In 2026, the Company's reported income tax expense differed from the amount that would result from applying the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, primarily due to an interim adjustment for pre-tax losses for which no income tax benefit was recognized as a result of its valuation allowance positions.

During the second quarter of 2026, the Company recognized a discrete tax charge of $3.4 million, related to the establishment of a full valuation allowance against the beginning-of-the-year balance of Brazilian deferred tax assets. Based on a review of recent operating results, cumulative losses, and a declining forecast, management concluded that the evidence no longer supports a more-likely-than-not standard that these deferred tax assets will be realized.

In 2025, the Company’s reported income tax expense differed from the amount that would result from applying the U.S. federal statutory rate, primarily due to recording additional valuation allowances attributable to the capitalization of research and development expenses under U.S. tax rules in effect at that time. The reported income tax expense was further impacted by an interim adjustment from pre-tax losses for which no tax benefit was recognized.