<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019fc861-b88a-7fbf-9cd2-5bcab6fd061b,g:f3c2c1df-2c9a-4225-a649-5a0d89eafbf0-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.baxter.com/role/DocumentandEntityInformationDocument" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="bax-20260804.xsd#DocumentandEntityInformationDocument"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.baxter.com/role/DocumentandEntityInformationDocument" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019fc861-b88a-7db2-bdbd-e5b599fc8d7b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntitiesTable_019fc861-b88a-7c4c-af0c-c43cf095e55d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntitiesTable"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019fc861-b88a-7db2-bdbd-e5b599fc8d7b" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntitiesTable_019fc861-b88a-7c4c-af0c-c43cf095e55d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityListingsExchangeAxis_019fc861-b88a-7190-844b-18ed3da6b508" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityListingsExchangeAxis"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntitiesTable_019fc861-b88a-7c4c-af0c-c43cf095e55d" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityListingsExchangeAxis_019fc861-b88a-7190-844b-18ed3da6b508" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_ExchangeDomain_019fc861-b88a-7455-8820-9ea891a93bc7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_ExchangeDomain"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityListingsExchangeAxis_019fc861-b88a-7190-844b-18ed3da6b508" xlink:to="loc_dei_ExchangeDomain_019fc861-b88a-7455-8820-9ea891a93bc7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_exch_XNYS_019fc861-b88a-7966-ac78-a656575ed626" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2026/exch-2026.xsd#exch_XNYS"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_ExchangeDomain_019fc861-b88a-7455-8820-9ea891a93bc7" xlink:to="loc_exch_XNYS_019fc861-b88a-7966-ac78-a656575ed626" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_exch_XCHI_019fc861-b88a-700c-95ba-b72b495bdd81" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2026/exch-2026.xsd#exch_XCHI"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_ExchangeDomain_019fc861-b88a-7455-8820-9ea891a93bc7" xlink:to="loc_exch_XCHI_019fc861-b88a-700c-95ba-b72b495bdd81" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019fc861-b88a-76be-8e72-0fd1707c5766" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntitiesTable_019fc861-b88a-7c4c-af0c-c43cf095e55d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019fc861-b88a-76be-8e72-0fd1707c5766" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019fc861-b88a-7af2-acbf-a3cba14bba18" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019fc861-b88a-76be-8e72-0fd1707c5766" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019fc861-b88a-7af2-acbf-a3cba14bba18" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_bax_CommonStock1.00PerValueMember_019fc861-b88a-7030-8433-a7783e946c3f" xlink:href="bax-20260804.xsd#bax_CommonStock1.00PerValueMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019fc861-b88a-7af2-acbf-a3cba14bba18" xlink:to="loc_bax_CommonStock1.00PerValueMember_019fc861-b88a-7030-8433-a7783e946c3f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_bax_GlobalNotes13Due2029Member_019fc861-b88a-7440-99b8-409d7a845709" xlink:href="bax-20260804.xsd#bax_GlobalNotes13Due2029Member"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019fc861-b88a-7af2-acbf-a3cba14bba18" xlink:to="loc_bax_GlobalNotes13Due2029Member_019fc861-b88a-7440-99b8-409d7a845709" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityInformationLineItems"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntitiesTable_019fc861-b88a-7c4c-af0c-c43cf095e55d" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019fc861-b88a-7658-ac39-99636d21971b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019fc861-b88a-7658-ac39-99636d21971b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019fc861-b88a-7b7f-aa2d-ba4275ba7d32" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019fc861-b88a-7b7f-aa2d-ba4275ba7d32" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019fc861-b88a-7e93-a194-3e6416a36b5d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019fc861-b88a-7e93-a194-3e6416a36b5d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019fc861-b88a-7c5f-9b0d-27849d6eb703" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019fc861-b88a-7c5f-9b0d-27849d6eb703" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019fc861-b88a-70b0-8e2f-49a22366e082" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019fc861-b88a-70b0-8e2f-49a22366e082" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019fc861-b88a-7077-b9ef-d90abe5f4992" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019fc861-b88a-7077-b9ef-d90abe5f4992" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019fc861-b88a-79cb-96f7-0861e648420b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019fc861-b88a-79cb-96f7-0861e648420b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019fc861-b88a-7178-aaaf-3f9173ecd5aa" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019fc861-b88a-7178-aaaf-3f9173ecd5aa" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019fc861-b88a-75fb-a664-f3a96277dd39" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019fc861-b88a-75fb-a664-f3a96277dd39" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019fc861-b88a-7ece-8e4d-53f436e194ed" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019fc861-b88a-7ece-8e4d-53f436e194ed" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019fc861-b88a-7ef8-ac3e-1036ca2e69a1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019fc861-b88a-7ef8-ac3e-1036ca2e69a1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019fc861-b88a-7614-a4fa-ad23b894eba4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019fc861-b88a-7614-a4fa-ad23b894eba4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019fc861-b88a-7dcf-8fd8-f61507cc8750" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019fc861-b88a-7dcf-8fd8-f61507cc8750" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019fc861-b88a-72a7-83c2-c139dff6804c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019fc861-b88a-72a7-83c2-c139dff6804c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019fc861-b88a-794e-bacd-442d86565606" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019fc861-b88a-794e-bacd-442d86565606" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019fc861-b88a-756b-98b6-954a3a5e1386" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019fc861-b88a-756b-98b6-954a3a5e1386" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019fc861-b88a-7964-899f-7c1c5e5c91a9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019fc861-b88a-7964-899f-7c1c5e5c91a9" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019fc861-b88a-7722-9784-af2ce112d533" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019fc861-b88a-7722-9784-af2ce112d533" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019fc861-b88a-705a-be50-c4258a07c968" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019fc861-b88a-705a-be50-c4258a07c968" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019fc861-b88a-7ab3-87c9-21e01a57421c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019fc861-b88a-7ab3-87c9-21e01a57421c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019fc861-b88a-70c4-a25a-5d568c70af5d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019fc861-b88a-70c4-a25a-5d568c70af5d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019fc861-b88a-7d2f-9229-fde1132fef21" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInformationLineItems_019fc861-b88a-7ffc-bbdb-eaa571e34a3c" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019fc861-b88a-7d2f-9229-fde1132fef21" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
