of December 31:
The sale of the Bank’s largest lending relationship, which was previously included in the “Other” segment, completed on March 26, 2026, resulted in a significant reduction in both substandard and nonperforming loans at June 30, 2026, compared to an aggregate principal balance of $214.0 million classified as substandard and nonperforming at December 31, 2025. Age Analysis of Past-Due Loans by Class The following tables include an aging analysis of the recorded investment of past-due portfolio loans at the dates presented:
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing were zero at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025. There were no nonaccrual or past due loans related to loans held-for-sale as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The following table presents loans on nonaccrual status by portfolio segment of loan for the dates presented. There were no loans for the dates presented that were past due more than 90 days and still accruing.
Nonaccrual loans in the “Other” segment decreased by $214.0 million, reflecting the Loan Sale Transaction completed during the first quarter of 2026. The Loan Sale Transaction also resulted in the reversal of $18.0 million of previously established specific reserves. A loan is generally placed on nonaccrual status when management determines that the collection of principal and interest is unlikely. Upon placement on nonaccrual status, the Company discontinues the accrual of interest income and reverses any unpaid accrued interest. Delinquency status is a key indicator used in evaluating collectability. Accordingly, loans are generally transferred to nonaccrual status when they become 90 days or more past due. Management, however, may exercise judgment at the individual loan level. A loan may be placed on nonaccrual status prior to becoming 90 days past due if collectability of principal and interest is doubtful. Conversely, a loan that is 90 days or more past due may remain on accrual status if management believes it is well secured and in the process of collection. Nonaccrual loans, including loans that have been restructured, may be individually evaluated for expected credit losses when the outstanding loan balance is $1.0 million or greater or when management determines individual evaluation is appropriate. Loans not individually evaluated are included in the applicable pooled segment of the ACL. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively, no material interest income was recognized on nonperforming loans (“NPLs”) subsequent to their classification as nonaccrual. The following tables present changes in the fair value of the types of collateral and DCF modeling for IELs in the (recovery) provision for credit losses on loans in the period of change.
The following tables present activity in the ACL for the periods presented:
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