| Investment Securities |
Note 4 — Investment Securities Investment Securities The following is the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities held to maturity: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Gross | | Gross | | | | | | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Fair | | (Dollars in thousands) | | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Value | | June 30, 2026: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | U.S. Government agencies | | $ | 132,915 | | $ | — | | $ | (16,795) | | $ | 116,120 | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 1,090,113 | | | — | | | (175,475) | | | 914,638 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 363,925 | | | — | | | (57,204) | | | 306,721 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 324,980 | | | — | | | (57,187) | | | 267,793 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | 43,821 | | | — | | | (8,051) | | | 35,770 | | | | $ | 1,955,754 | | $ | — | | $ | (314,712) | | $ | 1,641,042 | | December 31, 2025: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | U.S. Government agencies | | $ | 132,913 | | $ | — | | $ | (15,767) | | $ | 117,146 | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 1,153,024 | | | — | | | (177,101) | | | 975,923 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 379,107 | | | — | | | (55,232) | | | 323,875 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 336,910 | | | — | | | (58,332) | | | 278,578 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | 46,076 | | | — | | | (8,748) | | | 37,328 | | | | $ | 2,048,030 | | $ | — | | $ | (315,180) | | $ | 1,732,850 | |
The following is the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Gross | | Gross | | | | | | | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Fair | | (Dollars in thousands) | | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Value | | June 30, 2026: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | $ | 2,026,760 | | $ | 4,562 | | $ | (144,756) | | $ | 1,886,566 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 2,082,757 | | | 5,511 | | | (54,109) | | | 2,034,159 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 1,095,770 | | | 1,050 | | | (79,341) | | | 1,017,479 | | State and municipal obligations | | | 1,240,617 | | | 2,484 | | | (128,351) | | | 1,114,750 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | 547,528 | | | 433 | | | (24,844) | | | 523,117 | | Corporate securities | | | 23,000 | | | — | | | (894) | | | 22,106 | | | | $ | 7,016,432 | | $ | 14,040 | | $ | (432,295) | | $ | 6,598,177 | | December 31, 2025: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | $ | 1,826,307 | | $ | 10,108 | | $ | (138,307) | | $ | 1,698,108 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 2,208,710 | | | 23,979 | | | (47,105) | | | 2,185,584 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 903,209 | | | 3,282 | | | (74,042) | | | 832,449 | | State and municipal obligations | | | 1,141,377 | | | 1,252 | | | (135,217) | | | 1,007,412 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | 593,973 | | | 548 | | | (26,088) | | | 568,433 | | Corporate securities | | | 23,000 | | | — | | | (1,230) | | | 21,770 | | | | $ | 6,696,576 | | $ | 39,169 | | $ | (421,989) | | $ | 6,313,756 | |
The following is the amortized cost and carrying value of other investment securities: | | | | | | | Carrying | | (Dollars in thousands) | | Value | | June 30, 2026: | | | | | Federal Home Loan Bank stock | | $ | 32,336 | | Federal Reserve Bank stock | | | 234,374 | | Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries | | | 5,287 | | Other investment securities | | | 94,989 | | | | $ | 366,986 | | December 31, 2025: | | | | | Federal Home Loan Bank stock | | $ | 18,086 | | Federal Reserve Bank stock | | | 234,374 | | Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries | | | 5,287 | | Other investment securities | | | 95,681 | | | | $ | 353,428 | |
The Company’s other investment securities consist of non-marketable equity and other securities that have no readily determinable market value. Accordingly, when evaluating these securities for impairment, management considers the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than recognizing temporary declines in value. As of June 30, 2026, the Company has determined that there was no impairment on its other investment securities. The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at June 30, 2026, by contractual maturity are detailed below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Securities | | Securities | | | | Held to Maturity | | Available for Sale | | | | Amortized | | Fair | | Amortized | | Fair | | (Dollars in thousands) | | Cost | | Value | | Cost | | Value | | Due in one year or less | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 25,660 | | $ | 25,525 | | Due after one year through five years | | | 172,583 | | | 160,937 | | | 415,952 | | | 411,268 | | Due after five years through ten years | | | 330,479 | | | 287,326 | | | 1,211,660 | | | 1,143,401 | | Due after ten years | | | 1,452,692 | | | 1,192,779 | | | 5,363,160 | | | 5,017,983 | | | | $ | 1,955,754 | | $ | 1,641,042 | | $ | 7,016,432 | | $ | 6,598,177 | |
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, there were no sales of securities available for sale. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, there were no sales of securities available for sale. During the first quarter of 2025, the Company sold a portion of the available for sale investment securities acquired from Independent and recognized no gain or loss on these investment securities as each security was marked to fair value at the acquisition date. During the first quarter of 2025, in addition to the sale of the investment securities acquired from Independent, the Company executed an investment portfolio restructuring and sold $1.8 billion of available for sale investment securities from its existing investment securities portfolio. The following table provides additional details of the available for sale investment securities sold during the six months ended June 30, 2025: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2025 | | (Dollars in thousands) | | Sales of Securities Acquired from Independent | | Investment Securities Sales | | Total | | Sale proceeds | | $ | 1,279,717 | | $ | 1,594,393 | | $ | 2,874,110 | | Gross realized gains | | | — | | | 8,892 | | | 8,892 | | Gross realized losses | | | — | | | (237,703) | | | (237,703) | | Net realized losses | | $ | — | | $ | (228,811) | | $ | (228,811) | |
There were no sales of held to maturity securities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 or June 30, 2025. The Company had 1,129 securities with gross unrealized losses at June 30, 2026. Information pertaining to our securities with gross unrealized losses at June 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position is as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Less Than | | 12 Months | | | | 12 Months | | or More | | | | Gross Unrealized | | Fair | | Gross Unrealized | | Fair | | (Dollars in thousands) | | Losses | | Value | | Losses | | Value | | June 30, 2026: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Securities Held to Maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | U.S. Government agencies | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 16,795 | | $ | 116,120 | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | — | | | — | | | 175,475 | | | 914,638 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | — | | | — | | | 57,204 | | | 306,721 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | — | | | — | | | 57,188 | | | 267,793 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | — | | | — | | | 8,050 | | | 35,770 | | | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 314,712 | | $ | 1,641,042 | | Securities Available for Sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | $ | 5,882 | | $ | 694,570 | | $ | 138,873 | | $ | 752,869 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 5,713 | | | 874,273 | | | 48,396 | | | 258,069 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 4,740 | | | 462,508 | | | 74,602 | | | 391,176 | | State and municipal obligations | | | 436 | | | 61,086 | | | 127,914 | | | 864,249 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | 403 | | | 126,057 | | | 24,442 | | | 358,963 | | Corporate securities | | | 64 | | | 9,936 | | | 830 | | | 12,170 | | | | $ | 17,238 | | $ | 2,228,430 | | $ | 415,057 | | $ | 2,637,496 | | December 31, 2025: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Securities Held to Maturity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | U.S. Government agencies | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 15,767 | | $ | 117,146 | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | — | | | — | | | 177,101 | | | 975,923 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | — | | | — | | | 55,232 | | | 323,874 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | — | | | — | | | 58,332 | | | 278,579 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | — | | | — | | | 8,748 | | | 37,328 | | | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 315,180 | | $ | 1,732,850 | | Securities Available for Sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | $ | 459 | | $ | 145,357 | | $ | 137,848 | | $ | 803,407 | | Residential collateralized mortgage-obligations issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 46 | | | 40,399 | | | 47,059 | | | 278,620 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 228 | | | 152,299 | | | 73,814 | | | 423,165 | | State and municipal obligations | | | 572 | | | 43,620 | | | 134,645 | | | 903,784 | | Small Business Administration loan-backed securities | | | 680 | | | 284,036 | | | 25,408 | | | 202,322 | | Corporate securities | | | — | | | — | | | 1,230 | | | 21,769 | | | | $ | 1,985 | | $ | 665,711 | | $ | 420,004 | | $ | 2,633,067 | |
The Company’s valuation methodology for securities impairment is disclosed in Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, under the “Investment Securities” section, of the 2025 Form 10-K. All debt securities in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2026, continue to perform as scheduled and management does not believe there is a provision for credit losses is necessary. Management does not currently intend to sell the securities within the portfolio, and it is not more-likely-than-not that the Company will be required to sell the debt securities. The Company follows its nonaccrual policy by reversing interest income in the income statement when the Company determines the interest for held to maturity securities is uncollectible. Therefore, management excludes the accrued interest receivable balance from the amortized cost basis in measuring expected credit losses on the investment securities and does not record an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable. As of June 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025, the accrued interest receivables for all investment securities recorded in Other Assets were $42.0 million and $38.9 million, respectively. At June 30, 2026, investment securities with a market value of $5.1 billion and a carrying value of $5.4 billion were pledged to secure public funds deposits and for other purposes required and permitted by law (excluding securities pledged to secure repurchase agreement disclosed in Note 19 — Short-Term Borrowings, under the “Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase (“Repurchase agreements”)” section). Of the $5.4 billion carrying value of investment securities pledged, $5.3 billion were pledged to secure public funds deposits, $23.8 million were pledged to secure FHLB advances, and $78.4 million were pledged to secure interest rate swap positions with correspondent banks. At December 31, 2025, investment securities with a market value of $5.2 billion and a carrying value of $5.5 billion were pledged to secure public funds deposits and for other purposes required and permitted by law. Of the $5.5 billion carrying value of investment securities pledged, $5.2 billion were pledged to secure public funds deposits, $182.2 million were pledged to secure FHLB advances and $83.3 million were pledged to secure interest rate swap positions with correspondent banks. Trading Securities At June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, trading securities, at estimated fair value, were as follows: | | | | | | | | | | June 30, | | December 31, | | (Dollars in thousands) | | 2026 | | 2025 | | U.S. Government agencies | | $ | 9,855 | | $ | 1,872 | | Residential mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. | | | | | | | | government agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 20,667 | | | 9,799 | | Other residential mortgage issued or guaranteed by U.S. government | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 7,705 | | | 1,419 | | Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government | | | | | | | | agencies or sponsored enterprises | | | 28,073 | | | 5,966 | | State and municipal obligations | | | 42,131 | | | 24,816 | | Small Business Administration asset-backed securities | | | 82,421 | | | 66,173 | | Other debt securities | | | 242 | | | 138 | | | | $ | 191,094 | | $ | 110,183 | |
Net gains (losses) on trading securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025, were as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | | | | June 30, | | June 30, | | (Dollars in thousands) | | 2026 | | 2025 | | 2026 | | 2025 | | Net gains (losses) on sales transaction | | $ | 1,017 | | $ | (418) | | $ | 1,401 | | $ | (56) | | Net unrealized gains (losses) | | | 89 | | | 291 | | | (487) | | | 412 | | Net gains (losses) on trading securities | | $ | 1,106 | | $ | (127) | | $ | 914 | | $ | 356 | |
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