| Intangible Assets Our intangible assets consist of the following: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | June 30, 2026 | | December 31, 2025 | | (in Millions) | Gross | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net | | Gross | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net | | Intangible assets subject to amortization (finite-lived) | | Customer relationships | $ | 1,146.3 | | | $ | (558.5) | | | $ | 587.8 | | | $ | 1,155.4 | | | $ | (534.8) | | | $ | 620.6 | | | Patents | 0.6 | | | (0.6) | | | — | | | 0.6 | | | (0.6) | | | — | | Brands (1) | 70.0 | | | (35.1) | | | 34.9 | | | 68.2 | | | (29.1) | | | 39.1 | | | Purchased and licensed technologies | 134.0 | | | (61.7) | | | 72.3 | | | 136.8 | | | (57.9) | | | 78.9 | | | Other intangibles | 2.4 | | | (1.9) | | | 0.5 | | | 2.4 | | | (1.9) | | | 0.5 | | | $ | 1,353.3 | | | $ | (657.8) | | | $ | 695.5 | | | $ | 1,363.4 | | | $ | (624.3) | | | $ | 739.1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Intangible assets not subject to amortization (indefinite-lived) | Crop Protection Brands (2) | $ | 1,241.3 | | | | | $ | 1,241.3 | | | $ | 1,241.3 | | | | | $ | 1,241.3 | | Brands (1) | 359.4 | | | | | 359.4 | | | 369.3 | | | | | 369.3 | | | In-process research & development | 11.7 | | | | | 11.7 | | | 12.1 | | | | | 12.1 | | | $ | 1,612.4 | | | | | $ | 1,612.4 | | | $ | 1,622.7 | | | | | $ | 1,622.7 | | | Total intangible assets | $ | 2,965.7 | | | $ | (657.8) | | | $ | 2,307.9 | | | $ | 2,986.1 | | | $ | (624.3) | | | $ | 2,361.8 | |
____________________ (1)Represents trademarks, trade names and know-how. (2)Represents proprietary brand portfolios, consisting of trademarks, trade names and know-how, of our crop protection brands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | (in Millions) | 2026 | | 2025 | | 2026 | | 2025 | | Amortization expense | $ | 18.7 | | | $ | 18.2 | | | $ | 37.4 | | | $ | 36.4 | |
The full year estimated pre-tax amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2026 and each of the succeeding five years is approximately $72.4 million, $71.5 million, $71.3 million, $68.6 million, $66.2 million, and $64.4 million, respectively.
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