Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration File No.: 333-289050

NEUBERGER PRIVATE MARKETS ACCESS FUND LLC
Institutional Class Shares
Class A-1 Shares
Class A-2 Shares
July 31, 2026
Neuberger Private Markets Access Fund LLC (the “Fund”) (formerly known as NB Private Markets Access Fund LLC) is a Delaware limited liability company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. Neuberger Berman Investment Advisers LLC (the “Investment Adviser”) has engaged NB Alternatives Advisers LLC (the “Sub-Adviser” and, together with the Investment Adviser, the “Adviser”) to assist with investment decisions with respect to the Fund.
The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive, long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in an actively managed portfolio of private equity investments. The Fund’s private equity investments focus on private equity strategies including buyouts, growth capital and special situations. The Fund’s investment exposure to these strategies is implemented via a variety of investment types that include: (i) direct investments in the equity of private companies and/or debt securities of operating companies and other credit instruments, including investments alongside private equity funds and other private equity firms; (ii) investments in private equity funds managed by various unaffiliated asset managers (“Portfolio Funds”) acquired in privately negotiated transactions (a) from investors in these Portfolio Funds, (b) in connection with a restructuring transaction of a Portfolio Fund(s), and/or (c) directly from a private equity fund; and (iii) primary investments in newly formed Portfolio Funds. The Fund also invests a portion of its assets in a portfolio of cash and cash equivalents, exchange-traded funds and liquid fixed-income securities.
This prospectus (the “Prospectus”) applies to the offering of three separate classes of shares of limited liability company interests, designated Institutional Class, Class A-1 and Class A-2 (the “Shares”). Investments in the Fund may be made only by eligible investors that are “qualified clients” as defined in Rule 205-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.
An investment in the Fund is speculative with a substantial risk of loss. The Fund and the Adviser do not guarantee any level of return or risk on investments and there can be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. You should carefully consider these risks together with all of the other information contained in this Prospectus before making a decision to invest in the Fund. See “Summary of Offering Terms—Risk Factors” and “Risks.”
Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and it is not anticipated that a secondary market for Shares will develop. Although the Fund may offer to repurchase Shares from time to time, Shares will not be redeemable at an investor’s option nor will they be exchangeable for shares of any other fund. As a result, an investor may not be able to sell or otherwise liquidate his or her Shares.
An investment in the Fund may not be suitable for investors who may need the money they invested in a specified timeframe.
Shares are subject to substantial restrictions on transferability and resale and may not be transferred or resold except as permitted under the Fund’s limited liability company agreement.
The amount of distributions that the Fund may pay, if any, is uncertain.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 
Per Class A-1 Share
Per Class A-2 Share
Per Institutional
Class Share
Total
Price to Public(1)
Current NAV
Current NAV
Current NAV
$3,000,000,000
Sales Load(2)
3.50%
None
None
Proceeds to the Fund(3)
Current NAV less applicable sales load
Current NAV
Current NAV
Up to $3,000,000,000
(1)
Institutional Shares are offered monthly at net asset value (“NAV”) per share. Class A-1 Shares are offered at an offering price equal to the then-current NAV of Class A-1 Shares plus the applicable sales load, as described in this prospectus. Class A-2 Shares are offered at an offering price equal to the then-current NAV of Class A-2 Shares. While neither the Fund nor the Fund’s distributor (the “Distributor”) impose an initial sales charge on Institutional Class or Class A-2 Shares, if a shareholder buys Class A-2 Shares through certain selling agents or financial intermediaries, such selling agent or financial intermediary may directly charge Shareholders transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. See “Plan of Distribution.”
(2)
The minimum initial investment in the Fund by any investor is $25,000 with respect to Class A-1 Shares, Class A-2 Shares and Institutional Class Shares, and the minimum additional investment in the Fund by any investor is $10,000, except for additional purchases pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan. Subscriptions for Class A-1 Shares are sold subject to a sales load of up to 3.50% of the subscription amount. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor impose an initial sales charge on Institutional Class or Class A-2 Shares, if a shareholder buys Class A-2 Shares through certain selling agents or financial intermediaries, such selling agent or financial intermediary may directly charge Shareholders transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares each pay a distribution and servicing fee at an annual rate of 0.70% based on the aggregate net assets of the Fund attributable to such class to the Distributor. Institutional Class Shares are not subject to a Distribution and Servicing Fee. See “Summary of Fund Fees and Expenses” and “Plan of Distribution.”
(3)
Assumes that all Shares currently registered are sold in the continuous offering. The proceeds may differ from that shown if additional Shares are registered. The Fund also bears certain ongoing offering costs associated with the Fund’s continuous offering of Shares.
You should read this Prospectus, which concisely sets forth information about the Fund, before deciding whether to invest in the Shares and retain it for future reference. A Statement of Additional Information, dated July 31, 2026, containing additional information about the Fund (the “SAI”), has been filed with the SEC and, as amended from time to time, is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this Prospectus. You may request a free copy of the SAI, the table of contents of which is on page 82 of this Prospectus, as well as free copies of the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders, and other information about the Fund by calling (212) 476-8800, or by writing to the Fund at 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10104. This Prospectus, the SAI, and the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders are also published on the following website: https://www.nb.com/en/us/products/private-markets-funds/nb-private-markets-access-fund. You can get the same information for free from the SEC’s website, https://www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
You should not construe the contents of this Prospectus as legal, tax or financial advice. You should consult with your own professional advisors as to the legal, tax, financial or other matters relevant to the suitability of an investment in the Fund.
This Prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, a security in any jurisdiction or to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation in that jurisdiction.
The Fund’s Shares do not represent a deposit or an obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.

Table of Contents
 
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SUMMARY OF OFFERING TERMS
The following is only a summary and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in Neuberger Private Markets Access Fund LLC (the “Fund”) (formerly known as NB Private Markets Access Fund LLC). Before investing in the Fund, you should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus, the SAI and the Fund’s Limited Liability Company Agreement (the “LLC Agreement”).
The Fund
The Fund is a Delaware limited liability company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), as a closed-end, diversified, management investment company. The Fund sells its limited liability company interests (“Shares”) only to eligible investors that are “qualified clients” as defined in Rule 205-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The Fund’s Board of Managers (the “Board”), which is comprised solely of Managers who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of the Fund (“Independent Managers”), has overall responsibility for the management and supervision of the operations of the Fund.
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
Neuberger Berman Investment Advisers LLC serves as the Fund’s investment adviser (“Investment Adviser”). The Investment Adviser has engaged NB Alternatives Advisers LLC as sub-adviser (“Sub-Adviser” and, together with the Investment Adviser, the “Adviser”) to assist with investment decisions. The Investment Adviser and the Sub-Adviser are indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of Neuberger Berman Group LLC (“Neuberger”), and are each registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act.
Investment Objective and Strategy
The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive, long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in an actively managed portfolio of private equity investments.
The Fund’s private equity investments focus on private equity strategies including buyouts, growth capital and special situations. The Fund’s investment exposure to these strategies is implemented via a variety of investment types that include: (i) direct investments in the equity of private companies, and/or debt securities of operating companies and other credit instruments, including investments alongside private equity funds and other private equity firms (“Direct Investments”); (ii) investments in private equity funds managed by various unaffiliated asset managers (“Portfolio Funds”) acquired in privately negotiated transactions (a) from investors in these Portfolio Funds, (b) in connection with a restructuring transaction of a Portfolio Fund(s), and/or (c) directly from a private equity fund (“Secondary Investments”); and (iii) primary investments in newly formed Portfolio Funds (“Primary Investments”). The Fund also invests a portion of its assets in a portfolio of cash and cash equivalents and liquid fixed-income securities managed by investment professionals of the Investment Adviser. The Fund obtains its investment exposure by investing directly in private and
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public securities and other instruments but may also invest in investment companies, including investment companies managed by the Adviser, as well as in exchange traded funds (“ETFs”).
Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests and/or makes capital commitments of at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in Private Market Assets. For purposes of this policy, Private Market Assets include Direct Investments (except for ETFs) and Portfolio Funds.
The Adviser manages the Fund’s asset allocation and private equity investment decisions with a view towards managing liquidity and maintaining a high level of investment in private equity. The Fund’s asset allocation and amount of private equity investments may be based, in part, on anticipated future distributions from private equity investments. The Adviser may also take other anticipated cash flows into account, such as those relating to new subscriptions into the Fund, the repurchase of Shares through periodic tenders by members of the Fund (“Shareholders”) and any distributions made to Shareholders. To forecast portfolio cash flows, the Adviser utilizes quantitative and qualitative factors, including historical private equity data, actual portfolio observations and qualitative forecasts by the Adviser. A portion of the Fund’s assets allocated to certain strategies may be chosen by a select group of the Adviser’s portfolio managers.
The Fund intends to utilize leverage in connection with its investment activities. Specifically, the Fund may borrow money through a credit facility it has entered into to provide liquidity for capital calls by Portfolio Funds and to manage timing issues in connection with the acquisition of Fund investments and the inflows of additional capital. There is no assurance, however, that the Fund will be able to timely repay any borrowings under such credit line, which may result in the Fund incurring leverage on its portfolio investments from time to time. The Investment Company Act requires a registered closed-end investment company, like the Fund, to satisfy an asset coverage requirement of 300% of its indebtedness, including amounts borrowed, measured at the time the investment company incurs the indebtedness (the “Asset Coverage Requirement”). This requirement means that the value of the Fund’s total indebtedness may not exceed one third the value of its total assets (including the indebtedness). The Fund’s borrowings will at all times be subject to the Asset Coverage Requirement. Leverage is speculative and involves certain risks. In general, the use of leverage by the Fund may increase the volatility of the Fund. See “Risks -- Use of Leverage.” To enhance the Fund’s liquidity, particularly in times of possible net outflows through the repurchase of Shares by periodic tender offers to Shareholders, the Adviser may sell certain of the Fund’s assets.
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The Fund seeks to hold an amount of liquid assets consistent with prudent liquidity management. For temporary defensive purposes, liquidity management or in connection with implementing changes in its asset allocation, the Fund may hold a substantially higher amount of liquid investments, including cash and cash equivalents.
There can be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful.
Risk Factors
An investment in the Fund is speculative with a substantial risk of loss. See “Risks” for special considerations relevant to an investment in the Fund.
Distributor
Neuberger Berman BD LLC, an affiliate of the Adviser, acts as distributor for the Fund’s Shares (the “Distributor”) and serves in that capacity on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions.
The Distributor retains additional selling agents or other financial intermediaries to place Shares in the Fund. Such selling agents or other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on Shareholder accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this Prospectus.
Share Classes
The Fund offers three separate classes of Shares designated as Institutional Class, Class A-1 and Class A-2. Each class of Shares has differing characteristics, particularly in terms of the sales charges that Shareholders in that class may bear, and the distribution and service fees that each class may be charged. Selling agents typically receive the sales load with respect to Class A-1 Shares purchased by their clients. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor impose an initial sales charge on Institutional Class or Class A-2 Shares, if a shareholder buys Class A-2 Shares through certain selling agents or financial intermediaries, such selling agent or financial intermediary may directly charge Shareholders transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Shareholders should consult their financial advisors at such selling agents or financial intermediaries.
Consistent with the policies of the Shareholder’s financial intermediary, Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares of the Fund may be converted for Institutional Class Shares of the Fund if the investor and the relevant financial intermediary satisfies any then-applicable eligibility requirements for investment in Institutional Class Shares. Any such conversion will be effected at net asset value without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charges by the Fund.
The Fund has received an exemptive order from the SEC that allows it to issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable.
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Eligible Investors
Although the Shares are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Shares are sold only to persons or entities that are “qualified clients,” as defined in Rule 205-3 under the Advisers Act.
In addition, Shares are generally being offered only to investors that are U.S. persons for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The qualifications required to invest in the Fund are in subscription documents that must be completed by each prospective investor.
Each prospective investor in the Fund should obtain the advice of his, her or its own legal, accounting, tax and other advisers in reviewing documents pertaining to an investment in the Fund, including, but not limited to, this Prospectus and the LLC Agreement before deciding to invest in the Fund.
Minimum Investment
The minimum initial investment in the Fund by any investor is $25,000 with respect to Class A-1 Shares, Class A-2 Shares and Institutional Class Shares, and the minimum additional investment in the Fund by any investor is $10,000, except for additional purchases pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan.
Purchasing Shares
Shares generally are offered for purchase as of the first business day of each calendar month, or at such other times as determined in the discretion of the Board. The purchase price of the Shares is based on the net asset value per Share as of the date such Shares are purchased. Fractions of Shares are issued to one one-thousandth of a Share.
Subscriptions for Class A-1 Shares are sold subject to a sales load of up to 3.50% of the subscription amount. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor impose an initial sales charge on Institutional Class or Class A-2 Shares, if a Shareholder buys Class A-2 Shares through certain selling agents or financial intermediaries, such selling agent or financial intermediary may directly charge Shareholders transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine.
Subscriptions are generally subject to the receipt of cleared funds on or prior to the acceptance date set by the Fund and notified to prospective investors. An investor who misses the acceptance date will have the effectiveness of his, her or its investment in the Fund delayed until the following month.
Pending any closing, funds received from prospective investors will be placed in an account with UMB Bank, N.A. On the date of any closing, the balance in the account with respect to each investor whose investment is accepted will be invested in the Fund on behalf of such investor. Any interest earned with respect to such account will be paid to the Fund and allocated pro rata among investors.
Prospective investors whose subscriptions to purchase Shares are accepted by the Fund will become shareholders by being admitted as Shareholders. A prospective investor must submit a completed subscription document on or prior to the acceptance date set by the Fund and notified to prospective investors. An existing Shareholder
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generally may subscribe for additional Shares by completing an additional subscription agreement by the acceptance date and funding such amount by the deadline. The Fund reserves the right to accept or reject, in its sole discretion, any request to purchase Shares at any time. The Fund also reserves the right to suspend or terminate offerings of Shares at any time. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, any amount received in advance of a purchase ultimately rejected by the Fund will be returned promptly to the prospective investor without the deduction of any sales load, fees or expenses. Prospective investors whose purchases are rejected by the Fund will receive a pro rata share of any interest earned on the amounts placed in escrow prior to acceptance, if applicable. Prospective investors who purchase Shares through financial intermediaries will be subject to the procedures of those intermediaries through which they purchase Shares, which may include charges, investment minimums, cutoff times and other restrictions in addition to, or different from, those listed herein. Prospective investors purchasing shares of the Fund through financial intermediaries should acquaint themselves with their financial intermediaries’ procedures and should read this Prospectus in conjunction with any materials and information provided by their financial intermediaries.
Additional information regarding the subscription process is set forth under “Purchasing Shares.”
Distributions
Because the Fund intends to qualify annually as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the Fund intends to distribute at least 90% of its annual investment company taxable income to its Shareholders on an annual basis. Distributions may also include net capital gains, if any. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that the Fund will pay distributions to Shareholders at any particular rate. Each year, a statement on Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Form 1099-DIV identifying the amount and character of the Fund’s distributions will be mailed to Shareholders. See “Taxes, RIC Status” below and “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
The Fund has adopted an “opt out” dividend reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”). Shareholders that wish to participate in the DRIP will not be required to take any action. A participating Shareholder’s distribution amount will purchase Shares at the net asset value of the Fund. Shareholders that wish to receive their distributions in cash may do so by making a written election to not participate in the DRIP by making an election in the Fund’s subscription document or by notifying the Administrator (as defined below) in writing at Neuberger Private Markets Access Fund LLC, c/o UMB Fund Services, Inc., 235 West Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212 or by email at AIProcessing@umb.com. Such written notice must be received by the Administrator 90 days prior to the record date of the distribution or the Shareholder will receive such distribution in Shares through the DRIP.
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No Redemption; Restrictions
on Transfer
No Shareholder has the right to require the Fund to redeem Shares. With very limited exceptions, Shares are not transferable, and liquidity for investments in Shares may be provided only through periodic offers by the Fund to repurchase Shares from Shareholders. See “Repurchase of Shares.”
Repurchase of Shares
To provide a limited degree of liquidity to Shareholders, at the sole discretion of the Adviser and subject to the Board’s approval, the Fund may from time to time offer to repurchase Shares pursuant to written tenders by Shareholders. The Adviser anticipates recommending to the Board that, under normal market circumstances, the Fund conduct repurchase offers of no more than 5% of the Fund’s net assets on a quarterly basis commencing on or about February 28, May 31, August 31 and November 30 of each year.
Any repurchases of Shares will be made at such times and on such terms as may be determined by the Board from time to time in its sole discretion. Under certain circumstances, the Board may offer to repurchase Shares at a discount to their prevailing net asset value. In determining whether the Fund should offer to repurchase Shares from Shareholders of the Fund pursuant to repurchase requests, the Board may consider, among other things, the recommendation of the Adviser as well as a variety of other operational, business and economic factors. The Fund may repurchase less than the full amount that Shareholders request to be repurchased. In addition, the Board may under certain circumstances elect to postpone, suspend or terminate an offer to repurchase Shares.
A Shareholder who tenders some but not all of its Shares for repurchase will be required to maintain a minimum account balance of $10,000. Such minimum ownership requirement may be waived by the Board, in its sole discretion. The Fund reserves the right to reduce the amount to be repurchased from a Shareholder so that the required capital balance is maintained.
A 2.00% early repurchase fee will be charged by the Fund with respect to any repurchase of Shares from a Shareholder at any time prior to the day immediately preceding the one-year anniversary of the Shareholder’s purchase of the Shares. Shares tendered for repurchase will be treated as having been repurchased on a “first in-first out” basis.
An early repurchase fee payable by a Shareholder may be waived by the Fund in circumstances where the Board determines that doing so is in the best interests of the Fund. See “Repurchase of Shares.”
Fees and Expenses
On an ongoing basis, the Fund bears its own operating expenses (including, without limitation, its offering expenses). A more detailed discussion of the Fund’s expenses can be found below under “Advisory Fee” “Incentive Fee,” “Administration Fee,” and “Distribution and Servicing Fee.”
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Advisory Fee
In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Investment Adviser, the Fund pays the Investment Adviser a quarterly advisory fee at an annual rate of 1.50% based on the Fund’s net asset value calculated and accrued monthly as of the last business day of each month (the “Advisory Fee”). For purposes of determining the Advisory Fee payable to the Investment Adviser for any month, the net asset value will be calculated prior to the inclusion of the Advisory Fee and Incentive Fee payable to the Investment Adviser. The Advisory Fee is payable in arrears within 5 business days after the completion of the net asset value computation for the quarter. The Advisory Fee is paid to the Investment Adviser out of the Fund’s assets, and therefore decreases the net profits or increases the net losses of the Fund.
Incentive Fee
At the end of each calendar quarter of the Fund, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive an incentive fee equal to 10% of the difference, if positive, between (i) the net profits of the Fund for the relevant period and (ii) the then balance, if any, of the Loss Recovery Account (as defined below) (the “Incentive Fee”). For the purposes of the Incentive Fee, the term “net profits” shall mean (i) the amount by which the net asset value of the Fund on the last day of the relevant period exceeds the net asset value of the Fund as of the commencement of the same period, including any net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments and realized income and gains or losses and expenses (including offering and organizational expenses) plus (ii) the aggregate distributions accrued during the period.
The Fund maintains a memorandum account (the “Loss Recovery Account”), which had an initial balance of zero and is (i) increased upon the close of each calendar quarter of the Fund by the amount of the net losses of the Fund for the quarter, and (ii) decreased (but not below zero) upon the close of each calendar quarter by the amount of the net profits of the Fund for the quarter. Net losses are defined as the amount by which the net asset value of the Fund on the last day of the relevant period is less than the net asset value of the Fund as of the commencement of the same period, including any net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments and realized income and gains or losses and expenses (including offering and organizational expenses). Shareholders of the Fund will benefit from the Loss Recovery Account in proportion to their holdings of Shares.
The Investment Adviser does not return to the Fund amounts paid to it on net profits that the Fund has not yet received in cash if such amounts are not ultimately received by the Fund in cash. If the Fund does not ultimately receive amounts in cash, a loss would be recognized, which would increase the amount of the Loss Recovery Account and reduce future fees.
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Administration Fee
The Fund has retained UMB Fund Services, Inc. (the “Administrator”) to provide it with certain administration and accounting services. In consideration for these services, the Fund pays the Administrator tiered fees based on the average monthly net asset value of the Fund, subject to a minimum annual fee, as well as certain other fixed, per-account or transactional fees (the “Administration Fee”). The Administration Fee is paid to the Administrator out of the assets of the Fund and therefore decreases the net profits or increases the net losses of the Fund. The Fund also reimburses the Administrator for certain out-of-pocket expenses and pays the Administrator a fee for transfer agency services. See “Administration and Accounting Services.”
Distribution and Servicing Fee for Class A-1 and Class A-2 Shares
Class A-1 and Class A-2 Shares are subject to an ongoing distribution and shareholder servicing fee (the “Distribution and Servicing Fee”) to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of Shareholders who own Class A-1 or Class A-2 Shares of the Fund, respectively. Under the terms of the SEC exemptive relief that the Fund has received to offer multiple classes of Shares, the Fund is subject to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. Accordingly, the Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan for each of its Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares (each, a “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and pays the Distribution and Servicing Fee with respect to its Class A-1 and Class A-2 Shares. Each Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act.
Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares each pay a Distribution and Servicing Fee at an annual rate of 0.70% based on the aggregate net assets of the Fund attributable to such class to the Distributor. For purposes of determining the Distribution and Servicing Fee, net asset value will be calculated prior to any reduction for any fees and expenses, including, without limitation, the Distribution and Servicing Fee payable. Institutional Class Shares are not subject to a Distribution and Servicing Fee.
The Adviser, or its affiliates, may pay additional compensation out of its own resources (i.e., not Fund assets) to certain selling agents or financial intermediaries in connection with the sale of the Shares. The additional compensation may differ among brokers or dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of additional compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by Shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of the additional compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments.
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Transfer Restrictions
Transfers of Shares may be made only with the prior written consent of the Board, which may be withheld in the Board’s sole discretion. In certain circumstances, as set forth in the LLC Agreement, a Shareholder may be required to withdraw entirely from the Fund.
Notice of a proposed transfer of Shares must be accompanied by properly completed transfer information documents in respect of the proposed transferee and must include evidence satisfactory to the Board that the proposed transferee, at the time of the transfer, meets any requirements imposed by the Fund with respect to investor eligibility and suitability.
Taxes; RIC Status
The Fund has elected to qualify and intends to continue to qualify each year to be treated as a regulated investment company or a “RIC” under Subchapter M of the Code. As such, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax, provided that it distributes all of its net taxable income and gains each year. It is anticipated that the Fund will principally recognize capital gains and dividends and therefore dividends paid to Shareholders in respect of such income generally will be taxable to Shareholders at the reduced rates of U.S. federal income tax that are applicable to individuals for “qualified dividends” and long-term capital gains.
For a discussion of certain tax risks and considerations relating to an investment in the Fund, see “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”
Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisers with respect to the specific U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. tax consequences, including applicable tax reporting requirements.
Tax Reports
The Fund will distribute to its Shareholders, after the end of each calendar year, IRS Forms 1099-DIV detailing the amounts includible in such Shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income, qualified dividend income and long-term capital gains. Dividends and other taxable distributions are taxable to the Fund’s Shareholders even if they are reinvested in additional Shares pursuant to the DRIP.
Reports to Shareholders
The Fund will provide Shareholders with an audited annual report and an unaudited semi-annual report within 60 days after the close of the reporting period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the Investment Company Act. Shareholders will also receive monthly reports and commentary regarding the Fund’s operations and investments.
The Fund will furnish to Shareholders as soon as practicable after the end of each taxable year information on Form 1099 to assist Shareholders in preparing their tax returns.
Fiscal and Tax Year
The Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on March 31. The Fund’s taxable year is the 12-month period ending on September 30.
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Term
The Fund’s term is perpetual unless the Fund is otherwise terminated under the terms of the LLC Agreement.
Custodian and Transfer Agent
UMB Bank, N.A. serves as the Fund’s custodian, and UMB Fund Services, Inc. serves as the Fund’s transfer agent.
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SUMMARY OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The fee table below is intended to assist Shareholders in understanding the various costs and expenses that the Fund expects to incur, and that Shareholders can expect to bear, by investing in the Fund.
Shareholder Transaction Expenses
Institutional
Class
Class A-1
Class A-2
Maximum Sales Load (as a percentage of subscription amount)(1)
None
3.50%
None
Maximum Early Repurchase Fee (as a percentage of repurchased amount)(2)
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%
Annual Expenses (as a percentage of the Fund’s net assets)
Institutional
Class
Class A-1
Class A-2
Advisory Fee(3)(9)
1.50%
1.50%
1.50%
Incentive Fee(4)
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
Distribution and Servicing Fee(5)
0.00%
0.70%
0.70%
Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds(6)
0.12%
0.12%
0.12%
Other Expenses(7)
0.20%
0.20%
0.20%
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(8)
0.30%
0.30%
0.30%
Total Annual Expenses
3.12%
3.82%
3.82%
Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement(9)
(0.00)%
(0.00)%
(0.00)%
Total Annual Expenses (After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement)
3.12%
3.82%
3.82%
1.
Subscriptions for Class A-1 Shares may be subject to a sales load of up to 3.50% of the subscription amount. The sales load payable by each Shareholder depends upon the amount invested by such Shareholder in Class A-1 Shares. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor impose an initial sales charge on Institutional Class or Class A-2 Shares, if a shareholder buys Class A-2 Shares through certain selling agents or financial intermediaries, such selling agent or financial intermediary may directly charge Shareholders transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine.
2.
A 2.00% Early Repurchase Fee payable to the Fund will be charged with respect to the repurchase of Shares at any time prior to the day immediately preceding the one-year anniversary of a Shareholder’s purchase of the Shares (on a “first in - first out” basis). An Early Repurchase Fee payable by a Shareholder may be waived in circumstances where the Board determines that doing so is in the best interests of the Fund and in a manner that will not discriminate unfairly against any Shareholder. The Early Repurchase Fee will be retained by the Fund for the benefit of the remaining Shareholders.
3.
The Fund pays the Investment Adviser a quarterly Advisory Fee at an annual rate of 1.50% based on the Fund’s net asset value, calculated and accrued monthly as of the last business day of each month. For purposes of determining the Advisory Fee payable to the Investment Adviser for any month, the net asset value will be calculated prior to the inclusion of the Advisory Fee payable to the Investment Adviser. To the extent the Fund invests any assets in an affiliated investment company, the Investment Adviser undertakes to waive a portion of the Advisory Fee equal to the advisory fee it receives from such affiliated investment company on those assets.
4.
At the end of each calendar quarter, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive an Incentive Fee equal to 10% of the difference, if positive, between (i) the net profits of the Fund for the relevant period and (ii) the then balance, if any, of the Loss Recovery Account. For the purposes of the Incentive Fee, the term “net profits” shall mean (i) the amount by which the net asset value of the Fund on the last day of the relevant period exceeds the net asset value of the Fund as of the commencement of the same period, including any net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments and realized income and gains or losses and expenses (including offering and organizational expenses) plus (ii) the aggregate distributions accrued during the period. The amount presented in this table is based on an estimate that assumes a hypothetical return of 10% for the Fund. The actual amount of the Incentive Fee will vary over time, and may be more or less than the amount in the table above, as the actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 10% return assumed for purposes of the estimate. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the actual Incentive Fee was 2.08% for each of Institutional Class, Class A-1 and Class A-2 Shares, respectively, when calculated using average net assets over the period.
5.
Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares each pay a Distribution and Servicing Fee at an annual rate of 0.70% based on the aggregate net assets of the Fund attributable to such class to the Fund’s Distributor. For purposes of determining the Distribution and Servicing Fee, net asset value will be calculated prior to any reduction for any fees and expenses, including, without limitation, the Distribution and Servicing Fee payable. Institutional Class Shares are not subject to a Distribution and Servicing Fee.
6.
These expenses represent estimated interest payments the Fund expects to incur in connection with its credit facility during the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027.
7.
“Other Expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year and include, among other things, professional fees and other expenses that the Fund bears, including initial and ongoing offering costs and fees and expenses of the Administrator, transfer agent and custodian.
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8.
Includes the fees and expenses of the Portfolio Funds in which the Fund is already invested and intends to invest based upon the anticipated net proceeds of the offering. Some of the Portfolio Funds in which the Fund invests generally charge asset-based management fees. The managers of the Portfolio Funds may also receive performance-based compensation if the Portfolio Funds achieve certain profit levels, generally in the form of “carried interest” allocations of profits from the Portfolio Funds, which effectively will reduce the investment returns of the Portfolio Funds. The Portfolio Funds in which the Fund invests generally charge a management fee of 1.00% to 2.50%, and approximately 20% to 30% of net profits as a carried interest allocation, subject to a clawback. The “Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses” disclosed above are based on historic returns of the Portfolio Funds in which the Fund already invests and expects to invest, which may change substantially over time. The “Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses” reflects operating expenses of the Portfolio Funds (i.e., management fees, administration fees and professional and other direct, fixed fees and expenses of the Portfolio Funds) and does not reflect any performance-based fees or allocations paid by the Portfolio Funds that are calculated solely on the realization and/or distribution of gains, or on the sum of such gains and unrealized appreciation of assets distributed in-kind. As such, fees and allocations for a particular period may be unrelated to the cost of investing in the Portfolio Funds.
9.
Pursuant to an expense limitation agreement (the “Expense Limitation Agreement”) with the Fund, the Investment Adviser has agreed to waive fees that it would otherwise be paid, and/or to assume expenses of the Fund, if required to ensure certain annual operating expenses (excluding the advisory fee, incentive fee, distribution and servicing fee, interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, dividend and interest expenses relating to short sales, fees and expenses incurred in connection with any credit facilities obtained by the Fund or a subsidiary, valuation service providers and extraordinary expenses, if any) (“Other Expenses”) do not exceed 0.30% per annum of the average monthly net assets. The Fund agrees to repay the Investment Adviser any fees waived under the Expense Limitation Agreement or any Other Expenses the Investment Adviser reimburses in excess of the Expense Limitation Agreement, provided the repayments do not cause the Fund’s Other Expenses to exceed the expense limitation in place at the time the fees were waived and/or the expenses were reimbursed, or the expense limitation in place at the time the Fund repays the Investment Adviser, whichever is lower. Any such repayments must be made within three years after the year in which the Investment Adviser incurred the expense. The Expense Limitation Agreement has a term ending on July 31, 2027, and the Investment Adviser may extend the term for a period of one year on an annual basis.
The purpose of the table above and the examples below is to assist prospective investors in understanding the various costs and expenses Shareholders will bear.
The following examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The examples assume that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value and that the percentage amounts listed under Annual Expenses remain the same. The assumption in the hypothetical example of a 5% annual return is required by regulation of the SEC and applicable to all registered investment companies. The assumed 5% annual return is not a prediction of, and does not represent, the projected or actual performance of the Fund.
Example 1
 
1 Year
3 Years
5 Years
10 Years
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 Class A-1 investment, assuming a 5% annual return:
$ 72
$ 147
$ 224
$ 426
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 Class A-2 investment, assuming a 5% annual return:
$ 38
$116
$ 196
$ 405
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 Institutional Class investment, assuming a 5% annual return:
$ 31
$96
$ 163
$ 343
Example 2
 
1 Year
3 Years
5 Years
10 Years
You would pay the following expenses on a $25,000 Class A-1 investment, assuming a 5% annual return:
$ 1,802
$ 3,684
$ 5,604
$ 10,644
You would pay the following expenses on a $25,000 Class A-2 investment, assuming a 5% annual return:
$961
$2,911
$ 4,901
$ 10,123
You would pay the following expenses on a $25,000 Institutional Class investment, assuming a 5% annual return:
$787
$ 2,402
$ 4,070
$8,563
The Examples above are based on the annual fees and expenses set forth on the table above. They should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown, and the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5.0% return assumed in the examples. A greater rate of return than that used in the Examples would increase the dollar amount of the asset-based fees paid by the Fund, as well as the effect of the Incentive Fee. In addition to the fees and expenses described above, shareholders may also be required to pay transaction or other fees on purchases of Class A-2 Shares of the Fund, which are not reflected in the example.
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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help an investor understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information in this table for the Fund’s fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024, March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022 and the Fund’s fiscal period ended March 31, 2021 has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements, which have been audited by KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), an independent registered public accounting firm. KPMG’s report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, with respect to the fiscal years ending March 31, 2022 through 2026, is included in the Fund’s Annual Report dated March 31, 2026.
Institutional Class
 
Year Ended
March 31,
2026
Year Ended
March 31,
2025
Year Ended
March 31,
2024
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Year Ended
March 31,
2022
Period from
January 19,
2021
(Commencement
of Operations)
through
March 31,
2021*
Per Share Operating Performance(1)
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR
$13.53
$12.58
$11.76
$10.83
$10.19
$10.00
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:
Net investment income (loss)
(0.48)
(0.16)
(0.13)
(0.08)
0.13
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments
3.19
1.11
0.95
1.06
0.64
0.19
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations
2.71
0.95
0.82
0.98
0.77
0.19
DISTRIBUTIONS
Net change in capital due to distributions
(0.05)
(0.13)
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR
16.24
13.53
12.58
11.76
10.83
10.19
TOTAL NET ASSET VALUE RETURN(2)(3)
19.96%
7.63%
6.93%
9.04%
7.64%
1.90%
RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of year
(in thousands)
1,364,352
958,973
618,241
425,935
350,463
212,013
Ratios to average net assets(4)(5)(6)
Total expenses before expense waiver, expense recoupment and fee offset
4.09%(7)(8)
2.74%(7)
2.72%(7)
2.32%(7)
1.50%
1.16%
Total expenses after expense waiver, expense recoupment and fee offset
4.05%
2.80%
2.68%
2.20%
1.33%
0.76%
Fee offset
(0.07)%
(0.01)%
(0.01)%
(0.04)%
—%
—%
Net investment income (loss)
(3.29)%
(1.24)%
(1.02)%
(0.67)%
1.24%
0.86%
Portfolio Turnover Rate(3)
12.08%
34.94%
4.97%
45.02%
57.13%
12.50%
*
Prior to the commencement date, the Fund had been inactive except for matters related to the Fund’s organization, registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, registration of the shares under the 1933 Act and the sale of 10,000 Institutional Class Shares to Neuberger Berman Europe Holdings LLC, an affiliate of the Adviser.
(1)
Selected data for the average Shares outstanding throughout each period.
(2)
Total Return, based on net asset value per Share, reflects the changes in net asset value based on the effects of organizational costs, the performance of the Fund during the period and reinvested dividend income, if any.
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(3)
Not annualized.
(4)
For the period January 19, 2021 (Commencement of Operations) through March 31, 2021, the expense and net investment income ratios are based on a very limited operating period and, as such, may not be meaningful.
(5)
The contractual fee and expense waiver (or recoupment) are reflected in both the net expense and net investment income (loss) ratios (see Note 3 to the Fund’s Financial Statements).
(6)
Annualized for periods less than 12 months.
(7)
Ratio is inclusive of the deferred tax expense from the Blocker Subsidiary. Excluding this tax expense, the ratio would be 3.97%, 2.59%, 2.67% and 1.96% for March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.
(8)
If Incentive Fees had been excluded, the expense ratios would have decreased by 2.08%, 0.80%, 0.79%, 0.99% and 0.78% for March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024, March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. Expenses do not include expenses from underlying funds in which the Fund invests.
CLASS A-1
 
Year Ended
March 31,
2026
Year Ended
March 31,
2025
Year Ended
March 31,
2024
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Period from
March 1, 2022
(Commencement
of Operations)
through
March 31, 2022
Per Share Operating Performance(1)
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR
$ 13.28
$ 12.43
$11.71
$ 10.82
$ 10.57
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:
Net investment income (loss)
(0.57)
(0.25)
(0.21)
(0.15)
(0.02)*
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments
3.11
1.10
0.93
1.05
0.27*
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations
2.54
0.85
0.72
0.90
0.25
DISTRIBUTIONS
Net change in capital due to distributions
(0.01)
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR
15.82
13.28
12.43
11.71
10.82
TOTAL NET ASSET VALUE RETURN(2)(3)
19.12%
6.87%
6.18%
8.28%
2.37%
RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of year
(in thousands)
150
126
118
111
102
Ratios to average net assets(4)(5)(6)
Total expenses before expense waiver, expense recoupment and fee offset
4.79%(7)(8)
3.44%(7)(8)
3.42%(7)(8)
3.02%(7)(8)
1.54%(8)
Total expenses after expense waiver, expense recoupment and fee offset
4.75%
3.50%
3.38%
2.90%
1.49%
Fee offset
(0.07)%
(0.01)%
(0.01)%
(0.04)%
—%
Net investment income (loss)
(3.99)%
(1.94)%
(1.72)%
(1.37)%
0.35%
Portfolio Turnover Rate(3)
12.08%
34.94%
4.97%
45.02%
57.13%
*
The amount of net investment income and net loss from securities (both realized and unrealized) per share, does not accord with the amounts reported in the Consolidated Statement of Operations due to the timing of purchases of Fund shares during the period.
(1)
Selected data for the average Shares outstanding throughout each period.
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(2)
Total Return, based on net asset value per Share, reflects the changes in net asset value based on the effects of organizational costs, the performance of the Fund during the period and reinvested dividend income, if any.
(3)
Not annualized.
(4)
For the period March 1, 2022 (Commencement of Operations) through March 31, 2022, the expense and net investment income ratios are based on a very limited operating period and, as such, may not be meaningful.
(5)
The contractual fee and expense waiver (and recoupment) are reflected in both the net expense and net investment income (loss) ratios (see Note 3 to the Fund’s Financial Statements).
(6)
Annualized for periods less than 12 months.
(7)
Ratio is inclusive of the deferred tax expense from the Blocker Subsidiary. Excluding this tax expense, the ratio would be 4.67%, 3.29%, 3.37% and 2.66% for March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.
(8)
If Incentive Fees had been excluded, the expense ratios would have decreased by 2.08%, 0.80%, 0.79%, 0.99% and 0.24% for March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024, March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. Expenses do not include expenses from underlying funds in which the Fund invests.
CLASS A-2
 
Year Ended
March 31,
2026
Year Ended
March 31,
2025
Year Ended
March 31,
2024
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Period from
March 1, 2022
(Commencement
of Operations)
through
March 31, 2022
Per Share Operating Performance(1)
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR
$13.28
$12.43
$11.71
$10.82
$ 10.57
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:
Net investment income (loss)
(0.57)
(0.25)
(0.21)
(0.15)
(0.04)*
Net realized and unrealized gain(loss) on investments
3.11
1.10
0.93
1.05
0.29*
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations
2.54
0.85
0.72
0.90
0.25
DISTRIBUTIONS
Net change in capital due to distributions
(0.01)
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR
15.82
13.28
12.43
11.71
10.82
TOTAL NET ASSET VALUE RETURN(2)(3)
19.12%
6.87%
6.18%
8.28%
2.37%
RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of year (in thousands)
885,147
590,075
324,109
25,107
1,613
Ratios to average net assets(4)(5)(6)
Total expenses before expense waiver, expense recoupment and fee offset
4.79%(7)(8)
3.44%(7)(8)
3.42%(7)(8)
3.02%(7)(8)
1.54%(8)
Total expenses after expense waiver, expense recoupment and fee offset
4.75%
3.50%
3.38%
2.90%
1.49%
Fee offset
(0.07)%
(0.01)%
(0.01)%
(0.04)%
—%
Net investment income (loss)
(3.99)%
(1.94)%
(1.72)%
(1.37)%
0.36%
Portfolio Turnover Rate(3)
12.08%
34.94%
4.97%
45.02%
57.13%
*
The amount of net investment income and net loss from securities (both realized and unrealized) per share, does not accord with the amounts reported in the Consolidated Statement of Operations due to the timing of purchases of Fund shares during the period.
(1)
Selected data for the average Shares outstanding throughout each period.
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(2)
Total Return, based on net asset value per Share, reflects the changes in net asset value based on the effects of organizational costs, the performance of the Fund during the period and reinvested dividend income, if any.
(3)
Not annualized.
(4)
For the period March 1, 2022 (Commencement of Operations) through March 31, 2022, the expense and net investment income ratios are based on a very limited operating period and, as such, may not be meaningful.
(5)
The contractual fee and expense waiver (and recoupment) are reflected in both the net expense and net investment income (loss) ratios (see Note 3 to the Fund’s Financial Statements).
(6)
Annualized for periods less than 12 months.
(7)
Ratio is inclusive of the deferred tax expense from the Blocker Subsidiary. Excluding this tax expense, the ratio would be 4.67%, 3.29%, 3.37% and 2.66% for March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.
(8)
If Incentive Fees had been excluded, the expense ratios would have decreased by 2.08%, 0.80%, 0.79%, 0.99% and 0.24% for March 31, 2026, March 31, 2025, March 31, 2024, March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. Expenses do not include expenses from underlying funds in which the Fund invests.
THE FUND
The Fund is a Delaware limited liability company formed on July 10, 2020 and is registered under the Investment Company Act as a closed-end, diversified, management investment company. The Fund held its initial closing on January 19, 2021.
The Fund’s Board of Managers, which is comprised of all Independent Managers, has overall responsibility for the management and supervision of operations of the Fund. The Board, to the extent permitted by applicable law, may delegate any of its rights, powers and authority to, among others, the officers of the Fund, any committee of the Board or the Adviser.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The proceeds from the sale of Shares of the Fund, not including the amount of any sales loads and the Fund’s fees and expenses (including, without limitation, offering expenses), will be invested by the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and strategies as soon as practicable after receipt of such proceeds, consistent with market conditions and the availability of suitable investments. The Fund anticipates that it will take a longer period of time to allocate proceeds of its continuous offering to certain investments, including direct equity investments in private companies, Primary Investments and Secondary Investments due to the nature of those investments. Such proceeds will be invested together with any interest earned in the Fund’s account with the Fund’s custodian prior to the closing of the applicable offering. See “Purchasing Shares.” Delays in investing the Fund’s assets may occur (i) because of the time typically required to complete private equity transactions (which may be considerable), (ii) because certain Portfolio Funds selected by the Adviser may provide infrequent opportunities to purchase their securities, and/or (iii) because of the time required for the managers of the Portfolio Funds (“Portfolio Fund Managers”) and sponsors of the private companies to invest the amounts committed by the Fund.
Pending the investment of the proceeds pursuant to the Fund’s investment objective and policies, the Fund may invest a portion of the proceeds of the offering, which may be a substantial portion, money market securities, cash or cash equivalents. In addition, the Fund may maintain a portion of the proceeds of the continuous offering in cash to meet operational needs. The Fund may not achieve its investment objective, or otherwise fully satisfy its investment policies, during such periods in which the Fund’s assets are not able to be substantially invested in accordance with its investment strategies.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGY
The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive, long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in an actively managed portfolio of private equity investments.
The Adviser believes the Fund’s investments offer Shareholders an opportunity to gain exposure to a broad range of global private equity investments opportunities. The Fund provides an opportunity for Shareholders to potentially achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns by investing in the private equity asset class while relying on the skills, experience and relationships of Neuberger.
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The Fund and the Adviser do not guarantee any level of return or risk on investments and there can be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful. The Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy of the Fund and may be changed with the approval of the Board upon 60 days’ prior written notice to the Fund’s Shareholders.
Private Equity Investment Strategies
The Fund provides investors with asset allocation and access to private equity investments that are typically only available to large institutional investors.
The Fund’s private equity investments focus on multiple distinct private equity strategies including:
Buyouts: Investments in the equity of established companies where an investor, typically a private equity firm, takes a controlling interest in the company often involving a combination of equity and debt financing to complete the acquisition.
Special Situations: Encompasses a broad range of investments including operational turnarounds, distressed debt, distressed financial assets, “rescue” financings and high yielding credit-oriented strategies.
Growth Capital: Growth capital is characterized by investments in companies that typically have a proven business model, but need capital to help facilitate growth.
Investment Types
The Fund’s investment exposure to the strategies described above is implemented through a variety of Direct Investments and Secondary Investments, and, to a lesser extent, Primary Investments in Portfolio Funds managed by various experienced third-party managers:
Direct Investments
Direct Investments in the equity securities of private companies, debt securities and other credit instruments, including alongside private equity funds and other private equity firms. In contrast to private equity fund investments, Direct Investments are generally the most cost-effective way to make private equity investments, by avoiding the fees and expenses generally associated with investing indirectly through underlying private equity funds. The Adviser believes the coupling of Direct Investments with Secondary Investments and select Primary Investments in Portfolio Funds should enhance and accelerate investment returns.
The Fund’s direct private equity investments are focused on identifying and selecting attractive equity and equity-like investments in high-quality companies, typically investing alongside another private equity fund or private equity firm. Direct private equity investments are expected to focus on buyout and growth capital opportunities of U.S. and non-U.S. companies that operate in multiple industries. Neuberger Private Markets (as defined below) integrated presence and experience across multiple private equity strategies provides extensive proprietary analysis and information on the private equity industry that generates investment sourcing and significant information and access advantages. The robust level of deal flow coupled with the investment team’s discipline and rigor in evaluating investment opportunities, allows Neuberger Private Markets to be highly selective in its portfolio construction and asset selection.
The Fund’s Direct Investments may also include investments in the debt issued by private companies, which may include loans and securities of private equity backed companies (collectively, “Private Credit”).
The Fund may also invest in U.S. Treasury securities, corporate bonds, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, fixed-rate loans, second lien loans, unsecured loans, and other investment grade and below investment grade fixed income securities, including investment grade short term debt obligations, convertible securities, money market instruments, repurchase agreements, and restricted securities.
In addition to U.S. Treasury securities, the Fund’s liquid fixed income and other credit investments focus on corporate bonds, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and floating rate senior secured loans issued by U.S. and foreign corporations, partnerships and other business entities, many of which are
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private equity backed companies (i.e., borrowers). Floating rate loans are often at the time of investment below investment grade securities (commonly known as “junk” or “junk bonds”). The Fund considers debt securities to be below investment grade if, at the time of investment, they are rated below the four highest categories by at least one independent credit rating agency or, if unrated, are determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Floating interest rates vary with and adjust to reflect changes in a generally recognized base interest rate or the prime rate. The Fund generally seeks to focus on loans of companies that the Adviser believes have the ability to generate cash flow through a full business cycle, maintain adequate liquidity and have access to both debt and equity capital, but may invest in loans of distressed companies.
While the Fund primarily obtains its investment exposure by investing directly in private and public securities and other instruments it may also invest in investment companies, including investment companies managed by the Adviser as well as in ETFs.
Portfolio Funds – The Fund makes Primary Investments and Secondary Investments in private equity funds managed by various experienced third-party managers. Secondary Investments are interests in existing private equity funds that are acquired in privately negotiated transactions, typically after the end of the private equity fund’s fundraising period. The Fund also invest in Secondary Investment transactions that are being led by a Portfolio Fund’s general partner, including end-of life transactions, which seek to partner investors, such as the Fund, with Portfolio Fund Managers to provide structured and holistic liquidity solutions to all the limited partners in a Portfolio Fund. Primary investments are interests or investments in newly established private equity funds. The Fund expects that a significant portion of its investment in Portfolio Funds will be Secondary Investments. The Fund’s investments in Portfolio Funds, including Secondary Investments, are expected to focus on experienced managers with efficient capital deployment.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund seeks to invest and/or make capital commitments of at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in Private Market Assets. For purposes of this policy, Private Market Assets include Direct Investments (except for ETFs) and Portfolio Funds. This policy may be changed by the Fund’s Board, upon 60 days’ prior written notice to Shareholders. This test is applied at the time of investment and/or commitment; later percentage changes caused by a change in the value of the Fund’s assets, including as a result in the change in the value of the Fund’s investments or due to the issuance or redemption of Shares, will not require the Fund to dispose of an investment.
The Adviser manages the Fund’s asset allocation and private equity investment decisions with a view towards managing liquidity and maintaining a high level of investment in private equity. The Fund’s asset allocation and amount of private equity investments may be based, in part, on anticipated future distributions from private equity investments. The Adviser may also take other anticipated cash flows into account, such as those relating to new subscriptions into the Fund, the repurchase of Shares through periodic tenders by investors and any distributions made to investors. To forecast portfolio cash flows, the Adviser utilizes quantitative and qualitative factors, including historical private equity data, actual portfolio observations and qualitative forecasts by the Adviser.
The Fund intends to utilize leverage in connection with its investment activities. Specifically, the Fund may borrow money through its credit facility to provide liquidity for capital calls by Portfolio Funds and to manage timing issues in connection with the acquisition of Fund investments and the inflows of additional capital. There is no assurance, however, that the Fund will be able to timely repay any borrowings under such credit facility, which may result in the Fund incurring leverage on its portfolio investments from time to time. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to renew its credit facility on attractive terms. The Fund’s borrowings will at all times be subject to the Asset Coverage Requirement, meaning that the value of the Fund’s total indebtedness may not exceed one third the value of its total assets (including the indebtedness). Leverage is speculative and involves certain risks. In general, the use of leverage by the Fund may increase the volatility of the Fund. See “Risks - Use of Leverage.” None of the foregoing Investment Company Act requirements apply to Portfolio Funds in which the Fund invests unless such Portfolio Funds are registered under the Investment Company Act. To enhance the Fund’s liquidity, particularly in times of possible net outflows through the repurchase of Shares by periodic tender offers to investors, the Adviser may sell certain of the Fund’s assets.
The Fund holds liquid assets and intends to hold such liquid assets to the extent required for purposes of liquidity management and compliance with applicable law. The Fund invests a portion of its assets in a portfolio of cash and
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cash equivalents ETFs and liquid fixed-income securities managed by investment professionals of the Investment Adviser. For temporary defensive purposes, liquidity management or in connection with implementing changes in its asset allocation, the Fund may hold a substantially higher amount of liquid investments, including cash and cash equivalents.
NEUBERGER PLATFORM
Neuberger Overview
The Fund’s affiliation with Neuberger affords it a distinct and sustainable competitive advantage with respect to deal sourcing, investment evaluation and execution. The Fund has access to the resources, relationships and expertise of one of the world’s leading private, employee-controlled asset management companies. Established in 1939, Neuberger is a leader in a broad range of global investment solutions tailored to institutions and individuals through customized separately managed accounts, mutual funds and alternative investment products. The Firm has 2,943 employees in 26 countries worldwide and, as of June 30, 2026, managed $613 billion of assets.
Experienced and Stable Private Equity Investment Team
The Sub-Adviser’s private markets team (“Neuberger Private Markets”) has a global presence with approximately 500 private markets professionals (approximately 370 of which actively works on the Fund’s investments) based in New York, Dallas, Boston, London, Madrid, Shanghai, Singapore, Hong Kong, Tokyo and Zurich. Neuberger Private Markets partners with institutions, advisors and individuals throughout the world to customize solutions that address their needs for income, growth and capital preservation. The private equity team’s depth and experience has allowed Neuberger Private Markets to deliver what we believe to be highly attractive portfolios for our clients, strong absolute and relative returns and exceptional client service. Neuberger Private Markets has a deep network of relationships across private equity with whom we invests on a direct, secondary and primary basis. Neuberger Private Markets is invested in approximately 560 direct investments, is an investor in over 1,000 private equity funds and holds over 490 active limited partners advisory board seats and observer seats as of March 31, 2026. Through these fund commitments and direct investments, Neuberger Private Markets has information on over 10,400 active underlying portfolio companies.
Long Term Track Record
Neuberger Private Markets has been an active and successful private equity investor since 1987. Neuberger Private Markets believes that it has demonstrated consistent and attractive performance over 39 years of private equity investing.
High Quality Portfolio Construction
Proven Investment Philosophy: Neuberger Private Markets’ investment philosophy and processes have been developed and refined over 40 years of private equity investing. Specifically, the four key tenets of our investment philosophy (allocate strategically & tactically, invest selectively, mitigate risk and deploy capital efficiently) are focused on seeking to create best-in-class portfolios for our investors with efficient deployment, outsized returns and reduced downside risk.
Attractive & Complementary Asset Mix: The ability to tactically utilize direct, secondary, and primary private equity investments allows Neuberger Private Markets to build an optimal portfolio, based on the relative expected risk and return characteristics as well the liquidity and duration parameters of the investment. Neuberger Private Markets believes that the coupling of direct and secondary investments with select primary investments has the potential to enhance and accelerate investment returns.
Established Investment Process
Rigorous Due Diligence: Neuberger Private Markets employs a rigorous and thorough due diligence process that it has developed and refined over 37 years of private equity investing. When considering an investment opportunity, Neuberger Private Markets follows a highly disciplined and comprehensive
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investment process. Each aspect of analyzing an opportunity including the team, strategy, industry, competition, historical investment performance and business plan, valuation, capital structure, legal ESG, other aspects of the opportunity, and portfolio fit, includes both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Neuberger Private Markets’ highly quantitative and detailed analysis allows the private equity team to identify opportunities that it believes have demonstrated ability to produce consistently strong returns. Neuberger Private Markets has reviewed over 5,300 potential investments across primaries, secondaries, and co-investments over the past three years ended December 31, 2025.
Investment Selection Process: An investment opportunity is typically discussed at multiple investment meetings of the investment committee over several weeks or months, and all investment team members are encouraged to participate in such meetings. This forum provides for significant feedback and ongoing diligence requests that we believe ultimately lead to better decision making.
Neuberger Global Resources
Access to Neuberger’s global resources provides a significant and compelling advantage to the Fund’s investment sourcing, evaluation, execution and management abilities. Neuberger Private Markets expects to work closely with the following key groups:
Research and Portfolio Analysts: Neuberger maintains a research-driven and performance-focused investment approach. The Firm’s public market and private equity investment teams have access to a dedicated team of over 380 research and portfolio analysts. In addition, as one of the world’s leading independent asset management companies, Neuberger has access to over 250 third-party sell-side research firms. The Firm’s extensive research capabilities provide proprietary, industry specific valuation metrics and market insights to supplement Neuberger Private Markets’ analysis and evaluation of investment opportunities.
Portfolio Managers: Neuberger has over 780 investment professionals worldwide across public and private markets, equity, fixed income, alternatives and real estate. These teams invest across a wide variety of investment strategies and provide investment management and financial advisory services to clients worldwide. In addition to leveraging the Firm’s research and portfolio analysts, the investment teams perform their own independent research, company visits and management interviews. In 2025, there were over 4,200 engagement meetings with corporate management teams across equities and credit. When evaluating investment opportunities, in accordance firm policies, Neuberger Private Markets may leverage the industry and company knowledge and investment expertise of Neuberger’s portfolio managers and research analysts.
Global Sales Organization: Neuberger serves a diverse group of global clients through its offices in 26 countries worldwide. The Firm has over 810 client service professionals worldwide. In addition, the Firm’s wealth managers cover high net worth individuals, families and their charitable organizations. Neuberger Private Markets leverages the Neuberger sales organization and wealth managers to help drive significant proprietary deal flow and proactively target specific sellers worldwide.
Investment Strategy and Risk: Neuberger’s Investment Strategy and Risk Group provides institutional clients of the Firm with key insights and research on tactical allocations within alternative investments.
RISKS
AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK AND THEREFORE SHOULD ONLY BE UNDERTAKEN BY QUALIFIED INVESTORS WHOSE FINANCIAL RESOURCES ARE SUFFICIENT TO ENABLE THEM TO ASSUME THESE RISKS AND TO BEAR THE LOSS OF ALL OR PART OF THEIR INVESTMENT. THE FOLLOWING RISK FACTORS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED CAREFULLY BUT ARE NOT MEANT TO BE AN EXHAUSTIVE LISTING OF ALL OF THE POTENTIAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT WITH THEIR OWN FINANCIAL, LEGAL, INVESTMENT AND TAX ADVISORS PRIOR TO INVESTING IN THE FUND.
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The Fund’s investment program is speculative and entails substantial risks. In considering participation in the Fund, prospective investors should be aware of certain risk factors, which include the following:
General Investment Risks
There is no assurance that the investments held by the Fund will be profitable, that there will be proceeds from such investments available for distribution to Shareholders, or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investment in the Fund is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. Fund performance may be volatile and a Shareholder could incur a total or substantial loss of its investment. There can be no assurance that projected or targeted returns for the Fund will be achieved.
Illiquidity of Shares; Closed-End Fund Structure
The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors. An investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed-end fund, should be considered illiquid. The Shares are appropriate only for investors who are comfortable with investment in less liquid or illiquid portfolio investments within an illiquid fund. An investment in the Shares is not suitable for investors who need access to the money they invest. Unlike open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds), which generally permit redemptions on a daily basis, the Shares are not redeemable at a Shareholder’s option. Unlike stocks of listed closed-end funds, the Shares are not listed, and are not expected to be listed, for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. The Fund’s private equity investments are illiquid and typically cannot be transferred or redeemed for a substantial period of time. The Shares are designed for long-term investors, and the Fund should not be treated as a trading vehicle.
Repurchase of Shares Risk
Although the Board may, in its sole discretion, cause the Fund to offer to repurchase outstanding Shares at their net asset value and the Adviser expects to recommend that, in normal market circumstances, the Board conduct quarterly repurchase offers of no more than 5% of the Fund’s net assets, Shares are considerably less liquid than shares of funds that trade on a stock exchange, or shares of open-end registered investment companies. It is possible that the Fund may be unable to repurchase all of the Shares that a Shareholder tenders due to the illiquidity of the Fund investments or if the Shareholders request the Fund to repurchase more Shares than the Fund is then offering to repurchase. There can be no assurance that the Fund will conduct repurchase offers in any particular period and Shareholders may be unable to tender Shares for repurchase for an indefinite period of time. The Adviser anticipates recommending to the Board that, under normal market circumstances, the Fund conduct repurchase offers of no more than 5% of the Fund’s net assets on a quarterly basis commencing on or about February 28, May 31, August 31 and November 30 of each year.
There will be a substantial period of time between the date as of which Shareholders must submit a request to have their Shares repurchased and the date they can expect to receive payment for their Shares from the Fund.
Shareholders whose Shares are accepted for repurchase bear the risk that the Fund’s net asset value may fluctuate significantly between the time that they submit their repurchase requests and the date as of which such Shares are valued for purposes of such repurchase. Shareholders will have to decide whether to request that the Fund repurchase their Shares without the benefit of having current information regarding the value of Shares on a date proximate to the date on which Shares are valued by the Fund for purposes of effecting such repurchases. See “Repurchase of Shares.”
Offers for repurchases of Shares, if any, may be suspended, postponed or terminated by the Board under certain circumstances. An investment in the Fund is suitable only for investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of Shares and the underlying investments of the Fund. Additionally, because Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, the Fund is not required, and does not intend, to hold annual meetings of its Shareholders unless called for under the provisions of the Investment Company Act.
In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund may be a taxable event to Shareholders, potentially including even Shareholders who do not tender any Shares in such repurchase. Furthermore, the Fund’s use of cash to repurchase Shares could adversely affect its ability to satisfy the distribution requirements for treatment as a RIC.
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The Fund could also recognize income or gain in connection with its sale or other disposal of portfolio securities to fund Share repurchases. Any such income would be taken into account in determining whether such distribution requirements are satisfied and would need to be distributed to Shareholders (in taxable distributions) in order to eliminate a Fund-level tax.
Substantial Repurchase Requests
Substantial requests for the Fund to repurchase Shares could require the Fund to liquidate certain of its investments more rapidly than otherwise desirable in order to raise cash to fund the repurchases and achieve a market position appropriately reflecting a smaller asset base. This could have a material adverse effect on the value of the Shares.
Restrictions on Transfers
Transfers of Shares may be made only with the prior written consent of the Board, which may be withheld in the Board’s sole discretion. Notice to the Fund of any proposed transfer must include evidence satisfactory to the Board that the proposed transferee, at the time of transfer, meets any requirements imposed by the Fund with respect to investor eligibility and suitability.
Suitability
Investment in the Fund is suitable only for those persons who, either alone or together with their duly designated representative, have such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that they are capable of evaluating the merits and risks of their proposed investment, who can afford to bear the economic risk of their investment, who are able to withstand a total loss of their investment and who have no need for liquidity in their investment and no need to dispose of their Shares to satisfy current financial needs and contingencies or existing or contemplated undertakings or indebtedness. Potential investors with questions as to the suitability of an investment in the Fund should consult their professional advisors to assist them in making their own legal, tax, accounting and financial evaluation of the merits and risks of investment in the Fund in light of their own circumstances and financial condition.
Effect of Additional Subscriptions
The Fund intends to accept additional subscriptions for Shares, and such subscriptions will dilute the voting interest of existing Shareholders in the Fund. Additional subscriptions will also dilute the indirect interests of existing Shareholders in the Fund investments prior to such purchases, which could have an adverse impact on the existing Shareholders’ interests in the Fund if subsequent Fund investments underperform the prior investments.
Valuation Risk
The Fund is subject to valuation risk, which is the risk that one or more of the securities in which the Fund invests are valued at prices that the Fund is unable to obtain upon sale due to factors such as incomplete data, market instability, human error or, with respect to securities for which there are no readily available market quotations, the inherent difficulty in determining the fair value of certain types of investments. The Adviser may, but is not required to, use an independent pricing service or prices provided by dealers to value securities at their market value. Because the secondary markets for certain investments may be limited, such instruments may be difficult to value.
A substantial portion of the Fund’s assets are expected to consist of securities of private companies and Portfolio Funds for which there are no readily available market quotations. The information available in the marketplace for such companies, their securities and the status of their businesses and financial conditions is often extremely limited, outdated and difficult to confirm. Such securities are valued by the Fund at fair value as determined pursuant to policies and procedures approved by the Board. In determining fair value, the Adviser is required to consider all appropriate factors relevant to value and all indicators of value available to the Fund. The determination of fair value necessarily involves judgment in evaluating this information in order to determine the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive for the security upon its current sale. The most relevant information may often be provided by the issuer of the securities. Given the nature, timeliness, amount and reliability of information provided by the issuer, fair valuations may become more difficult and uncertain as such information is unavailable or becomes outdated.
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The value at which the Fund’s investments can be liquidated may differ, sometimes significantly, from the valuations assigned by the Fund. In addition, the timing of liquidations may also affect the values obtained on liquidation. Securities held by the Fund may trade with bid-offer spreads that may be significant. In addition, the Fund holds privately placed securities for which no public market exists. There can be no guarantee that the Fund’s investments could ultimately be realized at the Fund’s valuation of such investments. In addition, the Fund’s compliance with the asset diversification tests under the Code depends on the fair market values of the Fund’s assets, and, accordingly, a challenge to the valuations ascribed by the Fund could affect its ability to comply with those tests or require it to pay penalty taxes in order to cure a violation thereof.
Unlike publicly-traded common stock, which trades on national exchanges, there is no central exchange for fixed-income securities, including bank loans, to trade. Such fixed-income securities generally trade on an “over-the-counter” market, where the buyer and seller can settle on a price. Due to the lack of centralized information and trading, the valuation of fixed-income securities, particularly in the lower tier of the high yield market where there are fewer market makers, may carry more risk than that of publicly-traded common stock. Uncertainties in the conditions of the financial market, unreliable reference data, lack of transparency and inconsistency of valuation models and processes may lead to inaccurate asset pricing by third party pricing vendors. Moreover, to the extent that prices or quotations are not available from such third party pricing vendors, or when the Adviser believes that they are unreliable, securities may be priced by the Fund using fair value procedures approved by the Board. In addition, other market participants may value securities differently than the Fund. As a result, the Fund may be subject to the risk that when a fixed-income security is sold in the market, the amount received by the Fund is less than the value of such fixed-income security carried on the Fund’s books.
The Fund’s net asset value is a critical component in several operational matters including computation of the Advisory Fee, the Incentive Fee and the Distribution and Servicing Fee and determination of the price at which the Shares will be offered and at which a repurchase offer will be made. Consequently, variance in the valuation of the Fund’s investments will impact, positively or negatively, the fees and expenses Shareholders will pay, the price a Shareholder will receive in connection with a repurchase offer and the number of Shares an investor will receive upon investing in the Fund. The Fund accepts purchases of Shares as of the first business day of each month. The number of Shares a Shareholder will receive will be based on the Fund’s most recent net asset value, which will be calculated for the last business day of the preceding month (i.e., one business day prior to date on which the Fund will accept purchases). For more information regarding the Fund’s subscription process, see “Purchasing Shares.” The Fund may need to liquidate certain investments, including illiquid investments, in order to repurchase Shares in connection with a repurchase offer. A subsequent decrease in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a repurchase offer could potentially disadvantage remaining Shareholders to the benefit of Shareholders whose Shares were accepted for repurchase. Alternatively, a subsequent increase in the valuation of the Fund’s investments could potentially disadvantage Shareholders whose Shares were accepted for repurchase to the benefit of remaining Shareholders. Similarly, a subsequent decrease in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a subscription could potentially disadvantage subscribing investors to the benefit of pre-existing Shareholders, and a subsequent increase in the valuation of the Fund’s investments after a subscription could potentially disadvantage pre-existing Shareholders to the benefit of subscribing investors. For more information regarding the Fund’s calculation of its net asset value, see “Net Asset Valuation.” Investors should be aware that situations involving uncertainties as to the value of portfolio positions could have an adverse effect on the Fund’s net asset value if the judgments of the Adviser should prove incorrect.
Amount or Frequency of Distribution
The amount of distributions that the Fund may pay is uncertain. The Fund expects to pay distributions out of assets legally available for distribution from time to time, at the sole discretion of the Board. Nevertheless, the Fund cannot assure Shareholders that the Fund will achieve investment results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. The Fund’s ability to pay distributions may be adversely affected by the impact of the risks described in this Prospectus. All distributions will depend on the Fund’s earnings, its net investment income, its financial condition, and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time.
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Business and Market Risks of Private Equity Strategies
The Fund’s investment portfolio includes Direct Investments in private companies and investments in Portfolio Funds, which hold securities issued primarily by private companies. Operating results for private companies in a specified period will be difficult to predict. Such investments involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses.
Buyout Investment Risks. Buyout transactions may result in new enterprises that are subject to extreme volatility, require time for maturity and may require additional capital. In addition, they frequently rely on borrowing significant amounts of capital, which can increase profit potential but at the same time increase the risk of loss. Leveraged companies may be subject to restrictive financial and operating covenants. The leverage may impair the ability of these companies to finance their future operations and capital needs. Also, their flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions and to business opportunities may be limited. A leveraged company’s income and net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed money was not used. Although these investments may offer the opportunity for significant gains, such buyout investments involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses, which risks generally are greater than the risks of investing in public companies that may not be as leveraged.
Growth and Venture Capital Risks. Growth and venture capital investments are in private companies that have limited operating history, are attempting to develop or commercialize unproven technologies or to implement novel business plans or are not otherwise developed sufficiently to be self-sustaining financially or to become public. Although these investments may offer the opportunity for significant gains, such investments involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses, which risks generally are greater than the risks of investing in public or private companies that may be at a later stage of development. Because growth investments are based on future expectations, these investments may be more sensitive to bad economic news and negative surprises and bad economic news or changing investor perceptions may adversely affect growth companies across several sectors and industries simultaneously.
Special Situations Risks. The special situations strategies invest in companies that may be in transition, out of favor, financially leveraged, stressed or distressed, or potentially troubled and may be or have recently been involved in major strategic actions, restructurings, bankruptcy, reorganization, or liquidation. These companies may be experiencing, or are expected to experience, financial difficulties that may never be overcome. The securities of such companies are likely to be particularly risky investments although they also may offer the potential for correspondingly high returns. Such companies’ securities may be considered speculative, and the ability of such companies to pay their debts on schedule could be affected by adverse interest rate movements, changes in the general economic climate, economic factors affecting a particular industry or specific developments within such companies. Such investments could, in certain circumstances, subject a Portfolio Fund or the Fund to certain additional potential liabilities. For example, under certain circumstances, a lender who has inappropriately exercised control of the management and policies of a debtor may have its claims subordinated, or disallowed, or may be found liable for damages suffered by parties as a result of such actions. In addition, under certain circumstances, payments by such companies to us could be required to be returned if any such payment is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance or a preferential payment. Numerous other risks also arise in the workout and bankruptcy contexts. In addition, there is no minimum credit standard that is a prerequisite to an investment in any instrument and a significant portion of the obligations and preferred stock acquired in special situations investments may be rated below investment grade or unrated.
Direct Investments Risks
The Fund’s investment portfolio includes direct investments in the equity and/or debt securities of private companies, including alongside private equity funds and other private equity firms. The Fund’s ability to realize a profit on such Direct Investments will be particularly reliant on the expertise of the lead investor in the transaction. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be given Direct Investment opportunities, or that any specific Direct
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Investment offered to the Fund would be appropriate or attractive to the Fund in the Adviser’s judgment. The market for Direct Investment opportunities is competitive and may be limited, and the Direct Investment opportunities to which the Fund wishes to allocate assets may not be available at any given time. Due diligence is conducted on Direct Investment opportunities; however, the Adviser may not have the ability to conduct the same level of due diligence applied to other investments. In addition, the Adviser may have little to no opportunities to negotiate the terms of such Direct Investments. The Fund generally relies on the Portfolio Fund Manager or sponsor offering such Direct Investment opportunity to perform most of the due diligence on the relevant portfolio company and to negotiate terms of the Direct Investment.
The Fund’s ability to dispose of Direct Investments may be severely limited, both by the fact that the securities are expected to be unregistered and illiquid and by contractual restrictions that may limit, preclude or require certain approvals for the Fund to sell such investment. Direct Investments may be heavily negotiated and, therefore, the Fund may incur additional legal and transaction costs in connection therewith.
Risks Associated with Private Company Investments
Private companies are generally not subject to SEC reporting requirements, are not required to maintain their accounting records in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and are not required to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting. As a result, the Adviser may not have timely or accurate information about the business, financial condition and results of operations of the private companies in which the Fund invests. There is risk that the Fund may invest on the basis of incomplete or inaccurate information, which may adversely affect the Fund’s investment performance. Private companies in which the Fund may invest may have limited financial resources, shorter operating histories, more asset concentration risk, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render such private companies more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. These companies generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position. These companies may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness upon maturity.
Typically, investments in private companies are in restricted securities that are not traded in public markets and subject to substantial holding periods, so that the Fund may not be able to resell some of its holdings for extended periods, which may be several years. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to realize the value of private company investments in a timely manner.
Direct Investing Alongside Other Parties Risks
Direct investing alongside one or more other parties in an investment (i.e, as a co-investor) involves risks that may not be present in investments made by lead or sponsoring private equity investors. As a co-investor, the Fund may have interests or objectives that are inconsistent with those of the lead private equity investors that generally have a greater degree of control over such investments.
In addition, in order to take advantage of Direct Investment opportunities as a co-investor, the Fund generally will be required to hold a non-controlling interest, for example, by becoming a limited partner in a partnership that is controlled by the general partner or manager of the private equity fund offering the Direct Investment, on a co-investor basis, to the Fund. In this event, the Fund would have less control over the investment and may be adversely affected by actions taken by such general partner or manager with respect to the portfolio company and the Fund’s investment in it. The Fund may not have the opportunity to participate in structuring investments or to determine the terms under which such investments will be made.
In addition, the Fund may in certain circumstances be liable for the actions of its third-party co-venturers. Direct Investments made with third parties in joint ventures or other entities also may involve carried interests and/or other fees payable to such third party partners or co-venturers. There can be no assurance that appropriate minority shareholder rights will be available to the Fund or that such rights will provide sufficient protection to the Fund’s interests.
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Direct Investments Competition Risk
Many entities compete with the Fund in pursuing Direct Investments. These competitors may have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund. Some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of, or different structures for, private investments than the Fund. Furthermore, many competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on the Fund. As a result of this competition, the Fund may not be able to pursue attractive Direct Investment opportunities from time to time.
Competition for Access to Private Equity Investment Opportunities
The Adviser and its affiliates seek to maintain excellent relationships with Portfolio Fund Managers with which they have previously invested. However, because of the number of investors seeking to gain access to the top performing investment funds, direct investments, secondary investments and other vehicles, there can be no assurance that the Adviser will be able to secure interests on behalf of the Fund in all of the investment opportunities that it identifies for the Fund, or that the size of the interests available to the Fund will be as large as the Adviser would desire. Moreover, as a registered investment company, the Fund will be required to make certain public disclosures and regulatory filings regarding its operations, financial status, portfolio holdings, etc. While these filings are designed to enhance investor protections, Portfolio Fund Managers and certain private companies may view such filings as contrary to their business interests and deny access to the Fund; but may permit other, non-registered funds or accounts, managed by the Adviser or its affiliates, to invest. As a result, the Fund may not be invested in certain Direct Investments or Portfolio Funds that are held by other unregistered funds or accounts managed by the Adviser or its affiliates, even though those private equity funds are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective.
In addition, certain provisions of the Investment Company Act prohibit the Fund from engaging in transactions with the Adviser and its affiliates; however; unregistered funds also managed by the Adviser are not prohibited from the same transactions. The Investment Company Act also imposes significant limits on co-investments with affiliates of the Fund. The Adviser has received an exemptive order from the SEC, which the Fund may also rely on, that expands the Fund’s ability to co-invest alongside its affiliates in privately negotiated investments. However, the exemptive order contains certain conditions that may limit or restrict the Fund’s ability to participate in an investment or participate in an investment to a lesser extent. An inability to receive the desired allocation to potential investments may affect Fund’s ability to achieve the desired investment returns.
Portfolio Fund Risks
The Fund’s investments in Portfolio Funds are subject to a number of risks, including:
Portfolio Fund interests are expected to be illiquid, their marketability may be restricted and the realization of investments from them may take considerable time and/or be costly.
Portfolio Fund interests are ordinarily valued based upon valuations provided by the Portfolio Fund Managers, which may be received on a delayed basis. Certain securities in which the Portfolio Funds invest may not have a readily ascertainable market price and are fair valued by the Portfolio Fund Managers. A Portfolio Fund Manager may face a conflict of interest in valuing such securities since their values may have an impact on the Portfolio Fund Manager’s compensation. The Fund intends to invest in Portfolio Funds that require an annual independent audit of their financial statements, which includes testing of portfolio valuations made by the Portfolio Fund Manager. The Adviser reviews and performs due diligence on the valuation procedures used by each Portfolio Fund Manager and monitors the returns provided by the Portfolio Funds. However, neither the Adviser nor the Board is able to confirm the accuracy of valuations provided by Portfolio Fund Managers. Inaccurate valuations provided by Portfolio Funds could materially adversely affect the value of Shares.
The Fund may pay asset-based fees and performance-based fees in respect of its interests in Portfolio Funds. Such fees and performance-based compensation are in addition to the Advisory Fee. Moreover, a Shareholder in the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of the expenses of the Portfolio Funds, in addition to its proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund. Thus, a Shareholder in the Fund
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may be subject to higher operating expenses than if the Shareholder invested in the Portfolio Funds directly. Shareholders could avoid the additional level of fees and expenses of the Fund by investing directly with the Portfolio Funds, although access to many Portfolio Funds may be limited or unavailable, and may not be permitted for investors who do not meet the substantial minimum net worth and other criteria for investment in Portfolio Funds.
Performance-based fees charged by Portfolio Fund Managers may create incentives for the Portfolio Fund Managers to make risky investments, and may be payable by the Fund to a Portfolio Fund Manager based on a Portfolio Fund’s positive returns even if the Fund’s overall returns are negative.
Portfolio Funds generally are not registered as investment companies under the Investment Company Act; therefore, the Fund, as an investor in Portfolio Funds, do not have the benefit of the protections afforded by the Investment Company Act. Portfolio Fund Managers may not be registered as investment advisers under the Advisers Act, in which case the Fund, as an investor in Portfolio Funds managed by such Portfolio Fund Managers, do not have the benefit of certain of the protections afforded by the Advisers Act.
Some of the Portfolio Funds in which the Fund invests may have only limited operating histories.
There is a risk that the Fund may be precluded from acquiring an interest in certain Portfolio Funds due to regulatory implications under the Investment Company Act or other laws, rules and regulations or may be limited in the amount it can invest in voting securities of Portfolio Funds. For example, the Fund is required to disclose the names and current fair market value of its investments in Portfolio Funds on a periodic basis, and a Portfolio Fund may object to public disclosure concerning the Fund’s investment and the valuation of such investment. The Adviser may also refrain from including a Portfolio Fund in the Fund’s portfolio in order to address adverse regulatory implications that would arise under the Investment Company Act for the Fund if such an investment was made. Rule 18f-4 under the Investment Company Act (“Rule 18f-4”), among other things, may impact the ability of the Fund to enter into unfunded commitment agreements, such as a capital commitment to Portfolio Funds or as part of a Co-Investment. Under Rule 18f-4, the Fund may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement, notwithstanding the asset coverage requirements of Section 18 of the Investment Company Act, if the Fund reasonably believes, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as they come due. In addition, the Fund’s ability to invest may be affected by considerations under other laws, rules or regulations. Such regulatory restrictions, including those arising under the Investment Company Act, may cause the Fund to invest in different Portfolio Funds than other clients of the Adviser.
Although the Adviser will seek to receive detailed information from each Portfolio Fund regarding its historical performance and business strategy, in most cases the Adviser will have little or no means of independently verifying this information. A Portfolio Fund may use proprietary investment strategies that are not fully disclosed to the Adviser, which may involve risks under some market conditions that are not anticipated by the Adviser.
The Fund may receive from a Portfolio Fund an in-kind distribution of securities that may be illiquid or difficult to value and difficult to dispose of.
The Fund may be required to make incremental contributions pursuant to capital calls issued from time to time by a Portfolio Fund.
If the Fund fails to satisfy capital calls to a Portfolio Fund in a timely manner then, generally, it will be subject to significant penalties, including the complete forfeiture of the Fund’s investment in the Portfolio Fund. Any failure by the Fund to make timely capital contributions may (i) impair the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment program, (ii) force the Fund to borrow, (iii) cause the Fund to be subject to certain penalties from the Portfolio Funds, or (iv) otherwise impair the value of the Fund’s investments (including the devaluation of the Fund).
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A Portfolio Fund Manager may focus on a particular industry or sector, which may subject the Portfolio Fund, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of industries. Likewise, a Portfolio Fund Manager may focus on a particular country or geographic region, which may subject the Portfolio Fund, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of geographic regions.
Portfolio Funds in which the Fund acquires an interest may pursue different strategies or establish positions in different geographic regions or industries that, depending on market conditions, could experience offsetting returns.
Portfolio Funds may have little or no near-term cash flow available to distribute to its investors, including the Fund. Due to the pattern of cash flows in Portfolio Funds and the illiquid nature of their investments, Investors typically will see negative returns in the early stages of Portfolio Funds. Then as investments are able to realize liquidity events, such as a sale or initial public offering, positive returns will be realized if the Portfolio Fund’s investments are successful.
Although the Fund will be an investor in the Portfolio Funds, Shareholders will not themselves be equity holders of the Portfolio Funds and will not be entitled to enforce any rights directly against the Portfolio Funds or the Portfolio Fund Managers or assert claims directly against the Portfolio Funds, the Portfolio Fund Managers or their respective affiliates. Shareholders will have no right to receive the information issued by the Portfolio Funds that may be available to the Fund as an investor in the Portfolio Funds.
Portfolio Funds’ Underlying Investments
The investments made by the Portfolio Funds entails a high degree of risk and in most cases be highly illiquid and difficult to value. Unless and until those investments are sold or mature into marketable securities they will remain illiquid. As a general matter, companies in which the Portfolio Fund invests may face intense competition, including competition from companies with far greater financial resources; more extensive research, development, technological, marketing and other capabilities; and a larger number of qualified managerial and technical personnel.
The Fund will not obtain or seek to obtain any control over the management of any portfolio company in which any Portfolio Fund may invest. The success of each investment made by a Portfolio Fund will largely depend on the ability and success of the management of the portfolio companies in addition to economic and market factors.
Risks Associated with Secondary Investments
The Fund makes secondary investments in Portfolio Funds by acquiring the interests in the Portfolio Funds from existing investors in such funds (and not from the issuers of such investments). Because the Fund does not acquire such interests directly from the issuers, it is generally not expected that the Fund will have the opportunity to negotiate the terms of the interests being acquired or other special rights or privileges. There can be no assurance as to the number of investment opportunities that will be presented to the Fund. In addition, valuation of such private equity funds interests may be difficult, as there generally will be no established market for such investments or for the privately-held portfolio companies in which such funds may own securities. Moreover, the purchase price of interests in such funds will be subject to negotiation with the sellers of the interests and there is no assurance that the Fund will be able to purchase interests at attractive discounts to net asset value, or at all. The overall performance of the Fund will depend in large part on the acquisition price paid by the Fund for its secondary interests, the structure of such acquisitions and the overall success of the underlying private equity fund. Other risks for Secondary Investments include:
Competition for Secondary Investment Opportunities. Many institutional investors, including other fund-of-funds entities, as well as existing investors of private equity funds may seek to purchase secondary interests of the same private equity fund which the Fund may also seek to purchase. In addition, many top-tier private equity managers have become more selective by adopting policies or practices that exclude certain types of investors, such as fund-of-funds. These managers may also be partial to secondary interests being purchased by existing investors of their funds with whom they have existing relationships. In addition, some secondary opportunities may be conducted pursuant to a specified methodology (such as a right of first refusal granted to existing investors or a so-called “Dutch
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auction,” where the price of the investment is lowered until a bidder bids and that first bidder purchases the investment, thereby limiting a bidder’s ability to compete for price) which can restrict the availability of such opportunity for the Fund. No assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to identify investment opportunities that satisfy the Fund’s investment objective and desired diversification goals or, if the Fund is successful in identifying such investment opportunities, that the Fund will be permitted to invest, or invest in the amounts desired, in such opportunities.
Pooled Secondary Investments. The Fund may have the opportunity to acquire a portfolio of private equity fund interests from a seller, on an “all or nothing” basis. In some such cases, certain of the private equity fund interests may be less attractive than others, and certain of the investment managers managing such funds may be more familiar to the Adviser than others or may be more experienced or highly regarded than others. In such cases, it may not be possible for the Fund to carve out from such purchases those investments which the Adviser considers (for commercial, tax legal or other reasons) less attractive.
Contingent Liabilities Associated With Secondary Investments. In the cases where the Fund acquires an interest in a private equity fund through a secondary transaction, the Fund may acquire contingent liabilities of the seller of the interest. More specifically, where the seller has received distributions from the relevant private equity fund and, subsequently, that private equity fund recalls one or more of these distributions, the Fund (as the purchaser of the interest to which such distributions are attributable and not the seller) may be obligated to return the monies equivalent to such distribution to the private equity fund. While the Fund may, in turn, make a claim against the seller for any such monies so paid to the private equity fund, there can be no assurances that the Fund would prevail on such claim.
Risk of Early Termination. The governing documents of the underlying private equity funds are expected to include provisions that would enable the general partner, the manager, or a majority in interest (or higher percentage) of their limited partners or members, under certain circumstances, to terminate such funds prior to the end of their respective stated terms. Early termination of a private equity fund in which the Fund is invested may result in (i) the Fund having distributed to it a portfolio of immature and illiquid securities, or (ii) the Fund’s inability to invest all of its capital as anticipated, either of which could have a material adverse effect on the performance of the Fund.
Regulatory Risks of Private Equity Funds
Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may adversely affect or impact the Fund at any time during the term of the Fund. The legal, tax and regulatory environment for private equity funds is evolving, and changes in the regulation and market perception of such funds, including changes to existing laws and regulations and increased criticism of the private equity and alternative asset industry by regulators and politicians and market commentators, may materially adversely affect the ability of the Fund or private equity funds to pursue investment strategies and the value of the Fund’s investments. In recent years, market disruptions and the dramatic increase in the capital allocated to alternative investment strategies have led to increased governmental and regulatory (as well as self-regulatory) scrutiny of the private equity and alternative investment fund industry in general, and certain legislation proposing greater regulation of the private equity and alternative investment fund management industry periodically is being and may in the future be considered or acted upon by governmental or self-regulatory bodies of both U.S. and non-U.S. jurisdictions. It is impossible to predict what, if any, changes may be instituted with respect to the regulations applicable to private equity funds, the Portfolio Fund Managers, the markets in which they operate and invest or the counterparties with which they do business, or what effect such legislation or regulations may have. Any regulations that restrict the ability of private equity funds to implement investment strategies could have a material adverse impact on their portfolio. To the extent that private equity funds become subject to such regulation and impact, the Fund’s performance will be adversely affected.
In-Kind Distributions
The Adviser expects in most instances to cause the Fund to make distributions in cash, but retains the discretion to cause the Fund to make distributions of securities in kind to the extent permitted under applicable law. There can be no assurance that securities distributed in kind will be readily marketable or salable, and Shareholders may be
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required to hold such securities for an indefinite period and/or may incur additional expense in connection with any disposition of such securities. If the Fund ultimately receives distributions in kind indirectly from any of its investments, it may incur additional costs and risks in connection with the disposition of such assets or may distribute such assets in kind to Shareholders who may incur such costs and risks. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the possibility of the Fund distributing securities in-kind, as well as the specific tax consequences of owning and disposing any securities actually distributed in-kind by the Fund.
Incentive Fee
Any Incentive Fee payable by the Fund that relates to an increase in value of the Fund’s investments may be computed and paid on gain or income that is unrealized. If a Fund investment decreases in value, it is possible that the unrealized gain previously included in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will never become realized. The Adviser is not obligated to reimburse the Fund for any part of the Incentive Fee it received that was based on unrealized gain never realized as a result of a sale or other disposition of a Fund investment at a lower valuation in the future, and such circumstances would result in the Fund paying an Incentive Fee on income or gain the Fund never received.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund is required to recognize taxable income (such as deferred interest that is accrued as original issue discount) in some circumstances in which the Fund does not receive a corresponding payment in cash and to make distributions with respect to such income to maintain its qualification as a RIC. Under such circumstances, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the annual distribution requirement necessary to maintain its qualification as a RIC. As a result, the Fund may have to sell some of its investments at times and/or at prices that the Adviser would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital, or forgo new investment opportunities. If the Fund is not able to obtain cash from other sources, the Fund may fail to qualify as a RIC and thus become subject to corporate-level income tax.
The Incentive Fee is computed and paid on net profits that may include interest that has been accrued but not yet received in cash, such as market discount, debt instruments with payment in kind (“PIK”) interest, preferred stock with PIK dividends and zero coupon securities, as well as amounts related to unrealized capital appreciation. If there is a default on an investment by the obligor or such capital appreciation is not ultimately realized, it is possible that amounts previously used in the calculation of the Incentive Fee will become uncollectible, and the Investment Adviser will have no obligation to refund any fees it received in respect of such accrued income. In addition, since in certain cases the Fund may recognize net profits before or without receiving cash representing such net profits and have a corresponding obligation to make an incentive fee payment, the Fund may have to sell some of its investments at times it would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or reduce new investments to meet its payment obligations.
In addition, the Incentive Fee payable by the Fund to the Adviser may create an incentive for the Adviser to make investments on the Fund’s behalf that are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement.
Multiple Tiers of Expenses
Each of the Portfolio Funds (i) pays (or requires its limited partners to pay) its respective general partners and investment advisers or managers certain fees and (ii) bears certain costs and expenses. Such fees and expenses are expected to reduce materially the actual returns to investors in the Portfolio Funds, including the Fund. In addition, because of the deduction of the fees payable by the Fund to the Investment Adviser and other expenses payable directly by the Fund from amounts distributed to the Fund by the Portfolio Funds, the returns to a Shareholder in the Fund will be lower than the returns to a direct investor in the Portfolio Funds. With respect to the Fund’s investments in Portfolio Funds, each Shareholder in the Fund will pay, in effect, two sets of fees, one directly at the Fund level, and one at the Portfolio Fund level. Fees and expenses of the Fund and the Portfolio Funds will generally be paid regardless of whether the Fund or Portfolio Funds produce positive investment returns.
Regulatory Scrutiny and Reporting
The Fund and the Adviser may be subject to increased scrutiny by government regulators, investigators, auditors and law enforcement officials regarding the identities and sources of funds of investors. In that connection, in the future the Fund may become subject to additional obligations that may affect its investment program, the manner
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in which it operates and, reporting requirements regarding its investments and investors. Each Shareholder will be required to provide to the Fund such information as may be required to enable the Fund to comply with all applicable legal or regulatory requirements, and each Shareholder will be required to acknowledge and agree that the Fund may disclose such information to governmental and/or regulatory or self-regulatory authorities to the extent required by applicable law or regulation and may file such reports with such authorities as may be required by applicable law or regulation.
Market Fluctuations and Changes
General fluctuations in the market prices of securities may affect the value of the Fund’s investments. Instability in the securities markets also may increase the risks inherent in the Fund’s investments. Both U.S. and international markets have experienced significant volatility in recent months and years. National economies are substantially interconnected, as are global financial markets, which creates the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact issuers in a different country or region. However, the interconnectedness of economies and/or markets may be diminishing, which may impact such economies and markets in ways that cannot be foreseen at this time.
Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had in the past, and may in the future have, negative effects on the economies and financial markets. For example, wages, and prices of inputs increase during periods of inflation, which can negatively impact returns on investments. Certain countries, including the United States, have recently seen increased levels of inflation and there can be no assurance that continued and more widespread inflation will not become a serious problem in the future and have an adverse impact on the Fund’s returns. There can be no assurance that inflation will not become a serious problem in the future and have an adverse impact on the Fund’s returns.
Additionally, various economic and political factors could cause the Federal Reserve or other foreign central banks to change their approach in the future and such actions may result in an economic slowdown both in the U.S. and abroad. Unexpected increases in interest rates could lead to market volatility or reduce liquidity in certain sectors of the market. Deteriorating economic fundamentals may, in turn, increase the risk of default or insolvency of particular issuers, negatively impact market value, cause credit spreads to widen, and reduce bank balance sheets. Any of these could cause an increase in market volatility or reduce liquidity across various markets.
Some countries, including the U.S., have in recent years adopted more protectionist trade policies. Slowing global economic growth, the rise in protectionist trade policies, changes to some major international trade agreements, risks associated with the trade agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union, and the risks associated with ongoing trade negotiations with China, could affect the economies of many nations in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. In addition, the current strength of the U.S. dollar may decrease foreign demand for U.S. assets, which could have a negative impact on certain issuers and/or industries.
Actual events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions, transactional counterparties or other companies in the financial services industry or the financial services industry generally, or concerns or rumors about any events of these kinds or other similar risks amplified by digital communications, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity problems which could adversely affect the Fund and the Fund’s investments. If any parties with which the Fund and the Adviser conduct business were unable to access deposits with another financial institution, or were unable to access funds pursuant to instruments or lending arrangements with such a financial institution, such parties’ credit quality, ability to pay their obligations, or ability to enter into new commercial arrangements requiring additional payments to the Fund or the Adviser could be adversely affected.
Epidemics, Pandemics, Outbreaks of Disease and Public Health Issues
Certain illnesses spread rapidly and have the potential to significantly and adversely affect the global economy. Outbreaks such as COVID-19 or other similarly infectious diseases may have material adverse impacts on the Fund and its investments. Epidemics and/or pandemics, such as the coronavirus, have and may further result in, among other things, closing borders, extended quarantines and stay-at-home orders, order cancellations, disruptions to supply chains and customer activity, widespread business closures and layoffs, as well as general concern and uncertainty. The impact of this virus, and other epidemics and/or pandemics that may arise in the future, has
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negatively affected and may continue to affect the economies of many nations, individual companies and the global securities and commodities markets, including their liquidity, in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. The impact of any outbreak may last for an extended period of time.
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk
The occurrence of events similar to those in recent years, such as localized wars, instability, new and ongoing epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases and other global health events, natural/environmental disasters, terrorist attacks in the U.S. and around the world, social and political discord, debt crises, sovereign debt downgrades, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, new and continued political unrest in various countries and regions, including the Middle East, the exit or potential exit of one or more countries from the European Union, continued changes in the balance of political power among and within the branches of the U.S. government, government shutdowns and other factors, may result in market volatility, may have long term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause further economic uncertainties in the U.S. and worldwide.
China and the United States have each imposed tariffs on the other country’s products. These actions may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. U.S. companies that source material and goods from China and those that make large amounts of sales in China would be particularly vulnerable to an escalation of trade tensions. Uncertainty regarding the outcome of the trade tensions and the potential for a trade war could cause the U.S. dollar to decline against safe haven currencies, such as the Japanese yen and the Euro. Events such as these and their consequences are difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or other escalating actions may be taken in the future.
The occurrence of any of these above events could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund does not know how long the securities markets may be affected by similar events and cannot predict the effects of similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets. There can be no assurances that similar events and other market disruptions will not have other material and adverse implications.
Non-U.S. Investments Risk
Foreign securities involve certain factors not typically associated with investing in U.S. securities, including risks relating to: (i) currency exchange matters, including fluctuations in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the various foreign currencies in which foreign investments are denominated, and costs associated with conversion of investment principal and income from one currency into another; (ii) inflation matters, including rapid fluctuations in inflation rates; (iii) differences between the U.S. and foreign securities markets, including potential price volatility in and relative liquidity of some foreign securities markets, the absence of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and disclosure requirements and the potential of less government supervision and regulation; (iv) economic, social and political risks, including potential exchange control regulations and restrictions on foreign investment and repatriation of capital, the risks of political, economic or social instability and the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation; and (v) the possible imposition of foreign taxes on income and gains recognized with respect to such securities. In addition, laws and regulations of foreign countries may impose restrictions that would not exist in the United States and may require financing and structuring alternatives that differ significantly from those customarily used in the United States. No assurance can be given that a change in political or economic climate, or particular legal or regulatory risks, including changes in regulations regarding foreign ownership of assets or repatriation of funds or changes in taxation might not adversely affect an investment by the Fund.
Investments in Emerging Markets Risk
The Fund may invest in Non-U.S. securities of issuers in so-called “emerging markets” (or lesser developed countries, including countries that may be considered “frontier” markets). Such investments are particularly speculative and entail all of the risks of investing in Non-U.S. Securities but to a heightened degree. “Emerging market” countries generally include every nation in the world except developed countries, that is, the United States,
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Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and most countries located in Western Europe. Investments in the securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. Governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit the Fund’s investment opportunities such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property.
Foreign investment in certain emerging market countries may be restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment in certain emerging market issuers and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund. Certain emerging market countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the investment by foreign persons only to a specific class of securities of an issuer that may have less advantageous rights than the classes available for purchase by domiciliaries of the countries and/or impose additional taxes on foreign investors.
Emerging markets are more likely to experience hyperinflation and currency devaluations, which adversely affect returns to U.S. investors. In addition, many emerging markets have far lower trading volumes and less liquidity than developed markets. Since these markets are often small, they may be more likely to suffer sharp and frequent price changes or long-term price depression because of adverse publicity, investor perceptions or the actions of a few large investors. In addition, traditional measures of investment value used in the United States, such as price to earnings ratios, may not apply to certain small markets. Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely.
Many emerging markets have histories of political instability and abrupt changes in policies and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. As a result, their governments are more likely to take actions that are hostile or detrimental to private enterprise or foreign investment than those of more developed countries, including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the Fund could lose the entire value of its investments in the affected market. Some countries have pervasiveness of corruption and crime that may hinder investments. Certain emerging markets may also face other significant internal or external risks, including the risk of war, and ethnic, religious and racial conflicts. In addition, governments in many emerging market countries participate to a significant degree in their economies and securities markets, which may impair investment and economic growth. National policies that may limit the Fund’s investment opportunities include restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurances that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities for the Fund.
Emerging markets may also have differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. Governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments. Sometimes, they may lack or be in the relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.
Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because the Fund will need to use brokers and counterparties that are less well
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capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets, and, along with other factors, could result in ownership registration being completely lost.
The Fund would absorb any loss resulting from such registration problems and may have no successful claim for compensation. In addition, communications between the United States and emerging market countries may be unreliable, increasing the risk of delayed settlements or losses of security certificates.
Import/Export Regulation Risk
Significant changes to U.S. trade policy, including changes to current legislation and trade agreements and the imposition of tariffs on a range of goods imported into the U.S. has resulted in a few countries retaliating with tariffs against the United States. These retaliatory actions could trigger extended “trade wars” between the U.S. and its trading partners, resulting in additional barriers to the international market, inclusive of customers, vendors, and potential investors. Under these circumstances, the cost of goods for some portfolio companies could increase, resulting in lower consumer demand for their goods and reduced cash flows. While it is unknown whether and to what extent new legislation will be enacted into law, the enactment or amendment of trade legislation and/or renegotiation of trade agreements may impose additional compliance costs on portfolio companies, restrict their ability to participate in international markets and otherwise disrupt their current operations.
Foreign Currency Risk
Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities held by the Fund and the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore may affect the value of securities denominated in such currencies, which means that the Fund’s net asset value could decline as a result of changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. The Adviser may, but is not required to, elect for the Fund to seek to protect itself from changes in currency exchange rates through hedging transactions depending on market conditions. In addition, certain countries, particularly emerging market countries, may impose foreign currency exchange controls or other restrictions on the transferability, repatriation or convertibility of currency.
Publicly Traded Equity Securities Risk
Stock markets are volatile, and the prices of equity securities fluctuate based on changes in a company’s financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. Although common stocks have historically generated higher average total returns than fixed-income securities over the long-term, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in those returns and, in certain periods, have significantly underperformed relative to fixed-income securities. Common stocks of companies that operate in certain sectors or industries tend to experience greater volatility than companies that operate in other sectors or industries or the broader equity markets. For example, publicly traded equity securities of private equity funds and private equity firms tend to experience greater volatility than other companies in the financial services industry and the broader equity markets. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock held by the Fund. A common stock may also decline due to factors which affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. The value of a particular common stock held by the Fund may decline for a number of other reasons which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, the issuer’s historical and prospective earnings, the value of its assets and reduced demand for its goods and services. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which the Fund has exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons, including changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuers occur. In addition, common stock prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates, as the cost of capital rises and borrowing costs increase. Common equity securities in which the Fund may invest are structurally subordinated to preferred stock, bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure in terms of priority to corporate income and are therefore inherently more risky than preferred stock or debt instruments of such issuers.
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ETFs Risk
Subject to the limitations set forth in the Investment Company Act or as otherwise permitted by the SEC, the Fund may acquire shares in ETFs. The market value of the shares of other investment companies may differ from their net asset value. As an investor in ETFs, the Fund would bear its ratable share of that entity’s expenses, including its investment advisory and administration fees, while continuing to pay its own advisory and administration fees and other expenses. As a result, shareholders will be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in ETFs.
Many ETFs are not actively managed and may be affected by a general decline in market segments relating to an index. An index ETF typically invests in securities included in, or representative of, its index regardless of their investment merits and does not attempt to take defensive positions in declining markets.
Fixed-Income Securities Risks
Fixed-income securities in which the Fund may invest are generally subject to the following risks:
Interest Rate Risk. The market value of bonds and other fixed-income securities changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. General interest rate fluctuations may have a substantial negative impact on the Fund’s investments and investment opportunities and accordingly may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s investment objectives and returns. Any declines in interest rates will generally negatively impact yields, and although an increase in interest rates may favorably affect the Fund’s investment activities, such an increase may also adversely affect the ability of the portfolio companies underlying the Fund’s investments to service their debt obligations and cause the value of any investments that are based on fixed rates or which do not adjust to adequately reflect the increase in interest rates generally, to decline in value relative to other debt investments that reflect such interest rate changes. In addition, an increase in interest rates could make it more expensive to utilize leverage in making investments. The Fund may lose money if short-term or long-term interest rates rise sharply in a manner not anticipated by the Adviser.
To the extent the Fund invests in debt securities that may be prepaid at the option of the obligor (such as mortgage-related securities), the sensitivity of such securities to changes in interest rates may increase (to the detriment of the Fund) when interest rates rise. Moreover, because rates on certain floating rate debt securities typically reset only periodically, changes in prevailing interest rates (and particularly sudden and significant changes) can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the NAV of the Fund to the extent that it invests in floating rate debt securities. These basic principles of bond prices also apply to U.S. Government securities. A security backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. Government is guaranteed only as to its stated interest rate and face value at maturity, not its current market price. Just like other fixed-income securities, government-guaranteed securities will fluctuate in value when interest rates change.
The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate debt instruments, which generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes than longer duration fixed rate instruments, but may decline in value in response to rising interest rates if, for example, the rates at which they pay interest do not rise as much, or as quickly, as market interest rates in general. Conversely, variable and floating rate instruments generally will not increase in value if interest rates decline. The Fund also may invest in inverse floating rate debt securities, which may decrease in value if interest rates increase, and which also may exhibit greater price volatility than fixed rate debt obligations with similar credit quality. To the extent the Fund holds variable or floating rate instruments, a decrease (or, in the case of inverse floating rate securities, an increase) in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities, which may adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
Issuer Risk. The value of fixed-income securities may decline for a number of reasons which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, reduced demand for the issuer’s goods and services, historical and prospective earnings of the issuer and the value of the assets of the issuer.
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Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more fixed-income securities in the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or fail to pay interest or principal when due because the issuer of the security experiences a decline in its financial status. Credit risk is increased when a portfolio security is downgraded or the perceived creditworthiness of the issuer deteriorates. To the extent the Fund invests in below investment grade securities, it will be exposed to a greater amount of credit risk than a fund that only invests in investment grade securities. In addition, to the extent the Fund uses credit derivatives, such use will expose it to additional risk in the event that the bonds underlying the derivatives default. The degree of credit risk depends on the issuer’s financial condition and on the terms of the securities.
Prepayment Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, borrowers may exercise their option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For fixed rate securities, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest rates, forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income and distributions to Shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call” risk. Below investment grade securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than par) only if certain prescribed conditions are met (i.e., “call protection”). For premium bonds (bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value) purchased by the Fund, prepayment risk may be increased.
Reinvestment Risk. Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded or called fixed-income securities at market interest rates that are below the Fund portfolio’s current earnings rate.
Duration and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no set policy regarding portfolio maturity or duration of the fixed-income securities it may hold. The Adviser may seek to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity based on its assessment of current and projected market conditions and all other factors that the Adviser deems relevant. Any decisions as to the targeted duration or maturity of any particular category of investments or of the Fund’s portfolio generally will be made based on all pertinent market factors at any given time. The Fund may incur costs in seeking to adjust the portfolio’s average duration or maturity. There can be no assurance that the Adviser’s assessment of current and projected market conditions will be correct or that any strategy to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity will be successful at any given time. In general, the longer the duration of any fixed-income securities in the Fund’s portfolio, the more exposure the Fund will have to the interest rate risks described above.
Spread Risk. Wider credit spreads and decreasing market values typically represent a deterioration of a debt security’s credit soundness and a perceived greater likelihood of risk or default by the issuer.
Yield and Ratings Risk
The yields on debt obligations are dependent on a variety of factors, including general market conditions, conditions in the particular market for the obligation, the financial condition of the issuer, the size of the offering, the maturity of the obligation and the ratings of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch, which are described in Appendix A to the SAI, represent their respective opinions as to the quality of the obligations they undertake to rate. Ratings, however, are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, a rated security may cease to be rated. The Adviser will consider such an event in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold the security.
U.S. Debt Securities Risk
U.S. debt securities generally involve lower levels of credit risk than other types of fixed income securities of similar maturities, although, as a result, the yields available from U.S. debt securities are generally lower than the yields available from such other securities. Like other fixed income securities, the values of U.S. debt securities change as interest rates fluctuate. On August 5, 2011, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on U.S. debt securities to AA+ from AAA. On August 1, 2023, Fitch Ratings downgraded its U.S. long-term credit rating from AAA to AA+. These downgrades and any future downgrades by other rating agencies could increase volatility in both stock and bond markets, result in higher interest rates and higher Treasury yields and increase borrowing
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costs generally. These events could have significant adverse effects on the economy generally and could result in significant adverse impacts on securities issuers and the Fund. The Adviser cannot predict the effects of these or similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets or on the Fund’s portfolio.
U.S. Government Securities Risk
Although the Fund may hold securities that carry U.S. government guarantees, these guarantees do not extend to Shares of the Fund itself and do not guarantee the market prices, including due to changes in interest rates, of the securities. Furthermore, not all securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. Some are backed by the issuer’s right to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, while others are backed only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality. These securities carry at least some risk of nonpayment or default by the issuer. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. There is no assurance that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In recent periods, the values of U.S. government securities have been affected substantially by increased demand for them around the world. Increases or decreases in the demand for U.S. government securities may occur at any time and may result in increased volatility in the values of those securities.
Sovereign Debt and Supranational Debt Risk
Investments in sovereign debt involve special risks. Foreign governmental issuers of debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or pay interest when due. In the event of default, there may be limited or no legal recourse in that, generally, remedies for defaults must be pursued in the courts of the defaulting party. Political conditions, especially a sovereign entity’s willingness to meet the terms of its debt obligations, are of considerable significance. The ability of a foreign sovereign issuer, especially an emerging market country, to make timely payments on its debt obligations will also be strongly influenced by the sovereign issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credit facilities and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. The cost of servicing external debt will also generally be adversely affected by rising international interest rates, as many external debt obligations bear interest at rates which are adjusted based upon international interest rates. Also, there can be no assurances that the holders of commercial bank loans to the same sovereign entity may not contest payments to the holders of sovereign debt in the event of default under commercial bank loan agreements. In addition, there is no bankruptcy proceeding with respect to sovereign debt on which a sovereign has defaulted and the Fund may be unable to collect all or any part of its investment in a particular issue. Foreign investment in certain sovereign debt is restricted or controlled to varying degrees, including requiring governmental approval for the repatriation of income, capital or proceeds of sales by foreign investors. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment in certain sovereign debt and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund.
Corporate Bonds Risk
The market value of a corporate bond generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The market value of intermediate and longer term corporate bonds is generally more sensitive to changes in interest rates than is the market value of shorter term corporate bonds. The market value of a corporate bond also may be affected by factors directly related to the issuer, such as investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s financial performance, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, performance of management of the issuer, the issuer’s capital structure and use of financial leverage and demand for the issuer’s goods and services. Certain risks associated with investments in corporate bonds are described elsewhere in this Prospectus in further detail, including under “—Fixed-Income Securities Risks—Credit Risk,” “—Fixed-Income Securities Risks—Interest Rate Risk,” and “—Fixed-Income Securities Risks—Prepayment Risk.” There is a risk that the issuers of corporate bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. Corporate bonds of below investment grade quality are often high risk and have speculative characteristics and may be particularly susceptible to adverse issuer-specific developments. Corporate bonds of below investment grade quality are subject to the risks described herein under “—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.”
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Below Investment Grade Securities Risk
The Fund may invest in securities that are rated, at the time of investment, below investment grade quality (rated Ba/BB or below, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Adviser), which are commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal when due. The value of high yield, lower quality bonds is affected by the creditworthiness of the issuers of the securities and by general economic and specific industry conditions. Issuers of high yield bonds are not perceived to be as strong financially as those with higher credit ratings. These issuers are more vulnerable to financial setbacks and recession than more creditworthy issuers, which may impair their ability to make interest and principal payments. Lower grade securities may be particularly susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities. In addition, it is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such securities.
Lower grade securities, though often high yielding, are characterized by high risk. They may be subject to certain risks with respect to the issuing entity and to greater market fluctuations than certain lower yielding, higher rated securities. The secondary market for lower grade securities may be less liquid than that for higher rated securities. Adverse conditions could make it difficult at times for the Fund to sell certain securities or could result in lower prices than those used in calculating the Fund’s NAV. Because of the substantial risks associated with investments in lower grade securities, you could lose money on your investment in the Fund, both in the short-term and the long-term.
The prices of fixed-income securities generally are inversely related to interest rate changes; however, below investment grade securities historically have been somewhat less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher quality securities of comparable maturity because credit quality is also a significant factor in the valuation of lower grade securities. On the other hand, an increased rate environment results in increased borrowing costs generally, which may impair the credit quality of low-grade issuers and thus have a more significant effect on the value of some lower grade securities. In addition, the current low rate environment has expanded the historic universe of buyers of lower grade securities as traditional investment grade oriented investors have been forced to accept more risk in order to maintain income. As rates rise, these recent entrants to the low-grade securities market may exit the market and reduce demand for lower grade securities, potentially resulting in greater price volatility.
The ratings of Moody’s, S&P, Fitch and other rating agencies represent their opinions as to the quality of the obligations which they undertake to rate. Ratings are relative and subjective and, although ratings may be useful in evaluating the safety of interest and principal payments, they do not evaluate the market value risk of such obligations. Although these ratings may be an initial criterion for selection of portfolio investments, the Adviser also will independently evaluate these securities and the ability of the issuers of such securities to pay interest and principal. To the extent that the Fund invests in lower grade securities that have not been rated by a rating agency, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Adviser’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities.
The Fund may invest in securities rated in the lower rating categories (rated as low as D, or unrated but judged to be of comparable quality by the Adviser). For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade instruments are more pronounced.
Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risk
The value of mortgage- and asset-backed securities, including collateralized mortgage instruments, will be influenced by the factors affecting the housing market or the assets underlying the securities. These securities differ from more traditional debt securities because the principal is paid back over the life of the security rather than at the security’s maturity; however, principal may be repaid early if a decline in interest rates causes many borrowers to refinance (known as prepayment risk), or repaid more slowly if a rise in rates causes refinancings to slow down (known as extension risk). Thus, they tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates than other types of debt securities and as a result, these securities may exhibit additional volatility during periods of interest rate turmoil. Asset-backed securities also may not have the benefit of any security interest in the related assets. Mortgage- and asset-backed securities may be “subordinated” to other interests in the same pool and a holder of those “subordinated” securities would receive payments only after any obligations to other more “senior” investors have
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been satisfied. In addition, investments in mortgage- and asset-backed securities may be subject to call risk, credit risk, valuation risk and illiquid investment risk, sometimes to a higher degree than various other types of debt securities. These securities are also subject to the risk of default on the underlying mortgages or assets, particularly during periods of market downturn, and an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the underlying assets will adversely affect the security’s value. Further, such securities may have credit support, the utility of which could be negatively affected by such conditions as well.
Senior Loan Risk
The Fund may invest in senior floating rate and fixed rate loans or debt (“Senior Loans”). Senior Loans typically hold the most senior position in the capital structure of the issuing entity, are typically secured with specific collateral and typically have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the Borrower that is senior to that held by subordinated debt holders and stockholders of the Borrower. The Fund’s investments in Senior Loans are typically below investment grade and are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuer. The risks associated with Senior Loans are similar to the risks of below investment grade fixed income securities, although Senior Loans are typically senior and secured in contrast to other below investment grade fixed income securities, which are often subordinated and unsecured. Senior Loans’ higher standing has historically resulted in generally higher recoveries in the event of a corporate reorganization. In addition, because their interest payments are typically adjusted for changes in short-term interest rates, investments in Senior Loans generally have less interest rate risk than other below investment grade fixed income securities, which may have fixed interest rates.
There is less readily available, reliable information about most Senior Loans than is the case for many other types of securities. In addition, there is no minimum rating or other independent evaluation of a Borrower or its securities limiting the Fund’s investments, and the Adviser relies primarily on its own evaluation of a Borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent sources. As a result, the Fund is particularly dependent on the analytical ability of the Adviser.
The Fund may invest in Senior Loans rated below investment grade, which are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuers. Such companies are more likely to default on their payments of interest and principal owed to the Fund, and such defaults could reduce the Fund’s net asset value and income distributions. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate and a Senior Loan may lose significant value before a default occurs. Moreover, any specific collateral used to secure a Senior Loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect the Senior Loan’s value.
No active trading market may exist for certain Senior Loans, which may impair the ability of the Fund to realize full value in the event of the need to sell a Senior Loan and may make it difficult to value Senior Loans. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded Senior Loans, meaning that the Fund may not be able to sell them quickly at a fair price. To the extent that a secondary market does exist for certain Senior Loans, the market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. Illiquid investments are also difficult to value.
Although the Senior Loans in which the Fund may invest generally will be secured by specific collateral, there can be no assurances that liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the Borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. In the event of the bankruptcy of a Borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a Senior Loan. If the terms of a Senior Loan do not require the Borrower to pledge additional collateral in the event of a decline in the value of the already pledged collateral, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the value of the collateral will not at all times equal or exceed the amount of the Borrower’s obligations under the Senior Loans. To the extent that a Senior Loan is collateralized by stock in the Borrower or its subsidiaries, such stock may lose all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy of the Borrower. Uncollateralized Senior Loans involve a greater risk of loss. Some Senior Loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate the Senior Loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to lenders, including the Fund. Such court action could under certain circumstances include invalidation of Senior Loans.
Senior Loans are subject to legislative risk. If legislation or state or federal regulations impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial institutions to make loans, the availability of Senior Loans for investment by the Fund may be adversely affected. In addition, such requirements or restrictions could reduce or
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eliminate sources of financing for certain Borrowers. This would increase the risk of default. If legislation or federal or state regulations require financial institutions to increase their capital requirements this may cause financial institutions to dispose of Senior Loans that are considered highly levered transactions. Such sales could result in prices that, in the opinion of the Adviser, do not represent fair value. If the Fund attempts to sell a Senior Loan at a time when a financial institution is engaging in such a sale, the price the Fund could receive for the Senior Loan may be adversely affected.
The Fund may acquire Senior Loan assignments or participations. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation; however, the purchaser’s rights can be more restricted than those of the assigning institution, and, in any event, the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral. A participation typically results in a contractual relationship only with the institution participating out the interest, not with the Borrower. In purchasing participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the loan agreement against the Borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, the Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the Borrower and the institution selling the participation.
The Fund’s investments in Senior Loans may be subject to lender liability risk. Lender liability refers to a variety of legal theories generally founded on the premise that a lender has violated a duty of good faith, commercial reasonableness and fair dealing or a similar duty owed to the Borrower, or has assumed an excessive degree of control over the Borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the Borrower or its other creditors or shareholders. Because of the nature of its investments, the Fund may be subject to allegations of lender liability. In addition, under common law principles that in some cases form the basis for lender liability claims, a court may elect to subordinate the claim of the offending lender or bondholder to the claims of the disadvantaged creditor or creditors.
Second Lien Loans Risk
The Fund may invest in second lien or other subordinated or unsecured floating rate and fixed rate loans or debt (“Second Lien Loans”). Second Lien Loans generally are subject to similar risks as those associated with investments in Senior Loans. Because Second Lien Loans are subordinated or unsecured and thus lower in priority of payment to Senior Loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the Borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the Borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Second Lien Loans generally have greater price volatility than Senior Loans and may be less liquid. Second Lien Loans share the same risks as other below investment grade securities.
Mezzanine Securities Risk
Mezzanine securities generally are rated below investment grade and frequently are unrated and present many of the same risks as senior loans, second lien loans and non-investment grade bonds. However, unlike senior loans and second lien loans, mezzanine securities are not a senior or secondary secured obligation of the related borrower. They typically are the most subordinated debt obligation in an issuer’s capital structure. Mezzanine securities also may often be unsecured. Mezzanine securities therefore are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the related borrower and the property securing the loan may be insufficient to repay the scheduled after giving effect to any senior obligations of the related borrower. Mezzanine securities may be an illiquid investment. Mezzanine securities will be subject to certain additional risks to the extent that such loans may not be protected by financial covenants or limitations upon additional indebtedness. Investment in mezzanine securities is a highly specialized investment practice that depends more heavily on independent credit analysis than investments in other types of debt obligations.
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Bank Loans Risk
The market for bank loans may not be highly liquid and the Fund may have difficulty selling them. These investments are subject to both interest rate risk and credit risk, and the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. These investments expose the Fund to the credit risk of both the financial institution and the underlying borrower.
Risks of Loan Assignments and Participations
As the purchaser of an assignment, the Fund typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation; however, the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral. Because assignments may be arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender. In addition, if the loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral and could bear the costs and liabilities of owning and disposing of the collateral. The Fund may be required to pass along to a purchaser that buys a loan from the Fund by way of assignment a portion of any fees to which the Fund is entitled under the loan. In connection with purchasing participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, the Fund will be subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Loan Interests Risk
Loan interests generally are subject to restrictions on transfer, and the Fund may be unable to sell its loan interests at a time when it may otherwise be desirable to do so or may be able to sell them promptly only at prices that are less than what the Fund regards as their fair market value. Accordingly, loan interests may at times be illiquid. Loan interests may be difficult to value and may have extended settlement periods (the settlement cycle for many bank loans exceeds 7 days). Extended settlement periods may result in cash not being immediately available to the Fund. As a result, during periods of unusually heavy redemptions, the Fund may have to sell other investments or borrow money to meet its obligations. A significant portion of floating rate loans may be “covenant lite” loans that may contain fewer or less restrictive constraints on the borrower and/or may contain other characteristics that would be favorable to the borrower, limiting the ability of lenders to take legal action to protect their interests in certain situations. Interests in loans made to finance highly leveraged companies or to finance corporate acquisitions or other transactions may be especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Interests in secured loans have the benefit of collateral and, typically, of restrictive covenants limiting the ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets. There is a risk that the value of any collateral securing a loan in which the Fund has an interest may decline and that the collateral may not be sufficient to cover the amount owed on the loan. In the event the borrower defaults, the Fund’s access to the collateral may be limited or delayed by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. Further, in the event of a default, second or lower lien secured loans, and unsecured loans, will generally be paid only if the value of the collateral exceeds the amount of the borrower’s obligations to the senior secured lenders, and the remaining collateral may not be sufficient to cover the full amount owed on the loan in which the Fund has an interest. Further, there is a risk that a court could take action with respect to a loan that is adverse to the holders of the loan and the Fund may need to retain legal counsel to enforce its rights in any resulting event of default, bankruptcy, or similar situation. Interests in loans expose the Fund to the credit risk of the underlying borrower and may expose the Fund to the credit risk of the lender.
The Fund may acquire a loan interest by obtaining an assignment of all or a portion of the interests in a particular loan that are held by an original lender or a prior assignee. As an assignee, the Fund normally will succeed to all rights and obligations of its assignor with respect to the portion of the loan that is being assigned. However, the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of a loan assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the original lenders or the assignor. Alternatively, the Fund may acquire a participation in a loan interest that is held by another party. When the Fund’s loan interest is a participation, the Fund may have less control over the exercise of remedies than the party selling the participation interest, and the Fund normally would not have
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any direct rights against the borrower. It is possible that the Fund could be held liable, or may be called upon to fulfill other obligations, with respect to loans in which it receives an assignment in whole or in part, or in which it owns a participation. The potential for such liability is greater for an assignee than for a participant.
Use of Leverage
The Fund may utilize leverage in connection with its investment activities. Specifically, the Fund may borrow money through its credit facility to provide liquidity for capital calls by Portfolio Funds and to manage timing issues in connection with the acquisition of Fund investments (e.g., to provide the Fund with temporary liquidity to acquire investments in advance of the Fund’s receipt of proceeds from the realization of other assets or additional sales of Shares) up to the limits of the Asset Coverage Requirement. The Fund’s borrowings will at all times be subject to the Asset Coverage Requirement.
The use of leverage is speculative and involves certain risks. Although leverage will increase the Fund’s investment return if the Fund’s interest in an investment purchased with borrowed funds earns a greater return than the interest expense the Fund pays for the use of those funds, the use of leverage will decrease the return on the Fund if the Fund fails to earn as much on its investment purchased with borrowed funds as it pays for the use of those funds. The use of leverage will in this way magnify the volatility of changes in the value of an investment in the Fund, especially in times of a “credit crunch” or during general market turmoil, such as that experienced during late 2008. The Fund may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with its borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. If the Fund is unable to access additional credit, it may be forced to sell its interests in portfolio investments at inopportune times, which may further affect the returns of the Fund.
Portfolio Fund Managers may also employ leverage through borrowings or derivative instruments and are likely to directly or indirectly acquire interests in companies with leveraged capital structures. If income and appreciation on investments made with borrowed funds are less than the cost of the leverage, the value of the relevant portfolio or investment will decrease. Accordingly, any event that adversely affects the value of the Fund’s investment will be magnified to the extent leverage is employed. The cumulative effect of the use of leverage by the Fund or by underlying investments in a market that moves adversely to the relevant investments could result in substantial losses, exceeding those that would have been incurred if leverage had not been employed.
LIBOR Risk
Settings of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) ceased being published on a representative basis on June 30, 2023, and publication of many non-U.S. dollar LIBOR settings has been entirely discontinued. In addition, publication of the one-, three- and six-month tenors of U.S. dollar LIBOR on a non-representative synthetic basis ceased on September 30, 2024. Various alternative rates for U.S. dollar LIBOR, including the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and the Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA), began publication over the past few years, and additional proposals for alternative reference rates have been announced and/or have already begun publication. Given the inherent differences between LIBOR and SOFR, or any other alternative benchmark rate that may be established, the transition away from LIBOR to alternative reference rates has been complex and could have an adverse effect on the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operations, including as a result of any changes in the pricing of the Fund’s investments, changes to the documentation for certain of the Fund’s investments and the pace of such changes, disputes and other actions regarding the interpretation of current and prospective loan documentation or modifications to processes and systems.
Insolvency of Issuers of Indebtedness Risk
Various laws enacted for the protection of creditors may apply to indebtedness in which the Fund invests. The information in this and the following paragraph is applicable with respect to U.S. issuers subject to U.S. federal bankruptcy law. Insolvency considerations may differ with respect to other issuers. If, in a lawsuit brought by an unpaid creditor or representative of creditors of an issuer of indebtedness, a court were to find that the issuer did not receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value for incurring the indebtedness and that, after giving effect to such indebtedness, the issuer (i) was insolvent, (ii) was engaged in a business for which the remaining assets of such issuer constituted unreasonably small capital or (iii) intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature, such court could determine to invalidate, in whole or in part,
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such indebtedness as a fraudulent conveyance, to subordinate such indebtedness to existing or future creditors of such issuer, or to recover amounts previously paid by such issuer in satisfaction of such indebtedness. The measure of insolvency for purposes of the foregoing will vary. Generally, an issuer would be considered insolvent at a particular time if the sum of its debts was then greater than all of its property at a fair valuation, or if the present fair saleable value of its assets was then less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liabilities on its existing debts as they became absolute and matured. There can be no assurance as to what standard a court would apply in order to determine whether the issuer was “insolvent” after giving effect to the incurrence of the indebtedness in which the Fund invested or that, regardless of the method of valuation, a court would not determine that the issuer was “insolvent” upon giving effect to such incurrence. In addition, in the event of the insolvency of an issuer of indebtedness in which the Fund invests, payments made on such indebtedness could be subject to avoidance as a “preference” if made within a certain period of time (which may be as long as one year) before insolvency.
The Fund does not anticipate that it will engage in conduct that would form the basis for a successful cause of action based upon fraudulent conveyance, preference or subordination. There can be no assurance, however, as to whether any lending institution or other party from which the Fund may acquire such indebtedness engaged in any such conduct (or any other conduct that would subject such indebtedness and the Fund to insolvency laws) and, if it did, as to whether such creditor claims could be asserted in a U.S. court (or in the courts of any other country) against the Fund.
Indebtedness consisting of obligations of non-U.S. issuers may be subject to various laws enacted in the countries of their issuance for the protection of creditors. These insolvency considerations will differ depending on the country in which each issuer is located or domiciled and may differ depending on whether the issuer is a non-sovereign or a sovereign entity.
Private Credit Risk
Typically, private credit investments are in restricted securities that are not traded in public markets and subject to substantial holding periods, so that the Fund may not be able to resell some of its holdings for extended periods, which may be several years. The Fund’s investments are also subject to the risks associated with investing in private securities. Investments in private securities are illiquid, can be subject to various restrictions on resale, and there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to realize the value of such investments in a timely manner. Additionally, private credit investments can range in credit quality depending on security-specific factors, including total leverage, amount of leverage senior to the security in question, variability in the issuer’s cash flows, the size of the issuer, the quality of assets securing debt and the degree to which such assets cover the subject company’s debt obligations.
Dependence on the Adviser and Key Personnel
The Fund will depend on the Adviser’s ability to select, allocate and reallocate effectively the Fund’s assets. The success of the Fund is thus substantially dependent on the Adviser and its continued employment of certain key personnel. Similarly, the success of each private equity investment in which the Fund invests is also likely to be substantially dependent on certain key personnel of a Portfolio Fund Manager. Should one or more of the key personnel of the Adviser or of Portfolio Fund Manager become incapacitated or in some other way cease to participate in management activities, the Fund performance could be adversely affected. There can be no assurance that these key personnel will continue to be associated with or available to the Adviser or the general partner of the Portfolio Funds throughout the life of the Fund.
Indemnification Obligations and Limited Liability of Managers and Adviser
None of the Managers, the Adviser or any of their respective affiliates, principals, members, shareholders, partners, officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives (each an “Indemnified Person”) shall have any liability, responsibility or accountability in damages or otherwise to any Shareholder or the Fund for, and the Fund agrees, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to indemnify, pay, protect and hold harmless each Indemnified Person from and against, any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, proceedings, costs, expenses and disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, all reasonable costs and expenses of attorneys, defense, appeal and settlement of any and all suits, actions or proceedings
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instituted or threatened against the Indemnified Persons or the Fund) and all costs of investigation in connection therewith which may be imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against the Indemnified Persons or the Fund in any way relating to or arising out of, or alleged to relate to or arise out of, any action or inaction on the part of the Fund, on the part of the Indemnified Persons when acting on behalf of the Fund or otherwise in connection with the business or affairs of the Fund, or on the part of any agents when acting on behalf of the Fund (collectively, the “Indemnified Liabilities”); provided that the Fund shall not be liable to any Indemnified Person for any portion of any Indemnified Liabilities which results from such Indemnified Person’s willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of his, her or its duties or by reason of his, her or its reckless disregard of his, her or its obligations and duties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no waiver or release of personal liability of any Indemnified Person will be effective to waive any liabilities of such Indemnified Persons under the U.S. federal securities laws to the extent any such waiver or release is void under Section 14 of the Securities Act.
Portfolio Construction May Vary
While this Prospectus contains generalized discussions about the Adviser’s current expectations with respect to the make-up of the portfolio of the Fund, many factors may contribute to changes in emphasis in the construction of the portfolio, including changes in market or economic conditions or regulations as they affect various industries and sectors and changes in the political or social situations in particular jurisdictions. The Adviser may modify the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies, portfolio allocations, investment processes and investment techniques as compared to predecessor funds based on market conditions, changes in personnel or as the Adviser otherwise deems appropriate.
Projections
Projected operating results of a portfolio company normally will be based primarily on financial projections prepared by each company’s management. In all cases, projections are only estimates of future results that are based upon information received from the company and assumptions made at the time the projections are developed. There can be no assurance that the results are set forth in the projections will be attained, and actual results may be significantly different from the projections. Also, general economic factors, which are not predictable, can have a material effect on the reliability of projections.
Allocation Risk
The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends upon the Adviser’s skill in determining the Fund’s allocation of its assets and in selecting the best mix of investments. There is a risk that the Adviser’s evaluation and assumptions regarding asset classes or investments may be incorrect in view of actual market conditions.
The Fund’s allocation of its investments across Portfolio Funds, Direct Investments and other portfolio investments representing various strategies, geographic regions, asset classes and sectors may vary significantly over time based on the Adviser’s analysis and judgment. As a result, the particular risks most relevant to an investment in the Fund, as well as the overall risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio, may vary over time. There is no guarantee that the Adviser’s allocation strategy will produce the desired results. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets allocated to any category of investment may at any given time be significantly less than the maximum percentage permitted pursuant to the Fund’s investment policies. It is possible that the Fund will focus on an investment that performs poorly or underperforms other investments under various market conditions. The flexibility of the Fund’s investment policies and the discretion granted to the Adviser to invest the Fund’s assets across various segments, classes and geographic regions of the securities markets and in Portfolio Funds employing various strategies means that the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be more dependent on the success of its investment adviser than other investment companies.
Decision-Making Authority Risk
Shareholders have no authority to make decisions or to exercise business discretion on behalf of the Fund, except as set forth in the Fund’s governing documents. The authority for all such decisions is generally delegated to the Board, which in turn, has delegated the day-to-day management of the Fund’s investment activities to the Adviser, subject to oversight by the Board.
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Management Risk
The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment portfolio. The Adviser will apply investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these will produce the desired results. The Fund may be subject to a relatively high level of management risk because the Fund invests in private, illiquid instruments, which may be highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with equities and bonds.
Reliance on Service Providers
The Fund must rely upon the performance of service providers to perform certain functions, which may include functions that are integral to the Fund’s operations and financial performance. Failure by any service provider to carry out its obligations to the Fund in accordance with the terms of its appointment, to exercise due care and skill or to perform its obligations to the Fund at all as a result of insolvency, bankruptcy or other causes could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s performance and returns to shareholders. The termination of the Fund’s relationship with any service provider, or any delay in appointing a replacement for such service provider, could materially disrupt the business of the Fund and could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s performance and returns to shareholders.
Cyber Security Risk
With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber-attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber security failures by or breaches of the Adviser and other service providers (including, but not limited to, fund accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators), and the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, impediments to trading, the inability of Shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. Further, the potential utilization of AI may expose the Adviser, the Fund and the Shareholders to enhanced cybersecurity and data privacy risks, including risks that cannot yet be predicted given the rapid development of AI and uncertain legal and regulatory climate. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any cyber incidents in the future. While the Fund has established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, such cyber-attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund and issuers in which the Fund invests. As a result, the Fund or its Shareholders could be negatively impacted.
Tax Considerations for the Fund
The Fund has elected to qualify, and intends to continue to qualify, to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. As such, the Fund must satisfy, among other requirements, certain ongoing asset diversification, source-of-income and annual distribution requirements. If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC, it will become subject to corporate-level income tax, and the resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s net assets, the amount of income available for distributions to Shareholders, the amount of distributions and the amount of funds available for new investments. Such a failure would have a material adverse effect on the Fund and the Shareholders. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”
Each of the aforementioned ongoing requirements for qualification of the Fund as a RIC requires that the Investment Adviser obtain information from or about the underlying investments in which the Fund is invested.
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Portfolio Funds and Portfolio Fund Managers may not provide information sufficient to ensure that the Fund qualifies as a RIC under the Code. If the Fund does not receive sufficient information from Portfolio Funds or Portfolio Fund Managers, the Fund risks failing to satisfy the Subchapter M qualification tests and/or incurring an excise tax on undistributed income.
If, before the end of any quarter of its taxable year, the Fund believes that it may fail the Diversification Tests (as defined below in “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company”), the Fund may seek to take certain actions to avert such a failure. However, the action frequently taken by RICs to avert such a failure, the disposition of non-diversified assets, may be difficult to pursue because of the limited liquidity of the Fund’s investments. While relevant tax provisions afford a RIC a 30-day period after the end of the relevant quarter in which to cure a diversification failure by disposing of non-diversified assets, the constraints on the Fund’s ability to effect a sale of an investment may limit the Fund’s use of this cure period. In certain cases, the Fund may be afforded a longer cure period under applicable savings provisions, but the Fund may be subject to a penalty tax in connection with its use of those savings provisions. If the Fund fails to satisfy the Diversification Tests or other RIC requirements, the Fund may fail to qualify as a RIC under the Code. If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC, it would become subject to a corporate-level U.S. federal income tax (and any applicable U.S. state and local taxes) and distributions to the Shareholders generally would be treated as corporate dividends. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Failure to Qualify as a Regulated Investment Company.” In addition, the Fund is required each December to make certain “excise tax” calculations based on income and gain information that must be obtained from the Portfolio Funds or Portfolio Fund Managers. If the Fund does not receive sufficient information from the Portfolio Funds or Portfolio Fund Managers, it risks failing to satisfy the Subchapter M qualification tests and/or incurring an excise tax on undistributed income. The Fund may, however, attempt to avoid such outcomes by paying a distribution that is or is considered to be in excess of its current and accumulated earnings and profits for the relevant period (i.e., a return of capital).
In addition, the Fund may directly or indirectly invest in Portfolio Funds located outside the United States. Such Portfolio Funds may be subject to withholding taxes and other taxes in such jurisdictions with respect to their investments. In general, a U.S. person will not be able to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction for foreign taxes paid by the Fund. Further, adverse United States tax consequences can be associated with certain foreign investments, including potential United States withholding taxes on foreign investment entities with respect to their United States investments and potential adverse tax consequences associated with investments in any foreign corporations that are characterized for U.S. federal income tax purposes as “controlled foreign corporations” or “passive foreign investment companies.”
The Fund may retain some income and capital gains in the future, including for purposes of providing the Fund with additional liquidity, which amounts would be subject to the 4% U.S. federal excise tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for the tax on the amount by which the Fund does not meet the foregoing distribution requirement. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company.
RIC-Related Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income
Certain of the Fund’s investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a tax year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during that year. In particular, the Fund may invest in loans and other debt instruments that will be treated as having “market discount” and/or original issue discount (“OID”) (such as debt instruments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, increasing interest rates or issued with equity or warrants) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund may be required to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income (e.g., PIK interest), the Fund may have difficulty satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes. Accordingly, the Fund may be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, raise additional debt or equity capital, make taxable distributions of Shares or debt securities or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions. Market prices of OID instruments are more volatile because they are affected to a greater extent by interest rate changes than instruments that pay interest periodically in cash. Further, the interest rates on PIK loans may be higher to reflect the time-value of money on deferred interest payments and the higher credit risk of borrowers who may need to defer interest payments. If the Fund is not able to obtain cash from other sources, the Fund may fail to qualify for RIC tax treatment and thus become subject to corporate-level income tax. In addition, if the Fund liquidates assets
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to raise cash, the Fund may realize additional gain or loss on such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes additional net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, Shareholders may receive larger capital gain distributions than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Instruments that are treated as having OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any collateral. Loans that are treated as having OID generally represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans. Accruals on such instruments may create uncertainty about the source of Fund distributions to Shareholders. OID creates the risk of non-refundable cash payments to the Adviser based on accruals that may never be realized. In addition, the deferral of PIK interest also reduces a loan’s loan-to-value ratio at a compounding rate.
Tax Laws Subject to Change
It is possible that the current U.S. federal, state, local, or foreign income tax treatment accorded an investment in the Fund will be modified by legislative, administrative, or judicial action in the future. The nature of additional changes in U.S. federal or non-U.S. income tax law, if any, cannot be determined prior to enactment of any new tax legislation. However, such legislation could significantly alter the tax consequences and decrease the after tax rate of return of an investment in the Fund, including with retroactive effect. Potential investors therefore should seek, and must rely on, the advice of their own tax advisers with respect to the possible impact on their investments of recent legislation, as well as any future proposed tax legislation or administrative or judicial action.
Best-Efforts Offering Risk
This offering is being made on a reasonable best efforts basis, whereby the Distributor is only required to use its reasonable best efforts to sell the Shares and neither it nor any selling agent has a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base. As a result, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and a Shareholder could lose some or all of the value of his, her or its investment in the Shares. The Distributor is an affiliate of the Fund and the Adviser. As a result, the Distributor’s due diligence review and investigation of the Fund and this Prospectus cannot be considered to be an independent review.
POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The Adviser is accountable to the Fund as a fiduciary, and consequently, must operate the Fund prudently, in good faith and in the interest of and for the benefit of the Shareholders. The Adviser does manage the assets of other clients and funds and, therefore, prospective investors should be aware of potential conflicts of interest before investing. To mitigate any such conflicts, the Adviser will seek to apportion or allocate business opportunities among persons or entities to or with which it or its affiliates have fiduciary duties and other relationships on a basis that is fair and equitable to the maximum possible extent to each of such persons or entities, including the Fund.
Neuberger is a large participant in the equity and fixed income markets and engages in a broad spectrum of activities, including financial advisory services, research, sponsoring and managing public and private investment funds and accounts and other activities. In the ordinary course of its investment activities, Neuberger’s activities or strategies, or the activities or strategies used for other accounts or funds managed by Neuberger, may conflict with the transactions and strategies employed on behalf of the Fund. Neuberger’s trading activities are carried out generally without reference to positions held by the Fund and may have an effect on the value of the positions so held, or may result in Neuberger having an interest in the issuer adverse to that of a Portfolio Fund (e.g., Neuberger may have a short position in a security held long by a Portfolio Fund). Neuberger’s interests or the interests of its clients may conflict with the interests of the Shareholders, notwithstanding Neuberger’s direct or indirect participation in the Fund’s investments. By purchasing Shares, each Shareholder will be deemed to have acknowledged the existence of such actual and potential conflicts of interest and to have waived any claim with respect to the existence of such actual and potential conflicts of interest.
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Investment Adviser Affiliates May Engage in Adverse Activities. The Fund may invest in Portfolio Funds or Direct Investments that have relationships with affiliates of the Adviser or other funds or clients of the Adviser. Such affiliates may take actions that are detrimental to the interests of the Fund in such Portfolio Funds or portfolio companies.
Certain affiliates of the Adviser invest for their own accounts as well as for other venture capital and investment advisory affiliates of the Adviser. By investing for its clients and its own account and the accounts of its officers and employees, affiliates of the Adviser may compete with a Portfolio Fund for potential investments in portfolio companies and with the Fund for investments in Portfolio Funds. Absent SEC exemptive relief, the Fund will not invest in any private equity funds sponsored by the Adviser or any of its affiliates or invest in a Portfolio Fund for which the Adviser or any of its affiliates act as placement agent, even if doing so may be advantageous to the Fund.
The Investment Company Act prohibits the Fund from participating in certain transactions with certain of its affiliates. The Fund generally will be prohibited, for example, from buying or selling any securities from or to another client of the Investment Adviser, Sub-Adviser or of Neuberger. The Investment Company Act also prohibits certain “joint” transactions with certain of the Fund’s affiliates, which in certain circumstances could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times to the extent the transaction involves jointness). If a person acquires more than 25% of the Fund’s voting securities, the Fund will be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to such person or certain of that person’s affiliates, or entering into prohibited joint transactions with such persons. Similar restrictions limit the Fund’s ability to transact business with its officers or Independent Managers or their affiliates. The SEC has interpreted the Investment Company Act rules governing transactions with affiliates to prohibit certain “joint transactions” involving entities that share a common investment adviser. As a result of these restrictions, the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to the Fund may be limited.
The Investment Company Act imposes significant limits on co-investment with affiliates of the Fund. The Fund has obtained an exemptive order from the SEC expanding the Fund’s ability to co-invest alongside its affiliates in privately negotiated transactions. Subject to the conditions specified in the exemptive order, the Fund is permitted to co-invest with those affiliates in certain additional investment opportunities, including investments originated and directly negotiated by the Adviser. These co-investment transactions may give rise to conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest among the Fund and participating affiliates. The exemptive order also contains certain conditions that may limit or restrict the Fund’s ability to participate in an investment or participate in an investment to a lesser extent. An inability to receive the desired allocation to potential investments may affect Fund’s ability to achieve the desired investment returns.
Investment Opportunities May Be Allocated to Adviser Affiliates. Affiliates of the Adviser may be interested in some of the same investment opportunities as the Adviser. Accordingly, an affiliate of the Adviser may make an investment that would otherwise be appropriate for the Fund. As among the Fund and the Adviser’s other fund vehicles or other clients, investment opportunities presented to the Adviser will be allocated in a fair and equitable manner among the Adviser’s existing clients, taking into consideration the investment objectives and terms of such clients and any legal, tax or regulatory considerations specific to such clients. Opportunities that are suitable for more than one of the Adviser’s fund vehicles, including the Fund, or other clients and for which there is insufficient capacity to fulfill each fund-of-funds vehicle’s or other client’s need, will be allocated among such clients pro rata in proportion to its amount available to invest in such opportunity, subject to any legal, tax and regulatory considerations of each client. For example, certain clients of the Adviser are subject to the Bank Holding Company Act and therefore may not be able to make an investment that the Fund is able to make. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be offered any specific investment opportunities that come to the attention of the Adviser’s affiliates.
The Fund may invest in Portfolio Funds in which the Adviser and/or its affiliates (including, to the extent permitted by applicable law, other fund-of-funds products that have been or may be established by the Adviser and/or its affiliates) has an investment, and the Adviser and/or its affiliates may invest in Portfolio Funds in which the Fund has made an investment. The Adviser has adopted procedures governing the co-investment in securities acquired in private placements with certain clients of the Adviser.
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The Adviser is not obligated, however, to invest for the Fund in any Portfolio Fund that Neuberger, or its affiliates, may acquire for its or their own accounts if the Adviser concludes that it is not in the best interests of the Fund to acquire a position in such Portfolio Fund. The Shareholders in the Fund will not benefit from investments made by Neuberger and its other affiliates.
There May be Conflicts of Interest at the Portfolio Fund Level. Each Portfolio Fund may become involved in activities in which there is a potential conflict between the interests of Portfolio Fund investors, like the Fund, and the Portfolio Fund’s management. Typically Portfolio Funds will have an investor’s committee with some degree of supervision over potential conflicts, although there can be no assurance that such committee, or other conflict of interest provisions of a Portfolio Fund’s governing documents, will be effective.
Conflicts Associated with Fee Arrangements with Portfolio Funds. In certain cases, the Adviser or its affiliates may enter into arrangements with a Portfolio Fund Manager under which the Portfolio Fund Manager agrees to rebate a portion of its management fee or make other fee payments in connection with an investment in the Portfolio Fund by an investment vehicle managed or sponsored by the Adviser or its affiliates. To the extent any such rebates or payments relate to the Fund’s investment in a Portfolio Fund, the Fund will receive the economic benefit of such rebate or payment. However, to the extent the Adviser, in its sole discretion, determines that such an arrangement is not permissible or appropriate for the Fund, other vehicles managed by the Adviser or its affiliates may nonetheless participate in the rebate or repayment. Affiliates of the Adviser may receive and retain these payments with respect to other investment vehicles in consideration of, or to defray the cost of, services provided by such affiliates. The receipt of such payments by affiliates of the Adviser could incentivize the Adviser to participate in Portfolio Funds whose managers agree to make such payments or could enhance the likelihood that Portfolio Fund Managers will agree to make such payments.
Portfolio Fund Valuation May be Affected by Compensation Arrangements. If a Portfolio Fund calculates its compensation on the value of the Portfolio Fund’s assets, the Portfolio Fund’s manager may exercise discretion in assigning values to the Portfolio Fund’s investments. These factors can create a conflict of interest because the value assigned to an investment may affect the advisory fee at the Portfolio Fund level. If there is a difference in the advisory fee required to be paid, the Portfolio Fund’s documents generally do not require the Portfolio Fund’s manager to return past advisory fees, although claw-back provisions in a Portfolio Fund’s documents may permit the recovery of excess carried interest distributions.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Board of Managers
The Role of the Board
The Board is responsible for the overall management of the Fund, including supervision of the duties performed by the Adviser. As is the case with virtually all investment companies (as distinguished from operating companies), service providers to the Fund, primarily the Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser, have responsibility for the day-to-day management and operation of the Fund. The Board does not have responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund, and its oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Fund’s investments or activities. The Board has appointed various individuals of the Adviser as officers of the Fund with responsibility to monitor and report to the Board on the Fund’s operations. In conducting its oversight, the Board receives regular reports from these officers and from other senior officers of the Adviser regarding the Fund’s operations.
Board Structure and Committees
All of the Fund’s Managers are Independent Managers and are not affiliated with the Adviser. The Board has established two standing committees: an Audit Committee and a Nominating Committee. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Audit Committee met four times and the Nominating Committee did not meet. Counsel to the Fund also serves as independent counsel to the Independent Managers to advise them on matters relating to their responsibilities in connection with the Fund.
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The Board has formed an Audit Committee composed of all of the Independent Managers, the functions of which are:
1.
to oversee the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices, its internal controls and, as the Audit Committee may deem necessary or appropriate, the internal controls of certain of the Fund’s service providers;
2.
to oversee the quality and objectivity of the Fund’s financial statements and the independent audit of those statements;
3.
to assist the Board in selecting the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, to directly supervise the compensation and performance of such independent registered public accountants and generally to act as a liaison between the independent registered public accountants and the Board; and
4.
to review and, as appropriate, approve in advance non-audit services provided by such independent registered public accountants to the Fund, the Adviser, and, in certain cases, other affiliates of the Fund.
The Board has formed a Nominating Committee composed of all of the Independent Managers, whose function, subject to the oversight of the Board, is to select and nominate persons for elections or appointment by the Board as Managers of the Fund. The Nominating Committee will act in accordance with the Fund’s nominating committee charter. The Nominating Committee may consider nominees recommended by Shareholders. The Nominating Committee will consider recommendations for nominees from Shareholders sent to the Secretary of the Fund, Claudia Brandon, at 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10104. A nomination submission must include all information relating to the recommended nominee that is required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 22(b) of Schedule 14A, as well as information sufficient to evaluate the factors listed in the Fund’s Nominating Committee Charter (the character and integrity of the person; whether or not the person is qualified under applicable laws and regulations to serve as a Manager of the Fund; whether or not the person has any relationships that might impair his or her service on the Board; whether nomination of the person would be consistent with Fund policy and applicable laws and regulations regarding the number and percentage of Independent Managers on the Board; whether or not the person serves on boards of, or is otherwise affiliated with, competing financial service organizations or their related fund complexes; whether or not the person is willing to serve and is willing and able to commit the time necessary for the performance of the duties and responsibilities of a Manager of the Fund; and a demonstrated record of professional accomplishment). Nomination submissions must be accompanied by a written consent of the individual to stand for election if nominated by the Board and to serve if elected by Shareholders, and such additional information must be provided regarding the recommended nominee as reasonably requested by the Nominating Committee.
Board Oversight of Risk Management
As part of its oversight function, the Board receives and reviews various reports relating to risk management. Because risk management is a broad concept comprised of many different elements (including, among other things, investment risk, valuation risk, credit risk, compliance and regulatory risk, business continuity risk and operational risk), Board oversight of different types of risks is handled in different ways. For example, the full Board could receive and review reports from senior personnel of the Adviser (including senior compliance, financial reporting and investment personnel) or their affiliates regarding various types of risks, such as operational, compliance and investment risk, and how they are being managed. The Audit Committee may participate in the oversight of risk management in certain areas, including meeting with the Fund’s financial officers and with the Fund’s independent public auditors to discuss, among other things, annual audits of the Fund’s financial statements and the auditor’s report thereon and the auditor’s annual report on internal control.
Board of Managers and Officers
Any vacancy on the Board of Managers may be filled by the remaining Managers, except to the extent the Investment Company Act requires the election of Managers by the investors. The Fund’s officers are appointed by the Managers and oversee the management of the day-to-day operations of the Fund under the supervision of the Board. All of the officers of the Fund are directors, officers or employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. The
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Managers and officers of the Fund are also directors and officers of other investment companies managed or advised by the Adviser. To the fullest extent allowed by applicable law, including the Investment Company Act, the LLC Agreement indemnifies the Managers and officers for all costs, liabilities and expenses that they may experience as a result of their service as such.
The name and business address of the Managers and officers of the Fund and their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years are set forth under “Management of the Fund” in the SAI.
Portfolio Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
Neuberger Berman Investment Advisers LLC, 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10104, serves as the Investment Adviser to the Fund. The Investment Adviser has engaged NB Alternatives Advisers LLC, 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10104, as Sub-Adviser to assist with investment decisions on behalf of the Fund.
The Investment Adviser and the Sub-Adviser are both registered as investment advisers under the Advisers Act. The Investment Adviser and the Sub-Adviser are indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Neuberger and provide investment advisory services to Neuberger’s open-and closed-end funds that are registered under the Investment Company Act. Neuberger’s voting equity is owned by NBSH Acquisition, LLC (“NBSH”). NBSH is owned by portfolio managers, members of Neuberger’s management team and certain of Neuberger’s key employees and senior professionals.
Neuberger’s Overview
Established in 1939, Neuberger is a leader in a broad range of global investment solutions tailored to institutions and individuals through customized separately managed accounts, mutual funds and alternative investment products. Neuberger has 2,943 employees in 26 countries worldwide and, as of June 30, 2026, managed $613 billion of assets.
Investment Committee
The personnel of the Sub-Adviser who currently have primary responsibility for management of the Fund is the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment Investment Committee (the “PIPCO Investment Committee”), which serve as the Fund’s Portfolio Fund Managers.
The PIPCO Investment Committee is responsible for the development, selection, and ongoing monitoring and realization of investments. The voting members of the PIPCO Investment Committee are jointly and primarily responsible for the management of the Fund. We believe the PIPCO Investment Committee is distinctive within the private equity industry for its composition of individuals with diverse backgrounds in not only portfolio and fund of funds management, but also as partners of large-cap buyout funds and mid-cap buyout funds and as chief executive officers of private equity backed portfolio companies. The insights of such a diverse group add substantial value to our diligence process. The PIPCO Investment Committee operates on a majority vote basis, assuring that every investment gets a full and impartial analysis by the PIPCO Investment Committee. The PIPCO Investment Committee is supported by an investment team of principals, senior vice presidents, vice presidents, associates, and analysts who execute our rigorous due diligence process.
Kent Chen is a Managing Director of Neuberger and leader of the firm’s private equity efforts in the Asia Pacific region. He is also a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment Investment Committee. Mr. Chen joined Neuberger in May 2015 from the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) after spending 17 years in various central banking positions, including Deputy Chief Representative of the HKMA’s New York Office and Advisor to the Executive Director for China at the International Monetary Fund in Washington D.C. From 2008, Mr. Chen helped to establish the HKMA’s private equity program, comprising of global buyout, Asia private equity and global energy investments. Before joining the HKMA in 1998, Mr. Chen was Head of China Research at Daiwa Securities in Hong Kong covering the Chinese stocks market with a focus on infrastructure, energy and power equipment stocks. Mr. Chen has been awarded the Chartered Financial Analyst designation and earned a MPA from Columbia University, MBA from University of Hull and BS in Economics from University of London.
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Paul Daggett is a Managing Director of Neuberger and a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-investment Investment Committee. Prior to joining Neuberger in 2004, Mr. Daggett worked in the European Equity Derivatives Group at JPMorgan Chase & Co. He holds an M.B.A. from the Cox School of Business at Southern Methodist University and a BEng, with honors, in Aeronautical Engineering from the University of Bristol. Mr. Daggett is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (FCA) and holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.
Michael Kramer is a Managing Director of Neuberger. He is a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment, Credit Opportunities, and Marquee Brands Investment Committees as well as a member of the Board of Directors for Marquee Brands. Before joining Neuberger in 2006, Mr. Kramer was a vice president at The Cypress Group, a private equity firm with $3.5 billion under management. Prior thereto, he worked as an analyst at PaineWebber Incorporated. Mr. Kramer holds an MBA from Harvard Business School and a BA, cum laude, from Harvard College.
David Morse is a Managing Director of Neuberger, and is the Global Co-Head of Private Equity Co-Investments. He is also a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment and Private Debt Investment Committees. Mr. Morse joined Lehman Brothers in 2003 as a Managing Director and principal in the Merchant Banking Group where he helped raise and invest Lehman Brothers Merchant Banking Partners III L.P. Prior to joining Lehman Brothers, Mr. Morse was a founding Partner of Hampshire Equity Partners (and its predecessor entities). Founded in 1993, Hampshire is a middle-market private equity and corporate restructuring firm with $825 million of committed capital over three private equity funds. Prior to Hampshire, Mr. Morse worked in GE Capital’s Corporate Finance Group providing one-stop financings to middle-market buyouts. Mr. Morse began his career in 1984 in Chemical Bank’s middle-market lending group. Mr. Morse holds an M.B.A. from the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College and a B.A. in Economics from Hamilton College. Mr. Morse is a member of the M.B.A. Advisory Board of the Tuck School, a member of the Alumni Council of Hamilton College, and a member of the Board of Trustees of the Berkshire School.
Joana P. Rocha Scaff is a Managing Director of Neuberger, Head of Europe Private Equity and a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment and Strategic Capital Investment Committees. She is also a member of Neuberger’s ESG Advisory Committee. Ms. Rocha Scaff has over 20 years of experience in financial markets, the majority of which in private equity investing and prior to that in investment banking. She has been with the firm since 2005. Prior to Neuberger Private Markets, Ms. Scaff worked in the investment banking division of Lehman Brothers, and prior to that at Citigroup Global Markets and Espirito Santo Investment. She advised on corporate transactions including M&A, financial restructurings and public equity and debt offerings in the United States, Europe and Brazil. Ms. Scaff received her MBA from Columbia Business School and her BA in Business Management and Administration from the Universidade Catolica of Lisbon. Ms. Scaff is a member of the LP Committee of the BVCA – British Private Equity Association. Ms. Scaff is a member of the Limited Partner Advisory Committee of multiple European private equity funds.
Jonathan D. Shofet is the Global Head of the Firm’s Private Investment Portfolios group and is a Managing Director of Neuberger. He is also a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment Investment Committee. Prior to joining Neuberger Private Equity, Mr. Shofet was a member of the Lehman Brothers Private Equity division, focusing on mid-through late-stage equity investments primarily in the technology, communications and media sectors. Prior to that, Mr. Shofet was a member of the Lehman Brothers Investment Banking division, where he focused on public and private financings, as well as strategic advisory in the real estate, technology and utility sectors. Mr. Shofet sits on the Limited Partner Advisory Boards of a number of funds including those managed by Amulet Capital, Beacon Capital Partners, Castlelake Airline and Credit Strategies, Cerberus Institutional Partners, Clearlake Capital, ComVest Investment Partners, DFW Capital, Monomoy Capital Partners, Oakhill Capital Partners, Platinum Equity, Siris Partners, Thomas H. Lee Partners and Vector Capital Partners. He is also a Board Observer for several private companies. Mr. Shofet holds a BA from Binghamton University, where he graduated summa cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa.
David S. Stonberg is a Managing Director of Neuberger and is the Global Co-Head of Private Equity Co-Investments. He is also a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment, Renaissance, Secondary, Real Estate Secondary and Strategic Capital Investment Committees. Before joining Neuberger in 2002, Mr. Stonberg held several positions within Lehman Brothers’ Investment Banking Division including providing traditional corporate and advisory services to clients as well as leading internal strategic and
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organizational initiatives for Lehman Brothers. Mr. Stonberg began his career in the Mergers and Acquisitions Group at Lazard Frères. Mr. Stonberg holds an MBA from the Stern School of New York University and a BSE. from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Anthony D. Tutrone is the Global Head of NB Alternatives and a Managing Director of Neuberger. He is a member of all Neuberger Private Equity’s Investment Committees. Mr. Tutrone is also a member of Neuberger’s Partnership, Operating, and Asset Allocation Committees. Prior to Neuberger, from 1994 to 2001, Mr. Tutrone was a Managing Director and founding member of The Cypress Group, a private equity firm focused on middle market buyouts that managed approximately $3.5 billion of commitments. Prior to The Cypress Group, Mr. Tutrone began his career at Lehman Brothers in 1986, starting in Investment Banking and in 1987 becoming one of the original members of the firm’s Merchant Banking Group. This group managed a $1.2 billion private equity fund focused on middle market buyouts. He has been a member of the board of directors of several public and private companies and has sat on the advisory boards of several private equity funds. Mr. Tutrone earned an MBA from Harvard Business School and a BA in Economics from Columbia University.
Elizabeth Traxler is a Managing Director of Neuberger and a senior member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investments team. She is also a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment Investment Committee, as well as the Secondary Investment Committee. Prior to joining Neuberger in 2008, Ms. Traxler was at Wachovia Capital Partners (now known as Pamlico Capital), where she focused on making direct growth equity and buyout investments across a broad range of industries. Ms. Traxler also worked at Wachovia Securities in the Leveraged Capital Group, which provided senior and mezzanine debt for private equity-backed transactions. She is currently a Board Observer for several private companies and Advisory Board member for a number of private equity funds. Ms. Traxler received an MBA from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University and a BA, cum laude, in Economics from Vanderbilt University.
Peter J. Von Lehe is the Head of Investment Solutions and Strategy and is a Managing Director of Neuberger. He is also a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment, Athyrium, Marquee Brands and Renaissance Investment Committees. Mr. von Lehe sits on the Limited Partner Advisory Boards of a number of investment relationships globally on behalf of Neuberger funds. Previously, Mr. von Lehe was a Managing Director and Deputy Head of the Private Equity Fund of Funds unit of Swiss Reinsurance Company. At Swiss Re, Mr. von Lehe was responsible for investment analysis and product structuring and worked in both New York and Zurich. Before that, he was an attorney with the law firm of Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP in New York focusing on corporate finance and private equity transactions. He began his career as a financial analyst for a utility company, where he was responsible for econometric modeling. Mr. von Lehe received a BS with Honors in Economics from the University of Iowa and a JD with High Distinction, from the University of Iowa College of Law. He is a member of the New York Bar.
Jacquelyn Wang is a Managing Director of Neuberger and a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment Investment Committee. Ms. Wang joined Neuberger in 2007 focusing on direct co-investments, primary fund investments and secondary investments. Prior to joining Neuberger, Ms. Wang worked in Corporate Development at Verizon Communications focused on corporate M&A. Previously, Ms. Wang worked at Spectrum Equity Investors, where she was responsible for sourcing, executing and evaluating buyout and growth equity investments in media, technology and telecom. Ms. Wang began her career in the investment banking division of Lehman Brothers advising on corporate transactions in the communications and media industries. Ms. Wang received an MBA from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and a BA with honors from The Johns Hopkins University.
Patricia Miller Zollar is a Managing Director of Neuberger and a leader of the Firm’s Private Investment Portfolios group. She is a member of the Private Investment Portfolios and Co-Investment Investment Committee. Additionally, Ms. Zollar sits on the Limited Partner Advisory Boards of a number of funds. Before rejoining Lehman Brothers in 2004, Ms. Zollar was a vice president in the Asset Management Division of Goldman Sachs. Ms. Zollar began her career as a Certified Public Accountant in the Audit Division of Deloitte & Touche. She received her MBA from Harvard Business School and her BS, with highest distinction, from North Carolina A&T State University, where she formerly served as Chairperson of the Board of Trustees and which conferred her an honorary Doctorate degree. Ms. Zollar is a member of the Executive Leadership Council, the Economic Club of NY, the Harvard Business School Alumni Board and was a former member of the executive board of the National Association of Investment Companies. She serves on the executive board of The Apollo Theater and a member of the Investment Committee of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Board of Trustees.
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The SAI provides additional information about other accounts managed by the portfolio management team and the ownership of the Fund’s securities by each portfolio manager.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
The Investment Adviser, subject to supervision by the Board, has overall responsibility for the investment selection, management and operation of the Fund, pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement between the Fund and the Investment Adviser.
In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Investment Adviser, the Fund pays the Investment Adviser a quarterly Advisory Fee at an annual rate of 1.50% based on the Fund’s net asset value calculated and accrued monthly as of the last business day of each month. For purposes of determining the Advisory Fee payable to the Investment Adviser for any month, the net asset value will be calculated prior to the inclusion of the Advisory Fee and Incentive Fee payable to the Investment Adviser. The Advisory Fee will be payable in arrears within 5 business days after the completion of the net asset value computation for the quarter. Purchased shares are incorporated into the beginning of month net asset value and included in the computation of the Advisory Fee payable. Share repurchases are included in the computation of the Advisory Fee and Incentive Fee payable through the valuation date as described in “Repurchase of Shares.” The Advisory Fee is paid to the Investment Adviser out of the Fund’s assets, and therefore decreases the net profits or increases the net losses of the Fund. This Advisory Fee is separate from the Incentive Fee that the Investment Adviser receives in the event that specified investment returns are achieved by the Fund.
At the end of each calendar quarter of the Fund, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive an Incentive Fee equal to 10% of the difference, if positive, between (i) the net profits of the Fund for the relevant period and (ii) the then balance, if any, of the Loss Recovery Account. For the purposes of the Incentive Fee, the term “net profits” shall mean (i) the amount by which the net asset value of the Fund on the last day of the relevant period exceeds the net asset value of the Fund as of the commencement of the same period, including any net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments and realized income and gains or losses and expenses (including offering and organizational expenses) plus (ii) the aggregate distributions accrued during the period.
The Investment Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty, on 60 days’ prior written notice: by a majority vote of the Board; by vote of a majority (as defined by the Investment Company Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund; or by the Investment Adviser. After the initial term of two (2) years, the Investment Advisory Agreement may continue in effect from year to year if such continuance is approved annually by either the Board or the vote of a majority (as defined by the Investment Company Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund; provided that in either event the continuance is also approved by a majority of the Independent Managers by vote cast in person (or as otherwise permitted by the SEC) at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Investment Advisory Agreement also provides that it will terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment,” as defined by the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder.
The Investment Advisory Agreement provides that, in the absence of willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties to the Fund, the Investment Adviser, its directors, officers or employees and its affiliates, successors or other legal representatives will not be liable to the Fund for any error of judgment, for any mistake of law or for any act or omission by such person or any sub-adviser in connection with the performance of services to the Fund. The Investment Advisory Agreement also provides that the Fund will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Investment Adviser and its directors, officers or employees and their respective affiliates, executors, heirs, assigns, successors or other legal representatives, against any liability or expense to which such person may be liable which arise in connection with the performance of services to the Fund, provided that the liability or expense is not incurred by reason of the person’s willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties to the Fund.
To the extent the Fund invests any assets in an affiliated investment company, the Investment Adviser undertakes to waive a portion of the Advisory Fee equal to the advisory fee it receives from such affiliated investment company on those assets.
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Pursuant to a fee reduction agreement, the Investment Adviser contractually agreed to reduce its Advisory Fee to an annual rate of 0.25% for the period beginning on the commencement of operations until December 31, 2022 (the “Fee Reduction Agreement”). The reduction of the Advisory Fee under the Fee Reduction Agreement was not subject to recoupment by the Investment Adviser under the expense limitation agreement between the Fund and the Adviser in effect at the time.
Pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement, the Investment Adviser has agreed to waive fees that it would otherwise be paid, and/or to assume expenses of the Fund, if required to ensure Other Expenses do not exceed 0.30% per annum of the average monthly net assets. The Fund agrees to repay the Investment Adviser any fees waived under the Expense Limitation Agreement or any Other Expenses the Investment Adviser reimburses in excess of the Expense Limitation Agreement, provided the repayments do not cause the Fund’s Other Expenses to exceed the expense limitation in place at the time the fees were waived and/or the expenses were reimbursed, or the expense limitation in place at the time the Fund repays the Investment Adviser, whichever is lower. Any such repayments must be made within three years after the year in which the Investment Adviser incurred the expense. The Expense Limitation Agreement has a term ending on July 31, 2027, and the Investment Adviser may extend the term for a period of one year on an annual basis.
The Investment Advisory Agreement was initially approved by the Board at the Fund’s organizational meeting held on October 22, 2020. A discussion regarding the basis for the most recent renewal by the Board of the Investment Advisory Agreement is available in the Fund’s semi-annual report for the period ended September 30, 2025.
The following tables set forth the Advisory Fees the Fund paid to the Adviser for the Fund’s last three fiscal years.
2024
Gross Advisory Fees
Advisory Fees Waived
Net Advisory Fees
Advisory Fees: $10,385,974
$0
$10,385,974
Incentive Fees: $5,500,345
$0
$5,500,345
Total: $15,886,319
Total: $0
Total: $15,886,319
2025
Gross Advisory Fees
Advisory Fees Waived
Net Advisory Fees
Advisory Fees: $19,398,955
$0
$19,398,955
Incentive Fees: $10,372,037
$0
$10,372,037
Total: $29,770,992
Total: $0
Total: $29,770,992
2026
Gross Advisory Fees
Advisory Fees Waived
Net Advisory Fees
Advisory Fees: $28,574,826
$0
$28,574,826
Incentive Fees: $39,645,903
$0
$39,645,903
Total: $68,220,729
Total: $0
Total: $68,220,729
INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT
The Investment Adviser has engaged the Sub-Adviser to assist with investment decisions with respect to the Fund pursuant to an Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Investment Adviser and the Sub-Adviser.
In consideration for the services provided under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser a quarterly fee equal to 90% of the Advisory Fee and 100% of the Incentive Fee received from the Fund. The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty, on 60 days’ prior written notice: by the Board; by vote of a majority (as defined by the Investment Company Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund; or by the Investment Adviser or the Sub-Adviser. After the initial term of two (2) years, the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement may continue in effect from year to year if such continuance is approved annually by either the Board or the vote of a majority (as defined by the Investment Company Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund; provided that in either event the continuance is also approved by a majority of the Independent Managers by vote cast in person (or as otherwise permitted by the SEC) at a meeting called for the
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purpose of voting on such approval. The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement also provides that it will terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment,” as defined by the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder, or if the Investment Advisory Agreement terminates with respect to the Fund.
The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement provides that, in the absence of willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties with respect to the Fund, the Sub-Adviser, its directors, officers or employees and its affiliates, successors or other legal representatives, will not be liable to the Fund for any error of judgment, for any mistake of law or for any act or omission by such person in connection with the performance of services to the Fund. The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement also provides the Fund will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Sub-Adviser and its directors, officers or employees and their respective affiliates, executors, heirs, assigns, successors or other legal representatives, against any liability or expense to which such person may be liable which arise in connection with the performance of services to the Fund, provided that the liability or expense is not incurred by reason of the person’s willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties with respect to the Fund.
The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement was initially approved by the Board at the Fund’s organizational meeting held on October 22, 2020. A discussion regarding the basis for the most recent renewal by the Board of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement is available in the Fund’s semi-annual report for the period ended September 30, 2025.
In consideration for services provided under the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser a quarterly fee equal to 90% of the Advisory Fee and 100% of the Incentive Fee received from the Fund.
NET ASSET VALUATION
The Fund calculates the net asset value of each class of Shares as of the close of business on the last business day of each calendar month and in connection with the Fund’s offer to purchase Shares, on each date that Shares are to be repurchased, as of the date of any distribution and at such other times as the Board shall determine (each, a “Determination Date”). In determining its net asset value, the Fund will value its investments as of the relevant Determination Date. The net asset value of the Fund will equal, unless otherwise noted, the value of the total assets of the Fund (including the net asset value of each class of Shares), less all of its liabilities, including accrued fees and expenses, each determined as of the relevant Determination Date. The net asset values of Class A-1 Shares, Class A-2 Shares and Institutional Class Shares will be calculated separately based on the fees and expenses applicable to each class. It is expected that the net asset value of Class A-1 Shares, Class A-2 Shares and Institutional Class Shares will vary over time as a result of the differing fees and expenses applicable to each class.
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which the Fund will value its investments. In accordance with Rule 2a-5 under the Investment Company Act, the Board has designated the Investment Adviser as the Fund’s valuation designee (the “Valuation Designee”) to determine, in accordance with such procedures, fair value in good faith for any or all Fund investments. The Valuation Designee may seek the assistance of the Sub-Adviser as it deems appropriate. The Valuation Designee use the best information it has reasonably available to determine or estimate fair value. The Valuation Designee generally will value the Fund’s investments in accordance with Certification Topic ASC 820 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board.
Private Equity Investments. The Fund’s investments in private equity generally take the form of (i) limited partner interests in Portfolio Funds or (ii) Direct Investments in private companies and will be valued on the Fund’s books at fair value. The Valuation Designee determines fair value at each month-end using a methodology that begins with the last reported net asset value reported by a Portfolio Fund Manager or general partner of a Portfolio Fund or similar net asset value information provided by the lead or sponsoring investor for a Direct Investment, and is then adjusted to reflect: (i) financial adjustments; (ii) a “market factor” adjustment; and (iii) an “idiosyncratic event” adjustment, if applicable.
Last Reported Fair Value. The Valuation Designee’s determination of the fair value of a Portfolio Fund or Direct Investment begins with the last reported net asset value reported by a Portfolio Fund Manager or general partner of a Portfolio Fund or similar net asset value information provided by the lead or sponsoring investor for a Direct Investment. Such information generally is not provided to the Valuation Designee until 60 days or more after quarter-end for each Portfolio Fund or Direct Investment.
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The Valuation Designee maintains certain procedures to seek to ensure that the Portfolio Fund Manager or the lead or sponsoring investor for a Direct Investment is using appropriate procedures to value the investments in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as appropriate. Among other things, the Valuation Designee conducts a due diligence review of the valuation methodology used by each Portfolio Fund Manager or lead or sponsoring investor for a Direct Investment, as applicable, and seeks to maintain close relationships with the Portfolio Fund Manager or lead or sponsoring investors, as applicable, through written and telephone communication and in-person meetings. Representatives of the Valuation Designee also regularly attend investor meetings. The Valuation Designee monitors the continuing appropriateness of the valuation methodology being used for the Fund’s investments.
Financial Adjustments. Financial adjustments include adjustments made to incorporate known developments since the last reported net asset value reported by a Portfolio Fund Manager or general partner of a Portfolio Fund or the valuation information provided by the lead or sponsoring investor for a Direct Investment, such as changes in currency rates, capital calls and distributions, and the nature of such capital, realized gains/losses based on known realizations, fees and carried interest charged during the reporting period, and the value of publicly traded securities held by Portfolio Funds, subject to any discount factors. To facilitate determining financial adjustments, the Valuation Designee works closely with Portfolio Fund Managers or lead or sponsoring investors for Direct Investments to obtain current information with respect to these developments in between receipt of the most recent financial information (e.g., audited or unaudited financial statements, balance sheet or capital account statements) at each quarter-end.
Market Factor Adjustments. The Valuation Designee has developed a proprietary “Market Factor Adjustment” formula that is applied to each of the Fund’s investments in Portfolio Funds and Direct Investments. In developing the Market Factor Adjustment, a comprehensive analysis was conducted by the Valuation Designee to identify which factors have been the most statistically significant to historical valuations. Currently, the Market Factor Adjustment formula incorporates changes in a relevant public index and subsectors thereof (determined on an individual portfolio holding basis based on industry, investment strategy, security description, market value (if publicly traded) and geography) and yield curve spread into the valuation of each investment, using an appropriate correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficient is based on analysis of (i) historical returns for public and private markets applied to the index and (ii) historical yield curve spread adjustments compared to private equity valuations.
The Market Factor Adjustment is regularly back tested and updated to incorporate more recent information. The Fund has engaged an independent third-party Pricing Service to complete a form of positive assurance in relation to the application of this valuation methodology.
Idiosyncratic Event Adjustments. The Valuation Designee assesses information received from its ongoing monitoring of portfolio holdings and makes valuation changes accordingly. Significant events that might come to the Valuation Designee’s attention and supported by documentation deemed reliable by the Valuation Designee may include bankruptcies, pending or actual mergers and acquisitions, and other material events, such as capital structure changes, litigations, sanctions, cybersecurity incidents, win or loss of contract, regulatory approvals or rejections, management changes, or other transactions or significant changes in operations.
Prospective investors should be aware that there can be no assurance that the valuation of interests in Portfolio Funds or Direct Investments as determined under the procedures described above will in all cases be accurate to the extent that the Valuation Designee does not generally have access to all necessary financial and other information relating to the Portfolio Funds or Direct Investments to determine independently the net asset value of the Fund’s interests in those Portfolio Funds or Direct Investments. The results of the Valuation Designee’s fair valuation of securities whose market value is not readily ascertainable will be based upon the Valuation Designee’s assessment of the fair value of such securities.
Investments valued at fair value by the Valuation Designee will be subject to a new valuation determination upon the next monthly valuation of the Fund. The Valuation Designee will periodically review its valuation determinations with the Fund’s auditor and respond to any inquiries by such auditor regarding the Valuation Designee’s valuation methodologies.
Liquid Securities. Fund investments are valued according to the following procedures:
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(i)
Equity Securities. Domestic exchange traded equity securities (other than options) will be valued at their last sale prices as reported on the exchanges where those securities are primarily traded. If no sales of a security are reported on a particular day, the security will be valued based on its bid price for a security held long, or its ask price for a security held short, as reported by those exchanges. Securities traded primarily on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price (“NOCP”). If no NOCP is available, the security will generally be valued at the latest bid price as reported on NASDAQ.
In the absence of such sales or quotations, other publicly offered securities will be valued at their bid prices (or asked prices in the case of securities held short) as obtained from one or more dealers making markets for those securities.
(ii)
Fixed Income Securities and Other Credit Instruments. Debt securities may be valued in accordance with the procedures described in (i) above. In addition, debt securities may be valued by an independent pricing service approved by the Board on the basis of market quotations. The Valuation Designee will monitor the reasonableness of valuations provided by the pricing service. Debt securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less will be valued on the basis of amortized cost, unless other factors indicate that amortized cost is not an accurate estimate of the security’s value.
(iii)
Financial Futures, Forward Foreign Currency Contracts and Options. Financial futures will generally be valued at the latest reported sales price. Forward foreign currency contracts will generally be valued using market quotations from a widely used quotation system that reflects the current cost of covering or off-setting the contract. Exchange-traded options will generally be valued at the latest reported sale price on the exchange on which they trade. If there is no reported sale for an option on the Valuation Date, the option will generally be valued at the mean between the latest bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options will generally be valued using the mean between the latest bid and asked prices.
(iv)
Foreign Exchange Rates. All assets and liabilities initially expressed in foreign currencies will be converted into U.S. dollars using foreign exchange rates compiled as of 4:00 p.m. New York time. Trading in foreign securities generally is completed, and the values of foreign securities are determined, prior to the close of the securities markets in the U.S. Foreign exchange rates are also determined prior to such close.
If a valuation for a security is not available from an independent pricing service or if the Valuation Designee believes in good faith that the valuation does not reflect the amount the Fund would receive on a current sale of that security, the Fund seeks to obtain quotations from brokers or dealers. If such quotations are not readily available, the Fund may use a fair value estimate made according to methods utilized by the Valuation Designee.
Illiquid Securities. On a monthly basis, for illiquid securities for which no market quotations are available (other than interests in Portfolio Funds and certain Direct Investments, as described above) and for which independent appraisals of current value can readily be obtained, valuations will be based on such appraisals. Otherwise, valuation of illiquid securities (other than interests in Portfolio Funds and certain Direct Investments, as described above) will remain at cost except that original cost valuation will be adjusted based on a determination of such investment’s fair value.
Other Fair Valuations Considerations (Private Equity or Publicly Traded Securities). In instances where there is reason to believe that the valuation of a security or other investment valued pursuant to the procedures described above does not represent the current value of such security or investment, or when a security or investment cannot be valued pursuant to the procedures described above, the fair value of the investment will be determined taking into account the following factors, as relevant:
(i)
the nature and price (if any) of the investment and the nature and expected duration of the event, if any, giving rise to the valuation issue;
(ii)
whether market quotations for the investment are available, pricing history of the security and trading volumes on markets, exchanges or among dealers;
(iii)
information as to any transactions or offers with respect to the security;
(iv)
volatility of the security or a related index;
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(v)
possible valuation methodologies that could be used to determine the fair value of the investment, including valuation by reference to other financial instruments, including trading in similar securities, depository receipts, derivative instruments, including options pricing models, closed-end or exchange-traded fund trading or exchange-traded baskets of securities;
(vi)
cost of the investment and, for restricted securities, any discount from the market value of unrestricted securities of the same class at the time of purchase and the existence of a shelf registration for restricted securities;
(vii)
changes in interest rates;
(viii)
government actions or pronouncements or other news events;
(ix)
analyst reports;
(x)
fundamental analytical data and internal models;
(xi)
whether other portfolios serviced by the Adviser or its affiliates hold the same or similar investments and the method used to value the investments in those portfolios;
(xii)
whether the issuer of the investment has other securities outstanding and, if so, how those securities are valued;
(xiii)
the extent to which the fair value to be determined for the investment will result from the use of data or formulae produced by third parties independent of the Adviser;
(xiv)
recent corporate developments and (with due regard for the likelihood of their ultimate occurrence) pending corporate developments;
(xv)
the liquidity or illiquidity of the market for the investment; and
(xvi)
any other relevant factors or considerations.
Prospective Investors should be aware that situations involving uncertainties as to the value of portfolio positions could have an adverse effect on the Fund’s net asset value if the judgments of the Valuation Designee should prove incorrect.
ELIGIBLE INVESTORS
Although the Shares are registered under the Securities Act, the Shares are sold only to persons or entities that are “qualified clients,” as defined in Rule 205-3 under the Advisers Act.
In addition, Shares are generally being offered only to investors that are U.S. persons for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The qualifications required to invest in the Fund are in subscription documents that must be completed by each prospective investor.
Each prospective investor in the Fund should obtain the advice of his, her or its own legal, accounting, tax and other advisers in reviewing documents pertaining to an investment in the Fund, including, but not limited to, this Prospectus and the LLC Agreement before deciding to invest in the Fund.
DISTRIBUTOR
Neuberger Berman BD LLC, located at 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10104, acts as the distributor of the Fund’s Shares, pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions.
After the initial term of two (2) years, the Distribution Agreement will continue in effect with respect to the Fund for successive one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved by the Board or by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and in either case, also by a majority of the Board members who are not interested persons of the Fund or the Distributor.
The Distributor retains additional selling agents or other financial intermediaries to place Shares in the Fund. Such selling agents or other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on investor accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this Prospectus. Selling agents
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typically receive the sales load with respect to Class A-1 Shares purchased by their clients. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor impose an initial sales charge on Institutional Class or Class A-2 Shares, if a shareholder buys Class A-2 Shares through certain selling agents or financial intermediaries, such selling agent or financial intermediary may directly charge Shareholders transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Investors should consult their financial advisors at such selling agents or financial intermediaries. Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor shall pay its own costs and expenses connected with the sale of Shares.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Fund currently offers three classes of Shares: Institutional Class Shares, Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares. The Fund has received an exemptive order from the SEC that allows it to issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. The Fund may in the future offer other classes of Shares.
Shares of each class of the Fund represent an equal pro rata interest in the Fund and, generally, have identical voting, distribution, liquidation, and other rights, preferences, powers, restrictions, limitations, qualifications and terms and conditions, except that: (a) each class has a different designation; (b) each class of Shares bears any class-specific expenses; and (c) each class shall have separate voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders in which the interests of one class differ from the interests of any other class, and shall have exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders that relates solely to that class.
Consistent with the policies of the Shareholder’s financial intermediary, Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares of the Fund may be converted for Institutional Class Shares of the Fund if the investor and the relevant financial intermediary satisfies any then-applicable eligibility requirements for investment in Institutional Class Shares. Any such conversion will be effected at net asset value without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charges by the Fund.
Distribution and Servicing Plan and Fee
The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan for each of its Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares to pay to the Distributor a Distribution and Servicing Fee to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of Shareholders who own such shares. These activities include marketing and other activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Class A-1 Shares and Class A-2 Shares and activities related to administration and servicing of Class A-1 or Class A-2 accounts. Each Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act, which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1, as required by its exemptive relief, permitting the Fund to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares.
Under each Distribution and Servicing Plan, Class A-1 or Class A-2, as applicable, pays a Distribution and Servicing Fee to the Distributor at an annual rate of 0.70% based on the aggregate net assets of the Fund attributable to such class. The Distribution and Servicing Fee is paid out of the relevant class’s assets and decreases the net profits or increases the net losses of the Fund solely with respect to such class. Institutional Class Shares are not subject to the Distribution and Servicing Fee and do not bear any expenses associated therewith.
The following table sets forth the amounts paid by each applicable class of the Fund to the Distributor pursuant to the Distribution and Servicing Plan for the last three fiscal years ended March 31st:
 
2024
2025
2026
Class A-1 Shares
$797
$855
$946
Class A-2 Shares
$ 1,195,846
$ 3,411,7358
$ 5,185,444
Sales Load – Class A-1 Shares
Unless eligible for a sales load waiver, investors purchasing Class A-1 Shares will pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The sales load payable by each Shareholder depends upon the amount invested by such Shareholder in the Fund, but may be up to 3.50%.
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The sales load for Class A-1 Shares will be deducted out of the Shareholder’s subscription amount, and will not constitute part of Shareholder’s capital contribution to the Fund or part of the assets of the Fund. No sales load may be charged without the consent of the Distributor.
Investors may be able to buy Class A-1 Shares without a sales load, if applicable (i.e., “load-waived”), when they are:
(i)
reinvesting distributions;
(ii)
a current or former director of the Fund;
(iii)
an employee (including the employee’s spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings or any dependent of the employee, as defined in section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code) of the Adviser or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized to sell Class A-1 Shares of the Fund; or
(iv)
purchasing Class A-1 Shares through a financial services firm that has a special arrangement with the Fund.
In addition, the Fund will combine purchases of Class A-1 Shares made by a Shareholder, the Shareholder’s spouse or domestic partner, and dependent children when it calculates the applicable sales load.
It is the Shareholder’s responsibility to determine whether a reduced sales load would apply pursuant to the listed sales load waivers listed above, including by communicating with his or her employer or purchasing financial services firm, as applicable. The Fund is not responsible for making such determination. To receive a reduced sales load, notification must be provided at the time of the purchase order. Notice should be provided to the selling agent or financial intermediary through whom the purchase is made so they can notify the Fund and give the Fund sufficient information to permit the Distributor to confirm that the Shareholder qualifies for such a waiver.
No sales charges were received since the commencement of operations on March 1, 2022 for Class A-1 Shares.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
The Adviser, or its affiliates, including the Distributor, may pay additional compensation out of its own resources (i.e., not Fund assets) to certain selling agents or financial intermediaries in connection with the sale of Shares. The additional compensation may differ among selling agents or financial intermediaries in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of additional compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by common shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. Payments may be one-time payments or may be ongoing payments. As a result of the various payments that financial intermediaries may receive from the Adviser or its affiliates, the amount of compensation that a financial intermediary may receive in connection with the sale of Shares may be greater than the compensation it may receive for the distribution of other investment products. The receipt of the additional compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments.
PURCHASING SHARES
The following section provides basic information about how to purchase Shares of the Fund. The Distributor acts as the distributor of the Shares of the Fund on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions, pursuant to the terms of the Distribution Agreement. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Shares of the Fund. The Shares are continuously offered through the Distributor. Prospective investors who purchase Shares through financial intermediaries will be subject to the procedures of those intermediaries through which they purchase Shares, which may include charges, investment minimums, cutoff times and other restrictions in addition to, or different from, those listed herein. Information concerning any charges or services will be provided to customers by the financial intermediary through which they purchase Shares. Prospective investors purchasing shares of the Fund through financial intermediaries should acquaint themselves with their financial intermediaries’ procedures and should read this Prospectus in conjunction with any materials and information provided by their financial intermediaries.
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Shares generally are offered for purchase as of the first business day of each calendar month, except that Shares may be offered more or less frequently as determined by the Board in its sole discretion. For purposes of this Prospectus, a “Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which banks in New York, New York are required by law to be closed. Subscriptions are generally subject to the receipt of cleared funds on or prior to the acceptance date set by the Fund and notified to prospective investors. An investor who misses the acceptance date will have the acceptance of its investment in the Fund delayed until the following month. Except as otherwise permitted by the Board, initial and subsequent purchases of Shares will be payable in United States dollars.
The minimum initial investment in the Fund by any investor is $25,000, and the minimum additional investment in the Fund by any investor is $10,000, except for additional purchases pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan. The purchase price of the Shares is based on the net asset value as of the date such Shares are purchased.
Each initial or subsequent purchase of Shares will be payable in one installment which will generally be due 3 business days prior to the date of the proposed acceptance of the purchase set by the Fund, which is expected to be the last day of each calendar month, where funds are remitted by wire transfer.
A prospective investor is required to review, complete, and execute a subscription document. The subscription document is designed to provide the Fund with important information about the prospective investor. A prospective investor must submit a completed subscription document at least 5 business days before the acceptance date. The Fund reserves the right to accept or reject, in its sole discretion, any request to purchase Shares at any time. The Fund reserves the right to close an account, or suspend account privileges, including freezing an account, if the Fund believes or suspects that not doing so could result in a suspicious, fraudulent or illegal transaction. The Fund also reserves the right to suspend or terminate offerings of Shares at any time. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, any amount received in advance of a purchase ultimately rejected by the Fund will be returned promptly to the prospective investor without the deduction of any sales load, fees or expenses. Prospective investors whose purchases are rejected by the Fund will receive a pro rata share of any interest earned on the amounts placed in escrow prior to acceptance, if applicable. Although the Fund may, in its sole discretion, elect to accept a subscription prior to receipt of cleared funds, a prospective investor will not become a Shareholder until cleared funds have been received. In the event that cleared funds and/or a properly completed subscription document are not received from a prospective investor prior to the cut-off dates pertaining to a particular offering, the Fund may hold the relevant funds and subscription document for processing in the next offering.
Pending any closing, funds received from prospective investors will be placed in an account with UMB Bank, N.A. On the date of any closing, the balance in the account with respect to each investor whose investment is accepted will be invested in the Fund on behalf of such investor. Any interest earned with respect to such account will be paid to the Fund and allocated pro rata among Shareholders.
Prospective investors whose subscriptions to purchase Shares are accepted by the Fund will become Shareholders by being admitted as Shareholders. An existing Shareholder generally may subscribe for additional Shares by completing an additional subscription agreement by the acceptance date and funding such amount by the deadline.
CLOSED-END FUND STRUCTURE; NO RIGHT OF REDEMPTION
The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds in that closed-end funds do not redeem their shares at the request of an investor. No Shareholder has the right to require the Fund to redeem his, her or its Shares. No public market for the Shares exists, and none is expected to develop in the future. As a result, Shareholders may not be able to liquidate their investment other than through repurchases of Shares by the Fund, as described below. Accordingly, Shareholders should consider that they may not have access to the funds they invested in the Fund for an indefinite period of time.
TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Transfer of Shares may be made only with the prior written consent of the Board, which may be withheld in the Board’s sole discretion. In certain circumstances set forth in the LLC Agreement, a Shareholder may be required to withdraw entirely from the Fund.
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Notice of a proposed transfer of Shares must be accompanied by properly completed transfer information documents in respect of the proposed transferee and must include evidence satisfactory to the Board that the proposed transferee, at the time of the transfer, meets any requirements imposed by the Fund with respect to investor eligibility and suitability.
REPURCHASE OF SHARES
At the sole discretion of the Board, the Fund may from time to time provide Shareholders with a limited degree of liquidity by offering to repurchase Shares pursuant to written tenders by Shareholders. Repurchase offers, if any, will be made to all holders of Shares. The Investment Adviser expects to recommend to the Board that, under normal market circumstances, the Fund conduct repurchase offers of no more than 5% of the Fund’s net assets on a quarterly basis commencing on or about February 28, May 31, August 31 and November 30 of each year.
Subject to the considerations described above, the aggregate value of Shares to be repurchased at any time will be determined by the Board in its sole discretion, and such amount may be stated as a percentage of the value of the Fund’s outstanding Shares. Therefore, the Fund may determine not to conduct a repurchase offer at a time that the Fund normally conducts a repurchase offer. The Fund may also elect to repurchase less than the full amount that a Shareholder requests to be repurchased. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed by Shareholders, the Fund will repurchase only a pro rata portion of the Shares tendered by each Shareholder.
In certain circumstances the Board may determine not to conduct a repurchase offer, or to conduct a repurchase offer of less than 5% of the Fund’s net assets. In particular, during periods of financial market stress, the Board may determine that some or all of the Fund’s investments cannot be liquidated at their fair value, making a determination not to conduct repurchase offers more likely. Under certain circumstances, the Board may offer to repurchase Shares at a discount to their prevailing net asset value.
If during any consecutive 24-month period, the Fund does not have at least one repurchase offer in which the Fund accepts 100% of all repurchase requests properly submitted prior to the expiration date as provided in the Fund’s Offer to Purchase, but not repurchase requests properly submitted in connection with any extension of such repurchase offer, the Investment Adviser shall promptly inform the Board that it will not make any new investments of the Fund’s capital in Portfolio Funds or Direct Investments, other than Direct Investments, that at the time of investment, are determined to be readily marketable by the Investment Adviser, and will seek to preserve capital available for investing to accept properly submitted repurchase requests until such time as the Fund conducts one repurchase offer where all properly submitted repurchase requests are accepted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Investment Adviser will not be restricted from using Fund assets to (i) make investments in any transaction for which agreements have been signed or commitments made, including follow-on investments made in existing portfolio companies or successor investments vehicles thereto (e.g., continuation funds); (ii) as necessary for the Fund to preserve its status as a RIC under the Code, to avoid non-compliance with Applicable Law or as otherwise deemed by the Investment Adviser to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duty to the Fund; (iii) to fund the Fund’s operations, (as well as to establish reserves to meet such needs), including, without limitation, the following: operating expenses, taxes and insurance, debt financing expenses, obligations imposed by law, courts, or arbitration, customary general and administrative expenses, management and incentive fees and other fees payable to the Investment Adviser as described in the Prospectus, or shareholder distributions.
In the event that the Fund invests more of its capital available for investing in cash, cash equivalents, and/or other liquid securities, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected. Further, the Fund may be unable to pursue or achieve its investment objective when investing its available capital in cash, cash equivalents, and/or liquid securities.
There will be a substantial period of time between the date as of which Shareholders must submit a request to have their Shares repurchased and the date they can expect to receive payment for their Shares from the Fund.
The Fund will provide payment with respect to at least 95% of the repurchase offer proceeds within 65 days of the Expiration Date (as defined below) of each repurchase offer, and may hold back up to 5% of repurchase offer proceeds until after the completion of the Fund’s audit for the fiscal year in which the applicable repurchase is effected. Any such proceeds that are held back will be paid no later than 5 business days after the completion of such audit. Shareholders whose Shares are accepted for repurchase bear the risk that the Fund’s net asset value may fluctuate significantly between the time that they submit their repurchase requests and the date as of which such Shares are valued for purposes of such repurchase.
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Repurchase of Shares Procedures
The following is a summary of the procedures expected to be employed by the Fund in connection with the repurchase of Shares. Additional information with respect to such process will be included in the materials provided by the Fund to Shareholders in connection with each repurchase offer. If the Board determines that the Fund will offer to repurchase Shares, written notice will be provided to Shareholders that describes the commencement date of the repurchase offer, specifies the date on which repurchase requests must be received by the Fund, and contains other terms and information that Shareholders should consider in deciding whether and how to participate in such repurchase opportunity.
The Fund will repurchase Shares from Shareholders pursuant to written tenders on terms and conditions that the Board determines to be fair to the Fund and to all Shareholders. When the Board determines that the Fund will repurchase Shares, notice will be provided to Shareholders describing the terms of the offer, containing information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to participate in the repurchase opportunity and containing information on how to participate. The amount due to any Shareholder whose Shares are repurchased generally will be equal to the value of the Shareholder’s Shares being repurchased, based on the Fund’s net asset value, as of the Valuation Date (as defined below), after reduction for all fees and expenses of the Fund for all periods through the Valuation Date (including, without limitation, the Advisory Fee, any Distribution and Servicing Fee, any Incentive Fee and any Early Repurchase Fee), any required U.S. federal tax withholding and other liabilities of the Fund to the extent accrued or otherwise attributable to the Shares being repurchased.
Each repurchase offer generally is expected to commence approximately 30 days prior to the last business day of each calendar quarter, or on such other day as determined by the Board, in its sole discretion (the last business day of each such calendar quarter or such other day being a “Valuation Date”). The expiration date of a repurchase offer (the “Expiration Date”) will be a date set by the Board occurring no sooner than 20 business days after the commencement date of the repurchase offer, provided that such Expiration Date may be extended by the Board in its sole discretion. The Fund generally will not accept any repurchase request received by it or its designated agent after the Expiration Date. Fund Shares are expected to be repurchased within 60 days following the relevant Valuation Date (such date, the “Repurchase Date”), and will be effected as of such Valuation Date. As such, the Repurchase Date for each repurchase offer should occur within 65 calendar days after the Expiration Date of such offer.
The Fund generally expects to repurchase its Shares with cash, although it reserves the ability to issue payment for the repurchase of Shares through a distribution of portfolio securities. The Fund does not generally expect to distribute securities as payment for repurchased Shares except in unusual circumstances, including if making a cash payment would result in a material adverse effect on the Fund or the Shareholders, or if the Fund has received distributions and/or proceeds from its investments in the form of securities that are transferable to Shareholders. Securities which are distributed in-kind in connection with a repurchase of Shares may be illiquid. Any in-kind distribution of securities will be valued in accordance with the Fund’s valuation procedures and will be distributed to all tendering Shareholders on a proportional basis. Payments in cash for repurchased Shares may require the Fund to liquidate certain Fund investments earlier than the Adviser otherwise would liquidate such holdings, potentially resulting in losses, and may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover. The Fund may, but need not, maintain cash or borrow money to meet repurchase requests. Such a practice could increase the Fund’s operating expenses and impact the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Each Shareholder whose Shares have been accepted for repurchase will continue to be a Shareholder of the Fund until the Valuation Date (and thereafter if the Shareholder retains Shares following such repurchase) and may exercise its voting rights with respect to the repurchased Shares until the Valuation Date. Moreover, the account maintained in respect of a Shareholder whose Shares have been accepted for repurchase will be adjusted for the net profits or net losses of the Fund through the Valuation Date, and such Shareholder’s account shall not be adjusted for the amount withdrawn, as a result of the repurchase, prior to the Valuation Date.
Following the commencement of an offer to repurchase Shares, the Fund may suspend, postpone or terminate such offer in certain circumstances upon the determination of a majority of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Managers, that such suspension, postponement or termination is advisable for the Fund and its Shareholders, including, without limitation, circumstances as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to dispose of its investments or to determine its net asset value, and other unusual circumstances. Shareholders have the right to withdraw their written tenders after the expiration of forty business days from the commencement of the offer, if not yet accepted by the Fund for payment.
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The Board has discretion to hold back a portion of the amount due to tendering Shareholders, which shall not exceed 5% of the total amount due to such Shareholders. The second and final payment for the balance due shall be paid no later than 5 business days after the completion of the annual audit of the Fund’s financial statements for the fiscal year in which the applicable repurchase is effected, with such balance being subject to adjustment as a result of the Fund’s annual audit or as a result of any other corrections to the Fund’s net asset value as of the Valuation Date for the repurchase. If, based upon the results of the annual audit of the financial statements of the Fund for the fiscal year in which the Valuation Date of such repurchase occurred, it is determined that the value at which the Shares were repurchased was incorrect, the Fund shall decrease such Shareholder’s account balance by the amount of any overpayment and redeem for no additional consideration a number of Shares having a value equal to such amount, or increase such Shareholder’s account balance by the amount of any underpayment and issue for no additional consideration a number of Shares having an aggregate value equal to such amount, as applicable, in each case as promptly as practicable following the completion of such audits.
A 2.00% Early Repurchase Fee will be charged by the Fund with respect to any repurchase of Shares from a Shareholder at any time prior to the day immediately preceding the one-year anniversary of the Shareholder’s purchase of the Shares. Shares tendered for repurchase will be treated as having been repurchased on a “first in-first out” basis. Therefore, Shares repurchased will be deemed to have been taken from the earliest purchase of Shares by such Shareholder (adjusted for subsequent net profits and net losses) until all such Shares have been repurchased, and then from each subsequent purchase of Shares by such Shareholder (adjusted for subsequent net profits and net losses) until such Shares are repurchased. An Early Repurchase Fee payable by a Shareholder may be waived by the Fund in circumstances where the Board determines that doing so is in the best interest of the Fund. Other than the Early Repurchase Fee, the Fund does not presently intend to impose any charges on the repurchase of Shares. However, the Fund is permitted to allocate Shareholders, whose Shares are repurchased, costs and charges imposed by Portfolio Funds or otherwise incurred in connection with the Fund’s investments, if the Adviser determines to liquidate such Shares as a result of repurchase tenders by Shareholders and such charges are imposed on the Fund. In the event that any such charges are allocated to the Fund, and subject to applicable law, the Fund may allocate such charges to the Shareholders whose repurchase tenders resulted in the repurchase of a portion of the Shares that resulted in such charges.
A Shareholder who tenders some but not all of its Shares for repurchase will be required to maintain a minimum account balance of $10,000. Such minimum ownership requirement may be waived by the Board, in its sole discretion. The Fund reserves the right to reduce the amount to be repurchased from a Shareholder so that the required capital balance is maintained.
In the event that the Adviser or any of its affiliates holds Shares in its capacity as a Shareholder, such Shares may be tendered for repurchase in connection with any repurchase offer made by the Fund, without notice to the other Shareholders.
The repurchase of Shares is subject to regulatory requirements imposed by the SEC. The Fund’s repurchase procedures are intended to comply with such requirements. However, in the event that the Board determines that modification of the repurchase procedures described above is required or appropriate, the Board will adopt revised repurchase procedures as necessary to ensure the Fund’s compliance with applicable regulations or as the Board in its sole discretion deems appropriate.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund has elected to qualify, and intends to continue to qualify annually, as a RIC under the Code and intends to distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income which is (generally, the Fund’s net ordinary income plus realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses), if any, earned during the year to its Shareholders on an annual basis. Distributions may also include net capital gains, if any. For any distribution, the Fund will calculate each Shareholder’s specific distribution amount for the period using record and declaration dates. From time to time, the Fund may also pay special interim distributions in the form of cash, portfolio securities, or Shares at the discretion of the Board.
The Fund may finance its cash distributions to Shareholders from any sources of funds available to the Fund, including offering proceeds, borrowings, net investment income from operations, capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets (including fund investments), non-capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets (including fund
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investments), dividends or other distributions paid to the Fund on account of preferred and common equity investments by the Fund in Portfolio Funds and/or Direct Investments and expense reimbursements from the Adviser. The Fund has not established limits on the amount of funds the Fund may use from available sources to make distributions.
Each year a statement on IRS Form 1099-DIV (or successor form), identifying the character (e.g., as ordinary income, qualified dividend income or long-term capital gain) of the distributions, will be mailed to Shareholders. The Fund’s distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. As a result, a portion of the distributions the Fund makes may represent a return of capital for U.S. federal tax purposes. A return of capital generally is a return of your investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities and will be made after deduction of the fees and expenses payable in connection with the offering, including any fees payable to the Adviser. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” for more information. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
Shareholders will automatically have all distributions reinvested in Shares of the Fund issued by the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan unless an election is made to receive cash. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
The Fund has adopted an “opt-out” dividend reinvestment plan or “DRIP” pursuant to which all Shareholders will have the full amount of their cash distributions reinvested in additional Shares unless a Shareholder elects otherwise. Any distributions of the Fund’s Shares pursuant to the DRIP are dependent on the continued registration of the Fund’s securities or the availability of an exemption from registration in the recipient’s home state. Participants in the DRIP are free to elect to participate or terminate participation in the DRIP within a reasonable time as specified below.
If you elect not to participate in the DRIP, you will receive any distributions the Fund declares in cash. For example, if the Board authorizes, and the Fund declares, a distribution, then unless you have “opted-out” of the DRIP, you will have your cash distributions reinvested in additional Shares, rather than receiving the cash distributions. The Fund expects to coordinate distribution payment dates so that the same net asset value that is used for the monthly closing date immediately preceding such distribution payment date will be used to calculate the purchase net asset value for purchasers under the DRIP. Shares issued pursuant to the DRIP will have the same voting rights as the Fund’s Shares acquired by subscription to the Fund.
If you wish to participate in the DRIP and receive your distribution in additional Shares, no action will be required on your part to do so. Shareholders that wish to receive their distributions in cash may do so by making a written election to not participate in the DRIP by making an election in the Fund’s subscription document or by notifying the Administrator in writing at the Fund, c/o UMB Fund Services, Inc., 235 West Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212 or by email at AIProcessing@umb.com. Such written notice must be received by the Administrator 90 days prior to the record date of the distribution or the Shareholder will receive such distribution in shares through the DRIP. If Shares are held by a broker or other financial intermediary, in some circumstances a Shareholder may “opt out” of the DRIP by notifying its broker or other financial intermediary of such election. Please check with your broker or other financial intermediary for more details.
There are no selling commissions, dealer manager fees or other sales charges to you as a result of your participation in the DRIP. The Fund pays the Administrator’s fees under the DRIP. If you receive your ordinary cash distributions in the form of Shares as part of the DRIP, you generally are subject to the same U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences as you would be had you elected to receive your distributions in cash.
Your basis for determining gain or loss upon the sale of Shares received in a distribution from the Fund will be equal to the total dollar amount of the distribution payable in cash. Any Shares received in a distribution will have a holding period for tax purposes commencing on the day following the day on which the Shares are credited to your account. The Fund reserves the right to suspend or limit at any time the ability of investors to reinvest distributions, and to require investors to receive all distributions in cash, or to limit the maximum amount that may be reinvested, either as a dollar amount or as a percentage of distributions. The Fund may determine to do so if, for example, the
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amount being reinvested by investors exceeds the available investment opportunities that the Adviser considers suitable for the Fund. You may terminate your account under the DRIP by notifying the Administrator at UMB Fund Services, Inc., 235 West Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212, or by calling the Administrator at (844) 448-4480.
All correspondence concerning the DRIP should be directed to the Administrator by mail at UMB Fund Services, Inc., 235 West Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212, or by calling the Administrator at (844) 448-4480.
The Fund may elect to make non-cash distributions to Shareholders. Such distributions are not subject to the DRIP, and all Shareholders, regardless of whether or not they are participants in the DRIP, will receive such distributions in additional Shares of the Fund.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES
The Fund is a Delaware limited liability company formed on July 10, 2020. The Fund has received an exemptive order from the SEC that allows it to issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However, the minimum investment amounts, sales loads, if applicable, and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class may be different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” The details of each class of Shares are set forth in “Plan of Distribution.”
There is currently no market for the Shares, and the Fund does not expect that a market for the Shares will develop in the foreseeable future.
Any additional offerings of classes of Shares will require approval by the Board. Any additional offering of classes of Shares will also be subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act, which provides that such Shares may not be issued at a price below the then current net asset value, exclusive of the sales load, except in connection with an offering to existing holders of Shares or with the consent of a majority of the Fund’s common shareholders.
The following table shows the amounts of Shares that have been authorized and outstanding as of June 30, 2026:
Share Class
Amount
Authorized
Amount
Held by the
Fund or for
its Account
Amount
Outstanding
Institutional Class Shares
Unlimited
None
86,593,085
Class A-1 Shares
Unlimited
None
9,475
Class A-2 Shares
Unlimited
None
59,460,272
CERTAIN PROVISIONS IN THE LLC AGREEMENT
An investor in the Fund will be a Shareholder of the Fund and his or her rights in the Fund will be established and governed by the LLC Agreement. A prospective investor and his or her advisors should carefully review the LLC Agreement as each Shareholder will agree to be bound by its terms and conditions. The following is a summary description of additional items and of select provisions of the LLC Agreement that may not be described elsewhere in this Prospectus. The description of such items and provisions is not definitive and reference should be made to the complete text of the LLC Agreement.
Liability of Shareholders
Under Delaware law and the LLC Agreement, all debts, obligations and liabilities of the Fund, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Fund, and no Shareholder shall be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Fund solely by reason of being a Shareholder. Except for the obligations set forth under the LLC Agreement and under the Shareholder’s subscription agreement, the liability of a Shareholder shall be limited to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, as from time to time amended (the “LLC Act”). If a Shareholder is required under the LLC Act to return to the Fund or pay, for the benefit of creditors of the Fund, amounts previously distributed to such Shareholder, the obligation of such Shareholder to return or pay any such amount to the Fund shall be the obligation of such Shareholder and not the obligation of the Managers.
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Limitation of Liability; Indemnification
None of the Indemnified Persons shall have any liability, responsibility or accountability in damages or otherwise to any Shareholder or the Fund for, and the Fund agrees, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to indemnify, pay, protect and hold harmless each Indemnified Person from and against, any and all Indemnified Liabilities; provided that the Fund shall not be liable to any Indemnified Person for any portion of any Indemnified Liabilities which results from such Indemnified Person’s willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of his, her or its duties or by reason of his, her or its reckless disregard of his, her or its obligations and duties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no waiver or release of personal liability of any Indemnified Person will be effective to waive any liabilities of such Indemnified Persons under the U.S. federal securities laws to the extent any such waiver or release is void under Section 14 of the Securities Act.
Amendment of the LLC Agreement
The LLC Agreement may generally be amended, in whole or in part, with the approval of a majority of the Board and without the approval of the Shareholders unless the approval of Shareholders is required under the Investment Company Act or other applicable law. However, certain amendments require the approval of Shareholders, including but not limited to the following: (i) no amendment to the LLC Agreement shall adversely and disproportionately affect the rights or obligations of a Shareholder, including the rights or obligations of a Shareholder as compared to any other Shareholder of the same class, in any material respect without the approval of Shareholders who in the aggregate own more than 50% of the outstanding Shares (a “Majority in Interest”) of the affected Shareholders; (ii) no amendment shall adversely and disproportionately affect the rights or obligations of Shareholders of any particular class as compared to the Shareholders in other classes in any material respect without the approval of a Majority in Interest of the Shareholders in the affected class; and (iii) no amendment shall without the approval of the affected Shareholder, increase the obligations of such Shareholder to make capital contributions or other payments beyond the obligations of such Shareholder to make capital contributions or other payments as set forth in the LLC Agreement, or adversely affect the limited liability of such Shareholder.
Term, Dissolution, and Liquidation
The Fund shall be dissolved upon:
(1)
the affirmative vote to dissolve the Fund by either (i) a majority of the Board, or (ii) Shareholders who in the aggregate own more than 75% of the outstanding Shares;
(2)
the sale or other disposition at any one time of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund; and
(3)
a decree of dissolution entered against the Fund under the LLC Act.
On dissolution of the Fund, a liquidator shall be selected by the Board, if still constituted, or otherwise shall be a person proposed and approved by a Majority in Interest of the Shareholders. Those Fund assets that the liquidator determines should be liquidated shall be liquidated as promptly as possible, but in an orderly and business-like manner to maximize proceeds. Assets that the liquidator determines to distribute in kind shall be so distributed in a manner consistent with applicable law. If the liquidator determines that an immediate sale at the time of liquidation of all or part of the Fund’s assets would be unduly disadvantageous to the Shareholders, the liquidator may either defer liquidation and retain the assets for a reasonable time, or distribute the assets to the Shareholders in kind. The liquidator shall then wind up the affairs of the Fund and distribute the proceeds of the Fund in the following order or priority: (i) to the payment of the expenses of liquidation and to creditors (including Shareholders who are creditors, to the extent permitted by law) in satisfaction of liabilities of the Fund other than liabilities for distributions to Shareholders, in the order of priority as provided by law; then (ii) to the setting up of any reserves that the liquidator may deem necessary or appropriate for any anticipated obligations or contingencies of the Fund or of the liquidator arising out of or in connection with the operation or business of the Fund. Such reserves may be paid over by the liquidator to an escrow agent or trustee proposed and approved by the liquidator to be disbursed by such escrow agent or trustee in payment of any of the aforementioned obligations or contingencies and, if any balance remains at the expiration of such period as the liquidator shall deem advisable, to be distributed by such escrow agent or trustee in the manner hereinafter provided; and then (iii) to the Shareholders or their legal representatives in accordance with the provisions in the LLC Agreement relating to distributions.
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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund, to its qualification and taxation as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Subchapter M of the Code, and to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the Fund’s Shares. This discussion applies only to beneficial owners that acquire the Fund’s Shares in this offering at the offering price.
This discussion does not purport to be a complete description of the tax considerations applicable to the Fund or its Shareholders. In particular, this discussion does not address certain considerations that may be relevant to certain types of holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, including Shareholders that are not U.S. Shareholders (as defined below), Shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, private college and university endowments, charitable remainder trusts, Shareholders that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, dealers in securities, traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings, pension plans and trusts, financial institutions, a person that holds the Fund’s Shares as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), RICs, U.S. persons with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, Shareholders that are not U.S. Shareholders (as defined below) engaged in a trade or business in the United States or entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable income tax treaty, persons who have ceased to be U.S. citizens or to be taxed as residents of the United States, controlled foreign corporations (“CFCs”), and passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”). This discussion does not discuss any aspects of U.S. estate or gift tax or foreign, state or local tax nor does it discuss the special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws that could result if the Fund invests in tax-exempt securities or certain other investment assets or realizes such income through investments in Portfolio Funds that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes (other than certain publicly traded partnerships), or are otherwise treated as disregarded from the Fund for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This discussion is limited to Shareholders that hold the Fund’s Shares as capital assets (within the meaning of the Code), and does not address owners of a Shareholder. This discussion is based upon the Code, its legislative history, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations, published rulings and court decisions, each as of the date of this Prospectus and all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations, possibly retroactively, which could affect the continuing validity of this discussion. The Fund has not sought, and will not seek any ruling from the IRS regarding any matter discussed herein, and this discussion is not binding on the IRS. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS would not assert, and that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax consequences discussed herein.
For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Shareholder” is a beneficial owner of the Fund’s Shares that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
a trust, if a court within the United States has primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons (as defined in the Code) have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or if the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or
an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.
If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds the Fund’s Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Prospective beneficial owners of the Fund’s Shares that are partnerships or partners in such partnerships are urged to consult their tax advisers with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Fund’s Shares.
Tax matters are complicated and the tax consequences to a Shareholder of an investment in the Fund’s Shares will depend on the facts of such Shareholder’s particular situation. Shareholders are strongly encouraged to consult their own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition (including by reason of a repurchase) of the Fund’s Shares, as well as the effect of state, local and foreign tax laws, and the effect of any possible changes in tax laws.
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Election to be Taxed as a Regulated Investment Company
The Fund has elected to be treated, and intends to operate in a manner so as to continuously qualify annually thereafter, as a RIC under the Code. The Fund has made an election to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes in order to make a valid RIC election. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that the Fund timely distributes (or is deemed to timely distribute) to its Shareholders as dividends. Instead, dividends the Fund distributes (or is deemed to timely distribute) to Shareholders generally will be taxable to Shareholders, and any net operating losses, foreign tax credits and most other tax attributes generally will not pass through to Shareholders. The Fund will be subject to U.S. federal corporate-level income tax on any undistributed income and gains. To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, the Fund must distribute to its Shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (which generally is the Fund’s net ordinary taxable income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction) (the “Annual Distribution Requirement”) for any taxable year. The following discussion assumes that the Fund qualifies as a RIC.
The Fund’s qualification and taxation as a RIC depends upon its ability to satisfy on a continuing basis, through actual, annual operating results, distribution, income and asset, and other requirements imposed under the Code. However, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to meet the complex and varied tests required to qualify as a RIC or to avoid corporate level tax. In addition, because the relevant laws may change, compliance with one or more of the RIC requirements may be impossible or impracticable.
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company
If the Fund (1) qualifies as a RIC and (2) satisfies the Annual Distribution Requirement, then the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain (realized net long-term capital gain in excess of realized net short term capital loss) that the Fund timely distributes (or is deemed to timely distribute) to Shareholders. The Fund will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular corporate rate on any of its income or capital gains not distributed (or deemed distributed) to its Shareholders.
If the Fund fails to distribute in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year (or November 30 or December 31 of that year if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects) and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, in the preceding years (to the extent that income tax was not imposed on such amounts) less certain over-distributions in prior years (together, the “Excise Tax Distribution Requirements”), the Fund will be subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on the portion of the undistributed amounts of such income that are less than the amounts required to be distributed based on the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements. For this purpose, however, any ordinary income or capital gain net income retained by the Fund that is subject to corporate income tax for the tax year ending in that calendar year will be considered to have been distributed by year end (or earlier if estimated taxes are paid). The Fund currently intends to make sufficient distributions each taxable year to satisfy the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements.
To qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund generally must, among other things:
Elect to be treated and qualify as a registered management company under the Investment Company Act at all times during each taxable year;
derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale of stock, other securities or foreign currencies (including certain deemed inclusions) derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in such stock, securities, foreign currencies or other income, or (b) net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (“QPTP”) (collectively, the “90% Gross Income Test”); and
diversify its holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year:
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at least 50% of the value of its assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities that, with respect to any issuer, do not represent more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer; and
no more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the (i) securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, of one issuer or of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under the Code, by the Fund and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or (ii) securities of one or more QPTPs (collectively, the “Diversification Tests”).
The Fund has an opt-out DRIP. The tax consequences to Shareholders of participating in the DRIP are discussed below – “Taxation of U.S. Shareholders.”
The Fund may have investments, either directly or through the Portfolio Funds, that require income to be included in investment company taxable income in a year prior to the year in which the Fund (or the Portfolio Funds) actually receives a corresponding amount of cash in respect of such income. For example, if the Portfolio Funds hold, directly or indirectly, corporate stock with respect to which Section 305 of the Code requires inclusion in income of amounts of deemed dividends even if no cash distribution is made, the Fund must include in its taxable income in each year the full amount of its applicable share of these deemed dividends. Additionally, if the Fund holds, directly or indirectly through the Portfolio Funds, debt obligations that are treated under applicable U.S. federal income tax rules as having original issue discount (“OID”) (such as debt instruments with “payment in kind” interest or, in certain cases, that have increasing interest rates or are issued with warrants), the Fund must include in its taxable income in each year a portion of the OID that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether the Fund receives cash representing such income in the same taxable year. The Fund may also have to include in its taxable income other amounts that it has not yet received in cash but has been allocated by the Portfolio Funds, such as accruals on a contingent payment debt instrument or deferred loan origination fees that are paid after origination of the loan or are paid in non-cash compensation such as warrants or stock.
A RIC is limited in its ability to deduct expenses in excess of its investment company taxable income. If the Fund’s deductible expenses in a given year exceed its investment company taxable income, the Fund will have a net operating loss for that year. A RIC is not able to offset its investment company taxable income with net operating losses on either a carryforward or carryback basis, and net operating losses generally will not pass through to Shareholders. In addition, expenses may be used only to offset investment company taxable income, and may not be used to offset net capital gain. A RIC may not use any net capital losses (i.e., realized capital losses in excess of realized capital gains) to offset its investment company taxable income, but may carry forward those losses, and use them to offset future capital gains, indefinitely. Further, a RIC’s deduction of net business interest expense is limited to 30% of its “adjustable taxable income” plus “floor plan financing interest expense.” It is not expected that any portion of any underwriting or similar fee will be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the Fund or the Shareholders. Due to these limits on the deductibility of expenses, net capital losses and business interest expenses, the Fund may, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, have aggregate taxable income for several years that the Fund is required to distribute and that is taxable to Shareholders even if this income is greater than the aggregate net income the Fund actually earned during those years.
In order to enable the Fund to make distributions to Shareholders that will be sufficient to enable the Fund to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements in the event that the circumstances described in the preceding two paragraphs apply, the Fund may need to liquidate or sell some of its assets at times or at prices that the Fund would not consider advantageous, the Fund may need to raise additional equity or debt capital, the Fund may need to take out loans, or the Fund may need to forego new investment opportunities or otherwise take actions that are disadvantageous to the Fund’s business (or be unable to take actions that are advantageous to its business). Even if the Fund is authorized to borrow and to sell assets in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements, under the Investment Company Act, the Fund generally is not permitted to make distributions to its Shareholders while its debt obligations and senior securities are outstanding unless certain “asset coverage” tests or other financial covenants are met.
If the Fund is unable to obtain cash from other sources to enable it to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement, the Fund may fail to qualify for the U.S. federal income tax benefits allowable to RICs and, thus, become subject to a corporate-level U.S. federal income tax (and any applicable state and local taxes). Although the Fund expects
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to operate in a manner so as to qualify continuously as a RIC, the Fund may decide in the future to be taxed as a “C” corporation, even if the Fund would otherwise qualify as a RIC, if the Fund determines that such treatment as a C corporation for a particular year would be in the Fund’s best interest.
If the Fund is unable to obtain cash from other sources to enable it to satisfy the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements, it may be subject to an additional tax. However, no assurances can be given that the Fund will not be subject to the Excise Tax and, it may choose in certain circumstances to pay the Excise Tax as opposed to making an additional distribution.
For the purpose of determining whether the Fund satisfies the 90% Gross Income Test and the Diversification Tests, the character of the Fund’s distributive share of items of income, gain, losses, deductions and credits derived through any investments in companies that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes (other than certain publicly traded partnerships), such as the Portfolio Funds, or are otherwise treated as disregarded from the Fund for U.S. federal income tax purposes, generally will be determined as if the Fund realized these tax items directly.
Further, for purposes of calculating the value of the Fund’s investment in the securities of an issuer for purposes of determining the 25% requirement of the Diversification Tests, the Fund’s proper proportion of any investment in the securities of that issuer that are held by a member of the Fund’s “controlled group” must be aggregated with the Fund’s investment in that issuer. A controlled group is one or more chains of corporations connected through stock ownership with the Fund if (a) at least 20% of the total combined voting power of all classes of voting stock of each of the corporations is owned directly by one or more of the other corporations, and (b) the Fund directly owns at least 20% or more of the combined voting stock of at least one of the other corporations.
Failure to Qualify as a Regulated Investment Company
If the Fund, otherwise qualifying as a RIC, fails to satisfy the 90% Gross Income Test for any taxable year or the Diversification Tests for any quarter of the taxable year, the Fund may continue to be taxed as a RIC for the relevant taxable year if certain relief provisions of the Code apply (which might, among other things, require the Fund to pay certain corporate-level U.S. federal taxes or to dispose of certain assets). If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for more than two consecutive taxable years and then seeks to re-qualify as a RIC, the Fund would generally be required to recognize gain to the extent of any unrealized appreciation in its assets unless the Fund elects to pay U.S. corporate income tax on any such unrealized appreciation during the succeeding 5-year period.
If the Fund were to fail to meet the income, diversification, or distribution tests described above, the Fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying a fund-level tax, paying interest, making additional distributions, or disposing of certain assets. If the Fund fails to qualify for treatment as a RIC in any taxable year and is not eligible for relief provisions, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on all of its taxable income at the regular corporate U.S. federal income tax rate and would be subject to any applicable state and local taxes, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to Shareholders. The Fund would not be able to deduct distributions to its Shareholders, nor would distributions to Shareholders be required to be made for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Any distributions the Fund makes generally would be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary dividend income and, subject to certain limitations under the Code, would be eligible for the current maximum rate applicable to qualifying dividend income of individuals and other non-corporate U.S. Shareholders, to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, U.S. Shareholders that are corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Fund’s Shares, and any remaining distributions would be treated as capital gain.
The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund will continuously qualify as a RIC for each taxable year.
The Fund’s Investments—General
Certain of the Fund’s investment practices may be subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (1) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income as non-qualified dividend income, (2) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (3) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gain into higher-taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (4) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited),
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(5) cause it to recognize income or gain without receipt of a corresponding cash payment, (6) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (7) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions and (8) produce income that will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Gross Income Test. The Fund intends to monitor its transactions and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the effects of these provisions; however, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be eligible for any such tax elections or that any elections it makes will fully mitigate the effects of these provisions.
The tax treatment of certain positions entered into by the Fund, including regulated futures contracts, certain foreign currency positions and certain listed non-equity options, will be governed by section 1256 of the Code (“section 1256 contracts”). Gains or losses on section 1256 contracts generally are considered 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gains or losses (“60/40”), although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as ordinary in character. Also, section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of each taxable year (and, for purposes of the 4% excise tax, on certain other dates as prescribed under the Code) are “marked to market” with the result that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized and the resulting gain or loss is treated as ordinary or 60/40 gain or loss, as applicable.
Investments in Partnerships
Unless otherwise indicated, references in this discussion to the Fund’s investments, activities, income, gain and loss, include both the direct investments, activities, income, gain and loss of the Fund, as well as those indirectly attributable to the Fund as a result of the Fund’s investment in any partnership (or other entity) that is properly classified as a partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and not an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes).
Securities and Other Financial Assets
Gain or loss recognized by the Fund from warrants or other securities and other financial assets acquired by it, as well as any loss attributable to the lapse of options, warrants, or other financial assets taxed as options generally will be treated as capital gain or loss. Such gain or loss generally will be long-term or short-term depending on how long the Fund held a particular warrant, security or other financial asset.
The Fund may invest in securities that have been rated below investment grade by independent rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for us. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary to seek to ensure that the Fund distributes sufficient income in order to avoid the imposition of any material U.S. federal income or excise tax liability.
The Fund and the companies the Fund invests in will be generally subject to certain leverage limitations regarding the deductibility of interest expense for federal income tax purposes.
A Portfolio Fund in which the Fund invests may face financial difficulties that require the Fund to work-out, modify or otherwise restructure its investment in Portfolio Fund. Any such transaction could, depending upon the specific terms of the transaction, cause the Fund to recognize taxable income without a corresponding receipt of cash, which could affect its ability to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements or result in unusable capital losses and future non-cash income. Any such transaction could also result in the Fund receiving assets that give rise to non-qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Gross Income Test.
Non-U.S. Investments, Including PFICs and CFCs
The Fund’s investment in non-U.S. securities may be subject to non-U.S. income, withholding and other taxes. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a U.S. foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to non-U.S. taxes paid by the Fund.
If the Fund purchases shares in a PFIC, it may be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a portion of any “excess distribution” received on, or any gain from the disposition of, such shares even if the Fund distributes such income
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as a taxable dividend to Shareholders. Additional charges in the nature of interest generally will be imposed on the Fund in respect of deferred taxes arising from any such excess distribution or gain. If the Fund invests in a PFIC and elects to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” under the Code (a “QEF”), in lieu of the foregoing requirements, the Fund will be required to include in gross income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of the QEF, even if such income is not distributed by the QEF. Any inclusions in the Fund’s gross income resulting from the QEF election will be considered qualifying income for the purposes of the 90% Gross Income Test. Alternatively, the Fund may elect to mark-to-market at the end of each taxable year its shares in such PFIC, in which case, the Fund will recognize as ordinary income any increase in the value of such shares, and as ordinary loss any decrease in such value to the extent it does not exceed prior increases included in its income. The Fund’s ability to make either election will depend on factors beyond its control, and is subject to restrictions which may limit the availability of the benefit of these elections. Under either election, the Fund may be required to recognize in any year income in excess of its distributions from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock during that year, and such income will nevertheless be subject to the Annual Distribution Requirement and will be taken into account for purposes of determining whether the Fund satisfies the Excise Tax Distribution Requirements. See “—Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company” above.
If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, at least 10% of the combined voting power or value of the shares in a foreign corporation that is treated as a CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income or, if eligible, the preferential rates that apply to “qualified dividend income”) each year from such foreign corporation in an amount equal to its pro rata share of the foreign corporation’s income for the tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not the foreign corporation makes an actual distribution during such year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in the income of the Fund regardless of whether the Fund has made a QEF election with respect to such CFC (as discussed above). In general, a foreign corporation will be classified as a CFC if more than 50% of the shares of the corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly or by attribution) by 10% U.S. shareholders. A “10% U.S. shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (directly, indirectly or by attribution) 10% or more of the combined value or voting power of all classes of shares of a corporation. If the Fund is treated as receiving a deemed distribution from a CFC, the Fund will be required to include such distribution in its investment company taxable income regardless of whether the Fund receives any actual distributions from such CFC, and the Fund must distribute such income to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement and the Excise Tax Distribution Requirement. Income inclusions from a foreign corporation that is a CFC is “good income” for purposes of the 90% Gross Income Test regardless of whether the Fund receives timely distributions of such income from the foreign corporation.
Non-U.S. Currency
The Fund’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income, expenses or other liabilities denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar and the time it actually collects such income or pays such expenses or liabilities may be treated as ordinary income or loss by the Fund. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts, the disposition of debt denominated in a foreign currency and other financial transactions denominated in foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, may also be treated as ordinary income or loss.
Book-Tax Differences
Certain of the Fund’s investments in derivative instruments and foreign currency-denominated instruments, and any of the Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies and hedging activities, are likely to produce a difference between its book income and the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any). If such a difference arises, and the Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment and to avoid an entity-level tax. In the alternative, if the Fund’s book income exceeds the sum of its taxable income (including realized capital gains) and net tax-exempt income, the distribution (if any) of such excess generally will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its Shares, and (iii) thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset.
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Taxation of U.S. Shareholders
The following discussion generally describes certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund’s Shares beneficially owned by U.S. Shareholders (as defined above). If you are not a U.S. Shareholder this section does not apply to you. Whether an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a U.S. Shareholder will depend upon that person’s particular circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. U.S. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors about the U.S. tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
The Fund will ordinarily declare and pay dividends from its net investment income and distribute net realized capital gains, if any, once a year. The Fund, however, may make distributions on a more frequent basis to comply with the distribution requirements of the Code, in all events in a manner consistent with the provisions of the Investment Company Act.
Distributions by the Fund generally are taxable to U.S. Shareholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Distributions of the Fund’s investment company taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, will be taxable as ordinary income to U.S. Shareholders to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Shares. To the extent such distributions the Fund pays to non-corporate U.S. Shareholders (including individuals) are attributable to dividends from U.S. corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations, such distributions (“Qualifying Dividends”) generally are taxable to U.S. Shareholders at the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains. However, the Fund anticipates that its distributions generally will not be attributable to dividends and, therefore, generally will not qualify for the preferential rates applicable to Qualifying Dividends or the dividends received deduction available to corporations under the Code. Distributions of the Fund’s net capital gains (which generally are the Fund’s realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses) that are properly reported by the Fund as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable to a U.S. Shareholder as long-term capital gains that are currently taxable at reduced rates in the case of non-corporate taxpayers, regardless of the U.S. Shareholder’s holding period for his, her or its Shares and regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Shares. Distributions in excess of the Fund’s earnings and profits first will reduce a U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in such U.S. Shareholder’s Shares and, after the adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such U.S. Shareholder.
The Fund generally expects to make distributions in cash but retains the discretionary ability to make distributions in-kind of securities. If the Fund distributes equity securities (e.g., equity securities of the Portfolio Funds), debt securities or other securities in-kind, the tax consequences to an Investor of owning and holding such securities generally will depend on the U.S. tax classification of the issuer of such securities, of the securities themselves, and the U.S. tax status of the Shareholder. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the possibility of the Fund distributing securities in-kind, as well as the specific tax consequences of owning and disposing any securities actually distributed in-kind by the Fund.
A portion of the Fund’s ordinary income dividends paid to corporate U.S. Shareholders may, if the distributions consist of qualifying distributions received by the Fund and certain other conditions are met, qualify for the 50% dividends received deduction to the extent that the Fund has received dividends from certain corporations during the taxable year, but only to the extent these ordinary income dividends are treated as paid out of earnings and profits of the Fund. The Fund expects only a small portion of the Fund’s dividends to qualify for this deduction. A corporate U.S. Shareholder may be required to reduce its basis in its Shares with respect to certain “extraordinary dividends,” as defined in Section 1059 of the Code. Corporate U.S. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors in determining the application of these rules in their particular circumstances.
Certain distributions reported by the Fund as Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by Shareholders for purposes of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Section 163(j) of the Code. Such treatment by the shareholder is generally subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or more frequent basis. The amount that the Fund is eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited to the excess of its business interest income over the sum of its (i) business interest expense and (ii) other deductions properly allocable to its business interest income.
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U.S. Shareholders who have not “opted-out” of the Fund’s DRIP will have their cash dividends and distributions automatically reinvested in additional Shares, rather than receiving cash dividends and distributions. Any dividends or distributions reinvested under the plan will nevertheless remain taxable to U.S. Shareholders. A U.S. Shareholder will have an adjusted basis in the additional Shares purchased through the DRIP equal to the dollar amount that would have been received if the U.S. Shareholder had received the dividend or distribution in cash, unless the Fund were to issue new Shares that are trading at or above net asset value, in which case, the U.S. Shareholder’s basis in the new Shares would generally be equal to their fair market value. The additional Shares will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the Shares are credited to the U.S. Shareholder’s account.
The Fund expects to be treated as a “publicly offered regulated investment company.” A “publicly offered regulated investment company” is a RIC whose shares are (i) continuously offered pursuant to a public offering, (ii) regularly traded on an established securities market, or (iii) held by at least 500 persons at all times during the taxable year. As a “publicly offered regulated investment company,” in addition to the Fund’s DRIP, the Fund may choose to pay a majority of a required dividend in Shares rather than cash. In order for the distribution to qualify for the Annual Distribution Requirement, the dividend must be payable at the election of each Shareholder in cash or Shares (or a combination of the two), but may have a “cash cap” that limits the total amount of cash paid to not less than 20% of the entire distribution. If Shareholders in the aggregate elect to receive an amount of cash greater than the Fund’s cash cap, then each Shareholder who elected to receive cash will receive a pro rata share of the cash and the rest of their distribution in Shares of the Fund. The value of the portion of the distribution made in Shares will be equal to the amount of cash for which the Shares is substituted, and the Fund’s U.S. Shareholders will be subject to tax on such amount as though they had received cash.
If the Fund is not a publicly offered RIC for any year, a U.S. Shareholder that is an individual, trust or estate will be treated as having received a dividend from the Fund in the amount of such U.S. Shareholder’s allocable share of the Advisory Fees and Incentive Fees paid to the Adviser and certain of the Fund’s other expenses for the year, and these fees and expenses will be treated as miscellaneous itemized deductions of such U.S. shareholder. Most miscellaneous itemized deductions are disallowed for non-corporate taxpayers. Shareholders that are corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes are not affected by the limitations on miscellaneous itemized deductions, but such limitations do apply to individual shareholders of Shareholders that are S corporations.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain or a portion thereof for investment and be taxed at corporate-level tax rates on the amount retained, and therefore designate the retained amount as a “deemed dividend.” In this case, the Fund may report the retained amount as undistributed capital gains to its U.S. Shareholders, who will be treated as if each U.S. Shareholder received a distribution of its pro rata share of this gain, with the result that each U.S. Shareholder will (i) be required to report its pro rata share of this gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, (ii) receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and (iii) increase the tax basis for its Shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit. In order to utilize the deemed distribution approach, the Fund must provide written notice to its Shareholders prior to the expiration of 60 days after the close of the relevant taxable year. The Fund cannot treat any of its investment company taxable income as a “deemed distribution.”
For purposes of determining (1) whether the Annual Distribution Requirement is satisfied for any year and (2) the amount of capital gains dividends paid for that year, the Fund may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the following taxable year as if it had been paid during the taxable year in question. If the Fund makes such an election, a U.S. Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the taxable year in which the distribution is made. However, any dividend declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following year, will be treated as if it had been received by the Fund’s Shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
If a U.S. Shareholder receives Shares in the Fund shortly before the record date of a distribution, the value of the Shares will include the value of the distribution and such U.S. Shareholder will be subject to tax on the distribution even though it economically represents a return of its investment.
A U.S. Shareholder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss if the U.S. Shareholder sells or otherwise disposes of its Shares in the Fund. The amount of gain or loss will be measured by the difference between a U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the Shares sold or otherwise disposed of and the amount of the proceeds
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received in exchange. Any gain or loss arising from such sale or other disposition generally will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Shareholder has held his, her or its Shares for more than one year. Otherwise, such gain or loss will be classified as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or other disposition of the Fund’s Shares in which a U.S. Shareholder has a holding period of six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received, or undistributed capital gain deemed received, with respect to such Shares. In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a disposition of the Fund’s Shares may be disallowed if substantially identical Shares are purchased (whether through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such case, any disallowed loss is generally added to the U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis of the acquired Shares.
In general, U.S. Shareholders that are individuals, trusts or estates are taxed at preferential rates on their net capital gain. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate U.S. Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate applicable to ordinary income. A non-corporate U.S. Shareholder with net capital losses for a year (i.e., capital loss in excess of capital gain) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against its ordinary income each year; any net capital losses of a non-corporate U.S. Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent years as provided in the Code. Corporate U.S. Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a year, but may carry back such losses for three years or carry forward such losses for five years.
The Fund will furnish to its Shareholders as soon as practicable after the end of each taxable year information on Form 1099 to assist Shareholders in preparing their tax returns. In addition, the U.S. federal tax status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS (including the amount of dividends, if any, eligible for the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains). Dividends paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income generally will not consist of dividends. Distributions by the Fund out of current or accumulated earnings and profits also generally will not be eligible for the 20% pass through deduction under Section 199A of the Code, although under recently released U.S. Treasury regulations, qualified REIT dividends earned by the Fund may qualify for the Section 199A deduction. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and non-U.S. taxes depending on a U.S. Shareholder’s particular situation.
Income from Repurchases of Shares
In General. A U.S. Shareholder who participates in a repurchase of Shares will, depending on such U.S. Shareholder’s particular circumstances, and as set forth further under “Sale or Exchange Treatment” and “Distribution Treatment,” be treated either as recognizing gain or loss from the disposition of its Shares or as receiving a distribution from the Fund with respect to its Shares. Under each of these approaches, a U.S. Shareholder’s realized income and gain (if any) would be calculated differently. Under the “sale or exchange” approach, a U.S. Shareholder generally would be allowed to recognize a taxable loss (if the repurchase proceeds are less than the U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the Shares tendered and repurchased).
Sale or Exchange Treatment. In general, the tender and repurchase of the Fund’s Shares should be treated as a sale or exchange of the Shares by a U.S. Shareholder if the receipt of cash:
results in a “complete termination” of such U.S. Shareholder’s ownership of Shares in the Fund;
results in a “substantially disproportionate” redemption with respect to such U.S. Shareholder; or
is “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” with respect to the U.S. Shareholder.
In applying each of the tests described above, a U.S. Shareholder must take account of Shares that such U.S. Shareholder constructively owns under detailed attribution rules set forth in the Code, which generally treat the U.S. Shareholder as owning Shares owned by certain related individuals and entities, and Shares that the U.S.
Shareholder has the right to acquire by exercise of an option, warrant or right of conversion. U.S. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the constructive ownership rules to their particular circumstances.
A sale of Shares pursuant to a repurchase of Shares by the Fund generally will result in a “complete termination” if either (i) the U.S. Shareholder owns none of the Fund’s Shares, either actually or constructively, after the Shares
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are sold pursuant to a repurchase, or (ii) the U.S. Shareholder does not actually own any of the Fund’s Shares immediately after the sale of Shares pursuant to a repurchase and, with respect to Shares constructively owned, is eligible to waive, and effectively waives, constructive ownership of all such Shares. U.S. Shareholders wishing to satisfy the “complete termination” test through waiver of attribution are urged to consult their tax advisors.
A sale of Shares pursuant to a repurchase of Shares by the Fund will result in a “substantially disproportionate” redemption with respect to a U.S. Shareholder if the percentage of the then outstanding Shares actually and constructively owned by such U.S. Shareholder immediately after the sale is less than 80% of the percentage of the Shares actually and constructively owned by such U.S. Shareholder immediately before the sale. If a sale of Shares pursuant to a repurchase fails to satisfy the “substantially disproportionate” test, the U.S. Shareholder may nonetheless satisfy the “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” test.
A sale of Shares pursuant to a repurchase of Shares by the Fund will satisfy the “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” test if it results in a “meaningful reduction” of the U.S. Shareholder’s proportionate interest in the Fund. A sale of Shares that actually reduces the percentage of the Fund’s outstanding Shares owned, including constructively, by such Shareholder would likely be treated as a “meaningful reduction” even if the percentage reduction is relatively minor, provided that the U.S. Shareholder’s relative interest in Shares of the Fund is minimal (e.g., less than 1%) and the U.S. Shareholder does not exercise any control over or participate in the management of the Fund’s corporate affairs. Any person that has an ownership position that allows some exercise of control over or participation in the management of corporate affairs will not satisfy the meaningful reduction test unless that person’s ability to exercise control over or participate in management of corporate affairs is materially reduced or eliminated.
Substantially contemporaneous dispositions or acquisitions of Shares by a U.S. Shareholder or a related person that are part of a plan viewed as an integrated transaction with a repurchase of Shares may be taken into account in determining whether any of the tests described above are satisfied.
If a U.S. Shareholder satisfies any of the tests described above, the U.S. Shareholder will recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of cash received and such U.S. Shareholder’s tax basis in the repurchased Shares. Any such gain or loss will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holding period of the Shares exceeds one year as of the date of the repurchase. Specified limitations apply to the deductibility of capital losses by U.S. Shareholders. However, if a U.S. Shareholder’s tendered and repurchased Shares have previously paid a long-term capital gain distribution (including, for this purpose, amounts credited as an undistributed capital gain) and such Shares were held for six months or less, any loss realized will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent that it offsets the long-term capital gain distribution.
Any loss realized on a sale or exchange will be disallowed to the extent the Shares disposed of are replaced within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the Shares. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss.
Distribution Treatment. If a U.S. Shareholder does not satisfy any of the tests described above, and therefore does not qualify for sale or exchange treatment, the U.S. Shareholder may be treated as having received, in whole or in part, a taxable dividend, a tax-free return of capital or taxable capital gain, depending on (i) whether the Fund has sufficient earnings and profits to support a dividend and (ii) the U.S. Shareholder’s tax basis in the relevant Shares. The amount of any distribution in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, if any, would be treated as a non-taxable return of investment to the extent, generally, of the U.S. Shareholder’s basis in the Shares remaining. If the portion not treated as a dividend exceeds the U.S. Shareholder’s basis in the Shares remaining, any such excess will be treated as capital gain from the sale or exchange of the remaining Shares. Any such gain will be capital gain and will be long-term capital gain if the holding period of the Shares exceeds one year as of the date of the exchange. If the tendering U.S. Shareholder’s tax basis in the Shares tendered and repurchased exceeds the total of any dividend and return of capital distribution with respect to those Shares, the excess amount of basis from the tendered and repurchased Shares will be reallocated pro rata among the bases of such U.S. Shareholder’s remaining Shares.
Provided certain holding period and other requirements are satisfied, certain non-corporate U.S. Shareholders generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a maximum rate of 20% on amounts treated as a dividend. This reduced rate will apply to: (i) 100% of the dividend if 95% or more of the Fund’s gross income (ignoring gains attributable to the sale of stocks and securities except to the extent net short-term capital gain from such sales exceeds net long-term capital loss from such sales) in that taxable year is attributable to qualified dividend income;
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or (ii) the portion of the dividends paid by the Fund to an individual in a particular taxable year that is attributable to qualified dividend income received by the Fund this year if such qualified dividend income accounts for less than 95% of the Fund’s gross income (ignoring gains attributable to the sale of stocks and securities except to the extent net short-term capital gains from such sales exceeds net long-term capital loss from such sales) for that taxable year. Such a dividend will be taxed in its entirety, without reduction for the U.S. Shareholder’s tax basis of the repurchased Shares. To the extent that a tender and repurchase of a U.S. Shareholder’s Shares is treated as the receipt by the U.S. Shareholder of a dividend, the U.S. Shareholder’s remaining adjusted basis (reduced by the amount, if any, treated as a return of capital) in the tendered and repurchased Shares will be added to any Shares retained by the U.S. Shareholder.
To the extent that cash received in exchange for Shares is treated as a dividend to a corporate U.S. Shareholder, (i) it may be eligible for a dividends-received deduction to the extent attributable to dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations, and (ii) it may be subject to the “extraordinary dividend” provisions of the Code. Corporate U.S. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors concerning the availability of the dividends-received deduction and the application of the “extraordinary dividend” provisions of the Code in their particular circumstances. No portion of any dividend is expected to be eligible for the dividends received deduction.
If the sale of Shares pursuant to a repurchase of Shares by the Fund is treated as a dividend to a U.S. Shareholder rather than as an exchange, the other Shareholders, including any non-tendering Shareholders, could be deemed to have received a taxable stock distribution if such Shareholder’s interest in the Fund increases as a result of the repurchase. This deemed dividend would be treated as a dividend to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits allocable to it. A proportionate increase in a U.S. Shareholder’s interest in the Fund will not be treated as a taxable distribution of Shares if the distribution qualifies as an isolated redemption of Shares as described in Treasury regulations. All Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors about the possibility of deemed distributions resulting from a repurchase of Shares by the Fund.
Taxation of Tax-Exempt Shareholders
A U.S. shareholder that is a tax-exempt organization for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore generally exempt from U.S. federal income taxation may nevertheless be subject to taxation if the shareholder is considered to derive unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”). Income of a RIC that would be UBTI if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity generally will not be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt shareholder of the RIC. A tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b).
Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations
Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a U.S. Shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to Shares of the Fund in excess of $2 million or more for a non-corporate U.S. Shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate U.S. Shareholder in any single taxable year, such Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of “portfolio securities” in many cases are excepted from this reporting requirement, but, under current guidance, equity owners of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Significant monetary penalties apply to a failure to comply with this reporting requirement. States may also have a similar reporting requirement. U.S. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisor to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Net Investment Income Tax
An additional 3.8% surtax generally is applicable in respect of the net investment income of non-corporate U.S. Shareholders (other than certain trusts) on the lesser of (i) the U.S. Shareholder’s “net investment income” for a taxable year and (ii) the excess of the U.S. Shareholder’s modified adjusted gross income for the taxable year over $200,000 ($250,000 in the case of joint filers). For these purposes, “net investment income” generally includes interest and taxable distributions and deemed distributions paid with respect to Shares, and net gain attributable to the disposition of Shares (in each case, unless the Shares are held in connection with certain trades or businesses), but will be reduced by any deductions properly allocable to these distributions or this net gain.
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Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
The Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income taxes, a portion of all taxable distributions payable U.S. Shareholders (a) who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification numbers (TINs) or who otherwise fail to make required certifications or (b) with respect to whom the IRS notifies the Fund that this U.S. Shareholder is subject to backup withholding. Certain U.S. Shareholders specified in the Code and the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder are exempt from backup withholding but may be required to provide documentation to establish their exempt status. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld will be allowed as a refund or a credit against the U.S. Shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability if the appropriate information is timely provided to the IRS. Failure by a U.S. Shareholder to furnish a certified TIN to the Fund could subject the U.S. Shareholder to a penalty imposed by the IRS.
FATCA
Sections 1471-1474 of the Code and the U.S. Treasury and IRS guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “FATCA”) generally require that the Fund obtains information sufficient to identify the status of each shareholder under FATCA or under an applicable intergovernmental agreement (an “IGA”) between the United States and a foreign government. If a shareholder fails to provide the requested information or otherwise fails to comply with FATCA or an IGA, the Fund may be required to withhold under FATCA at a rate of 30% with respect to that shareholder on ordinary dividends it pays. The IRS and the Department of Treasury have issued proposed regulations providing that these withholding rules will not apply to the gross proceeds of share redemptions or capital gain dividends the Fund pays. If a payment is subject to FATCA withholding, the Fund is required to withhold even if such payment would otherwise be exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to foreign shareholders described above (e.g., interest-related dividends). In addition, subject to certain exceptions, this legislation also imposes a 30% withholding on payments to foreign entities that are not financial institutions unless the foreign entity certifies that it does not have a greater than 10% U.S. owner or provides the withholding agent with identifying information on each greater than 10% U.S. owner. Depending on the status of a non-U.S. Shareholder and the status of the intermediaries through which they hold their shares, non-U.S. Shareholders could be subject to this 30% withholding tax with respect to distributions on their shares and proceeds from the sale of their shares. Under certain circumstances, a non-U.S. Shareholder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes.
ALL SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISERS WITH RESPECT TO THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME AND WITHHOLDING TAX CONSEQUENCES, AND STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES, OF AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND’S SHARES.
CUSTODIAN
UMB Bank, N.A. serves as the custodian of the assets of the Fund and may maintain custody of such assets with U.S. and non-U.S. sub-custodians (which may be banks and trust companies), securities depositories and clearing agencies in accordance with the requirements of Section 17(f) of the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder. Assets of the Fund are not held by the Adviser or commingled with the assets of other accounts other than to the extent that securities are held in the name of the Custodian or U.S. or non-U.S. sub-custodians in a securities depository, clearing agency or omnibus customer account of such custodian. The Custodian’s principal business address is 928 Grand Blvd., 10th Floor Kansas City, Missouri 64106.
ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTING SERVICES
The Fund has entered into an Administration, Fund Accounting and Recordkeeping Agreement with UMB Fund Services, Inc. under which the Administrator performs certain administration and accounting services for the Fund, including, among other things: customary fund accounting services, including computing the Fund’s net asset values and maintaining books, records and other documents relating to the Fund’s financial and portfolio transactions, and customary fund administration services, including assisting the Fund with regulatory filings, tax compliance and other oversight activities. In consideration for these services, the Fund pays the Administrator tiered fees based on the average monthly net asset value of the Fund, subject to a minimum annual fee, as well as
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certain other fixed, per-account or transactional fees. The Administration Fee is paid to the Administrator out of the assets of the Fund and therefore decreases the net profits or increases the net losses of the Fund. The Fund also reimburses the Administrator for certain out-of-pocket expenses and pays the Administrator a fee for transfer agency services.
The Administrator’s principal business address is 235 West Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212.
TRANSFER AGENT
UMB Fund Services, Inc., whose principal business address is 235 West Galena Street, Milwaukee, WI 53212, serves as the Fund’s transfer agent with respect to the Shares.
DIVIDEND PAYING AGENT
UMB Fund Services, Inc. serves as the Fund’s dividend paying agent.
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
The Fund will provide Shareholders with an audited annual report and an unaudited semi-annual report within 60 days after the close of the reporting period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the Investment Company Act. Shareholders will also receive monthly reports and commentary regarding the Fund’s operations and investments.
The Fund will furnish to Shareholders as soon as practicable after the end of each taxable year information on Form 1099 to assist Shareholders in preparing their tax returns.
FISCAL YEAR OF THE FUND
The Fund’s fiscal year is the 12-month period ending on March 31. The Fund’s taxable year is the 12-month period ending on September 30.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
KPMG LLP, whose principal business address is Two Financial Center, 60 South Street, Boston, MA 02111, is the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund and is expected to render an opinion annually on the financial statements of the Fund.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Kirkland & Ellis LLP, 601 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10022, serves as legal counsel to the Fund. No attorney-client relationship exists, however, between Kirkland & Ellis LLP and any other person solely by reason of such other person investing in the Fund.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Table of Contents
 
Page
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT POLICIES
S-1
INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND TECHNIQUES
S-2
ADDITIONAL RISK FACTORS
S-9
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
S-15
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
S-22
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
S-22
ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS
S-24
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
S-24
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
S-24
APPENDIX A - SECURITIES RATING DESCRIPTIONS
A-1
APPENDIX B - PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
B-1
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NEUBERGER PRIVATE MARKETS ACCESS FUND LLC
Institutional Class Shares
Class A-1 Shares
Class A-2 Shares
PROSPECTUS
July 31, 2026
All dealers that buy, sell or trade the Fund’s Shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus.

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