For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, we recognized $1.4 million and $2.5 million, respectively, of restructuring costs related to our initiatives to better leverage our fixed cost base through growth and cost reduction measures. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, we recognized $1.6 million and $3.6 million of restructuring costs related to these initiatives, respectively. The cumulative expense incurred as of June 30, 2026 was $77.0 million.

As of June 30, 2026, we have recorded the following activity associated with our optimization initiatives:


	Beginning Reserve at December 31, 2025		Net Charges for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026		Cash Paid		Interest and FX Impact		Ending Reserve at June 30, 2026
Employee severance	$	4,283	$	44	$	(2,121)	$	(33)	$	2,173
Professional fees and other costs	2,175		2,461		(4,033)		29		632
Totals	$	6,458	$	2,505	$	(6,154)	$	(4)	$	2,805

As of June 30, 2025, we have recorded the following activity associated with our optimization initiatives:


	Beginning Reserve at December 31, 2024		Net Charges for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025		Cash Paid		Interest and FX Impact		Ending Reserve at June 30, 2025
Employee severance	$	9,161	$	362	$	(3,568)	$	691	$	6,646
Professional fees and other costs	796		3,259		(3,451)		5		609
Totals	$	9,957	$	3,621	$	(7,019)	$	696	$	7,255