<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019e4144-bf98-7900-8fce-0d1f4ce91329,g:63e8077e-e4fc-4411-b1e8-6252ddd3604c-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.compassminerals.com/role/CoverPage" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cmp-20260805.xsd#CoverPage"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.compassminerals.com/role/CoverPage" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019e4144-bf98-77fa-8a6b-a4f092629e25" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019e4144-bf98-77fa-8a6b-a4f092629e25" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019e4144-bf98-7492-ae2f-a5287bb2321b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019e4144-bf98-7492-ae2f-a5287bb2321b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019e4144-bf98-7391-a2fa-939dca3fcf94" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019e4144-bf98-7391-a2fa-939dca3fcf94" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019e4144-bf98-7927-85c7-853433f43326" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019e4144-bf98-7927-85c7-853433f43326" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019e4144-bf98-7c77-9d5e-5b96fd7a4471" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019e4144-bf98-7c77-9d5e-5b96fd7a4471" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019e4144-bf98-73b0-9a43-26ecd283cb02" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019e4144-bf98-73b0-9a43-26ecd283cb02" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019e4144-bf98-787f-a0a1-87041f4f7f2b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019e4144-bf98-787f-a0a1-87041f4f7f2b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_019e4144-bf98-76d5-a652-292c0ad65009" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_019e4144-bf98-76d5-a652-292c0ad65009" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019e4144-bf98-7a7d-843f-19ff40bdba23" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019e4144-bf98-7a7d-843f-19ff40bdba23" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019e4144-bf98-74ab-bef2-0ab0034d38e9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019e4144-bf98-74ab-bef2-0ab0034d38e9" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019e4144-bf98-7f3c-b18f-ea14b0d74836" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019e4144-bf98-7f3c-b18f-ea14b0d74836" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019e4144-bf98-7c2c-8ae1-bdde8ed97d0c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019e4144-bf98-7c2c-8ae1-bdde8ed97d0c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019e4144-bf98-758a-bae6-a5424476fbed" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019e4144-bf98-758a-bae6-a5424476fbed" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019e4144-bf98-7c67-95d4-5ed88c5479ee" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019e4144-bf98-7c67-95d4-5ed88c5479ee" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019e4144-bf98-7519-9656-9d5225a9f2e4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019e4144-bf98-7519-9656-9d5225a9f2e4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019e4144-bf98-70c7-9b23-69d3b020ac54" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019e4144-bf98-70c7-9b23-69d3b020ac54" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019e4144-bf98-7432-b9d3-e58b19fe6a84" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019e4144-bf98-7432-b9d3-e58b19fe6a84" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019e4144-bf98-7e28-952a-33b8a0929248" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019e4144-bf98-7e28-952a-33b8a0929248" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019e4144-bf98-7508-887b-9b58b2bf9000" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019e4144-bf98-7508-887b-9b58b2bf9000" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019e4144-bf98-7678-887d-358c24af7f7d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019e4144-bf98-7678-887d-358c24af7f7d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019e4144-bf98-7cea-9f14-53bfd316e812" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019e4144-bf98-7cea-9f14-53bfd316e812" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019e4144-bf98-7522-8716-1b4b02cf19f4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019e4144-bf98-7522-8716-1b4b02cf19f4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019e4144-bf98-7a0f-80c5-8ca171dfe3c1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="23" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019e4144-bf98-79da-9a68-c85b5a2159e1" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019e4144-bf98-7a0f-80c5-8ca171dfe3c1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
