UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM
File No. 033-45961
File No. 811-06569
| REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | ☒ | |
| Pre-Effective Amendment No. | ☐ | |
| Post-Effective Amendment No. 213 | ☒ | |
| and/or | ||
| REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | ☒ | |
| Amendment No. 213 | ☒ |
(Check appropriate box or boxes)
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (800) 523-1918
David F. Connor, Esq., 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Please send copies of all communications to:
Mark R. Greer, Esq.
Stradley, Ronon, Stevens & Young, LLP
191 North Wacker Drive, Suite 1601, Chicago, IL 60606
(312) 964-3505
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: July 31, 2026
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
| ☐ | immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) | ||
| ☒ | on July 31, 2026 pursuant to paragraph (b) | ||
| ☐ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) | ||
| ☐ | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) | ||
| ☐ | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) | ||
| ☐ | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. | ||
| If appropriate, check the following box: | |||
| ☐ | this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. | ||
This Post-Effective Amendment relates solely to the Nomura Asset Strategy Fund, Nomura Balanced Fund, Nomura Core Equity Fund, Nomura Global Growth Fund, Nomura International Core Equity Fund, Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund, Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund, Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund, Nomura Climate Solutions Fund, Nomura Natural Resources Fund, Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund, Nomura Science and Technology Fund, Nomura Global Bond Fund and Nomura High Income Fund (collectively, the “Funds”), series of the Ivy Funds (the “Registrant”).
--- C O N T E N T S ---
This Post-Effective Amendment No. 213 to Registration File No. 033-45961 includes the following:
| 1. | Facing Page | |
| 2. | Contents Page | |
| 3. | Part A – Prospectus (1) | |
| 4. | Part B – Statement of Additional Information (1) | |
| 5. | Part C – Other Information (1) | |
| 6. | Signatures | |
| 7. | Exhibits |
This Post-Effective Amendment relates only to the Class A, Class C, Institutional Class, Class R6, Class R and Class Y, as applicable, shares of the Funds, series of the Registrant.
| (1) | This Post-Effective Amendment contains a Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for two registrants (each of which offers its shares in multiple series). A separate post-effective amendment, which includes the common Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information and its own Part C, is being filed separately for the other registrant. |
The Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information contained in this Post-Effective Amendment relate to the Class A, Class C, Institutional Class, Class R6, Class R and Class Y, as applicable, shares of the Funds and also to one series of Delaware Group Equity Funds IV. The Part C contained in this Post-Effective Amendment relates only to the Registrant. A separate post-effective amendment which includes the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information as they relate to the one series of Delaware Group Equity Funds IV and its own Part C is being filed separately for Delaware Group Equity Funds IV.
|
|
|
|
|
Prospectus
|
|
|
Nasdaq
ticker symbols | |||||
|
|
Class
A |
Class
C |
Institutional
Class |
Class
R6 |
Class
R |
Class
Y |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund (formerly, Macquarie Asset
Strategy Fund) |
WASAX
|
WASCX
|
IVAEX
|
IASTX
|
IASRX
|
WASYX
|
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund (formerly, Macquarie Balanced
Fund) |
IBNAX
|
IBNCX
|
IYBIX
|
IBARX
|
IYBFX
|
IBNYX
|
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund (formerly, Macquarie Core
Equity Fund) |
WCEAX
|
WTRCX
|
ICIEX
|
ICEQX
|
IYCEX
|
WCEYX
|
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie Global
Growth Fund) |
IVINX
|
IVNCX
|
IGIIX
|
ITGRX
|
IYIGX
|
IVIYX
|
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund (formerly, Macquarie
International Core Equity Fund) |
IVIAX
|
IVIFX
|
ICEIX
|
IINCX
|
IYITX
|
IVVYX
|
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Large Cap Growth Fund) |
WLGAX
|
WLGCX
|
IYGIX
|
ILGRX
|
WLGRX
|
WLGYX
|
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie Mid
Cap Growth Fund) |
WMGAX
|
WMGCX
|
IYMIX
|
IGRFX
|
WMGRX
|
WMGYX
|
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund)
|
IVOAX
|
IVOCX
|
IVOIX
|
IVOSX
|
IVORX
|
IVOYX
|
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund (formerly, Macquarie Smid
Cap Core Fund) |
IYSAX
|
IYSCX
|
IVVIX
|
ISPVX
|
IYSMX
|
IYSYX
|
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Small Cap Growth Fund) |
WSGAX
|
WRGCX
|
IYSIX
|
IRGFX
|
WSGRX
|
WSCYX
|
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund)
|
IPOAX
|
IPOCX
|
IPOIX
|
IMEGX
|
IYPCX
|
IPOYX
|
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund (formerly, Macquarie Climate Solutions Fund) |
IEYAX
|
IEYCX
|
IVEIX
|
IENRX
|
IYEFX
|
IEYYX
|
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund (formerly, Macquarie Healthcare
Fund) |
DLHAX
|
DLHCX
|
DLHIX
|
n/a
|
DLRHX
|
n/a
|
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Natural Resources Fund) |
IGNAX
|
IGNCX
|
IGNIX
|
INRSX
|
IGNRX
|
IGNYX
|
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Real Estate Securities Fund) |
IRSAX
|
IRSCX
|
IREIX
|
IRSEX
|
IRSRX
|
IRSYX
|
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund (formerly, Macquarie
Science and Technology Fund) |
WSTAX
|
WSTCX
|
ISTIX
|
ISTNX
|
WSTRX
|
WSTYX
|
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund (formerly, Macquarie Global
Bond Fund) |
IVSAX
|
IVSCX
|
IVSIX
|
IVBDX
|
IYGOX
|
IVSYX
|
|
Nomura
High Income Fund (formerly, Macquarie High
Income Fund) |
WHIAX
|
WRHIX
|
IVHIX
|
IHIFX
|
IYHIX
|
WHIYX
|
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Asset Strategy Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
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|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
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|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
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|
Management
fees.....................
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|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired
fund fees and expenses..........
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
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|
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|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” includes the expenses of any wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Fund. |
| 3 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 4 | Acquired fund fees and expenses sets forth the Fund’s pro rata portion of the cumulative expenses charged by the registered investment companies in which the Fund invested during the last fiscal year. The actual acquired fund fees and expenses will vary with changes in the allocations of the Fund’s assets. These expenses are not direct costs paid by Fund shareholders, and are not used to calculate the Fund’s NAV. |
| 5 |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) (net) ( |
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) (gross) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)............................................................... |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
|
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Stefan
Löwenthal, CFA |
Managing
Director, Chief Investment Officer of Global Multi-Asset |
November
2021 |
|
Jürgen
Wurzer, CFA |
Managing
Director, Deputy Head of Global Multi-Asset |
November
2021 |
|
Aaron
Young |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager - Global Multi-Asset |
November
2021 |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired
fund fees and expenses..........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” have been restated to reflect current fees. |
| 3 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 4 | Acquired fund fees and expenses sets forth the Fund’s pro rata portion of the cumulative expenses charged by the registered investment companies in which the Fund invested during the last fiscal year. The actual acquired fund fees and expenses will vary with changes in the allocations of the Fund’s assets. These expenses are not direct costs paid by Fund shareholders, and are not used to calculate the Fund’s NAV. |
| 5 |
| 6 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage
fees, certain insurance costs, and nonroutine
expenses or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and
liquidations) in order to prevent total annual fund
operating expenses from exceeding 0.72% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and
0.63% of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
S&P
500®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Bloomberg
US Aggregate Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes).........
|
|
-
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
|
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Stefan
Löwenthal, CFA |
Managing
Director, Chief Investment Officer of Global Multi-Asset |
November
2021 |
|
Jürgen
Wurzer, CFA |
Managing
Director, Deputy Head of Global Multi-Asset |
November
2021 |
|
Aaron
Young |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager - Global Multi-Asset |
November
2021 |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.74% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.67%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
S&P
500®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
manager |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Erik
Becker, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
February
2006 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Global Growth Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.85% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.75%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) (net) ( |
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) (gross) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)............................................................... |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Aditya
Kapoor, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Charles
John, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Charles
(Trey) Schorgl, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
July
2023 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund, a series
of Ivy Funds
(formerly, Macquarie International Core Equity Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.76% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.66%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) ex USA Index (net) ( expenses |
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) ex USA Index (gross) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)...................................................... |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Aditya
Kapoor, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Charles
John, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Charles
(Trey) Schorgl, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
July
2023 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Large Cap Growth Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.64% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.55%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Russell
1000®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Russell
1000®
Growth Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)...........
|
|
|
|
| Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. |
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Bradley
Klapmeyer, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
August
2016 |
|
Bradley
Angermeier, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
October
2021 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Mid Cap Growth Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.79% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.68%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Russell
3000®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Russell
Midcap®
Growth Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)..........
|
|
|
|
| Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. |
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Kimberly
Scott, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
February
2001 |
|
Bradley
Halverson, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund, a
series of Ivy Funds
(formerly, Macquarie Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.82% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.73%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
-
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Russell
3000®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Russell
Midcap Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)................
|
|
|
|
| Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. |
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Kimberly
Scott, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
October
2014 |
|
Bradley
Halverson, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Smid Cap Core Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.87% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.77%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Russell
3000®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Russell
2500TM
Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)................
|
|
|
|
| Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. |
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
David
Reidinger |
Managing
Director, Head of US Core Equity |
November
2021 |
|
Christopher
Adams, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager - US Core Equity |
November
2021 |
|
Michael
Morris, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager - US Core Equity |
November
2021 |
|
Christina
Van Het Hoen, CFA |
Executive
Director, Portfolio Manager - US Core Equity |
July
2024 |
|
Chad
Bolen, CFA |
Executive
Director, Portfolio Manager - US Core Equity |
March
2026 |
|
William
Mitchell III |
Executive
Director, Portfolio Manager - US Core Equity |
March
2026 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Small Cap Growth Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.85% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.76%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Russell
3000®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
Russell
2000®
Growth Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)...........
|
|
|
|
| Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. |
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Nathan
Brown, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
April
2026 |
|
Kenneth
McQuade |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
October
2016 |
|
Joshua
Brown |
Managing
Director, Portfolio Manager, Senior Equity Analyst |
January
2024 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund,
a series of Ivy Funds (formerly, Macquarie Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.78% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.64%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
MSCI
Emerging Markets Index (net) ( |
|
|
|
|
MSCI
Emerging Markets Index (gross) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)....
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with MIMGL |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Benjamin
Leung, CFA |
Senior
Managing Director, Head of Systematic Investments, Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Samir
Vanza, CFA |
Managing
Director, Head of Quantitative Research, Portfolio Manager |
August
2024 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Climate Solutions Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.99% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.84%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) (net) ( |
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI (All Country World Index) (gross) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)............................................................... |
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI Investable Market Index (net) (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses).......
|
|
|
|
|
MSCI
ACWI Investable Market Index (gross) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)............................................................... |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Barry
Gladstein, CFA, CPA |
Managing
Director, Head of Sustainable Investing – Equities & Multi-Asset |
July
2022 |
|
Barry
Klein, CFA, CPA |
Executive
Director, Portfolio Manager, Senior Equity Analyst |
July
2022 |
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with VanEck |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Sam
Halpert |
Portfolio
Manager |
October
2025 |
|
Geoffrey
King, CFA |
Portfolio
Manager |
October
2025 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund, a series of Delaware
Group® Equity Funds IV (formerly, Macquarie Healthcare Fund) |
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
R
|
Inst.
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price............................................... |
5.75%
|
none
|
none
|
none
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower................. |
none1
|
1.00%1
|
none
|
none
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
R
|
Inst.
|
|
|
Management
fees.............................................
|
0.84%
|
0.84%
|
0.84%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees................................
|
0.25%
|
1.00%
|
0.50%
|
none
|
|
|
Other
expenses...............................................
|
0.17%
|
0.17%
|
0.17%
|
0.17%
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses...............................
|
1.26%
|
2.01%
|
1.51%
|
1.01%
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements...........................
|
(0.05%)2
|
(0.05%)2
|
(0.05%)2
|
(0.05%)2
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements............................................. |
1.21%
|
1.96%
|
1.46%
|
0.96%
|
| 1 | For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on certain Class A shares that are purchased at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase. |
| 2 | The Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses (excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees, certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations) in order to prevent total annual fund operating expenses from exceeding 0.96% of the Fund’s average daily net assets from July 31, 2026 through July 30, 2027. These waivers and reimbursements may only be terminated by agreement of the Manager and the Fund. |
|
Class
|
A
|
(if
not redeemed) C |
C
|
R
|
Inst.
|
|
1
year............................................
|
$691
|
$199
|
$299
|
$149
|
$98
|
|
3
years...........................................
|
$947
|
$626
|
$626
|
$472
|
$317
|
|
5
years...........................................
|
$1,222
|
$1,078
|
$1,078
|
$819
|
$553
|
|
10
years..........................................
|
$2,006
|
$2,334
|
$2,334
|
$1,797
|
$1,232
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
15.07%
|
6.21%
|
9.48%
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
12.13%
|
4.10%
|
7.69%
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
10.65%
|
4.54%
|
7.32%
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
20.20%
|
6.68%
|
9.31%
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
21.79%
|
7.21%
|
9.85%
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
22.38%
|
7.75%
|
10.41%
|
|
Russell
3000®
Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses,
or taxes).................
|
17.15%
|
13.15%
|
14.29%
|
|
Russell
3000®
Healthcare Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes).........
|
14.56%
|
6.31%
|
9.54%
|
| Frank Russell Company is the source and owner of the trademarks, service marks, and copyrights related to the Russell Indexes. Russell® is a trademark of Frank Russell Company. |
|
Portfolio
manager |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Liu-Er
Chen, CFA |
Managing
Director, Head of Emerging Markets Equity |
September
2007 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund, a series of Ivy
Funds (formerly, Macquarie Natural Resources Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.95% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.82%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
S&P
500®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
S&P
Global Natural Resources Index (net) (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses).......
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with VanEck |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Sam
Halpert |
Portfolio
Manager |
October
2025 |
|
Geoffrey
King, CFA |
Portfolio
Manager |
October
2025 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund, a series
of Ivy Funds
(formerly, Macquarie Real Estate Securities Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.83% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.68%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
-
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
S&P
500®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
FTSE
Nareit Equity REITs Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes).........
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
manager |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Matthew
Hodgkins |
Executive
Director, Head of Global Listed Real Estate |
July
2022 |
|
Fund
summaries | |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund, a series
of Ivy Funds
(formerly, Macquarie Science and Technology Fund) | |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.91% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.84%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
redeemed) C |
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
Science:
|
Technology:
|
Applied
Science and Technology: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
S&P
500®
Index ( |
|
|
|
|
S&P
North American Technology Sector Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)............................................................... |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Gus
Zinn, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
November
2021 |
|
Bradley
Warden, CFA |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
October
2016 |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 3 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.67% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.56%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
-
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Bloomberg
Global Aggregate Index ( |
|
-
|
|
|
Bloomberg
Global Aggregate Index, Hedged to USD (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes).............................................................. |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with Delaware Management Company |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
Janaki
Rao |
Managing
Director, Head of US Multisector |
December
2025 |
|
Kashif
Ishaq |
Managing
Director, Senior Portfolio Manager |
December
2025 |
|
Mansur
Rasul |
Executive
Director, Head of Emerging Markets Debt |
December
2025 |
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Maximum
sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum
contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
|
A
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
|
Management
fees.....................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
and service (12b-1) fees........
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
expenses.......................
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses.......
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee
waivers and expense reimbursements....
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
(
|
|
|
Total
annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements..... |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 2 | “Other expenses” includes the expenses of any wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Fund. |
| 3 | “Other expenses” account for Class R6 shares not being subject to certain expenses as described further in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Choosing a share class.” |
| 4 | The
Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment
advisory fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses
(excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees,
certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses
or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations)
in order to prevent total annual fund operating
expenses from exceeding 0.62% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for all share classes other than Class R6, and 0.54%
of the Fund’s Class R6 shares’ average daily
net assets, from July 31, 2026 through |
|
Class
|
A
|
|
C
|
Inst.
|
R6
|
R
|
Y
|
|
1
year....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
3
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
5
years....................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
|
10
years...................
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|
$
|

|
|
1
year |
5
years |
10
years |
|
Class
A return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions.......................................
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Class
A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares.....................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
C return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional
Class return before taxes..........................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R6 return before taxes................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
R return before taxes.................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y return before taxes..................................................
|
|
|
|
|
Bloomberg
US Aggregate Index ( |
|
-
|
|
|
ICE
BofA US High Yield Constrained Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes).
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
managers |
Title
with NCRAM |
Start
date on the Fund |
|
David
Crall, CFA |
President,
Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer, and Managing Director |
April
2026 |
|
Stephen
Kotsen, CFA |
Managing
Director, Portfolio Manager |
April
2026 |
|
Amy
Yu Chang, CFA |
Managing
Director, Portfolio Manager |
April
2026 |
|
Christopher
Parham, CFA |
Executive
Director, Assistant Portfolio Manager |
April
2026 |
|
Science:
|
Technology:
|
Applied
Science and Technology: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lending
securities |
|
Borrowing
from banks |
|
Purchasing
securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis |
|
Initial
public offerings (IPOs) |
|
Temporary
defensive positions |
|
|
Nomura
Fund | |
|
Risk
|
Asset
Strategy |
Balanced
|
|
Active
management and selection risk |
P
|
P
|
|
China
investment risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Commodity-related
investments risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Convertible
security risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Counterparty
risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Credit
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Currency
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Derivatives
risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Dividend
paying stock risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Emerging
markets risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Exchange-traded
funds risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Fixed
income risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange transactions and forward
foreign currency contracts risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Foreign
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Growth
stock risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
High
yield (junk) bond risk |
P
|
P
|
|
IBOR
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Industry
and sector risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Initial
public offering (IPO) risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Interest
rate risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Investment
company securities risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Large-capitalization
company risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Liquidity
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Loans
and other direct indebtedness risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Market
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Mortgage-backed
and asset-backed securities risk
|
P
|
P
|
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Preferred
stock risk |
NP
|
P
|
|
Prepayment
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Real
estate industry risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Redemption
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
REIT-related
risk |
NP
|
P
|
|
Restricted
securities risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Securities
lending risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk
|
NP
|
P
|
|
Subsidiary
risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Subsidiary
tax risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
US
government securities risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Value
stock risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
|
Nomura
Fund | |||||
|
Risk
|
Core
Equity |
Large
Cap Growth |
Mid
Cap Growth |
Mid
Cap
Income Opportunities |
Smid
Cap Core |
Small
Cap Growth |
|
Active
management and selection risk
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Convertible
security risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Counterparty
risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
|
Credit
risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Currency
risk |
NP
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
Derivatives
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Dividend
paying stock risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
P
|
–
|
–
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange transactions and forward
foreign currency contracts risk
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
Foreign
risk |
P
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
P
|
NP
|
|
Government
and regulatory risk |
–
|
P
|
–
|
–
|
P
|
–
|
|
Growth
stock risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
NP
|
–
|
P
|
|
Healthcare
sector risk |
–
|
–
|
P
|
–
|
–
|
P
|
|
IBOR
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Industrials
sector risk |
–
|
–
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Industry
and sector risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Information
technology sector risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
–
|
–
|
P
|
|
Initial
public offering (IPO) risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
P
|
|
Interest
rate risk |
NP
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
P
|
–
|
|
Investment
company securities risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Large-capitalization
company risk |
P
|
P
|
NP
|
NP
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Limited
number of securities risk |
P
|
P
|
–
|
P
|
–
|
–
|
|
Liquidity
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Market
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Master
limited partnership (MLP) risk
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Nondiversification
risk |
–
|
P
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
Preferred
stock risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Real
estate industry risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
|
Redemption
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
–
|
NP
|
|
REIT-related
risk |
–
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Securities
lending risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk
|
NP
|
NP
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Value
stock risk |
P
|
–
|
–
|
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
|
Nomura
Fund | ||
|
Risk
|
Global
Growth |
International
Core Equity |
Systematic
Emerging Markets
|
|
Active
management and selection risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Capital
repatriation risk |
–
|
–
|
P
|
|
China
investment risk |
NP
|
NP
|
P
|
|
Commodity-related
investments risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Currency
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Derivatives
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Emerging
markets risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange transactions and forward foreign
currency contracts risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Foreign
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Frontier
market risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Geographic
focus risk |
–
|
P
|
P
|
|
Growth
stock risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
IBOR
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Industry
and sector risk |
P
|
–
|
P
|
|
Information
technology sector risk |
P
|
–
|
P
|
|
Initial
public offering (IPO) risk |
NP
|
NP
|
–
|
|
Interest
rate risk |
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Investment
company securities risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Large-capitalization
company risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Limited
number of securities risk |
P
|
P
|
–
|
|
Liquidity
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Market
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Metals
investment risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Portfolio
turnover risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Redemption
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Restricted
securities risk |
NP
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Securities
lending risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk |
NP
|
NP
|
P
|
|
Value
stock risk |
–
|
P
|
–
|
|
|
Nomura
Fund | ||
|
Risk
|
Climate
Solutions |
Natural
Resources |
Science
and Technology |
|
Active
management and selection risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
China
investment risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Climate
change investment focus risk |
P
|
–
|
–
|
|
Commodity-related
investments risk |
–
|
P
|
–
|
|
Concentration
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Currency
risk |
P
|
P
|
NP
|
|
Derivatives
risk |
–
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Emerging
markets risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Energy
sector risk |
NP
|
P
|
–
|
|
ESG
screening risk |
P
|
–
|
–
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange transactions and forward foreign
currency contracts risk |
P
|
P
|
NP
|
|
Foreign
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Government
and regulatory risk |
P
|
–
|
–
|
|
Growth
stock risk |
–
|
P
|
P
|
|
IBOR
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Industry
and sector risk |
P
|
P
|
–
|
|
Information
technology sector risk |
–
|
–
|
P
|
|
Initial
public offering (IPO) risk |
P
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Investment
company securities risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Large-capitalization
company risk |
NP
|
NP
|
P
|
|
Limited
number of securities risk |
–
|
P
|
P
|
|
Liquidity
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Market
risk |
P
|
P
|
P
|
|
Master
limited partnership (MLP) risk |
–
|
NP
|
–
|
|
Materials
sector risk |
–
|
NP
|
–
|
|
Metals
investment risk |
–
|
NP
|
–
|
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
NP
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Natural
resources industry risk |
–
|
P
|
–
|
|
Nondiversification
risk |
P
|
–
|
P
|
|
Portfolio
turnover risk |
NP
|
–
|
–
|
|
Redemption
risk |
–
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Restricted
securities risk |
–
|
–
|
NP
|
|
Science
and technology industry risk |
–
|
–
|
P
|
|
Securities
lending risk |
–
|
NP
|
NP
|
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk |
NP
|
NP
|
P
|
|
Utilities
sector risk |
P
|
–
|
–
|
|
Value
stock risk |
–
|
P
|
–
|
|
|
Nomura
Fund | |
|
Risk
|
Healthcare
|
Real
Estate Securities |
|
Active
management and selection risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Concentration
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Counterparty
risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
Derivatives
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Emerging
markets risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Foreign
risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Government
and regulatory risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Growth
stock risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Healthcare
sector risk |
P
|
–
|
|
IBOR
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Income
risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Industry
and sector risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Initial
public offering (IPO) risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Interest
rate risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Investment
company securities risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Large-capitalization
company risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Leveraging
risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
Limited
number of securities risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Liquidity
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Market
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Nondiversification
risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Prepayment
risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Real
assets industries risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Real
estate industry risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Redemption
risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
REIT-related
risk |
–
|
P
|
|
REOC-related
risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Securities
lending risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Value
stock risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
|
Nomura
Fund | |
|
Risk
|
Global
Bond |
High
Income |
|
Active
management and selection risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Capital
repatriation risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Commodity-related
investments risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
Convertible
security risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Credit
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Currency
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Derivatives
risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Deferred
payment securities risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Distressed
securities risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Emerging
markets risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
Fixed
income risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts
risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
Foreign
government and supranational securities risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
Foreign
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Government
and regulatory risk |
P
|
NP
|
|
High
yield (junk) bond risk |
P
|
P
|
|
IBOR
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Interest
rate risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Investment
company securities risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Liquidity
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Loans
and other direct indebtedness risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Mortgage-backed
and asset-backed securities risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
New
issue risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Payment-in-kind
securities risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Portfolio
turnover risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Preferred
stock risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Prepayment
risk |
P
|
P
|
|
Redemption
risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Restricted
securities risk |
NP
|
P
|
|
Securities
lending risk |
NP
|
NP
|
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk |
NP
|
–
|
|
Subsidiary
risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Subsidiary
tax risk |
–
|
NP
|
|
US
government securities risk |
P
|
–
|
|
Zero
coupon and payment-in-kind (PIK) bonds risk |
–
|
P
|
|
Active
management and selection risk |
|
Capital
repatriation risk |
|
China
investment risk |
|
Climate
change investment focus risk |
|
Commodity-related
investments risk |
|
Concentration
risk |
|
Convertible
security risk |
|
Counterparty
risk |
|
Credit
risk |
|
Currency
risk |
|
Deferred
payment securities risk |
|
Derivatives
risk |
|
Distressed
securities risk |
|
Dividend
paying stock risk |
|
Emerging
markets risk |
|
Energy
sector risk |
|
ESG
screening risk |
|
Exchange-traded
funds risk |
|
Fixed
income risk |
|
Foreign
currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts risk |
|
Foreign
government and supranational securities risk |
|
Foreign
risk |
|
Frontier
market risk |
|
Geographic
focus risk |
|
Government
and regulatory risk |
|
Growth
stock risk |
|
Healthcare
sector risk |
|
High
yield (junk) bond risk |
|
IBOR
risk |
|
Income
risk |
|
Industrials
sector risk |
|
Industry
and sector risk |
|
Information
technology sector risk |
|
Initial
public offering (IPO) risk |
|
Interest
rate risk |
|
Investment
company securities risk |
|
Large-capitalization
company risk |
|
Leveraging
risk |
|
Limited
number of securities risk |
|
Liquidity
risk |
|
Loans
and other direct indebtedness risk |
|
Market
risk |
|
Master
limited partnership (MLP) risk |
|
Materials
sector risk |
|
Metals
investment risk |
|
Mortgage-backed
and asset-backed securities risk |
|
Natural
disaster and epidemic risk |
|
Natural
resources industry risk |
|
New
issue risk |
|
Nondiversification
risk |
|
Payment-in-kind
securities risk |
|
Portfolio
turnover risk |
|
Preferred
stock risk |
|
Prepayment
risk |
|
Real
assets industries risk |
|
Real
estate industry risk |
|
Redemption
risk |
|
REIT-related
risk |
|
REOC-related
risk |
|
Restricted
securities risk |
|
Science
and technology industry risk |
|
Securities
lending risk |
|
Small-
and mid-market capitalization company risk |
|
Subsidiary
risk |
|
Subsidiary
tax risk |
|
US
government securities risk |
|
Utilities
sector risk |
|
Value
stock risk |
|
Zero
coupon and payment in kind (PIK) bonds risk |
|
|
As
a percentage of
average daily net assets |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund.....................................................................
|
0.67%
|
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund..........................................................................
|
0.56%
|
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund........................................................................
|
0.61%
|
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund......................................................................
|
0.65%
|
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund.............................................................
|
0.56%
|
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund...................................................................
|
0.50%
|
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund....................................................................
|
0.60%
|
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund.........................................................
|
0.64%
|
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund.....................................................................
|
0.62%
|
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund...................................................................
|
0.67%
|
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund....................................................
|
0.51%
|
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund...................................................................
|
0.47%
|
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund.........................................................................
|
0.79%
|
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund..................................................................
|
0.63%
|
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund................................................................
|
0.38%
|
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund..............................................................
|
0.79%
|
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund.......................................................................
|
0.42%
|
|
Nomura
High Income Fund.......................................................................
|
0.45%
|
|
● |
Joined
Macquarie in 2001 |
|
● |
Based
in Sydney |
|
● |
Joined
Macquarie in 2014 |
|
● |
Based
in Sydney |
|
Class
A |
|
● |
Class
A shares have an upfront sales charge that is noted in the Class A sales charges table below. |
|
● |
If
you invest the amounts noted in the Class A sales charges table below, your front-end sales charge will be reduced. |
|
● |
You
may qualify for other reduced sales charges and, under certain circumstances, the sales charge may be waived, as described in “How
to reduce your sales charge” below.
|
|
● |
Class
A shares are also subject to an annual 12b-1 fee no greater than 0.25% of average daily net assets. See “Dealer compensation”
below for further information. Certain shares
in accounts that established positions prior to January 1, 1992 in Class A shares of Nomura Global Growth Fund are
not subject to an ongoing 12b-1 fee. In addition, as the result of the mergers of certain predecessor funds into Nomura Mid Cap Growth
Fund and Nomura High Income Fund, the total
12b-1 fee to be paid by Class A shareholders of Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund and Nomura High Income Fund
will be the sum of 0.10% of the average daily net assets representing the shares of the predecessor funds that were acquired prior
to June 1, 1992 and 0.25% of the average
daily net assets representing all other shares of the Funds. All Class A shareholders will bear the Class A 12b-1 fee at
the same rate. Accordingly, the arrangements for Nomura Global Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund and Nomura High Income Fund may
result in an effective 12b-1 fee rate that is lower than 0.25% of the net assets attributable to outstanding Class A shares of these
Funds. |
|
● |
Class
A shares generally are not subject to a CDSC, except in the limited circumstances described in the table below.
|
|
● |
Because
of the higher 12b-1 fee, Class A shares have higher expenses and any dividends paid on these shares are generally lower than dividends
on Institutional Class and Class R6 shares.
|
|
● |
In
addition, you may have received Class A shares as the result of a merger or reorganization of a predecessor fund. |
|
Amount
of purchase |
Sales
charge as a % of offering price |
Sales
charge as a % of net amount invested |
|
Less
than $50,000............................................................
|
5.75%
|
6.10%
|
|
$50,000
but less than $100,000...................................................
|
4.75%
|
4.99%
|
|
$100,000
but less than $250,000..................................................
|
3.75%
|
3.90%
|
|
$250,000
but less than $500,000..................................................
|
2.50%
|
2.56%
|
|
$500,000
but less than $1 million..................................................
|
2.00%
|
2.04%
|
|
$1
million or more.............................................................
|
none*
|
none*
|
| * | There is no front-end sales charge when you purchase $1 million or more of Class A shares. However, if Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor) paid your financial intermediary a commission on your purchase of $1 million or more of Class A shares, you will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem these shares within the first 18 months after your purchase, unless a specific waiver of the Limited CDSC applies. The Limited CDSC will be paid to the Distributor and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of: (1) the NAV at the time the Class A shares being redeemed were purchased; or (2) the NAV of such Class A shares at the time of redemption. For purposes of this formula, the “NAV at the time of purchase” will be the NAV at purchase of the Class A shares even if those shares are later exchanged for shares of another Nomura Fund and, in the event of an exchange of Class A shares, the “NAV of such shares at the time of redemption” will be the NAV of the shares acquired in the exchange. In determining whether a Limited CDSC is payable, it will be assumed that shares not subject to the Limited CDSC are the first redeemed followed by other shares held for the longest period of time. See “Dealer compensation” below for a description of the dealer commission that is paid. |
|
Amount
of purchase |
Sales
charge as a % of offering price |
Sales
charge as a % of net amount invested |
|
Less
than $100,000...........................................................
|
4.50%
|
4.71%
|
|
$100,000
but less than $250,000..................................................
|
3.50%
|
3.63%
|
|
$250,000
but less than $500,000..................................................
|
2.50%
|
2.56%
|
|
$500,000
but less than $1 million..................................................
|
2.00%
|
2.04%
|
|
$1
million or more.............................................................
|
none*
|
none*
|
| * | There is no front-end sales charge when you purchase $1 million or more of Class A shares. However, if Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor) paid your financial intermediary a commission on your purchase of $1 million or more of Class A shares, you will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem these shares within the first 18 months after your purchase, unless a specific waiver of the Limited CDSC applies. The Limited CDSC will be paid to the Distributor and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of: (1) the NAV at the time the Class A shares being redeemed were purchased; or (2) the NAV of such Class A shares at the time of redemption. For purposes of this formula, the “NAV at the time of purchase” will be the NAV at purchase of the Class A shares even if those shares are later exchanged for shares of another Nomura Fund and, in the event of an exchange of Class A shares, the “NAV of such shares at the time of redemption” will be the NAV of the shares acquired in the exchange. In determining whether a Limited CDSC is payable, it will be assumed that shares not subject to the Limited CDSC are the first redeemed followed by other shares held for the longest period of time. See “Dealer compensation” below for a description of the dealer commission that is paid. |
|
Class
C |
|
● |
Class
C shares have no upfront sales charge, so the full amount of your purchase is invested in a
Fund. However, you will pay a CDSC of 1.00% if you
redeem your shares within 12 months after you buy them. |
|
● |
In
determining whether the CDSC applies to a redemption of Class C shares, it will be assumed that shares held for more than
12 months are redeemed first, followed by
shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends or distributions, and finally by shares held for 12 months or less. For
further information on how the CDSC is determined, please see “Calculation of contingent deferred sales charges — Class
C” below. |
|
● |
Under
certain circumstances, the CDSC may be waived; please see “Waivers of contingent deferred sales charges” below
for further information. |
|
● |
For
approximately eight years after you buy your Class C shares, they are subject to an annual 12b-1 fee no greater than 1.00%
of average daily net assets (of which 0.25%
is a service fee) paid to the Distributor, dealers, or others for providing services and maintaining shareholder accounts.
|
|
● |
Class C
shares are eligible to automatically convert to Class A shares with a 12b-1 fee of no more than 0.25% approximately eight years after
you buy Class C shares. Conversion may occur
as late as one month after the eighth anniversary of purchase, during which time Class C’s higher 12b-1
fee applies. Please refer to the Funds’
SAI for more details on this automatic conversion feature. |
|
● |
You
may purchase only up to $1 million of Class C shares at any one time. Orders that equal or exceed $1 million will be rejected.
|
|
● |
Because
of their higher 12b-1 fee, Class C shares have higher expenses and any dividends paid on these shares are generally lower
than dividends on Class A, Class R, Institutional
Class, and Class R6 shares. |
|
● |
Class C
shares with no financial intermediary will be converted to Class A shares at NAV within a certain time frame after a financial intermediary
resigns, as determined by the Manager. Additionally,
investors may only open an account to purchase Class C shares if they have appointed a financial
intermediary. |
|
Institutional
Class |
|
● |
Institutional
Class shares have no upfront sales charge, so the full amount of your purchase is invested in a
Fund. |
|
● |
Institutional
Class shares are not subject to a CDSC. |
|
● |
Institutional
Class shares do not assess a 12b-1 fee. |
|
● |
Institutional
Class shares are available for purchase only by the following: |
|
○ |
retirement
plans or certain other programs that are maintained on platforms sponsored by financial intermediary firms, provided the financial intermediary
firms or their trust companies (or entities performing similar trading/clearing functions) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor
(or its affiliate) related to such plans or programs; |
|
○ |
tax-exempt
employee benefit plans of the Manager, its affiliates, and securities dealers that have a selling agreement with the Distributor;
|
|
○ |
a
bank, trust company, or similar financial institution investing for its own account or for the account of its trust customers for whom
the financial institution is exercising investment
discretion in purchasing Institutional Class shares, except where the investment is part of a program that requires
payment to the financial institution of a Rule 12b-1 Plan fee; |
|
○ |
registered
investment advisors (RIAs) investing on behalf of clients that consist solely of institutions and high net worth individuals whose assets
are entrusted to an RIA for investment purposes
for accounts requiring Institutional Class shares (use of the Institutional Class shares is restricted
to RIAs who are not affiliated or associated with a broker or dealer and who derive compensation for their services exclusively from their
advisory clients); |
|
○ |
programs
sponsored by, controlled by, and/or clearing transactions submitted through a financial intermediary where: (1) such programs allow or
require the purchase of Institutional Class
shares; (2) a financial intermediary has entered into an agreement with the Distributor and/or the transfer
agent allowing certain purchases of Institutional Class shares; and (3) a financial intermediary (i) charges clients an ongoing fee for
advisory, investment consulting, or similar
services, or (ii) offers the Institutional Class shares through a no-commission network or platform; |
|
○ |
through
a brokerage program of a financial intermediary that has entered into a written agreement with the Distributor and/or the transfer agent
specifically allowing purchases of Institutional
Class shares in such programs; |
|
○ |
exchanges
from the Institutional Class shares of Nomura Ultrashort Fund; |
|
○ |
private
investment vehicles, including, but not limited to, foundations and endowments; or |
|
○ |
current
and former officers, Trustees/Directors, and employees of any Nomura Fund, the Manager, any of the Manager’s affiliates, or any
predecessor fund to a Nomura Fund, provided
that such shares are either held in an account opened directly with the Fund or are held through an
account with a financial intermediary that permits the purchase of such shares. At the direction of such persons, their family members
(regardless of age), and any employee benefit
plan, trust, or other entity directly owned by, controlled by, or established by any of the foregoing individuals
identified in this paragraph may also purchase Institutional Class shares subject to the same account requirements. |
|
● |
In
addition, you may have received Institutional Class shares as the result of a merger or reorganization of a predecessor fund.
|
|
Class
R6 |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares have no upfront sales charge, so the full amount of your purchase is invested in a Fund. Class R6 shares are not subject to
a CDSC. |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares do not assess a 12b-1 fee. |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares do not pay any service fees, sub-accounting fees, and/or sub-transfer agency fees to any brokers, dealers, or other financial
intermediaries. |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares are generally available to certain employer-sponsored retirement plans, such as 401(k) plans, 457 plans, 403(b) plans, profit-sharing
plans and money purchase pension plans, defined benefit plans, employer-sponsored benefit plans, and non-qualified deferred compensation
plans. In addition, for these employer-sponsored retirement plans, Class R6 shares must be held through plan level or omnibus accounts
held on the books of a Fund, and Class R6 shares are only available for purchase through financial intermediaries who have the appropriate
agreement with the Distributor (or its affiliates) related to Class R6. |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares are also available for purchase through certain programs, platforms, or accounts that are maintained or sponsored by financial
intermediary firms (including but not limited
to, brokers, dealers, banks, trust companies, or entities performing trading/clearing functions), provided that
the financial intermediary firm has entered into an agreement with the Distributor (or its affiliates) related to Class R6 for such programs,
platforms or accounts. |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares are also generally available for purchase by or through funds (including mutual funds registered under the Investment Company
Act of 1940 and collective trusts) of funds.
|
|
● |
In
addition to the foregoing list of eligible investors, Class R6 shares are generally available to certain institutional investors and high
net worth individuals who make a minimum
initial investment directly in a Fund’s Class R6 shares of $1,000,000 or more and who have completed an application
and been approved by the Funds for such investment. These institutional investors and high net worth individuals must open accounts in
Class R6 shares directly in their names. |
|
● |
Class
R6 shares may not be available through certain financial intermediaries. |
|
● |
In
addition, you may have received Class R6 shares as the result of a merger or reorganization of a predecessor fund. |
|
Class
R |
|
● |
Class
R shares have no upfront sales charge, so the full amount of your purchase is invested in a Fund. Class R shares are not subject to a
CDSC. |
|
● |
Class
R shares are subject to an annual 12b-1 fee no greater than 0.50% of average daily net assets. |
|
● |
Class
R shares generally are available only to: (i) qualified and nonqualified plan shareholders covering multiple employees (including 401(k),
401(a), 457, and noncustodial 403(b) plans,
as well as certain other nonqualified deferred compensation plans); and (ii) individual retirement account
(IRA) rollovers from legacy Delaware Investments plans that were previously maintained on the Delaware Investments retirement recordkeeping
system or the retirement recordkeeping system of Ascensus that are offering Class R shares to participants. |
|
● |
Except
as noted above, no other IRAs are eligible for Class R shares (for example, no traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, SEPs, or SARSEPs).
|
|
● |
Unlike
Class C shares, Class R shares do not automatically convert into another class. |
|
● |
Any
account holding Class A shares of Nomura Healthcare Fund as of the date Class R shares were made available for that Fund
continues to be eligible to purchase the
Fund’s Class A shares after that date. Any account holding Nomura Healthcare Fund’s Class R shares is not eligible to purchase
its Class A shares. |
|
● |
Because
of their higher 12b-1 fee, Class R shares have higher expenses and any dividends paid on these shares are generally lower than dividends
on Class A, Institutional Class, and Class R6 shares. |
|
● |
Certain
intermediaries may offer Class R shares to other account types under an agreement with the Distributor or its affiliates relating to such
accounts. |
|
Class
Y |
|
● |
participants
of employee benefit plans established under Section 401(a) (including a 401(k) plan), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Internal Revenue Code for
which an unaffiliated third party intermediary provides administrative, distribution and/or other support services to the plan;
|
|
● |
individuals
investing in fee-based brokerage or advisory accounts, wrap accounts and asset allocation programs that charge asset-based fees, through
certain investment advisers and broker-dealers, including banks, trust institutions, investment fund administrators and other third parties
investing for their own accounts or for the
accounts of their customers, and for which entity an unaffiliated third party provides administrative, distribution
and/or other support services; |
|
● |
government
entities or authorities and corporations whose investment within the first 12 months after initial investment is $10 million or more and
to which entity an unaffiliated third party
intermediary provides certain administrative, distribution and/or other support services; or |
|
● |
clients
of financial intermediaries who have self-directed brokerage accounts (that may or may not charge transaction fees to those clients),
provided that such financial intermediaries
have entered into an agreement with the Distributor and have been approved by the Distributor to offer Class
Y shares within such self-directed brokerage accounts. |
|
|
Class
A1 |
Class
C2 |
Class
R3 |
Class Y4
|
|
Commission
(%).................................................
|
—
|
1.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
Investment
less than $50,000.......................................
|
5.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$50,000
but less than $100,000......................................
|
4.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$100,000
but less than $250,000.....................................
|
3.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$250,000
but less than $500,000.....................................
|
2.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$500,000
but less than $1 million.....................................
|
1.60%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$1
million but less than $5 million.....................................
|
1.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$5
million but less than $25 million....................................
|
0.50%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$25
million or more...............................................
|
0.25%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
12b-1
fee to dealer...............................................
|
0.25%
|
1.00%
|
0.50%
|
0.25%
|
|
|
Class
A1 |
Class
C2 |
Class
R3 |
Class Y4
|
|
Commission
(%).................................................
|
—
|
1.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
Less
than $100,000..............................................
|
4.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$100,000
but less than $250,000.....................................
|
3.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$250,000
but less than $500,000.....................................
|
2.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$500,000
but less than $1 million.....................................
|
1.60%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$1
million but less than $5 million.....................................
|
1.00%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$5
million but less than $25 million....................................
|
0.50%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
$25
million or more...............................................
|
0.25%
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
12b-1
fee to dealer...............................................
|
0.25%
|
1.00%
|
0.50%
|
0.25%
|
|
|
Class
A1 |
Class
C2 |
Class
R3 |
|
Commission
(%).............................................................
|
—
|
1.00%
|
—
|
|
Investment
less than $50,000...................................................
|
5.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$50,000
but less than $100,000..................................................
|
4.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$100,000
but less than $250,000.................................................
|
3.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$250,000
but less than $500,000.................................................
|
2.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$500,000
but less than $1 million.................................................
|
1.60%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$1
million but less than $5 million................................................
|
1.00%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$5
million but less than $25 million................................................
|
0.50%
|
—
|
—
|
|
$25
million or more...........................................................
|
0.25%
|
—
|
—
|
|
12b-1
fee to dealer...........................................................
|
0.25%
|
1.00%
|
0.50%
|
| 1 | On sales of Class A shares, the Distributor reallows to your securities dealer a portion of the front-end sales charge depending upon the amount you invested. Your securities dealer may be eligible to receive a 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25% from the date of purchase. On sales of Class A shares where there is no front-end sales charge, the Distributor may pay your securities dealer an upfront commission of up to 1.00%. The upfront commission includes an advance of the first year’s 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%. During the first 12 months, the Distributor will retain the 12b-1 fee to partially offset the upfront commission advanced at the time of purchase. Starting in the 13th month, your securities dealer may be eligible to receive the full 12b-1 fee applicable to Class A shares. Certain shares in accounts that established positions in Class A shares of Nomura Global Growth Fund prior to January 1, 1992 are not subject to an ongoing 12b-1 fee. In addition, as the result of the mergers of certain predecessor funds into Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund and Nomura High Income Fund, the total 12b-1 fee to be paid by Class A shareholders of Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund and Nomura High Income Fund will be the sum of 0.10% of the average daily net assets representing the shares of the predecessor funds that were acquired prior to June 1, 1992 and 0.25% of the average daily net assets representing all other shares of the Funds. These arrangements may result in an effective 12b-1 fee rate that is lower than 0.25% of the net assets attributable to outstanding Class A shares of these Funds. |
| 2 | On sales of Class C shares, the Distributor may pay your securities dealer an upfront commission of 1.00%. The upfront commission includes an advance of the first year’s 12b-1 service fee of up to 0.25%. During the first 12 months, the Distributor retains the full 1.00% 12b-1 fee to partially offset the upfront commission and the prepaid 0.25% service fee advanced at the time of purchase. Starting in the 13th month, your securities dealer may be eligible to receive the full 1.00% 12b-1 fee applicable to Class C shares. Alternatively, certain intermediaries may not be eligible to receive the upfront commission of 1.00%, but may receive the 12b-1 fee for sales of Class C shares from the date of purchase. After approximately eight years, Class C shares are eligible to automatically convert to Class A shares and dealers may then be eligible to receive the 12b-1 fee applicable to Class A shares. |
| 3 | On sales of Class R shares, the Distributor does not pay your securities dealer an upfront commission. Your securities dealer may be eligible to receive a 12b-1 fee of up to 0.50% from the date of purchase. |
| 4 | On sales of Class Y shares, the Distributor does not pay your securities dealer an upfront commission. Your securities dealer may be eligible to receive a 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25% from the date of purchase. |
|
Class
A |
Class
C |
|
Available.
|
Although
the letter of intent does not apply to the purchase of Class C shares, you can combine your
purchase of Class C shares with your purchase of Class A shares to fulfill your letter of intent. Although
the rights of accumulation do not apply to the purchase of Class C shares, you can combine
the value of your Class C shares with the value of your Class A shares to receive a reduced
sales charge. |
|
Class
A |
Class
C |
|
Available.
|
Not
available. |
|
Class
A |
Class
C |
|
Available.
|
Although
the letter of intent does not apply to the purchase of Class C shares, you can combine your
purchase of Class C shares with your purchase of Class A shares to fulfill your letter of intent. Although
the rights of accumulation do not apply to the purchase of Class C shares, you can combine
the value of your Class C shares with the value of your Class A shares to receive a reduced
sales charge. |
|
● |
Shares
purchased under the Nomura Funds dividend reinvestment plan and, under certain circumstances, the exchange privilege and
the 90-day reinvestment privilege.
|
|
● |
Purchases
by: (i) current and former officers, Trustees/Directors, and employees of any Nomura Fund, the Manager, any of the Manager’s current
affiliates and those that may in the future
be created, or any predecessor fund to a Nomura Fund, including the funds formerly advised by Foresters Investment
Management Company, Inc., Ivy Investment Management Company, Waddell & Reed, or any other fund families acquired or merged into
the Nomura Funds; (ii) current employees of legal counsel to Nomura Funds; and (iii) registered representatives, employees, officers,
and directors of broker/dealers who have
entered into dealer’s agreements with the Distributor. At the direction of such persons, their family members (regardless
of age), and any employee benefit plan, trust, or other entity directly owned by, controlled by, or established by any of the foregoing
may also purchase shares at NAV.
|
|
● |
Purchases
by bank employees who provide services in connection with agreements between the bank and unaffiliated brokers or dealers concerning
sales of shares of Nomura Funds. |
|
● |
Purchases
by certain officers, trustees, and key employees of institutional clients of the Manager or any of its affiliates. |
|
● |
Purchases
by programs sponsored by, controlled by, and/or clearing transactions submitted through a financial intermediary where: (i) such programs
allow or require the purchase of Class A shares; (ii) a financial intermediary has entered into an agreement with the Distributor and/or
the transfer agent allowing certain purchases
of Class A shares; and (iii) a financial intermediary (1) charges clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment
consulting, or similar services, or (2) offers the Class A shares through a no-commission network or platform. Investors may be charged
a fee by their financial intermediary when
effecting transactions in Class A shares through a financial intermediary that offers these programs. |
|
● |
Purchases
for the benefit of the clients of brokers, dealers, and other financial intermediaries if such brokers, dealers, or other financial intermediaries
have entered into an agreement with the Distributor providing for the purchase of Class A shares at NAV through self-directed
brokerage service platforms or programs.
Investors may be charged a fee by their financial intermediary when effecting transactions in Class A shares
at NAV through a self-directed investment brokerage service platform or program. |
|
● |
Purchases
by financial institutions investing for the accounts of their trust customers if they are not eligible to purchase Institutional Class
shares, if applicable. |
|
● |
Purchases
by retirement plans or certain other programs that are maintained or sponsored by financial intermediary firms, provided the financial
intermediary firms or their trust companies
(or entities performing similar trading/clearing functions) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor
(or its affiliates) related to such plans or programs. |
|
● |
Purchases
by certain legacy bank-sponsored retirement plans and certain legacy retirement assets that meet requirements set forth in the SAI.
|
|
● |
Investments
made by plan level and/or participant retirement accounts that are for the purpose of repaying a loan taken from such accounts.
|
|
● |
Purchases
by certain participants in defined contribution plans and members of their households whose plan assets will be rolled over into IRA accounts
(IRA Program) where the financial intermediary has entered into an agreement specifically relating to such IRA Program with the Distributor
and/or the transfer agent. |
|
● |
Purchases
by certain participants of particular group retirement plans as described in the SAI. |
|
● |
Additional
purchases by existing shareholders whose accounts were eligible for purchasing shares at NAV under a predecessor fund’s
eligibility requirements set by the predecessor
fund’s company. |
|
● |
Investments
made into an account with no financial intermediary or no longer associated with a financial intermediary may invest in Class A shares
without a sales charge. |
|
● |
Redemptions
in accordance with a systematic withdrawal plan:
Redemptions in accordance with a systematic withdrawal plan, provided the annual
amount selected to be withdrawn under the plan does not exceed 12% of the value of the account on the date that the systematic withdrawal
plan was established or modified. |
|
● |
Redemptions
that result from the right to liquidate a shareholder’s account:
Redemptions that result from the right to liquidate a shareholder’s
account if the aggregate NAV of the shares held in the account is less than the then-effective minimum account size. |
|
● |
Section
401(a) qualified retirement plan distributions:
Distributions to participants or beneficiaries from a retirement plan trading on a recordkeeping
platform qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. |
|
● |
Section
401(a) qualified retirement plan redemptions:
Redemptions pursuant to the direction of a participant or beneficiary of a retirement plan trading
on a recordkeeping platform qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to that retirement plan.
|
|
● |
Periodic
distributions or systematic withdrawals from a retirement account or qualified plan:
Periodic distributions or systematic withdrawals
from an individual retirement account (traditional IRA, Roth IRA, SIMPLE IRA, SEP, SARSEP, and Coverdell ESA) or a qualified
plan1 (401(k), SIMPLE 401(k), Profit Sharing,
Money Purchase, 403(b)(7), and 457 Retirement Plans) not subject to a penalty under Section 72(t)(2)(A) of
the Internal Revenue Code or a hardship or unforeseen emergency provision in the qualified plan as described in Treas. Reg. §1.401(k)-1(d)(3)
and Section 457(d)(1)(A)(iii) of the Internal
Revenue Code. |
|
● |
Returns
of excess contributions due to any regulatory limit:
Returns of excess contributions due to any regulatory limit from an individual retirement
account (traditional IRA, Roth IRA, SIMPLE IRA, SEP, SARSEP, and Coverdell ESA) or a qualified plan1
(401(k), SIMPLE 401(k), Profit Sharing, Money
Purchase, 403(b)(7), and 457 Retirement Plans). |
|
● |
Distributions
by other employee benefit plans: Distributions
by other employee benefit plans to pay benefits. |
|
● |
Distributions
from an account of a redemption resulting from death or disability:
Distributions from an account of a redemption resulting from the
death or disability (as defined in Section 72(t)(2)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code) of a registered owner or a registered joint owner
occurring after the purchase of the shares
being redeemed. In the case of accounts established under the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act or Uniform Transfers to Minors
Act or trust accounts, the waiver applies upon the death of all beneficial owners. |
|
● |
Redemptions
by certain legacy retirement assets:
Redemptions by certain legacy retirement assets that meet the requirements set forth in the SAI.
|
|
● |
Redemptions
in connection with a fund liquidation:
Redemptions subsequent to the fund liquidation notice to shareholders. |
| 1 | Qualified plans that are fully redeemed at the direction of the plan’s fiduciary may be subject to any applicable CDSC or Limited CDSC, unless the redemption is due to the termination of the plan. |
|
Through
your financial intermediary |
|
Directly
with the Nomura Funds |
|
Through
automated shareholder services |
|
Through
your financial intermediary |
|
Directly
with the Nomura Funds |
|
● |
By
check — Sent to your address of record, provided there has not been an address change in the last 30 days. |
|
● |
By
wire — Sent directly to your bank by wire, if you redeem at least $1,000 of shares. If you request a wire transfer, a bank wire
fee may be deducted from your proceeds.
|
|
● |
By ACH
— Sent via Automated Clearing House (ACH), subject to a $25 minimum. |
|
Through
automated shareholder services |
|
Redemptions-in-kind
|
|
Online
account access |
|
Electronic
delivery |
|
Automatic
investment plan |
|
Direct
deposit |
|
Systematic
exchange option |
|
Dividend
reinvestment plan |
|
Exchange
of shares |
|
On
demand service |
|
Direct
deposit service |
|
Systematic
withdrawal plan |
|
Right
to discontinue offering shares and/or to merge or liquidate a share class |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
endedφ
3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$21.44
|
$21.66
|
$18.60
|
$23.05
|
$24.45
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.31
|
0.362
|
0.452
|
0.32
|
0.29
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
2.513
|
1.04
|
3.23
|
(1.53)
|
1.12
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
2.82
|
1.40
|
3.68
|
(1.21)
|
1.41
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.27)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.62)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.55)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.93)
|
(1.28)
|
—
|
(2.97)
|
(2.26)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.20)
|
(1.62)
|
(0.62)
|
(3.24)
|
(2.81)
| |
|
Capital
contribution by affiliates...........................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$22.06
|
$21.44
|
$21.66
|
$18.60
|
$23.05
| |
|
Total
return5........................................
|
13.03%3,6
|
6.41%2,4
|
20.14%2
|
(4.79%)
|
5.33%7
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$1,217,397
|
$1,232,911
|
$1,327,361
|
$1,259,211
|
$1,531,209
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets8....................
|
1.11%
|
1.11%
|
1.05%
|
1.15%
|
1.11%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived8......
|
1.11%
|
1.11%
|
1.05%
|
1.15%
|
1.11%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.35%
|
1.61%
|
2.29%
|
1.61%
|
1.16%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.35%
|
1.61%
|
2.29%
|
1.61%
|
1.16%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
76%
|
67%
|
54%
|
74%
|
33%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03 and $0.07 and total return by 0.14% and 0.38% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.06 and total return by 0.28%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates and capital contribution by affiliates are less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 8 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
endedφ
3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$19.17
|
$19.54
|
$16.84
|
$21.25
|
$22.75
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.12
|
0.172
|
0.282
|
0.11
|
0.08
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
2.233
|
0.95
|
2.91
|
(1.44)
|
1.05
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
2.35
|
1.12
|
3.19
|
(1.33)
|
1.13
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.13)
|
(0.21)
|
(0.49)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.93)
|
(1.28)
|
—
|
(2.97)
|
(2.26)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.06)
|
(1.49)
|
(0.49)
|
(3.08)
|
(2.63)
| |
|
Capital
contribution by affiliates...........................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$19.46
|
$19.17
|
$19.54
|
$16.84
|
$21.25
| |
|
Total
return5........................................
|
12.13%3,6
|
5.65%2,4
|
19.26%2
|
(5.80%)
|
4.49%7
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$29,874
|
$31,469
|
$37,710
|
$48,216
|
$89,955
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets8....................
|
1.86%
|
1.86%
|
1.80%
|
2.18%
|
1.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived8......
|
1.86%
|
1.86%
|
1.80%
|
2.18%
|
1.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
0.60%
|
0.87%
|
1.58%
|
0.58%
|
0.35%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
0.60%
|
0.87%
|
1.58%
|
0.58%
|
0.35%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
76%
|
67%
|
54%
|
74%
|
33%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03 and $0.06 and total return by 0.15% and 0.36% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.05 and total return by 0.26%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates and capital contribution by affiliates are less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 8 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
endedφ
3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$20.98
|
$21.23
|
$18.24
|
$22.68
|
$24.09
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.25
|
0.292
|
0.392
|
0.25
|
0.20
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
2.443
|
1.03
|
3.18
|
(1.51)
|
1.11
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
2.69
|
1.32
|
3.57
|
(1.26)
|
1.31
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.22)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.58)
|
(0.21)
|
(0.46)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.93)
|
(1.28)
|
—
|
(2.97)
|
(2.26)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.15)
|
(1.57)
|
(0.58)
|
(3.18)
|
(2.72)
| |
|
Capital
contribution by affiliates...........................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$21.52
|
$20.98
|
$21.23
|
$18.24
|
$22.68
| |
|
Total
return5........................................
|
12.68%3,6
|
6.16%2,4
|
19.88%2
|
(5.10%)
|
4.98%7
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$19,723
|
$20,596
|
$21,732
|
$20,073
|
$23,787
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets8....................
|
1.36%
|
1.36%
|
1.30%
|
1.47%
|
1.46%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived8......
|
1.36%
|
1.36%
|
1.30%
|
1.47%
|
1.46%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.10%
|
1.36%
|
2.04%
|
1.29%
|
0.81%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.10%
|
1.36%
|
2.04%
|
1.29%
|
0.81%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
76%
|
67%
|
54%
|
74%
|
33%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03 and $0.07 and total return by 0.14% and 0.38% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.06 and total return by 0.29%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates and capital contribution by affiliates are less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 8 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
endedφ
3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$21.99
|
$22.17
|
$19.01
|
$23.48
|
$24.85
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.38
|
0.422
|
0.512
|
0.38
|
0.36
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
2.563
|
1.08
|
3.31
|
(1.57)
|
1.14
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
2.94
|
1.50
|
3.82
|
(1.19)
|
1.50
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.66)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.61)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.93)
|
(1.28)
|
—
|
(2.97)
|
(2.26)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.25)
|
(1.68)
|
(0.66)
|
(3.28)
|
(2.87)
| |
|
Capital
contribution by affiliates...........................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$22.68
|
$21.99
|
$22.17
|
$19.01
|
$23.48
| |
|
Total
return5........................................
|
13.28%3,6
|
6.69%2,4
|
20.49%2
|
(4.58%)
|
5.59%7
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$373,050
|
$340,532
|
$358,336
|
$393,751
|
$597,362
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets8....................
|
0.86%
|
0.86%
|
0.80%
|
0.90%
|
0.88%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived8......
|
0.86%
|
0.86%
|
0.80%
|
0.90%
|
0.88%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.59%
|
1.86%
|
2.56%
|
1.86%
|
1.39%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.59%
|
1.86%
|
2.56%
|
1.86%
|
1.39%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
76%
|
67%
|
54%
|
74%
|
33%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03 and $0.07 and total return by 0.14% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.06 and total return by 0.27%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates and capital contribution by affiliates are less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 8 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
endedφ
3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$22.06
|
$22.23
|
$19.08
|
$23.55
|
$24.92
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.40
|
0.452
|
0.512
|
0.41
|
0.40
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
2.573
|
1.08
|
3.32
|
(1.56)
|
1.14
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
2.97
|
1.53
|
3.83
|
(1.15)
|
1.54
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.34)
|
(0.42)
|
(0.68)
|
(0.35)
|
(0.65)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.93)
|
(1.28)
|
—
|
(2.97)
|
(2.26)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.27)
|
(1.70)
|
(0.68)
|
(3.32)
|
(2.91)
| |
|
Capital
contribution by affiliates...........................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$22.76
|
$22.06
|
$22.23
|
$19.08
|
$23.55
| |
|
Total
return5........................................
|
13.40%3,6
|
6.80%2,4
|
20.45%2
|
(4.39%)
|
5.73%7
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$18,092
|
$16,142
|
$20,788
|
$17,914
|
$16,520
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets8....................
|
0.76%
|
0.76%
|
0.77%
|
0.77%
|
0.72%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived8......
|
0.76%
|
0.76%
|
0.77%
|
0.77%
|
0.72%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.69%
|
1.96%
|
2.56%
|
1.99%
|
1.56%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.69%
|
1.96%
|
2.56%
|
1.99%
|
1.56%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
76%
|
67%
|
54%
|
74%
|
33%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03 and $0.07 and total return by 0.13% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.06 and total return by 0.27%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates and capital contribution by affiliates are less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 8 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
endedφ
3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$21.56
|
$21.77
|
$18.69
|
$23.14
|
$24.53
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.31
|
0.362
|
0.452
|
0.33
|
0.30
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
2.513
|
1.05
|
3.25
|
(1.53)
|
1.12
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
2.82
|
1.41
|
3.70
|
(1.20)
|
1.42
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.26)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.62)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.55)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.93)
|
(1.28)
|
—
|
(2.97)
|
(2.26)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.19)
|
(1.62)
|
(0.62)
|
(3.25)
|
(2.81)
| |
|
Capital
contributions...................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$22.19
|
$21.56
|
$21.77
|
$18.69
|
$23.14
| |
|
Total
return5........................................
|
13.00%3,6
|
6.42%2,4
|
20.15%2
|
(4.72%)
|
5.35%6,7
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$72,962
|
$75,188
|
$81,385
|
$78,829
|
$96,913
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets8....................
|
1.11%
|
1.11%
|
1.05%
|
1.11%
|
1.09%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived8......
|
1.11%
|
1.11%
|
1.05%
|
1.11%
|
1.11%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.35%
|
1.61%
|
2.30%
|
1.65%
|
1.17%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.35%
|
1.61%
|
2.30%
|
1.65%
|
1.15%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
76%
|
67%
|
54%
|
74%
|
33%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03 and $0.07 and total return by 0.14% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.06 and total return by 0.28%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates and capital contribution by affiliates are less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 8 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26α
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.21
|
$22.02
|
$18.85
|
$25.53
|
$27.29
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.34
|
0.32
|
0.26
|
0.21
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.82
|
1.10
|
3.362
|
(2.06)
|
1.28
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.16
|
1.42
|
3.62
|
(1.85)
|
1.40
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.31)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.45)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.12)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.38)
|
—
|
—
|
(4.68)
|
(3.04)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.69)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.45)
|
(4.83)
|
(3.16)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.68
|
$23.21
|
$22.02
|
$18.85
|
$25.53
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
9.27%4
|
6.48%4
|
19.36%2,4
|
(6.71%)
|
4.57%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,372,413
|
$1,080,933
|
$1,140,285
|
$1,102,496
|
$1,485,004
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.99%6
|
1.05%
|
1.06%
|
1.10%
|
1.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.11%6
|
1.08%
|
1.07%
|
1.10%
|
1.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.37%
|
1.40%
|
1.30%
|
0.97%
|
0.44%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.25%
|
1.37%
|
1.29%
|
0.97%
|
0.44%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
80%
|
76%
|
73%
|
82%
|
94%
|
| α | Consolidated financial highlights from August 22, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.03 and total return by 0.16%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26α
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$22.72
|
$21.60
|
$18.49
|
$25.21
|
$26.98
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
0.16
|
0.15
|
0.11
|
0.01
|
(0.09)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.77
|
1.07
|
3.292
|
(2.03)
|
1.25
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.93
|
1.22
|
3.40
|
(2.02)
|
1.16
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.12)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.02)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.38)
|
—
|
—
|
(4.68)
|
(2.93)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.50)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.29)
|
(4.70)
|
(2.93)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.15
|
$22.72
|
$21.60
|
$18.49
|
$25.21
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
8.44%4
|
5.66%4
|
18.44%2,4
|
(7.53%)
|
3.77%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$30,026
|
$34,221
|
$43,118
|
$63,537
|
$117,058
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.74%6
|
1.80%
|
1.81%
|
1.98%
|
1.82%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.86%6
|
1.83%
|
1.82%
|
1.98%
|
1.82%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
0.64%
|
0.65%
|
0.55%
|
0.06%
|
(0.34%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
0.52%
|
0.62%
|
0.54%
|
0.06%
|
(0.34%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
80%
|
76%
|
73%
|
82%
|
94%
|
| α | Consolidated financial highlights from August 22, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.03 and total return by 0.16%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26α
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.10
|
$21.93
|
$18.78
|
$25.46
|
$27.22
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.28
|
0.27
|
0.21
|
0.15
|
0.01
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.80
|
1.09
|
3.352
|
(2.05)
|
1.26
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.08
|
1.36
|
3.56
|
(1.90)
|
1.27
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.21)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.01)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.38)
|
—
|
—
|
(4.68)
|
(3.02)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.59)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.41)
|
(4.78)
|
(3.03)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.59
|
$23.10
|
$21.93
|
$18.78
|
$25.46
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
8.97%4
|
6.23%4
|
19.04%2,4
|
(6.97%)
|
4.15%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$6,951
|
$9,794
|
$9,503
|
$8,650
|
$10,852
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.24%6
|
1.30%
|
1.31%
|
1.38%
|
1.44%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.36%6
|
1.33%
|
1.32%
|
1.38%
|
1.44%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.14%
|
1.15%
|
1.05%
|
0.70%
|
0.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.02%
|
1.12%
|
1.04%
|
0.70%
|
0.04%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
80%
|
76%
|
73%
|
82%
|
94%
|
| α | Consolidated financial highlights from August 22, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.03 and total return by 0.16%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26α
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.24
|
$22.03
|
$18.86
|
$25.54
|
$27.29
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.41
|
0.38
|
0.31
|
0.26
|
0.18
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.82
|
1.11
|
3.362
|
(2.06)
|
1.28
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.23
|
1.49
|
3.67
|
(1.80)
|
1.46
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.37)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.50)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.17)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.38)
|
—
|
—
|
(4.68)
|
(3.04)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.75)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.50)
|
(4.88)
|
(3.21)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.72
|
$23.24
|
$22.03
|
$18.86
|
$25.54
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
9.56%4
|
6.76%4
|
19.63%2,4
|
(6.52%)
|
4.82%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$402,286
|
$327,848
|
$375,021
|
$406,338
|
$745,878
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.74%6
|
0.80%
|
0.81%
|
0.88%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
0.86%6
|
0.83%
|
0.82%
|
0.88%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.62%
|
1.65%
|
1.55%
|
1.17%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.50%
|
1.62%
|
1.54%
|
1.17%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
80%
|
76%
|
73%
|
82%
|
94%
|
| α | Consolidated financial highlights from August 22, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.03 and total return by 0.16%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26α
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.31
|
$22.09
|
$18.91
|
$25.60
|
$27.36
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.43
|
0.40
|
0.32
|
0.29
|
0.22
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.82
|
1.11
|
3.382
|
(2.07)
|
1.27
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.25
|
1.51
|
3.70
|
(1.78)
|
1.49
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.39)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.52)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.21)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.38)
|
—
|
—
|
(4.68)
|
(3.04)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.77)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.52)
|
(4.91)
|
(3.25)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.79
|
$23.31
|
$22.09
|
$18.91
|
$25.60
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
9.61%4
|
6.86%4
|
19.72%2,4
|
(6.39%)
|
4.93%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$10,023
|
$8,678
|
$9,906
|
$9,291
|
$10,232
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.66%6
|
0.71%
|
0.76%
|
0.75%
|
0.70%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
0.78%6
|
0.74%
|
0.77%
|
0.75%
|
0.70%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.71%
|
1.74%
|
1.61%
|
1.33%
|
0.78%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.59%
|
1.71%
|
1.60%
|
1.33%
|
0.78%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
80%
|
76%
|
73%
|
82%
|
94%
|
| α | Consolidated financial highlights from August 22, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.03 and total return by 0.16%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26α
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.22
|
$22.02
|
$18.85
|
$25.54
|
$27.29
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.35
|
0.32
|
0.26
|
0.22
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.80
|
1.11
|
3.362
|
(2.07)
|
1.28
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.15
|
1.43
|
3.62
|
(1.85)
|
1.40
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.29)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.45)
|
(0.16)
|
(0.11)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.38)
|
—
|
—
|
(4.68)
|
(3.04)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.67)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.45)
|
(4.84)
|
(3.15)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.70
|
$23.22
|
$22.02
|
$18.85
|
$25.54
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
9.24%4
|
6.51%4
|
19.35%2,4
|
(6.71%)
|
4.59%4
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$6,947
|
$9,168
|
$10,450
|
$10,194
|
$12,699
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.99%6
|
1.05%
|
1.06%
|
1.07%
|
1.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.11%6
|
1.08%
|
1.07%
|
1.07%
|
1.08%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.39%
|
1.40%
|
1.31%
|
1.01%
|
0.44%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.27%
|
1.37%
|
1.30%
|
1.01%
|
0.40%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
80%
|
76%
|
73%
|
82%
|
94%
|
| α | Consolidated financial highlights from August 22, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.03 and total return by 0.16%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$16.47
|
$17.11
|
$14.69
|
$18.10
|
$18.01
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.05
|
0.04
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.28
|
1.46
|
4.29
|
(1.36)
|
2.56
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.31
|
1.50
|
4.32
|
(1.31)
|
2.60
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.04)
|
(0.03)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.09)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.42)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(2.14)
|
(1.90)
|
(2.10)
|
(2.51)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$16.25
|
$16.47
|
$17.11
|
$14.69
|
$18.10
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
13.27%3
|
7.94%3
|
31.18%3
|
(6.71%)3
|
13.88%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,536,732
|
$2,633,516
|
$2,846,374
|
$2,574,630
|
$3,424,139
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.99%
|
0.99%
|
1.00%
|
1.00%
|
0.97%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.01%
|
1.01%
|
1.00%
|
1.03%
|
0.97%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.15%
|
0.20%
|
0.18%
|
0.32%
|
0.19%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.13%
|
0.18%
|
0.18%
|
0.29%
|
0.19%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
40%
|
24%
|
35%
|
37%
|
36%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$11.26
|
$12.34
|
$11.09
|
$14.27
|
$14.65
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.07)2
|
(0.07)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.11)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.59
|
1.10
|
3.17
|
(1.10)
|
2.10
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.52
|
1.03
|
3.10
|
(1.16)
|
1.99
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.36)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.85)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.37)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$10.29
|
$11.26
|
$12.34
|
$11.09
|
$14.27
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
12.37%4
|
7.17%4
|
30.19%4
|
(7.48%)4
|
12.85%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$16,638
|
$17,523
|
$18,101
|
$17,253
|
$27,556
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.74%
|
1.74%
|
1.75%
|
1.84%
|
1.85%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.76%
|
1.76%
|
1.75%
|
1.99%
|
1.85%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.60%)
|
(0.55%)
|
(0.57%)
|
(0.52%)
|
(0.70%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.62%)
|
(0.57%)
|
(0.57%)
|
(0.67%)
|
(0.70%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
40%
|
24%
|
35%
|
37%
|
36%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$16.16
|
$16.84
|
$14.47
|
$17.88
|
$17.82
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
(0.02)2
|
(0.01)
|
(0.01)
|
0.01
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.24
|
1.44
|
4.22
|
(1.35)
|
2.53
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.22
|
1.43
|
4.21
|
(1.34)
|
2.49
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
(0.05)
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.39)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.07)
|
(2.43)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$15.89
|
$16.16
|
$16.84
|
$14.47
|
$17.88
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
12.98%5
|
7.67%5
|
30.84%5
|
(6.98%)5
|
13.42%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$176
|
$172
|
$161
|
$231
|
$212
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.24%
|
1.24%
|
1.25%
|
1.30%
|
1.39%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.26%
|
1.26%
|
1.25%
|
1.31%
|
1.39%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
(0.09%)
|
(0.05%)
|
(0.07%)
|
0.03%
|
(0.22%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.11%)
|
(0.07%)
|
(0.07%)
|
0.02%
|
(0.22%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
40%
|
24%
|
35%
|
37%
|
36%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 3 | Amount is less than $(0.005) per share. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$20.77
|
$21.06
|
$17.67
|
$21.24
|
$20.77
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.09
|
0.10
|
0.08
|
0.10
|
0.08
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.84
|
1.78
|
5.22
|
(1.57)
|
2.93
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.93
|
1.88
|
5.30
|
(1.47)
|
3.01
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.05)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.12)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.42)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.54)
|
(2.17)
|
(1.91)
|
(2.10)
|
(2.54)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.16
|
$20.77
|
$21.06
|
$17.67
|
$21.24
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
13.53%3
|
8.23%3
|
31.50%3
|
(6.46%)
|
14.00%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$787,518
|
$814,243
|
$764,906
|
$744,911
|
$1,070,912
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.74%
|
0.74%
|
0.75%
|
0.78%
|
0.79%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.76%
|
0.76%
|
0.75%
|
0.78%
|
0.79%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.40%
|
0.45%
|
0.43%
|
0.55%
|
0.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.38%
|
0.43%
|
0.43%
|
0.55%
|
0.37%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
40%
|
24%
|
35%
|
37%
|
36%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$20.84
|
$21.13
|
$17.73
|
$21.31
|
$20.82
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.12
|
0.12
|
0.09
|
0.12
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.83
|
1.78
|
5.24
|
(1.59)
|
2.94
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.95
|
1.90
|
5.33
|
(1.47)
|
3.06
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.08)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.15)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.42)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.19)
|
(1.93)
|
(2.11)
|
(2.57)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.30
|
$20.84
|
$21.13
|
$17.73
|
$21.31
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
13.58%3
|
8.31%3
|
31.60%3
|
(6.44%)
|
14.23%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$19,693
|
$77,069
|
$70,743
|
$48,677
|
$91,633
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.67%
|
0.67%
|
0.70%
|
0.69%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.69%
|
0.69%
|
0.70%
|
0.69%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.55%
|
0.52%
|
0.48%
|
0.64%
|
0.52%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.53%
|
0.50%
|
0.48%
|
0.64%
|
0.52%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
40%
|
24%
|
35%
|
37%
|
36%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$19.50
|
$19.93
|
$16.83
|
$20.38
|
$20.01
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.07
|
0.07
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.68
|
1.70
|
4.95
|
(1.52)
|
2.83
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.71
|
1.74
|
4.98
|
(1.45)
|
2.90
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.06)
|
(0.04)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.11)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.11)
|
(1.84)
|
(2.02)
|
(2.42)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.17)
|
(1.88)
|
(2.10)
|
(2.53)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$19.72
|
$19.50
|
$19.93
|
$16.83
|
$20.38
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
13.28%3
|
7.99%3
|
31.13%
|
(6.63%)3
|
13.99%3
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$23,816
|
$28,491
|
$30,813
|
$25,065
|
$29,855
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.99%
|
0.99%
|
1.00%
|
0.94%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.01%
|
1.01%
|
1.00%
|
0.97%
|
1.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.15%
|
0.21%
|
0.18%
|
0.39%
|
0.32%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.13%
|
0.19%
|
0.18%
|
0.36%
|
0.12%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
40%
|
24%
|
35%
|
37%
|
36%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$35.09
|
$34.68
|
$29.35
|
$54.30
|
$56.56
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.082
|
0.04
|
0.212
|
0.22
|
0.08
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.69
|
1.73
|
7.03
|
(3.65)
|
1.81
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.77
|
1.77
|
7.24
|
(3.43)
|
1.89
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.09)
|
(0.20)
|
—
|
(0.19)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.71)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.96)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.36)
|
(1.91)
|
(21.52)
|
(4.15)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$36.47
|
$35.09
|
$34.68
|
$29.35
|
$54.30
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
13.26%2,5
|
4.96%3,5
|
25.48%2,5
|
(4.48%)5
|
2.84%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$612,775
|
$631,961
|
$346,465
|
$333,400
|
$481,991
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.09%
|
1.13%7
|
1.18%
|
1.28%
|
1.27%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.29%
|
1.32%7
|
1.19%
|
1.39%
|
1.27%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.20%
|
0.12%
|
0.68%
|
0.53%
|
0.14%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
—8
|
(0.07%)
|
0.67%
|
0.42%
|
0.14%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
46%
|
55%
|
47%
|
39%
|
45%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and $0.05 and total return by 0.06% and 0.17% for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | Amount is less than 0.005%. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$20.33
|
$20.77
|
$18.40
|
$43.16
|
$45.65
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.12)2,3
|
(0.14)
|
(0.02)2
|
(0.10)
|
(0.40)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.76
|
1.06
|
4.29
|
(3.14)
|
1.51
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.64
|
0.92
|
4.27
|
(3.24)
|
1.11
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.09)
|
(0.19)
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.71)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.60)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.36)
|
(1.90)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.60)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$19.58
|
$20.33
|
$20.77
|
$18.40
|
$43.16
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
12.37%2,6
|
4.17%4,6
|
24.49%2,6
|
(5.30%)6
|
1.88%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,889
|
$3,124
|
$2,164
|
$2,187
|
$3,530
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets7.....................
|
1.85%
|
1.89%8
|
1.94%
|
2.17%
|
2.22%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived7.......
|
2.05%
|
2.08%8
|
1.95%
|
2.51%
|
2.22%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.55%)
|
(0.64%)
|
(0.08%)
|
(0.35%)
|
(0.84%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.75%)
|
(0.83%)
|
(0.09%)
|
(0.69%)
|
(0.84%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
46%
|
55%
|
47%
|
39%
|
45%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income (loss) per share by $0.01 and $0.03 and total return by 0.05% and 0.16% for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 8 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$33.88
|
$33.53
|
$28.46
|
$53.50
|
$55.69
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
(0.02)2,3
|
(0.03)
|
0.122
|
0.09
|
(0.15)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.53
|
1.65
|
6.80
|
(3.61)
|
1.78
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.51
|
1.62
|
6.92
|
(3.52)
|
1.63
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.14)
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.71)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.81)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.85)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.82)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$35.00
|
$33.88
|
$33.53
|
$28.46
|
$53.50
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
12.96%2,6
|
4.69%4,6
|
25.13%2,6
|
(4.74%)6
|
2.46%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$977
|
$959
|
$772
|
$716
|
$835
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets7.....................
|
1.35%
|
1.39%8
|
1.44%
|
1.55%
|
1.66%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived7.......
|
1.55%
|
1.58%8
|
1.45%
|
1.57%
|
1.66%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
(0.06%)
|
(0.10%)
|
0.41%
|
0.23%
|
(0.25%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.26%)
|
(0.29%)
|
0.40%
|
0.21%
|
(0.25%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
46%
|
55%
|
47%
|
39%
|
45%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income (loss) per share by $0.02 and $0.04 and total return by 0.06% and 0.14% for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 8 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$37.21
|
$36.64
|
$30.86
|
$55.82
|
$58.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.192
|
0.16
|
0.312
|
0.37
|
0.20
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.96
|
1.78
|
7.41
|
(3.75)
|
1.89
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
5.15
|
1.94
|
7.72
|
(3.38)
|
2.09
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.04)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.41)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.71)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.96)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.43)
|
(1.37)
|
(1.94)
|
(21.58)
|
(4.37)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$38.93
|
$37.21
|
$36.64
|
$30.86
|
$55.82
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
13.52%2
|
5.17%3
|
25.81%2
|
(4.25%)
|
3.09%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$174,601
|
$203,757
|
$177,272
|
$196,155
|
$379,099
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.85%
|
0.89%6
|
0.94%
|
1.01%
|
1.06%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.05%
|
1.08%6
|
0.95%
|
1.03%
|
1.07%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.45%
|
0.42%
|
0.94%
|
0.85%
|
0.33%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.25%
|
0.23%
|
0.93%
|
0.83%
|
0.32%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
46%
|
55%
|
47%
|
39%
|
45%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and $0.05 and total return by 0.05% and 0.16% for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$37.30
|
$36.74
|
$31.04
|
$56.21
|
$58.51
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.222
|
0.20
|
0.292
|
0.31
|
0.23
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.99
|
1.79
|
7.48
|
(3.70)
|
1.96
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
5.21
|
1.99
|
7.77
|
(3.39)
|
2.19
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.16)
|
(0.36)
|
(0.26)
|
(0.53)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.71)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.96)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.48)
|
(1.43)
|
(2.07)
|
(21.78)
|
(4.49)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$39.03
|
$37.30
|
$36.74
|
$31.04
|
$56.21
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
13.64%2,5
|
5.28%3,5
|
25.87%2,5
|
(4.20%)5
|
3.22%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$16,413
|
$15,739
|
$14,681
|
$2,908
|
$2,633
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.76%
|
0.79%7
|
0.85%
|
0.98%
|
0.91%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
0.96%
|
1.00%7
|
0.92%
|
1.00%
|
0.91%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.53%
|
0.53%
|
0.87%
|
0.73%
|
0.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.33%
|
0.32%
|
0.80%
|
0.71%
|
0.37%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
46%
|
55%
|
47%
|
39%
|
45%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and $0.05 and total return by 0.05% and 0.16% for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$35.45
|
$35.04
|
$29.66
|
$54.63
|
$56.88
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.082
|
0.04
|
0.242
|
0.21
|
0.07
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.74
|
1.73
|
7.08
|
(3.66)
|
1.83
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.82
|
1.77
|
7.32
|
(3.45)
|
1.90
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.09)
|
(0.23)
|
—
|
(0.19)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.27)
|
(1.71)
|
(21.52)
|
(3.96)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.39)
|
(1.36)
|
(1.94)
|
(21.52)
|
(4.15)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$36.88
|
$35.45
|
$35.04
|
$29.66
|
$54.63
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
13.27%2
|
4.92%3
|
25.48%2
|
(4.50%)
|
2.85%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,453
|
$2,786
|
$1,860
|
$1,483
|
$1,962
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.10%
|
1.14%6
|
1.19%
|
1.28%
|
1.28%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.30%
|
1.33%6
|
1.20%
|
1.32%
|
1.32%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.21%
|
0.11%
|
0.64%
|
0.51%
|
0.11%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
0.01%
|
(0.08%)
|
0.63%
|
0.47%
|
0.07%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
46%
|
55%
|
47%
|
39%
|
45%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and $0.05 and total return by 0.06% and 0.17% for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.02% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$21.84
|
$20.99
|
$18.83
|
$19.09
|
$19.82
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.182
|
0.252
|
0.392
|
0.38
|
0.18
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.76
|
0.74
|
2.283
|
(0.50)
|
(0.41)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.94
|
0.99
|
2.67
|
(0.12)
|
(0.23)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.28)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.51)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.50)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.44)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.72)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.51)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.50)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.06
|
$21.84
|
$20.99
|
$18.83
|
$19.09
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
8.23%2
|
4.75%2,4
|
14.36%2,3
|
(0.55%)
|
(1.28%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$405,636
|
$431,680
|
$293,102
|
$278,607
|
$329,081
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.02%
|
1.05%7
|
1.04%
|
1.11%
|
1.23%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.30%
|
1.33%7
|
1.26%
|
1.42%
|
1.36%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.76%
|
1.16%
|
2.01%
|
2.20%
|
0.89%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.48%
|
0.88%
|
1.79%
|
1.89%
|
0.76%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
108%
|
84%
|
42%
|
43%
|
71%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.04, $0.02 and $0.07 and total return by 0.18%, 0.10% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.11%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025 |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.03% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$18.96
|
$18.24
|
$16.39
|
$16.62
|
$17.33
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.012
|
0.112
|
0.232
|
0.22
|
0.04
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.54
|
0.61
|
1.953
|
(0.43)
|
(0.36)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.55
|
0.72
|
2.18
|
(0.21)
|
(0.32)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.09)
|
—
|
(0.33)
|
(0.02)
|
(0.39)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.44)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
—
|
(0.33)
|
(0.02)
|
(0.39)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$17.98
|
$18.96
|
$18.24
|
$16.39
|
$16.62
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
7.47%2
|
3.95%2,4
|
13.47%2,3
|
(1.23%)
|
(1.97%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$9,214
|
$13,597
|
$18,338
|
$28,549
|
$45,987
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.77%
|
1.80%7
|
1.79%
|
1.84%
|
1.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
2.05%
|
2.08%7
|
2.01%
|
2.20%
|
2.06%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.05%
|
0.62%
|
1.34%
|
1.46%
|
0.23%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.23%)
|
0.34%
|
1.12%
|
1.10%
|
0.09%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
108%
|
84%
|
42%
|
43%
|
71%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.03, $0.02 and $0.06 and total return by 0.16%, 0.11% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.12%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.03% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$21.84
|
$20.97
|
$18.81
|
$19.07
|
$19.80
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.122
|
0.232
|
0.342
|
0.33
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.77
|
0.70
|
2.273
|
(0.49)
|
(0.41)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.89
|
0.93
|
2.61
|
(0.16)
|
(0.29)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.19)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.45)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.44)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.44)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.63)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.45)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.44)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.10
|
$21.84
|
$20.97
|
$18.81
|
$19.07
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
8.04%2
|
4.44%2,4
|
14.06%2,3
|
(0.78%)
|
(1.57%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$32,513
|
$38,415
|
$40,627
|
$41,758
|
$47,807
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.27%
|
1.30%7
|
1.29%
|
1.37%
|
1.53%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.55%
|
1.58%7
|
1.51%
|
1.51%
|
1.63%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.52%
|
1.06%
|
1.77%
|
1.92%
|
0.58%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.24%
|
0.78%
|
1.55%
|
1.78%
|
0.48%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
108%
|
84%
|
42%
|
43%
|
71%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.04, $0.02 and $0.07 and total return by 0.18%, 0.10% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.11%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.03% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$22.06
|
$21.18
|
$19.00
|
$19.24
|
$19.98
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.242
|
0.322
|
0.452
|
0.45
|
0.28
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.79
|
0.73
|
2.283
|
(0.50)
|
(0.42)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.03
|
1.05
|
2.73
|
(0.05)
|
(0.14)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.33)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.55)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.60)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.44)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.77)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.55)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.60)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.32
|
$22.06
|
$21.18
|
$19.00
|
$19.24
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
8.56%2
|
5.00%2,4
|
14.59%2,3
|
(0.17%)
|
(0.88%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$631,096
|
$714,048
|
$693,391
|
$723,002
|
$1,024,716
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.77%
|
0.80%7
|
0.79%
|
0.79%
|
0.79%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.05%
|
1.08%7
|
1.01%
|
0.94%
|
1.02%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.01%
|
1.50%
|
2.27%
|
2.54%
|
1.34%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.73%
|
1.22%
|
2.05%
|
2.39%
|
1.11%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
108%
|
84%
|
42%
|
43%
|
71%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.04, $0.02 and $0.07 and total return by 0.18%, 0.09% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.11%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.03% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$22.15
|
$21.24
|
$19.05
|
$19.30
|
$20.03
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.302
|
0.382
|
0.462
|
0.45
|
0.29
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.77
|
0.71
|
2.293
|
(0.51)
|
(0.42)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.07
|
1.09
|
2.75
|
(0.06)
|
(0.13)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.27)
|
(0.18)
|
(0.56)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.60)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.44)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.71)
|
(0.18)
|
(0.56)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.60)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.51
|
$22.15
|
$21.24
|
$19.05
|
$19.30
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
8.71%2
|
5.14%2,4
|
14.69%2,3
|
(0.22%)
|
(0.83%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$89,568
|
$200,596
|
$244,996
|
$243,848
|
$347,008
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.66%
|
0.68%7
|
0.71%
|
0.79%
|
0.79%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
0.94%
|
0.97%7
|
0.93%
|
0.93%
|
0.88%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.23%
|
1.74%
|
2.36%
|
2.55%
|
1.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.95%
|
1.45%
|
2.14%
|
2.41%
|
1.28%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
108%
|
84%
|
42%
|
43%
|
71%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.04, $0.02 and $0.07 and total return by 0.18%, 0.09% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.10%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.03% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$22.01
|
$21.16
|
$18.99
|
$19.24
|
$19.98
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.182
|
0.282
|
0.402
|
0.39
|
0.21
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.79
|
0.72
|
2.273
|
(0.49)
|
(0.43)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.97
|
1.00
|
2.67
|
(0.10)
|
(0.22)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.28)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.50)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.52)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.44)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.72)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.50)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.52)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.26
|
$22.01
|
$21.16
|
$18.99
|
$19.24
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
8.28%2
|
4.75%2,4
|
14.27%2,3
|
(0.46%)
|
(1.26%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$40,788
|
$43,054
|
$38,817
|
$41,120
|
$49,433
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.02%
|
1.05%7
|
1.04%
|
1.09%
|
1.18%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.30%
|
1.33%7
|
1.26%
|
1.24%
|
1.28%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.76%
|
1.30%
|
2.01%
|
2.20%
|
0.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.48%
|
1.02%
|
1.79%
|
2.05%
|
0.89%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
108%
|
84%
|
42%
|
43%
|
71%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.04, $0.02 and $0.07 and total return by 0.18%, 0.09% and 0.37% for the years ended March 31, 2026, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.11%. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.03% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$33.86
|
$32.68
|
$25.18
|
$31.11
|
$29.35
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.10)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.12)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.18
|
1.88
|
8.48
|
(2.99)
|
5.20
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.08
|
1.78
|
8.41
|
(3.05)
|
5.08
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.32)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.32)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$31.87
|
$33.86
|
$32.68
|
$25.18
|
$31.11
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.06%3
|
5.29%3
|
33.90%3
|
(9.24%)3
|
16.52%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,559,198
|
$3,002,357
|
$2,532,714
|
$2,127,513
|
$2,834,191
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.89%
|
0.90%5
|
0.89%
|
0.93%
|
0.94%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.98%
|
0.98%5
|
0.99%
|
1.00%
|
0.94%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.27%)
|
(0.27%)
|
(0.25%)
|
(0.22%)
|
(0.36%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.36%)
|
(0.35%)
|
(0.35%)
|
(0.29%)
|
(0.28%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
24%
|
18%
|
9%
|
20%
|
12%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$22.62
|
$22.17
|
$17.46
|
$22.78
|
$22.15
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.25)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.30)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
0.94
|
1.29
|
5.82
|
(2.25)
|
3.96
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.69
|
1.05
|
5.62
|
(2.44)
|
3.66
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.03)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.03)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$20.24
|
$22.62
|
$22.17
|
$17.46
|
$22.78
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
1.33%3
|
4.50%3
|
32.90%3
|
(9.97%)3
|
15.55%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$44,882
|
$59,938
|
$61,156
|
$44,773
|
$63,666
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.64%
|
1.65%5
|
1.64%
|
1.73%
|
1.80%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.73%
|
1.73%5
|
1.74%
|
1.90%
|
1.80%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(1.03%)
|
(1.03%)
|
(1.00%)
|
(1.03%)
|
(1.23%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.12%)
|
(1.11%)
|
(1.10%)
|
(1.20%)
|
(1.23%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
24%
|
18%
|
9%
|
20%
|
12%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$31.00
|
$30.03
|
$23.26
|
$29.09
|
$27.57
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.18)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.13)
|
(0.12)
|
(0.24)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.13
|
1.74
|
7.81
|
(2.83)
|
4.89
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.95
|
1.57
|
7.68
|
(2.95)
|
4.65
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.13)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.13)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$28.88
|
$31.00
|
$30.03
|
$23.26
|
$29.09
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
1.82%3
|
5.06%3
|
33.56%3
|
(9.55%)3
|
16.07%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$25,752
|
$30,489
|
$34,190
|
$10,598
|
$12,298
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.14%
|
1.15%5
|
1.14%
|
1.23%
|
1.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.23%
|
1.23%5
|
1.24%
|
1.24%
|
1.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.53%)
|
(0.53%)
|
(0.50%)
|
(0.51%)
|
(0.79%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.62%)
|
(0.61%)
|
(0.60%)
|
(0.52%)
|
(0.79%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
24%
|
18%
|
9%
|
20%
|
12%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$37.37
|
$35.92
|
$27.53
|
$33.61
|
$31.48
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
(0.01)
|
(0.01)
|
—2
|
0.02
|
(0.02)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.26
|
2.06
|
9.30
|
(3.22)
|
5.56
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.25
|
2.05
|
9.30
|
(3.20)
|
5.54
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.41)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.41)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$35.55
|
$37.37
|
$35.92
|
$27.53
|
$33.61
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
2.32%
|
5.57%
|
34.24%
|
(8.99%)
|
16.87%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$3,040,685
|
$4,346,255
|
$3,830,418
|
$2,723,101
|
$2,626,992
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.64%
|
0.65%5
|
0.64%
|
0.64%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.73%
|
0.73%5
|
0.74%
|
0.66%
|
0.77%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
(0.03%)
|
(0.02%)
|
—6
|
0.07%
|
(0.06%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.12%)
|
(0.10%)
|
(0.10%)
|
0.05%
|
(0.19%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
24%
|
18%
|
9%
|
20%
|
12%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 6 | Amount is less than 0.005%. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$37.77
|
$36.27
|
$27.78
|
$33.89
|
$31.71
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
0.022
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
(0.02)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.27
|
2.08
|
9.38
|
(3.26)
|
5.61
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.29
|
2.10
|
9.40
|
(3.23)
|
5.59
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.41)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.41)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$35.99
|
$37.77
|
$36.27
|
$27.78
|
$33.89
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
2.41%4
|
5.65%4
|
34.29%4
|
(9.01%)4
|
16.90%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$139,093
|
$230,031
|
$313,272
|
$185,287
|
$166,623
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.56%
|
0.57%6
|
0.58%
|
0.64%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
0.65%
|
0.64%6
|
0.65%
|
0.66%
|
0.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
0.05%
|
0.05%
|
0.06%
|
0.09%
|
(0.06%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.04%)
|
(0.02%)
|
(0.01%)
|
0.07%
|
(0.06%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
24%
|
18%
|
9%
|
20%
|
12%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$35.36
|
$34.10
|
$26.24
|
$32.29
|
$30.36
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.11)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.13)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.22
|
1.96
|
8.84
|
(3.11)
|
5.37
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.11
|
1.86
|
8.77
|
(3.17)
|
5.24
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.31)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.07)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.91)
|
(2.88)
|
(3.31)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$33.40
|
$35.36
|
$34.10
|
$26.24
|
$32.29
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.06%
|
5.31%
|
33.90%
|
(9.28%)
|
16.51%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$25,568
|
$37,053
|
$32,584
|
$24,849
|
$35,926
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.89%
|
0.90%4
|
0.89%
|
0.95%
|
0.95%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
0.98%
|
0.98%4
|
0.99%
|
0.96%
|
1.02%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.28%)
|
(0.27%)
|
(0.25%)
|
(0.24%)
|
(0.37%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.37%)
|
(0.35%)
|
(0.35%)
|
(0.25%)
|
(0.44%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
24%
|
18%
|
9%
|
20%
|
12%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$22.94
|
$28.16
|
$26.14
|
$32.31
|
$37.42
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.16)
|
(0.16)
|
(0.13)
|
(0.16)
|
(0.29)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
0.98
|
(3.14)
|
3.90
|
(3.20)
|
0.11
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.82
|
(3.30)
|
3.77
|
(3.36)
|
(0.18)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.93)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.93)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.23
|
$22.94
|
$28.16
|
$26.14
|
$32.31
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.63%3
|
(12.78%)3
|
15.44%3
|
(10.07%)3
|
(1.90%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,285,226
|
$1,616,500
|
$1,549,167
|
$1,582,726
|
$2,158,678
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.04%
|
1.05%5
|
1.04%
|
1.09%
|
1.12%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.24%
|
1.21%5
|
1.23%
|
1.21%
|
1.12%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.66%)
|
(0.59%)
|
(0.49%)
|
(0.59%)
|
(0.76%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.86%)
|
(0.75%)
|
(0.68%)
|
(0.71%)
|
(0.76%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
43%
|
42%
|
27%
|
23%
|
27%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.65
|
$19.94
|
$19.16
|
$24.74
|
$29.76
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.23)
|
(0.25)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.48)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
0.74
|
(2.12)
|
2.76
|
(2.49)
|
0.20
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.51
|
(2.37)
|
2.53
|
(2.77)
|
(0.28)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.74)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.74)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.63
|
$15.65
|
$19.94
|
$19.16
|
$24.74
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
1.83%3
|
(13.41%)3
|
14.56%3
|
(10.79%)3
|
(2.67%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$39,430
|
$61,560
|
$68,708
|
$75,826
|
$121,668
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.79%
|
1.80%5
|
1.79%
|
1.88%
|
1.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.99%
|
1.96%5
|
1.98%
|
2.06%
|
1.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(1.41%)
|
(1.34%)
|
(1.24%)
|
(1.38%)
|
(1.57%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.61%)
|
(1.50%)
|
(1.43%)
|
(1.56%)
|
(1.57%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
43%
|
42%
|
27%
|
23%
|
27%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$21.38
|
$26.44
|
$24.71
|
$30.81
|
$35.92
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.21)
|
(0.21)
|
(0.18)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.44)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
0.95
|
(2.93)
|
3.66
|
(3.07)
|
0.14
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.74
|
(3.14)
|
3.48
|
(3.29)
|
(0.30)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.81)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.81)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$19.59
|
$21.38
|
$26.44
|
$24.71
|
$30.81
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.44%
|
(13.02%)
|
15.15%
|
(10.34%)
|
(2.30%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$33,225
|
$44,288
|
$54,529
|
$58,839
|
$74,908
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
1.29%
|
1.30%4
|
1.29%
|
1.38%
|
1.54%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
1.49%
|
1.46%4
|
1.48%
|
1.42%
|
1.55%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.91%)
|
(0.84%)
|
(0.74%)
|
(0.87%)
|
(1.18%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.11%)
|
(1.00%)
|
(0.93%)
|
(0.91%)
|
(1.19%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
43%
|
42%
|
27%
|
23%
|
27%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$26.81
|
$32.52
|
$29.84
|
$36.32
|
$41.48
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.12)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.18)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.12
|
(3.69)
|
4.50
|
(3.58)
|
0.07
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.00
|
(3.79)
|
4.43
|
(3.67)
|
(0.11)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(5.05)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(5.05)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.28
|
$26.81
|
$32.52
|
$29.84
|
$36.32
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.93%
|
(12.57%)
|
15.74%
|
(9.80%)
|
(1.56%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,147,417
|
$2,149,899
|
$3,054,252
|
$2,887,695
|
$3,577,939
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.79%
|
0.80%4
|
0.79%
|
0.79%
|
0.79%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
0.99%
|
0.96%4
|
0.98%
|
0.84%
|
0.95%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.41%)
|
(0.34%)
|
(0.24%)
|
(0.28%)
|
(0.43%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.61%)
|
(0.50%)
|
(0.43%)
|
(0.33%)
|
(0.59%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
43%
|
42%
|
27%
|
23%
|
27%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$27.23
|
$32.97
|
$30.21
|
$36.73
|
$41.89
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.18)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.13
|
(3.75)
|
4.56
|
(3.63)
|
0.07
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.04
|
(3.82)
|
4.51
|
(3.71)
|
(0.11)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(5.05)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(5.05)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.74
|
$27.23
|
$32.97
|
$30.21
|
$36.73
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
3.03%
|
(12.49%)
|
15.82%
|
(9.80%)
|
(1.54%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$396,276
|
$938,480
|
$1,292,279
|
$1,048,374
|
$980,539
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.68%
|
0.69%4
|
0.72%
|
0.79%
|
0.79%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
0.88%
|
0.85%4
|
0.86%
|
0.83%
|
0.80%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.29%)
|
(0.23%)
|
(0.18%)
|
(0.28%)
|
(0.43%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.49%)
|
(0.39%)
|
(0.32%)
|
(0.32%)
|
(0.44%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
43%
|
42%
|
27%
|
23%
|
27%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$24.86
|
$30.36
|
$28.04
|
$34.43
|
$39.57
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.18)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.31)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.05
|
(3.41)
|
4.21
|
(3.41)
|
0.09
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.87
|
(3.58)
|
4.07
|
(3.58)
|
(0.22)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.92)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.53)
|
(1.92)
|
(1.75)
|
(2.81)
|
(4.92)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$23.20
|
$24.86
|
$30.36
|
$28.04
|
$34.43
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.62%
|
(12.78%)
|
15.46%
|
(10.09%)
|
(1.89%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$91,680
|
$156,030
|
$226,978
|
$223,692
|
$284,480
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
1.04%
|
1.05%4
|
1.04%
|
1.09%
|
1.13%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
1.24%
|
1.21%4
|
1.23%
|
1.13%
|
1.19%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.66%)
|
(0.59%)
|
(0.49%)
|
(0.59%)
|
(0.77%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.86%)
|
(0.75%)
|
(0.68%)
|
(0.63%)
|
(0.83%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
43%
|
42%
|
27%
|
23%
|
27%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$17.86
|
$19.66
|
$17.26
|
$18.81
|
$18.38
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.24
|
0.27
|
0.29
|
0.27
|
0.18
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
1.41
|
0.01
|
3.08
|
(1.15)
|
0.89
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
1.65
|
0.28
|
3.37
|
(0.88)
|
1.07
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.43)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.18)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(2.11)
|
(1.79)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.46)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.54)
|
(2.08)
|
(0.97)
|
(0.67)
|
(0.64)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$16.97
|
$17.86
|
$19.66
|
$17.26
|
$18.81
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
9.30%
|
0.76%
|
20.24%
|
(4.73%)
|
5.71%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$133,700
|
$142,549
|
$164,478
|
$171,183
|
$188,631
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
1.08%
|
1.08%
|
1.08%
|
1.12%
|
1.21%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
1.29%
|
1.27%
|
1.25%
|
1.26%
|
1.26%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.33%
|
1.38%
|
1.63%
|
1.58%
|
0.95%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.12%
|
1.19%
|
1.46%
|
1.44%
|
0.90%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
22%
|
27%
|
17%
|
29%
|
20%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.82
|
$19.62
|
$17.22
|
$18.71
|
$18.30
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.11
|
0.12
|
0.16
|
0.14
|
0.04
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.40
|
0.01
|
3.07
|
(1.14)
|
0.87
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.51
|
0.13
|
3.23
|
(1.00)
|
0.91
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.28)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.11)
|
(1.79)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.46)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.39)
|
(1.93)
|
(0.83)
|
(0.49)
|
(0.50)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$16.94
|
$17.82
|
$19.62
|
$17.22
|
$18.71
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
8.49%
|
(0.02%)
|
19.36%
|
(5.42%)
|
4.85%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$9,987
|
$13,847
|
$18,742
|
$20,280
|
$27,245
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
1.83%
|
1.83%
|
1.83%
|
1.88%
|
1.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
2.04%
|
2.02%
|
2.00%
|
2.02%
|
2.01%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.59%
|
0.63%
|
0.88%
|
0.82%
|
0.21%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.38%
|
0.44%
|
0.71%
|
0.68%
|
0.16%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
27%
|
17%
|
29%
|
20%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.84
|
$19.65
|
$17.26
|
$18.77
|
$18.35
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.20
|
0.22
|
0.23
|
0.22
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.40
|
—2
|
3.10
|
(1.15)
|
0.87
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.60
|
0.22
|
3.33
|
(0.93)
|
0.99
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.38)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.30)
|
(0.18)
|
(0.11)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.11)
|
(1.79)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.46)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.49)
|
(2.03)
|
(0.94)
|
(0.58)
|
(0.57)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$16.95
|
$17.84
|
$19.65
|
$17.26
|
$18.77
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
9.04%
|
0.45%
|
20.00%
|
(4.99%)
|
5.28%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$10,215
|
$10,634
|
$13,117
|
$1,131
|
$1,205
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.33%
|
1.33%
|
1.33%
|
1.41%
|
1.58%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.54%
|
1.52%
|
1.50%
|
1.47%
|
1.63%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.07%
|
1.12%
|
1.31%
|
1.29%
|
0.60%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.86%
|
0.93%
|
1.14%
|
1.23%
|
0.55%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
27%
|
17%
|
29%
|
20%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.87
|
$19.68
|
$17.27
|
$18.84
|
$18.42
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.29
|
0.31
|
0.33
|
0.33
|
0.26
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.41
|
—2
|
3.09
|
(1.16)
|
0.88
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.70
|
0.31
|
3.42
|
(0.83)
|
1.14
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.47)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.37)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.26)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.11)
|
(1.79)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.46)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.58)
|
(2.12)
|
(1.01)
|
(0.74)
|
(0.72)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$16.99
|
$17.87
|
$19.68
|
$17.27
|
$18.84
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
9.61%
|
0.94%
|
20.58%
|
(4.42%)
|
6.05%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$500,754
|
$672,059
|
$865,423
|
$996,722
|
$1,399,865
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.83%
|
0.83%
|
0.83%
|
0.83%
|
0.83%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.04%
|
1.02%
|
1.00%
|
0.89%
|
1.07%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.59%
|
1.63%
|
1.88%
|
1.87%
|
1.34%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.38%
|
1.44%
|
1.71%
|
1.81%
|
1.10%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
27%
|
17%
|
29%
|
20%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.87
|
$19.68
|
$17.28
|
$18.84
|
$18.42
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.31
|
0.33
|
0.35
|
0.33
|
0.26
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.41
|
0.01
|
3.08
|
(1.15)
|
0.88
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.72
|
0.34
|
3.43
|
(0.82)
|
1.14
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.49)
|
(0.36)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.26)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.11)
|
(1.79)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.46)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.60)
|
(2.15)
|
(1.03)
|
(0.74)
|
(0.72)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$16.99
|
$17.87
|
$19.68
|
$17.28
|
$18.84
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
9.73%
|
1.06%
|
20.63%
|
(4.37%)
|
6.05%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$54,024
|
$80,036
|
$95,789
|
$89,010
|
$112,720
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.73%
|
0.73%
|
0.76%
|
0.83%
|
0.83%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
0.94%
|
0.92%
|
0.93%
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.69%
|
1.73%
|
1.95%
|
1.87%
|
1.34%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.48%
|
1.54%
|
1.78%
|
1.81%
|
1.28%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
27%
|
17%
|
29%
|
20%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.97
|
$19.78
|
$17.37
|
$18.81
|
$18.39
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.25
|
0.27
|
0.29
|
0.27
|
0.18
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.42
|
(0.01)
|
3.10
|
(1.14)
|
0.88
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.67
|
0.26
|
3.39
|
(0.87)
|
1.06
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.43)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.18)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.11)
|
(1.79)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.46)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.54)
|
(2.07)
|
(0.98)
|
(0.57)
|
(0.64)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$17.10
|
$17.97
|
$19.78
|
$17.37
|
$18.81
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
9.35%
|
0.70%
|
20.21%
|
(4.68%)
|
5.63%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$12,143
|
$12,415
|
$14,885
|
$11,656
|
$27,888
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
1.08%
|
1.08%
|
1.08%
|
1.15%
|
1.22%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
1.29%
|
1.27%
|
1.25%
|
1.22%
|
1.30%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.32%
|
1.37%
|
1.63%
|
1.52%
|
0.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.11%
|
1.18%
|
1.46%
|
1.45%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
27%
|
17%
|
29%
|
20%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.82
|
$15.82
|
$13.21
|
$18.43
|
$22.43
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.05
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.72
|
0.02
|
2.69
|
(1.44)
|
(0.18)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.75
|
0.05
|
2.73
|
(1.39)
|
(0.22)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.05)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.05)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.28)
|
—
|
—
|
(3.78)
|
(3.78)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.33)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.12)
|
(3.83)
|
(3.78)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$18.24
|
$15.82
|
$15.82
|
$13.21
|
$18.43
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
17.39%
|
0.29%2
|
20.70%
|
(7.02%)
|
(1.21%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$104,521
|
$103,557
|
$115,867
|
$111,950
|
$151,380
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.14%
|
1.14%
|
1.14%
|
1.23%
|
1.33%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.37%
|
1.32%
|
1.27%
|
1.44%
|
1.36%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
0.16%
|
0.18%
|
0.29%
|
0.33%
|
(0.19%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.07%)
|
—5
|
0.16%
|
0.12%
|
(0.22%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
16%
|
13%
|
13%
|
122%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Amount is less than 0.005%. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$11.61
|
$11.68
|
$9.82
|
$14.84
|
$18.75
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.07)2
|
(0.07)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.17)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.00
|
0.01
|
1.99
|
(1.18)
|
(0.14)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.93
|
(0.06)
|
1.94
|
(1.23)
|
(0.31)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.01)
|
(0.01)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.28)
|
—
|
—
|
(3.78)
|
(3.60)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.29)
|
(0.01)
|
(0.08)
|
(3.79)
|
(3.60)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.25
|
$11.61
|
$11.68
|
$9.82
|
$14.84
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
16.55%
|
(0.49%)3
|
19.77%
|
(7.71%)
|
(1.93%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$7,162
|
$8,533
|
$11,117
|
$12,188
|
$17,505
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.89%
|
1.89%
|
1.89%
|
1.98%
|
2.07%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
2.12%
|
2.07%
|
2.02%
|
2.18%
|
2.10%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.59%)
|
(0.56%)
|
(0.46%)
|
(0.42%)
|
(0.94%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.82%)
|
(0.74%)
|
(0.59%)
|
(0.62%)
|
(0.97%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
16%
|
13%
|
13%
|
122%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.55
|
$15.57
|
$13.01
|
$18.22
|
$22.20
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
(0.01)2
|
(0.01)
|
—3
|
0.01
|
(0.11)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.67
|
0.01
|
2.65
|
(1.42)
|
(0.19)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.66
|
—
|
2.65
|
(1.41)
|
(0.30)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.02)
|
(0.02)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.02)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.28)
|
—
|
—
|
(3.78)
|
(3.68)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.30)
|
(0.02)
|
(0.09)
|
(3.80)
|
(3.68)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$17.91
|
$15.55
|
$15.57
|
$13.01
|
$18.22
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
17.10%
|
—4,6
|
20.38%
|
(7.21%)
|
(1.57%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$26,399
|
$20,360
|
$21,641
|
$18,550
|
$22,950
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets7.....................
|
1.39%
|
1.39%
|
1.39%
|
1.48%
|
1.64%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived7.......
|
1.62%
|
1.57%
|
1.52%
|
1.54%
|
1.67%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
(0.09%)
|
(0.06%)
|
0.04%
|
0.08%
|
(0.50%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.32%)
|
(0.24%)
|
(0.09%)
|
0.02%
|
(0.53%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
16%
|
13%
|
13%
|
122%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | The per share amount of net investment income (loss) does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the “Statements of operations” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026, due to class specific expenses. |
| 3 | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Total return is less than 0.005%. |
| 7 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$18.38
|
$18.35
|
$15.28
|
$20.60
|
$24.68
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.09
|
0.12
|
0.06
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.17
|
0.01
|
3.11
|
(1.60)
|
(0.21)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.25
|
0.09
|
3.20
|
(1.48)
|
(0.15)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.07)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.12)
|
(0.06)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.28)
|
—
|
—
|
(3.78)
|
(3.93)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.35)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.13)
|
(3.84)
|
(3.93)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.28
|
$18.38
|
$18.35
|
$15.28
|
$20.60
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
17.67%
|
0.50%2
|
21.01%
|
(6.69%)
|
(0.79%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$166,756
|
$148,920
|
$144,334
|
$159,794
|
$316,727
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.12%
|
1.07%
|
1.02%
|
0.97%
|
1.07%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.41%
|
0.43%
|
0.54%
|
0.68%
|
0.25%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.18%
|
0.25%
|
0.41%
|
0.60%
|
0.07%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
16%
|
13%
|
13%
|
122%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$18.64
|
$18.60
|
$15.48
|
$20.80
|
$24.88
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.11
|
0.11
|
0.10
|
0.12
|
0.06
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.20
|
0.01
|
3.16
|
(1.62)
|
(0.21)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.31
|
0.12
|
3.26
|
(1.50)
|
(0.15)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.13)
|
(0.04)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.28)
|
—
|
—
|
(3.78)
|
(3.93)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.37)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.14)
|
(3.82)
|
(3.93)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.58
|
$18.64
|
$18.60
|
$15.48
|
$20.80
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
17.78%
|
0.62%2
|
21.17%
|
(6.73%)
|
(0.79%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$39,539
|
$36,722
|
$40,997
|
$39,951
|
$82,144
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.77%
|
0.77%
|
0.80%
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.00%
|
0.95%
|
0.99%
|
0.96%
|
0.94%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.53%
|
0.55%
|
0.63%
|
0.67%
|
0.25%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.30%
|
0.37%
|
0.44%
|
0.60%
|
0.20%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
16%
|
13%
|
13%
|
122%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.31
|
$17.30
|
$14.42
|
$19.71
|
$23.73
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.06
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.98
|
0.01
|
2.94
|
(1.53)
|
(0.19)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.01
|
0.04
|
2.98
|
(1.47)
|
(0.23)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.03)
|
(0.03)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.04)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(0.28)
|
—
|
—
|
(3.78)
|
(3.79)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
—
|
(0.01)
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.31)
|
(0.03)
|
(0.10)
|
(3.82)
|
(3.79)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$20.01
|
$17.31
|
$17.30
|
$14.42
|
$19.71
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
17.37%
|
0.25%2
|
20.73%
|
(7.00%)
|
(1.19%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$5,088
|
$5,390
|
$5,772
|
$5,348
|
$8,110
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.14%
|
1.14%
|
1.14%
|
1.20%
|
1.30%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.37%
|
1.32%
|
1.27%
|
1.27%
|
1.33%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
0.16%
|
0.19%
|
0.29%
|
0.35%
|
(0.17%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
(0.07%)
|
0.01%
|
0.16%
|
0.28%
|
(0.20%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
22%
|
16%
|
13%
|
13%
|
122%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$11.30
|
$12.97
|
$11.67
|
$14.47
|
$22.28
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.11)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.07)
|
(0.16)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.78
|
(0.80)
|
1.992
|
(2.12)
|
(1.56)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.67
|
(0.91)
|
1.90
|
(2.19)
|
(1.72)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(0.19)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(5.90)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(6.09)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$11.55
|
$11.30
|
$12.97
|
$11.67
|
$14.47
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
22.98%5
|
(7.79%)3
|
16.98%2,5
|
(14.90%)5
|
(8.23%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$504,200
|
$510,833
|
$647,245
|
$681,798
|
$1,030,905
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.13%
|
1.14%7
|
1.14%
|
1.21%
|
1.24%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.30%
|
1.30%7
|
1.25%
|
1.34%
|
1.24%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.86%)
|
(0.90%)
|
(0.80%)
|
(0.58%)
|
(0.81%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.03%)
|
(1.06%)
|
(0.91%)
|
(0.71%)
|
(0.81%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
62%
|
76%
|
55%
|
51%
|
40%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.09%. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/261
|
3/31/251
|
3/31/241
|
3/31/231
|
Year
ended 3/31/221
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.40
|
$21.18
|
$20.01
|
$25.98
|
$47.88
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss2....................................
|
(0.16)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.30)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.66)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.09
|
(1.17)
|
3.27
|
(3.87)
|
(3.21)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.93
|
(1.50)
|
2.97
|
(4.14)
|
(3.87)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(0.33)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.42)
|
(2.28)
|
(1.80)
|
(1.83)
|
(17.70)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.42)
|
(2.28)
|
(1.80)
|
(1.83)
|
(18.03)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$18.91
|
$17.40
|
$21.18
|
$20.01
|
$25.98
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
22.13%5
|
(8.53%)3
|
16.04%5
|
(15.56%)5
|
(8.89%)5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$12,546
|
$14,197
|
$16,724
|
$20,607
|
$36,063
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.88%
|
1.89%7
|
1.89%
|
1.95%
|
2.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
2.05%
|
2.05%7
|
2.00%
|
2.28%
|
2.11%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(1.61%)
|
(1.64%)
|
(1.55%)
|
(1.33%)
|
(1.62%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.78%)
|
(1.80%)
|
(1.66%)
|
(1.66%)
|
(1.69%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
62%
|
76%
|
55%
|
51%
|
40%
|
| 1 | On September 26, 2025, the Fund declared a 3 for 1 reverse stock split. All historical per share information has been retroactively adjusted to reflect this reverse stock split. |
| 2 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$10.55
|
$12.18
|
$11.02
|
$13.75
|
$21.50
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.13)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.23)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
2.60
|
(0.73)
|
1.872
|
(2.02)
|
(1.49)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
2.47
|
(0.87)
|
1.76
|
(2.12)
|
(1.72)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(5.90)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(6.03)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$10.60
|
$10.55
|
$12.18
|
$11.02
|
$13.75
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
22.71%5
|
(7.97%)3
|
16.70%2,5
|
(15.18%)5
|
(8.57%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$38,965
|
$37,847
|
$44,935
|
$43,146
|
$56,050
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.38%
|
1.39%7
|
1.39%
|
1.48%
|
1.61%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.55%
|
1.55%7
|
1.50%
|
1.50%
|
1.61%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(1.11%)
|
(1.15%)
|
(1.05%)
|
(0.84%)
|
(1.19%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.28%)
|
(1.31%)
|
(1.16%)
|
(0.86%)
|
(1.19%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
62%
|
76%
|
55%
|
51%
|
40%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents a class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.09%. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$19.73
|
$22.06
|
$19.39
|
$23.48
|
$32.06
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.14)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.14)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.81
|
(1.43)
|
3.382
|
(3.43)
|
(2.28)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.67
|
(1.57)
|
3.27
|
(3.48)
|
(2.42)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(0.26)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(5.90)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(6.16)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.98
|
$19.73
|
$22.06
|
$19.39
|
$23.48
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
23.30%
|
(7.57%)3
|
17.29%2
|
(14.68%)
|
(7.88%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$313,193
|
$360,965
|
$468,025
|
$560,403
|
$904,112
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
0.88%
|
0.89%6
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
0.89%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.05%
|
1.05%6
|
1.00%
|
0.92%
|
1.02%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.61%)
|
(0.64%)
|
(0.55%)
|
(0.26%)
|
(0.46%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.78%)
|
(0.80%)
|
(0.66%)
|
(0.29%)
|
(0.59%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
62%
|
76%
|
55%
|
51%
|
40%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.05%. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 6 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$19.98
|
$22.30
|
$19.58
|
$23.70
|
$32.30
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.11)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.05)
|
(0.13)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.87
|
(1.45)
|
3.412
|
(3.46)
|
(2.30)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.76
|
(1.56)
|
3.32
|
(3.51)
|
(2.43)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(0.27)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(5.90)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(6.17)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$22.32
|
$19.98
|
$22.30
|
$19.58
|
$23.70
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
23.47%5
|
(7.44%)3
|
17.38%2,5
|
(14.67%)5
|
(7.88%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$89,090
|
$93,491
|
$175,469
|
$157,251
|
$209,855
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.76%
|
0.77%7
|
0.80%
|
0.89%
|
0.87%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
0.93%
|
0.94%7
|
0.91%
|
0.91%
|
0.87%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.49%)
|
(0.52%)
|
(0.46%)
|
(0.25%)
|
(0.44%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.66%)
|
(0.69%)
|
(0.57%)
|
(0.27%)
|
(0.44%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
62%
|
76%
|
55%
|
51%
|
40%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.05%. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$17.38
|
$19.56
|
$17.31
|
$21.10
|
$29.47
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.17)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.22)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.24
|
(1.25)
|
2.992
|
(3.08)
|
(2.08)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.07
|
(1.42)
|
2.85
|
(3.18)
|
(2.30)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(0.17)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(5.90)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.42)
|
(0.76)
|
(0.60)
|
(0.61)
|
(6.07)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$19.03
|
$17.38
|
$19.56
|
$17.31
|
$21.10
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
23.00%5
|
(7.77%)3
|
16.93%2,5
|
(14.91%)5
|
(8.19%)5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$26,002
|
$23,238
|
$34,019
|
$72,634
|
$99,698
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.13%
|
1.14%7
|
1.14%
|
1.19%
|
1.23%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.30%
|
1.30%7
|
1.25%
|
1.21%
|
1.26%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.86%)
|
(0.89%)
|
(0.80%)
|
(0.56%)
|
(0.81%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.03%)
|
(1.05%)
|
(0.91%)
|
(0.58%)
|
(0.84%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
62%
|
76%
|
55%
|
51%
|
40%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.06%. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25φ
|
3/31/24φ
|
3/31/23φ
|
Year
ended 3/31/22φ |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$18.73
|
$18.55
|
$17.37
|
$22.54
|
$28.07
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.43
|
0.45
|
0.45
|
0.68
|
0.15
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
4.99
|
0.35
|
1.30
|
(3.40)
|
(5.54)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
5.42
|
0.80
|
1.75
|
(2.72)
|
(5.39)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.48)
|
(0.62)
|
(0.57)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.14)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.64)
|
—
|
—
|
(2.25)
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.12)
|
(0.62)
|
(0.57)
|
(2.45)
|
(0.14)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$22.03
|
$18.73
|
$18.55
|
$17.37
|
$22.54
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
29.70%
|
4.26%
|
10.31%
|
(11.42%)
|
(19.25%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$143,698
|
$134,588
|
$158,396
|
$179,755
|
$263,968
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
1.05%
|
1.05%
|
1.09%
|
1.15%
|
1.35%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
1.50%
|
1.49%
|
1.51%
|
1.57%
|
1.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
2.00%
|
2.35%
|
2.54%
|
3.59%
|
0.55%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.55%
|
1.91%
|
2.12%
|
3.17%
|
0.53%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
39%
|
28%
|
30%
|
65%
|
38%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights through November 27, 2024. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25φ
|
3/31/24φ
|
3/31/23φ
|
Year
ended 3/31/22φ |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$15.08
|
$15.11
|
$14.26
|
$19.07
|
$23.86
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1............................
|
0.22
|
0.25
|
0.27
|
0.47
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
3.99
|
0.29
|
1.05
|
(2.90)
|
(4.68)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
4.21
|
0.54
|
1.32
|
(2.43)
|
(4.72)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.35)
|
(0.57)
|
(0.47)
|
(0.13)
|
(0.07)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.64)
|
—
|
—
|
(2.25)
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(1.99)
|
(0.57)
|
(0.47)
|
(2.38)
|
(0.07)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$17.30
|
$15.08
|
$15.11
|
$14.26
|
$19.07
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
28.77%
|
3.49%
|
9.48%
|
(12.02%)
|
(19.83%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$10,840
|
$13,481
|
$16,558
|
$23,136
|
$39,227
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
1.80%
|
1.80%
|
1.80%
|
1.84%
|
2.07%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
2.25%
|
2.24%
|
2.26%
|
2.29%
|
2.09%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets........
|
1.28%
|
1.62%
|
1.88%
|
2.95%
|
(0.17%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................ |
0.83%
|
1.18%
|
1.42%
|
2.50%
|
(0.19%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
39%
|
28%
|
30%
|
65%
|
38%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights through November 27, 2024. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25φ
|
3/31/24φ
|
3/31/23φ
|
Year
ended 3/31/22φ |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$18.39
|
$18.25
|
$17.12
|
$22.26
|
$27.75
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.32
|
0.40
|
0.40
|
0.61
|
0.06
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
4.95
|
0.33
|
1.27
|
(3.33)
|
(5.46)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
5.27
|
0.73
|
1.67
|
(2.72)
|
(5.40)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.52)
|
(0.59)
|
(0.54)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.09)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.64)
|
—
|
—
|
(2.25)
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.16)
|
(0.59)
|
(0.54)
|
(2.42)
|
(0.09)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$21.50
|
$18.39
|
$18.25
|
$17.12
|
$22.26
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
29.45%
|
3.97%
|
9.99%
|
(11.57%)
|
(19.51%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$12,754
|
$5,808
|
$5,880
|
$6,070
|
$7,540
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
1.30%
|
1.30%
|
1.30%
|
1.37%
|
1.67%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
1.75%
|
1.74%
|
1.76%
|
1.64%
|
1.68%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.50%
|
2.10%
|
2.32%
|
3.30%
|
0.22%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.05%
|
1.66%
|
1.86%
|
3.03%
|
0.21%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
39%
|
28%
|
30%
|
65%
|
38%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights through November 27, 2024. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25φ
|
3/31/24φ
|
3/31/23φ
|
Year
ended 3/31/22φ |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$19.59
|
$19.37
|
$18.12
|
$23.33
|
$29.05
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.51
|
0.52
|
0.52
|
0.79
|
0.26
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
5.23
|
0.37
|
1.35
|
(3.53)
|
(5.74)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
5.74
|
0.89
|
1.87
|
(2.74)
|
(5.48)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.51)
|
(0.67)
|
(0.62)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.24)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.64)
|
—
|
—
|
(2.25)
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.15)
|
(0.67)
|
(0.62)
|
(2.47)
|
(0.24)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$23.18
|
$19.59
|
$19.37
|
$18.12
|
$23.33
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
30.08%
|
4.53%
|
10.55%
|
(11.08%)
|
(18.96%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$337,924
|
$384,443
|
$432,708
|
$532,766
|
$912,326
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
0.80%
|
0.80%
|
0.80%
|
0.81%
|
0.98%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
1.25%
|
1.24%
|
1.26%
|
1.08%
|
1.08%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
2.27%
|
2.61%
|
2.85%
|
4.00%
|
0.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.82%
|
2.17%
|
2.39%
|
3.73%
|
0.83%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
39%
|
28%
|
30%
|
65%
|
38%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights through November 27, 2024. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25φ
|
3/31/24φ
|
3/31/23φ
|
Year
ended 3/31/22φ |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$19.71
|
$19.49
|
$18.22
|
$23.46
|
$29.21
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.55
|
0.55
|
0.54
|
0.78
|
0.28
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
5.26
|
0.37
|
1.37
|
(3.53)
|
(5.77)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
5.81
|
0.92
|
1.91
|
(2.75)
|
(5.49)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.54)
|
(0.70)
|
(0.64)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.26)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.64)
|
—
|
—
|
(2.25)
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.18)
|
(0.70)
|
(0.64)
|
(2.49)
|
(0.26)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$23.34
|
$19.71
|
$19.49
|
$18.22
|
$23.46
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
30.24%
|
4.65%
|
10.74%
|
(11.06%)
|
(18.89%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$77,268
|
$95,319
|
$120,493
|
$144,999
|
$254,340
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
0.64%
|
0.65%
|
0.69%
|
0.76%
|
0.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
1.09%
|
1.09%
|
1.11%
|
1.05%
|
0.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
2.46%
|
2.74%
|
2.92%
|
3.94%
|
0.98%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
2.01%
|
2.30%
|
2.50%
|
3.65%
|
0.97%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
39%
|
28%
|
30%
|
65%
|
38%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights through November 27, 2024. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25φ
|
3/31/24φ
|
3/31/23φ
|
Year
ended 3/31/22φ |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period......................
|
$19.19
|
$19.00
|
$17.79
|
$23.01
|
$28.65
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1.................................
|
0.44
|
0.46
|
0.46
|
0.67
|
0.16
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss)......................
|
5.12
|
0.36
|
1.32
|
(3.44)
|
(5.65)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations..........................
|
5.56
|
0.82
|
1.78
|
(2.77)
|
(5.49)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income.................................
|
(0.48)
|
(0.63)
|
(0.57)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.15)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain......................................
|
(1.64)
|
—
|
—
|
(2.25)
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions...........................
|
(2.12)
|
(0.63)
|
(0.57)
|
(2.45)
|
(0.15)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period...........................
|
$22.63
|
$19.19
|
$19.00
|
$17.79
|
$23.01
| |
|
Total
return2........................................
|
29.72%
|
4.26%
|
10.25%
|
(11.38%)
|
(19.23%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted)......................
|
$30,812
|
$26,855
|
$26,993
|
$27,664
|
$29,380
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3....................
|
1.05%
|
1.05%
|
1.09%
|
1.14%
|
1.31%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3......
|
1.50%
|
1.49%
|
1.51%
|
1.41%
|
1.32%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets............
|
1.98%
|
2.34%
|
2.55%
|
3.50%
|
0.59%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived........................................... |
1.53%
|
1.90%
|
2.13%
|
3.23%
|
0.58%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover.....................................
|
39%
|
28%
|
30%
|
65%
|
38%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights through November 27, 2024. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$8.64
|
$9.25
|
$9.88
|
$9.69
|
$6.18
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.14
|
0.10
|
0.09
|
0.18
|
0.11
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.64
|
(0.60)
|
(0.48)2
|
0.18
|
3.51
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.78
|
(0.50)
|
(0.39)
|
0.36
|
3.62
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.10)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.11)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.10)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.11)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$12.32
|
$8.64
|
$9.25
|
$9.88
|
$9.69
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
43.94%
|
(5.52%)
|
(3.92%)2
|
3.68%
|
59.24%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$45,473
|
$40,972
|
$60,980
|
$91,379
|
$104,280
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.24%
|
1.24%
|
1.24%
|
1.28%
|
1.35%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.62%
|
1.50%
|
1.43%
|
1.48%
|
1.72%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.39%
|
1.04%
|
1.00%
|
1.80%
|
1.60%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.01%
|
0.78%
|
0.81%
|
1.60%
|
1.23%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
29%
|
20%
|
13%
|
108%
|
113%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.10%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$7.91
|
$8.48
|
$9.03
|
$8.88
|
$5.68
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.06
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.09
|
0.06
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.33
|
(0.55)
|
(0.44)2
|
0.17
|
3.21
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.39
|
(0.53)
|
(0.41)
|
0.26
|
3.27
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.02)
|
(0.04)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.07)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.02)
|
(0.04)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.07)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$11.28
|
$7.91
|
$8.48
|
$9.03
|
$8.88
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
42.91%
|
(6.29%)
|
(4.57%)2
|
2.88%
|
57.97%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$3,119
|
$3,164
|
$4,902
|
$9,909
|
$13,503
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.99%
|
1.99%
|
1.99%
|
2.03%
|
2.09%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
2.37%
|
2.25%
|
2.18%
|
2.17%
|
2.34%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.68%
|
0.29%
|
0.32%
|
1.00%
|
0.87%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.30%
|
0.03%
|
0.13%
|
0.86%
|
0.62%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
29%
|
20%
|
13%
|
108%
|
113%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.11%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$8.53
|
$9.13
|
$9.74
|
$9.57
|
$6.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.11
|
0.07
|
0.07
|
0.15
|
0.09
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.59
|
(0.59)
|
(0.48)2
|
0.17
|
3.46
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.70
|
(0.52)
|
(0.41)
|
0.32
|
3.55
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.08)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.08)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.08)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.08)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$12.15
|
$8.53
|
$9.13
|
$9.74
|
$9.57
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
43.52%4
|
(5.72%)4
|
(4.14%)2,4
|
3.31%4
|
58.80%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$17,087
|
$14,060
|
$19,602
|
$33,606
|
$36,368
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.49%
|
1.49%
|
1.49%
|
1.56%
|
1.73%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.87%
|
1.75%
|
1.68%
|
1.57%
|
1.73%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.11%
|
0.77%
|
0.77%
|
1.49%
|
1.23%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.73%
|
0.51%
|
0.58%
|
1.48%
|
1.23%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
29%
|
20%
|
13%
|
108%
|
113%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.10%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.06
|
$9.69
|
$10.34
|
$10.13
|
$6.45
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.17
|
0.13
|
0.13
|
0.22
|
0.14
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.83
|
(0.64)
|
(0.51)2
|
0.18
|
3.67
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.00
|
(0.51)
|
(0.38)
|
0.40
|
3.81
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.12)
|
(0.12)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.13)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.12)
|
(0.12)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.19)
|
(0.13)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$12.94
|
$9.06
|
$9.69
|
$10.34
|
$10.13
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.33%
|
(5.32%)
|
(3.69%)2
|
3.97%
|
59.90%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$41,771
|
$36,515
|
$55,024
|
$97,636
|
$110,841
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.99%
|
0.99%
|
0.99%
|
0.99%
|
0.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.37%
|
1.25%
|
1.18%
|
1.00%
|
1.14%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.63%
|
1.29%
|
1.32%
|
2.09%
|
1.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.25%
|
1.03%
|
1.13%
|
2.08%
|
1.78%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
29%
|
20%
|
13%
|
108%
|
113%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.10%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.10
|
$9.73
|
$10.39
|
$10.18
|
$6.49
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.19
|
0.15
|
0.13
|
0.22
|
0.16
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.84
|
(0.65)
|
(0.51)2
|
0.19
|
3.66
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.03
|
(0.50)
|
(0.38)
|
0.41
|
3.82
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.14)
|
(0.13)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.13)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.14)
|
(0.13)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.20)
|
(0.13)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$12.99
|
$9.10
|
$9.73
|
$10.39
|
$10.18
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.59%
|
(5.17%)
|
(3.58%)2
|
4.03%
|
59.68%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,599
|
$1,431
|
$2,879
|
$3,411
|
$6,610
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.82%
|
0.82%
|
0.88%
|
0.96%
|
0.98%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.20%
|
1.08%
|
1.07%
|
0.97%
|
0.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.78%
|
1.52%
|
1.35%
|
2.09%
|
2.07%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.40%
|
1.26%
|
1.16%
|
2.08%
|
2.06%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
29%
|
20%
|
13%
|
108%
|
113%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.10%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$8.85
|
$9.46
|
$10.08
|
$9.85
|
$6.28
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.14
|
0.10
|
0.10
|
0.18
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.74
|
(0.63)
|
(0.49)2
|
0.19
|
3.56
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.88
|
(0.53)
|
(0.39)
|
0.37
|
3.68
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.10)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.11)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.10)
|
(0.08)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.14)
|
(0.11)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$12.63
|
$8.85
|
$9.46
|
$10.08
|
$9.85
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
43.97%
|
(5.63%)
|
(3.89%)2
|
3.69%
|
59.24%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,841
|
$2,386
|
$4,435
|
$7,290
|
$11,467
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.24%
|
1.24%
|
1.24%
|
1.28%
|
1.35%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.62%
|
1.50%
|
1.43%
|
1.29%
|
1.38%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.38%
|
1.07%
|
1.03%
|
1.81%
|
1.61%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.00%
|
0.81%
|
0.84%
|
1.80%
|
1.58%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
29%
|
20%
|
13%
|
108%
|
113%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlement received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.01 and total return by 0.10%. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.97
|
$27.58
|
$24.40
|
$27.35
|
$27.71
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.112
|
0.09
|
0.06
|
0.08
|
0.06
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.09
|
(0.41)
|
4.58
|
(0.76)
|
1.06
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.20
|
(0.32)
|
4.64
|
(0.68)
|
1.12
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.66)
|
(0.03)
|
(0.15)
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.21)
|
(3.26)
|
(1.31)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.87)
|
(3.29)
|
(1.46)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.30
|
$23.97
|
$27.58
|
$24.40
|
$27.35
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
17.35%2,5
|
(1.54%)5
|
20.06%5
|
(2.98%)5
|
4.44%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$168,736
|
$181,597
|
$216,521
|
$219,518
|
$311,815
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.21%
|
1.21%
|
1.21%
|
1.23%
|
1.24%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.26%
|
1.26%
|
1.25%
|
1.26%
|
1.24%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.45%
|
0.32%
|
0.23%
|
0.32%
|
0.20%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.40%
|
0.27%
|
0.19%
|
0.29%
|
0.20%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
4%
|
5%
|
5%
|
3%
|
1%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.08%. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$21.14
|
$24.86
|
$22.15
|
$25.22
|
$25.86
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.06)2,3
|
(0.11)
|
(0.12)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.14)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.58
|
(0.35)
|
4.14
|
(0.70)
|
0.98
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
3.52
|
(0.46)
|
4.02
|
(0.80)
|
0.84
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.47)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.21)
|
(3.26)
|
(1.31)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.68)
|
(3.26)
|
(1.31)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$21.98
|
$21.14
|
$24.86
|
$22.15
|
$25.22
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
16.47%2,6
|
(2.29%)6
|
19.18%6
|
(3.73%)6
|
3.66%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$25,290
|
$35,247
|
$57,364
|
$69,423
|
$86,748
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets7.....................
|
1.96%
|
1.96%
|
1.96%
|
1.98%
|
1.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived7.......
|
2.01%
|
2.01%
|
2.00%
|
2.01%
|
1.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.29%)
|
(0.43%)
|
(0.52%)
|
(0.43%)
|
(0.55%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.34%)
|
(0.48%)
|
(0.56%)
|
(0.46%)
|
(0.55%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
4%
|
5%
|
5%
|
3%
|
1%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment loss per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.09%. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | The per share amount of net investment loss does not directly correlate to the amounts reported in the Statement of operations due to class specific expenses. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$23.23
|
$26.87
|
$23.81
|
$26.81
|
$27.26
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
0.042
|
0.02
|
—3
|
0.02
|
(0.01)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
3.97
|
(0.40)
|
4.46
|
(0.75)
|
1.04
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—4
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.01
|
(0.38)
|
4.46
|
(0.73)
|
1.03
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.63)
|
—
|
(0.09)
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.21)
|
(3.26)
|
(1.31)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.84)
|
(3.26)
|
(1.40)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.40
|
$23.23
|
$26.87
|
$23.81
|
$26.81
| |
|
Total
return5.........................................
|
17.09%2,6
|
(1.80%)6
|
19.74%6
|
(3.23%)6
|
4.18%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,908
|
$2,329
|
$2,999
|
$3,042
|
$4,130
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets7.....................
|
1.46%
|
1.46%
|
1.46%
|
1.48%
|
1.49%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived7.......
|
1.51%
|
1.51%
|
1.50%
|
1.51%
|
1.49%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
0.17%
|
0.08%
|
(0.02%)
|
0.07%
|
(0.05%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
0.12%
|
0.03%
|
(0.06%)
|
0.04%
|
(0.05%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
4%
|
5%
|
5%
|
3%
|
1%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.09%. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Amount is less than $(0.005) per share. |
| 4 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 6 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 7 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$24.25
|
$27.87
|
$24.65
|
$27.60
|
$27.93
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.182
|
0.16
|
0.12
|
0.15
|
0.13
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
4.13
|
(0.42)
|
4.63
|
(0.77)
|
1.06
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—
|
—3
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
4.31
|
(0.26)
|
4.75
|
(0.62)
|
1.19
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.73)
|
(0.10)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.06)
|
(0.04)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.21)
|
(3.26)
|
(1.31)
|
(2.27)
|
(1.48)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.94)
|
(3.36)
|
(1.53)
|
(2.33)
|
(1.52)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.62
|
$24.25
|
$27.87
|
$24.65
|
$27.60
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
17.63%2,5
|
(1.30%)5
|
20.36%5
|
(2.73%)5
|
4.69%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$467,944
|
$481,915
|
$514,435
|
$524,097
|
$542,943
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.96%
|
0.96%
|
0.96%
|
0.98%
|
0.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.01%
|
1.01%
|
1.00%
|
1.01%
|
0.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.70%
|
0.58%
|
0.48%
|
0.57%
|
0.45%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.65%
|
0.53%
|
0.44%
|
0.54%
|
0.45%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
4%
|
5%
|
5%
|
3%
|
1%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes the refunded European tax reclaims. These reclaims impacted the net investment income per share by $0.02 and total return by 0.08%. See Note 1 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 5 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.05
|
$16.16
|
$15.75
|
$16.92
|
$12.42
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.26
|
0.14
|
0.39
|
0.35
|
0.21
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
9.09
|
(0.40)
|
0.33
|
(1.20)
|
4.61
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
9.35
|
(0.26)
|
0.72
|
(0.85)
|
4.82
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.72)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.32)
|
(0.32)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
—
|
(0.85)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.32)
|
(0.32)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.40
|
$15.05
|
$16.16
|
$15.75
|
$16.92
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
62.13%3
|
(1.80%)3
|
4.63%
|
(5.03%)3
|
39.47%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$146,543
|
$102,747
|
$123,472
|
$150,383
|
$170,746
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.28%
|
1.39%
|
1.20%
|
1.44%
|
1.82%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.50%
|
1.46%
|
1.20%
|
1.65%
|
1.82%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.41%
|
0.86%
|
2.54%
|
2.20%
|
1.57%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.19%
|
0.79%
|
2.54%
|
1.99%
|
1.57%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
65%
|
47%
|
37%
|
48%
|
116%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$11.92
|
$12.99
|
$12.71
|
$13.81
|
$10.22
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.10
|
0.01
|
0.21
|
0.19
|
0.09
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
7.15
|
(0.31)
|
0.28
|
(0.98)
|
3.77
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
7.25
|
(0.30)
|
0.49
|
(0.79)
|
3.86
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.64)
|
(0.21)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.27)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
—
|
(0.77)
|
(0.21)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.27)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$19.17
|
$11.92
|
$12.99
|
$12.71
|
$13.81
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
60.82%3
|
(2.52%)3
|
3.89%
|
(5.76%)3
|
38.45%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,397
|
$1,874
|
$2,394
|
$3,846
|
$3,460
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
2.03%
|
2.14%
|
1.95%
|
2.20%
|
2.52%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
2.25%
|
2.21%
|
1.95%
|
2.42%
|
2.52%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
0.66%
|
0.10%
|
1.72%
|
1.46%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.44%
|
0.03%
|
1.72%
|
1.24%
|
0.84%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
65%
|
47%
|
37%
|
48%
|
116%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$14.87
|
$15.93
|
$15.52
|
$16.69
|
$12.25
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.21
|
0.10
|
0.35
|
0.32
|
0.22
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
8.96
|
(0.39)
|
0.31
|
(1.19)
|
4.54
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
9.17
|
(0.29)
|
0.66
|
(0.87)
|
4.76
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.64)
|
(0.25)
|
(0.30)
|
(0.32)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
—
|
(0.77)
|
(0.25)
|
(0.30)
|
(0.32)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$24.04
|
$14.87
|
$15.93
|
$15.52
|
$16.69
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
61.67%3
|
(2.00%)3
|
4.33%
|
(5.21%)3
|
39.60%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$9,876
|
$6,305
|
$9,011
|
$12,202
|
$14,145
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.53%
|
1.64%
|
1.45%
|
1.64%
|
1.78%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.75%
|
1.71%
|
1.45%
|
1.66%
|
1.78%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.14%
|
0.60%
|
2.28%
|
2.03%
|
1.60%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.92%
|
0.53%
|
2.28%
|
2.01%
|
1.60%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
65%
|
47%
|
37%
|
48%
|
116%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.88
|
$16.99
|
$16.52
|
$17.72
|
$12.99
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.32
|
0.19
|
0.45
|
0.42
|
0.31
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
9.61
|
(0.43)
|
0.35
|
(1.25)
|
4.82
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
9.93
|
(0.24)
|
0.80
|
(0.83)
|
5.13
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.74)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.37)
|
(0.40)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
—
|
(0.87)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.37)
|
(0.40)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.81
|
$15.88
|
$16.99
|
$16.52
|
$17.72
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
62.53%3
|
(1.57%)3
|
4.93%
|
(4.73%)3
|
40.30%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$73,799
|
$42,165
|
$51,824
|
$76,474
|
$84,343
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.03%
|
1.14%
|
0.95%
|
1.11%
|
1.21%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.25%
|
1.21%
|
0.95%
|
1.14%
|
1.21%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.62%
|
1.12%
|
2.78%
|
2.52%
|
2.17%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.40%
|
1.05%
|
2.78%
|
2.49%
|
2.17%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
65%
|
47%
|
37%
|
48%
|
116%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.86
|
$16.96
|
$16.56
|
$17.79
|
$13.03
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.37
|
0.22
|
0.48
|
0.42
|
0.36
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
9.60
|
(0.43)
|
0.31
|
(1.24)
|
4.82
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
9.97
|
(0.21)
|
0.79
|
(0.82)
|
5.18
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.76)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.42)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
—
|
(0.89)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.42)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.83
|
$15.86
|
$16.96
|
$16.56
|
$17.79
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
62.86%3
|
(1.41%)3
|
4.89%
|
(4.63%)3
|
40.61%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$5,477
|
$4,730
|
$5,446
|
$4,213
|
$2,228
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.86%
|
0.98%
|
0.92%
|
1.03%
|
1.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.08%
|
1.05%
|
0.92%
|
1.07%
|
1.04%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.89%
|
1.26%
|
2.93%
|
2.49%
|
2.46%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.67%
|
1.19%
|
2.93%
|
2.45%
|
2.46%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
65%
|
47%
|
37%
|
48%
|
116%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.53
|
$16.63
|
$16.19
|
$17.38
|
$12.74
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.27
|
0.14
|
0.40
|
0.38
|
0.28
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
9.38
|
(0.41)
|
0.33
|
(1.24)
|
4.73
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
9.65
|
(0.27)
|
0.73
|
(0.86)
|
5.01
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
—
|
(0.70)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Return
of capital.......................................
|
—
|
(0.13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
—
|
(0.83)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.37)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$25.18
|
$15.53
|
$16.63
|
$16.19
|
$17.38
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
62.14%3
|
(1.79%)3
|
4.60%
|
(4.95%)3
|
40.08%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$12,894
|
$8,807
|
$10,505
|
$12,632
|
$14,348
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.28%
|
1.39%
|
1.20%
|
1.35%
|
1.42%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.50%
|
1.46%
|
1.20%
|
1.38%
|
1.42%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.40%
|
0.86%
|
2.54%
|
2.27%
|
1.97%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.18%
|
0.79%
|
2.54%
|
2.24%
|
1.97%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
65%
|
47%
|
37%
|
48%
|
116%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$14.92
|
$15.74
|
$16.43
|
$27.72
|
$24.82
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.23
|
0.23
|
0.26
|
0.30
|
0.21
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.10
|
1.21
|
0.79
|
(5.87)
|
6.44
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.33
|
1.44
|
1.05
|
(5.57)
|
6.65
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.26)
|
(0.55)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.14)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.74)
|
(2.00)
|
(1.19)
|
(5.32)
|
(3.61)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.06)
|
(2.26)
|
(1.74)
|
(5.72)
|
(3.75)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.19
|
$14.92
|
$15.74
|
$16.43
|
$27.72
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
9.70%3
|
8.89%3
|
6.55%3
|
(20.26%)3
|
26.90%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$53,274
|
$59,981
|
$70,391
|
$86,795
|
$143,562
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.20%
|
1.20%
|
1.20%
|
1.29%
|
1.38%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.72%
|
1.54%
|
1.39%
|
1.57%
|
1.38%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.60%
|
1.46%
|
1.62%
|
1.39%
|
0.74%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.08%
|
1.12%
|
1.43%
|
1.11%
|
0.74%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
37%
|
45%
|
36%
|
57%
|
43%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$13.93
|
$14.86
|
$15.60
|
$26.73
|
$24.11
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income (loss)1.............................
|
0.11
|
0.11
|
0.13
|
0.10
|
(0.07)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.02
|
1.13
|
0.76
|
(5.66)
|
6.27
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.13
|
1.24
|
0.89
|
(5.56)
|
6.20
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.24)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.25)
|
—
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.74)
|
(2.00)
|
(1.19)
|
(5.32)
|
(3.58)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(2.98)
|
(2.17)
|
(1.63)
|
(5.57)
|
(3.58)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$12.08
|
$13.93
|
$14.86
|
$15.60
|
$26.73
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
8.86%3
|
8.07%3
|
5.79%3
|
(21.00%)3
|
25.74%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$446
|
$380
|
$577
|
$815
|
$1,707
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.95%
|
1.95%
|
1.95%
|
2.19%
|
2.33%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
2.47%
|
2.29%
|
2.14%
|
2.76%
|
2.33%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets.........
|
0.82%
|
0.72%
|
0.83%
|
0.49%
|
(0.24%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income (loss) to average net assets prior to fees waived......................................... |
0.30%
|
0.38%
|
0.64%
|
(0.08%)
|
(0.24%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
37%
|
45%
|
36%
|
57%
|
43%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$14.83
|
$15.67
|
$16.36
|
$27.66
|
$24.78
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.19
|
0.18
|
0.19
|
0.20
|
0.12
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.09
|
1.22
|
0.82
|
(5.82)
|
6.44
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.28
|
1.40
|
1.01
|
(5.62)
|
6.56
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.30)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.51)
|
(0.36)
|
(0.07)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.74)
|
(2.00)
|
(1.19)
|
(5.32)
|
(3.61)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.04)
|
(2.24)
|
(1.70)
|
(5.68)
|
(3.68)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.07
|
$14.83
|
$15.67
|
$16.36
|
$27.66
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
9.38%3
|
8.67%3
|
6.33%3
|
(20.50%)3
|
26.55%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$876
|
$618
|
$477
|
$497
|
$555
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.45%
|
1.45%
|
1.45%
|
1.54%
|
1.69%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.97%
|
1.79%
|
1.64%
|
1.65%
|
1.69%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.33%
|
1.12%
|
1.22%
|
0.93%
|
0.42%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
0.81%
|
0.78%
|
1.03%
|
0.82%
|
0.42%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
37%
|
45%
|
36%
|
57%
|
43%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.27
|
$16.04
|
$16.70
|
$28.05
|
$25.05
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.27
|
0.28
|
0.32
|
0.38
|
0.29
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.13
|
1.23
|
0.79
|
(5.97)
|
6.52
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.40
|
1.51
|
1.11
|
(5.59)
|
6.81
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.36)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.58)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.20)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.74)
|
(2.00)
|
(1.19)
|
(5.32)
|
(3.61)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.10)
|
(2.28)
|
(1.77)
|
(5.76)
|
(3.81)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.57
|
$15.27
|
$16.04
|
$16.70
|
$28.05
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
9.90%3
|
9.22%3
|
6.84%3
|
(20.07%)3
|
27.32%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$21,962
|
$29,108
|
$40,263
|
$64,516
|
$133,161
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.95%
|
0.95%
|
0.95%
|
1.00%
|
1.09%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.47%
|
1.29%
|
1.14%
|
1.09%
|
1.09%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.83%
|
1.74%
|
1.94%
|
1.74%
|
1.01%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.31%
|
1.40%
|
1.75%
|
1.65%
|
1.01%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
37%
|
45%
|
36%
|
57%
|
43%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.30
|
$16.07
|
$16.74
|
$28.10
|
$25.09
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.30
|
0.28
|
0.31
|
0.28
|
0.36
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.13
|
1.26
|
0.82
|
(5.86)
|
6.50
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.43
|
1.54
|
1.13
|
(5.58)
|
6.86
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.38)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.61)
|
(0.46)
|
(0.24)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.74)
|
(2.00)
|
(1.19)
|
(5.32)
|
(3.61)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.12)
|
(2.31)
|
(1.80)
|
(5.78)
|
(3.85)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.61
|
$15.30
|
$16.07
|
$16.74
|
$28.10
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
10.11%3
|
9.36%3
|
6.94%3
|
(19.99%)3
|
27.48%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$4,740
|
$3,373
|
$1,938
|
$1,973
|
$1,112
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.80%
|
0.80%
|
0.85%
|
0.99%
|
0.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.32%
|
1.14%
|
1.09%
|
1.06%
|
0.93%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.97%
|
1.73%
|
1.90%
|
1.38%
|
1.26%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.45%
|
1.39%
|
1.66%
|
1.31%
|
1.26%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
37%
|
45%
|
36%
|
57%
|
43%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$15.14
|
$15.93
|
$16.60
|
$27.79
|
$24.87
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.23
|
0.24
|
0.25
|
0.43
|
0.23
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
1.12
|
1.22
|
0.81
|
(6.02)
|
6.45
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
1.35
|
1.46
|
1.06
|
(5.59)
|
6.68
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.25)
|
(0.54)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.15)
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(2.74)
|
(2.00)
|
(1.19)
|
(5.32)
|
(3.61)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(3.06)
|
(2.25)
|
(1.73)
|
(5.60)
|
(3.76)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$13.43
|
$15.14
|
$15.93
|
$16.60
|
$27.79
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
9.69%3
|
8.93%3
|
6.57%3
|
(20.27%)3
|
26.98%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$2,320
|
$2,398
|
$2,969
|
$3,481
|
$90,376
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.20%
|
1.20%
|
1.20%
|
1.25%
|
1.31%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.72%
|
1.54%
|
1.39%
|
1.29%
|
1.31%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
1.59%
|
1.51%
|
1.52%
|
1.79%
|
0.82%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
1.07%
|
1.17%
|
1.33%
|
1.75%
|
0.82%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
37%
|
45%
|
36%
|
57%
|
43%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$46.51
|
$53.07
|
$42.38
|
$63.48
|
$92.04
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.40)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.23)
|
(0.24)
|
(0.66)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
21.22
|
3.022
|
16.252
|
(8.49)
|
2.73
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
20.82
|
2.68
|
16.02
|
(8.73)
|
2.07
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.63)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.63)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$56.73
|
$46.51
|
$53.07
|
$42.38
|
$63.48
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.46%
|
3.05%2
|
40.88%2
|
(12.32%)
|
(0.21%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$3,952,582
|
$3,241,372
|
$3,743,633
|
$3,186,208
|
$4,958,005
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.17%
|
1.18%
|
1.16%
|
1.21%
|
1.13%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.17%
|
1.18%
|
1.16%
|
1.21%
|
1.13%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.67%)
|
(0.63%)
|
(0.50%)
|
(0.51%)
|
(0.76%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.67%)
|
(0.63%)
|
(0.50%)
|
(0.51%)
|
(0.76%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
58%
|
45%
|
29%
|
51%
|
53%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.05 and $0.04 and total return by 0.09% and 0.09% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/261
|
3/31/251
|
3/31/241
|
3/31/231
|
Year
ended 3/31/221
|
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$61.44
|
$84.00
|
$74.28
|
$131.25
|
$217.32
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss2....................................
|
(1.13)
|
(1.14)
|
(0.96)
|
(1.38)
|
(3.12)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
27.96
|
6.303
|
26.673
|
(18.48)
|
7.86
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
26.83
|
5.16
|
25.71
|
(19.86)
|
4.74
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(10.60)
|
(27.72)
|
(15.99)
|
(37.11)
|
(90.81)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(10.60)
|
(27.72)
|
(15.99)
|
(37.11)
|
(90.81)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$77.67
|
$61.44
|
$84.00
|
$74.28
|
$131.25
| |
|
Total
return4.........................................
|
43.39%
|
2.27%3
|
39.82%3
|
(13.14%)
|
(1.00%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$66,821
|
$64,680
|
$88,952
|
$109,544
|
$237,610
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.92%
|
1.93%
|
1.91%
|
2.14%
|
1.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.92%
|
1.93%
|
1.91%
|
2.14%
|
1.92%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(1.42%)
|
(1.38%)
|
(1.25%)
|
(1.45%)
|
(1.56%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(1.42%)
|
(1.38%)
|
(1.25%)
|
(1.45%)
|
(1.56%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
58%
|
45%
|
29%
|
51%
|
53%
|
| 1 | On September 26, 2025, the Fund declared a 3 for 1 reverse stock split. All historical per share information has been retroactively adjusted to reflect this reverse stock split. |
| 2 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 3 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.02 and $0.02 and total return by 0.07% and 0.08% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
| 4 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$40.58
|
$47.42
|
$38.46
|
$59.21
|
$87.86
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.47)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.38)
|
(0.97)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
18.51
|
2.832
|
14.602
|
(8.00)
|
2.69
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
18.04
|
2.40
|
14.29
|
(8.38)
|
1.72
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.37)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.37)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$48.02
|
$40.58
|
$47.42
|
$38.46
|
$59.21
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.08%
|
2.80%2
|
40.53%2
|
(12.65%)
|
(0.63%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$105,143
|
$90,043
|
$109,957
|
$94,005
|
$120,945
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.42%
|
1.43%
|
1.41%
|
1.57%
|
1.55%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.42%
|
1.43%
|
1.41%
|
1.57%
|
1.55%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.92%)
|
(0.88%)
|
(0.75%)
|
(0.86%)
|
(1.18%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.92%)
|
(0.88%)
|
(0.75%)
|
(0.86%)
|
(1.18%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
58%
|
45%
|
29%
|
51%
|
53%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.04 and $0.04 and total return by 0.08% and 0.10% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$63.88
|
$69.75
|
$54.09
|
$76.68
|
$105.32
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.35)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.15)
|
(0.17)
|
(0.60)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
29.12
|
3.652
|
21.142
|
(10.05)
|
2.83
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
28.77
|
3.37
|
20.99
|
(10.22)
|
2.23
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.87)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.87)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$82.05
|
$63.88
|
$69.75
|
$54.09
|
$76.68
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.83%
|
3.32%2
|
41.23%2
|
(12.14%)
|
(0.04%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,535,264
|
$1,253,021
|
$1,403,120
|
$1,281,422
|
$2,354,813
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.92%
|
0.93%
|
0.91%
|
0.99%
|
0.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.92%
|
0.93%
|
0.91%
|
0.99%
|
0.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.42%)
|
(0.38%)
|
(0.25%)
|
(0.29%)
|
(0.59%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.42%)
|
(0.38%)
|
(0.25%)
|
(0.29%)
|
(0.59%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
58%
|
45%
|
29%
|
51%
|
53%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.07 and $0.05 and total return by 0.10% and 0.09% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$65.47
|
$71.23
|
$55.11
|
$77.75
|
$106.48
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.29)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.11)
|
(0.09)
|
(0.45)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
29.83
|
3.702
|
21.562
|
(10.18)
|
2.84
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
29.54
|
3.48
|
21.45
|
(10.27)
|
2.39
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(31.12)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(31.12)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$84.41
|
$65.47
|
$71.23
|
$55.11
|
$77.75
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.92%
|
3.40%2
|
41.31%2
|
(12.02%)
|
0.10%
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$208,284
|
$143,735
|
$155,573
|
$108,424
|
$173,276
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.84%
|
0.85%
|
0.84%
|
0.86%
|
0.81%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.84%
|
0.85%
|
0.84%
|
0.86%
|
0.81%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.34%)
|
(0.30%)
|
(0.18%)
|
(0.15%)
|
(0.44%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.34%)
|
(0.30%)
|
(0.18%)
|
(0.15%)
|
(0.44%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
58%
|
45%
|
29%
|
51%
|
53%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.07 and $0.05 and total return by 0.10% and 0.09% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$55.33
|
$61.62
|
$48.45
|
$70.42
|
$98.99
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment loss1....................................
|
(0.48)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.26)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.74)
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
25.21
|
3.352
|
18.762
|
(9.32)
|
2.79
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
24.73
|
2.95
|
18.50
|
(9.60)
|
2.05
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
realized gain.......................................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.62)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(10.60)
|
(9.24)
|
(5.33)
|
(12.37)
|
(30.62)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$69.46
|
$55.33
|
$61.62
|
$48.45
|
$70.42
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
44.44%
|
3.06%2
|
40.88%2
|
(12.34%)
|
(0.22%)4
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$326,304
|
$257,726
|
$284,479
|
$229,962
|
$351,136
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets5.....................
|
1.17%
|
1.18%
|
1.16%
|
1.23%
|
1.14%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5.......
|
1.17%
|
1.18%
|
1.16%
|
1.23%
|
1.20%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets...............
|
(0.67%)
|
(0.63%)
|
(0.50%)
|
(0.53%)
|
(0.78%)
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment loss to average net assets prior to fees waived.
|
(0.67%)
|
(0.63%)
|
(0.50%)
|
(0.53%)
|
(0.84%)
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
58%
|
45%
|
29%
|
51%
|
53%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Amount includes non-recurring payment for litigation proceeds, which represents class action settlements received by the Fund. The litigation proceeds impact the realized and unrealized gain (loss) per share by $0.06 and $0.05 and total return by 0.10% and 0.10% for the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.20
|
$9.15
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
|
$10.26
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.32
|
0.33
|
0.32
|
0.24
|
0.25
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.04)
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
(0.44)
|
(0.69)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.28
|
0.34
|
0.37
|
(0.20)
|
(0.44)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.25)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.28)
|
(0.25)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$9.16
|
$9.20
|
$9.15
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
3.08%
|
3.82%
|
4.19%
|
(2.00%)
|
(4.39%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$80,031
|
$91,772
|
$96,400
|
$111,266
|
$150,133
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.94%
|
0.96%4
|
0.97%5
|
0.96%
|
0.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
1.15%
|
1.13%4
|
1.09%5
|
1.24%
|
1.19%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
3.48%
|
3.58%
|
3.58%
|
2.64%
|
2.46%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
3.27%
|
3.41%
|
3.46%
|
2.36%
|
2.23%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
141%
|
226%
|
181%
|
124%
|
50%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | The ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding interest expense and ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived excluding interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2024 were 0.96% and 1.08%, respectively. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.19
|
$9.14
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
|
$10.25
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.25
|
0.26
|
0.25
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.04)
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
(0.43)
|
(0.68)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.21
|
0.27
|
0.30
|
(0.26)
|
(0.51)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.25)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.25)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.17)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.25)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.25)
|
(0.22)
|
(0.17)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$9.15
|
$9.19
|
$9.14
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.31%
|
3.01%
|
3.36%
|
(2.68%)
|
(5.04%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,115
|
$1,185
|
$1,729
|
$2,675
|
$3,499
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
1.69%
|
1.71%4
|
1.72%5
|
1.71%
|
1.72%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
1.90%
|
1.88%4
|
1.84%5
|
2.06%
|
1.97%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
2.73%
|
2.83%
|
2.83%
|
1.91%
|
1.69%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
2.52%
|
2.66%
|
2.71%
|
1.56%
|
1.44%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
141%
|
226%
|
181%
|
124%
|
50%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | The ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding interest expense and ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived excluding interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2024 were 1.71% and 1.83%, respectively. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.17
|
$9.13
|
$9.07
|
$9.55
|
$10.23
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.30
|
0.30
|
0.30
|
0.21
|
0.20
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.04)
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
(0.43)
|
(0.68)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.26
|
0.31
|
0.35
|
(0.22)
|
(0.48)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.30)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.26)
|
(0.20)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.30)
|
(0.27)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.26)
|
(0.20)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$9.13
|
$9.17
|
$9.13
|
$9.07
|
$9.55
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
2.84%3
|
3.50%3
|
3.98%3
|
(2.31%)3
|
(4.77%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$847
|
$1,043
|
$342
|
$257
|
$260
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
1.19%
|
1.21%5
|
1.22%6
|
1.29%
|
1.45%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
1.40%
|
1.38%5
|
1.34%6
|
1.31%
|
1.45%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
3.22%
|
3.33%
|
3.33%
|
2.35%
|
1.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
3.01%
|
3.16%
|
3.21%
|
2.33%
|
1.96%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
141%
|
226%
|
181%
|
124%
|
50%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 6 | The ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding interest expense and ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived excluding interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2024 were 1.21% and 1.33%, respectively. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.18
|
$9.14
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
|
$10.25
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.34
|
0.35
|
0.34
|
0.26
|
0.27
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.04)
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
(0.43)
|
(0.68)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.30
|
0.36
|
0.39
|
(0.17)
|
(0.41)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.34)
|
(0.32)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.27)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.34)
|
(0.32)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.27)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$9.14
|
$9.18
|
$9.14
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
3.35%
|
3.97%
|
4.44%
|
(1.76%)
|
(4.08%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$186,570
|
$207,714
|
$210,566
|
$179,446
|
$198,358
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.69%
|
0.71%4
|
0.72%5
|
0.72%
|
0.74%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
0.90%
|
0.88%4
|
0.84%5
|
0.75%
|
0.86%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
3.72%
|
3.83%
|
3.83%
|
2.91%
|
2.67%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
3.51%
|
3.66%
|
3.71%
|
2.88%
|
2.55%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
141%
|
226%
|
181%
|
124%
|
50%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | The ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding interest expense and ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived excluding interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2024 were 0.71% and 0.83%, respectively. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.18
|
$9.13
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
|
$10.26
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.36
|
0.36
|
0.35
|
0.26
|
0.27
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.04)
|
0.02
|
0.05
|
(0.43)
|
(0.68)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.32
|
0.38
|
0.40
|
(0.17)
|
(0.41)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.36)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.36)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.28)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.36)
|
(0.33)
|
(0.36)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.28)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$9.14
|
$9.18
|
$9.13
|
$9.09
|
$9.57
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
3.48%3
|
4.22%3
|
4.50%3
|
(1.75%)
|
(4.14%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$136,067
|
$180,146
|
$171,002
|
$132,679
|
$143,870
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets4.....................
|
0.56%
|
0.58%5
|
0.64%6
|
0.73%
|
0.70%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4.......
|
0.77%
|
0.75%5
|
0.74%6
|
0.73%
|
0.70%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
3.87%
|
3.95%
|
3.91%
|
2.90%
|
2.65%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
3.66%
|
3.78%
|
3.81%
|
2.90%
|
2.65%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
141%
|
226%
|
181%
|
124%
|
50%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 3 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 4 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 5 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 6 | The ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding interest expense and ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived excluding interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2024 were 0.63% and 0.73%, respectively. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$9.20
|
$9.15
|
$9.09
|
$9.58
|
$10.26
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.32
|
0.33
|
0.32
|
0.25
|
0.25
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.04)
|
0.02
|
0.05
|
(0.45)
|
(0.68)
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.28
|
0.35
|
0.37
|
(0.20)
|
(0.43)
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.30)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.25)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.32)
|
(0.30)
|
(0.31)
|
(0.29)
|
(0.25)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$9.16
|
$9.20
|
$9.15
|
$9.09
|
$9.58
| |
|
Total
return2.........................................
|
3.08%
|
3.84%
|
4.21%
|
(2.06%)
|
(4.29%)
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,782
|
$2,345
|
$1,999
|
$1,879
|
$881
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets3.....................
|
0.94%
|
0.96%4
|
0.97%5
|
0.96%
|
0.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3.......
|
1.15%
|
1.13%4
|
1.09%5
|
0.99%
|
1.11%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
3.48%
|
3.58%
|
3.58%
|
2.74%
|
2.42%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
3.27%
|
3.41%
|
3.46%
|
2.71%
|
2.27%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
141%
|
226%
|
181%
|
124%
|
50%
|
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 3 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 4 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 5 | The ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding interest expense and ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived excluding interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2024 were 0.96% and 1.08%, respectively. |
|
Class
A shares |
3/31/26φ
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$5.83
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
|
$7.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.38
|
0.38
|
0.43
|
0.44
|
0.46
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.24)
|
0.21
|
(0.86)
|
(0.38)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—2
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.29
|
0.14
|
0.64
|
(0.42)
|
0.08
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.37)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.45)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.37)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.45)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$5.75
|
$5.83
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
5.07%2,4
|
2.26%2,4
|
11.36%
|
(6.02%)4
|
1.09%5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$1,002,127
|
$1,207,774
|
$1,109,865
|
$1,196,375
|
$1,576,813
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.88%
|
1.00%7,8
|
0.89%
|
1.00%
|
0.95%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.00%
|
1.08%7,8
|
0.89%
|
1.02%
|
0.95%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
6.48%
|
6.32%
|
7.27%
|
7.38%
|
6.44%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
6.36%
|
6.24%
|
7.27%
|
7.36%
|
6.44%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
34%
|
56%
|
30%
|
50%
|
48%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights from July 7, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | The impact of the tax expense on the ratio of expenses to average net assets is 0.11% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
C shares |
3/31/26φ
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
|
$7.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.34
|
0.34
|
0.39
|
0.40
|
0.40
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.26)
|
0.20
|
(0.86)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—2
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.25
|
0.08
|
0.59
|
(0.46)
|
0.03
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.33)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.38)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.40)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.33)
|
(0.34)
|
(0.38)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.40)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$5.74
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
4.28%2,4
|
1.32%2,4
|
10.53%
|
(6.70%)4
|
0.38%4,5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$52,946
|
$76,913
|
$111,787
|
$141,497
|
$221,601
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.63%
|
1.75%7,8
|
1.64%
|
1.71%
|
1.66%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.75%
|
1.83%7,8
|
1.64%
|
1.81%
|
1.70%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
5.73%
|
5.54%
|
6.52%
|
6.64%
|
5.72%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
5.61%
|
5.46%
|
6.52%
|
6.54%
|
5.68%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
34%
|
56%
|
30%
|
50%
|
48%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights from July 7, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value and does not reflect the impact of a sales charge. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | The impact of the tax expense on the ratio of expenses to average net assets is 0.11% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R shares |
3/31/26φ
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
|
$7.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.37
|
0.37
|
0.41
|
0.42
|
0.43
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.08)
|
(0.26)
|
0.21
|
(0.85)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—2
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.29
|
0.11
|
0.62
|
(0.43)
|
0.06
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.36)
|
(0.37)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.43)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.36)
|
(0.37)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.43)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$5.75
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
4.98%2,4
|
1.83%2,4
|
11.08%
|
(6.29%)
|
0.71%5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$28,337
|
$31,504
|
$32,778
|
$34,322
|
$44,613
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
1.13%
|
1.25%7,8
|
1.14%
|
1.28%
|
1.34%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.25%
|
1.33%7,8
|
1.14%
|
1.28%
|
1.34%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
6.23%
|
6.07%
|
7.02%
|
7.09%
|
6.05%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
6.11%
|
5.99%
|
7.02%
|
7.09%
|
6.05%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
34%
|
56%
|
30%
|
50%
|
48%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights from July 7, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | The impact of the tax expense on the ratio of expenses to average net assets is 0.11% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Institutional
Class shares |
3/31/26φ
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
|
$7.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.40
|
0.40
|
0.44
|
0.45
|
0.47
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.08)
|
(0.26)
|
0.21
|
(0.85)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—2
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.32
|
0.14
|
0.65
|
(0.40)
|
0.10
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.39)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.46)
|
(0.47)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.39)
|
(0.40)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.46)
|
(0.47)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$5.75
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
5.51%2,4
|
2.34%2,4
|
11.63%
|
(5.79%)
|
1.31%5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$579,800
|
$912,237
|
$1,013,680
|
$1,035,891
|
$1,454,150
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.63%
|
0.75%7,8
|
0.64%
|
0.75%
|
0.74%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
0.75%
|
0.83%7,8
|
0.64%
|
0.75%
|
0.74%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
6.73%
|
6.57%
|
7.52%
|
7.61%
|
6.66%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
6.61%
|
6.49%
|
7.52%
|
7.61%
|
6.66%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
34%
|
56%
|
30%
|
50%
|
48%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights from July 7, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | The impact of the tax expense on the ratio of expenses to average net assets is 0.11% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
R6 shares |
3/31/26φ
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$5.83
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
|
$7.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.40
|
0.40
|
0.45
|
0.46
|
0.48
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.24)
|
0.20
|
(0.86)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—2
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.31
|
0.16
|
0.65
|
(0.40)
|
0.11
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.39)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.46)
|
(0.48)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.39)
|
(0.41)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.46)
|
(0.48)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$5.75
|
$5.83
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
5.42%2,4
|
2.60%2,4
|
11.64%
|
(5.68%)
|
1.45%5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$31,394
|
$97,070
|
$53,111
|
$59,659
|
$64,630
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.54%
|
0.66%7,8
|
0.62%
|
0.64%
|
0.60%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
0.66%
|
0.74%7,8
|
0.62%
|
0.64%
|
0.60%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
6.83%
|
6.68%
|
7.57%
|
7.78%
|
6.78%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
6.71%
|
6.60%
|
7.57%
|
7.78%
|
6.78%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
34%
|
56%
|
30%
|
50%
|
48%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights from July 7, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager. Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | The impact of the tax expense on the ratio of expenses to average net assets is 0.11% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
Class
Y shares |
3/31/26φ
|
3/31/25
|
3/31/24
|
3/31/23
|
Year
ended 3/31/22 |
|
|
Net
asset value, beginning of period.......................
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
|
$7.10
|
|
|
Income
(loss) from investment operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income1..................................
|
0.38
|
0.38
|
0.43
|
0.44
|
0.45
|
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss).......................
|
(0.09)
|
(0.25)
|
0.21
|
(0.86)
|
(0.37)
|
|
|
Payment
by affiliates....................................
|
—2
|
—2
|
—
|
—
|
—
| |
|
Total
from investment operations...........................
|
0.29
|
0.13
|
0.64
|
(0.42)
|
0.08
| |
|
Less
dividends and distributions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income..................................
|
(0.37)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.45)
| |
|
Total
dividends and distributions............................
|
(0.37)
|
(0.39)
|
(0.43)
|
(0.44)
|
(0.45)
| |
|
Net
asset value, end of period............................
|
$5.74
|
$5.82
|
$6.08
|
$5.87
|
$6.73
| |
|
Total
return3.........................................
|
5.07%2,4
|
2.08%2,4
|
11.35%
|
(6.02%)
|
1.09%4,5
|
|
|
Ratios
and supplemental data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
assets, end of period (000 omitted).......................
|
$34,282
|
$46,695
|
$56,376
|
$68,758
|
$99,847
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets6.....................
|
0.88%
|
1.00%7,8
|
0.89%
|
1.00%
|
0.96%
|
|
|
Ratio
of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived6.......
|
1.00%
|
1.08%7,8
|
0.89%
|
1.00%
|
0.99%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets.............
|
6.47%
|
6.32%
|
7.27%
|
7.34%
|
6.37%
|
|
|
Ratio
of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived............................................ |
6.35%
|
6.24%
|
7.27%
|
7.34%
|
6.34%
|
|
|
Portfolio
turnover......................................
|
34%
|
56%
|
30%
|
50%
|
48%
|
| φ | Consolidated financial highlights from July 7, 2025. |
| 1 | Calculated using average shares outstanding. |
| 2 | Payment by affiliates is less than $0.005 per share and 0.005% on total return. See Note 2 in “Notes to financial statements” in the Fund’s financial statements and other information in the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the year ended March 31, 2026. |
| 3 | Total return is based on the change in net asset value of a share during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions at net asset value. |
| 4 | Total return during the period presented reflects waivers by the manager and/or distributor (as applicable). Performance would have been lower had the waivers not been in effect. |
| 5 | Payments by affiliates had no impact on net asset value and total return. |
| 6 | Expense ratios do not include expenses of any investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
| 7 | Includes non-recurring expenses of 0.01% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
| 8 | The impact of the tax expense on the ratio of expenses to average net assets is 0.11% for the year ended March 31, 2025. |
|
On
or about May 1, 2026, assets not held at Merrill will no longer be included in the ROA calculation. For more detail on the timing and
calculation, please refer to the Merrill
SLWD Supplement. |
|
On
or about May 1, 2026, Merrill will no longer accept new LOIs. For more detail on the timing, please refer to the Merrill SLWD Supplement.
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$669.22
|
$9,803.89
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.10% |
|
|
2
|
$9,803.89
|
$490.19
|
$10,294.08
|
$109.95
|
$10,186.24
|
|
3
|
$10,186.24
|
$509.31
|
$10,695.55
|
$114.23
|
$10,583.50
|
|
4
|
$10,583.50
|
$529.17
|
$11,112.67
|
$118.69
|
$10,996.26
|
|
5
|
$10,996.26
|
$549.81
|
$11,546.07
|
$123.32
|
$11,425.11
|
|
6
|
$11,425.11
|
$571.26
|
$11,996.37
|
$128.13
|
$11,870.69
|
|
7
|
$11,870.69
|
$593.53
|
$12,464.22
|
$133.12
|
$12,333.65
|
|
8
|
$12,333.65
|
$616.68
|
$12,950.33
|
$138.32
|
$12,814.66
|
|
9
|
$12,814.66
|
$640.73
|
$13,455.39
|
$143.71
|
$13,314.43
|
|
10
|
$13,314.43
|
$665.72
|
$13,980.15
|
$149.31
|
$13,833.69
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,828.00
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$175.83
|
$10,327.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.85% |
|
|
2
|
$10,327.00
|
$516.35
|
$10,843.35
|
$194.06
|
$10,652.30
|
|
3
|
$10,652.30
|
$532.62
|
$11,184.92
|
$200.17
|
$10,987.85
|
|
4
|
$10,987.85
|
$549.39
|
$11,537.24
|
$206.48
|
$11,333.97
|
|
5
|
$11,333.97
|
$566.70
|
$11,900.66
|
$212.98
|
$11,690.99
|
|
6
|
$11,690.99
|
$584.55
|
$12,275.53
|
$219.69
|
$12,059.25
|
|
7
|
$12,059.25
|
$602.96
|
$12,662.21
|
$226.61
|
$12,439.12
|
|
8
|
$12,439.12
|
$621.96
|
$13,061.07
|
$233.75
|
$12,830.95
|
|
Converts
from
Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.10% |
|
|
9
|
$12,830.95
|
$641.55
|
$13,472.50
|
$143.89
|
$13,331.36
|
|
10
|
$13,331.36
|
$666.57
|
$13,997.92
|
$149.50
|
$13,851.28
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,962.96
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$74.56
|
$10,427.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.85% |
|
|
2
|
$10,427.00
|
$521.35
|
$10,948.35
|
$90.47
|
$10,859.72
|
|
3
|
$10,859.72
|
$542.99
|
$11,402.71
|
$94.22
|
$11,310.40
|
|
4
|
$11,310.40
|
$565.52
|
$11,875.92
|
$98.13
|
$11,779.78
|
|
5
|
$11,779.78
|
$588.99
|
$12,368.77
|
$102.21
|
$12,268.64
|
|
6
|
$12,268.64
|
$613.43
|
$12,882.07
|
$106.45
|
$12,777.79
|
|
7
|
$12,777.79
|
$638.89
|
$13,416.68
|
$110.86
|
$13,308.07
|
|
8
|
$13,308.07
|
$665.40
|
$13,973.47
|
$115.47
|
$13,860.35
|
|
9
|
$13,860.35
|
$693.02
|
$14,553.37
|
$120.26
|
$14,435.56
|
|
10
|
$14,435.56
|
$721.78
|
$15,157.34
|
$125.25
|
$15,034.63
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,037.88
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$65.40
|
$10,436.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.77% |
|
|
2
|
$10,436.00
|
$521.80
|
$10,957.80
|
$82.06
|
$10,877.44
|
|
3
|
$10,877.44
|
$543.87
|
$11,421.31
|
$85.53
|
$11,337.56
|
|
4
|
$11,337.56
|
$566.88
|
$11,904.44
|
$89.15
|
$11,817.14
|
|
5
|
$11,817.14
|
$590.86
|
$12,407.99
|
$92.92
|
$12,317.00
|
|
6
|
$12,317.00
|
$615.85
|
$12,932.85
|
$96.85
|
$12,838.01
|
|
7
|
$12,838.01
|
$641.90
|
$13,479.91
|
$100.94
|
$13,381.06
|
|
8
|
$13,381.06
|
$669.05
|
$14,050.11
|
$105.21
|
$13,947.08
|
|
9
|
$13,947.08
|
$697.35
|
$14,644.43
|
$109.66
|
$14,537.04
|
|
10
|
$14,537.04
|
$726.85
|
$15,263.89
|
$114.30
|
$15,151.96
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$942.02
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$125.32
|
$10,377.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.35% |
|
|
2
|
$10,377.00
|
$518.85
|
$10,895.85
|
$142.65
|
$10,755.76
|
|
3
|
$10,755.76
|
$537.79
|
$11,293.55
|
$147.85
|
$11,148.35
|
|
4
|
$11,148.35
|
$557.42
|
$11,705.76
|
$153.25
|
$11,555.26
|
|
5
|
$11,555.26
|
$577.76
|
$12,133.02
|
$158.84
|
$11,977.03
|
|
6
|
$11,977.03
|
$598.85
|
$12,575.88
|
$164.64
|
$12,414.19
|
|
7
|
$12,414.19
|
$620.71
|
$13,034.90
|
$170.65
|
$12,867.31
|
|
8
|
$12,867.31
|
$643.37
|
$13,510.67
|
$176.88
|
$13,336.96
|
|
9
|
$13,336.96
|
$666.85
|
$14,003.81
|
$183.33
|
$13,823.76
|
|
10
|
$13,823.76
|
$691.19
|
$14,514.95
|
$190.03
|
$14,328.33
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,613.44
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$99.97
|
$10,402.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.10% |
|
|
2
|
$10,402.00
|
$520.10
|
$10,922.10
|
$116.65
|
$10,807.68
|
|
3
|
$10,807.68
|
$540.38
|
$11,348.06
|
$121.20
|
$11,229.18
|
|
4
|
$11,229.18
|
$561.46
|
$11,790.64
|
$125.93
|
$11,667.12
|
|
5
|
$11,667.12
|
$583.36
|
$12,250.47
|
$130.84
|
$12,122.13
|
|
6
|
$12,122.13
|
$606.11
|
$12,728.24
|
$135.94
|
$12,594.90
|
|
7
|
$12,594.90
|
$629.74
|
$13,224.64
|
$141.25
|
$13,086.10
|
|
8
|
$13,086.10
|
$654.30
|
$13,740.40
|
$146.75
|
$13,596.45
|
|
9
|
$13,596.45
|
$679.82
|
$14,276.28
|
$152.48
|
$14,126.72
|
|
10
|
$14,126.72
|
$706.34
|
$14,833.05
|
$158.42
|
$14,677.66
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,329.43
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$670.18
|
$9,802.94
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.01% |
|
|
2
|
$9,802.94
|
$490.15
|
$10,293.09
|
$100.98
|
$10,194.08
|
|
3
|
$10,194.08
|
$509.70
|
$10,703.78
|
$105.01
|
$10,600.82
|
|
4
|
$10,600.82
|
$530.04
|
$11,130.86
|
$109.20
|
$11,023.80
|
|
5
|
$11,023.80
|
$551.19
|
$11,574.99
|
$113.56
|
$11,463.65
|
|
6
|
$11,463.65
|
$573.18
|
$12,036.83
|
$118.09
|
$11,921.05
|
|
7
|
$11,921.05
|
$596.05
|
$12,517.10
|
$122.80
|
$12,396.70
|
|
8
|
$12,396.70
|
$619.83
|
$13,016.53
|
$127.70
|
$12,891.32
|
|
9
|
$12,891.32
|
$644.57
|
$13,535.89
|
$132.80
|
$13,405.69
|
|
10
|
$13,405.69
|
$670.28
|
$14,075.97
|
$138.10
|
$13,940.57
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,738.42
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$176.84
|
$10,326.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.76% |
|
|
2
|
$10,326.00
|
$516.30
|
$10,842.30
|
$184.68
|
$10,660.56
|
|
3
|
$10,660.56
|
$533.03
|
$11,193.59
|
$190.67
|
$11,005.96
|
|
4
|
$11,005.96
|
$550.30
|
$11,556.26
|
$196.84
|
$11,362.56
|
|
5
|
$11,362.56
|
$568.13
|
$11,930.69
|
$203.22
|
$11,730.70
|
|
6
|
$11,730.70
|
$586.54
|
$12,317.24
|
$209.81
|
$12,110.78
|
|
7
|
$12,110.78
|
$605.54
|
$12,716.32
|
$216.60
|
$12,503.17
|
|
8
|
$12,503.17
|
$625.16
|
$13,128.33
|
$223.62
|
$12,908.27
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.01% |
|
|
9
|
$12,908.27
|
$645.41
|
$13,553.69
|
$132.97
|
$13,423.31
|
|
10
|
$13,423.31
|
$671.17
|
$14,094.48
|
$138.28
|
$13,958.90
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,873.53
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$75.58
|
$10,426.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.76% |
|
|
2
|
$10,426.00
|
$521.30
|
$10,947.30
|
$80.92
|
$10,868.06
|
|
3
|
$10,868.06
|
$543.40
|
$11,411.47
|
$84.35
|
$11,328.87
|
|
4
|
$11,328.87
|
$566.44
|
$11,895.31
|
$87.92
|
$11,809.21
|
|
5
|
$11,809.21
|
$590.46
|
$12,399.67
|
$91.65
|
$12,309.92
|
|
6
|
$12,309.92
|
$615.50
|
$12,925.42
|
$95.54
|
$12,831.86
|
|
7
|
$12,831.86
|
$641.59
|
$13,473.46
|
$99.59
|
$13,375.93
|
|
8
|
$13,375.93
|
$668.80
|
$14,044.73
|
$103.81
|
$13,943.07
|
|
9
|
$13,943.07
|
$697.15
|
$14,640.23
|
$108.21
|
$14,534.26
|
|
10
|
$14,534.26
|
$726.71
|
$15,260.97
|
$112.80
|
$15,150.51
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$940.37
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$68.45
|
$10,433.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.69% |
|
|
2
|
$10,433.00
|
$521.65
|
$10,954.65
|
$73.54
|
$10,882.66
|
|
3
|
$10,882.66
|
$544.13
|
$11,426.80
|
$76.71
|
$11,351.71
|
|
4
|
$11,351.71
|
$567.59
|
$11,919.29
|
$80.01
|
$11,840.96
|
|
5
|
$11,840.96
|
$592.05
|
$12,433.01
|
$83.46
|
$12,351.31
|
|
6
|
$12,351.31
|
$617.57
|
$12,968.87
|
$87.06
|
$12,883.65
|
|
7
|
$12,883.65
|
$644.18
|
$13,527.83
|
$90.81
|
$13,438.94
|
|
8
|
$13,438.94
|
$671.95
|
$14,110.88
|
$94.73
|
$14,018.15
|
|
9
|
$14,018.15
|
$700.91
|
$14,719.06
|
$98.81
|
$14,622.34
|
|
10
|
$14,622.34
|
$731.12
|
$15,353.45
|
$103.07
|
$15,252.56
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$856.65
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$126.33
|
$10,376.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.26% |
|
|
2
|
$10,376.00
|
$518.80
|
$10,894.80
|
$133.18
|
$10,764.06
|
|
3
|
$10,764.06
|
$538.20
|
$11,302.27
|
$138.16
|
$11,166.64
|
|
4
|
$11,166.64
|
$558.33
|
$11,724.97
|
$143.33
|
$11,584.27
|
|
5
|
$11,584.27
|
$579.21
|
$12,163.48
|
$148.69
|
$12,017.52
|
|
6
|
$12,017.52
|
$600.88
|
$12,618.40
|
$154.25
|
$12,466.98
|
|
7
|
$12,466.98
|
$623.35
|
$13,090.33
|
$160.02
|
$12,933.24
|
|
8
|
$12,933.24
|
$646.66
|
$13,579.90
|
$166.01
|
$13,416.95
|
|
9
|
$13,416.95
|
$670.85
|
$14,087.79
|
$172.21
|
$13,918.74
|
|
10
|
$13,918.74
|
$695.94
|
$14,614.68
|
$178.66
|
$14,439.30
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,520.84
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$100.98
|
$10,401.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.01% |
|
|
2
|
$10,401.00
|
$520.05
|
$10,921.05
|
$107.15
|
$10,816.00
|
|
3
|
$10,816.00
|
$540.80
|
$11,356.80
|
$111.42
|
$11,247.56
|
|
4
|
$11,247.56
|
$562.38
|
$11,809.94
|
$115.87
|
$11,696.34
|
|
5
|
$11,696.34
|
$584.82
|
$12,281.15
|
$120.49
|
$12,163.02
|
|
6
|
$12,163.02
|
$608.15
|
$12,771.17
|
$125.30
|
$12,648.32
|
|
7
|
$12,648.32
|
$632.42
|
$13,280.74
|
$130.30
|
$13,152.99
|
|
8
|
$13,152.99
|
$657.65
|
$13,810.64
|
$135.50
|
$13,677.80
|
|
9
|
$13,677.80
|
$683.89
|
$14,361.69
|
$140.90
|
$14,223.54
|
|
10
|
$14,223.54
|
$711.18
|
$14,934.72
|
$146.52
|
$14,791.06
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,234.43
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$694.07
|
$9,779.38
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.62% |
|
|
2
|
$9,779.38
|
$488.97
|
$10,268.35
|
$161.10
|
$10,109.92
|
|
3
|
$10,109.92
|
$505.50
|
$10,615.42
|
$166.55
|
$10,451.64
|
|
4
|
$10,451.64
|
$522.58
|
$10,974.22
|
$172.18
|
$10,804.90
|
|
5
|
$10,804.90
|
$540.25
|
$11,345.15
|
$178.00
|
$11,170.11
|
|
6
|
$11,170.11
|
$558.51
|
$11,728.62
|
$184.01
|
$11,547.66
|
|
7
|
$11,547.66
|
$577.38
|
$12,125.04
|
$190.23
|
$11,937.97
|
|
8
|
$11,937.97
|
$596.90
|
$12,534.87
|
$196.66
|
$12,341.47
|
|
9
|
$12,341.47
|
$617.07
|
$12,958.55
|
$203.31
|
$12,758.62
|
|
10
|
$12,758.62
|
$637.93
|
$13,396.55
|
$210.18
|
$13,189.86
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,356.29
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$201.99
|
$10,301.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 2.37% |
|
|
2
|
$10,301.00
|
$515.05
|
$10,816.05
|
$247.34
|
$10,571.92
|
|
3
|
$10,571.92
|
$528.60
|
$11,100.51
|
$253.85
|
$10,849.96
|
|
4
|
$10,849.96
|
$542.50
|
$11,392.46
|
$260.53
|
$11,135.31
|
|
5
|
$11,135.31
|
$556.77
|
$11,692.08
|
$267.38
|
$11,428.17
|
|
6
|
$11,428.17
|
$571.41
|
$11,999.58
|
$274.41
|
$11,728.73
|
|
7
|
$11,728.73
|
$586.44
|
$12,315.17
|
$281.63
|
$12,037.20
|
|
8
|
$12,037.20
|
$601.86
|
$12,639.06
|
$289.03
|
$12,353.78
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.62% |
|
|
9
|
$12,353.78
|
$617.69
|
$12,971.46
|
$203.51
|
$12,771.33
|
|
10
|
$12,771.33
|
$638.57
|
$13,409.90
|
$210.39
|
$13,203.00
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,490.06
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$100.98
|
$10,401.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.37%
|
|
|
2
|
$10,401.00
|
$520.05
|
$10,921.05
|
$145.08
|
$10,778.56
|
|
3
|
$10,778.56
|
$538.93
|
$11,317.48
|
$150.35
|
$11,169.82
|
|
4
|
$11,169.82
|
$558.49
|
$11,728.31
|
$155.80
|
$11,575.28
|
|
5
|
$11,575.28
|
$578.76
|
$12,154.05
|
$161.46
|
$11,995.47
|
|
6
|
$11,995.47
|
$599.77
|
$12,595.24
|
$167.32
|
$12,430.90
|
|
7
|
$12,430.90
|
$621.55
|
$13,052.45
|
$173.39
|
$12,882.14
|
|
8
|
$12,882.14
|
$644.11
|
$13,526.25
|
$179.69
|
$13,349.76
|
|
9
|
$13,349.76
|
$667.49
|
$14,017.25
|
$186.21
|
$13,834.36
|
|
10
|
$13,834.36
|
$691.72
|
$14,526.08
|
$192.97
|
$14,336.55
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,613.25
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$85.75
|
$10,416.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.20% |
|
|
2
|
$10,416.00
|
$520.80
|
$10,936.80
|
$127.37
|
$10,811.81
|
|
3
|
$10,811.81
|
$540.59
|
$11,352.40
|
$132.21
|
$11,222.66
|
|
4
|
$11,222.66
|
$561.13
|
$11,783.79
|
$137.23
|
$11,649.12
|
|
5
|
$11,649.12
|
$582.46
|
$12,231.57
|
$142.45
|
$12,091.78
|
|
6
|
$12,091.78
|
$604.59
|
$12,696.37
|
$147.86
|
$12,551.27
|
|
7
|
$12,551.27
|
$627.56
|
$13,178.84
|
$153.48
|
$13,028.22
|
|
8
|
$13,028.22
|
$651.41
|
$13,679.63
|
$159.31
|
$13,523.29
|
|
9
|
$13,523.29
|
$676.16
|
$14,199.46
|
$165.36
|
$14,037.18
|
|
10
|
$14,037.18
|
$701.86
|
$14,739.04
|
$171.65
|
$14,570.59
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,422.67
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$151.61
|
$10,351.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.87% |
|
|
2
|
$10,351.00
|
$517.55
|
$10,868.55
|
$196.59
|
$10,674.99
|
|
3
|
$10,674.99
|
$533.75
|
$11,208.74
|
$202.75
|
$11,009.11
|
|
4
|
$11,009.11
|
$550.46
|
$11,559.57
|
$209.09
|
$11,353.70
|
|
5
|
$11,353.70
|
$567.68
|
$11,921.38
|
$215.64
|
$11,709.07
|
|
6
|
$11,709.07
|
$585.45
|
$12,294.52
|
$222.39
|
$12,075.56
|
|
7
|
$12,075.56
|
$603.78
|
$12,679.34
|
$229.35
|
$12,453.53
|
|
8
|
$12,453.53
|
$622.68
|
$13,076.20
|
$236.53
|
$12,843.32
|
|
9
|
$12,843.32
|
$642.17
|
$13,485.49
|
$243.93
|
$13,245.32
|
|
10
|
$13,245.32
|
$662.27
|
$13,907.59
|
$251.56
|
$13,659.90
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,159.44
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$126.33
|
$10,376.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.62% |
|
|
2
|
$10,376.00
|
$518.80
|
$10,894.80
|
$170.93
|
$10,726.71
|
|
3
|
$10,726.71
|
$536.34
|
$11,263.04
|
$176.71
|
$11,089.27
|
|
4
|
$11,089.27
|
$554.46
|
$11,643.74
|
$182.68
|
$11,464.09
|
|
5
|
$11,464.09
|
$573.20
|
$12,037.29
|
$188.86
|
$11,851.58
|
|
6
|
$11,851.58
|
$592.58
|
$12,444.15
|
$195.24
|
$12,252.16
|
|
7
|
$12,252.16
|
$612.61
|
$12,864.77
|
$201.84
|
$12,666.28
|
|
8
|
$12,666.28
|
$633.31
|
$13,299.60
|
$208.66
|
$13,094.40
|
|
9
|
$13,094.40
|
$654.72
|
$13,749.12
|
$215.71
|
$13,536.99
|
|
10
|
$13,536.99
|
$676.85
|
$14,213.84
|
$223.01
|
$13,994.54
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,889.97
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$477.50
|
$10,027.50
|
$539.65
|
$9,939.64
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.15% |
|
|
2
|
$9,939.64
|
$496.98
|
$10,436.62
|
$116.51
|
$10,322.32
|
|
3
|
$10,322.32
|
$516.12
|
$10,838.43
|
$120.99
|
$10,719.73
|
|
4
|
$10,719.73
|
$535.99
|
$11,255.71
|
$125.65
|
$11,132.43
|
|
5
|
$11,132.43
|
$556.62
|
$11,689.06
|
$130.49
|
$11,561.03
|
|
6
|
$11,561.03
|
$578.05
|
$12,139.09
|
$135.51
|
$12,006.13
|
|
7
|
$12,006.13
|
$600.31
|
$12,606.44
|
$140.73
|
$12,468.37
|
|
8
|
$12,468.37
|
$623.42
|
$13,091.79
|
$146.15
|
$12,948.40
|
|
9
|
$12,948.40
|
$647.42
|
$13,595.82
|
$151.77
|
$13,446.92
|
|
10
|
$13,446.92
|
$672.35
|
$14,119.26
|
$157.62
|
$13,964.62
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,765.07
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$169.78
|
$10,333.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.90% |
|
|
2
|
$10,333.00
|
$516.65
|
$10,849.65
|
$199.37
|
$10,653.32
|
|
3
|
$10,653.32
|
$532.67
|
$11,185.99
|
$205.55
|
$10,983.58
|
|
4
|
$10,983.58
|
$549.18
|
$11,532.75
|
$211.92
|
$11,324.07
|
|
5
|
$11,324.07
|
$566.20
|
$11,890.27
|
$218.49
|
$11,675.11
|
|
6
|
$11,675.11
|
$583.76
|
$12,258.87
|
$225.27
|
$12,037.04
|
|
7
|
$12,037.04
|
$601.85
|
$12,638.89
|
$232.25
|
$12,410.19
|
|
8
|
$12,410.19
|
$620.51
|
$13,030.70
|
$239.45
|
$12,794.91
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.15% |
|
|
9
|
$12,794.91
|
$639.75
|
$13,434.65
|
$149.97
|
$13,287.51
|
|
10
|
$13,287.51
|
$664.38
|
$13,951.88
|
$155.75
|
$13,799.08
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,007.80
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$68.45
|
$10,433.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 0.90% |
|
|
2
|
$10,433.00
|
$521.65
|
$10,954.65
|
$95.82
|
$10,860.75
|
|
3
|
$10,860.75
|
$543.04
|
$11,403.79
|
$99.75
|
$11,306.04
|
|
4
|
$11,306.04
|
$565.30
|
$11,871.35
|
$103.84
|
$11,769.59
|
|
5
|
$11,769.59
|
$588.48
|
$12,358.07
|
$108.10
|
$12,252.14
|
|
6
|
$12,252.14
|
$612.61
|
$12,864.75
|
$112.53
|
$12,754.48
|
|
7
|
$12,754.48
|
$637.72
|
$13,392.21
|
$117.14
|
$13,277.42
|
|
8
|
$13,277.42
|
$663.87
|
$13,941.29
|
$121.95
|
$13,821.79
|
|
9
|
$13,821.79
|
$691.09
|
$14,512.88
|
$126.95
|
$14,388.48
|
|
10
|
$14,388.48
|
$719.42
|
$15,107.91
|
$132.15
|
$14,978.41
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,086.68
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$57.24
|
$10,444.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 0.77% |
|
|
2
|
$10,444.00
|
$522.20
|
$10,966.20
|
$82.12
|
$10,885.78
|
|
3
|
$10,885.78
|
$544.29
|
$11,430.07
|
$85.59
|
$11,346.25
|
|
4
|
$11,346.25
|
$567.31
|
$11,913.56
|
$89.21
|
$11,826.20
|
|
5
|
$11,826.20
|
$591.31
|
$12,417.51
|
$92.99
|
$12,326.44
|
|
6
|
$12,326.44
|
$616.32
|
$12,942.77
|
$96.92
|
$12,847.85
|
|
7
|
$12,847.85
|
$642.39
|
$13,490.25
|
$101.02
|
$13,391.32
|
|
8
|
$13,391.32
|
$669.57
|
$14,060.88
|
$105.29
|
$13,957.77
|
|
9
|
$13,957.77
|
$697.89
|
$14,655.66
|
$109.75
|
$14,548.18
|
|
10
|
$14,548.18
|
$727.41
|
$15,275.59
|
$114.39
|
$15,163.57
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$934.52
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$119.24
|
$10,383.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.40% |
|
|
2
|
$10,383.00
|
$519.15
|
$10,902.15
|
$147.98
|
$10,756.79
|
|
3
|
$10,756.79
|
$537.84
|
$11,294.63
|
$153.31
|
$11,144.03
|
|
4
|
$11,144.03
|
$557.20
|
$11,701.23
|
$158.82
|
$11,545.22
|
|
5
|
$11,545.22
|
$577.26
|
$12,122.48
|
$164.54
|
$11,960.85
|
|
6
|
$11,960.85
|
$598.04
|
$12,558.89
|
$170.47
|
$12,391.44
|
|
7
|
$12,391.44
|
$619.57
|
$13,011.01
|
$176.60
|
$12,837.53
|
|
8
|
$12,837.53
|
$641.88
|
$13,479.40
|
$182.96
|
$13,299.68
|
|
9
|
$13,299.68
|
$664.98
|
$13,964.66
|
$189.55
|
$13,778.47
|
|
10
|
$13,778.47
|
$688.92
|
$14,467.39
|
$196.37
|
$14,274.49
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,659.84
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$93.88
|
$10,408.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.15% |
|
|
2
|
$10,408.00
|
$520.40
|
$10,928.40
|
$122.00
|
$10,808.71
|
|
3
|
$10,808.71
|
$540.44
|
$11,349.14
|
$126.69
|
$11,224.84
|
|
4
|
$11,224.84
|
$561.24
|
$11,786.09
|
$131.57
|
$11,657.00
|
|
5
|
$11,657.00
|
$582.85
|
$12,239.85
|
$136.64
|
$12,105.79
|
|
6
|
$12,105.79
|
$605.29
|
$12,711.08
|
$141.90
|
$12,571.87
|
|
7
|
$12,571.87
|
$628.59
|
$13,200.46
|
$147.36
|
$13,055.88
|
|
8
|
$13,055.88
|
$652.79
|
$13,708.68
|
$153.03
|
$13,558.54
|
|
9
|
$13,558.54
|
$677.93
|
$14,236.46
|
$158.92
|
$14,080.54
|
|
10
|
$14,080.54
|
$704.03
|
$14,784.57
|
$165.04
|
$14,622.64
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,377.03
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$680.70
|
$9,792.58
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.29% |
|
|
2
|
$9,792.58
|
$489.63
|
$10,282.20
|
$128.67
|
$10,155.88
|
|
3
|
$10,155.88
|
$507.79
|
$10,663.67
|
$133.44
|
$10,532.66
|
|
4
|
$10,532.66
|
$526.63
|
$11,059.30
|
$138.39
|
$10,923.42
|
|
5
|
$10,923.42
|
$546.17
|
$11,469.60
|
$143.53
|
$11,328.68
|
|
6
|
$11,328.68
|
$566.43
|
$11,895.12
|
$148.85
|
$11,748.98
|
|
7
|
$11,748.98
|
$587.45
|
$12,336.43
|
$154.37
|
$12,184.86
|
|
8
|
$12,184.86
|
$609.24
|
$12,794.11
|
$160.10
|
$12,636.92
|
|
9
|
$12,636.92
|
$631.85
|
$13,268.77
|
$166.04
|
$13,105.75
|
|
10
|
$13,105.75
|
$655.29
|
$13,761.04
|
$172.20
|
$13,591.98
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,026.29
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$187.91
|
$10,315.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 2.05% |
|
|
2
|
$10,315.00
|
$515.75
|
$10,830.75
|
$214.58
|
$10,619.29
|
|
3
|
$10,619.29
|
$530.96
|
$11,150.26
|
$220.91
|
$10,932.56
|
|
4
|
$10,932.56
|
$546.63
|
$11,479.19
|
$227.42
|
$11,255.07
|
|
5
|
$11,255.07
|
$562.75
|
$11,817.83
|
$234.13
|
$11,587.10
|
|
6
|
$11,587.10
|
$579.35
|
$12,166.45
|
$241.04
|
$11,928.92
|
|
7
|
$11,928.92
|
$596.45
|
$12,525.36
|
$248.15
|
$12,280.82
|
|
8
|
$12,280.82
|
$614.04
|
$12,894.86
|
$255.47
|
$12,643.10
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.29% |
|
|
9
|
$12,643.10
|
$632.16
|
$13,275.26
|
$166.12
|
$13,112.16
|
|
10
|
$13,112.16
|
$655.61
|
$13,767.77
|
$172.28
|
$13,598.62
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,168.01
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$86.76
|
$10,415.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.05% |
|
|
2
|
$10,415.00
|
$520.75
|
$10,935.75
|
$111.52
|
$10,826.39
|
|
3
|
$10,826.39
|
$541.32
|
$11,367.71
|
$115.92
|
$11,254.04
|
|
4
|
$11,254.04
|
$562.70
|
$11,816.74
|
$120.50
|
$11,698.57
|
|
5
|
$11,698.57
|
$584.93
|
$12,283.50
|
$125.26
|
$12,160.66
|
|
6
|
$12,160.66
|
$608.03
|
$12,768.70
|
$130.21
|
$12,641.01
|
|
7
|
$12,641.01
|
$632.05
|
$13,273.06
|
$135.35
|
$13,140.33
|
|
8
|
$13,140.33
|
$657.02
|
$13,797.35
|
$140.70
|
$13,659.37
|
|
9
|
$13,659.37
|
$682.97
|
$14,342.34
|
$146.26
|
$14,198.92
|
|
10
|
$14,198.92
|
$709.95
|
$14,908.86
|
$152.03
|
$14,759.77
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,264.51
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$76.59
|
$10,425.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.96% |
|
|
2
|
$10,425.00
|
$521.25
|
$10,946.25
|
$102.10
|
$10,846.17
|
|
3
|
$10,846.17
|
$542.31
|
$11,388.48
|
$106.23
|
$11,284.36
|
|
4
|
$11,284.36
|
$564.22
|
$11,848.57
|
$110.52
|
$11,740.24
|
|
5
|
$11,740.24
|
$587.01
|
$12,327.26
|
$114.98
|
$12,214.55
|
|
6
|
$12,214.55
|
$610.73
|
$12,825.28
|
$119.63
|
$12,708.02
|
|
7
|
$12,708.02
|
$635.40
|
$13,343.42
|
$124.46
|
$13,221.42
|
|
8
|
$13,221.42
|
$661.07
|
$13,882.49
|
$129.49
|
$13,755.57
|
|
9
|
$13,755.57
|
$687.78
|
$14,443.34
|
$134.72
|
$14,311.29
|
|
10
|
$14,311.29
|
$715.56
|
$15,026.86
|
$140.16
|
$14,889.47
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,158.88
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$137.46
|
$10,365.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.55% |
|
|
2
|
$10,365.00
|
$518.25
|
$10,883.25
|
$163.43
|
$10,722.59
|
|
3
|
$10,722.59
|
$536.13
|
$11,258.72
|
$169.07
|
$11,092.52
|
|
4
|
$11,092.52
|
$554.63
|
$11,647.15
|
$174.90
|
$11,475.21
|
|
5
|
$11,475.21
|
$573.76
|
$12,048.97
|
$180.93
|
$11,871.11
|
|
6
|
$11,871.11
|
$593.56
|
$12,464.66
|
$187.18
|
$12,280.66
|
|
7
|
$12,280.66
|
$614.03
|
$12,894.70
|
$193.63
|
$12,704.34
|
|
8
|
$12,704.34
|
$635.22
|
$13,339.56
|
$200.31
|
$13,142.64
|
|
9
|
$13,142.64
|
$657.13
|
$13,799.78
|
$207.23
|
$13,596.07
|
|
10
|
$13,596.07
|
$679.80
|
$14,275.87
|
$214.37
|
$14,065.13
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,828.51
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$112.15
|
$10,390.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.30% |
|
|
2
|
$10,390.00
|
$519.50
|
$10,909.50
|
$137.57
|
$10,774.43
|
|
3
|
$10,774.43
|
$538.72
|
$11,313.15
|
$142.66
|
$11,173.08
|
|
4
|
$11,173.08
|
$558.65
|
$11,731.74
|
$147.94
|
$11,586.49
|
|
5
|
$11,586.49
|
$579.32
|
$12,165.81
|
$153.41
|
$12,015.19
|
|
6
|
$12,015.19
|
$600.76
|
$12,615.95
|
$159.09
|
$12,459.75
|
|
7
|
$12,459.75
|
$622.99
|
$13,082.74
|
$164.97
|
$12,920.76
|
|
8
|
$12,920.76
|
$646.04
|
$13,566.80
|
$171.08
|
$13,398.83
|
|
9
|
$13,398.83
|
$669.94
|
$14,068.77
|
$177.41
|
$13,894.59
|
|
10
|
$13,894.59
|
$694.73
|
$14,589.31
|
$183.97
|
$14,408.69
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,550.25
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$477.50
|
$10,027.50
|
$534.80
|
$9,944.42
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.00% |
|
|
2
|
$9,944.42
|
$497.22
|
$10,441.64
|
$101.43
|
$10,342.19
|
|
3
|
$10,342.19
|
$517.11
|
$10,859.30
|
$105.49
|
$10,755.88
|
|
4
|
$10,755.88
|
$537.79
|
$11,293.67
|
$109.71
|
$11,186.11
|
|
5
|
$11,186.11
|
$559.31
|
$11,745.42
|
$114.10
|
$11,633.56
|
|
6
|
$11,633.56
|
$581.68
|
$12,215.24
|
$118.66
|
$12,098.90
|
|
7
|
$12,098.90
|
$604.95
|
$12,703.85
|
$123.41
|
$12,582.86
|
|
8
|
$12,582.86
|
$629.14
|
$13,212.00
|
$128.35
|
$13,086.17
|
|
9
|
$13,086.17
|
$654.31
|
$13,740.48
|
$133.48
|
$13,609.62
|
|
10
|
$13,609.62
|
$680.48
|
$14,290.10
|
$138.82
|
$14,154.00
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,608.25
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$164.74
|
$10,338.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.75% |
|
|
2
|
$10,338.00
|
$516.90
|
$10,854.90
|
$183.85
|
$10,673.99
|
|
3
|
$10,673.99
|
$533.70
|
$11,207.68
|
$189.83
|
$11,020.89
|
|
4
|
$11,020.89
|
$551.04
|
$11,571.93
|
$196.00
|
$11,379.07
|
|
5
|
$11,379.07
|
$568.95
|
$11,948.02
|
$202.37
|
$11,748.89
|
|
6
|
$11,748.89
|
$587.44
|
$12,336.33
|
$208.95
|
$12,130.73
|
|
7
|
$12,130.73
|
$606.54
|
$12,737.26
|
$215.74
|
$12,524.98
|
|
8
|
$12,524.98
|
$626.25
|
$13,151.22
|
$222.75
|
$12,932.04
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.00% |
|
|
9
|
$12,932.04
|
$646.60
|
$13,578.64
|
$131.91
|
$13,449.32
|
|
10
|
$13,449.32
|
$672.47
|
$14,121.78
|
$137.18
|
$13,987.29
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,853.32
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$63.36
|
$10,438.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.75% |
|
|
2
|
$10,438.00
|
$521.90
|
$10,959.90
|
$79.95
|
$10,881.62
|
|
3
|
$10,881.62
|
$544.08
|
$11,425.70
|
$83.35
|
$11,344.08
|
|
4
|
$11,344.08
|
$567.20
|
$11,911.29
|
$86.89
|
$11,826.21
|
|
5
|
$11,826.21
|
$591.31
|
$12,417.52
|
$90.58
|
$12,328.82
|
|
6
|
$12,328.82
|
$616.44
|
$12,945.26
|
$94.43
|
$12,852.80
|
|
7
|
$12,852.80
|
$642.64
|
$13,495.44
|
$98.44
|
$13,399.04
|
|
8
|
$13,399.04
|
$669.95
|
$14,068.99
|
$102.63
|
$13,968.50
|
|
9
|
$13,968.50
|
$698.42
|
$14,666.92
|
$106.99
|
$14,562.16
|
|
10
|
$14,562.16
|
$728.11
|
$15,290.27
|
$111.54
|
$15,181.05
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$918.16
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$55.20
|
$10,446.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.66% |
|
|
2
|
$10,446.00
|
$522.30
|
$10,968.30
|
$70.44
|
$10,899.36
|
|
3
|
$10,899.36
|
$544.97
|
$11,444.32
|
$73.50
|
$11,372.39
|
|
4
|
$11,372.39
|
$568.62
|
$11,941.01
|
$76.69
|
$11,865.95
|
|
5
|
$11,865.95
|
$593.30
|
$12,459.25
|
$80.01
|
$12,380.93
|
|
6
|
$12,380.93
|
$619.05
|
$12,999.98
|
$83.49
|
$12,918.26
|
|
7
|
$12,918.26
|
$645.91
|
$13,564.18
|
$87.11
|
$13,478.92
|
|
8
|
$13,478.92
|
$673.95
|
$14,152.86
|
$90.89
|
$14,063.90
|
|
9
|
$14,063.90
|
$703.20
|
$14,767.10
|
$94.84
|
$14,674.28
|
|
10
|
$14,674.28
|
$733.71
|
$15,407.99
|
$98.95
|
$15,311.14
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$811.12
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$114.17
|
$10,388.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.25% |
|
|
2
|
$10,388.00
|
$519.40
|
$10,907.40
|
$132.28
|
$10,777.55
|
|
3
|
$10,777.55
|
$538.88
|
$11,316.43
|
$137.25
|
$11,181.71
|
|
4
|
$11,181.71
|
$559.09
|
$11,740.79
|
$142.39
|
$11,601.02
|
|
5
|
$11,601.02
|
$580.05
|
$12,181.07
|
$147.73
|
$12,036.06
|
|
6
|
$12,036.06
|
$601.80
|
$12,637.86
|
$153.27
|
$12,487.41
|
|
7
|
$12,487.41
|
$624.37
|
$13,111.78
|
$159.02
|
$12,955.69
|
|
8
|
$12,955.69
|
$647.78
|
$13,603.48
|
$164.98
|
$13,441.53
|
|
9
|
$13,441.53
|
$672.08
|
$14,113.61
|
$171.17
|
$13,945.59
|
|
10
|
$13,945.59
|
$697.28
|
$14,642.87
|
$177.59
|
$14,468.55
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,499.85
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$88.80
|
$10,413.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.00% |
|
|
2
|
$10,413.00
|
$520.65
|
$10,933.65
|
$106.21
|
$10,829.52
|
|
3
|
$10,829.52
|
$541.48
|
$11,371.00
|
$110.46
|
$11,262.70
|
|
4
|
$11,262.70
|
$563.14
|
$11,825.84
|
$114.88
|
$11,713.21
|
|
5
|
$11,713.21
|
$585.66
|
$12,298.87
|
$119.47
|
$12,181.74
|
|
6
|
$12,181.74
|
$609.09
|
$12,790.82
|
$124.25
|
$12,669.01
|
|
7
|
$12,669.01
|
$633.45
|
$13,302.46
|
$129.22
|
$13,175.77
|
|
8
|
$13,175.77
|
$658.79
|
$13,834.56
|
$134.39
|
$13,702.80
|
|
9
|
$13,702.80
|
$685.14
|
$14,387.94
|
$139.77
|
$14,250.91
|
|
10
|
$14,250.91
|
$712.55
|
$14,963.45
|
$145.36
|
$14,820.95
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,212.81
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$660.61
|
$9,812.37
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.98% |
|
|
2
|
$9,812.37
|
$490.62
|
$10,302.99
|
$98.09
|
$10,206.82
|
|
3
|
$10,206.82
|
$510.34
|
$10,717.17
|
$102.04
|
$10,617.14
|
|
4
|
$10,617.14
|
$530.86
|
$11,148.00
|
$106.14
|
$11,043.95
|
|
5
|
$11,043.95
|
$552.20
|
$11,596.15
|
$110.41
|
$11,487.91
|
|
6
|
$11,487.91
|
$574.40
|
$12,062.31
|
$114.84
|
$11,949.73
|
|
7
|
$11,949.73
|
$597.49
|
$12,547.22
|
$119.46
|
$12,430.11
|
|
8
|
$12,430.11
|
$621.51
|
$13,051.61
|
$124.26
|
$12,929.80
|
|
9
|
$12,929.80
|
$646.49
|
$13,576.29
|
$129.26
|
$13,449.58
|
|
10
|
$13,449.58
|
$672.48
|
$14,122.06
|
$134.46
|
$13,990.25
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,699.57
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$166.76
|
$10,336.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.73% |
|
|
2
|
$10,336.00
|
$516.80
|
$10,852.80
|
$181.74
|
$10,673.99
|
|
3
|
$10,673.99
|
$533.70
|
$11,207.69
|
$187.68
|
$11,023.03
|
|
4
|
$11,023.03
|
$551.15
|
$11,574.18
|
$193.82
|
$11,383.48
|
|
5
|
$11,383.48
|
$569.17
|
$11,952.65
|
$200.15
|
$11,755.72
|
|
6
|
$11,755.72
|
$587.79
|
$12,343.51
|
$206.70
|
$12,140.13
|
|
7
|
$12,140.13
|
$607.01
|
$12,747.14
|
$213.46
|
$12,537.11
|
|
8
|
$12,537.11
|
$626.86
|
$13,163.97
|
$220.44
|
$12,947.08
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 0.98% |
|
|
9
|
$12,947.08
|
$647.35
|
$13,594.43
|
$129.43
|
$13,467.55
|
|
10
|
$13,467.55
|
$673.38
|
$14,140.93
|
$134.63
|
$14,008.95
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,834.81
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$65.40
|
$10,436.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.73% |
|
|
2
|
$10,436.00
|
$521.80
|
$10,957.80
|
$77.81
|
$10,881.62
|
|
3
|
$10,881.62
|
$544.08
|
$11,425.70
|
$81.13
|
$11,346.26
|
|
4
|
$11,346.26
|
$567.31
|
$11,913.58
|
$84.60
|
$11,830.75
|
|
5
|
$11,830.75
|
$591.54
|
$12,422.29
|
$88.21
|
$12,335.92
|
|
6
|
$12,335.92
|
$616.80
|
$12,952.72
|
$91.97
|
$12,862.66
|
|
7
|
$12,862.66
|
$643.13
|
$13,505.80
|
$95.90
|
$13,411.90
|
|
8
|
$13,411.90
|
$670.60
|
$14,082.50
|
$100.00
|
$13,984.59
|
|
9
|
$13,984.59
|
$699.23
|
$14,683.82
|
$104.27
|
$14,581.73
|
|
10
|
$14,581.73
|
$729.09
|
$15,310.82
|
$108.72
|
$15,204.37
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$898.01
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$56.22
|
$10,445.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.65% |
|
|
2
|
$10,445.00
|
$522.25
|
$10,967.25
|
$69.37
|
$10,899.36
|
|
3
|
$10,899.36
|
$544.97
|
$11,444.33
|
$72.39
|
$11,373.48
|
|
4
|
$11,373.48
|
$568.67
|
$11,942.15
|
$75.54
|
$11,868.23
|
|
5
|
$11,868.23
|
$593.41
|
$12,461.64
|
$78.82
|
$12,384.49
|
|
6
|
$12,384.49
|
$619.22
|
$13,003.72
|
$82.25
|
$12,923.22
|
|
7
|
$12,923.22
|
$646.16
|
$13,569.38
|
$85.83
|
$13,485.38
|
|
8
|
$13,485.38
|
$674.27
|
$14,159.65
|
$89.56
|
$14,071.99
|
|
9
|
$14,071.99
|
$703.60
|
$14,775.59
|
$93.46
|
$14,684.12
|
|
10
|
$14,684.12
|
$734.21
|
$15,418.33
|
$97.52
|
$15,322.88
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$800.96
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$116.20
|
$10,386.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.23% |
|
|
2
|
$10,386.00
|
$519.30
|
$10,905.30
|
$130.16
|
$10,777.55
|
|
3
|
$10,777.55
|
$538.88
|
$11,316.43
|
$135.06
|
$11,183.87
|
|
4
|
$11,183.87
|
$559.19
|
$11,743.06
|
$140.15
|
$11,605.50
|
|
5
|
$11,605.50
|
$580.27
|
$12,185.77
|
$145.44
|
$12,043.02
|
|
6
|
$12,043.02
|
$602.15
|
$12,645.18
|
$150.92
|
$12,497.05
|
|
7
|
$12,497.05
|
$624.85
|
$13,121.90
|
$156.61
|
$12,968.19
|
|
8
|
$12,968.19
|
$648.41
|
$13,616.59
|
$162.52
|
$13,457.09
|
|
9
|
$13,457.09
|
$672.85
|
$14,129.94
|
$168.64
|
$13,964.42
|
|
10
|
$13,964.42
|
$698.22
|
$14,662.64
|
$175.00
|
$14,490.88
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,480.70
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$90.83
|
$10,411.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.98% |
|
|
2
|
$10,411.00
|
$520.55
|
$10,931.55
|
$104.08
|
$10,829.52
|
|
3
|
$10,829.52
|
$541.48
|
$11,371.00
|
$108.26
|
$11,264.87
|
|
4
|
$11,264.87
|
$563.24
|
$11,828.11
|
$112.61
|
$11,717.72
|
|
5
|
$11,717.72
|
$585.89
|
$12,303.60
|
$117.14
|
$12,188.77
|
|
6
|
$12,188.77
|
$609.44
|
$12,798.21
|
$121.85
|
$12,678.76
|
|
7
|
$12,678.76
|
$633.94
|
$13,312.70
|
$126.75
|
$13,188.44
|
|
8
|
$13,188.44
|
$659.42
|
$13,847.87
|
$131.84
|
$13,718.62
|
|
9
|
$13,718.62
|
$685.93
|
$14,404.55
|
$137.14
|
$14,270.11
|
|
10
|
$14,270.11
|
$713.51
|
$14,983.61
|
$142.66
|
$14,843.77
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,193.16
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$674.96
|
$9,798.23
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.24% |
|
|
2
|
$9,798.23
|
$489.91
|
$10,288.14
|
$123.78
|
$10,166.64
|
|
3
|
$10,166.64
|
$508.33
|
$10,674.98
|
$128.44
|
$10,548.91
|
|
4
|
$10,548.91
|
$527.45
|
$11,076.35
|
$133.27
|
$10,945.55
|
|
5
|
$10,945.55
|
$547.28
|
$11,492.83
|
$138.28
|
$11,357.10
|
|
6
|
$11,357.10
|
$567.86
|
$11,924.96
|
$143.48
|
$11,784.13
|
|
7
|
$11,784.13
|
$589.21
|
$12,373.33
|
$148.87
|
$12,227.21
|
|
8
|
$12,227.21
|
$611.36
|
$12,838.57
|
$154.47
|
$12,686.95
|
|
9
|
$12,686.95
|
$634.35
|
$13,321.30
|
$160.28
|
$13,163.98
|
|
10
|
$13,163.98
|
$658.20
|
$13,822.18
|
$166.30
|
$13,658.95
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,972.13
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$181.87
|
$10,321.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.99% |
|
|
2
|
$10,321.00
|
$516.05
|
$10,837.05
|
$208.48
|
$10,631.66
|
|
3
|
$10,631.66
|
$531.58
|
$11,163.25
|
$214.75
|
$10,951.68
|
|
4
|
$10,951.68
|
$547.58
|
$11,499.26
|
$221.22
|
$11,281.32
|
|
5
|
$11,281.32
|
$564.07
|
$11,845.39
|
$227.88
|
$11,620.89
|
|
6
|
$11,620.89
|
$581.04
|
$12,201.93
|
$234.74
|
$11,970.68
|
|
7
|
$11,970.68
|
$598.53
|
$12,569.21
|
$241.80
|
$12,330.99
|
|
8
|
$12,330.99
|
$616.55
|
$12,947.54
|
$249.08
|
$12,702.16
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual Expense Ratio: 1.24% |
|
|
9
|
$12,702.16
|
$635.11
|
$13,337.27
|
$160.47
|
$13,179.76
|
|
10
|
$13,179.76
|
$658.99
|
$13,838.75
|
$166.50
|
$13,675.32
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,106.79
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$80.66
|
$10,421.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio:0.99% |
|
|
2
|
$10,421.00
|
$521.05
|
$10,942.05
|
$105.24
|
$10,838.88
|
|
3
|
$10,838.88
|
$541.94
|
$11,380.83
|
$109.46
|
$11,273.52
|
|
4
|
$11,273.52
|
$563.68
|
$11,837.20
|
$113.85
|
$11,725.59
|
|
5
|
$11,725.59
|
$586.28
|
$12,311.87
|
$118.41
|
$12,195.79
|
|
6
|
$12,195.79
|
$609.79
|
$12,805.57
|
$123.16
|
$12,684.84
|
|
7
|
$12,684.84
|
$634.24
|
$13,319.08
|
$128.10
|
$13,193.50
|
|
8
|
$13,193.50
|
$659.67
|
$13,853.17
|
$133.23
|
$13,722.56
|
|
9
|
$13,722.56
|
$686.13
|
$14,408.69
|
$138.58
|
$14,272.83
|
|
10
|
$14,272.83
|
$713.64
|
$14,986.47
|
$144.13
|
$14,845.17
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,194.82
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$69.47
|
$10,432.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio:0.88% |
|
|
2
|
$10,432.00
|
$521.60
|
$10,953.60
|
$93.69
|
$10,861.80
|
|
3
|
$10,861.80
|
$543.09
|
$11,404.89
|
$97.55
|
$11,309.30
|
|
4
|
$11,309.30
|
$565.47
|
$11,874.77
|
$101.57
|
$11,775.25
|
|
5
|
$11,775.25
|
$588.76
|
$12,364.01
|
$105.76
|
$12,260.39
|
|
6
|
$12,260.39
|
$613.02
|
$12,873.41
|
$110.11
|
$12,765.52
|
|
7
|
$12,765.52
|
$638.28
|
$13,403.79
|
$114.65
|
$13,291.46
|
|
8
|
$13,291.46
|
$664.57
|
$13,956.03
|
$119.37
|
$13,839.06
|
|
9
|
$13,839.06
|
$691.95
|
$14,531.02
|
$124.29
|
$14,409.23
|
|
10
|
$14,409.23
|
$720.46
|
$15,129.69
|
$129.41
|
$15,002.89
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,065.87
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$131.39
|
$10,371.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.49% |
|
|
2
|
$10,371.00
|
$518.55
|
$10,889.55
|
$157.24
|
$10,735.02
|
|
3
|
$10,735.02
|
$536.75
|
$11,271.77
|
$162.76
|
$11,111.82
|
|
4
|
$11,111.82
|
$555.59
|
$11,667.41
|
$168.47
|
$11,501.85
|
|
5
|
$11,501.85
|
$575.09
|
$12,076.94
|
$174.39
|
$11,905.56
|
|
6
|
$11,905.56
|
$595.28
|
$12,500.84
|
$180.51
|
$12,323.45
|
|
7
|
$12,323.45
|
$616.17
|
$12,939.62
|
$186.84
|
$12,756.00
|
|
8
|
$12,756.00
|
$637.80
|
$13,393.80
|
$193.40
|
$13,203.73
|
|
9
|
$13,203.73
|
$660.19
|
$13,863.92
|
$200.19
|
$13,667.19
|
|
10
|
$13,667.19
|
$683.36
|
$14,350.55
|
$207.21
|
$14,146.90
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,762.40
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$106.06
|
$10,396.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.24% |
|
|
2
|
$10,396.00
|
$519.80
|
$10,915.80
|
$131.33
|
$10,786.89
|
|
3
|
$10,786.89
|
$539.34
|
$11,326.23
|
$136.27
|
$11,192.48
|
|
4
|
$11,192.48
|
$559.62
|
$11,752.10
|
$141.40
|
$11,613.31
|
|
5
|
$11,613.31
|
$580.67
|
$12,193.98
|
$146.71
|
$12,049.97
|
|
6
|
$12,049.97
|
$602.50
|
$12,652.47
|
$152.23
|
$12,503.05
|
|
7
|
$12,503.05
|
$625.15
|
$13,128.21
|
$157.95
|
$12,973.17
|
|
8
|
$12,973.17
|
$648.66
|
$13,621.83
|
$163.89
|
$13,460.96
|
|
9
|
$13,460.96
|
$673.05
|
$14,134.01
|
$170.05
|
$13,967.09
|
|
10
|
$13,967.09
|
$698.35
|
$14,665.45
|
$176.45
|
$14,492.25
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,482.34
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$686.43
|
$9,786.92
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.17% |
|
|
2
|
$9,786.92
|
$489.35
|
$10,276.27
|
$116.70
|
$10,161.76
|
|
3
|
$10,161.76
|
$508.09
|
$10,669.85
|
$121.17
|
$10,550.95
|
|
4
|
$10,550.95
|
$527.55
|
$11,078.50
|
$125.81
|
$10,955.06
|
|
5
|
$10,955.06
|
$547.75
|
$11,502.81
|
$130.63
|
$11,374.63
|
|
6
|
$11,374.63
|
$568.73
|
$11,943.37
|
$135.63
|
$11,810.28
|
|
7
|
$11,810.28
|
$590.51
|
$12,400.80
|
$140.83
|
$12,262.62
|
|
8
|
$12,262.62
|
$613.13
|
$12,875.75
|
$146.22
|
$12,732.28
|
|
9
|
$12,732.28
|
$636.61
|
$13,368.89
|
$151.82
|
$13,219.92
|
|
10
|
$13,219.92
|
$661.00
|
$13,880.92
|
$157.64
|
$13,726.24
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,912.88
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$193.95
|
$10,309.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.92% |
|
|
2
|
$10,309.00
|
$515.45
|
$10,824.45
|
$200.98
|
$10,626.52
|
|
3
|
$10,626.52
|
$531.33
|
$11,157.84
|
$207.17
|
$10,953.81
|
|
4
|
$10,953.81
|
$547.69
|
$11,501.50
|
$213.55
|
$11,291.19
|
|
5
|
$11,291.19
|
$564.56
|
$11,855.75
|
$220.13
|
$11,638.96
|
|
6
|
$11,638.96
|
$581.95
|
$12,220.91
|
$226.91
|
$11,997.44
|
|
7
|
$11,997.44
|
$599.87
|
$12,597.31
|
$233.90
|
$12,366.96
|
|
8
|
$12,366.96
|
$618.35
|
$12,985.31
|
$241.10
|
$12,747.86
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.17% |
|
|
9
|
$12,747.86
|
$637.39
|
$13,385.26
|
$152.01
|
$13,236.11
|
|
10
|
$13,236.11
|
$661.81
|
$13,897.91
|
$157.83
|
$13,743.05
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,047.53
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$92.86
|
$10,409.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.92% |
|
|
2
|
$10,409.00
|
$520.45
|
$10,929.45
|
$97.72
|
$10,833.69
|
|
3
|
$10,833.69
|
$541.68
|
$11,375.37
|
$101.70
|
$11,275.70
|
|
4
|
$11,275.70
|
$563.79
|
$11,839.49
|
$105.85
|
$11,735.75
|
|
5
|
$11,735.75
|
$586.79
|
$12,322.54
|
$110.17
|
$12,214.57
|
|
6
|
$12,214.57
|
$610.73
|
$12,825.30
|
$114.67
|
$12,712.92
|
|
7
|
$12,712.92
|
$635.65
|
$13,348.57
|
$119.34
|
$13,231.61
|
|
8
|
$13,231.61
|
$661.58
|
$13,893.19
|
$124.21
|
$13,771.46
|
|
9
|
$13,771.46
|
$688.57
|
$14,460.03
|
$129.28
|
$14,333.34
|
|
10
|
$14,333.34
|
$716.67
|
$15,050.00
|
$134.56
|
$14,918.14
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,130.36
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$85.75
|
$10,416.00
|
|
2
|
$10,416.00
|
$520.80
|
$10,936.80
|
$89.31
|
$10,849.31
|
|
3
|
$10,849.31
|
$542.47
|
$11,391.77
|
$93.03
|
$11,300.64
|
|
4
|
$11,300.64
|
$565.03
|
$11,865.67
|
$96.90
|
$11,770.74
|
|
5
|
$11,770.74
|
$588.54
|
$12,359.28
|
$100.93
|
$12,260.41
|
|
6
|
$12,260.41
|
$613.02
|
$12,873.43
|
$105.13
|
$12,770.44
|
|
7
|
$12,770.44
|
$638.52
|
$13,408.96
|
$109.50
|
$13,301.69
|
|
8
|
$13,301.69
|
$665.08
|
$13,966.77
|
$114.06
|
$13,855.04
|
|
9
|
$13,855.04
|
$692.75
|
$14,547.79
|
$118.80
|
$14,431.41
|
|
10
|
$14,431.41
|
$721.57
|
$15,152.98
|
$123.75
|
$15,031.76
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,037.16
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$143.53
|
$10,359.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.42% |
|
|
2
|
$10,359.00
|
$517.95
|
$10,876.95
|
$149.73
|
$10,729.85
|
|
3
|
$10,729.85
|
$536.49
|
$11,266.34
|
$155.09
|
$11,113.98
|
|
4
|
$11,113.98
|
$555.70
|
$11,669.68
|
$160.64
|
$11,511.86
|
|
5
|
$11,511.86
|
$575.59
|
$12,087.45
|
$166.39
|
$11,923.99
|
|
6
|
$11,923.99
|
$596.20
|
$12,520.19
|
$172.35
|
$12,350.86
|
|
7
|
$12,350.86
|
$617.54
|
$12,968.41
|
$178.52
|
$12,793.03
|
|
8
|
$12,793.03
|
$639.65
|
$13,432.68
|
$184.91
|
$13,251.02
|
|
9
|
$13,251.02
|
$662.55
|
$13,913.57
|
$191.53
|
$13,725.40
|
|
10
|
$13,725.40
|
$686.27
|
$14,411.67
|
$198.39
|
$14,216.77
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,701.08
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$118.23
|
$10,384.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.17% |
|
|
2
|
$10,384.00
|
$519.20
|
$10,903.20
|
$123.82
|
$10,781.71
|
|
3
|
$10,781.71
|
$539.09
|
$11,320.79
|
$128.56
|
$11,194.65
|
|
4
|
$11,194.65
|
$559.73
|
$11,754.38
|
$133.49
|
$11,623.40
|
|
5
|
$11,623.40
|
$581.17
|
$12,204.57
|
$138.60
|
$12,068.58
|
|
6
|
$12,068.58
|
$603.43
|
$12,672.01
|
$143.91
|
$12,530.80
|
|
7
|
$12,530.80
|
$626.54
|
$13,157.34
|
$149.42
|
$13,010.73
|
|
8
|
$13,010.73
|
$650.54
|
$13,661.27
|
$155.14
|
$13,509.05
|
|
9
|
$13,509.05
|
$675.45
|
$14,184.50
|
$161.08
|
$14,026.44
|
|
10
|
$14,026.44
|
$701.32
|
$14,727.76
|
$167.25
|
$14,563.65
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,419.50
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$471.25
|
$9,896.25
|
$680.70
|
$9,792.58
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.30% |
|
|
2
|
$9,792.58
|
$489.63
|
$10,282.20
|
$129.66
|
$10,154.90
|
|
3
|
$10,154.90
|
$507.75
|
$10,662.65
|
$134.46
|
$10,530.63
|
|
4
|
$10,530.63
|
$526.53
|
$11,057.16
|
$139.43
|
$10,920.26
|
|
5
|
$10,920.26
|
$546.01
|
$11,466.28
|
$144.59
|
$11,324.31
|
|
6
|
$11,324.31
|
$566.22
|
$11,890.53
|
$149.94
|
$11,743.31
|
|
7
|
$11,743.31
|
$587.17
|
$12,330.48
|
$155.49
|
$12,177.82
|
|
8
|
$12,177.82
|
$608.89
|
$12,786.71
|
$161.24
|
$12,628.40
|
|
9
|
$12,628.40
|
$631.42
|
$13,259.82
|
$167.21
|
$13,095.65
|
|
10
|
$13,095.65
|
$654.78
|
$13,750.43
|
$173.39
|
$13,580.19
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,036.11
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$187.91
|
$10,315.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 2.05% |
|
|
2
|
$10,315.00
|
$515.75
|
$10,830.75
|
$214.58
|
$10,619.29
|
|
3
|
$10,619.29
|
$530.96
|
$11,150.26
|
$220.91
|
$10,932.56
|
|
4
|
$10,932.56
|
$546.63
|
$11,479.19
|
$227.42
|
$11,255.07
|
|
5
|
$11,255.07
|
$562.75
|
$11,817.83
|
$234.13
|
$11,587.10
|
|
6
|
$11,587.10
|
$579.35
|
$12,166.45
|
$241.04
|
$11,928.92
|
|
7
|
$11,928.92
|
$596.45
|
$12,525.36
|
$248.15
|
$12,280.82
|
|
8
|
$12,280.82
|
$614.04
|
$12,894.86
|
$255.47
|
$12,643.10
|
|
Converts
from Class C to Class A |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense Ratio: 1.30% |
|
|
9
|
$12,643.10
|
$632.16
|
$13,275.26
|
$167.40
|
$13,110.90
|
|
10
|
$13,110.90
|
$655.54
|
$13,766.44
|
$173.59
|
$13,596.00
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$2,170.60
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$86.76
|
$10,415.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.05% |
|
|
2
|
$10,415.00
|
$520.75
|
$10,935.75
|
$111.52
|
$10,826.39
|
|
3
|
$10,826.39
|
$541.32
|
$11,367.71
|
$115.92
|
$11,254.04
|
|
4
|
$11,254.04
|
$562.70
|
$11,816.74
|
$120.50
|
$11,698.57
|
|
5
|
$11,698.57
|
$584.93
|
$12,283.50
|
$125.26
|
$12,160.66
|
|
6
|
$12,160.66
|
$608.03
|
$12,768.70
|
$130.21
|
$12,641.01
|
|
7
|
$12,641.01
|
$632.05
|
$13,273.06
|
$135.35
|
$13,140.33
|
|
8
|
$13,140.33
|
$657.02
|
$13,797.35
|
$140.70
|
$13,659.37
|
|
9
|
$13,659.37
|
$682.97
|
$14,342.34
|
$146.26
|
$14,198.92
|
|
10
|
$14,198.92
|
$709.95
|
$14,908.86
|
$152.03
|
$14,759.77
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,264.51
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$77.61
|
$10,424.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 0.93% |
|
|
2
|
$10,424.00
|
$521.20
|
$10,945.20
|
$98.92
|
$10,848.26
|
|
3
|
$10,848.26
|
$542.41
|
$11,390.67
|
$102.94
|
$11,289.78
|
|
4
|
$11,289.78
|
$564.49
|
$11,854.27
|
$107.13
|
$11,749.27
|
|
5
|
$11,749.27
|
$587.46
|
$12,336.74
|
$111.49
|
$12,227.47
|
|
6
|
$12,227.47
|
$611.37
|
$12,838.84
|
$116.03
|
$12,725.13
|
|
7
|
$12,725.13
|
$636.26
|
$13,361.38
|
$120.75
|
$13,243.04
|
|
8
|
$13,243.04
|
$662.15
|
$13,905.19
|
$125.67
|
$13,782.03
|
|
9
|
$13,782.03
|
$689.10
|
$14,471.13
|
$130.78
|
$14,342.96
|
|
10
|
$14,342.96
|
$717.15
|
$15,060.11
|
$136.10
|
$14,926.72
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,127.42
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$137.46
|
$10,365.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.55% |
|
|
2
|
$10,365.00
|
$518.25
|
$10,883.25
|
$163.43
|
$10,722.59
|
|
3
|
$10,722.59
|
$536.13
|
$11,258.72
|
$169.07
|
$11,092.52
|
|
4
|
$11,092.52
|
$554.63
|
$11,647.15
|
$174.90
|
$11,475.21
|
|
5
|
$11,475.21
|
$573.76
|
$12,048.97
|
$180.93
|
$11,871.11
|
|
6
|
$11,871.11
|
$593.56
|
$12,464.66
|
$187.18
|
$12,280.66
|
|
7
|
$12,280.66
|
$614.03
|
$12,894.70
|
$193.63
|
$12,704.34
|
|
8
|
$12,704.34
|
$635.22
|
$13,339.56
|
$200.31
|
$13,142.64
|
|
9
|
$13,142.64
|
$657.13
|
$13,799.78
|
$207.23
|
$13,596.07
|
|
10
|
$13,596.07
|
$679.80
|
$14,275.87
|
$214.37
|
$14,065.13
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,828.51
|
|
Year
|
Hypothetical
Investment |
Hypothetical
Performance Earnings |
Investment
After Returns |
Hypothetical
Expenses |
Hypothetical
Ending Investment |
|
1
|
$10,000.00
|
$500.00
|
$10,500.00
|
$112.15
|
$10,390.00
|
|
Termination
of Contractual Waiver |
|
|
|
Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.30% |
|
|
2
|
$10,390.00
|
$519.50
|
$10,909.50
|
$137.57
|
$10,774.43
|
|
3
|
$10,774.43
|
$538.72
|
$11,313.15
|
$142.66
|
$11,173.08
|
|
4
|
$11,173.08
|
$558.65
|
$11,731.74
|
$147.94
|
$11,586.49
|
|
5
|
$11,586.49
|
$579.32
|
$12,165.81
|
$153.41
|
$12,015.19
|
|
6
|
$12,015.19
|
$600.76
|
$12,615.95
|
$159.09
|
$12,459.75
|
|
7
|
$12,459.75
|
$622.99
|
$13,082.74
|
$164.97
|
$12,920.76
|
|
8
|
$12,920.76
|
$646.04
|
$13,566.80
|
$171.08
|
$13,398.83
|
|
9
|
$13,398.83
|
$669.94
|
$14,068.77
|
$177.41
|
$13,894.59
|
|
10
|
$13,894.59
|
$694.73
|
$14,589.31
|
$183.97
|
$14,408.69
|
|
Cumulative
Total |
|
|
|
$1,550.25
|
|
● |
Website:
nomuraassetmanagement.com/USfunds |
|
● |
Nomura
Funds: 800 523-1918 (representatives are normally available weekdays from 8:30am to 6:00pm ET) |
|
○ |
For
fund information, literature, price, yield, and performance figures. |
|
○ |
For
information on existing regular investment accounts and retirement plan accounts including wire investments, wire redemptions, telephone
redemptions, and telephone exchanges.
|
|
● |
Automated
telephone service: 800 523-1918 (seven days a week, 24 hours a day) |
|
○ |
For
convenient access to account information or current performance information on all Nomura Funds,
use this touch-tone service. |
|
● |
Written
correspondence: Nomura Funds,
P.O. Box 534437, Pittsburgh, PA 15253-4437 (by regular mail) or Nomura Funds,
Attention: 534437, 1350 Penn Avenue Suite
102, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 (by overnight courier service). |
|
PR-JULY
7/26 | |
|
|
|
Statement of Additional Information
|
|
Nasdaq ticker symbols | |||||
|
|
Class A |
Class C |
Institutional Class |
Class R6 |
Class R |
Class Y |
|
Nomura Asset Strategy Fund (formerly, Macquarie Asset Strategy Fund) |
WASAX |
WASCX |
IVAEX |
IASTX |
IASRX |
WASYX |
|
Nomura Balanced Fund (formerly, Macquarie Balanced Fund) |
IBNAX |
IBNCX |
IYBIX |
IBARX |
IYBFX |
IBNYX |
|
Nomura Core Equity Fund (formerly, Macquarie Core Equity Fund) |
WCEAX |
WTRCX |
ICIEX |
ICEQX |
IYCEX |
WCEYX |
|
Nomura Global Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie Global Growth Fund) |
IVINX |
IVNCX |
IGIIX |
ITGRX |
IYIGX |
IVIYX |
|
Nomura International Core Equity Fund (formerly, Macquarie International Core Equity Fund) |
IVIAX |
IVIFX |
ICEIX |
IINCX |
IYITX |
IVVYX |
|
Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie Large Cap Growth Fund) |
WLGAX |
WLGCX |
IYGIX |
ILGRX |
WLGRX |
WLGYX |
|
Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie Mid Cap Growth Fund) |
WMGAX |
WMGCX |
IYMIX |
IGRFX |
WMGRX |
WMGYX |
|
Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund (formerly, Macquarie Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund) |
IVOAX |
IVOCX |
IVOIX |
IVOSX |
IVORX |
IVOYX |
|
Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund (formerly, Macquarie Smid Cap Core Fund) |
IYSAX |
IYSCX |
IVVIX |
ISPVX |
IYSMX |
IYSYX |
|
Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund (formerly, Macquarie Small Cap Growth Fund) |
WSGAX |
WRGCX |
IYSIX |
IRGFX |
WSGRX |
WSCYX |
|
Nomura Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund (formerly, Macquarie Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund) |
IPOAX |
IPOCX |
IPOIX |
IMEGX |
IYPCX |
IPOYX |
|
Nomura Climate Solutions Fund (formerly, Macquarie Climate Solutions Fund) |
IEYAX |
IEYCX |
IVEIX |
IENRX |
IYEFX |
IEYYX |
|
Nomura Healthcare Fund (formerly, Macquarie Healthcare Fund) |
DLHAX |
DLHCX |
DLHIX |
n/a |
DLRHX |
n/a |
|
Nomura Natural Resources Fund (formerly, Macquarie Natural Resources Fund) |
IGNAX |
IGNCX |
IGNIX |
INRSX |
IGNRX |
IGNYX |
|
Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund (formerly, Macquarie Real Estate Securities Fund) |
IRSAX |
IRSCX |
IREIX |
IRSEX |
IRSRX |
IRSYX |
|
Nomura Science and Technology Fund (formerly, Macquarie Science and Technology Fund) |
WSTAX |
WSTCX |
ISTIX |
ISTNX |
WSTRX |
WSTYX |
|
Nomura Global Bond Fund (formerly, Macquarie Global Bond Fund) |
IVSAX |
IVSCX |
IVSIX |
IVBDX |
IYGOX |
IVSYX |
|
Nomura High Income Fund (formerly, Macquarie High Income Fund) |
WHIAX |
WRHIX |
IVHIX |
IHIFX |
IYHIX |
WHIYX |
July 31, 2026
P.O. Box 534437, Pittsburgh, PA 15253-4437 (regular mail)
Attention: 534437, 1350 Penn Avenue Suite 102, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 (overnight courier service)
For a Prospectus, Performance, and Information on Existing Accounts: 800 523-1918
For Dealer Services (Broker/Dealers only): 800 362-7500
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) supplements the information contained in the current prospectus (the “Prospectus”), dated July 31, 2026, as it may be amended, from time to time, for each fund listed above (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”).
This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus. This SAI is not itself a prospectus but is, in its entirety, incorporated by reference into the Prospectus.
The Prospectus may be obtained through our website at nomuraassetmanagement.com/literature; by writing or calling your financial advisor; or by contacting the Funds’ distributor, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (the “Distributor”), at the above addresses, or by calling the above phone numbers. Please do not send any correspondence to 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354. The Funds’ financial statements, and the notes relating thereto, the financial highlights, and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm are incorporated by reference into this SAI, as follows: (i) from the most recent Form N-CSR for Nomura Healthcare Fund; and (ii) from the most recent Form N-CSR for all other Funds. Each Fund’s shareholder report, and/or financial statements, can be obtained, without charge, by calling 800 523-1918.
Table of contents
|
|
Page |
2
Organization and Classification
This SAI describes the Funds, each of which (except for Nomura Healthcare Fund) is a series of Ivy Funds. Nomura Healthcare Fund is a series of Delaware Group® Equity Funds IV. Each of Ivy Funds and Delaware Group Equity Funds IV is a “Trust” and are collectively referred to as the “Trusts”. Each Fund offers Class A, Class C and Class R shares, and each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund) also offers Class Y shares (collectively, the “Retail Classes”). In addition, each Fund offers Institutional Class shares and each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund) offers Class R6 shares (the Institutional Class and Class R6 are collectively referred to herein as the “Institutional Classes,” and together with the Retail Classes, are referred to herein as the “Classes”). All references to “shares” in this SAI refer to all classes of shares (each share class, the “Class”) of the Funds, except where noted. The Funds’ investment manager is Delaware Management Company (the “Manager”), which is a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust (“NIMBT”) (a Delaware statutory trust). In addition, the Trusts’ Board of Trustees (“Board”) has approved Van Eck Associates Corporation (“VanEck”), Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc. (“NCRAM”) and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (“MIMGL”) to serve as sub-advisors to certain of the Funds as described under Investment Manager and Other Service Providers. For purposes of the Investment Strategies and Risks section, a reference to the Manager may also include VanEck, NCRAM and MIMGL, as applicable.
Organization
Ivy Funds
The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on November 13, 2008. On April 1, 2010, each of the then-existing series of the Trust became the successor either to one of the series of Ivy Funds, Inc., organized as a Maryland corporation on January 29, 1992, or to one of the series of Ivy Funds, organized as a Massachusetts business trust on December 21, 1983.
History
Effective April 3, 2017, Ivy Global Natural Resources Fund changed its name to Ivy Natural Resources Fund.
Effective November 5, 2018, Ivy European Opportunities Fund merged into Ivy International Core Equity Fund; Ivy Global Income Allocation Fund merged into Ivy Asset Strategy Fund; Ivy Micro Cap Growth Fund merged into Ivy Small Cap Growth Fund and Ivy Tax-Managed Equity Fund merged into Ivy Large Cap Growth Fund.
Effective July 1, 2021, each Fund was renamed in conjunction with a transaction whereby Macquarie Management Holdings, Inc., the US holding company for Macquarie Group Limited’s US asset management business, acquired the investment management business of Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., including Ivy Investment Management Company, the former investment adviser of the Funds. On this date the word “Delaware” was added to each Fund’s name.
Effective July 1, 2021, Class N shares were renamed Class R6 for each Fund. On June 10, 2022, the Class E shares of the Funds were liquidated.
Effective July 29, 2022, Delaware Ivy Energy Fund changed its name to Delaware Climate Solutions Fund and Delaware Ivy Securian Real Estate Securities Fund changed its name to Delaware Real Estate Securities Fund.
On November 15, 2024, Class I shares were renamed Institutional Class shares for each Fund.
On December 31, 2024, the name of each Fund was changed to incorporate its new name beginning with “Macquarie” instead of “Delaware” or “Delaware Ivy,” as applicable. Also on December 31, 2024, Delaware Funds by Macquarie was renamed Macquarie Funds.
On December 1, 2025, the name of each Fund was changed to incorporate its new name beginning with “Nomura” instead of “Macquarie.” Also on December 1, 2025, Macquarie Funds was renamed Nomura Funds.
Upcoming Reorganization:
On May 20, 2026, the Board of Trustees of Ivy Funds approved the conversion of Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund to Nomura Small and Mid Cap ETF, a newly created exchange-traded fund that is a series of Nomura ETF Trust II, through a shell fund reorganization (“Reorganization”). It is currently expected that the Reorganization will be completed on or about November 6, 2026.
Delaware Group Equity Funds IV
The Trust was originally organized as a Maryland corporation in 1985 and was subsequently re-domiciled as a Delaware statutory trust on December 17, 1999.
History
In 2015, Delaware Healthcare Fund changed its fiscal year end from September to March.
On December 31, 2024, Delaware Healthcare Fund was renamed Macquarie Healthcare Fund.
On December 1, 2025, Macquarie Healthcare Fund was renamed Nomura Healthcare Fund.
3
Organization and Classification
Classification
Each Trust is an open-end management investment company.
Each Fund’s portfolio of assets (other than Nomura Climate Solutions Fund, Nomura Healthcare Fund, Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund and Nomura Science and Technology Fund) is “diversified” as defined by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The 1940 Act requires a “diversified” fund, with respect to 75% of the value of its total assets, to invest (1) no more than 5% of the value of the fund’s total assets in the securities of any one issuer and (2) in no more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer. This limitation generally requires a diversified fund to invest in securities issued by a minimum of 16 issuers. This limitation cannot be changed without approval by the holders of a “majority” of a Fund’s outstanding shares as described below.
Each of Nomura Climate Solutions Fund, Nomura Healthcare Fund, Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund and Nomura Science and Technology Fund is a “nondiversified” fund as defined by the 1940 Act. This means that each of those Funds may invest a greater portion of its assets in obligations of a single issuer or in several issuers. A nondiversified portfolio is believed to be subject to greater risk because adverse effects on an investment held by a Fund may affect a larger portion of its overall assets and subject it to greater risks and volatility.
Investment Objectives, Restrictions, and Policies
Investment Objectives
Each Fund’s investment objective is described in the Prospectus. Each Fund’s investment objective is nonfundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval. However, the Board must approve any changes to nonfundamental investment objectives, and a Fund will notify shareholders at least 60 days prior to a material change in the Fund’s investment objective.
Investment Restrictions for each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund)
Fundamental Investment Restrictions
The following, set forth in their entirety, are the Funds’ fundamental investment restrictions, which cannot be changed without shareholder approval for the affected Fund. For this purpose, shareholder approval for a Fund means the approval, at a meeting of Fund shareholders, by the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the Fund’s voting securities present at the meeting, if more than 50% of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities are present in person or by proxy or (2) more than 50% of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. Except for the limitation on borrowing, the percentage limitations contained in the restrictions and policies set forth herein apply at the time of purchase of securities. Subsequent changes in value that result from market fluctuations generally will not require a Fund to sell any portfolio security to comply with these limitations.
1. The Fund may not borrow money except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
2. The Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting the securities of other issuers, except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
3. The Fund may lend money or other assets to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
4. The Fund may not issue senior securities except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
5. The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
6. The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities or contracts related to commodities except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
4
For each Fund other than Nomura Climate Solutions Fund, Nomura Natural Resources Fund, Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund and Nomura Science and Technology Fund:
7. The Fund may not purchase the securities of any issuer (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities, securities of other investment companies and “tax-exempt securities” (i.e., securities the interest on which is not subject to federal income tax) or such other securities as may be excluded for this purpose under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief) if, as a result, such purchase would result in the concentration (as that term may be defined in the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief) of its investments in securities of issuers in any one industry.
For Nomura Climate Solutions Fund:
7. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will concentrate its investments in the energy industry. The Fund will not concentrate its investments in any other particular industry, except as permitted by exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
For Nomura Natural Resources Fund:
7. Under normal market conditions, the Fund will concentrate its investments in securities of issuers that produce, refine, develop, store, transport or supply energy or industrial products (i.e., building materials, packaging, chemicals, base metals, forest and agricultural products or provide basic services to the natural resources industry).
For Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund:
7. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will concentrate its investments in the real estate or real estate-related industry. The Fund will not concentrate its investments in any other particular industry, except as permitted by exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
For Nomura Science and Technology Fund:
7. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will concentrate its investments in the securities of science and technology companies or companies that benefit from the application of science and/or technology. The Fund will not concentrate its investments in any other particular industry, except as permitted by exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority of competent jurisdiction.
For purposes of a Fund’s concentration policy, the Fund intends to comply with the SEC staff position that securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by any single foreign government are considered to be securities of issuers in the same industry or group of industries. In applying a Fund’s policy on concentration (i.e., investing more than 25% of its net assets in the securities of issuers primarily engaged in the same industry): (i) utility companies will be divided according to their services, for example, gas, gas transmission, electric, and telephone will each be considered a separate industry; (ii) financial service companies will be classified according to the end users of their services, for example, automobile finance, bank finance, and diversified finance will each be considered a separate industry; and (iii) asset-backed securities will be classified according to the underlying assets securing such securities.
Nonfundamental Investment Restrictions
In addition to the fundamental investment policies and investment restrictions described above, and the various general investment policies described in the Prospectus, each Fund (unless otherwise specified) will be subject to the following investment restrictions, which are considered nonfundamental and may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval:
1. Investment in other investment companies:
Each Fund may buy shares of other investment companies only to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief. Any Fund whose shares are acquired by another Fund in accordance with Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act shall not purchase securities of a registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust in reliance on either Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.
2. Investment in illiquid securities:
Each Fund may not purchase a security if, as a result, more than 15% of its net assets would consist of illiquid investments.
3. Investment in debt securities:
Nomura Asset Strategy Fund may not invest more than 35% of its total assets in non-investment grade debt securities.
Each of Nomura Core Equity Fund, Nomura Global Growth Fund, Nomura Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund, Nomura Climate Solutions Fund, Nomura International Core Equity Fund, Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund, Nomura Natural Resources Fund, Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund, Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund and Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in non-investment grade debt securities.
5
Investment Objectives, Restrictions, and Policies
Each of Nomura Balanced Fund and Nomura Science and Technology Fund may not invest more than 20% of its total assets in non-investment grade debt securities.
4. Investment in foreign securities:
Each of Nomura Core Equity Fund, Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund, Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund, Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund, Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund and Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund may not invest more than 25% of its total assets in foreign securities.
For Nomura Balanced Fund, the Fund may not invest more than 30% of its total assets in foreign securities.
5. Investment in Financial Instruments:
Each Fund may invest in Financial Instruments if it is permitted to invest in the type of asset by which the return on, or value of, the Financial Instrument primarily is measured.
6. Restrictions on selling short:
Each Fund may engage in short sales to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.
7. Diversification:
For each Fund (other than Nomura Climate Solutions Fund, Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund and Nomura Science and Technology Fund), except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief, the Fund may not, with respect to 75% of the Fund’s total assets, purchase the securities of any issuer (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities, and securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, (a) more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in the securities of that issuer, or (b) the Fund would hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer.
8. Other Current Restrictions:
Each Fund, except Nomura Asset Strategy Fund, may not invest more than 20% of its total assets in cash or cash equivalents. However, for temporary or defensive purposes, each Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents without limitation.
All Funds. An investment policy or restriction that states a maximum percentage of a Fund’s assets that may be so invested or prescribes quality standards typically is applied immediately after, and based on, the Fund’s acquisition of an asset. Accordingly, a subsequent change in the asset’s value, net assets, or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether the investment complies with a Fund’s investment policies and restrictions.
Investment Restrictions for Nomura Healthcare Fund
Fundamental Investment Restrictions
The Fund has adopted the following restrictions that cannot be changed without approval by the holders of a “majority” of the Fund’s outstanding shares, which is a vote by the holders of the lesser of (i) 67% or more of the voting securities present in person or by proxy at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are present or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities. Except for the limitation on borrowing, the percentage limitations contained in the restrictions and policies set forth herein apply at the time of purchase of securities. Subsequent changes in value that result from market fluctuations generally will not require the Fund to sell any portfolio security to comply with these limitations.
The Fund shall not:
1. Make investments that will result in the concentration (as that term may be defined in the 1940 Act, any rule or order thereunder, or SEC staff interpretation thereof) of its investments in the securities of issuers primarily engaged in the same industry, provided that this restriction does not limit: (i) the Fund from concentrating its investments in the healthcare and medical industries; or (ii) the Fund from investing in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or in tax-exempt obligations.
2. Borrow money or issue senior securities, except as the 1940 Act, any rule or order thereunder, or SEC staff interpretation thereof, may permit.
3. Underwrite the securities of other issuers, except that the Fund may engage in transactions involving the acquisition, disposition, or resale of its portfolio securities, under circumstances where it may be considered an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).
4. Purchase or sell real estate, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments and provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from investing in issuers which invest, deal, or otherwise engage in transactions in real estate or interests therein, or investing in securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein.
6
5. Purchase or sell physical commodities, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments and provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from engaging in transactions involving futures contracts and options thereon or investing in securities that are secured by physical commodities.
6. Make personal loans or loans of its assets to persons who control or are under common control with the Fund, except as the 1940 Act, any rule or order thereunder, or SEC staff interpretation thereof, may permit. This restriction does not prevent the Fund from, among other things, purchasing debt obligations, entering into repurchase agreements, loaning its assets to broker/dealers or institutional investors, or investing in loans, including assignments and participation interests.
Nonfundamental Investment Restrictions
In addition to the fundamental investment policies and investment restrictions described above, and the various general investment policies described in the Prospectus, the Fund will be subject to the following investment restriction, which is considered nonfundamental and may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval: The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in securities that it cannot sell or dispose of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value that the Fund has valued the investment.
In applying the Fund’s concentration policy (i.e., investing more than 25% of its net assets in the securities of issuers primarily engaged in the same industry): (i) utility companies will be divided according to their services, for example, gas, gas transmission, electric, and telephone will each be considered a separate industry; (ii) financial service companies will be classified according to the end users of their services, for example, automobile finance, bank finance, and diversified finance will each be considered a separate industry; and (iii) asset-backed securities will be classified according to the underlying assets securing such securities.
Except for the Fund’s policy with respect to borrowing, any investment restriction or limitation that involves a maximum percentage of securities or assets shall not be considered to be violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after an acquisition of securities or utilization of assets and such excess results therefrom.
Portfolio Turnover
Portfolio trading will be undertaken principally to accomplish each Fund’s respective investment objective. Each Fund is free to dispose of portfolio securities at any time, subject to complying with the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and the 1940 Act, when changes in circumstances or conditions make such a move desirable in light of a Fund’s investment objective. Each Fund will not attempt to achieve or be limited to a predetermined rate of portfolio turnover. Such turnover always will be incidental to transactions undertaken with a view to achieving each Fund’s respective investment objective.
The portfolio turnover rate tells you the amount of trading activity in a Fund’s portfolio. A turnover rate of 100% would occur, for example, if all of a Fund’s investments held at the beginning of a year were replaced by the end of the year, or if a single investment were frequently traded. The turnover rate also may be affected by cash requirements from redemptions and repurchases of a Fund’s shares. A high rate of portfolio turnover in any year may increase brokerage commissions paid and could generate taxes for shareholders on realized investment gains. In investing to achieve its investment objective, a Fund may hold securities for any period of time.
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, the Funds’ portfolio turnover rates were as follows:
|
Fund |
2025 |
2026 |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
67% |
76% |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
76% |
80% |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
24% |
40% |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
55% |
46% |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
84% |
108% |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
18% |
24% |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
42% |
43% |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
27% |
22% |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
16% |
22% |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
76% |
62% |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
28% |
39% |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
20% |
29% |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
5% |
4% |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
47% |
65% |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
45% |
37% |
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Investment Objectives, Restrictions, and Policies
|
Fund |
2025 |
2026 |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
45% |
58% |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
226% |
141% |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
56% |
34% |
Investment Strategies and Risks
The Funds’ investment objectives, strategies, and risks are described in the Prospectus. Certain additional information is provided below. The following discussion supplements the description of the Funds’ investment strategies and risks that are included in the Prospectus. The Funds’ investment strategies are nonfundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval.
Investment strategies and risks applicable to each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund)
Any reference to the “Funds” generally in this subsection is intended to apply only to the applicable Fund(s) identified as being subject to this subsection.
Securities — General
The main types of securities in which a Fund may invest, subject to its investment policies and restrictions, include common stocks, preferred stocks, debt securities, and convertible securities. Although common stocks and other equity securities have a history of long-term growth in value, their prices tend to fluctuate in the short term, particularly those of smaller companies. The equity securities in which a Fund invests may include preferred stock that converts into common stock. A Fund also may invest in preferred stocks rated in any rating category of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) or unrated preferred stocks, subject to the investment policies and restrictions of the Fund. Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates and varying degrees of quality. As a general matter, however, when interest rates rise, the values of fixed-rate debt securities fall and, conversely, when interest rates fall, the values of fixed-rate debt securities rise. Similarly, debt securities with longer maturities generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than debt securities with shorter maturities.
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in debt securities rated in any rating category of the NRSROs, including securities rated in the lowest category (securities rated D by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global, Inc. (“S&P”) or comparably rated by another NRSRO). Debt securities rated D by S&P or comparably rated by another NRSRO are in payment default or are regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing. Debt securities rated at least BBB- by S&P or comparably rated by another NRSRO are considered to be investment grade debt securities; however, securities rated BBB- or comparably rated by another NRSRO may have speculative characteristics and involve greater risk of default or price changes. In addition, a Fund will treat unrated securities determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality to a rated security having that rating. In the case of a “split-rated” security, which results when NRSROs rate the security at different rating levels (e.g., BBB by S&P and a higher or lower rating by another NRSRO), it is the general policy of each Fund to classify such security at the lower rating level if only two ratings are available.
While credit ratings are only one factor the Manager relies on in evaluating high-yield (low-rated) debt securities, certain risks are associated with credit ratings. Credit ratings evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments, not market value risk. Credit ratings for individual securities may change from time to time, and a Fund may retain a portfolio security whose rating has been changed. In addition, a credit rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Credit ratings represent the NRSRO’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality. See Appendix A to this SAI for a description of these ratings.
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may purchase debt securities whose principal amount at maturity is dependent upon the performance of a specified equity security (commonly called “equity-linked debt securities”). The issuer of such debt securities is unaffiliated with the issuer of the equity security to whose performance the debt security is linked. Equity-linked debt securities differ from ordinary debt securities in that the principal amount received at maturity is not fixed, but is based on the price of the linked equity security at the time the debt security matures. The performance of equity-linked debt securities depends primarily on the performance of the linked equity security and also may be influenced by interest rate changes. In addition, although equity- linked debt securities typically are adjusted for diluting events such as stock splits, stock dividends and certain other events affecting the market value of the linked equity security, the debt securities are not adjusted for subsequent issuances of the linked equity security for cash. Such an issuance could adversely affect the price of the debt security. In addition to the equity risk relating to the linked equity security, such debt securities also are subject to credit risk with regard to the issuer of the debt security. In general, however, such debt securities are less volatile than the equity securities to which they are linked.
Debt securities may be unsecured and structurally or contractually subordinated to substantial amounts of senior indebtedness, all or a significant portion of which may be secured. Moreover, such debt investments may not be protected by financial covenants or limitations upon additional indebtedness. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such debt investments, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. Subject to its
8
investment policies and restrictions, certain of the debt instruments in which a Fund may invest may have speculative characteristics. Debt securities may be subject to credit risk, duration risk, extension risk, income risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk and reinvestment risk, among other risks.
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in convertible securities. A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. Convertible securities generally have higher yields than common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities, are less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying stock because they have fixed-income characteristics, and provide the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the security’s offering document. If a convertible security held by a Fund is called for redemption, such Fund will be required to convert it into the underlying stock, sell it to a third party or permit the issuer to redeem the security. Convertible securities typically are issued by smaller capitalized companies whose stock prices may be volatile. Thus, any of these actions could have an adverse effect on the ability of a Fund to achieve its investment objective(s).
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund also may invest in contingent convertible securities (“CoCos”). CoCos are a form of hybrid debt security that are intended to either convert into equity or have their principal written down upon the occurrence of certain “triggers.” The triggers generally are linked to regulatory capital thresholds or regulatory actions calling into question the issuing banking institution’s continued viability as a going concern. CoCos’ unique equity conversion or principal write-down features are tailored to the issuing banking institution and its regulatory requirements. Some additional risks associated with CoCos include, but are not limited to:
| | Loss absorption risk. CoCos have fully discretionary coupons. This means coupons can potentially be cancelled at the banking institution’s discretion or at the request of the relevant regulatory authority in order to help the bank absorb losses. |
| | Subordinated instruments. CoCos, in the majority of circumstances, will be issued in the form of subordinated debt instruments in order to provide the appropriate regulatory capital treatment prior to a conversion. Accordingly, in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of an issuer prior to a conversion having occurred, the rights and claims of the holders of the CoCos, such as the Funds, against the issuer in respect of or arising under the terms of the CoCos generally shall rank junior to the claims of all holders of unsubordinated obligations of the issuer. In addition, if the CoCos are converted into the issuer’s underlying equity securities following a conversion event (i.e., a “trigger”), each holder will be subordinated due to their conversion from being the holder of a debt instrument to being the holder of an equity instrument. |
| | Market value will fluctuate based on unpredictable factors. The value of CoCos is unpredictable and will be influenced by many factors including, without limitation: (i) the creditworthiness of the issuer and/or fluctuations in such issuer’s applicable capital ratios; (ii) supply and demand for the CoCos; (iii) general market conditions and available liquidity; and (iv) economic, financial and political events that affect the issuer, its particular market or the financial markets in general. |
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund also may invest in a type of convertible preferred stock that pays a cumulative, fixed dividend that is senior to, and expected to be in excess of, the dividends paid on the common stock of the issuer. At the mandatory conversion date, the preferred stock is converted into not more than one share of the issuer’s common stock at the call price that was established at the time the preferred stock was issued. If the price per share of the related common stock on the mandatory conversion date is less than the call price, the holder of the preferred stock will nonetheless receive only one share of common stock for each share of preferred stock (plus cash in the amount of any accrued but unpaid dividends). At any time prior to the mandatory conversion date, the issuer may redeem the preferred stock upon issuing to the holder a number of shares of common stock equal to the call price of the preferred stock in effect on the date of redemption divided by the market value of the common stock, with such market value typically determined 1 or 2 trading days prior to the date notice of redemption is given. The issuer also must pay the holder of the preferred stock cash in an amount equal to any accrued but unpaid dividends on the preferred stock. This convertible preferred stock is subject to the same market risk as the common stock of the issuer, except to the extent that such risk is mitigated by the higher dividend paid on the preferred stock. The opportunity for equity appreciation afforded by an investment in such convertible preferred stock, however, is limited, because in the event the market value of the issuer’s common stock increases to or above the call price of the preferred stock, the issuer may (and would be expected to) call the preferred stock for redemption at the call price. This convertible preferred stock also is subject to credit risk with regard to the ability of the issuer to pay the dividend established upon issuance of the preferred stock. Generally, however, the market value of the convertible preferred stock is less volatile than the related common stock of the issuer.
From time to time, a Fund may receive securities as a result of a corporate action, bankruptcy proceeding, or other event impacting the issuer (or an affiliate of the issuer) of securities held by the Fund. These securities may include equity securities, preferred securities, convertible securities, or other types of securities not typically held by the Fund. These securities may be issued by newly formed entities or entities spun out of an existing entity. To the extent a Fund receives securities under these circumstances, the Fund will be subject to the risks generally associated with those types of securities. The Fund may also be subject to additional risks, including liquidity risks and valuation risks, as these securities may be subject to restrictions on transfer and may be difficult to value.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Certain unanticipated events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, and other geopolitical events (including, but not limited to, economic sanctions, trade barriers, tariffs, or boycotts), can have a dramatic adverse effect on securities held by a Fund and, therefore, the value of the shares issued by a Fund.
Specific Securities and Investment Practices
Asset-Backed Securities (“ABS”)
Asset-backed receivables are securitized in either a pass-through or a pay-through structure. Pass-through securities provide investors with an income stream consisting of both principal and interest payments in respect of the receivables in the underlying pool. Pay-through ABS are debt obligations issued usually by a special purpose entity. The securities are collateralized by the various receivables and the payments on the underlying receivables provide the proceeds to pay the debt service on the debt obligations issued.
The rate of principal payment on ABS generally depends on the rate of principal payments received on the underlying assets. Such rate of payments may be affected by economic and various other factors such as changes in interest rates or the concentration of collateral in a particular geographic area. Therefore, the yield may be difficult to predict and actual yield to maturity may be more or less than the anticipated yield to maturity. The credit quality of most ABS depends primarily on the credit quality of the assets underlying such securities, how well the entities issuing the securities are insulated from the credit risk of the originator or affiliated entities, and the amount of credit support provided to the securities. Due to the shorter maturity of the collateral backing such securities, there tends to be less of a risk of substantial prepayment than with mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) but the risk of such a prepayment does exist. Such ABS do, however, involve certain risks not associated with MBS, including the risk that security interests cannot be adequately, or in many cases ever, established, and other risks that may be peculiar to particular classes of collateral. For example, with respect to credit card receivables, a number of state and federal consumer credit laws give debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the outstanding balance. In the case of automobile receivables, there is a risk that the holders may not have either a proper or first security interest in all of the obligations backing such receivables due to the large number of vehicles involved in a typical issuance and technical requirements under state laws; therefore, recoveries on repossessed collateral may not always be available to support payments on the securities.
ABS are often backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. To lessen the effect of failures by obligors on underlying assets to make payments, such securities may contain elements of credit support. Such credit support falls into two categories: (i) liquidity protection, and (ii) protection against losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the receipt of payments due on the underlying pool is timely. Protection against losses resulting from ultimate default enhances the likelihood of payments of the obligations on at least some of the assets in the pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees, insurance policies, or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through various means of structuring the transaction, or through a combination of such approaches. A Fund will not pay any additional fees for such credit support, although the existence of credit support may increase the price of a security.
Examples of credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction include “senior-subordinated securities” (multiple-class securities with one or more classes subordinate to other classes as to the payment of principal thereof and interest thereon, with the result that defaults on the underlying assets are borne first by the holders of the subordinated class), creation of “reserve funds” (where cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the payments on the underlying assets, are held in reserve against future losses), and “over collateralization” (where the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of, the underlying assets exceed that required to make payments of the securities and pay any servicing or other fees). The degree of credit support provided for each issue is generally based on historical information respecting the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquencies or losses in excess of those anticipated could adversely affect the return on an investment in such issue.
Banking Industry and Savings and Loan Obligations
Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Bankers’ acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are “accepted” by a bank (meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument at maturity). In addition to investing in certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, each Fund may invest in time deposits in banks or savings and loan associations. Time deposits generally are similar to certificates of deposit, but are uncertificated. Each Fund’s investments in certificates of deposit, time deposits, and bankers’ acceptances are limited to obligations of (i) US banks having total assets in excess of $500,000,000 (as of the date of their most recent financial statements at the time of investment), (ii) US banks which do not meet the $500,000,000 asset requirement, if the principal amount of such obligation is fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), (iii) savings and loan associations which have total assets in excess of $500,000,000 and which are members of the FDIC, and (iv) foreign banks if the obligation is, in the opinion of the Manager, of an investment quality comparable to other debt securities which may be purchased by the Fund. Each Fund’s investments in certificates of deposit of savings associations are limited to obligations of federal or state- chartered institutions whose total assets exceed $500,000,000 and whose deposits are insured by the FDIC. Bank deposits are not marketable, and a Fund may invest in them subject to its investment restrictions regarding illiquid investments, unless such obligations are payable at principal amount plus accrued interest on demand or within 7 days after demand.
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Borrowing
Each Fund may borrow money only as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief. Proceeds from borrowings will be used for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes. Interest on money borrowed is an expense a Fund would not otherwise incur, and as a result, it may have reduced net investment income during periods of outstanding borrowings. If a Fund does borrow money, its share price may be subject to greater fluctuation until the borrowing is paid off.
Credit-Linked Notes
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in credit-linked notes. A credit-linked note is a structured note whose value is linked to an underlying reference asset. Credit-linked notes typically provide periodic payments of interest, as well as payment of principal upon maturity. The value of the periodic payments and the principal amount payable upon maturity are tied (positively or negatively) to a reference asset, such as an index, government bond, interest rate or currency exchange rate. The ongoing payments and principal upon maturity typically will increase or decrease depending on increases or decreases in the value of the reference asset. A credit-linked note typically is issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle and is a direct obligation of the issuing entity. The limited purpose trust or other vehicle, in turn, invests in bonds or a derivative or basket of derivatives instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and/or other securities, to provide the exposure set forth in the credit-linked note. The periodic interest payments and principal obligations payable under the terms of the note typically are conditioned upon the entity’s receipt of payments on its underlying investment. If the underlying investment defaults, the periodic payments and principal received by the Fund will be reduced or eliminated. The buyer of a credit-linked note assumes the risk of default by the issuer and the underlying reference asset or entity. Generally, investors in credit-linked notes assume the risk of default by the issuer and the reference entity in return for a potentially higher yield on their investment or access to an investment that they could not otherwise obtain. In the event the issuer defaults or there is a credit event that relates to the reference asset, the recovery rate generally is less than a Fund’s initial investment, and the Fund may lose money.
Foreign Securities and Currencies
Foreign Securities. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in the securities of foreign issuers, including depositary receipts. In general, depositary receipts are securities convertible into and evidencing ownership of securities of foreign corporate issuers, although depositary receipts may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted. American depositary receipts (“ADRs”), in registered form, are US dollar-denominated receipts typically issued by a US bank representing ownership of a specific number of shares in a non-US corporation. ADRs are quoted and traded in US dollars in the US securities market. An ADR is sponsored if the original issuing company has selected a single US bank to serve as its US depositary and transfer agent. This relationship requires a deposit agreement which defines the rights and duties of both the issuer and depositary. Companies that sponsor ADRs also must provide their ADR investors with English translations of company information made public in their own country of domicile. Sponsored ADR investors also generally have the same voting rights as ordinary shareholders, barring any unusual circumstances. ADRs which meet these requirements can be listed on US stock exchanges. Unsponsored ADRs typically are created at the initiative of a broker or bank reacting to demand for a specific foreign stock. The broker or bank purchases the underlying shares and deposits them in a depositary. Unsponsored shares issued after 1983 are not eligible for US stock exchange listings, and they generally do not include voting rights.
Global depositary receipts (“GDRs”) and European depositary receipts (“EDRs”), in bearer form, are foreign receipts evidencing a similar arrangement and are designed for use by non-US investors and traders in non-US markets. GDRs are designed to facilitate the trading of securities of foreign issuers by US and non-US investors and traders.
The Manager believes that investing in foreign securities involves investment opportunities as well as risks. Individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy or each other in such matters as gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. Individual foreign companies also may differ favorably or unfavorably from US companies in the same industry. Foreign currencies may be stronger or weaker than the US dollar or than each other. Thus, the value of securities denominated in or indexed to foreign currencies, and the value of dividends and interest from such securities, can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the US dollar.
The Manager believes that a Fund’s ability to invest its assets abroad might enable it to take advantage of these differences and strengths.
However, foreign securities and foreign currencies involve additional significant risks, apart from the risks inherent in US investments. Foreign securities markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than US markets, and prices on some foreign markets can be highly volatile. Many foreign countries lack uniform accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those applicable to US companies, and it may be more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding an issuer’s financial conditions and operations. In addition, the costs of foreign investing, including withholding taxes, brokerage commissions and custodial costs, generally are higher than for US investments.
Foreign markets may offer less protection to investors than US markets. Foreign issuers, brokers and securities markets may be subject to less government supervision. Foreign securities trading practices, including those involving the release of assets in advance of payment, may involve increased risks in the event of a failed trade or the insolvency of a broker-dealer, and may involve substantial delays. It also may be difficult to enforce legal rights in foreign countries.
11
Investment Strategies and Risks
Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. In the event that a Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund’s ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.
Investing abroad also involves different political and economic risks. Foreign investments may be affected by actions of foreign governments adverse to the interests of US investors, including: the possibility of expropriation or nationalization of assets; confiscatory taxation; restrictions on US investment or on the ability to repatriate assets or convert currency into US dollars (which also may affect the liquidity of such investments), such as those applicable to certain investments in China; or other government intervention. There may be greater possibility of default by foreign governments or government-sponsored enterprises. Investments in foreign countries also involve a risk of local political, economic, or social instability, military action or unrest, or adverse diplomatic developments. There is no assurance that the Manager will be able to anticipate these potential events or counter their effects.
Military action by Russia in Ukraine and ongoing conflicts and hostilities in the Middle East, including among the United States and Iran, as well as Israel, Hamas, Hezbollah, among others, have in recent years caused, and may continue to cause, significant disruptions to regional and global economies and global trade and supply chains, including significant negative impacts on markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas. Any cessation of trading on securities markets or other market disruptions resulting from these events may impact the value and liquidity of certain portfolio holdings. The extent and duration of these conflicts, sanctions, and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial and prolonged and adversely affect a Fund’s investments, liquidity and performance.
Certain foreign securities impose restrictions on transfer within the United States or to US persons. Although securities subject to transfer restrictions may be marketable abroad, they may be less liquid than foreign securities of the same class that are not subject to such restrictions.
As a general rule, the country designation for a security for purposes of a Fund’s investment policies and restrictions regarding foreign securities is the issuer’s country of domicile, as indicated by a third-party source (e.g., Bloomberg L.P.). However, in certain identified circumstances, a different country designation may be warranted. For example, an issuer’s country designation could be changed if (i) the issuer derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits in a country other than the country of domicile; (ii) the issuer has at least 50% of its assets in a country other than the country of domicile; or (iii) the issuer’s stock (security) principally is traded (based on total volume traded) in a country other than the country of domicile, provided the issuer does not have more than 50% of its revenues/profits or assets sourced in a single country.
Investments in obligations of US branches of foreign banks will be considered US securities if the Manager has determined that the nature and extent of federal and state regulation and supervision of the branch in question are substantially equivalent to federal or state-chartered US banks doing business in the same jurisdiction.
Foreign Currencies. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may purchase and sell foreign currency and invest in foreign currency deposits and may enter into forward currency contracts. The Funds may incur a transaction charge in connection with the exchange of currency. Currency conversion involves dealer spreads and other costs, although commissions usually are not charged.
Investment in foreign securities usually will involve currencies of foreign countries. Moreover, subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may hold funds temporarily in bank deposits in foreign currencies during the completion of investment programs and may purchase and sell forward foreign currency contracts. Because of these factors, the value of the assets of a Fund as measured in US dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations, and a Fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. Although a Fund’s custodian values the Fund’s assets daily in terms of US dollars, the Fund does not intend to convert its holdings of foreign currencies into US dollars on a daily basis, and for certain investments, there may be restrictions imposed by a foreign government on the conversion of its currency to US dollars (or other currencies). Generally, however, a Fund will convert its holdings of foreign currencies into US dollars, and investors should be aware of the costs of currency conversion. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (the “spread”) between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies, which can include other transaction costs. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to a Fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the Fund desire to resell that currency to the dealer. A Fund will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (that is, cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through entering into forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies. For more information regarding a Fund’s use of forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies, see “Options, Futures and Other Derivatives Strategies — Forward Currency Contracts.”
Because a Fund may invest in both US and foreign securities markets, subject to its investment policies and restrictions, changes in the Fund’s share price may have a low correlation with movements in US markets. Each Fund’s share price will reflect the movements of the different markets in which it invests (both US and foreign), and of the currencies in which the investments are denominated. Thus, the strength or weakness of the US dollar against foreign currencies may account for part of a Fund’s investment performance. US and foreign securities markets do not always move in step with each other, and the total returns from different markets may vary significantly. Currencies in which a Fund’s assets are denominated may be devalued against the US dollar, resulting in a loss to the Fund.
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A Fund usually effects currency exchange transactions on a spot (that is, cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign exchange market. However, some price spread on currency exchange will be incurred when the Fund converts assets from one currency to another. Further, a Fund may be affected either unfavorably or favorably by fluctuations in the relative rates of exchange between the currencies of different nations. For example, in order to realize the value of a foreign investment, the Fund must convert that value, as denominated in its foreign currency, into US dollars using the applicable currency exchange rate. The exchange rate represents the current price of a US dollar relative to that foreign currency; that is, the amount of such foreign currency required to buy one US dollar. If a Fund holds a foreign security which has appreciated in value as measured in the foreign currency, the level of appreciation actually realized by the Fund may be reduced or even eliminated if the foreign currency has decreased in value relative to the US dollar subsequent to the date of purchase. In such a circumstance, the cost of a US dollar purchased with that foreign currency has gone up and the same amount of foreign currency purchases fewer dollars than at an earlier date.
Emerging Market Securities. The risks of investing in foreign countries are intensified in developing countries, or emerging markets. A developing or emerging country is a nation that, in the Manager’s opinion, is likely to experience long-term gross domestic product growth above that expected to occur in the United States, the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and Canada. Developing and emerging countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities.
Unless a Fund contains an alternative definition of an emerging market country in its Prospectus, the Manager considers countries having developing or emerging markets to be all countries that generally are considered to be developing or emerging countries by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (more commonly referred to as the World Bank) and the International Finance Corporation, as well as countries that are classified by the United Nations or otherwise regarded by their authorities as developing or emerging.
As noted above, the country designation for a security for purposes of a Fund’s investment policies and restrictions regarding foreign securities is the issuer’s country of domicile, as indicated by a third-party source (e.g., Bloomberg L.P.). Accordingly, a security would be considered issued by a developing or emerging market country if the issuer’s country of domicile is a developing or emerging market country. However, in certain identified circumstances, a different country designation may be warranted under the following circumstances: (i) the issuer derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits in a country other than the country of domicile; (ii) the issuer has at least 50% of its assets in a country other than the country of domicile; or (iii) the issuer’s stock (security) principally is traded (based on total volume traded) in a country other than the country of domicile, provided the issuer does not have more than 50% of its revenues/profits or assets sourced in a single country.
Some of the risks to which a Fund may be exposed by investing in securities of developing or emerging markets are: restrictions placed by the government of a developing or emerging country related to investment, currency exchange controls, and repatriation of the proceeds of investment in that country; fluctuation of a developing or emerging country’s currency against the US dollar; unusual price volatility in a developing or emerging country’s securities markets; government involvement in the private sector, including government ownership of companies in which the Fund may invest; limited information about a developing or emerging market; high levels of tax levied by developing or emerging countries on dividends, interest and realized capital gains; the greater likelihood that developing or emerging markets will experience more volatility in inflation rates than developed markets; the greater potential that securities purchased by the Fund in developing or emerging markets may be fraudulent or counterfeit due to differences in the level of regulation, disclosure requirements and recordkeeping practices in those markets; risks related to the liquidity and transferability of investments in certain instruments, such as loan participations, that may not be considered “securities” under local law; settlement risks, including potential requirements for the Fund to render payment prior to taking possession of portfolio securities in which it invests; the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation; favorable or unfavorable differences between individual foreign economies and the US economy, such as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources, self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position; additional costs associated with any investment in non-US securities, including higher custodial fees than typical US custodial arrangements, transaction costs of foreign currency conversions and generally higher commission rates on portfolio transactions than prevail in US markets; relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of securities; greater social, economic and political instability, including the risk of war; lack of availability of currency hedging or other risk management techniques in certain developing or emerging countries; the fact that companies in developing or emerging countries may be newly organized and may be smaller and less seasoned; differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; the heightened risks associated specifically with establishing record ownership and custody of securities; and limitations on obtaining and enforcing judgments against non-US residents.
Sukuk. Foreign securities and emerging market securities include sukuk. Sukuk are certificates, similar to bonds, issued by the issuer to obtain an upfront payment in exchange for an income stream to be generated by certain assets of the issuer. Generally, the issuer sells the investor a certificate, which the investor then rents back to the issuer for a predetermined rental fee. The issuer also makes a contractual promise to buy back the certificate at a future date at par value. While the certificate is linked to the returns generated by certain assets of the issuer, the underlying assets are not pledged as security for the certificates, and the Fund (as the investor) is relying on the creditworthiness of the issuer for all payments required by the sukuk. Issuers of sukuk may include international financial institutions, foreign governments and agencies of foreign governments. Underlying assets may include, without limitation, real estate (developed and undeveloped), lease contracts and machinery and equipment.
Foreign Sovereign Debt Obligations. Investment in sovereign debt can involve a high degree of risk. The governmental entity that controls the repayment of sovereign debt may not be able or willing to repay the principal and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such debt. A governmental entity’s willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign currency on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the governmental entity’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund, and the political
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Investment Strategies and Risks
constraints to which a governmental entity may be subject. Governmental entities also may be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The commitment on the part of these governments, agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on a governmental entity’s implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor’s obligations. Failure to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties’ commitments to lend funds to the governmental entity, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debts in a timely manner. Consequently, governmental entities may default on their sovereign debt. Holders of sovereign debt may be requested to participate in the rescheduling of such debt and to extend further loans to governmental entities. There is no bankruptcy proceeding by which sovereign debt on which governmental entities have defaulted may be collected in whole or in part.
Illiquid Investments
Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act (“Rule 22e-4”) provides that a Fund may not acquire an “illiquid investment” if, immediately after the acquisition, the Fund would have invested more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments that are assets. Rule 22e-4 defines an illiquid investment as an investment that cannot reasonably be sold or disposed of under current market conditions in 7 calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. The Board has adopted a liquidity risk management program on behalf of the Fund’s that is designed to comply with Rule 22e-4’s requirements. The Board has delegated to an administrator the responsibility to oversee the program, whose duties include periodically reviewing the liquidity risk of the Funds and categorizing the Fund’s investments into one of four liquidity classifications (as defined in Rule 22e-4) based on prescribed criteria, including the number of days in which the administrator reasonably expects the investment would be convertible to cash under current market conditions without significantly changing the market value of the investment. This classification process takes into account relevant market, trading and investment-specific considerations (the analysis upon which a security is convertible to cash and placed into a classification will not take into account days when exchanges in foreign markets are closed for scheduled holidays).
The Manager believes that, at times, it is in the best interest of a Fund to be able to invest in illiquid securities up to the maximum amount allowable under the Fund’s investment restriction on illiquid investments. See “Investment Objectives, Restrictions, and Policies — Investment Restrictions for each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund) — Nonfundamental Investment Restrictions.” The Manager believes that the risk of investing in illiquid securities is manageable, considering the availability of certain securities that are currently considered illiquid but have widely established trading markets. For example, there has been significant growth in the types and availability of bank loans and structured products, including: asset backed securities (which also includes many mortgage-backed securities), collateralized bond obligations, collateralized mortgage obligations, collateralized debt obligations and commercial mortgage-backed securities. Since many of these securities are initially offered as individual issues, they often are deemed illiquid. See “Asset-Backed Securities and Mortgage-Backed Securities” for more information on these types of securities.
Indexed Securities and Structured Notes
Each Fund may invest in structured notes or other indexed securities, subject to its operating policy regarding financial instruments and other applicable restrictions. An example of a “structured note” is a note that is tied to a basket of multiple indices in which an investor receives twice the gains of each index that rises, subject to a cap on the returns with proportionate losses if the index falls. An example of an “indexed security” is a security that guarantees a return higher than the rate of inflation if it is held to maturity (called inflation indexed security). Structured notes or other indexed securities are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is linked to securities, currencies, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators (reference instruments). Most structured notes or other indexed securities are fixed-income securities that have maturities of three years or fewer. The interest rate or the principal amount payable at maturity of an indexed security may vary based on changes in one or more specified reference instruments, such as a floating interest rate compared with a fixed interest rate. The reference instrument need not be related to the terms of the structured note or indexed security.
Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed (i.e., their principal value or interest rates may increase or decrease if the underlying reference instrument appreciates), and may have return characteristics similar to direct investments in the underlying reference instrument or to one or more options on the underlying reference instrument.
Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of debt securities because the investor bears the risk of the reference instrument. Structured notes and indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. In addition to the credit risk of the structured note and indexed security’s issuer and the normal risks of price changes in response to changes in interest rates, the principal amount of structured notes and indexed securities may decrease as a result of changes in the value of the underlying reference instruments. Further, in the case of certain structured notes and indexed securities, the interest rate may be increased or decreased or the terms may provide that, under certain circumstances, the principal amount payable on maturity may be reduced to zero resulting in a loss to a Fund.
The performance of structured notes and indexed securities depends to a great extent on the performance of the reference instrument to which they are indexed and also may be influenced by interest rate changes in the US and abroad. At the same time, structured notes and indexed securities are subject to the credit risks associated with the issuer of the security and their values may decline substantially if the issuer’s creditworthiness deteriorates. Structured notes and indexed securities may be more volatile than the reference instrument. Gold-indexed securities, for example,
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typically provide for a maturity value that depends on the price of gold, resulting in a security whose price tends to rise and fall together with gold prices. Currency-indexed securities typically are short-term to intermediate-term debt securities whose maturity values or interest rates are determined by reference to the values of one or more specified foreign currencies, and may offer higher yields than US dollar-denominated securities of equivalent issuers. Currency-indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed; that is, their maturity value may increase when the specified currency value increases, resulting in a security that performs similarly to a foreign-denominated instrument, or their maturity value may decline when foreign currencies increase, resulting in a security whose price characteristics are similar to a put on the underlying currency. Currency-indexed securities also may have prices that depend on the values of a number of different foreign currencies relative to each other.
The Manager will use its judgment in determining whether structured notes or indexed securities should be treated as short-term instruments, bonds, stocks, or as a separate asset class for purposes of a Fund’s investment allocations, depending on the individual characteristics of the securities. Certain structured notes and indexed securities that are not traded on an established market may be deemed illiquid.
Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”)
Securities issued through an IPO can experience an immediate drop in value if the demand for the securities does not continue to support the offering price. Information about the issuers of IPO securities also is difficult to acquire since they are new to the market and may not have lengthy operating histories. A Fund may engage in short-term trading in connection with its IPO investments, which could produce higher trading costs. The number of securities issued in an IPO is limited, so it is likely that IPO securities will represent a smaller component of a Funds’ portfolio as the Fund’s assets increase (and thus have a more limited effect on the Funds’ performance).
Investment Company Securities
Each Fund may purchase shares of other investment companies only to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder, and any applicable exemptive relief and subject to its other investment policies and restrictions. As a shareholder in an investment company, a Fund would bear its pro rata share of that investment company’s expenses, which could result in duplication of certain fees, including management and administrative fees; therefore, if a Fund acquires shares of an investment company, the Fund’s shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses of the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of such investment company.
Closed-end Investment Companies. Shares of certain closed-end investment companies may at times be acquired only at market prices representing premiums to their NAVs. Shares of closed-end investment companies also may trade at a discount to net asset value (“NAV”), which means a Fund may have to sell shares at a price lower than their NAV per share. Additionally, closed-end investment company shares may be halted or delisted by the listing exchange. Some countries, such as South Korea, Chile and India, have authorized the formation of closed-end investment companies to facilitate indirect foreign investment in their capital markets. The 1940 Act restrictions on investments in securities of other investment companies may limit opportunities that some of the Funds otherwise permitted to invest in foreign securities otherwise would have to invest indirectly in certain developing markets. A Fund will incur brokerage costs when purchasing and selling shares of closed-end investment companies.
Business Development Companies (“BDCs”). Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in shares of BDCs. BDCs are a type of closed-end investment company regulated by the 1940 Act and typically invest in and lend to small and medium-sized private companies that may not have access to public equity markets for raising capital. BDCs invest in such diverse industries as healthcare, chemical, manufacturing, technology and service companies. A BDC must invest at least 70% of the value of its total assets in certain asset types, which typically are the securities of private US businesses, and must make available significant managerial assistance to the issuers of such securities. BDCs often offer a yield advantage over other types of securities. Managers of BDCs may be entitled to compensation based on the BDC’s performance, which may result in a manager of a BDC making riskier or more speculative investments in an effort to maximize incentive compensation and higher fees.
Because BDCs typically invest in small and medium-sized companies, a BDC’s portfolio is subject to the risks inherent in investing in smaller companies, including that portfolio companies may be dependent on a small number of products or services and may be more adversely affected by poor economic or market conditions. Some BDCs invest substantially, or even exclusively, in one sector or industry group. Accordingly, the BDC may be susceptible to adverse conditions and economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the sector or industry group, which tends to increase the BDC’s volatility and risk. Investments made by BDCs generally are subject to legal and other restrictions on resale and are otherwise less liquid than publicly traded securities. The illiquidity of these investments may make it difficult to sell such investments if the need arises, and if there is a need for a BDC in which a Fund invests to liquidate its portfolio quickly, it may realize a loss on its investments. BDCs also may have relatively concentrated investment portfolios, consisting of a relatively small number of holdings. A consequence of this limited number of investments is that the aggregate returns realized may be disproportionately impacted by the poor performance of a small number of investments, or even a single investment, particularly if a BDC experiences the need to write down the value of an investment, which tends to increase the BDC’s volatility and risk.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Investments in BDCs are subject to management risk, including the ability of the BDC’s management to meet the BDC’s investment objective and to manage the BDC’s portfolio when the underlying securities are redeemed or sold, during periods of market turmoil and as investors’ perceptions regarding a BDC or its underlying investments change. BDC shares are not redeemable at the option of the BDC shareholder and, as with shares of other closed-end funds, they may trade in the secondary market at a discount to their NAV. Like an investment in other investment companies, a Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management and other expenses charged by the BDCs in which it invests.
BDCs may employ the use of leverage through borrowings or the issuance of preferred stock. While leverage often serves to increase the yield of a BDC, this leverage also subjects a BDC to increased risks, including the likelihood of increased volatility of the BDC and the possibility that the BDC’s common share income will fall if the dividend rate of the preferred shares or the interest rate on any borrowings rises.
Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETFs”)
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, and only to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder, and any applicable exemptive relief, a Fund may invest in ETFs for various purposes, which may or may not be a registered investment company (RIC) (i.e., open-end mutual fund). Each of these securities represents shares of beneficial interest in a trust, or series of a trust, that typically holds a proportionate amount of shares of all stocks included in the relevant underlying index. Since most ETFs are a type of investment company, a Fund’s purchases of ETF shares are subject to its investment restrictions regarding investments in other investment companies.
An ETF’s shares have a market price that approximates the NAV of the ETF’s portfolio, which generally is designed to track the designated index or the NAV of the underlying basket of securities, currencies and/or commodities or commodities futures, as applicable. Some ETFs are actively managed and instead of replicating, they seek to outperform a particular index or basket or price of a commodity or currency. ETF shares are exchange-traded and as with other equity transactions, brokers charge a commission in connection with the purchase of shares of ETFs. In addition, an asset management fee is charged against the assets of an ETF (which is charged in addition to the investment management fee paid by a Fund).
Trading costs for ETFs can be higher than those for stock index futures contracts, but, because ETFs trade like other exchange-listed equities, they represent a relatively quick and convenient method of using a Fund’s assets to track the return of a particular stock index. Investments in an ETF that is an open-end mutual fund generally present the same primary risks as investments in a conventional open-end mutual fund that is not exchange-traded. The price of an ETF can fluctuate, and a Fund could lose money investing in an ETF. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional mutual funds: (i) the market price of an ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to their NAV; (ii) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; or (iii) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange’s officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.
Lending Securities
For the purpose of realizing additional income or offsetting expenses, each Fund may lend portfolio securities up to the maximum amount of its total assets allowed under the 1940 Act (currently, one-third of total assets which, for purposes of this limitation, include the value of collateral received in return for securities loaned). Under a Fund’s securities lending procedures, the Fund may lend securities only to broker-dealers and financial institutions deemed creditworthy by the Manager. The creditworthiness of entities to which a Fund makes loans of portfolio securities is monitored by the Manager throughout the term of the loan.
If a Fund lends securities, the borrower pays the Fund an amount equal to the dividends or interest on the securities that the Fund would have received if it had not loaned the securities. The Fund also receives additional compensation.
In addition, a borrower must collateralize any securities loans that it receives from a Fund in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements (the “Guidelines”). At the time of each loan, the Fund must receive collateral equal to no less than 102% of the market value of the securities loaned (or 105% of the market value of foreign securities loaned), including any accrued interest thereon. Under the present Guidelines, the collateral must consist of cash or US government securities or bank letters of credit, at least equal in value to the market value of the securities loaned on each day that the loan is outstanding. Such collateral will be marked-to-market daily, and if the market value of the lent securities exceeds the value of the collateral, the borrower must add more collateral so that it at least equals 102% of the market value of the domestic securities loaned (or 105% of the foreign securities loaned). If the market value of the securities decreases, the borrower is entitled to a return of the excess collateral.
There are two methods of receiving compensation for making loans. The first is to receive a negotiated loan fee from the borrower. This method is available for all three types of collateral. The second method, which is not available when letters of credit are used as collateral, is for a Fund to receive interest on the investment of the cash collateral or to receive interest on the US government securities used as collateral. Part of the interest received in either case may be shared with the borrower.
The letters of credit that a Fund may accept as collateral are agreements by banks (other than the borrowers of the Fund’s securities), entered into at the request of the borrower and for its account and risk, under which the banks are obligated to pay to the Fund, while the letter is in effect, amounts demanded by the Fund if the demand meets the terms of the letter.
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The Fund’s right to make this demand secures the borrower’s obligations to it. The terms of any such letters and the creditworthiness of the banks providing them (which might include the Fund’s custodian bank) must be satisfactory to the Manager. The Fund will make loans only under rules of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), which presently require the borrower to give the securities back to the Fund within 5 business days after the Fund gives notice to do so. If the Fund loses its voting rights on securities loaned, it will not be able to have the securities returned to it in time to vote them if a material event affecting the investment is to be voted on. The Fund may pay reasonable finder’s, administrative and custodian fees in connection with loans of securities.
Some, but not all, of these rules are necessary to meet regulatory requirements relating to securities loans. These rules will not be changed unless the change is permitted under these requirements. The requirements do not cover the rules which may be changed without shareholder vote, as to: (1) whom securities may be loaned; (2) the investment of cash collateral; or (3) voting rights.
There may be risks of delay in receiving additional collateral from the borrower if the market value of the securities loaned increases. If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return the securities loaned because of insolvency or other reasons, a Fund could experience delays and costs in recovering the securities loaned or in gaining access to the collateral. These delays and costs could be greater for foreign securities. If a Fund is not able to recover the securities loaned, the Fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement investment in the market. Additional transaction costs would result, and the value of the collateral could decrease below the value of the replacement investment by the time the replacement investment is purchased. Until the replacement can be purchased, the Fund will not have the desired level of exposure to the security which the borrower failed to return. Cash received as collateral through loan transactions may be invested in other eligible securities, including shares of a money market fund. Investing this cash subjects the Fund to greater market risk including losses on the collateral and, should the Fund need to look to the collateral in the event of the borrower’s default, losses on the loan secured by that collateral.
Investments in Chinese Securities
Certain Funds may invest in “A-shares” of certain Chinese companies through various “connect programs” with local stock exchanges in China, such as the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect Program with the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect Program with the Shenzhen Stock Exchange or other similar programs (collectively these are referred to as “Connect Programs”).
Connect Programs serve to link local Chinese stock markets (such as those in Shanghai or Shenzhen) with the Hong Kong stock exchange. Under the Connect Programs, investors in Hong Kong and China can trade and settle shares listed on the other market via the exchange and clearing house in their home market. This means that international investors, who previously were prohibited from investing directly in A-shares on local Chinese exchanges, can access this market.
However, local rules apply, and listed companies that issue A-shares remain subject to the listing requirements in the local market. This means that the Connect Programs are subject to quota limitations, and an investor cannot purchase and sell the same security on the same trading day, which may restrict a Fund’s ability to invest in China A-shares through the Connect Programs and to enter into or exit trades on a timely basis. Connect Programs can operate only when both markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. As such, if one or both markets are closed on a US trading day, a Fund may not be able to dispose of its China A-shares in a timely manner, which could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. Only certain China A-shares are eligible to be accessed through the Connect Programs. Such securities may lose their eligibility at any time, in which case they could be sold, but could no longer be purchased through the Connect Programs. Because the Connect Programs are relatively new, the actual effect on the market for trading China A-shares with the introduction of large numbers of foreign investors is unknown. In addition, there is no assurance that the necessary systems required to operate the Connect Programs will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in both markets. In the event that the relevant systems do not function properly, trading through the Connect Programs could be disrupted.
The Connect Programs are subject to regulations promulgated by regulatory authorities for participating exchanges and further regulations or restrictions, such as limitations on redemptions or suspension of trading, may adversely impact a Connect Program, if the authorities believe it necessary to assure orderly markets or for other reasons. Because the relevant regulations are relatively new and untested, they are subject to change and there is no certainty as to how they will be applied. Investments in China A-shares may not be covered by the securities investor protection programs of a participating exchange and, without the protection of such programs, will be subject to the risk of default by the broker. In the event that the depository, the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“ChinaClear”), defaulted, the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited, being the nominee under the Connect Program, has limited responsibility to assist clearing participants in pursuing claims against ChinaClear. Currently, there remains no precedent that the applicable courts in China would accept beneficial owners, rather than the nominee, under the Connect Program to pursue claims directly against ChinaClear in China. Therefore, a Fund may not be able to recover fully its losses from ChinaClear or may be delayed in receiving proceeds as part of any recovery process. A Fund also may not be able to exercise the rights of a shareholder and may be limited in its ability to pursue claims against the issuer of a security. A Fund may not be able to participate in corporate actions affecting China A-shares held through the Connect Programs due to time constraints or for other operational reasons. Similarly, a Fund may not be able to appoint proxies or participate in shareholders’ meetings due to current limitations on the use of multiple proxies in China.
Trades on these Connect Programs are subject to certain requirements prior to trading. If these requirements are not completed prior to the market opening, a Fund cannot sell the shares on that trading day. Currently, certain local custodians offer a “bundled brokerage/custodian” solution to address such requirements. However, such solution may limit the number of brokers that a Fund may use to execute trades. An enhanced model
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Investment Strategies and Risks
also has been implemented by the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, but there are operational and practical challenges for an investor to utilize such enhanced model. If an investor holds 5% or more of the total shares issued by a China A-share issuer, the investor must return any profits obtained from the purchase and sale of those shares if both transactions occur within a six-month period. If a Fund holds 5% or more of the total shares of a China A-share issuer, its profits may be subject to this limitation. In addition, it currently is not clear whether all accounts managed by the Manager and/or its affiliates will be aggregated for purposes of this limitation. If that is the case, it makes it more likely that a Fund’s profits may be subject to this limitation.
Because all trades of eligible China A-shares must be settled in Renminbi (“RMB”), the Chinese currency, investors must have timely access to a reliable supply of offshore RMB, which cannot be guaranteed. The value of the RMB may be subject to a high degree of fluctuation due to changes in interest rates, the imposition of currency controls, or the effects of monetary policies of China, other foreign governments, the United States, central banks or supranational entities.
Furthermore, because dividends declared by a Fund will be declared in US dollars and underlying payments received by the Fund from the China A-shares will be made in RMB, fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the dividends that the Fund would pay.
Also, investing in China carries certain political and economic risks. The value of a Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by inadequate investor protection and changes in Chinese laws or regulations. The Chinese economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in respects such as the rate of growth of gross domestic product, the rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, balance of payments position and sensitivity to changes in global trade. The Chinese government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy. Accordingly, future government actions could have a significant effect on the country’s economy, which could affect market conditions and prices and yields of China A-shares.
Investments in Chinese companies may be made through a special structure known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) that is designed to provide foreign investors with exposure to Chinese companies that operate in certain sectors in which China restricts or prohibits foreign investment. Investments in VIEs may pose additional risks because the investment is made through an intermediary shell company that has entered into service and other contracts with the underlying Chinese operating company to provide investors with exposure to the operating company, but does not represent equity ownership in the operating company. As a result, such investment may limit the rights of an investor with respect to the underlying Chinese operating company. VIEs allow foreign shareholders to exert a degree of control over, and obtain economic benefits arising from, the operating company without formal legal ownership. However, the contractual arrangements between the shell company and the operating company may not be as effective in providing operational control as direct equity ownership, and a foreign investor’s rights may be limited by, for example, actions of the Chinese government which could determine that the underlying contractual arrangements on which control of the VIE is based are invalid. The contractual arrangement on which the VIE structure is based would likely be subject to Chinese law and jurisdiction, which could raise questions about how recourse is sought.
Investments through VIEs may be affected by conflicts of interest and duties between the legal owners of the VIE and the stockholders of the listed holding company, which could adversely impact the value of investments. VIEs are not formally recognized under Chinese law and investors face uncertainty about future actions by the Chinese government that could significantly affect the operating company’s financial performance and the enforceability of the contractual arrangements underlying the VIE structure. Prohibitions of these structures by the Chinese government, or the inability to enforce such contracts, from which the shell company derives its value, would likely cause the VIE-structured holding(s) to suffer significant losses, and in turn, adversely affect a Fund’s returns and NAV.
Loans and Other Direct Debt Instruments
Loans. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may purchase loan participations and/or loan assignments (sometimes called bank loans). Loan participations are interests in amounts owed by a corporate, governmental, or other borrower to a lender or consortium of lenders (typically banks, insurance companies, or investment banks). Purchasers of participation interests do not have any direct contractual relationship with the borrower. Most floating rate loans are acquired directly from the agent bank or from another holder of the loan by assignment. In an assignment, the Fund purchases an assignment of a portion of a lender’s interest in a loan. In this case, the Fund may be required generally to rely upon the assigning bank to demand payment and enforce its rights against the borrower, but would otherwise be entitled to all of such bank’s rights in the loan.
Purchasers of participation interests may be subject to delays, expenses, and risks that are greater than those that would be involved if the purchaser could enforce its rights directly against the borrower. In addition, under the terms of a participation interest, the purchaser may be regarded as a creditor of the intermediate participant (rather than of the borrower), so that the purchaser also may be subject to the risk that the intermediate participant could become insolvent. The agreement between the purchaser and lender who sold the participation interest also may limit the rights of the purchaser to vote on changes that may be made to the loan agreement, such as waiving a breach of a covenant.
Most loan participations are secured, and most impose restrictive covenants that must be met by the borrower. These loans typically are made by a syndicate of banks and institutional investors, which are represented by an agent bank that has negotiated and structured the loan and that is responsible generally for collecting interest, principal, and other amounts from the borrower on its own behalf and on behalf of the other lending institutions in the syndicate, and for enforcing its and their other rights against the borrower. Typically, under loan agreements, the agent is given
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broad discretion in monitoring the borrower’s performance and is obligated to use the same care it would use in the management of its own property. Each of the lending institutions, including the agent bank, lends to the borrower a portion of the total amount of the loan, and retains the corresponding interest in the loan. Floating rate loans may include delayed draw term loans and pre-funded or synthetic letters of credit.
A Fund’s ability to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts in connection with loans held by it will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower. The failure by a Fund to receive scheduled interest or principal payments on a loan would adversely affect the income of the Fund and would likely reduce the value of its assets, which would be reflected in a reduction in the Fund’s NAV. Banks and other lending institutions generally perform a credit analysis of the borrower before originating a loan or purchasing an assignment in a loan. In selecting the loans in which a Fund will invest, however, the Manager will not rely on that credit analysis of the agent bank but will perform its own investment analysis of the borrowers.
The Manager’s analysis may include consideration of the borrower’s financial strength and managerial experience, debt coverage, additional borrowing requirements or debt maturity schedules, changing financial conditions, and responsiveness to changes in business conditions and interest rates. The majority of the loans a Fund will invest in will be rated by one or more NRSROs. Investments in loans may be of any quality, including “distressed” loans, and will be subject to the Fund’s credit quality policy. Some floating rate loans and other debt securities are not rated by any NRSRO. Historically, floating rate loans have not been registered with the SEC or any state securities commission or listed on any securities exchange. As a result, the amount of public information available about a specific floating rate loan historically has been less extensive than if the floating rate loan were registered or exchange traded.
Floating rate loans and other debt securities that are fully secured provide more protections than unsecured securities in the event of failure to make scheduled interest or principal payments. Indebtedness of borrowers whose creditworthiness is poor involves substantially greater risks and may be highly speculative. Borrowers that are in bankruptcy or restructuring may never pay off their indebtedness, or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. In connection with the restructuring of a floating rate loan or other debt security outside of bankruptcy court in a negotiated work-out or in the context of bankruptcy proceedings, equity securities or junior debt securities may be received in exchange for all or a portion of an interest in the security.
Corporate loans in which a Fund may purchase a loan assignment are made generally to provide bridge loans (temporary financing), finance internal growth, mergers, acquisitions (acquiring another company), recapitalizations (reorganizing the assets and liabilities of a borrower), stock purchases, leverage buy-outs (taking over control of a company), dividend payments to sponsors and other corporate activities. Under current market conditions, most of the corporate loans purchased by a Fund will represent loans made to highly leveraged corporate borrowers. The highly leveraged capital structure of the borrowers in such transactions may make such loans especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. A Fund may hold investments in loans for a very short period of time when opportunities to resell the investments that the Manager believes are attractive arise.
Certain of the loans acquired by a Fund may involve revolving credit facilities under which a borrower may from time to time borrow and repay amounts up to the maximum amount of the facility. A revolving credit facility may require the Fund to increase its investment in a floating rate loan at a time when it would not otherwise have done so, even if the borrower’s condition makes it unlikely that the amount will ever be repaid.
Notwithstanding its intention in certain situations to not receive material non-public information with respect to its management of investments in floating rate loans, the Manager may from time to time come into possession of material, non-public information about the issuers of loans that may be held by a Fund. Possession of such information may in some instances occur despite the Manager’s efforts to avoid such possession, but in other instances, the Manager may choose to receive such information (e.g., in connection with participation in a creditor’s committee with respect to a financially distressed issuer). As, and to the extent, required by applicable law, the Manager’s ability to trade in these loans for the account of a Fund could potentially be limited by its possession of such information. Such limitations on the Manager’s ability to trade could have an adverse effect on a Fund by, for example, preventing the Fund from selling a loan that is experiencing a material decline in value. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time.
In some instances, other accounts managed by the Manager may hold other securities issued by borrowers whose floating rate loans may be held by a Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the floating rate loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the issuer deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the issuer’s floating rate loans. In such cases, the Manager may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The Manager will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the Manager’s client account collectively held only a single category of the issuer’s securities.
A floating rate loan offered as part of the original lending syndicate typically is purchased at par value. As part of the original lending syndicate, a purchaser generally earns a yield equal to the stated interest rate. In addition, members of the original syndicate typically are paid a commitment fee. In secondary market trading, floating rate loans may be purchased or sold above, at, or below par, which can result in a yield that is below, equal to, or above the stated interest rate, respectively. At certain times when reduced opportunities exist for investing in new syndicated floating rate loans, floating rate loans may be available only through the secondary market.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
If an agent becomes insolvent, or has a receiver, conservator, or similar official appointed for it by the appropriate bank or other regulatory authority, or becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding, the agent’s appointment may be terminated, and a successor agent would be appointed. If an appropriate regulator or court determines that assets held by the agent for the benefit of the purchasers of floating rate loans are subject to the claims of the agent’s general or secured creditors, the purchasers might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a floating rate loan or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. Furthermore, in the event of the borrower’s bankruptcy or insolvency, the borrower’s obligation to repay a floating rate loan may be subject to certain defenses that the borrower can assert as a result of improper conduct by the agent.
Unlike publicly-traded common stocks which trade on national exchanges, there is no central place or exchange for loans to trade. Loans trade in an over-the-counter (“OTC”) market, and confirmation and settlement, which are effected through standardized procedures and documentation, may take significantly longer than 7 days to complete. Extended trade settlement periods may, in unusual market conditions with a high volume of shareholder redemptions, present a risk to shareholders regarding a Fund’s ability to pay redemption proceeds within the allowable time periods stated in its prospectus.
Loan interests may not be considered “securities,” and a purchaser, such as a Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws.
Collateral. Most floating rate loans are secured by specific collateral of the borrower and are senior to most other securities of the borrower. The collateral typically has a market value, at the time the floating rate loan is made, that equals or exceeds the principal amount of the floating rate loan. The value of the collateral may decline, be insufficient to meet the obligations of the borrower, or be difficult to liquidate. As a result, a floating rate loan may not be fully collateralized and can decline significantly in value. Floating rate loan collateral may consist of various types of assets or interests. Collateral may include working capital assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory; tangible or intangible assets; or assets or other types of guarantees of affiliates of the borrower. Inventory is the goods a company has in stock, including finished goods, goods in the process of being manufactured, and the supplies used in the process of manufacturing. Accounts receivable are the monies due to a company for merchandise or securities that it has sold, or for the services it has provided. Tangible fixed assets include real property, buildings, and equipment. Intangible assets include trademarks, copyrights and patent rights, and securities of subsidiaries or affiliates.
Generally, floating rate loans are secured unless (i) the purchaser’s security interest in the collateral is invalidated for any reason by a court, or (ii) the collateral is fully released with the consent of the agent bank and lenders or under the terms of a loan agreement as the creditworthiness of the borrower improves. Collateral impairment is the risk that the value of the collateral for a floating rate loan will be insufficient in the event that a borrower defaults. Although the terms of a floating rate loan generally require that the collateral at issuance have a value at least equal to 100% of the amount of such floating rate loan, the value of the collateral may decline subsequent to the purchase of a floating rate loan. In most loan agreements there is no formal requirement to pledge additional collateral. There is no guarantee that the sale of collateral would allow a borrower to meet its obligations should the borrower be unable to repay principal or pay interest or that the collateral could be sold quickly or easily.
In addition, most borrowers pay their debts from the cash flow they generate. If the borrower’s cash flow is insufficient to pay its debts as they come due, the borrower may seek to restructure its debts rather than sell collateral. Borrowers may try to restructure their debts by filing for protection under the federal bankruptcy laws or negotiating a work-out. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, access to the collateral may be limited by bankruptcy and other laws. In the event that a court decides that access to the collateral is limited or void, it is unlikely that purchasers could recover the full amount of the principal and interest due.
There may be temporary periods when the principal asset held by a borrower is the stock of a related company, which may not legally be pledged to secure a floating rate loan. On occasions when such stock cannot be pledged, the floating rate loan will be temporarily unsecured until the stock can be pledged or is exchanged for, or replaced by, other assets.
Some floating rate loans are unsecured. If the borrower defaults on an unsecured floating rate loan, there is no specific collateral on which the purchaser can foreclose.
Floating Interest Rate Loans. The rate of interest payable on floating rate loans is the sum of a base lending rate plus a specified spread. Base lending rates generally are the Certificate of Deposit (“CD”) Rate of a designated US bank, the Prime Rate of a designated US bank, the federal funds rate, or another base lending rate used by commercial lenders. A borrower usually has the right to select the base lending rate and to change the base lending rate at specified intervals. The applicable spread may be fixed at time of issuance or may adjust upward or downward to reflect changes in credit quality of the borrower.
The interest rate on CD Rate-based floating rate loans is reset periodically at intervals ranging from 30 to 180 days, while the interest rate on Prime Rate- or federal funds rate-based floating rate loans floats daily as those rates change. Investment in floating rate loans with longer interest rate reset periods can increase fluctuations in the floating rate loans’ values when interest rates change.
The yield on a floating rate loan will depend primarily on the terms of the underlying floating rate loan and the base lending rate chosen by the borrower. The relationship between the CD Rate, the Prime Rate, and the federal funds rate will vary as market conditions change.
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Floating rate loans typically will have a stated term of five to nine years. However, because floating rate loans are frequently prepaid, their average maturity is expected to be two to three years. The degree to which borrowers prepay floating rate loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business conditions, the borrower’s financial condition, and competitive conditions among lenders. Prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Prepayments of principal to the purchaser of a floating rate loan may result in the principal’s being reinvested in floating rate loans with lower yields.
A Fund limits the amount of total assets that it will invest in any one issuer or in issuers within the same industry (see “Investment Objectives, Restrictions, and Policies—Investment Restrictions for each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund)—Fundamental Investment Restrictions”). For purposes of these restrictions, a Fund generally will treat the borrower as the “issuer” of indebtedness held by the Fund. In the case of participation interests where a bank or other lending institution serves as intermediate participant between a Fund and the borrower, if the participation interest does not shift to the Fund the direct debtor-creditor relationship with the borrower, a Fund, in appropriate circumstances, will treat both the lending bank or other lending institution and the borrower as “issuers” for these purposes. Treating an intermediate participant as an issuer of indebtedness may restrict a fund’s ability to invest in indebtedness related to a single intermediate participant, or a group of intermediate participants engaged in the same industry, even if the underlying borrowers represent many different companies and industries.
A borrower must comply with various restrictive covenants contained in the loan agreement. In addition to requiring the scheduled payment of interest and principal, these covenants may include restrictions on dividend payments and other distributions to stockholders, provisions requiring the borrower to maintain specific financial ratios, and limits on total debt. The loan agreement also may contain a covenant requiring the borrower to prepay the floating rate loan with any free cash flow. A breach of a covenant that is not waived by the agent (or by the lenders directly) normally is an event of default, which provides the agent or the lenders the right to call the outstanding floating rate loan.
Direct Debt Instruments. A Fund may invest in direct debt instruments, subject to its policies and restrictions regarding the quality of debt securities. Purchasers of loans and other forms of direct indebtedness depend primarily upon the creditworthiness of the borrower for payment of principal and interest. Direct debt instruments may not be rated by any NRSRO. If a Fund does not receive scheduled interest or principal payments on such indebtedness, the Fund’s share price and yield could be adversely affected. Loans that are fully secured offer the Fund more protection than an unsecured loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. However, there is no assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the borrower’s obligation, or that the collateral could be liquidated. Indebtedness of borrowers whose creditworthiness is poor involves substantially greater risks, and may be highly speculative. Borrowers that are in bankruptcy or restructuring may never pay off their indebtedness, or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. Direct indebtedness of developing countries also involves a risk that the governmental entities responsible for the repayment of the debt may be unable, or unwilling, to pay interest and principal when due.
Investments in loans through direct assignment of a financial institution’s interests with respect to a loan may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. Direct debt instruments also may involve a risk of insolvency of the lending bank or other intermediary. Direct debt instruments that are not in the form of securities may offer less legal protection to the Fund in the event of fraud or misrepresentation. In the absence of definitive regulatory guidance, the Fund seeks to avoid situations where fraud or misrepresentation could adversely affect the Fund.
A loan often is administered by a bank or other financial institution that acts as agent for all holders. The agent administers the terms of the loan, as specified in the loan agreement. Unless, under the terms of the loan or other indebtedness, the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, it may have to rely on the agent to apply appropriate credit remedies against a borrower. If assets held by the agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the agent’s general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on the loan or loan participation and could suffer a loss of principal or interest.
Investments in direct debt instruments may entail less legal protection for the Fund. Direct indebtedness purchased by the Fund may include letters of credit, revolving credit facilities, or other standby financing commitments obligating the Fund to pay additional cash on demand. These commitments may have the effect of requiring the Fund to increase its investment in a borrower at a time when it would not otherwise have done so, even if the borrower’s condition makes it unlikely that the amount will ever be repaid. Other types of direct debt instruments, such as loans through direct assignment of a financial institution’s interest with respect to a loan, may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral.
A Fund limits the amount of total assets that it will invest in any one issuer or in issuers within the same industry. For purposes of these limitations, a Fund generally will treat the borrower as the issuer of indebtedness held by the Fund. In the case of loan participations where a bank or other lending institution serves as financial intermediary between the Fund and the borrower, if the participation does not shift to the Fund the direct debtor-creditor relationship with the borrower, SEC interpretations require the Fund, in appropriate circumstances, to treat both the lending bank or other lending institution and the borrower as issuers for these purposes. Treating a financial intermediary as an issuer of indebtedness may restrict the Fund’s ability to invest in indebtedness related to a single financial intermediary, or a group of intermediaries engaged in the same industry, even if the underlying borrowers represent many different companies and industries.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Listed Private Equity Companies and Funds
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in securities of listed private equity companies and funds whose principal business is to invest in and lend capital to privately held companies. A Fund is subject to the underlying risks that affect the listed private equity companies and funds in which it invests. Generally, little public information exists for private companies, and there is a risk that the listed private equity companies and funds may not be able to make a fully informed investment decision. In addition, the listed private equity companies and funds may have relatively concentrated investment portfolios, consisting of a relatively small number of holdings. A consequence of this limited number of investments is that the aggregate returns realized by the listed private equity companies and funds may be adversely impacted by the poor performance of a small number of investments, or even a single investment. A Fund’s investment in listed private equity companies and funds subjects the Fund’s shareholders indirectly to the fees and expenses incurred by such companies and funds. Listed private equity companies and funds may include, among others, business development companies, investment holding companies, publicly traded limited partnership interests (common units), publicly traded venture capital funds, publicly traded venture capital trusts, publicly traded private equity funds, publicly traded private equity investment trusts, publicly traded closed-end funds, publicly traded financial institutions that lend to or invest in privately held companies and any other publicly traded vehicle whose purpose is to invest in privately held companies.
Low-Rated Securities
Debt securities rated below the four highest categories (that is, below BBB- by S&P, for example) are not considered investment grade obligations and commonly are called “junk bonds” or “high yield”. These securities are predominately speculative and present more credit risk than investment grade obligations with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments.
Low-rated debt securities (including unrated securities determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality) generally involve greater volatility of price and risk of principal and income, including the possibility of default by, or bankruptcy of, the issuers of the securities. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than high-rated securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty. In addition, the markets in which low-rated debt securities are traded are more limited than those in which higher-rated securities are traded. The existence of limited markets for particular securities may diminish a Fund’s ability to sell the securities at fair value either to meet redemption requests or to respond to changes in the economy or in the financial markets and could adversely affect and cause fluctuations in the daily NAV of the Fund’s shares.
Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of low-rated debt securities, especially in a thinly traded market. Valuation becomes more difficult and judgment plays a greater role in valuing low-rated debt securities than with respect to higher-rated debt securities for which more external sources of quotations and last sale information are available. Similarly, analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated debt securities may be more complex than for issuers of higher-rated securities, and the ability of a Fund to achieve its investment objective may be more dependent upon such creditworthiness analysis than would be the case if the Fund were investing in higher-rated securities.
Low-rated debt securities may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than investment grade securities. The prices of low-rated debt securities have been found to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher-rated investments, but more sensitive to adverse economic downturns or individual corporate developments. A projection of an economic downturn or of a period of rising interest rates, for example, could cause a decline in low-rated debt securities prices because the advent of a recession could lessen the ability of a highly leveraged company to make principal and interest payments on its debt securities. If the issuer of low-rated debt securities defaults, a Fund may incur additional expenses to seek recovery and lose all or part of its investment.
Distressed Debt Securities. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in distressed companies (generally, debt securities rated below CCC+ by S&P, for example) (or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality) (generally referred to as “Distressed Debt”). Investing in Distressed Debt includes investing in securities of companies that are, or are about to be, involved in reorganizations, financial restructurings, or bankruptcy. A Fund’s investment in Distressed Debt typically involves the purchase of bank debt, lower-rated or defaulted debt securities, comparable unrated debt securities, or other indebtedness (or participations in the indebtedness) of such companies. Such other indebtedness generally represents a specific commercial loan or portion of a loan made to a company by a financial institution such as a bank.
Loan participations represent fractional interests in a company’s indebtedness and generally are made available by banks or other institutional investors. By purchasing all or a part of a loan participation, a Fund, in effect, steps into the shoes of the lender. Distressed Debt purchased by a Fund may be in the form of loans, notes or bonds. If the loan is secured, a Fund will have a priority claim to the assets of the company ahead of unsecured creditors and stockholders otherwise no such priority of claims exists.
A merger or other restructuring, or a tender or exchange offer, proposed or pending at the time a Fund invests in these securities may not be completed on the terms or within the time frame contemplated, resulting in losses to the Fund.
Distressed Debt securities typically are unrated, lower-rated, in default or close to default. Also, Distressed Debt generally is more likely to become worth less than the securities of more financially stable companies. An issuer of debt securities may be unable to make interest payments and repay principal when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength or in a security’s credit rating may affect a security’s value and, thus, impact Fund
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performance. These debt securities are subject to interest rate, credit and prepayment risk. An increase in interest rates will reduce the resale value of debt securities and changes in the financial condition or credit rating of an issue may affect the value of its debt securities. Issuers may prepay their obligations on fixed rate debt securities when interest rates decline, which can shorten a security’s maturity and reduce a Fund’s return.
Debt securities rated below investment grade, and the type of Distressed Debt securities which a Fund may purchase, generally are considered to have more risk than higher-rated debt securities. They also may fluctuate more in price, and are less liquid than higher-rated debt securities. Their prices are especially sensitive to developments affecting the company’s business and to ratings changes, and typically rise and fall in response to factors that affect the company’s stock prices. Issuers of such Distressed Debt are not as strong financially, and are more likely to encounter financial difficulties and be more vulnerable to adverse changes in the economy, such as a recession or a sustained period of rising interest rates. The risk that a Fund may lose its entire investment in defaulted bonds is greater in comparison to investing in non-defaulted bonds. Purchasers of participations in indebtedness must rely on the financial institution issuing the participation to assert any rights against the borrower with respect to the underlying indebtedness. In addition, a Fund incurs the risk as to the creditworthiness of the bank or other financial intermediary, as well as of the company issuing the underlying indebtedness.
Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”)
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in MLPs. An MLP is a limited partnership (or similar entity, such as a limited liability company, that is classified as a partnership for federal tax purposes), the interests in which are publicly traded. MLP units generally are registered with the SEC and are freely traded on a securities exchange or in the OTC market. Many MLPs operate in the oil and gas industries, including energy processing and distribution. MLPs generally are pass-through entities or businesses that are taxed at the security holder level and generally are not subject to federal or state income tax at the entity level, subject to the application of certain partnership audit rules. Annual income, gains, losses, deductions and credits of such an MLP pass through directly to its security holders. Distributions from an MLP, whether they are attributable to its annual net income that is passed through or consist in part of a return of the amount originally invested, would not be taxable, to the extent they do not exceed the investor’s adjusted tax basis in its MLP interest. Generally, an MLP is operated under the supervision of one or more general partners. Limited partners are not involved in the day-to-day management of an MLP.
Investing in MLPs generally is subject to risks applicable to investing in a partnership as opposed to a corporation, which may include fewer protections afforded to investors (e.g., owners of common units in an MLP may have limited voting rights and no ability to elect directors, trustees or other managers). Although unitholders of an MLP generally are limited in their liability, similar to a corporation’s shareholders, an MLP’s creditors typically have the right to seek the return of distributions made to the MLP’s unitholders if the liability in question arose before the distributions were paid. This liability may stay attached to the unitholder even after the units are sold.
MLPs holding credit-related investments are subject to interest rate risk and the risk of default on payment obligations by debt issuers. MLPs that concentrate in a particular industry or geographic region are subject to the risks associated with such industry or region (such as the risks associated with investing in the real estate or oil and gas industries). Investments held by an MLP may be relatively illiquid, limiting the MLP’s ability to vary its portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions. MLPs may have limited financial resources, their securities may trade infrequently and in limited volume, and they may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than securities of larger or more broadly based companies.
Net income from an interest in a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” (“QPTP”), which many MLPs are treated as for federal tax purposes, is “qualifying income” for an entity (such as a Fund) that is a “regulated investment company” for these purposes (“RIC”). Please see the section entitled “Distributions and Taxes – Taxes” for additional information regarding the tax consequences of a Fund’s investing in a QPTP.
Money Market Instruments
Money market instruments are high-quality, short-term debt instruments. They may include US government securities, commercial paper and other short-term corporate obligations, certificates of deposit and other financial institution obligations. These instruments may carry fixed or variable interest rates.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (“MBS”)
Overview. MBS, also referred to as mortgage securities or mortgage-related securities, represent an ownership interest in a pool of mortgage loans, usually originated by mortgage bankers, commercial banks, savings and loan associations, savings banks, and credit unions to finance purchases of homes, commercial buildings, or other real estate. The individual mortgage loans are packaged or “pooled” together for sale to investors. These mortgage loans may have either fixed or adjustable interest rates. A guarantee or other form of credit support may be attached to an MBS to protect against default on obligations.
As the underlying mortgage loans are paid off, investors receive principal and interest payments, which “pass-through” when received from individual borrowers, net of any fees owed to the administrator, guarantor, or other service providers. Some MBS make payments of both principal and interest at a range of specified intervals; others make semiannual interest payments at a predetermined rate and repay principal at maturity (like a typical bond).
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Investment Strategies and Risks
MBS are based on different types of mortgages, including those on commercial real estate or residential properties. The primary issuers or guarantors of MBS have historically been Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac. Other issuers of MBS include commercial banks and other private lenders.
Ginnie Mae is a wholly owned US government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Ginnie Mae guarantees the principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by Ginnie Mae (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers). Ginnie Mae also guarantees the principal and interest on securities backed by pools of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (the “FHA”), or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (the “VA”). Ginnie Mae’s guarantees are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Guarantees as to the timely payment of principal and interest do not extend to the value or yield of MBS nor do they extend to the value of a Fund’s shares which will fluctuate daily with market conditions.
Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored corporation, but its common stock is owned by private stockholders. Fannie Mae purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions, and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by Fannie Mae are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by Fannie Mae, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
Freddie Mac was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the 12 Federal Home Loan Banks but now its common stock is owned entirely by private stockholders. Freddie Mac issues Participation Certificates (“PCs”), which are pass-through securities, each representing an undivided interest in a pool of residential mortgages. Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
Although the MBS of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government, the Secretary of the Treasury has the authority to support Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac by purchasing limited amounts of their respective obligations. The yields on these MBS have historically exceeded the yields on other types of US government securities with comparable maturities due largely to their prepayment risk. The US government, in the past, provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, but no assurance can be given that the US government will continue to do so.
On September 6, 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers, and privileges of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and of any stockholder, officer, or director of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. FHFA selected a new chief executive officer and chairman of the board of directors for each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Also, the US Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement imposing various covenants that severely limit each enterprise’s operations.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac continue to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations associated with its MBS. The FHFA has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, including the guaranty obligations of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Accordingly, securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will involve a risk of nonpayment of principal and interest.
MBS that are issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to a Fund’s industry concentration restrictions, set forth under Investment Objectives, Restrictions, and Policies—Investment Restrictions for each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund)—Fundamental Investment Restrictions, by virtue of the exclusion from that test available to securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. In the case of privately issued MBS, a Fund categorizes, where possible, the securities by the issuer’s industry for purposes of the Funds’ industry concentration restrictions.
Private MBS. Issuers of private MBS, such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers, and other secondary market issuers, are not US government agencies and may be both the originators of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the MBS, or they may partner with a government entity by issuing mortgage loans guaranteed or sponsored by the US government or a US government agency or sponsored enterprise. Pools of mortgage loans created by private issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or government agency guarantees of payment. The risk of loss due to default on private MBS is historically higher because neither the US government nor an agency or instrumentality has guaranteed them. Timely payment of interest and principal is, however, generally supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool, and hazard insurance. Government entities, private insurance companies or the private mortgage poolers issue the insurance and guarantees. The insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of their issuers will be considered when determining whether an MBS meets a Fund’s quality standards. A Fund may buy MBS without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the poolers, the Manager determines that the securities meet the Funds’ quality standards. Private MBS whose underlying assets are neither US government securities nor US government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, may also be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political, or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of property owners to make
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payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages. Nongovernment MBS are generally subject to greater price volatility than those issued, guaranteed or sponsored by government entities because of the greater risk of default in adverse market conditions. Where a guarantee is provided by a private guarantor, a Fund is subject to the credit risk of such guarantor, especially when the guarantor doubles as the originator.
CMOs and REMICs. Collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) are a type of MBS that issue debt obligations collateralized by residential or commercial mortgage loans or pass-through securities. CMOs are typically issued in multiple classes. Each class, often referred to as a “tranche,” is issued at a specified coupon rate or adjustable rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Each of the classes is allocated a different share of the principal and/or interest payments received from the pool according to a different payment schedule depending on, among other factors, the seniority of a class relative to their classes. Other MBS such as real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) are also divided into multiple classes with different rights to the interest and/or principal payments received on the pool of mortgages. Multi-class pass-through securities are equity interests in a trust composed of mortgage loans or other MBS. Unless the context indicates otherwise, the discussion of CMOs below also applies to REMICs and multi-class pass-through securities.
Payments of principal and interest on the underlying collateral provide the resources to pay the debt service on CMOs or REMICs or to make scheduled distributions on the multi-class pass-through securities. The principal and interest on the underlying collateral may be allocated among a CMO’s various classes in many ways. In a common structure, payments of principal on the underlying mortgages, including any principal prepayments, are applied to the classes of a series of a CMO in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates rather than on a pro rata basis across all classes simultaneously, so that no payment of principal will be made on any class until all other classes having an earlier stated maturity or final distribution date have been paid in full. This sequential retirement structure allows the CMO to use the cash flows from the underlying collateral to create classes with short-, intermediate- and long-term maturities with corresponding risk characteristics. Principal prepayments on collateral underlying CMOs may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates.
A CMO may designate the most junior class it issues as a “residual” class (sometimes referred to as a “Z Bond”). Shareholders of this class will be entitled only to any amounts remaining after shareholders of all other classes (and any fees or expenses) have been paid in full. The amount of residual cash flow will depend on various factors including the characteristics of the underlying assets, interest rates, prepayment rates, the allocation of payments to more senior classes, and the amount of administrative expenses. Residual classes tend to have market prices and yields that are much more volatile than other mortgage-backed securities and will often be subject to greater credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk, and interest rate risk than other mortgage-backed securities. The yield to maturity on a residual class can also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. The residual class of a CMO may be subject to restrictions on transferability and, in certain circumstances, can be difficult to value.
Some CMOs may have classes that have a right to receive interest only (“IOs”) or principal only (“POs”). IOs and POs can be extremely sensitive to changes in interest rates and rates of payment on principal on the underlying collateral. IOs tend to decrease in value substantially if interest rates decline and collateral prepayment rates become more rapid. POs tend to decrease in value substantially if interest rates increase and the rate of collateral prepayment decreases. In each case, as applicable, the liquidity of IOs or POs could be significantly impaired and challenges could arise with valuing these securities. See “Stripped mortgage securities” below.
One or more classes of a CMO may have interest rates that reset periodically as adjustable-rate mortgage loans (“ARMs”) do. These adjustable rate classes are known as “floating-rate CMOs”. Floating-rate CMOs are typically issued with lifetime “caps” on the interest rate. These caps, similar to the caps on ARMs, limit a Fund’s potential to gain from rising interest rates and increase the sensitivity of the CMO’s price to interest rate changes while rates remain above the cap.
CMOs may also have classes that have a right to receive amounts that remain only after Floating Rate CMOs are paid (an “inverse floater”). Like IOs and POs, inverse floaters can be extremely sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rates on inverse floaters generally decrease when short-term interest rates increase, and generally increase when short-term interest rates decline. When interest rates change or other market conditions occur, the value of an inverse floater may increase or decrease at a multiple of the increase or decrease in the value of the underlying securities, which could cause a Fund to lose the entire value of its investment in an inverse floater.
The Funds may invest in parallel-pay and planned amortization class (“PAC”) CMOs and multi-class pass through certificates. Parallel-pay CMOs and multi-class passthrough certificates typically provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the stated maturity date or final distribution date of each class. PACs generally require payments of a specified amount of principal on each payment date. PACs are parallel-pay CMOs with the required principal amount on such securities having the highest priority after interest has been paid to all classes. Any CMO or multi-class pass through structure that includes PAC securities must also have support tranches - known as support bonds, companion bonds or non-PAC bonds - that lend or absorb principal cash flows to allow the PAC securities to maintain their stated maturities and final distribution dates within a range of actual prepayment experience. These support tranches are subject to a higher level of maturity risk compared to other mortgage-related securities, and usually provide a higher yield to compensate investors. If principal cash flows are received in amounts outside a pre-determined range such that the support bonds cannot lend or absorb sufficient cash flows to the PAC securities as intended, the PAC securities are subject to heightened maturity risk.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
All the risks applicable to a traditional MBS also apply to CMOs taken as a whole, even though certain classes of the CMO may be protected to a certain degree against a particular risk by subordinated classes. The risks associated with an investment in a particular CMO class vary substantially depending on the combination of rights associated with that class. In general, investments in subordinated classes of a CMO bear greater risks associated with MBS generally than more senior classes, be it credit risk, prepayment or extension risk (the risk of a security’s expected maturity being reduced or lengthened in duration due to a change of the timing of payment), interest rate risk, income risk, market risk, liquidity risk or any other risk associated with a debt or equity instrument with similar features to the relevant class. The more subordinated the class of CMO, the greater these risks tend to be. As a result, an investment in the most subordinated class of a CMO is often riskier than an investment in other types of MBS.
CMOs are generally required to maintain more collateral than REMICs to collateralize the CMOs being issued. Most REMICs are not subject to the same minimum collateralization requirements and may be permitted to issue the full value of their assets as securities, without reserving any amount as collateral. As a result, an investment in the subordinated classes of a REMIC may be riskier than an investment in equivalent classes of a CMO.
CMOs may be issued, guaranteed or sponsored by governmental entities or by private entities. Consequently, they involve risks similar to those of traditional MBS that have been issued, guaranteed, or sponsored by such government and/or private entities. For example, a Fund is generally exposed to a greater risk of loss due to default when investing in CMOs that have not been issued, guaranteed, or sponsored by a government entity.
Timely payment of interest and principal (but not the market value and yield) of some of these pools is supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees issued by private issuers, those who pool the mortgage assets and, in some cases, by US government agencies. There can be no assurance, however, that any such insurance or guarantee will be effective, and investors in these pools may still experience losses.
CMOs involve risks including the uncertainty of the timing of cash flows that results from the rate of prepayments on the underlying mortgages serving as collateral, and risks resulting from the structure of the particular CMO transaction and the priority of the individual tranches. The prices of some CMOs, depending on their structure and the rate of prepayments, can be volatile. Some CMOs may be less liquid than other types of MBS. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible to sell the securities at an advantageous price or time under certain circumstances. Yields on privately issued CMOs have been historically higher than the yields on CMOs issued and guaranteed by US government agencies or instrumentalities. The risk of loss due to default on privately issued CMOs, however, is historically higher since the US government has not guaranteed them.
To the extent any privately issued CMOs in which a Fund invests are considered by the SEC to be an investment company, the Funds will limit its investments in such securities in a manner consistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act, the SEC rules thereunder and exemptions thereto.
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”). CMBS are issued by special purpose entities that represent an undivided interest in a portfolio of mortgage loans backed by commercial properties. The loans are collateralized by various types of commercial property, which include, but are not limited to, multifamily housing, retail shopping centers, office space, hotels, and healthcare facilities. Private lenders, such as banks or insurance companies, originate these loans and then sell the loans directly into a CMBS trust or other entity. CMBS are subject to credit risk, prepayment risk, and extension risk. The Manager, through its careful credit analysis, attempts to address the risk of an issuer being unable to make timely payments of interest and principal. Although prepayment risk is present, it is of a lesser degree in CMBS than in the residential mortgage market.
Stripped mortgage securities. Some MBS referred to as stripped MBS are divided into classes which receive different proportions of the principal and interest payments or, in some cases, only payments of principal or interest (but not both). Other MBS referred to as net interest margin (“NIM”) securities give the investor the right to receive any excess interest earned on a pool of mortgage loans remaining after all classes and service providers have been paid in full. Stripped MBS may be issued by government or private entities. Stripped MBS issued or guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the US government are typically more liquid than privately issued stripped MBS.
Stripped MBS are usually structured with two classes, each receiving different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. In most cases, one class receives all of the interest (the interest-only or “IO” class), while the other class receives all of the principal (the principal-only or “PO” class). The return on an IO class is extremely sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the underlying mortgage assets. A rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on any IO class held by a Fund. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, a Fund may fail to recoup its initial investment fully, even if the securities are rated in the highest rating categories, AAA or Aaa, by S&P or Moody’s, respectively.
NIM securities represent a right to receive any “excess” interest computed after paying coupon costs, servicing costs and fees and any credit losses associated with the underlying pool of home equity loans. Like traditional stripped MBS, the return on a NIM security is sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the underlying home equity loans. NIM securities are highly sensitive to credit losses on the underlying collateral and the timing in which those losses are taken.
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Stripped MBS and NIM securities tend to exhibit greater market volatility in response to changes in interest rates than other types of MBS and are purchased and sold by institutional investors, such as a Fund, through investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. Some of these securities may be deemed “illiquid” and therefore subject to a Fund’s limitation on investment in illiquid investments and the risks associated with illiquidity.
Mortgage loan and home equity loan pools offering pass-through investments in addition to those described above may be created in the future. The mortgages underlying these securities may be alternative mortgage instruments, that is, mortgage instruments whose principal or interest payments may vary or whose terms to maturity may differ from customary long-term, fixed-rate mortgages. As new types of mortgage and home equity loan securities are developed and offered to investors, a Fund may invest in them if they are consistent with the Funds’ goals, policies and quality standards.
Additional risks. In addition to the special risks described below, MBS are subject to many of the same risks as other types of debt securities. The market value of MBS, like other debt securities, will generally vary inversely with changes in market interest rates, declining when interest rates rise and rising when interest rates decline. MBS differ from conventional debt securities in that most MBS are pass-through securities. This means that they typically provide investors with periodic payments (typically monthly) consisting of a pro rata share of both regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool (net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities and any applicable loan servicing fees). As a result, the holder of the MBS (i.e., a Fund) receives scheduled payments of principal and interest and may receive unscheduled principal payments representing prepayments on the underlying mortgages. The rate of prepayments on the underlying mortgages generally increases as interest rates decline, and when a Fund reinvests the payments and any unscheduled prepayments of principal it receives, it may receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the existing MBS. For this reason, pass-through MBS may have less potential for capital appreciation as interest rates decline and may be less effective than other types of US government or other debt securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates. In general, fixed rate MBS have greater exposure to this “prepayment risk” than variable rate securities.
An unexpected rise in interest rates could extend the average life of an MBS because of a lower than expected level of prepayments or higher than expected amounts of late payments or defaults. In addition, to the extent MBS are purchased at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and unscheduled principal prepayments may result in some loss of the holder’s principal investment to the extent of the premium paid. On the other hand, if MBS are purchased at a discount, both a scheduled payment of principal and an unscheduled prepayment of principal will increase current and total returns and will accelerate the recognition of income that, when distributed to shareholders, will generally be treated as ordinary income. Regulatory or tax changes may also adversely affect the MBS market as a whole.
Guarantees. The existence of a guarantee or other form of credit support on an MBS usually increases the price that a Fund pays for the security. There is always the risk that the guarantor will default on its obligations. When the guarantor is the US government, there is minimal risk of guarantor default. However, the risk remains if the credit support or guarantee is provided by a private party or a US government agency or sponsored enterprise. Even if the guarantor meets its obligations, there can be no assurance that the type of guarantee or credit support provided will be effective at reducing losses or delays to investors, given the nature of the default. A guarantee only assures timely payment of interest and principal, not a particular rate of return on a Fund’s investment or protection against prepayment or other risks. The market price and yield of the MBS at any given time are not guaranteed and are likely to fluctuate.
Municipal Obligations
Municipal obligations are issued by a wide range of state and local governments, agencies and authorities for various purposes. The two main kinds of municipal bonds are general obligation bonds and revenue bonds. The issuer of a general obligation bond has pledged its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest on the bond. Revenue bonds are payable only from specific sources; these may include revenues from a particular facility or class of facilities or special tax or other revenue source. Private activity bonds (“PABs”) are revenue bonds issued by or on behalf of public authorities to obtain funds to finance privately operated facilities. Their credit quality usually is directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facilities being financed.
Natural Resources and Physical Commodities
When a Fund invests in securities of companies engaged in natural resources activities, the Fund may be subject to greater risks and market fluctuations than funds with more diversified portfolios. The value of the Fund’s securities will fluctuate in response to market conditions generally, and will be particularly sensitive to the markets for those natural resources in which a particular issuer is involved. The values of natural resources also may fluctuate directly with respect to real and perceived inflationary trends and various political developments. In selecting the Fund’s investments, the Manager will consider each company’s ability to create new products, secure any necessary regulatory approvals, and generate sufficient customer demand. A company’s failure to perform well in any one of these areas, however, could cause its stock to decline sharply.
Natural resource industries throughout the world may be subject to greater political, environmental and other governmental regulation than many other industries. Changes in governmental policies and the need for regulatory approvals may have an adverse effect on the products and services of natural resources companies. For example, the exploration, development and distribution of coal, oil and gas in the US are subject to significant federal and state regulation, which may affect rates of return on such investments and the kinds of services that may be offered to companies in
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Investment Strategies and Risks
those industries. In addition, many natural resource companies have been subject to significant costs associated with compliance with environmental and other safety regulations. Such regulations also may hamper the development of new technologies. The direction, type or effect of any future regulations affecting natural resource industries are virtually impossible to predict.
Generally, energy commodities, such as coal, natural gas and crude oil, have distinctly higher volatility than other types of commodities, due in part to real time pricing and cross-commodity arbitrage described below. In purchasing related securities, the Manager considers the integration of derivatives and physical trades for risk management in a real-time environment. As well, scheduling receipts, deliveries and transmission of a commodity can all impact investments in commodities.
Energy commodities have unique market risks and physical properties which can affect the available supply. Factors unique to energy commodities include: research and development, location, recovery costs, transportation costs, conversion costs and storage costs, as well as global demand and other events that can affect demand such as war, weather and alternative energy sources. Natural gas and crude oil are especially susceptible to changes in supply and global demand. For example, global oil prices recently have been, and continue to be, subject to extreme market volatility. An investor in commodities must be able to manage cross-commodity arbitrage, that is, the ability to determine positions stated in equivalent units of measure (e.g., British thermal units). When assessing an investment opportunity — in coal, natural gas or crude oil — this calculation can be critical in determining the success an investor has when calculating how a trade breaks down into a single common denominator. Coal tolling, for instance, involves the conversion of coal to electricity for a fee. The tolling of coal gives marketers, suppliers and generators another arbitrage opportunity if there is a disparity between coal and electricity prices while providing some added liquidity between the two commodities.
Principal risks of investing in certain types of commodities include:
| | cross-commodity arbitrage can negatively impact a Fund’s investments; |
| | fluctuations in demand can negatively impact individual commodities: alternative sources of energy can create unforeseen competition; changes in weather can negatively affect demand; and global production can alter demand and the need for specific sources of energy; |
| | fluctuations in supply can negatively impact individual commodities: transportation costs, research and development, location, recovery/retrieval costs, conversion costs, storage costs and natural disasters can all adversely impact different investments and types of energy; |
| | environmental restrictions can increase costs of production; |
| | restrictions placed by the government of a developing country related to investment, exchange controls, and repatriation of the proceeds of investment in that country; and |
| | war can limit production or access to available supplies and/or resources. |
Investments in precious metals (such as gold) and other physical commodities are considered speculative and subject to special risk considerations, including substantial price fluctuations over short periods of time, as well as increasing regulation. On the other hand, investments in precious metals, coins or bullion could help to moderate fluctuations in the value of a Fund’s holdings, since the prices of precious metals have at times tended not to fluctuate as widely as shares of issuers engaged in the mining of precious metals.
Because precious metals and other commodities do not generate investment income, the return on such investments will be derived solely from the appreciation or depreciation on such investments. A Fund also may incur storage and other costs relating to its investments in precious metals and other commodities, which may, under certain circumstances, exceed custodial and brokerage costs associated with investments in other types of securities. When a Fund purchases a precious metal or other physical commodity, the Manager currently intends that it will only be in a form that is readily marketable. To continue to qualify as a RIC under the Code, a Fund may not derive more than 10% of its yearly gross income from gains (without regard to losses) resulting from selling or otherwise disposing of precious metals or any other physical commodity (or options or futures contracts thereon unless the gain is realized from certain hedging transactions) and other “non-qualifying income.” See “Distributions and Taxes – Taxes – Investment in a Subsidiary.” Accordingly, a Fund may be required to hold its precious metals or sell them at a loss, or to sell some portfolio securities at a gain, when, for investment reasons, it would not otherwise do so. Certain Funds seek to increase their exposure to commodities, including precious metals, derivatives and commodity-linked instruments, through investments in wholly-owned and controlled Cayman Islands subsidiaries. See “Investment in a Subsidiary” below.
The ability of a Fund to purchase and hold precious metals such as gold, silver and platinum may allow it to benefit from a potential increase in the price of precious metals or stability in the price of such metals at a time when the value of securities may be declining. For example, during periods of declining stock prices, the price of gold may increase or remain stable, while the value of the stock market may be subject to general decline.
Precious metal prices are affected by various factors, such as economic conditions, political events and monetary policies. As a result, the prices of gold, silver or platinum may fluctuate widely. The sole source of return to a Fund from such investments will be gains realized on their sale; a negative return will be realized if the metal is sold at a loss. Investments in precious metals do not provide a yield. A Fund’s direct investment in precious metals is limited by tax considerations. See “Distributions and Taxes – Taxes.”
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Options, Futures and Other Derivatives Strategies
General. Subject to a Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Manager may use certain options, futures contracts (sometimes referred to as futures), options on futures contracts, forward currency contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars, indexed securities and other derivatives instruments (collectively, Financial Instruments) in an attempt to enhance income or yield, to hedge, to gain exposure to securities, sectors or geographical areas or to otherwise manage the risks of a Fund’s investments.
Generally, each Fund may purchase and sell any type of Financial Instrument. However, as an operating policy, a Fund will only purchase or sell a particular Financial Instrument if the Fund is authorized to invest in the type of asset by which the return on, or value of, the Financial Instrument primarily is measured. Since each Fund is authorized to invest in foreign securities denominated in other currencies, each such Fund may purchase and sell foreign currency derivatives.
Hedging strategies can be broadly categorized as short hedges and long hedges. A short hedge is a purchase or sale of a Financial Instrument intended partially or fully to offset potential declines in the value of one or more investments held in a Fund’s portfolio. Thus, in a short hedge, the Fund takes a position in a Financial Instrument whose price is expected to move in the opposite direction of the price of the investment being hedged.
Conversely, a long hedge is a purchase or sale of a Financial Instrument intended partially or fully to offset potential increases in the acquisition cost of one or more investments that a Fund intends to acquire. Thus, in a long hedge, the Fund takes a position in a Financial Instrument whose price is expected to move in the same direction as the price of the prospective investment being hedged. A long hedge is sometimes referred to as an anticipatory hedge. In an anticipatory hedge transaction, a Fund does not own a corresponding security. Therefore, the transaction relates to a security that the Fund intends to acquire. If the Fund does not complete the hedge by purchasing the security it anticipated purchasing, the effect on the Fund’s holdings is the same as if the underlying security had been purchased and later sold, and the transaction could be viewed as speculative.
Financial Instruments involving underlying securities may be used in an attempt to hedge against price movements in one or more particular securities positions that a Fund owns or intends to acquire. Financial Instruments involving underlying indexes, in contrast, may be used in an attempt to hedge against price movements in market sectors in which a Fund has invested or expects to invest, respectively. Financial Instruments involving underlying debt securities may be used in an attempt to hedge either individual securities or broad debt market sectors.
In addition, Financial Instruments also may be used in seeking to gain exposure to securities, sectors, markets or geographical areas. Financial Instruments can be used individually, as in the purchase of a call option, or in combination, as in the purchase of a call option and a concurrent sale of a put option, as an alternative to purchasing securities.
Financial Instruments may be used in this manner in seeking to gain exposure more efficiently than through a direct purchase of the underlying security or to more specifically express the outlook of the Manager.
The enactment of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) resulted in historic and comprehensive statutory reform of certain OTC derivatives, including the manner in which the derivatives are regulated, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed or “cleared.”
Specifically, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously traded OTC, be executed in a regulated, transparent market and settled by means of a central clearing house. To date, the CFTC has designated only certain of the most common types of credit default index swaps and interest rate swaps as subject to mandatory clearing and certain public trading facilities have made certain of those cleared swaps available to trade, but it is expected that additional categories of swaps will in the future be designated as subject to mandatory clearing and trade execution requirements. Central clearing is intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity, but, central clearing does not eliminate these risks and may involve additional costs and risks not involved with uncleared swaps. The assets of a Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of the futures commission merchant (“FCM”) or central counterparty because the Fund might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s customers. Credit risk of cleared swap participants is concentrated in a few clearinghouses, and the consequences of insolvency of a clearinghouse are not clear.
In addition, the banking regulators and the CFTC have issued regulations requiring the posting of initial and variation margin for uncleared swaps that are applicable to all financial end-users, including the Funds.
The regulation of derivatives is a rapidly changing area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. In addition, the SEC, CFTC and the exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of a market emergency, including, for example, the implementation or reduction of speculative position limits, the implementation of higher margin requirements, the establishment of daily price limits and the suspension of trading. It is not possible to predict fully the effects of current or future regulation. Changing regulation may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivatives transactions, restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund’s ability to pursue its investment strategies. New requirements, even if not directly applicable to the Funds, may increase the cost of the Funds’ investments and cost of doing business.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
In 2012, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exemptions, from registration as a “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”) under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”). Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the- money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund’s liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund’s liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Manager has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CEA and the regulations thereunder. In addition, the Manager is exempt from registration as a commodity trading advisor and provides commodity interest trading advice to the Funds in reliance upon applicable exemptions from registration under the Commodity Exchange Act.
In addition to complying with these de minimis trading limitations set forth in the CFTC Rule 4.5 under the CPO rules, to qualify for an exclusion under the amended regulation, the operator of a Fund must satisfy a marketing test, which requires, among other things, that the Fund not hold itself out as a vehicle for trading commodity interests. Complying with the de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager’s ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund’s investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund’s investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund’s performance could be adversely affected. In addition, a Fund’s ability to use Financial Instruments may be limited by tax considerations. See “Distributions and Taxes – Taxes.”
Pursuant to authority granted under the Dodd-Frank Act, the Treasury issued a notice of final determination (“Final Determination”) stating that deliverable foreign exchange forwards, as defined in the Final Determination, should not be considered swaps for most purposes. Thus, deliverable foreign exchange forwards are not deemed to be commodity interests. Therefore, a Fund may enter into deliverable foreign exchange forwards without such transactions counting against the de minimis trading limitations discussed above. Notwithstanding the Treasury’s determination, deliverable foreign exchange forwards (1) must be reported to swap data repositories, (2) are subject to business conduct standards, and (3) are subject to antifraud and anti-manipulation proscriptions of swap execution facilities.
In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act and regulations adopted by the CFTC in connection with implementing the Dodd-Frank Act, non-deliverable forwards (“NDFs”) are deemed to be commodity interests, including for purposes of amended CFTC Rule 4.5, and are subject to the full array of regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act. Therefore, a Fund will limit its investment in NDFs as discussed above.
CFTC Rule 4.5 also provides that, for purposes of determining compliance with the de minimis trading limitations discussed above, swaps that are centrally-cleared on the same clearing organization may be netted where appropriate, but no such netting is permitted for uncleared swaps. To the extent some NDFs remain traded OTC and are not centrally- cleared, the absolute notional value of all such transactions, rather than the net notional value, would be counted against the de minimis trading limitations discussed above.
In addition to the instruments, strategies and risks described below, the Manager expects to discover additional opportunities in connection with Financial Instruments and other similar or related techniques. These new opportunities may become available as new techniques are developed, as regulatory authorities broaden the range of permitted transactions and as new Financial Instruments or other techniques are developed. The Manager may utilize these opportunities to the extent that they are consistent with a Fund’s objective(s) and permitted by a Fund’s investment policies and restrictions and regulations adopted by applicable regulatory authorities. A Fund might not use any of these strategies, and there can be no assurance that any strategy used will succeed. The Prospectus or this SAI will be supplemented to the extent that new products or techniques involve materially different risks than those described below or in the Prospectus.
Special Risks. The use of Financial Instruments involves special considerations and risks, certain of which are described below. Some of these techniques may increase the volatility of a Fund and may involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of the risk assumed. Risks pertaining to particular Financial Instruments are described in the sections that follow:
1. Successful use of certain Financial Instruments depends upon the ability of the Manager to predict movements of the overall securities, currency and interest rate markets, among other skills. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy will succeed, and the use of Financial Instruments could result in a loss, regardless of whether the intent was to reduce risk or increase return.
2. There might be imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of a Financial Instrument and price movements of the investments being hedged. For example, if the value of a Financial Instrument used in a short hedge increased by less than the decline in value of the hedged investment, the hedge would not be fully successful. Such a lack of correlation might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculation in the market or other pressures on the markets in which Financial Instruments are traded. The effectiveness of hedges using Financial Instruments on underlying indexes will depend on the degree of correlation between price movements in the index and price movements in the securities being hedged.
Because there are a limited number of types of exchange-traded options and futures contracts, the standardized contracts available may not match a Fund’s current or anticipated investments exactly. A Fund may invest in options and futures contracts based on securities, indexes or other instruments with different issuers, maturities, or other characteristics from the securities in which it typically invests, which involves a risk that the
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options or futures position will not perfectly correlate with the performance of a Fund’s other investments. Options and futures prices also can diverge from the prices of their underlying instruments, even if the underlying instruments match a Fund’s investments well. Options and futures prices are affected by such factors as changes in volatility of the underlying instrument, the time remaining until expiration of the contract, and current and anticipated short-term interest rates, which may not affect security prices the same way. Imperfect correlation also may result from differing levels of demand in the options and futures markets and the securities markets, from structural differences in how options and futures and securities are traded, and/or from imposition of daily price fluctuation limits or trading halts. A Fund may purchase or sell options and futures contracts with a greater or lesser value than the securities it wishes to hedge or intends to purchase in order to attempt to compensate for differences in volatility between the contract and the securities, although this may not be successful in all cases. If price changes in a Fund’s options or futures positions are poorly correlated with its other investments, the positions may fail to produce anticipated gains or result in losses that are not offset by gains in other investments.
3. If successful, the above-discussed strategies can reduce risk of loss by wholly or partially offsetting the negative effect of unfavorable price movements. However, such strategies also can reduce opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements. For example, if a Fund entered into a short hedge because the Manager projected a decline in the price of a security in a Fund’s portfolio, and the price of that security increased instead, the gain from that increase might be wholly or partially offset by a decline in the price of the Financial Instrument. Moreover, if the price of the Financial Instrument declined by more than the increase in the price of the security, the Fund could suffer a loss. In either such case, the Fund would have been in a better position had it not attempted to hedge at all.
4. As described below, a Fund might be required to maintain assets as cover, maintain segregated accounts or make margin payments when it takes positions in Financial Instruments involving obligations to third parties unless regulatory relief from restrictions applies. If the Fund were unable to close out its positions in such Financial Instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expired or matured. These requirements may require that a Fund sell portfolio securities at a disadvantageous time in order to meet such obligations, and could cause the Fund to incur losses.
5. A Fund’s ability to close out a position in a Financial Instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends on the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the other party to the transaction (counterparty) to enter into a transaction closing out the position. Therefore, there is no assurance that any position can be closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund.
6. Certain Financial Instruments, including options, futures contracts, combined positions and swaps, can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund’s investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that Financial Instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Certain Financial Instruments also may require cash outlays that are only a small portion of the amount of exposure obtained through the Financial Instruments, which results in a form of leverage. Although leverage creates the opportunity for increased total return, it also can create investment exposure for a Fund that, in certain circumstances, could exceed the Fund’s net assets and could alter the risk profile of the Fund in unanticipated ways.
7. When traded on foreign exchanges, Financial Instruments may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments. The value of positions taken as part of non-US Financial Instruments also could be adversely affected by: (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors; (ii) lesser availability of data on which to make trading decisions than in the United States; (iii) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States; (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States; and (v) lower trading volume and liquidity.
Options. A call option gives the purchaser the right, but not the obligation, to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, the underlying investment at the agreed-upon price during the option period. A put option gives the purchaser the right, but not the obligation, to sell, and obligates the writer to buy, the underlying investment at the agreed-upon price during the option period. Purchasers of options pay an amount, known as a premium, to the option writer in exchange for the right under the option contract. Options are traded on an organized, liquid exchange or in the OTC market.
The purchase of call options can serve as a long hedge, and the purchase of put options can serve as a short hedge. Writing put or call options can enable a Fund to enhance income or yield by reason of the premiums paid by the purchasers of such options.
Writing call options can serve as a limited short hedge, because declines in the value of the hedged investment would be offset to the extent of the premium received for writing the option. However, if the security or currency appreciates to a price higher than the exercise price of the call option, it can be expected that the option will be exercised and a Fund will be obligated to sell the security or currency at less than its market value.
Writing put options can serve as a limited long hedge because increases in the value of the hedged investment would be offset to the extent of the premium received for writing the option. However, if the security or currency depreciates to a price lower than the exercise price of the put option, it can be expected that the put option will be exercised and the Fund will be obligated to purchase the security or currency at more than its market value, which would be expected to result in a loss.
The value of an option position will reflect, among other things, the current market value of the underlying investment, the time remaining until expiration, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price of the underlying investment, the anticipated future price volatility of the underlying investment and general market conditions. Purchased options that expire unexercised have no value.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
A Fund may effectively terminate its right or obligation under an option by entering into a closing transaction. For example, a Fund may terminate its obligation under a call or put option that it had written by purchasing the call or put option; this is known as a closing purchase transaction. Conversely, a Fund may terminate a position in a put or call option it had purchased by selling the put or call option; this is known as a closing sale transaction. Closing transactions permit a Fund to realize profits or limit losses on an option position prior to its exercise or expiration.
A type of put that a Fund may purchase is an optional delivery standby commitment, which is entered into by parties selling debt securities to the Fund. An optional delivery standby commitment gives the Fund the right to sell the security back to the seller on specified terms. This right is provided as an inducement to purchase the security.
Risks of Options on Securities. Options can offer large amounts of leverage, which may result in a Fund’s NAV being more sensitive to changes in the value of the related instrument. Each Fund may purchase or write both options that are traded on domestic and foreign exchanges and OTC options. Exchange-traded options on securities in the United States are issued by the Options Clearing Corporation that, in effect, guarantees completion of every exchange-traded option transaction. In contrast, OTC options are contracts between a Fund and its counterparty (usually a securities dealer or a bank) with no clearing organization guarantee. Thus, when a Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counterparty from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option. Failure by the counterparty to do so could result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction. A Fund seeks to mitigate this risk by entering into a bilateral credit support arrangement with the counterparty, which requires the posting of collateral to cover the market value of purchased options, which would mitigate the possibility of losing any premium paid by a Fund, as well as any loss of expected benefit of the transaction.
A Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-listed options depends on the existence of a liquid market, and there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. Closing transactions can be made for OTC options only by negotiating directly with the counterparty, or by negotiating with a different counterparty willing to take the Fund’s place in the contract, called a novation. There can be no assurance that a Fund will in fact be able to close out an OTC option position at a favorable price prior to expiration. In the event of insolvency of the counterparty, the Fund would be able to terminate the position held with such counterparty; but, due to insolvency proceedings, might incur a significant delay in recovering any amounts owed to the Fund.
If a Fund were unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction or an economically offsetting purchase transaction from another counterparty for a covered call option written by a Fund could cause material losses to such Fund because the Fund would, if unable to substitute other collateral, be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.
Options on Indexes. Puts and calls on indexes are similar to puts and calls on securities or futures contracts except that all settlements are in cash and gain or loss depends on changes in the index in question rather than on price movements in individual securities or futures contracts. When a Fund writes a call on an index, it receives a premium and agrees that the purchaser of the call, upon exercise of the call, will receive from the Fund an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the call is based is greater than the exercise price of the call. The amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the call times a specified multiple (multiplier), which determines the total dollar value for each point of such difference. When a Fund buys a call on an index, it pays a premium and has the same rights as to such call as are indicated above. When a Fund buys a put on an index, it pays a premium and has the right to require the seller of the put, upon the Fund’s exercise of the put, to deliver to the Fund an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the put is based is less than the exercise price of the put, which amount of cash is determined by the multiplier, as described above for calls. When a Fund writes a put on an index, it receives a premium and the purchaser of the put has the right to require the Fund to deliver to the purchaser an amount of cash equal to the difference between the closing level of the index and the exercise price times the multiplier if the closing level is less than the exercise price. The timing of the right of an option owner to exercise the option depends on the type of option and negotiations between the purchaser and seller.
Risks of Options on Indexes. The risks of investment in options on indexes may be greater than options on securities. Because index options are settled in cash, when a Fund writes a call on an index, it cannot provide in advance for its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the underlying securities. A Fund can offset some of the risk of writing a call index option by holding a diversified portfolio of securities similar to those on which the underlying index is based. However, a Fund cannot, as a practical matter, acquire and hold a portfolio containing exactly the same securities as underlie the index and, as a result, bears a risk that the value of the securities held will vary from the value of the index.
Even if a Fund could assemble a portfolio that exactly reproduced the composition of the underlying index, it still would not be fully covered from a risk standpoint because of the timing risk inherent in writing index options. When an index option is exercised, the amount of cash that the holder is entitled to receive is determined by the difference between the exercise price and the closing index level on the date when the option is exercised. This timing risk is an inherent limitation on the ability of index call option writers to cover their risk exposure by holding securities positions.
OTC Options. Unlike exchange-traded options, which are standardized with respect to the underlying instrument, expiration date, contract size and strike price, the terms of OTC options (options not traded on an exchange) typically are established by a Fund, and negotiated with a counterparty, prior to entering into the option contract. While this type of arrangement allows a Fund the flexibility to tailor the option to its needs, OTC options involve counterparty risk that is not applicable to exchange-traded options, which are guaranteed by the clearing organization of the exchange where they are traded. Some of a Fund’s counterparties are guaranteed by their parent holding companies with respect to that counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC trades (like OTC options). This helps to mitigate such counterparty risk.
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Generally, OTC foreign currency options used by a Fund are European-style options. This means that the option is only exercisable at its expiration. This is in contrast to American-style options, which are exercisable at any time prior to the expiration date of the option.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. Generally, a futures contract is a standardized agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date in the future. The purchase of futures contracts or call options on futures contracts can serve as a long hedge, and the sale of futures contracts or the purchase of put options on a futures contract can serve as a short hedge. Writing call options on futures contracts can serve as a limited short hedge, using a strategy similar to that used for writing call options on securities or indexes. Similarly, writing put options on futures contracts can serve as a limited long hedge. Futures contracts and options on futures contracts also can be purchased and sold to attempt to enhance income or yield.
In addition, futures contract strategies can be used to manage the average duration of a Fund’s fixed-income holdings. If the Manager wishes to shorten the average duration of a Fund’s fixed-income holdings, the Fund may sell a debt futures contract or a call option thereon, or purchase a put option on that futures contract. If the Manager wishes to lengthen the average duration of a Fund’s fixed-income holdings, the Fund may buy a debt futures contract or a call option thereon, or sell a put option thereon.
No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Instead, at the inception of a futures contract a Fund is required to deposit initial margin that typically is calculated as an amount equal to the volatility in market value of a contract over a fixed period. Initial margin requirements are determined by the respective exchanges on which the futures contracts are traded and the FCM. Margin also must be deposited when writing a call or put option on a futures contract, in accordance with applicable exchange rules. Unlike margin in securities transactions, initial margin on futures contracts and options thereon does not represent a borrowing, but rather is in the nature of a performance bond or good-faith deposit that is returned to the Fund at the termination of the transaction if all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Under certain circumstances, such as periods of high volatility, a Fund may be required by an exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment, and initial margin requirements might be increased generally in the future by regulatory action.
Subsequent variation margin payments are made to and from the FCM daily as the value of the futures position varies, a process known as marking-to-market. Variation margin does not involve borrowing, but rather represents a daily settlement of a Fund’s obligations to or from an FCM. When a Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, the premium paid plus transaction costs is all that is at risk. In contrast, when a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract or writes a call or put option thereon, it is subject to daily variation margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. If a Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous.
Purchasers and sellers of futures contracts and options on futures contracts can enter into offsetting closing transactions, similar to closing transactions on options, by selling or purchasing the instrument purchased or sold. Positions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board of trade that provides a market for such contracts and options. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist for a particular contract at a particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures contract or options position.
Under certain circumstances, futures exchanges may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or an option on a futures contract can vary from the previous day’s settlement price; once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions. In addition, the CFTC and various exchanges have established limits referred to as “speculative position limits” or “accountability levels” on the maximum net long or net short position that any person, such as a Fund, may hold or control in a particular futures contract or option thereon. For more information, see “Speculative Position Limits.”
If a Fund were unable to liquidate a futures contract or an option on a futures position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses. The Fund would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position. In addition, except in the case of purchased options, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments and might be required to maintain the position being hedged by the futures contract or option or to maintain cash or liquid assets in an account.
Risks of Futures Contracts and Options. The purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses to a Fund in excess of the amount that the Fund delivered as initial margin. Because of the relatively low margin deposits required, futures trading involves a high degree of leverage; as a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss, or gain, to a Fund. There also is a risk of loss by a Fund of the initial and variation margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of the FCM with which the Fund has an open position in a futures contract. The assets of a Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of the FCM or central counterparty because the Fund might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s customers. If an FCM does not provide accurate reporting, a Fund also is subject to the risk that the FCM could use the Fund’s assets, which are held in an omnibus account with assets belonging to the FCM’s other customers, to satisfy its own financial obligations or the payment obligations of another customer.
Futures contracts that are traded on non-US exchanges may not be as liquid as those purchased on CFTC-designated contract markets. In addition, non-US futures contracts may be subject to varied regulatory oversight. The price of any non-US futures contract and, therefore, the potential profit and loss thereon, may be affected by any change in the non-US exchange rate between the time a particular order is placed and the time it is liquidated, offset or exercised.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
The amount of risk a Fund assumes when it purchases an option on a futures contract is the premium paid for the option plus related transaction costs. The purchase of an option also entails the risk that changes in the value of the underlying futures contract will not be fully reflected in the value of the option purchased. When a Fund sells (writes) an option on a futures contract, the Fund is subject to the risk of having to take a possibly adverse futures position if the purchaser of the option exercises its rights. If a Fund were required to take such a position, it could bear substantial losses.
The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets (including the options on futures contracts market), due to differences in the natures of those markets, are subject to the following factors, which may create distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions, which could distort the normal relationship between the cash and futures markets. Second, in the case of a physically settled futures contract, the liquidity of the futures market depends on participants entering into offsetting transactions rather than making or taking delivery. To the extent participants decide to make or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced, thus producing distortion. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of distortion, a correct forecast of general interest rate, currency exchange rate or stock market trends by the Manager still may not result in a successful transaction. The Manager may be incorrect in its expectations as to the extent of various interest rate, currency exchange rate or stock market movements or the time span within which the movements take place.
Index Futures. When a Fund utilizes an index futures contract in an attempt to hedge, the risk of imperfect correlation between movements in the price of an index futures contract and movements in the price of the securities that are the subject of the hedge increases as the composition of the Fund’s portfolio diverges from the securities included in the applicable index. The price of the index futures contract may move more than or less than the price of the securities being hedged. If the price of the index futures contract moves less than the price of the securities that are the subject of the hedge, the hedge will not be fully effective but, if the price of the securities being hedged has moved in an unfavorable direction, the Fund would be in a better position than if it had not hedged at all. If the price of the securities being hedged has moved in a favorable direction, this advantage will be partially offset by the futures contract. If the price of the futures contract moves more than the price of the securities, the Fund will experience either a loss or a gain on the futures contract that will not be completely offset by movements in the price of the securities that are the subject of the hedge. To compensate for the imperfect correlation of movements in the price of the securities being hedged and movements in the price of the index futures contract, a Fund may buy or sell index futures contracts in a greater or lesser dollar amount than the dollar amount of the securities being hedged if the historical volatility of the prices of the securities being hedged is more than the historical volatility of the prices of the securities included in the index.
It also is possible that, where a Fund has sold index futures contracts in an attempt to hedge against a decline in the market, the market may advance and the value of the securities held in the portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the Fund would lose money on the futures contract and also experience a decline in value of its portfolio securities. However, while this could occur for a very brief period or to a very small degree, over time the value of a diversified portfolio of securities will tend to move in the same direction as the market indexes on which the futures contracts are based.
Where index futures contracts are purchased in an attempt to hedge against a possible increase in the price of securities before a Fund is able to invest in them in an orderly fashion, it is possible that the market may decline instead. If a Fund then concludes not to invest in them at that time because of concern as to possible further market decline or for other reasons, it will realize a loss on the futures contract that is not offset by a reduction in the price of the securities it had anticipated purchasing.
Foreign Currency Hedging Strategies — Special Considerations. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may use options and futures contracts on foreign currencies (including the euro), as described above, and forward foreign currency contracts (forward currency contracts), as described below, in an attempt to hedge against movements in the values of the foreign currencies in which the Fund’s securities are denominated or in an attempt to enhance income or yield. Currency hedges can protect against price movements in a security that a Fund owns or intends to acquire that are attributable to changes in the value of the currency in which it is denominated. Such hedges do not, however, protect against price movements in the securities that are attributable to other causes.
A Fund might seek to hedge against changes in the value of a particular currency when no Financial Instruments on that currency are available or such Financial Instruments are more expensive than certain other Financial Instruments. In such cases, the Fund may seek to hedge against price movements in that currency by entering into transactions using Financial Instruments on another currency or a basket of currencies, the values of which the Manager believes will have a high degree of positive correlation to the value of the currency being hedged. The risk that movements in the price of the Financial Instrument will not correlate perfectly with movements in the price of the currency subject to the hedging transaction is magnified when this strategy is used.
The value of Financial Instruments on foreign currencies depends on the value of the underlying currency relative to the US dollar.
There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, round-the-clock market. To the extent the US options or futures markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements might take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the markets for the Financial Instruments until they reopen.
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Settlement of transactions involving foreign currencies might be required to take place within the country issuing the underlying currency. Thus, a Fund might be required to accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency in accordance with any US or foreign regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by US residents and might be required to pay any fees, taxes and charges associated with such delivery assessed in the issuing country.
Forward Currency Contracts. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may enter into forward currency contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies for a fixed amount of US dollars or another foreign currency. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days (term) from the date of the forward currency contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the entry into the forward currency contract. These forward currency contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Such transactions may serve as long hedges; for example, a Fund may purchase a forward currency contract to lock in the US dollar price of a security denominated in a foreign currency that the Fund intends to acquire. Forward currency contract transactions also may serve as short hedges; for example, a Fund may sell a forward currency contract to lock in the US dollar equivalent of the proceeds from the anticipated sale of a security or a dividend or interest payment denominated in a foreign currency.
A Fund also may use forward currency contracts in an attempt to hedge against a decline in the value of existing investments denominated in foreign currency. For example, if the Fund owned securities denominated in euros, it could enter into a forward currency contract to sell euros in return for US dollars to hedge against possible declines in the euro’s value. Such a hedge, sometimes referred to as a position hedge, would tend to offset both positive and negative currency fluctuations, but would not offset changes in security values caused by other factors. The Fund also could hedge the position by selling another currency expected to perform similarly to the euro. This type of hedge, sometimes referred to as a proxy hedge, could offer advantages in terms of cost, yield or efficiency, but generally would not hedge currency exposure as effectively as a simple hedge into US dollars. Proxy hedges may result in losses if the currency used to hedge does not perform similarly to the currency in which the hedged securities are denominated.
A Fund also may use forward currency contracts in an attempt to enhance income or yield. The Fund could use forward currency contracts to increase its exposure to foreign currencies that the Manager believes might rise in value relative to the US dollar, or shift its exposure to foreign currency fluctuations from one country to another. For example, if the Fund owned securities denominated in a foreign currency and the Manager believed that currency would decline relative to another currency, it might enter into a forward currency contract to sell an appropriate amount of the first foreign currency, with payment to be made in the second foreign currency. This is accomplished through contractual agreements to purchase or sell a specified currency at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract.
Forward currency contracts are currently individually negotiated and privately traded by currency traders and their customers. These forward currency contracts may involve the sale of US dollars and the purchase of a foreign currency, or may be foreign cross-currency contracts involving the sale of one foreign currency and the purchase of another foreign currency; such foreign cross-currency contracts may be considered a hedging rather than a speculative strategy if the Fund’s commitment to purchase the new (more favorable) currency is limited to the market value of the Fund’s securities denominated in the old (less favorable) currency. The prediction of currency movements is extremely difficult and the successful execution of a speculative strategy is highly uncertain.
The cost to a Fund of engaging in forward currency contracts varies with factors such as the currency involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing.
As is the case with futures contracts, purchasers and sellers of forward currency contracts can enter into offsetting closing transactions by selling or purchasing, respectively, an instrument identical to the instrument purchased or sold. Currently, secondary markets generally do not exist for forward currency contracts. Closing transactions generally can be made for forward currency contracts by negotiating directly with the counterparty or by entering an offsetting transaction with a second counterparty. There can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to close out a forward currency contract at a favorable price prior to maturity and, in such cases, the Fund would continue to be subject to market currency risk with respect to the position, and may continue to be required to maintain a position in securities denominated in the foreign currency or to maintain cash or liquid assets in an account. In addition, in the event of insolvency of the counterparty, the Fund might be unable to promptly terminate the position held with such counterparty and might incur a significant delay in recovering any amounts owed to the Fund. Even if the Fund entered an offsetting transaction with a second counterparty, the Fund would continue to be subject to settlement risk relating to the transaction with the insolvent counterparty.
The precise matching of forward currency contract amounts and the value of the securities involved generally will not be possible because the value of such securities, measured in the foreign currency, will change after the forward currency contract has been established. Thus, a Fund might need to purchase or sell foreign currencies in the spot (cash) market to the extent such foreign currencies are not covered by forward currency contracts. The projection of short-term currency market movements is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain.
Normally, consideration of the prospect for currency parities will be incorporated into the longer-term investment decisions made with regard to overall diversification strategies. However, the Manager believes that it is important to have the flexibility to enter into such forward currency contracts when it determines that the best interests of a Fund will be served.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Successful use of forward currency contracts depends on the skill of the Manager in analyzing and predicting currency values. Forward currency contracts may substantially change a Fund’s exposure to changes in currency exchange rates and could result in losses to the Fund if currencies do not perform as the Manager anticipates. There is no assurance that the Manager’s use of forward currency contracts will be advantageous to a Fund or that the Manager will hedge at an appropriate time.
Forward currency contracts in which a Fund may engage include deliverable foreign exchange forwards. A deliverable foreign exchange forward contract provides for the actual exchange of the principal amounts of the two currencies in the contract (i.e., settlement on a physical basis). Foreign exchange forwards typically are traded in the interbank market directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Foreign exchange dealers realize a profit based on the difference (the spread) between the prices at which they are buying and the prices at which they are selling various currencies. A Fund also may be required to pay certain commissions. When a Fund enters into a deliverable foreign exchange forward, it relies on the counterparty to make or take delivery of the underlying currency at the maturity of the contract. Failure by the counterparty to do so would result in the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction.
A Fund may be required to obtain the currency that it must deliver under the foreign exchange forward through the sale of portfolio securities denominated in such currency or through conversion of other assets of the Fund into such currency.
A Fund also may enter into forward currency contracts that do not provide for physical settlement of the two currencies (each, a “Reference Currency”), but instead provide for settlement by a single cash payment calculated as the difference between the agreed-upon exchange rate and the prevailing market exchange rate at settlement based upon an agreed- upon notional amount (non-deliverable forwards, or NDFs). NDFs have a fixing date and a settlement (delivery) date. The fixing date is the date and time at which the difference between the prevailing market exchange rate and the agreed upon exchange rate is calculated. The settlement (delivery) date is the date by which the payment of the Settlement Amount is due to the party receiving payment.
NDFs typically may have terms from one month up to two years and are settled in US dollars.
NDFs are subject to many of the risks associated with derivatives in general and forward currency transactions, including risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency and the risk that the counterparty will fail to fulfill its obligations. Under definitions adopted by the CFTC and SEC, NDFs are considered swaps, and therefore are included in the definition of “commodity interests.” In contrast, forward currency contracts that qualify as deliverable forwards are not regulated as swaps for most purposes, and are not included in the definition of “commodity interests.” However, these forwards are subject to some requirements applicable to swaps, including reporting to swap data repositories, documentation requirements, and business conduct rules applicable to swap dealers. CFTC regulation of forward currency contracts, especially NDFs, may restrict the Fund’s ability to use these instruments in the manner described above.
Although NDFs historically have been traded OTC, as swaps they may in the future be required to be centrally cleared and traded on public facilities. Under such circumstances, they would be centrally cleared and a secondary market for them normally would exist. With respect to NDFs that are centrally-cleared, an investor could lose margin payments it has deposited with the clearing organization as well as the net amount of gains not yet paid by the clearing organization if the clearing organization breaches its obligations under the NDF, becomes insolvent or goes into bankruptcy. In the event of bankruptcy of the clearing organization, the investor may be entitled to the net amount of gains the investor is entitled to receive plus the return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the clearing organization’s other customers, potentially resulting in losses to the investor. Even if some NDFs remain traded OTC, they will be subject to margin requirements for uncleared swaps and counterparty risk common to other swaps.
Speculative Position Limits. The CFTC and various exchanges have established limits referred to as “speculative position limits” or “accountability levels” on the maximum net long or short futures positions that any person or group of persons under common trading control (other than a hedger, which the Funds are not) may hold, own or control in a particular futures contract or option on a futures contract. Trading limits also are imposed on the maximum number of contracts that any person may trade on a particular trading day. An exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in violation of these limits and it may impose other sanctions or restrictions. Among the purposes of speculative position limits is to prevent a corner or squeeze on a market or undue influence on prices by any single trader or group of traders. The current federal speculative position limits established by the CFTC apply to certain agricultural commodity positions, such as grains (oats, corn, and wheat), the soybeans complex (soybeans, soybean oil and soybean meal) and cotton.
Combined Positions. A Fund may purchase and write options in combination with each other, or in combination with futures contracts or forward contracts, to adjust the risk and return characteristics of its overall position. A combined position usually will contain elements of risk that are present in each of its component transactions. For example, the Fund may purchase a put option and write a call option on the same underlying instrument in order to construct a combined position whose risk and return characteristics are similar to selling a futures contract. The Fund also may write a put option and purchase a call option on the same underlying instrument in order to construct a combined position whose risk and return characteristics are similar to holding the underlying instrument. Because combined options positions involve multiple trades, they may result in higher transaction costs, may be more difficult to open and close out and may perform in unanticipated ways. Because combined positions, like other Financial Instruments may require cash outlays that are only a small portion of the amount of exposure obtained through the combined positions, a Fund’s investment exposure gained through these combined positions could exceed its net assets.
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Turnover. A Fund’s options and futures contracts activities may affect its turnover rate and brokerage commission payments. The exercise of calls or puts written by a Fund, and the sale or purchase of futures contracts, may cause it to sell or purchase related investments, thus increasing its turnover rate. Once a Fund has received an exercise notice on an option it has written, it cannot effect a closing transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must deliver or receive the underlying securities at the exercise price. The exercise of puts purchased by a Fund also may cause the sale of related investments, also increasing turnover; although such exercise is within the Fund’s control, holding a protective put might cause it to sell the related investments for reasons that would not exist in the absence of the put. A Fund pays a brokerage commission each time it buys or sells a put or call or purchases or sells a futures contract. Such commissions could be higher than those that would apply to direct purchases or sales.
Swaps, Caps, Floors and Collars. Each Fund may enter into swaps, including caps, floors and collars, for any legal purpose consistent with its investment objective(s) and policies, including to attempt: to obtain or preserve a particular return or a spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio; to protect against an increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date; to protect against currency fluctuations; to use as a duration management technique; to enhance income or capital gains; to protect against a decline in the price of securities the Fund currently owns; or to gain exposure to certain markets in an economical way.
A swap is an agreement involving the exchange by a Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates based upon or calculated by reference to changes in specified prices or rates (e.g., interest rates in the case of interest rate swaps) based on a specified amount (the “notional” amount). Examples of swap agreements include, but are not limited to, equity, commodity, index or other total return swaps, foreign currency swaps, credit default swaps and interest rate swaps.
The Dodd-Frank Act and related regulatory developments have imposed comprehensive new regulatory requirements on swaps and swap market participants. The regulatory framework includes: (1) registration and regulation of swap dealers and major swap participants; (2) requiring central clearing and execution of standardized swaps; (3) imposing margin requirements on swap transactions; (4) regulating and monitoring swap transactions through position limits and large trader reporting requirements; and (5) imposing record keeping and centralized and public reporting requirements, on an anonymous basis, for most swaps. The CFTC is responsible for the regulation of most swaps. The SEC has jurisdiction over a small segment of the market referred to as “security-based swaps,” which includes swaps on single securities or credits, or narrow-based indices of securities or credits.
A swap agreement may be negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties (for an uncleared swap) or, in some instances, must be transacted through an FCM and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for a cleared swap). Certain standardized swaps currently are, and more in the future are expected to be, subject to mandatory central clearing and exchange-trading. The Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations require certain swaps to be cleared and exchange-traded. For example, certain credit default swaps and interest rate swaps are subject to mandatory clearing and trade execution requirements. Additional categories of swaps may become subject to such requirements in the future. Central clearing is intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity, but central clearing does not eliminate these risks and may involve additional costs and risks not involved with uncleared swaps.
In an uncleared swap, the swap counterparty typically is a brokerage firm, bank or other financial institution. During the term of an uncleared swap, a Fund will be required to pledge to the swap counterparty, from time to time, an amount of cash and/or other assets equal to the total net amount (if any) that would be payable by the Fund to the counterparty if all outstanding swaps between the parties were terminated on the date in question, including any early termination payments. Likewise, the counterparty will be required to pledge cash or other assets to cover its obligations to the Fund. However, the amount pledged may not always be equal to or more than the amount due to the other party. Therefore, if a counterparty defaults in its obligations to a Fund, the amount pledged by the counterparty and available to the Fund may not be sufficient to cover all the amounts due to the Fund and the Fund may sustain a loss.
Under applicable uncleared swap margin regulations, a Fund that is deemed to have material swaps exposure may be required to post initial margin in addition to variation margin with respect to uncleared swaps.
In a cleared swap, a Fund’s ultimate counterparty is a central clearinghouse rather than a brokerage firm, bank or other financial institution. Cleared swaps are submitted for clearing through each party’s FCM, which must be a member of the clearinghouse that serves as the central counterparty. Transactions executed on a swap execution facility (“SEF”) may increase market transparency and liquidity but may require the Fund to incur increased expenses to access the same types of swaps that it has used in the past. When a Fund enters into a cleared swap, it must deliver to the central counterparty (via the FCM) an amount referred to as “initial margin.” Initial margin requirements are determined by the central counterparty, and are typically calculated as an amount equal to the volatility in market value of the cleared swap over a fixed period, but an FCM may require additional initial margin above the amount required by the central counterparty. During the term of the swap agreement, a “variation margin” amount also may be required to be paid by a Fund or may be received by a Fund in accordance with margin controls set for such accounts.
Swap agreements can be structured to provide exposure to a variety of different types of investments or market factors. For example, in an interest rate swap, fixed-rate payments may be exchanged for floating rate payments; in a currency swap, US dollar-denominated payments may be exchanged for payments denominated in a foreign currency; and in a total return swap, payments tied to the investment return on a particular asset, group of assets or index may be exchanged for payments that are effectively equivalent to interest payments or for payments tied to the return on another asset, group of assets or index.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Caps, floors and collars have an effect similar to buying or writing options; they allow a purchaser to attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding specified minimum or maximum levels. The purchase of a cap entitles the purchaser to receive payments from the seller on a notional principal amount to the extent that a specified index exceeds a predetermined value. The purchase of a floor entitles the purchaser to receive payments from the seller on a notional principal amount to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined value. A collar combines elements of buying a floor and selling a cap.
In a long total return equity swap, a Fund will receive, and, in a short total return swap, a Fund pays, the price appreciation of an equity index, a custom basket of equity securities, or a single equity, plus any dividend or coupon income from such securities, in exchange for payments equivalent to a floating rate of interest, or if the equity swap is for the equivalent of one interest rate period, a fixed fee that is established at the outset of the swap. Floating rate payments are pegged to a base rate, such as the federal funds rate, that is periodically adjusted. Therefore, if interest rates increase over the term of the swap contract, a Fund may be required to pay a higher amount at each swap reset date.
A Fund may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. The Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts. The seller in a credit default swap contract is required to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the buyer in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the referenced debt obligation (or other agreed-upon debt obligation) described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled, if there is a credit event by the issuer of that debt obligation. In return, the seller receives from the buyer a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract or, if earlier, until the occurrence of a credit event. If the contract is terminated prior to its stated maturity, either the seller or the buyer would make a termination payment to the other in an amount approximately equal to the amount by which the value of the contract has increased in value to the recipient of the settlement payment. For example, if the contract is more valuable to the buyer (as would normally occur if the creditworthiness of the issuer of the referenced debt obligation has decreased), the seller would make a termination payment to the buyer. As the seller of credit protection, a Fund would effectively add leverage to the extent the notional amount exceeds the amount of cash the Fund has because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to the investment exposure of the notional amount of the swap. As the buyer, a Fund normally would be hedging its exposure on debt obligations that it holds.
Swap agreements may shift a Fund’s investment exposure from one type of investment to another. For example, if the Fund agrees to exchange payments in US dollars for payments in foreign currency, the swap agreement would tend to decrease the Fund’s exposure to US interest rates and increase its exposure to foreign currency and interest rates. Most swap agreements provide that, when the periodic payment dates for both parties are the same, payments are netted, and only the net amount is paid to the counterparty entitled to receive the net payment. Consequently, a Fund’s current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement generally will be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement, based on the relative values of the positions held by each counterparty.
Because swap agreements may have a leverage component, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate or index can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid assets having an aggregate value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in an account with the Fund’s custodian that satisfies the requirements of the 1940 Act. The Fund also will establish and maintain such account with respect to its total obligations under any swaps that are not entered into on a net basis and with respect to any caps or floors that are written by the Fund. The Manager and each Fund believe that such obligations do not constitute senior securities under the 1940 Act and, accordingly, do not treat them as being subject to the Fund’s borrowing restrictions.
The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the referenced assets that underlie the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments.
The use of a swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset, referenced rate, or index but also of the swap itself. If the Manager attempts to use a swap as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a Fund’s portfolio investment, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the swap will have or will develop an imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment. This could cause significant losses for the Fund. While hedging strategies involving swap instruments can reduce the risk of loss, they also can reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other Fund investments.
As with other investments, swap agreements are subject to the risk that the market value of the instrument will change in a way detrimental to a Fund’s interest. The Fund bears the risk that the Manager will not accurately forecast future market trends or the values of assets, reference rates, indexes, or other economic factors in establishing swap positions for the Fund.
To the extent a swap is not centrally cleared, the use of a swap also involves the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of the counterparty or the failure of the counterparty to make required payments or otherwise comply with the terms of the agreement. The creditworthiness of firms with which a Fund enters into swaps, caps, floors or collars will be monitored by the Manager. If a counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value of the swap might decline, potentially resulting in losses. Changing conditions in a particular market area, whether or not directly related to the referenced assets that underlie the swap agreement, may have an adverse impact on the creditworthiness of
38
the counterparty. For example, the counterparty may have experienced losses as a result of its exposure to a sector of the market that adversely affect its creditworthiness. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, the Fund may have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction.
Central clearing is designed to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity compared to uncleared swaps because central clearing interposes the central clearinghouse as the counterparty to each participant’s swap, but it does not eliminate those risks completely and may involve additional costs and risks not involved with uncleared swaps. There also is a risk of loss by a Fund of the initial and variation margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of an FCM with which the Fund has an open position, or the central counterparty in a swap contract. The assets of a Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of an FCM or central counterparty because the Fund might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s customers. If an FCM does not provide accurate reporting, a Fund also is subject to the risk that the FCM could use the Fund’s assets, which are held in an omnibus account with assets belonging to the FCM’s other customers, to satisfy its own financial obligations or the payment obligations of another customer to the central counterparty. Credit risk of cleared swap participants is concentrated in a few clearinghouses, and the consequences of insolvency of a clearinghouse are not clear.
With cleared swaps, a Fund may not be able to obtain terms as favorable as it would be able to negotiate for a bilateral, uncleared swap. In addition, an FCM may unilaterally amend the terms of its agreement with a Fund, which may include the imposition of position limits or additional margin requirements with respect to the Fund’s investment in certain types of swaps. Central counterparties and FCMs can require termination of existing cleared swap transactions upon the occurrence of certain events, and also can require increases in margin above the margin that is required at the initiation of the swap agreement.
Finally, a Fund is subject to the risk that, after entering into a cleared swap with an executing broker, no FCM or central counterparty is willing or able to clear the transaction. In such an event, the Fund may be required to break the trade and make an early termination payment to the executing broker.
Payment-In-Kind (“PIK”) Securities
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in PIK securities. PIK securities are securities that contain provisions that allow an issuer, at its discretion, to make current interest payments either in cash or in the form of additional securities. These instruments may be valued at a deep discount from the face amount. Interest received in the form of additional securities is recorded as interest income. Federal tax law requires the holder of a PIK security to accrue that interest income with respect to the security regardless of the receipt (or non-receipt) of cash payments. Accordingly, although a Fund generally will not receive cash payments on PIK securities, it will have current income attributable to those securities. To avoid liability for federal income and excise taxes, therefore, a Fund may be required to distribute cash in an amount equal to income accrued with respect to those securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to make that distribution.
It is possible that by effectively increasing the principal balance payable to a Fund or deferring cash payment of such interest until maturity, the use of PIK features will increase the risk that such amounts will become uncollectible when due and payable. Prices of PIK securities may be more sensitive to changes in the issuer’s financial condition, fluctuations in interest rates and market demand/supply imbalances than cash-paying securities with similar credit ratings, and thus may be more speculative than are securities that pay interest periodically in cash. Investments in PIK securities may be illiquid or restricted, which may make it difficult for a Fund to dispose of them or to determine their current value.
Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) Securities
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in securities issued by REITs. A REIT is a domestic corporation (or a trust or association otherwise taxable as such for federal tax purposes) that meets certain requirements of the Code. The Code permits a qualifying REIT to deduct dividends it pays, thereby effectively eliminating entity-level federal income tax for a REIT that distributes all of its taxable income (including net capital gains) and making the REIT a modified pass-through vehicle for federal income tax purposes. To qualify for treatment as a REIT, a company must, among other things, derive at least 75% of its gross income each taxable year from real estate sources (such as rents from real estate, interest from mortgages on real estate, and gains from sales of real estate assets), and must annually distribute to its shareholders 90% or more of its taxable income (including net capital gains). Moreover, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 75% of the value of its total assets must be represented by real estate assets, cash and cash items and US government securities.
REITs are sometimes informally characterized as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. An equity REIT invests primarily in the fee ownership or leasehold ownership of land and buildings and derives its income primarily from rental income. A mortgage REIT invests primarily in mortgages on real estate, and derives its income primarily from interest payments received on credit it has granted. A hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of equity REITs and mortgage REITs. It is anticipated, although not required, that under normal circumstances, a majority of each Fund’s investments in REITs will consist of shares issued by equity REITs.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Repurchase Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Each Fund may purchase securities subject to repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, subject to its restriction on investment in illiquid investments, and subject to its investment policies and restrictions. A repurchase agreement is an instrument under which a Fund purchases a security and the seller (normally a commercial bank or broker-dealer) agrees, at the time of purchase, that it will repurchase the security at a specified time and price. A reverse repurchase agreement is the opposite: the Fund will sell the security with an obligation to repurchase it at an agreed-upon time and price. The amount by which the resale price is greater than the purchase price reflects an agreed-upon market interest rate effective for the period of the agreement. The return on the securities subject to the repurchase agreement may be more or less than the return on the repurchase agreement.
The majority of repurchase agreements in which a Fund will engage are overnight transactions, and the delivery pursuant to the resale typically will occur within 1 to 5 days of the purchase. The primary risk from repurchase agreements is that the Fund may suffer a loss if the seller fails to pay the agreed-upon amount on the delivery date and that amount is greater than the resale price of the underlying securities and other collateral held by the Fund. In the event of bankruptcy or other default by the seller, there may be possible delays and expenses in liquidating the underlying securities or other collateral, decline in their value or loss of interest. Additionally, reverse repurchase agreements involve borrowing to take advantage of investment opportunities; such leverage could magnify losses. If the Fund borrows money to purchase securities and those securities decline in value, then the value of the Fund’s shares will decline faster than if the Fund were not leveraged. The return on such collateral may be more or less than that from the repurchase agreement. A Fund’s repurchase agreements will be structured so as to fully collateralize the loans. In other words, the value of the underlying securities, which will be held by a Fund’s custodian bank or by a third party that qualifies as a custodian under Section 17(f) of the 1940 Act, is and, during the entire term of the agreement, will remain at least equal to the value of the loan, including the accrued interest earned thereon. Repurchase agreements are entered into only with those entities approved by the Manager.
Restricted Securities
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may invest in restricted securities. Restricted securities are securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. However, restricted securities generally can be sold in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to an exemption from registration under the 1933 Act, or in a registered public offering. For example, a Fund may purchase commercial paper that is issued in reliance on the so-called private placement exemption from registration that is afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act (“Section 4(a)(2) paper”). Section 4(a)(2) paper normally is resold to other institutional investors through or with the assistance of investment dealers who make a market in the Section 4(a)(2) paper, thus providing liquidity. Where registration is required, a Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expense and a considerable period may elapse between the time it decides to seek registration and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than prevailed when it decided to seek registration of the security.
A Fund also may invest in securities that normally are purchased or resold pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act (“Rule 144A securities”). Rule 144A is designed to facilitate efficient trading among institutional investors by permitting the sale of certain unregistered securities. Rule 144A securities may be resold only to qualified institutional buyers, provided that certain other conditions for resale are met. To the extent privately placed securities held by a Fund qualify under Rule 144A and an institutional market develops for those securities, a Fund likely will be able to dispose of the securities without registering them under the 1933 Act.
There are risks associated with investments in restricted securities in that there can be no assurance of a ready market for resale. Also, the contractual restrictions on resale might prevent the Fund from reselling the securities at a time when such sale would be desirable. Restricted securities that are traded in foreign markets often are subject to restrictions that prohibit resale to US persons or entities or permit sales only to foreign broker-dealers who agree to limit their resale to such persons or entities. The buyer of such securities must enter into an agreement that, usually for a limited period of time, it will resell such securities subject to such restrictions. Restricted securities in which a Fund seeks to invest need not be listed or admitted to trading on a foreign or US exchange and may be less liquid than listed securities.
Restricted securities that have not been registered generally are referred to as private placements and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market and usually are not listed on an exchange nor traded in other established markets. Such securities are restricted as to disposition and generally are sold to institutional investors.
Certain of a Fund’s investments in private placements may consist of direct investments and may include investments in smaller, less-seasoned issuers, which may involve greater risks than investments in the securities of more established companies. These issuers may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group.
As a result of the absence of a public trading market, privately placed securities and other restricted securities may be less liquid and more difficult to value than publicly-traded securities. As relatively few purchasers of these securities may exist, especially in the event of adverse market or economic conditions or adverse changes in the issuer’s financial condition, a Fund could have difficulty selling them when the Manager believes it is advisable to do so. To the extent that restricted securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from the sales, due to illiquidity, could be less than those originally paid by a Fund or less than the fair market value. In addition, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that may be applicable if the securities were publicly traded. As a result, a Fund may be less able to predict a loss. In making investments in such securities, a Fund may obtain access to material
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non-public information, which may restrict the Fund’s ability to conduct portfolio transactions in such securities. A Fund also may take a minority interest in a privately offered security, which may limit the Fund’s ability to protect shareholders’ interests in connection with corporate actions by the privately held company. A Fund’s Portfolio Manager may serve on the board of directors (or similar governing body) of a privately held company, the securities of which that Fund may hold. While the Manager believes such service will be beneficial to the Fund and its shareholders, the Portfolio Manager’s service as a board member also could create a conflict of interest (or an appearance of a conflict of interest) that may impact the Fund. In addition, investments in privately placed securities may include other additional contractual obligations, such as the payment of registration expenses as noted above or the purchase of additional securities.
Short Sales Against the Box
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may sell securities “short against the box;” provided, however, that the Fund’s aggregate short sales prices may not, at the time of any short sale, exceed 10% of its total assets. Whereas a short sale is the sale of a security the Fund does not own, a short sale is “against the box” if, at all times during which the short position is open, the Fund owns at least an equal amount of the securities sold short or other securities convertible into or exchangeable without further consideration for securities of the same issue as the securities sold short. Short sales against the box typically are used by sophisticated investors to defer recognition of capital gains or losses. None of the Funds has any present intention to sell securities short in this fashion.
Special Purpose Acquisition Companies
A Fund may invest in stock, warrants, and other securities of special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”) or similar special purpose entities that pool funds to seek potential acquisition opportunities. A SPAC is typically a publicly traded company that raises funds through an IPO for the purpose of acquiring or merging with another company to be identified subsequent to the SPAC’s IPO. The securities of a SPAC are often issued in “units” that include one share of common stock and one right or warrant (or partial right or warrant) conveying the right to purchase additional shares or partial shares. Generally, unless and until a transaction is completed, a SPAC will invest its assets (minus a portion used to cover expenses) in U.S. government securities, money market funds and similar investments. If an acquisition or merger that meets the requirements for the SPAC is not completed within a pre-established period of time (e.g., two years), the invested funds are returned to the SPAC’s shareholders, minus certain permitted expenses. In that case, the rights or warrants issued by the SPAC will expire worthless.
Because SPACs and similar entities are in essence blank check companies that have no operating history or ongoing business other than seeking acquisitions, the value of their securities is particularly dependent on the ability of the entity’s management to identify and complete a profitable acquisition. As a result, the values of investments in SPACs may be highly volatile and may depreciate significantly over time, and an acquisition or merger, once effected, may prove unsuccessful and an investment in the SPAC may lose value. Moreover, an investment in a SPAC is subject to a variety of additional risks, including the following:
(i) a portion of the monies raised by the SPAC for the purpose of effecting an acquisition or merger may be expended prior to the transaction for payment of taxes and other expenses;
(ii) prior to any acquisition or merger, a SPAC’s assets are typically invested in U.S. government securities, money market funds and similar investments whose returns or yields may be significantly lower than those of a Fund’s other investments;
(iii) a Fund generally will not receive significant income from its investments in SPACs (both prior to and after any acquisition or merger) and, therefore, the Fund’s investments in SPACs will not significantly contribute to the Fund’s distributions to shareholders;
(iv) attractive acquisition or merger targets may become scarce if the number of SPACs seeking to acquire operating businesses increases;
(v) an attractive acquisition or merger target may not be identified at all, in which case the SPAC will be required to return any remaining monies to shareholders;
(vi) if an acquisition or merger target is identified, a Fund may elect not to participate in, or vote to approve, the proposed transaction or the Fund may be required to divest its interests in the SPAC, due to regulatory or other considerations, in which case the Fund may not reap any resulting benefits;
(vii) the warrants or other rights with respect to the SPAC held by a Fund may expire worthless or may be redeemed by the SPAC at an unfavorable price;
(viii) any proposed merger or acquisition may be unable to obtain the requisite approval, if any, of SPAC shareholders and/or antitrust and securities regulators;
(ix) under any circumstances in which a Fund receives a refund of all or a portion of its original investment (which typically represents a pro rata share of the proceeds of the SPAC’s assets, less any applicable taxes), the returns on that investment may be negligible, and the Fund may be subject to opportunity costs to the extent that alternative investments would have produced higher returns;
(x) to the extent an acquisition or merger is announced or completed, shareholders who redeem their shares prior to that time may not reap any resulting benefits;
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Investment Strategies and Risks
(xi) a Fund may be delayed in receiving any redemption or liquidation proceeds from a SPAC to which it is entitled;
(xii) an investment in a SPAC may be diluted by additional later offerings of interests in the SPAC or by other investors exercising existing rights to purchase shares of the SPAC; and
(xiii) only a thinly traded market for shares of or interests in a SPAC may develop, or there may be no market at all, leaving a Fund unable to sell its interest in a SPAC or to sell its interest only at a price below what the Fund believes is the SPAC interest’s intrinsic value.
Investment in a Subsidiary — Nomura Asset Strategy Fund
Nomura Asset Strategy Fund has invested, and expects from time to time to continue to invest, in its wholly-owned and controlled subsidiary organized as an exempted company under the laws of the Cayman Islands (each, a “Subsidiary”). The Fund will not invest in the Subsidiary more than 25% of the value of its total assets as of the end of any quarter of its taxable year. Shares of the Subsidiary will not be sold or offered to other investors. By investing in its Subsidiary, the Fund is exposed to the risks associated with its Subsidiary’s investments. The Fund’s Subsidiary invests primarily in commodities, including precious metals, derivatives and commodity-linked instruments, as well as fixed-income securities and other investments intended to serve as margin or collateral for any derivative positions, and cash instruments. Unlike the Fund, the Subsidiary may invest without limitation in these instruments and, to the extent the Subsidiary invests in derivatives instruments, may use leveraged investments. The Subsidiary otherwise is subject to the same general investment policies and restrictions as the Fund.
The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act, but is subject to certain of the investor protections of the 1940 Act. The Fund, as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, does not have all of the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies. However, since the Fund wholly owns and controls the Subsidiary, and both the Fund and the Subsidiary are managed by the Manager, it is unlikely that the Subsidiary will take action contrary to the interests of the Fund or its shareholders. The Board has oversight responsibility for the investment activities of the Fund, including its investments in the Subsidiary, and the Fund’s role as sole shareholder of the Subsidiary. Also, in managing the Subsidiary’s portfolio, the Manager will be subject to the same aggregate investment restrictions and operational guidelines that apply to the management of the Fund, except that, unlike the Fund, the Subsidiary is able to invest without limit in precious metals, derivatives and commodity related investments. The Subsidiary will not be able to qualify as a RIC.
Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Trust and the Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or the Subsidiary to operate as described in this SAI and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. For example, the government of the Cayman Islands has undertaken not to impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax on the Subsidiary. If Cayman Islands law changes such that the Subsidiary must pay Cayman Islands taxes, the Fund’s shareholders would likely suffer decreased investment returns.
Investment in a Subsidiary – Nomura High Income Fund
Nomura High Income Fund may seek to gain exposure to certain markets in whole or in part, through investments in a wholly-owned subsidiary organized, as applicable, under the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands (“Subsidiary”). In particular, the Fund anticipates making certain investments in entities treated as partnerships for US federal income tax purposes (“Partnership Investments”). For purposes of “qualifying income,” income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by a Fund. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a QPTP will be treated as qualifying income. The Fund’s Partnership Investments are not expected to qualify as QPTPs and such investments are expected to result in income that would be non-qualifying income. If applicable, the Subsidiary, unlike the Fund, may invest to a significant extent in Partnership Investments. The Subsidiary may also invest in other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest, either as investments or to serve as margin or collateral for its derivative positions. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in the Subsidiary.
With respect to the Subsidiary’s investments, the Subsidiary will generally be subject to the same investment restrictions and limitations and generally follow the same compliance policies as the Fund; however, the Subsidiary (unlike the Fund) may invest a significant amount of its assets in Partnership Investments.
The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act and, unless otherwise noted in the Prospectus, is not subject to all of the investor protections of the 1940 Act. Thus, the Fund, as an investor in the Subsidiary, will not have all of the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies. In addition, changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, if applicable, under which the Fund and the Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or the Subsidiary to operate as intended and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders.
If applicable, a US person who owns (directly or indirectly) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock or 10% or more of the total value of shares of all classes of stock of a foreign corporation is a “US Shareholder” for purposes of the controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) provisions of the Code. A CFC is a foreign corporation that, on any day of its taxable year, is owned (directly, indirectly, or constructively) more than 50% (measured by voting power or value) by US Shareholders. Because of its investment in the Subsidiary, if applicable, the Fund is a US Shareholder in a CFC. As a US Shareholder, if applicable, the Fund is required to include in gross income for US federal income tax purposes
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for each taxable year of the Fund its pro rata share of its CFC’s “Subpart F” income (discussed further below) and any “Net CFC Tested Income” (“NCTI”) for the CFC’s taxable year ending within the Fund’s taxable year whether or not such income is actually distributed by the CFC. NCTI generally includes the active operating profits of the CFC.
In order for the Fund to qualify as a RIC under the Code the Fund must, among other requirements, derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income, which is described in more detail in the “Taxes” section below. If applicable, the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary is expected to provide the Fund with exposure to Partnership Investments within the limitations of the federal tax requirements under Subchapter M of the Code. If applicable, the “Subpart F” income (defined in Section 951 of the Code) and NCTI of the Fund attributable to its investment in the Subsidiary is “qualifying income” to the Fund to the extent that such income is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies. Accordingly, if applicable, to the extent the Subsidiary makes distribution out of its earnings and profits, the Fund expects such distributions to be treated as qualifying income. The Manager will monitor the Fund’s investments in the Subsidiary to ensure that no more than 25% of the Fund’s assets are invested in the Subsidiary to ensure compliance with the Fund’s asset diversification test as described in more detail in the Distribution and Taxes section below.
If applicable, Subpart F income and NCTI are treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the CFC’s underlying income. Net losses incurred by a CFC, if applicable, during a tax year do not flow through to the Fund and thus will not be available to offset income or capital gain generated from the Fund’s other investments. In addition, net losses incurred by a CFC, if applicable, during a tax year generally cannot be carried forward by the CFC to offset gains realized by it in subsequent taxable years. To the extent the Fund invests in the Subsidiary and recognizes Subpart F income or NCTI in excess of actual cash distributions from the Subsidiary, if any, it may be required to sell assets (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to generate the cash necessary to distribute as dividends to its shareholders all of its income and gains and therefore to eliminate any tax liability at the Fund level. Subpart F income also includes the excess of gains over losses from transactions (including futures, forward and other similar transactions) in commodities.
The Fund’s recognition of any Subpart F income or NCTI from an investment in the Subsidiary, if applicable, will increase the Fund’s tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund, including in redemption of the Subsidiary’s shares, will be tax free, to the extent of the Subsidiary’s previously undistributed Subpart F income or NCTI, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund’s tax basis in the Subsidiary, and any distributions in excess of the Fund’s tax basis in the Subsidiary will be treated as realized gain. Any losses with respect to the Fund’s shares of the Subsidiary will not be currently recognized. The Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary will potentially have the effect of accelerating the Fund’s recognition of income and causing its income to be treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary’s income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is generally not available to offset the income earned by the Fund. In addition, the net losses incurred during a taxable year by the Subsidiary cannot be carried forward by such Subsidiary to offset gains realized by it in subsequent taxable years. The Fund will not receive any credit in respect of any non-US tax borne by the Subsidiary.
In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments, such as Partnership Investments, when made directly, may not produce qualifying income to the Fund. To the extent the Fund invests in Partnership Investments directly, the Fund will seek to restrict its income from such instruments that do not generate qualifying income to a maximum of 10% of its gross income (when combined with its other investments that produce non-qualifying income).
Accordingly, the extent to which the Fund invests in Partnership Investments directly or through the Subsidiary may be limited by the qualifying income and asset diversification tests, which the Fund must continue to satisfy to maintain its status as a RIC. As such, the Fund might cease to qualify as a RIC or could be required to reduce its exposure to such investments, which may result in difficulty in implementing the Fund’s investment strategy. If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year and certain relief provisions are not available, the Fund’s taxable income would be subject to tax at the Fund level and to a further tax at the shareholder level when such income is distributed, which could reduce the amount available to be distributed to shareholders and have a negative effect on the shareholder’s investment in the Fund. See “Distribution and Taxes” below for further detail.
US Government Securities
US government securities are securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US, or by a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the US government. These securities include Treasury Bills (which mature within one year of the date they are issued), Treasury Notes (which have maturities of one to ten years) and Treasury Bonds (which generally have maturities of more than ten years). All such Treasury securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
Certain securities issued or guaranteed by US government agencies or instrumentalities are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government, such as securities issued by the Export-Import Bank of the United States, Farm Credit System Financial Assistance Corporation, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Housing Administration, General Services Administration, Ginnie Mae, Maritime Administration or Small Business Administration.
Other securities issued or guaranteed by US government agencies or instrumentalities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, some securities are supported by the right of the agency or instrumentality to borrow from the Treasury, such as securities issued by the FHLB, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, and other securities are supported only by the credit of the agency or instrumentality, such as securities issued by the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation or Tennessee Valley Authority.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
If the securities issued or guaranteed by a US government agency or instrumentality are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government, there can be no assurance that the US government would provide financial support to the agency or instrumentality. A Fund will invest in securities of agencies and instrumentalities only if the Manager is satisfied that the credit risk involved is acceptable.
US government securities may include mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by US government agencies or instrumentalities, including, but not limited to, Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. These mortgage-backed securities include pass-through securities, participation certificates and collateralized mortgage obligations. See “Mortgage-Backed Securities.” Timely payment of principal and interest on Ginnie Mae pass-throughs is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are instrumentalities of the US government, but their obligations are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. It is possible that the availability and the marketability (that is, liquidity) of the securities discussed in this section could be adversely affected by actions of the US government to tighten the availability of its credit.
Variable or Floating Rate Instruments
Variable or floating rate instruments (including notes purchased directly from issuers) bear variable or floating interest rates and may carry rights that permit holders to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest from the issuers or certain financial intermediaries on dates prior to their stated maturities. Floating rate securities have interest rates that change whenever there is a change in a designated base rate while variable rate instruments provide for a specified periodic adjustment in the interest rate. These formulas are designed to result in a market value for the instrument that approximates its par value.
Warrants and Rights
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may invest in warrants and rights. Warrants are options to purchase equity securities at specified prices for a specific period of time. Their prices do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying securities. Rights are similar to warrants but normally have a short duration and are distributed directly by the issuer to its shareholders. Rights and warrants have no voting rights, receive no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer. Warrants and rights are highly volatile and, therefore, more susceptible to sharp declines in value than the underlying security might be. They also generally are less liquid than an investment in the underlying securities.
When-Issued and Delayed-Delivery Transactions
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may purchase securities in which it may invest on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis or sell them on a delayed-delivery basis. In either case payment and delivery for the securities take place at a future date. The securities so purchased or sold are subject to market fluctuation; their value may be less or more when delivered than the purchase price paid or received. When purchasing securities on a when issued or delayed-delivery basis, a Fund assumes the rights and risks of ownership, including the risk of price and yield fluctuations. No interest accrues to the Fund until delivery and payment is completed. When a Fund makes a commitment to purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis, it will record the transaction and thereafter reflect the value of the securities in determining its NAV per share. When a Fund sells securities on a delayed-delivery basis, the Fund does not participate in further gains or losses with respect to the securities. When a Fund makes a commitment to sell securities on a delayed-delivery basis, it will record the transaction and thereafter value the securities at the sale price in determining its NAV per share. If the other party to a delayed-delivery transaction fails to deliver or pay for the securities, the Fund could miss a favorable price or yield opportunity, or could suffer a loss.
The use of when-issued transactions and forward commitments enables a Fund to seek to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates and prices. For instance, in periods of rising interest rates and falling prices, a Fund might sell securities in its portfolio on a forward commitment basis to limit its exposure to falling prices. In periods of falling interest rates and rising prices, a Fund might sell a security in its portfolio and purchase the same or a similar security on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, thereby fixing the purchase price to be paid on the settlement date at an amount below that to which the Fund anticipates the market price of such security to rise and, in the meantime, obtaining the benefit of investing the proceeds of the sale of its portfolio security at currently higher cash yields. Of course, the success of this strategy depends upon the ability of the Manager to correctly anticipate increases and decreases in interest rates and prices of securities. If the Manager anticipates a rise in interest rates and a decline in prices and, accordingly, a Fund sells securities on a forward commitment basis in an attempt to hedge against falling prices, but in fact interest rates decline and prices rise, the Fund will have lost the opportunity to profit from the price increase. If the Manager anticipates a decline in interest rates and a rise in prices, and, accordingly, a Fund sells a security in its portfolio and purchases the same or a similar security on a when-issued or forward commitment basis in an attempt to enjoy currently high cash yields, but in fact interest rates increase and prices fall, the Fund will have lost the opportunity to profit from investment of the proceeds of the sale of the security at the increased interest rates. The likely effect of this hedging strategy, whether the Manager is correct or incorrect in its prediction of interest rate and price movements, is to reduce the chances of large capital gains or losses and thereby reduce the likelihood of wide variations in a Fund’s NAV.
When-issued securities and forward commitments may be sold prior to the settlement date, but a Fund enters into when- issued and forward commitments only with the intention of actually receiving or delivering the securities, as the case may be. Each Fund may hold a when-issued security or forward commitment until the settlement date, even if the Fund will incur a loss upon settlement. In accordance with regulatory requirements, a Fund’s custodian bank maintains, in a separate account of the Fund, liquid assets, such as cash, short-term securities and other
44
liquid securities (marked to the market daily), having a value equal to, or greater than, any commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis and, with respect to forward commitments to sell portfolio securities of the Fund, the portfolio securities themselves. If a Fund, however, chooses to dispose of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition or dispose of its right to deliver or receive against a forward commitment, it can incur a gain or loss.
The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis exposes the Fund to risk because the securities may decrease in value prior to their delivery. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis involves the additional risk that the return available in the market when the delivery takes place will be higher than that obtained in the transaction itself. A Fund’s purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis while remaining substantially fully invested could result in increased volatility of the price of the Fund’s shares.
Zero Coupon Securities
Zero coupon securities are debt obligations that do not entitle the holder to any periodic payment of interest prior to maturity or do not specify a future date when the securities begin to pay current interest; instead, they are sold at a deep discount from their face value (that is, with original issue discount (“OID”)) and are redeemed at face value when they mature. Because zero coupon securities do not pay current income, their prices can be very volatile when interest rates change and generally are subject to greater price fluctuations in response to changing interest rates than prices of comparable debt obligations that make current distributions of interest in cash. Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in zero coupon securities that are stripped Treasury notes or bonds, zero coupon bonds of corporate or municipal issuers and other securities that are issued with OID. The federal tax law requires that a holder of a security with OID accrue as income (take into account, in the case of OID on a tax-exempt security (i.e., a security the interest on which is not subject to federal income tax)) each taxable year a ratable portion of the OID on the security, even though the holder may receive no interest payment on the security during the year. Accordingly, although a Fund generally will receive no payments on its zero coupon securities prior to their maturity or disposition, it will have current taxable or tax-exempt income attributable to those securities. To avoid liability for federal income and excise taxes, therefore, a Fund will be required to distribute cash in an amount equal to income accrued with respect to those securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to make that distribution.
A broker-dealer creates a derivative zero coupon security by separating the interest and principal components of a Treasury security and selling them as two individual securities. CATS (Certificates of Accrual on Treasury Securities), TIGRs (Treasury Investment Growth Receipts), and TRs (Treasury Receipts) are examples of derivative zeros.
The Federal Reserve Bank creates Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS) by separating the interest and principal components of an outstanding Treasury security and selling them as individual securities. Bonds issued by the Resolution Funding Corporation and the Financing Corporation also can be separated in this fashion. Original issue zeros are zero coupon securities originally issued by the US government, a government agency, or a corporation in zero coupon form.
Short-Term Debt Instruments and Temporary Investments
Each Fund may invest in money market securities (the types of which are discussed below) for liquidity and cash management purposes or if the Manager determines that securities meeting a Fund’s investment objective and policies are not otherwise readily available for purchase. For temporary defensive purposes during periods when the Manager determines that conditions warrant, a Fund may increase this percentage up to 100%. For purposes of these policies, money market securities include (i) short-term US government securities, including custodial receipts evidencing separately traded interest and principal components of securities issued by the US Treasury; (ii) commercial paper rated in the highest short-term rating category by a NRSRO, such as S&P or Moody’s, or determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality at the time of purchase; (iii) short-term bank obligations (certificates of deposit, time deposits, and bankers’ acceptances) of US domestic banks, foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks, and commercial banks with assets of at least $1 billion as of the end of their most recent fiscal year; and (iv) repurchase agreements involving such securities. Each of these types of money market securities is discussed in more detail in this SAI.
US Government Securities. Examples of types of US government obligations in which a Fund may invest include US Treasury obligations and the obligations of US government agencies such as Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the US, Small Business Administration, Fannie Mae, Ginnie Mae, General Services Administration, Student Loan Marketing Association, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Freddie Mac, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Maritime Administration, and other similar agencies. Whether backed by the full faith and credit of the US Treasury or not, US government securities are not guaranteed against price movements due to fluctuating interest rates.
| | US Treasury Obligations. US Treasury obligations consist of bills, notes, and bonds issued by the US Treasury and separately traded interest and principal component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the federal book-entry system known as Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (“STRIPS”) and Treasury Receipts (“TRs”). |
| | Receipts. Interests in separately traded interest and principal component parts of US government obligations that are issued by banks or brokerage firms and are created by depositing US government obligations into a special account at a custodian bank. The custodian holds the interest and principal payments for the benefit of the registered owners of the certificates or receipts. The custodian arranges for the issuance of the certificates or receipts evidencing ownership and maintains the register. TRs and STRIPS are interests in accounts sponsored by the US Treasury. Receipts are sold as zero coupon securities. |
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Investment Strategies and Risks
| | US Government Zero Coupon Securities. STRIPS and receipts are sold as zero coupon securities, that is, fixed income securities that have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons. Zero coupon securities are sold at a (usually substantial) discount and redeemed at face value at their maturity date without interim cash payments of interest or principal. The amount of this discount is accreted over the life of the security, and the accretion constitutes the income earned on the security for both accounting and tax purposes. Because of these features, the market prices of zero coupon securities are generally more volatile than the market prices of securities that have similar maturity but that pay interest periodically. Zero coupon securities are likely to respond to a greater degree to interest rate changes than are non-zero coupon securities with similar maturity and credit qualities. |
| | US Government Agencies. Some obligations issued or guaranteed by agencies of the US government are supported by the full faith and credit of the US Treasury, others are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury, while still others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. Guarantees of principal by agencies or instrumentalities of the US government may be a guarantee of payment at the maturity of the obligation so that in the event of a default prior to maturity there might not be a market and thus no means of realizing on the obligation prior to maturity. Guarantees as to the timely payment of principal and interest do not extend to the value or yield of these securities or to the value of a Fund’s shares. |
Commercial Paper. Commercial paper is the term used to designate unsecured short-term promissory notes issued by corporations and other entities. Maturities on these issues vary from a few to 270 days. A Fund may invest in short-term promissory notes issued by corporations that, at the time of purchase, are rated P-1 and/or A-1. Commercial paper ratings P-1 by Moody’s and A-1 by S&P are the highest investment grade category. See “Appendix A — Description of Ratings” for a description of the rating symbols of S&P and Moody’s.
Obligations of Domestic Banks, Foreign Banks and Foreign Branches of US Banks. A Fund may invest in obligations issued by banks and other savings institutions. Investments in bank obligations include obligations of domestic branches of foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks. Such investments in domestic branches of foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks are not covered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and may involve risks that are different from investments in securities of domestic branches of US banks. These risks may include future unfavorable political and economic developments, possible withholding taxes on interest income, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, currency controls, interest limitations, or other governmental restrictions that might affect the payment of principal or interest on the securities held by a Fund. Additionally, these institutions may be subject to less stringent reserve requirements and to different accounting, auditing, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements than those applicable to domestic branches of US banks. Bank obligations include the following:
| | Bankers’ Acceptances. Bankers’ acceptances are bills of exchange or time drafts drawn on, and accepted by, a commercial bank. Corporations use bankers’ acceptances to finance the shipment and storage of goods and to furnish dollar exchange. Maturities are generally six months or less. |
| | Certificates of Deposit. Certificates of deposit are interest-bearing instruments with a specific maturity. They are issued by banks and savings and loan institutions in exchange for the deposit of funds and normally can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. Unless they can be traded on a secondary market, certificates of deposit with penalties for early withdrawal may be considered illiquid. |
| | Time Deposits. Time deposits are nonnegotiable receipts issued by a bank in exchange for the deposit of funds. Like a certificate of deposit, they earn a specified rate of interest over a definite period of time; however, they cannot be traded in the secondary market. Time deposits with a withdrawal penalty or that mature in more than seven calendar days may be considered to be illiquid investments. |
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may utilize derivatives instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options and other types of derivatives instruments, for defensive purposes.
Investment strategies and risks applicable to Nomura Healthcare Fund
Borrowing
The Fund may borrow money from banks, including its custodian, as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes to facilitate redemptions. The Fund may also obtain such short-term borrowing from banks as may be necessary from time to time due, but not limited, to such events as: large dividend payments, failed trades, the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities, and securities on loan. The Fund will be required to pay interest to the lending banks on amounts borrowed. As a result, borrowing money could result in the Fund being unable to meet its investment objectives.
In addition, the Fund may maintain a negative cash balance with its custodian, which is considered a form of borrowing or leverage. If the Fund maintains a negative cash balance and its investments decrease in value, the Fund’s losses will be greater than if the Fund did not maintain a negative cash balance. The Fund is required to pay interest to the custodian on negative cash balances.
The 1940 Act and the SEC’s current rules, exemptions, and interpretations thereunder, permit the Fund to borrow up to one-third of the value of its total assets (including the amount borrowed, but less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities) from banks. The Fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage of at least 300% with respect to such borrowings and to reduce the amount of its borrowings (within
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three days excluding Sundays and holidays) to restore such coverage if it should decline to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or otherwise. In the event that the Fund is required to reduce its borrowings, it may have to sell portfolio holdings, even if such sale of the Fund’s holdings would be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint.
In addition to borrowings that are subject to 300% asset coverage and are considered by the SEC to be permitted “senior securities,” the Fund is also permitted under the 1940 Act to borrow for temporary purposes an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of its total assets at the time when the loan is made. A loan will be presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid within 60 days and is not extended or renewed.
Convertible Securities
A portion of the Fund’s assets may be invested in convertible securities.
A convertible security is generally a debt obligation, preferred stock, or other security that may be converted within a specified period of time into a certain amount of common stock of the same or of a different issuer. The conversion may occur at the option of the investor in or issuer of the security, or upon a predetermined event. A convertible security typically provides a fixed income stream and the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation resulting from a market price advance in its underlying common stock. As with a straight fixed income security, a convertible security tends to increase in market value when interest rates decline and decrease in value when interest rates rise. Like common stock, the value of a convertible security also tends to increase as the market value of the underlying stock rises, and it tends to decrease as the market value of the underlying stock declines. Because both interest rate and market movements can influence its value, a convertible security is usually not as sensitive to interest rate changes as a similar fixed income security, nor is it as sensitive to changes in share price as its underlying stock. Convertible securities are also subject to risks that affect debt securities in general.
Although less than an investment in the underlying stock, the potential for gain on an investment in a convertible security is greater than for similar nonconvertible securities. As a result, a lower yield is generally offered on convertible securities than on otherwise equivalent nonconvertible securities. There is no guarantee that the Fund will realize gains on a convertible security in excess of the foregone yield it accepts to invest in such convertible security.
A convertible security is usually issued either by an operating company or by an investment bank. When issued by an operating company, a convertible security tends to be senior to the company’s common stock, but may be subordinate to other types of fixed income securities issued by that company. When a convertible security issued by an operating company is “converted,” the operating company often issues new stock to the holder of the convertible security. However, if the convertible security is redeemable and the parity price of the convertible security is less than the call price, the operating company may pay out cash instead of common stock.
If the convertible security is issued by an investment bank or other sponsor, the security is an obligation of and is convertible through the issuing investment bank. However, the common stock received upon conversion is that of a company other than the investment bank or sponsor. The issuer of a convertible security may be important in determining the security’s true value. This is because the holder of a convertible security will have recourse only to the issuer.
Convertible preferred stock. A convertible preferred stock is usually treated like a preferred stock for the Fund’s financial reporting, credit rating, investment policies, and limitations purposes. A preferred stock is subordinated to all debt obligations in the event of insolvency, and an issuer’s failure to make a dividend payment is generally not an event of default entitling the preferred shareholder to take action. A preferred stock generally has no maturity date, so its market value is dependent on the issuer’s business prospects for an indefinite period of time. Distributions from preferred stock are dividends, rather than interest payments, and are usually treated as such for tax purposes. Investments in convertible preferred stock, as compared to the debt obligations of an issuer, generally increase the Fund’s exposure to the credit risk of the issuer and market risk generally, because convertible preferred stock will fare more poorly if the issuer defaults or markets suffer.
Risks. An investment in a convertible security may involve risks. The Fund may have difficulty disposing of such securities because there may be a thin trading market for a particular security at any given time. Reduced liquidity may have an adverse impact on market price and the Fund’s ability to dispose of a security when necessary to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as the deterioration in the creditworthiness of an issuer. Reduced liquidity in the secondary market for certain securities may also make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain market quotations based on actual trades for purposes of valuing the Fund’s portfolio. Although the Fund intends to acquire convertible securities that the Manager considers to be liquid (i.e., those securities that the Manager determines may be sold on an exchange, or an institutional or other substantial market), there can be no assurances that this will be achieved. Certain securities and markets can become illiquid quickly, resulting in liquidity risk for the Fund. The Fund may also encounter difficulty valuing convertible securities due to illiquidity or other circumstances that make it difficult for the Fund to obtain timely market quotations based on actual trades for convertible securities.
Depositary Receipts
The Fund may invest in foreign companies through the purchase and sale of sponsored or unsponsored ADRs and may invest in sponsored and unsponsored EDRs and GDRs that are actively traded in the United States.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Many securities of foreign issuers are represented by ADRs, GDRs, and EDRs (collectively, “depositary receipts”). Generally, depositary receipts in registered form are designed for use in the US securities market and depositary receipts in bearer form are designed for use in securities markets outside the US. ADRs evidence ownership of, and represent the right to receive, securities of foreign issuers deposited in a domestic bank or trust company or a foreign correspondent bank. Prices of ADRs are quoted in US dollars, and ADRs are traded in the US on exchanges or OTC. While ADRs do not eliminate all the risks associated with foreign investments, by investing in ADRs rather than directly in the stock of foreign issuers, the Fund will avoid currency and certain foreign market trading risks during the settlement period for either purchases or sales. In general, there is a large, liquid market in the US for ADRs quoted on a national securities exchange. The information available for ADRs is subject to the accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards of the US market or exchange on which they are traded, which standards are generally more uniform and more exacting than those to which many foreign issuers may be subject.
EDRs and GDRs are typically issued by foreign banks or trust companies and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by either a foreign or a US corporation. EDRs and GDRs may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted. The underlying shares are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuer’s home country. If the issuer’s home country does not have developed financial markets, the Fund could be exposed to the credit risk of the custodian or financial institution and greater market risk.
The depository bank may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. The Fund would be expected to pay a share of the additional fees, which it would not pay if investing directly in the foreign securities. The Fund may experience delays in receiving its dividend and interest payments or exercising rights as a shareholder.
Depositary receipts may reduce some but not eliminate all the risks inherent in investing in the securities of foreign issuers. Depositary receipts are still subject to the political and economic risks of the underlying issuer’s country and are still subject to foreign currency exchange risk. Depositary receipts will be issued under sponsored or unsponsored programs. In sponsored programs, an issuer has made arrangements to have its securities traded in the form of depositary receipts. In unsponsored programs, the issuer may not be directly involved in the creation of the program. Although regulatory requirements with respect to sponsored and unsponsored programs are generally similar, in some cases it may be easier to obtain financial information about an issuer that has participated in the creation of a sponsored program. There may be an increased possibility of untimely responses to certain corporate actions of the issuer, such as stock splits and rights offerings, in an unsponsored program. Accordingly, there may be less information available regarding issuers of securities underlying unsponsored programs and there may not be a correlation between this information and the market value of the depositary receipts. If the Fund’s investment depends on obligations being met by the arranger as well as the issuer of an unsponsored program, the Fund will be exposed to additional credit risk.
Derivatives Instruments
The Fund may invest in some or all of the following types of derivatives instruments: forward foreign currency contracts, futures, options, and options on futures contracts, all of which are described in more detail in this section of the SAI.
Generally, derivatives are financial instruments whose values depend on or are derived from the value of one or more underlying assets, reference rates, indices, or other market factors (a “reference instrument”) and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies, commodities, or related indices. Derivatives instruments allow the Fund to gain or reduce exposure to the value of a reference instrument without actually owning or selling the instrument.
The Fund may value derivatives instruments at market value, notional value, or full exposure value (i.e., the sum of the notional amount for the contract plus the market value). The manner in which certain securities or other instruments are valued by the Fund may differ from the manner in which those investments are valued by other types of investors.
Exclusion from commodity pool operator definition. The Manager has claimed an exclusion from the definition of CPO with respect to the Fund under the CEA and the rules of the CFTC and, therefore, is not subject to CFTC registration or regulation as a CPO. In addition, the Manager is exempt from registration as a commodity trading advisor and provides commodity interest trading advice to the Fund in reliance upon applicable exemptions from registration under the CEA.
The terms of the CPO exclusion require the Fund, among other things, to adhere to certain limits on its investments in “commodity interests.” Commodity interests include commodity futures, commodity options, and certain swaps, which in turn include nondeliverable currency forwards, as further described below. Because the Manager intends to comply with the terms of the CPO exclusion with respect to the Fund, the Fund may, in the future, need to adjust its investment strategies, consistent with its investment goal, to limit its investments in these types of instruments. The Fund is not intended as a vehicle for trading in the commodity futures, commodity options, or swaps markets. The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Manager’s reliance on the CPO exclusion, the Manager’s provision of services as an exempt CTA, or the Fund, its strategies, or this SAI.
Generally, the exclusion from CPO definition and regulation on which the Manager relies requires the Fund to meet one of the following tests for its commodity interest positions, other than positions entered into for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined in the rules of the CFTC): either (1) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish the Fund’s positions in commodity interests may not exceed 5% of the liquidation value
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of the Fund’s portfolio (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions); or (2) the aggregate net notional value of the Fund’s commodity interest positions, determined at the time the most recent such position was established, may not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). In addition to meeting one of these trading limitations, the Fund may not be marketed as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the commodity futures, commodity options, or swaps markets. If, in the future, the Fund can no longer satisfy these requirements, the Manager would withdraw the notice claiming an exclusion from the definition of a CPO for the Fund, and the Manager would be subject to registration and regulation as a CPO with respect to the Fund, in accordance with CFTC rules that apply to CPOs of registered investment companies. Generally, these rules allow for substituted compliance with CFTC disclosure and shareholder reporting requirements, based on the Manager’s compliance with comparable SEC requirements. However, as a result of CFTC regulation, the Fund may incur additional compliance and other expenses.
Developing government regulation of derivatives. The regulation of cleared and uncleared swaps, as well as other derivatives, is a rapidly changing area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. In addition, the SEC, CFTC, and the exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of a market emergency, including, for example, the implementation or reduction of speculative position limits, the implementation of higher margin requirements, the establishment of daily price limits, and the suspension of trading.
It is not possible to predict fully the effects of current or future regulation. However, it is possible that developments in government regulation of various types of derivatives instruments may prevent the Fund from using or limit the Fund’s use of these instruments effectively as a part of its investment strategy, and could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective(s). The Manager will continue to monitor developments in this area. New requirements, even if not directly applicable to the Fund, may increase the cost of the Fund’s investments and cost of doing business.
Fixed Income Securities
The Fund may invest in fixed income securities.
In general, a debt security represents a loan of money to the issuer by the purchaser of the security. A debt security typically has a fixed payment schedule that obligates the issuer to pay interest to the lender and to return the lender’s money over a certain time period. Some debt securities, such as zero-coupon bonds, do not make regular interest payments but are issued at a discount to their principal or maturity value. Debt securities include a variety of fixed income obligations, including, but not limited to, corporate bonds, government securities, municipal securities, convertible securities, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities. Debt securities include investment grade, below-investment-grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”), and unrated bonds. Debt securities are subject to a variety of risks, such as interest rate risk, default risk, call/prepayment risk, inflation risk, credit risk, and, in the case of foreign bonds, country risk and currency risk. The reorganization of a debt issuer under the federal bankruptcy laws may result in the issuer’s debt securities being cancelled without repayment, repaid only in part, or repaid in part or in whole through an exchange thereof for any combination of cash, debt securities, convertible securities, equity securities, or other instruments or rights in respect of the same issuer or a related entity.
Foreign Investments
The Fund may invest in securities of foreign companies. The Fund may invest, at the time of purchase, up to 50% of its total assets in non-US companies and up to 25% of its total assets in companies located in emerging markets.
Overview. Investors should consider carefully the substantial risks associated with investing in the securities of certain governments and companies located in, or having substantial operations in, foreign countries, which are in addition to the usual risks inherent in domestic investments. As with US securities, the value of foreign securities is affected by general economic conditions and individual issuer and industry earnings prospects. Investments in depositary receipts also involve some or all of the risks described below.
There is the possibility of cessation of trading on foreign exchanges, expropriation, nationalization of assets, confiscatory or punitive taxation, withholding and other foreign taxes on income or other amounts, foreign exchange controls (which may include suspension of the ability to transfer currency from a given country), restrictions on removal of assets, political or social instability, military action or unrest, or diplomatic developments that could affect investments in securities of issuers in foreign nations. There is no assurance that the Manager will be able to anticipate these potential events. In addition, the value of securities denominated in foreign currencies and of dividends and interest paid with respect to such securities will fluctuate based on the relative strength of the US dollar compared to such foreign currencies.
There may be less publicly available information about foreign issuers that is comparable to the reports and ratings published about issuers in the US. Foreign issuers generally are not subject to uniform accounting or financial reporting standards. Auditing practices and requirements may not be comparable to those applicable to US issuers. Certain countries’ legal institutions, financial markets, and services are less developed than those in the US or other major economies. The Fund may have greater difficulty voting proxies, exercising shareholder rights, securing dividends and obtaining information regarding corporate actions on a timely basis, pursuing legal remedies, and obtaining judgments with respect to foreign investments in foreign courts than with respect to domestic issuers in US courts. The costs associated with foreign investments, including withholding taxes, brokerage commissions, and custodial costs, are generally higher than with US investments.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Certain countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons, or limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular company. Some countries limit the investment of foreign persons to only a specific class of securities of an issuer that may have less advantageous terms than securities of the issuer available for purchase by nationals. Although securities subject to such restrictions may be marketable abroad, they may be less liquid than foreign securities of the same class that are not subject to such restrictions. In some countries the repatriation of investment income, capital, and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval. The Fund could be adversely affected by delays in or a refusal to grant any required governmental registration or approval for repatriation.
From time to time, trading in a foreign market may be interrupted. Foreign markets also have substantially less volume than the US markets and securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable US issuers. The Fund, therefore, may encounter difficulty in obtaining market quotations for purposes of valuing its portfolio and calculating its NAV.
In many foreign countries, there is less government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in the US, which may result in greater potential for fraud or market manipulation. Foreign over-the-counter markets tend to be less regulated than foreign stock exchange markets and, in certain countries, may be totally unregulated. Brokerage commission rates in foreign countries, which generally are fixed rather than subject to negotiation as in the US, are likely to be higher. Foreign security trading, settlement, and custodial practices (including those involving securities settlement where assets may be released prior to receipt of payment) are often less developed than those in US markets, may be cumbersome, and may result in increased risk or substantial delays. This could occur in the event of a failed trade or the insolvency of, or breach of duty by, a foreign broker/dealer, securities depository, or foreign subcustodian.
To the extent that the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in a specific geographic region or country, the Fund will have more exposure to economic risks related to such region or country than a fund whose investments are more geographically diversified. Adverse conditions or changes in policies in a certain region or country can affect securities of other countries whose economies appear to be unrelated but are otherwise connected. In the event of economic or political turmoil, armed conflict, a deterioration of diplomatic relations or a natural or man-made disaster in a region or country where a substantial portion of the Fund’s assets are invested, the Fund may have difficulty meeting a large number of shareholder redemption requests.
Military action by Russia in Ukraine and ongoing conflicts and hostilities in the Middle East, including among the United States and Iran, as well as Israel, Hamas, Hezbollah, among others, have in recent years caused, and may continue to cause, significant disruptions to regional and global economies and global trade and supply chains, including significant negative impacts on markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas. Any cessation of trading on securities markets or other market disruptions resulting from these events may impact the value and liquidity of certain portfolio holdings. The extent and duration of these conflicts, sanctions, and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial and prolonged and adversely affect the Fund’s investments, liquidity and performance.
The holding of foreign securities may be limited by the Fund to avoid investment in certain PFICs.
Developing markets or emerging markets. Investments in companies domiciled or with significant operations in developing market or emerging market countries may be subject to potentially higher risks than investments in developed countries. These risks include, among others (i) less social, political, and economic stability; (ii) smaller securities markets with low or nonexistent trading volume, which result in greater illiquidity and greater price volatility; (iii) certain national policies which may restrict the Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; (iv) foreign taxation, including less transparent and established taxation policies; (v) less developed regulatory or legal structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property; (vi) the absence, until recently in many developing market countries, of a capital market structure or market-oriented economy; (vii) more widespread corruption and fraud; (viii) the financial institutions with which the Fund may trade may not possess the same degree of financial sophistication, creditworthiness, or resources as those in developed markets; and (ix) the possibility that recent favorable economic developments in some developing market countries may be slowed or reversed by unanticipated economic, political, or social events in such countries.
A frontier market country is also a type of developing market country and these risks are magnified in frontier market countries as they generally have smaller economies or less developed capital markets than traditional emerging market countries.
In addition, many developing market countries have experienced substantial and, during some periods, extremely high rates of inflation, for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain countries. Moreover, the economies of some developing market countries may differ unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, debt burden, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. The economies of some developing market countries may be based on only a few industries, and may be highly vulnerable to changes in local or global trade conditions.
Settlement systems in developing market countries may be less organized than in developed countries. Supervisory authorities may also be unable to apply standards that are comparable to those in more developed countries. There may be risks that settlement may be delayed and that cash or securities belonging to the Fund may be in jeopardy because of failures of or defects in the settlement systems. Market practice may require that payment be made prior to receipt of the security that is being purchased or that delivery of a security must be made before payment is received. In such cases, default by a broker or bank (the “counterparty”) through whom the relevant transaction is effected might result in a loss being suffered by the Fund. The Fund seeks, where possible, to use counterparties whose financial status reduces this risk. However, there can be no certainty
50
that the Fund will be successful in eliminating or reducing this risk, particularly as counterparties operating in developing market countries frequently lack the substance, capitalization, and/or financial resources of those in developed countries. Uncertainties in the operation of settlement systems in individual markets may increase the risk of competing claims to securities held by or to be transferred to the Fund. Legal compensation schemes may be nonexistent, limited, or inadequate to meet the Fund’s claims in any of these events.
Securities trading in developing markets presents additional credit and financial risks. The Fund may have limited access to, or there may be a limited number of, potential counterparties that trade in the securities of developing market issuers. Governmental regulations may restrict potential counterparties to certain financial institutions located or operating in the particular developing market. Potential counterparties may not possess, adopt, or implement creditworthiness standards, financial reporting standards, or legal and contractual protections similar to those in developed markets. Currency and other hedging techniques may not be available or may be limited.
The local taxation of income and capital gains accruing to nonresidents varies among developing market countries and may be comparatively high. Developing market countries typically have less well-defined tax laws and procedures and such laws may permit retroactive taxation so that the Fund could in the future become subject to local tax liabilities that had not been anticipated in conducting its investment activities or valuing its assets.
Many developing market countries suffer from uncertainty and corruption in their legal frameworks. Legislation may be difficult to interpret and laws may be too new to provide any precedential value. Laws regarding foreign investment and private property may be weak or nonexistent. Investments in developing market countries may involve risks of nationalization, expropriation, and confiscatory taxation. For example, the Communist governments of a number of Eastern European countries expropriated large amounts of private property in the past, in many cases without adequate compensation, and there can be no assurance that similar expropriation will not occur in the future. In the event of expropriation, the Fund could lose all or a substantial portion of any investments it has made in the affected countries. Accounting, auditing, and reporting standards in certain countries in which the Fund may invest may not provide the same degree of investor protection or information to investors as would generally apply in major securities markets. In addition, it is possible that purported securities in which the Fund invested may subsequently be found to be fraudulent and as a consequence the Fund could suffer losses.
Finally, currencies of developing market countries are subject to significantly greater risks than currencies of developed countries. Some developing market currencies may not be internationally traded or may be subject to strict controls by local governments, resulting in undervalued or overvalued currencies and associated difficulties with the valuation of assets, including the Fund’s securities, denominated in that currency. Some developing market countries have experienced balance of payment deficits and shortages in foreign exchange reserves. Governments have responded by restricting currency conversions. Future restrictive exchange controls could prevent or restrict a company’s ability to make dividend or interest payments in the original currency of the obligation (usually US dollars). In addition, even though the currencies of some developing market countries, such as certain Eastern European countries, may be convertible into US dollars, the conversion rates may be artificial to the actual market values and may be adverse to the Fund’s shareholders.
Foreign governmental and supranational debt securities. Investments in debt securities of foreign governmental or supranational issuers are subject to all the risks associated with investments in US and foreign securities and certain additional risks.
Foreign government debt securities, sometimes known as sovereign debt securities, include debt securities issued, sponsored, or guaranteed by: governments or governmental agencies, instrumentalities, or political subdivisions located in emerging or developed market countries; government owned, controlled, or sponsored entities located in emerging or developed market countries; and entities organized and operated for the purpose of restructuring the investment characteristics of instruments issued by any of the above issuers.
A supranational entity is a bank, commission, or company established or financially supported by the national governments of one or more countries to promote reconstruction, trade, harmonization of standards or laws; economic development; and humanitarian, political, or environmental initiatives. Supranational debt obligations include: Brady Bonds (which are debt securities issued under the framework of the Brady Plan as a means for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness); participations in loans between emerging market governments and financial institutions; and debt securities issued by supranational entities such as the World Bank, Asia Development Bank, European Investment Bank, and the European Economic Community.
Foreign government debt securities are subject to risks in addition to those relating to debt securities generally. Governmental issuers of foreign debt securities may be unwilling or unable to pay interest and repay principal, or otherwise meet obligations, when due and may require that the conditions for payment be renegotiated. As a sovereign entity, the issuing government may be immune from lawsuits in the event of its failure or refusal to pay the obligations when due. The debtor’s willingness or ability to repay in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its non-US reserves, the availability of sufficient non-US currency on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the issuing country’s economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward principal international lenders, such as the International Monetary Fund or the World Bank, and the political considerations or constraints to which the sovereign debtor may be subject. Governmental debtors also will be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments or multinational agencies and the country’s access to, or balance of, trade. Some governmental debtors have in the past been able to reschedule or restructure their debt payments without the approval of debt holders or declare moratoria on payments, and similar occurrences may happen in the future. There is no bankruptcy proceeding by which the Fund may collect in whole or in part on debt subject to default by a government.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Foreign currency exchange rates. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates will affect the US dollar market value of securities denominated in such foreign currencies and any income received or expenses paid by the Fund in that foreign currency. This may affect the Fund’s share price, income, and distributions to shareholders. Some countries may have fixed or managed currencies that are not free-floating against the US dollar. It will be more difficult for the Manager to value securities denominated in currencies that are fixed or managed. Certain currencies may not be internationally traded, which could cause illiquidity with respect to the Fund’s investments in that currency and any securities denominated in that currency. Currency markets generally are not as regulated as securities markets. The Fund endeavors to buy and sell foreign currencies on as favorable a basis as practicable. Some price spread in currency exchanges (to cover service charges) may be incurred, particularly when the Fund changes investments from one country to another or when proceeds of the sale of securities in US dollars are used for the purchase of securities denominated in foreign currencies. Some countries may adopt policies that would prevent the Fund from transferring cash out of the country or withhold portions of interest and dividends at the source.
Certain currencies have experienced a steady devaluation relative to the US dollar. Any devaluations in the currencies in which the Fund’s portfolio securities are denominated may have a detrimental impact on the Fund. Where the exchange rate for a currency declines materially after the Fund’s income has been accrued and translated into US dollars, the Fund may need to redeem portfolio securities to make required distributions. Similarly, if an exchange rate declines between the time the Fund incurs expenses in US dollars and the time such expenses are paid, the Fund will have to convert a greater amount of the currency into US dollars in order to pay the expenses.
Investing in foreign currencies for purposes of gaining from projected changes in exchange rates further increases the Fund’s exposure to foreign securities losses.
The Fund does not consider currencies or other financial commodities or contracts and financial instruments to be physical commodities (which include, for example, oil, precious metals, and grains). Accordingly, the Fund interprets the fundamental restriction related to commodities to permit it (subject to its investment objective and general investment policies) to invest directly in foreign currencies and other financial commodities and to purchase, sell, or enter into foreign currency futures contracts and options thereon, forward foreign currency contracts, foreign currency options, currency, commodity- and financial instrument-related swap agreements, hybrid instruments, interest rate, securities-related or foreign currency-related futures contracts or other currency-, commodity- or financial instrument-related derivatives, subject to compliance with any applicable provisions of the federal securities or commodities laws. The Fund also interprets its fundamental restriction regarding purchasing and selling physical commodities to permit the Fund to invest in ETFs or other entities that invest in physical and/or financial commodities.
Forward Foreign Currency Contracts
The Fund may engage in forward foreign currency contracts. The Fund may use forward foreign currency contracts to hedge currency risks, to facilitate transactions in foreign securities, and to hedge against a decline in the value of existing investments denominated in foreign currency. The Fund’s dealings in forward foreign currency contracts will be limited to hedging involving either specific transactions or Fund positions.
The Fund values its assets daily in US dollars, but it does not intend to convert the value of its foreign holdings into US dollars on a daily basis. The Fund will, however, from time to time, purchase or sell foreign currencies and/or engage in forward foreign currency contracts in order to facilitate or expedite settlement of Fund transactions and to minimize currency value fluctuations. The Fund may conduct its forward foreign currency contracts on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date (i.e., a “forward foreign currency” contract or “forward” contract), and investors should be aware of the costs of currency conversion.
When the Fund enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency, or when it anticipates the receipt in a foreign currency of dividends or interest payments on a security that it holds, the Fund may desire to “lock in” the US dollar price of the security or the US dollar equivalent of such dividend or interest payment as the case may be. By entering into a forward foreign currency contract for a fixed amount of dollars for the purchase or sale of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying transactions, the Fund will be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar and the subject foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is declared, and the date on which such payments are made or received.
Additionally, when the Manager believes that the currency of a particular foreign country may suffer a substantial decline against the US dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward foreign currency contract for a fixed amount of dollars, to sell the amount of foreign currency approximating the value of some or all of the securities of the Fund denominated in such foreign currency.
At the maturity of a forward contract, the Fund may either sell the portfolio security and make delivery of the foreign currency, or it may retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an “offsetting” contract with the same currency trader obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the foreign currency. The Fund may realize gains or losses from currency transactions.
The Fund may use forward foreign currency contracts to manage currency risks and to facilitate transactions in foreign securities. The following discussion summarizes the principal currency management strategies involving forward foreign currency contracts that could be used by the Fund.
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In connection with purchases and sales of securities denominated in foreign currencies, the Fund may enter into forward foreign currency contracts to fix a definite price for the purchase or sale in advance of the trade’s settlement date. This technique is sometimes referred to as a “settlement hedge” or “transaction hedge.” The Manager expects to enter into settlement hedges in the normal course of managing the Fund’s foreign investments. The Fund could also enter into forward foreign currency contracts to purchase or sell a foreign currency in anticipation of future purchases or sales of securities denominated in a foreign currency, even if the specific investments have not yet been selected by the Manager.
The Fund may also use forward foreign currency contracts to hedge against a decline in the value of existing investments denominated in a foreign currency. For example, if the Fund owned securities denominated in pounds sterling, it could enter into a forward foreign currency contract to sell pounds sterling in return for US dollars to hedge against possible declines in the pound’s value. Such a hedge (sometimes referred to as a “position hedge”) would tend to offset both positive and negative currency fluctuations, but would not offset changes in security values caused by other factors. The Fund could also hedge the position by selling another currency expected to perform similarly to the pound sterling — for example, by entering into a forward foreign currency contract to sell euros in return for US dollars. This type of hedge, sometimes referred to as a “proxy hedge,” could offer advantages in terms of cost, yield, or efficiency, but generally will not hedge currency exposure as effectively as a simple hedge into US dollars. Proxy hedges may result in losses if the currency used to hedge does not perform similarly to the currency in which the hedged securities are denominated.
Under definitions adopted by the CFTC and the SEC, nondeliverable forwards are considered swaps, and therefore are included in the definition of “commodity interests.” A nondeliverable forward is a cash-settled, short-term forward foreign currency contract on a thinly traded or nonconvertible foreign currency, where the profit or loss at the time of the settlement date is calculated by taking the difference between the agreed upon exchange rate and the spot rate at the time of settlement, for an agreed upon notional amount of funds. Although nondeliverable forwards have historically been traded in the OTC market, as swaps they may in the future be required to be centrally cleared and traded on public facilities. Currency and cross currency forwards that qualify as deliverable forwards are not regulated as swaps for most purposes, and are not included in the definition of “commodity interests.” However these forwards are subject to some requirements applicable to swaps, including reporting to swap data repositories, documentation requirements, and business conduct rules applicable to swap dealers.
Risks of forward foreign currency contracts. The successful use of these transactions will usually depend on the Manager’s ability to accurately forecast currency exchange rate movements. Should exchange rates move in an unexpected manner, the Fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the transaction, or it may realize losses. In addition, these techniques could result in a loss if the counterparty to the transaction does not perform as promised, for example, due to bankruptcy or insolvency of the counterparty. While the Fund uses only counterparties that meet its credit quality standards, in unusual or extreme market conditions, a counterparty’s creditworthiness and ability to perform may deteriorate rapidly, and the availability of suitable replacement counterparties may become limited. Moreover, investors should bear in mind that the Fund is not obligated to actively engage in hedging or other currency transactions. For example, the Fund may not attempt to hedge its exposure to a particular foreign currency at a time when doing so might avoid a loss.
Forward foreign currency contracts may limit potential gain from a positive change in the relationship between the US dollar and foreign currencies. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the Fund than if it had not engaged in such contracts. Moreover, there may be an imperfect correlation between the Fund’s portfolio holdings of securities denominated in a particular currency and the currencies bought or sold in the forward foreign currency contracts entered into by the Fund. This imperfect correlation may cause the Fund to sustain losses that will prevent the Fund from achieving a complete hedge or expose the Fund to risk of foreign exchange loss.
Futures and Options on Futures
The Fund may enter into contracts for the purchase or sale for future delivery of securities or foreign currencies. The Fund may enter into such futures contracts to protect against the adverse effects of fluctuations in interest or foreign exchange rates without actually buying or selling the securities or foreign currency. With respect to options on futures contracts, when the Fund is not fully invested, it may purchase a call option on a futures contract to hedge against a market advance.
Futures contracts. Generally, a futures contract is a standard binding agreement to buy or sell a specified quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a specific security, currency or commodity, at a specified price at a specified later date. A “sale” of a futures contract means the acquisition of a contractual obligation to deliver the underlying reference instrument called for by the contract at a specified price on a specified date. A “purchase” of a futures contract means the acquisition of a contractual obligation to acquire the underlying reference instrument called for by the contract at a specified price on a specified date. The purchase or sale of a futures contract will allow the Fund to increase or decrease its exposure to the underlying reference instrument without having to buy the actual instrument.
The underlying reference instruments to which futures contracts may relate include non-US currencies, interest rates, stock and bond indices, and debt securities, including US government debt obligations. In most cases the contractual obligation under a futures contract may be offset, or “closed out,” before the settlement date so that the parties do not have to make or take delivery. The closing out of a contractual obligation is usually accomplished by buying or selling, as the case may be, an identical, offsetting futures contract. This transaction, which is effected through a member of an exchange, cancels the obligation to make or take delivery of the underlying instrument or asset. Although some futures contracts by their terms require the actual delivery or acquisition of the underlying instrument or asset, some require cash settlement.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
Futures contracts may be bought and sold on US and non-US exchanges. Futures contracts in the US have been designed by exchanges that have been designated “contract markets” by the CFTC and must be executed through a FCM, which is a brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant contract market. Each exchange guarantees performance of the contracts as between the clearing members of the exchange, thereby reducing the risk of counterparty default. Futures contracts may also be entered into on certain exempt markets, including exempt boards of trade and electronic trading facilities, available to certain market participants. Because all transactions in the futures market are made, offset, or fulfilled by an FCM through a clearinghouse associated with the exchange on which the contracts are traded, the Fund will incur brokerage fees when it buys or sells futures contracts.
The Fund generally buys and sells futures contracts only on contract markets (including exchanges or boards of trade) where there appears to be an active market for the futures contracts, but there is no assurance that an active market will exist for any particular contract or at any particular time. An active market makes it more likely that futures contracts will be liquid and bought and sold at competitive market prices. In addition, many of the futures contracts available may be relatively new instruments without a significant trading history. As a result, there can be no assurance that an active market will develop or continue to exist.
When the Fund enters into a futures contract, it must deliver to an account controlled by the FCM (that has been selected by the Fund), an amount referred to as “initial margin” that is typically calculated as an amount equal to the volatility in the market value of a contract over a fixed period. Initial margin requirements are determined by the respective exchanges on which the futures contracts are traded and the FCM. Thereafter, a “variation margin” amount may be required to be paid by the Fund or received by the Fund in accordance with margin controls set for such accounts, depending upon changes in the marked-to-market value of the futures contract. The account is marked-to-market daily and the variation margin is monitored by the Manager and the Fund’s custodian on a daily basis. When the futures contract is closed out, if the Fund has a loss equal to or greater than the margin amount, the margin amount is paid to the FCM along with any loss in excess of the margin amount. If the Fund has a loss of less than the margin amount, the excess margin is returned to the Fund. If the Fund has a gain, the full margin amount and the amount of the gain are paid to the Fund.
Some futures contracts provide for the delivery of securities that are different than those that are specified in the contract. For a futures contract for delivery of debt securities, on the settlement date of the contract, adjustments to the contract can be made to recognize differences in value arising from the delivery of debt securities with a different interest rate from that of the particular debt securities that were specified in the contract. In some cases, securities called for by a futures contract may not have been issued when the contract was written.
Risks of futures contracts. The Fund’s use of futures contracts is subject to the risks associated with derivatives instruments generally. In addition, a purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses to the Fund in excess of the amount that the Fund delivered as initial margin. Because of the relatively low margin deposits required, futures trading involves a high degree of leverage; as a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss, or gain, to the Fund. In addition, if the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements or close out a futures position, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. Adverse market movements could cause the Fund to experience substantial losses on an investment in a futures contract.
There is a risk of loss by the Fund of the initial and variation margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of the FCM with which the Fund has an open position in a futures contract. The assets of the Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of the FCM or central counterparty because the Fund might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s customers. If the FCM does not provide accurate reporting, the Fund is also subject to the risk that the FCM could use the Fund’s assets, which are held in an omnibus account with assets belonging to the FCM’s other customers, to satisfy its own financial obligations or the payment obligations of another customer to the central counterparty.
The Fund may not be able to properly hedge or effect its strategy when a liquid market is unavailable for the futures contract the Fund wishes to close, which may at times occur. In addition, when futures contracts are used for hedging, there may be an imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the underlying reference instrument on which the futures contract is based and movements in the prices of the assets sought to be hedged.
If the Manager’s investment judgment about the general direction of market prices or interest or currency exchange rates is incorrect, the Fund’s overall performance will be poorer than if it had not entered into a futures contract. For example, if the Fund has purchased futures to hedge against the possibility of an increase in interest rates that would adversely affect the price of bonds held in its portfolio and interest rates instead decrease, the Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of the bonds which it has hedged. This is because its losses in its futures positions will offset some or all of its gains from the increased value of the bonds.
The difference (called the “spread”) between prices in the cash market for the purchase and sale of the underlying reference instrument and the prices in the futures market is subject to fluctuations and distortions due to differences in the nature of those two markets. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to initial deposit and variation margin requirements. Rather than meeting additional variation margin requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions that could distort the normal pricing spread between the cash and futures markets. Second, the liquidity of the futures markets depends on participants entering into offsetting transactions rather than making or taking delivery of the underlying instrument. To the extent participants decide to make or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced, resulting in pricing distortion. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the margin deposit requirements that apply in the futures market are less
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onerous than similar margin requirements in the securities market. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may cause temporary price distortions. When such distortions occur, a correct forecast of general trends in the price of an underlying reference instrument by the Manager may still not necessarily result in a profitable transaction.
Futures contracts that are traded on non-US exchanges may not be as liquid as those purchased on CFTC-designated contract markets. In addition, non-US futures contracts may be subject to varied regulatory oversight. The price of any non-US futures contract and, therefore, the potential profit and loss thereon, may be affected by any change in the non-US exchange rate between the time a particular order is placed and the time it is liquidated, offset or exercised.
The CFTC and the various exchanges have established limits referred to as “speculative position limits” on the maximum net long or net short position that any person, such as the Fund, may hold or control in a particular futures contract. Trading limits are also imposed on the maximum number of contracts that any person may trade on a particular trading day. An exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in violation of these limits and it may impose other sanctions or restrictions. The regulation of futures, as well as other derivatives, is a rapidly changing area of law.
Futures exchanges may also limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day. This daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and does not limit potential losses because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. For example, futures prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to substantial losses.
Options on futures contracts. Options on futures contracts trade on the same contract markets as the underlying futures contract. When a fund buys an option, it pays a premium for the right, but does not have the obligation, to purchase (call) or sell (put) a futures contract at a set price (called the exercise price). The purchase of a call or put option on a futures contract, whereby the Fund has the right to purchase or sell, respectively, a particular futures contract, is similar in some respects to the purchase of a call or put option on an individual security or currency. Depending on the premium paid for the option compared to either the price of the futures contract upon which it is based or the price of the underlying reference instrument, the option may be less risky than direct ownership of the futures contract or the underlying reference instrument. For example, a fund could purchase a call option on a long futures contract when seeking to hedge against an increase in the market value of the underlying reference instrument, such as appreciation in the value of a non-US currency against the US dollar.
The seller (writer) of an option becomes contractually obligated to take the opposite futures position if the buyer of the option exercises its rights to the futures position specified in the option. In return for the premium paid by the buyer, the seller assumes the risk of taking a possibly adverse futures position. In addition, the seller will be required to post and maintain initial and variation margin with the FCM. One goal of selling (writing) options on futures may be to receive the premium paid by the option buyer.
For more general information about the mechanics of purchasing and writing options, see “Options” below.
Risks of options on futures contracts. The Fund’s use of options on futures contracts is subject to the risks related to derivatives instruments generally. In addition, the amount of risk the Fund assumes when it purchases an option on a futures contract is the premium paid for the option plus related transaction costs. The purchase of an option also entails the risk that changes in the value of the underlying futures contract will not be fully reflected in the value of the option purchased. The seller (writer) of an option on a futures contract is subject to the risk of having to take a possibly adverse futures position if the purchaser of the option exercises its rights. If the seller were required to take such a position, it could bear substantial losses. An option writer has potentially unlimited economic risk because its potential loss, except to the extent offset by the premium received, is equal to the amount the option is “in-the-money” at the expiration date. A call option is in-the-money if the value of the underlying futures contract exceeds the exercise price of the option. A put option is in-the-money if the exercise price of the option exceeds the value of the underlying futures contract. Use of these strategies can increase the operating costs of the Fund and can lead to loss of principal. It is anticipated that Fund’s investments in futures may generate qualifying income under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.
Illiquid and Restricted Investments
The Fund is permitted to invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments. For purposes of the Fund’s 15% limitation, illiquid investment means any investment that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment, as determined pursuant to the 1940 Act and applicable rules and regulations thereunder. Illiquid investments, for purposes of this policy, include repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven calendar days.
The Fund may purchase privately placed debt and other securities whose resale is restricted under applicable securities laws. The Fund may invest in restricted securities, including securities eligible for resale without registration pursuant to Rule 144A Securities under the 1933 Act. Rule 144A exempts many privately placed and legally restricted securities from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act and permits such securities to be
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Investment Strategies and Risks
freely traded among certain institutional buyers such as the Fund. Restricted securities may involve some additional risk since they can be resold only in privately negotiated transactions or after registration under applicable securities laws. The registration process may involve delays which would result in the Fund obtaining a less favorable price on a resale.
The Manager is responsible for the day-to-day functions of determining whether or not individual Rule 144A Securities are liquid for purposes of the Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid investments. The Manager considers the following factors in determining the liquidity of a Rule 144A Security: (i) the frequency of trades and trading volume for the security; (ii) whether at least three dealers are willing to purchase or sell the security and the number of potential purchasers; (iii) whether at least two dealers are making a market in the security; and (iv) the nature of the security and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer).
If the Manager determines that a Rule 144A Security which was previously determined to be liquid is no longer liquid and, as a result, the Fund’s holdings of illiquid investments exceed its limit on investment in such investments, the Manager will determine what action shall be taken to ensure that the Fund continues to adhere to such limitation.
Investment Companies
The Fund may invest in other investment companies, including ETFs, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, SEC rules thereunder and exemptions thereto.
Specifically, Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act requires that, as determined immediately after a purchase is made, (i) not more than 5% of the value of a fund’s total assets will be invested in the securities of any one investment company, (ii) not more than 10% of the value of a fund’s total assets will be invested in securities of investment companies as a group, and (iii) not more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any one investment company will be owned by a fund. The Fund will limit its investments in other investment companies in accordance with the Section 12(d)(1) limitations set forth above, except to the extent that any statutes, rules, regulations or no-action or exemptive relief under the 1940 Act permit the Fund’s investments to exceed such limits. For example, the Fund may rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act to invest in other investment companies, including ETFs, beyond these limits. Rule 12d1-4 allows a fund to acquire the securities of another investment company in excess of the limitations imposed by Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act without first obtaining an exemptive order from the SEC, provided that certain conditions are met. Among those conditions, for example, are the requirements that that a fund and its advisory group will not control an acquired fund (as defined in the rule) and the acquired fund does not, in turn, itself invest in underlying funds and ETFs beyond certain limits.
Because investment companies generally pay advisory, administrative and other fees that are borne indirectly by investors, a fund will generally bear a proportionate share of these expenses when it invests in another investment company. In addition, to the extent a fund invests in an ETF, it may also incur brokerage commissions in connection with the purchase and sale of the ETF’s shares.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by closed-end funds, subject to any of the Fund’s investment policies. If the Fund invests in shares issued by leveraged closed-end funds, it will face certain risks associated with leveraged investments. Investments in closed-end funds are subject to additional risks. For example, the price of the closed-end fund’s shares quoted on an exchange may not reflect the NAV of the securities held by the closed-end fund, and the premium or discount the share prices represent versus NAV may change over time based on a variety of factors, including supply of and demand for the closed-end fund’s shares, that are outside the closed-end fund’s control or unrelated to the value of the underlying portfolio securities. If the Fund invests in the closed-end fund to gain exposure to the closed-end fund’s investments, the lack of correlation between the performance of the closed-end fund’s investments and the closed-end fund’s share price may compromise or eliminate any such exposure.
To the extent that the Fund invests in an ETF, the market value of the ETF shares may differ from its NAV because the supply and demand in the market for ETF shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying securities. Also, ETFs that track particular indices typically will be unable to match the performance of the index exactly due to the ETFs’ operating expenses and transaction costs.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (“MBS”)
The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”).
Overview. MBS, also referred to as mortgage securities or mortgage-related securities, represent an ownership interest in a pool of mortgage loans, usually originated by mortgage bankers, commercial banks, savings and loan associations, savings banks, and credit unions to finance purchases of homes, commercial buildings, or other real estate. The individual mortgage loans are packaged or “pooled” together for sale to investors. These mortgage loans may have either fixed or adjustable interest rates. A guarantee or other form of credit support may be attached to an MBS to protect against default on obligations.
As the underlying mortgage loans are paid off, investors receive principal and interest payments, which “pass-through” when received from individual borrowers, net of any fees owed to the administrator, guarantor, or other service providers. Some MBS make payments of both principal and interest at a range of specified intervals; others make semiannual interest payments at a predetermined rate and repay principal at maturity (like a typical bond).
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MBS are based on different types of mortgages, including those on commercial real estate or residential properties. The primary issuers or guarantors of MBS have historically been Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac. Other issuers of MBS include commercial banks and other private lenders.
Ginnie Mae is a wholly owned US government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Ginnie Mae guarantees the principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by Ginnie Mae (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers). Ginnie Mae also guarantees the principal and interest on securities backed by pools of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (the “FHA”), or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (the “VA”). Ginnie Mae’s guarantees are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Guarantees as to the timely payment of principal and interest do not extend to the value or yield of MBS nor do they extend to the value of the Fund’s shares which will fluctuate daily with market conditions.
Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored corporation, but its common stock is owned by private stockholders. Fannie Mae purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions, and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by Fannie Mae are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by Fannie Mae, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
Freddie Mac was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the 12 Federal Home Loan Banks but now its common stock is owned entirely by private stockholders. Freddie Mac issues Participation Certificates (“PCs”), which are pass-through securities, each representing an undivided interest in a pool of residential mortgages. Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
Although the MBS of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government, the Secretary of the Treasury has the authority to support Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac by purchasing limited amounts of their respective obligations. The yields on these MBS have historically exceeded the yields on other types of US government securities with comparable maturities due largely to their prepayment risk. The US government, in the past, provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, but no assurance can be given that the US government will continue to do so.
On September 6, 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers, and privileges of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and of any stockholder, officer, or director of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. FHFA selected a new chief executive officer and chairman of the board of directors for each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Also, the US Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement imposing various covenants that severely limit each enterprise’s operations.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac continue to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations associated with its MBS. The FHFA has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, including the guaranty obligations of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Accordingly, securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will involve a risk of nonpayment of principal and interest.
MBS that are issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to the Fund’s industry concentration restrictions, set forth under “Fundamental Investment Policies,” by virtue of the exclusion from that test available to securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. In the case of privately issued MBS, the Fund categorizes, where possible, the securities by the issuer’s industry for purposes of the Fund’s industry concentration restrictions.
Additional risks. In addition to the special risks described below, MBS are subject to many of the same risks as other types of debt securities. The market value of MBS, like other debt securities, will generally vary inversely with changes in market interest rates, declining when interest rates rise and rising when interest rates decline. MBS differ from conventional debt securities in that most MBS are pass-through securities. This means that they typically provide investors with periodic payments (typically monthly) consisting of a pro rata share of both regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool (net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities and any applicable loan servicing fees). As a result, the holder of the MBS (i.e., the Fund) receives scheduled payments of principal and interest and may receive unscheduled principal payments representing prepayments on the underlying mortgages. The rate of prepayments on the underlying mortgages generally increases as interest rates decline, and when the Fund reinvests the payments and any unscheduled prepayments of principal it receives, it may receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the existing MBS. For this reason, pass-through MBS may have less potential for capital appreciation as interest rates decline and may be less effective than other types of US government or other debt securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates. In general, fixed rate MBS have greater exposure to this “prepayment risk” than variable rate securities.
An unexpected rise in interest rates could extend the average life of an MBS because of a lower than expected level of prepayments or higher than expected amounts of late payments or defaults. In addition, to the extent MBS are purchased at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and unscheduled principal prepayments may result in some loss of the holder’s principal investment to the extent of the premium paid. On the other
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Investment Strategies and Risks
hand, if MBS are purchased at a discount, both a scheduled payment of principal and an unscheduled prepayment of principal will increase current and total returns and will accelerate the recognition of income that, when distributed to shareholders, will generally be treated as ordinary income. Regulatory or tax changes may also adversely affect the MBS market as a whole.
Guarantees. The existence of a guarantee or other form of credit support on an MBS usually increases the price that the Fund pays for the security. There is always the risk that the guarantor will default on its obligations. When the guarantor is the US government, there is minimal risk of guarantor default. However, the risk remains if the credit support or guarantee is provided by a private party or a US government agency or sponsored enterprise. Even if the guarantor meets its obligations, there can be no assurance that the type of guarantee or credit support provided will be effective at reducing losses or delays to investors, given the nature of the default. A guarantee only assures timely payment of interest and principal, not a particular rate of return on the Fund’s investment or protection against prepayment or other risks. The market price and yield of the MBS at any given time are not guaranteed and are likely to fluctuate.
Options
The Fund may purchase call options or put options. The Fund may purchase or write options on securities, securities indices, and currencies. The Fund will not engage in option writing strategies for speculative purposes. The Fund intends to purchase put options in order to protect against a decline in the market value of the underlying security below the exercise price less the premium paid for the option (“protective puts”). The Fund also may purchase and write put and call options on foreign currencies (traded on US and foreign exchanges or over-the-counter) for hedging purposes to protect against declines in the US dollar value of foreign securities held by the Fund and against increases in the US dollar cost of such securities to be acquired. Call options on foreign currency written by the Fund will be covered, which means that the Fund will own the underlying foreign currency. The Fund may invest in options that are either exchange listed or traded over-the-counter. Options written by the Fund will normally have expiration dates between one and nine months from the date written. Certain over-the-counter options may be illiquid. Thus, it may not be possible to close options positions and this may have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to effectively hedge its securities. The Fund will not invest more than 15% of its assets in illiquid investments.
Overview. An option is a contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in return for the premium paid, the right to buy an underlying reference instrument, such as a specified security, currency, index, or other instrument, from the writer of the option (in the case of a call option), or to sell a specified reference instrument to the writer of the option (in the case of a put option) at a designated price during the term of the option. The premium paid by the buyer of an option will reflect, among other things, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price and the volatility of the underlying reference instrument; the remaining term of the option, supply, demand, or interest rates; and/or currency exchange rates. An American style put or call option may be exercised at any time during the option period while a European style put or call option may be exercised only upon expiration or during a fixed period prior thereto. Put and call options are traded on national securities exchanges and in the OTC market.
Options traded on national securities exchanges are within the jurisdiction of the SEC or other appropriate national securities regulator, as are securities traded on such exchanges. As a result, many of the protections provided to traders on organized exchanges will be available with respect to such transactions. In particular, all option positions entered into on a national securities exchange in the US are cleared and guaranteed by the Options Clearing Corporation, thereby reducing the risk of counterparty default. Furthermore, a liquid secondary market in options traded on a national securities exchange may be more readily available than in the OTC market, potentially permitting the Fund to liquidate open positions at a profit prior to exercise or expiration, or to limit losses in the event of adverse market movements. There is no assurance, however, that higher than anticipated trading activity or other unforeseen events might not temporarily render the capabilities of the Options Clearing Corporation inadequate, and thereby result in the exchange instituting special procedures which may interfere with the timely execution of the Fund’s orders to close out open options positions.
Purchasing call and put options. As the buyer of a call option, the Fund has a right to buy the underlying reference instrument (e.g., a currency or security) at the exercise price at any time during the option period (for American style options). The Fund may enter into closing sale transactions with respect to call options, exercise them, or permit them to expire. For example, the Fund may buy call options on underlying reference instruments that it intends to buy with the goal of limiting the risk of a substantial increase in their market price before the purchase is effected. Unless the price of the underlying reference instrument changes sufficiently, a call option purchased by the Fund may expire without any value to the Fund, in which case the Fund would experience a loss to the extent of the premium paid for the option plus related transaction costs.
As the buyer of a put option, the Fund has the right to sell the underlying reference instrument at the exercise price at any time during the option period (for American style options). As with a call option, the Fund may enter into closing sale transactions with respect to put options, exercise them or permit them to expire. The Fund may buy a put option on an underlying reference instrument owned by the Fund (a protective put) as a hedging technique in an attempt to protect against an anticipated decline in the market value of the underlying reference instrument. Such hedge protection is provided only during the life of the put option when the Fund, as the buyer of the put option, is able to sell the underlying reference instrument at the put exercise price, regardless of any decline in the underlying instrument’s market price. The Fund may also seek to offset a decline in the value of the underlying reference instrument through appreciation in the value of the put option. A put option may also be purchased with the intent of protecting unrealized appreciation of an instrument when the Manager deems it desirable to continue to hold the instrument because of tax or other considerations. The premium paid for the put option and any transaction costs would reduce any short-term capital gain that
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may be available for distribution when the instrument is eventually sold. Buying put options at a time when the buyer does not own the underlying reference instrument allows the buyer to benefit from a decline in the market price of the underlying reference instrument, which generally increases the value of the put option.
If a put option were not terminated in a closing sale transaction when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying reference instrument remains equal to or greater than the exercise price during the life of the put option, the buyer would not make any gain upon exercise of the option and would experience a loss to the extent of the premium paid for the option plus related transaction costs. In order for the purchase of a put option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying reference instrument must decline sufficiently below the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs.
Writing call and put options. Writing options may permit the writer to generate additional income in the form of the premium received for writing the option. The writer of an option may have no control over when the underlying reference instruments must be sold (in the case of a call option) or purchased (in the case of a put option) because the writer may be notified of exercise at any time prior to the expiration of the option (for American style options). Whether or not an option expires unexercised, the writer retains the amount of the premium. Writing “covered” call options means that the writer owns the underlying reference instrument that is subject to the call option.
If the Fund writes a covered call option, any underlying reference instruments that are held by the Fund and subject to the call option will be earmarked on the books of the Fund as segregated to satisfy its obligations under the option. The Fund will be unable to sell the underlying reference instruments that are subject to the written call option until the Fund either effects a closing transaction with respect to the written call, or otherwise satisfies the conditions for release of the underlying reference instruments from segregation. As the writer of a covered call option, the Fund gives up the potential for capital appreciation above the exercise price of the option should the underlying reference instrument rise in value. If the value of the underlying reference instrument rises above the exercise price of the call option, the reference instrument will likely be “called away,” requiring the Fund to sell the underlying instrument at the exercise price. In that case, the Fund will sell the underlying reference instrument to the option buyer for less than its market value, and the Fund will experience a loss (which will be offset by the premium received by the Fund as the writer of such option). If a call option expires unexercised, the Fund will realize a gain in the amount of the premium received. If the market price of the underlying reference instrument decreases, the call option will not be exercised and the Fund will be able to use the amount of the premium received to hedge against the loss in value of the underlying reference instrument. The exercise price of a call option will be chosen based upon the expected price movement of the underlying reference instrument. The exercise price of a call option may be below, equal to (at-the-money), or above the current value of the underlying reference instrument at the time the option is written.
As the writer of a put option, the Fund has a risk of loss should the underlying reference instrument decline in value. If the value of the underlying reference instrument declines below the exercise price of the put option and the put option is exercised, the Fund, as the writer of the put option, will be required to buy the instrument at the exercise price, which will exceed the market value of the underlying reference instrument at that time. The Fund will incur a loss to the extent that the current market value of the underlying reference instrument is less than the exercise price of the put option. However, the loss will be offset in part by the premium received from the buyer of the put. If a put option written by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund will realize a gain in the amount of the premium received.
Closing out options (exchange-traded options). As the writer of an option, if the Fund wants to terminate its obligation, the Fund may effect a “closing purchase transaction” by buying an option of the same series as the option previously written. The effect of the purchase is that the clearing corporation will cancel the Fund’s position. However, a writer may not effect a closing purchase transaction after being notified of the exercise of an option. Likewise, the buyer of an option may recover all or a portion of the premium that it paid by effecting a “closing sale transaction” by selling an option of the same series as the option previously purchased and receiving a premium on the sale. There is no guarantee that either a closing purchase or a closing sale transaction may be made at a time desired by the Fund. Closing transactions allow the Fund to terminate its positions in written and purchased options. The Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the price of the transaction is less than the premium received from writing the original option (in the case of written options) or is more than the premium paid by the Fund to buy the option (in the case of purchased options). For example, increases in the market price of a call option sold by the Fund will generally reflect increases in the market price of the underlying reference instrument. As a result, any loss resulting from a closing transaction on a written call option is likely to be offset in whole or in part by appreciation of the underlying instrument owned by the Fund.
OTC options. Like exchange-traded options, OTC options give the holder the right to buy from the writer, in the case of OTC call options, or sell to the writer, in the case of OTC put options, an underlying reference instrument at a stated exercise price. OTC options, however, differ from exchange-traded options in certain material respects.
OTC options are arranged directly with dealers and not with a clearing corporation or exchange. Consequently, there is a risk of nonperformance by the dealer, including because of the dealer’s bankruptcy or insolvency. While the Fund uses only counterparties, such as dealers, that meet its credit quality standards, in unusual or extreme market conditions, a counterparty’s creditworthiness and ability to perform may deteriorate rapidly, and the availability of suitable replacement counterparties may become limited. Because there is no exchange, pricing is typically done based on information from market makers or other dealers. OTC options are available for a greater variety of underlying reference instruments and in a wider range of expiration dates and exercise prices than exchange-traded options.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
There can be no assurance that a continuous liquid secondary market will exist for any particular OTC option at any specific time. The Fund may be able to realize the value of an OTC option it has purchased only by exercising it or entering into a closing sale transaction with the dealer that issued it. When the Fund writes an OTC option, it generally can close out that option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer with which the Fund originally wrote the option. The Fund may suffer a loss if it is not able to exercise the option (in the case of a purchased option) or enter into a closing sale transaction on a timely basis.
Risks of options. The Fund’s options investments involve certain risks, including general risks related to derivatives instruments. There can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular option, or at any particular time, and the Fund may have difficulty effecting closing transactions in particular options. Therefore, the Fund would have to exercise the options it purchased in order to realize any profit, thus taking or making delivery of the underlying reference instrument when not desired. The Fund could then incur transaction costs upon the sale of the underlying reference instruments. Similarly, when the Fund cannot effect a closing transaction with respect to a put option it wrote, and the buyer exercises, the Fund would be required to take delivery and would incur transaction costs upon the sale of the underlying reference instruments purchased. If the Fund, as a covered call option writer, is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it will not be able to sell the underlying reference instrument until the option expires, it delivers the underlying instrument upon exercise, or it segregates enough liquid assets to purchase the underlying reference instrument at the marked-to-market price during the term of the option. When trading options on non-US exchanges or in the OTC market, many of the protections afforded to exchange participants will not be available. For example, there may be no daily price fluctuation limits, and adverse market movements could therefore continue to an unlimited extent over an indefinite period of time.
The effectiveness of an options strategy for hedging depends on the degree to which price movements in the underlying reference instruments correlate with price movements in the relevant portion of the Fund’s portfolio that is being hedged. In addition, the Fund bears the risk that the prices of its portfolio investments will not move in the same amount as the option it has purchased or sold for hedging purposes, or that there may be a negative correlation that would result in a loss on both the investments and the option. If the Manager is not successful in using options in managing the Fund’s investments, the Fund’s performance will be worse than if the Manager did not employ such strategies.
Preferred Securities
The Fund may invest in preferred securities. Unlike debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the holders of preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of default (such as a covenant default or filing of a bankruptcy petition) or other noncompliance by the issuer with the terms of the preferred stock. Often, however, on the occurrence of any such event of default or noncompliance by the issuer, preferred stockholders will be entitled to gain representation on the issuer’s board of directors or increase their existing board representation. In addition, preferred stockholders may be granted voting rights with respect to certain issues on the occurrence of any event of default.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may, from time to time, enter into repurchase agreement transactions which are at least 102% collateralized by US government securities. The Fund will only enter into repurchase agreements in which the collateral is composed of US government securities.
Typically, the Fund uses repurchase agreements as short-term investments for its cash position or for temporary defensive purposes. At the Manager’s discretion, the Fund may invest overnight cash balances in short-term discount notes issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or government-sponsored corporations.
Under a repurchase agreement, the Fund agrees to buy securities guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities from a qualified bank or broker/dealer and then to sell the securities back to the bank or broker/dealer on an agreed upon date (generally less than seven days) at a higher price, which reflects currently prevailing short-term interest rates. Entering into repurchase agreements allows the Fund to earn a return on cash in the Fund’s portfolio that would otherwise remain uninvested. The bank or broker/dealer must transfer to the Fund’s custodian, as collateral, securities with an initial market value of at least 102% of the dollar amount paid by the Fund to the counterparty. The Manager will monitor the value of such collateral daily to determine that the value of the collateral equals or exceeds the repurchase price.
Repurchase agreements may involve risks in the event of default or insolvency of the bank or broker/dealer, including possible delays or restrictions upon the Fund’s ability to sell the underlying securities and additional expenses in seeking to enforce the Fund’s rights and recover any losses. The Fund will enter into repurchase agreements only with parties who meet certain creditworthiness standards, i.e., banks or broker/dealers that the Manager has determined, based on the information available at the time, present no serious risk of becoming involved in bankruptcy proceedings within the time frame contemplated by the repurchase agreement. Although the Fund seeks to limit the credit risk under a repurchase agreement by carefully selecting counterparties and accepting only high-quality collateral, some credit risk remains. The counterparty could default, which may make it necessary for the Fund to incur expenses to liquidate the collateral. In addition, the collateral may decline in value before it can be liquidated by the Fund. A repurchase agreement with more than seven days to maturity may be considered an illiquid investment and may be subject to the Fund’s investment restriction on illiquid investments.
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The Nomura Funds have obtained an exemption (the “Order”) from the joint-transaction prohibitions of Section 17(d) of the 1940 Act to allow Nomura Funds jointly to invest cash balances. As part of the Nomura Funds, the Fund may invest cash balances in a joint repurchase agreement in accordance with the terms of the Order and subject generally to the conditions described above.
Securities Lending
The Fund may loan up to 25% of its assets to qualified broker/dealers or institutional investors for their use relating to short sales or other security transactions.
The Fund, along with other funds in the Nomura Funds, may lend its securities pursuant to a security lending agreement (“Securities Lending Agreement”) with The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNY”). At the time a security is loaned, the borrower must post collateral equal to the required percentage of the market value of the loaned security, including any accrued interest. The required percentage is: (i) 102% with respect to US securities and foreign securities that are denominated and payable in US dollars; and (ii) 105% with respect to foreign securities. With respect to each loan if, on any business day, the aggregate market value of securities collateral plus cash collateral held is less than the aggregate market value of the securities which are the subject of such loan, the borrower will be notified to provide additional collateral by the end of the following business day which, together with the collateral already held, will be not less than the applicable initial collateral requirements for such security loan. If the aggregate market value of securities collateral and cash collateral held with respect to a security loan exceeds the applicable initial collateral requirement, upon the request of the borrower, BNY must return enough collateral to the borrower by the end of the following business day to reduce the value of the remaining collateral to the applicable initial collateral requirement for such security loan. As a result of the foregoing, the value of the collateral held with respect to a loaned security on any particular day may be more or less than the value of the security on loan.
The investment guidelines permit each separate account to hold certain securities that would be considered eligible securities for a money market fund. Cash collateral received is generally invested in government securities; certain obligations issued by government sponsored enterprises; repurchase agreements collateralized by US Treasury securities; certain obligations issued by the central government of any Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”) country or its agencies, instrumentalities or establishments; certain obligations of supranational organizations, commercial paper, notes, bonds and other debt obligations; certificates of deposit, time deposits and other bank obligations; and asset-backed securities.
The Fund can also accept US government securities and letters of credit (non-cash collateral) in connection with securities loans. In the event of default or bankruptcy by the lending agent, realization and/or retention of the collateral may be subject to legal proceedings. In the event the borrower fails to return the loaned securities and the collateral received is insufficient to cover the value of the loaned securities and provided such collateral shortfall is not the result of investment losses, the lending agent has agreed to pay the amount of the shortfall to the Fund or, at the discretion of the lending agent, replace the loaned securities. The Fund continues to record dividends or interest, as applicable, on the securities loaned and is subject to changes in value of the securities loaned that may occur during the term of the loan. The Fund has the right under the Lending Agreement to recover the securities from the borrower on demand. With respect to security loans collateralized by non-cash collateral, the Fund receives loan premiums paid by the borrower. With respect to security loans collateralized by cash collateral, the earnings from the collateral investments are shared among the Fund, the security lending agent, and the borrower. The Fund records security lending income net of allocations to the security lending agent and the borrower.
Short-Term Debt Instruments and Temporary Investments
The Fund may invest in money market securities (the types of which are discussed below) for liquidity and cash management purposes or if the Manager determines that securities meeting the Fund’s investment objective and policies are not otherwise readily available for purchase. The Fund may invest its cash balance in US government securities and other short-term instruments. For temporary defensive purposes during periods when the Manager determines that conditions warrant, the Fund may increase this percentage up to 100%. The Fund may take temporary defensive positions in reaction to unusual market conditions, anticipated redemptions, or other events. For purposes of these policies, money market securities include (i) short-term US government securities, including custodial receipts evidencing separately traded interest and principal components of securities issued by the US Treasury; (ii) commercial paper rated in the highest short-term rating category by a NRSRO, such as S&P or Moody’s, or determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality at the time of purchase; (iii) short-term bank obligations (certificates of deposit, time deposits, and bankers’ acceptances) of US domestic banks, foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks, and commercial banks with assets of at least $1 billion as of the end of their most recent fiscal year; and (iv) repurchase agreements involving such securities. Each of these types of money market securities is discussed in more detail in this SAI.
US Government Securities. Examples of types of US government obligations in which the Fund may invest include US Treasury obligations and the obligations of US government agencies such as Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the US, Small Business Administration, Fannie Mae, Ginnie Mae, General Services Administration, Student Loan Marketing Association, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Freddie Mac, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Maritime Administration, and other similar agencies. Whether backed by the full faith and credit of the US Treasury or not, US government securities are not guaranteed against price movements due to fluctuating interest rates.
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Investment Strategies and Risks
| | US Treasury Obligations. US Treasury obligations consist of bills, notes, and bonds issued by the US Treasury and separately traded interest and principal component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the federal book-entry system known as Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (“STRIPS”) and Treasury Receipts (“TRs”). |
| | Receipts. Interests in separately traded interest and principal component parts of US government obligations that are issued by banks or brokerage firms and are created by depositing US government obligations into a special account at a custodian bank. The custodian holds the interest and principal payments for the benefit of the registered owners of the certificates or receipts. The custodian arranges for the issuance of the certificates or receipts evidencing ownership and maintains the register. TRs and STRIPS are interests in accounts sponsored by the US Treasury. Receipts are sold as zero coupon securities. |
| | US Government Zero Coupon Securities. STRIPS and receipts are sold as zero coupon securities, that is, fixed income securities that have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons. Zero coupon securities are sold at a (usually substantial) discount and redeemed at face value at their maturity date without interim cash payments of interest or principal. The amount of this discount is accreted over the life of the security, and the accretion constitutes the income earned on the security for both accounting and tax purposes. Because of these features, the market prices of zero coupon securities are generally more volatile than the market prices of securities that have similar maturity but that pay interest periodically. Zero coupon securities are likely to respond to a greater degree to interest rate changes than are non-zero coupon securities with similar maturity and credit qualities. |
| | US Government Agencies. Some obligations issued or guaranteed by agencies of the US government are supported by the full faith and credit of the US Treasury, others are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury, while still others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. Guarantees of principal by agencies or instrumentalities of the US government may be a guarantee of payment at the maturity of the obligation so that in the event of a default prior to maturity there might not be a market and thus no means of realizing on the obligation prior to maturity. Guarantees as to the timely payment of principal and interest do not extend to the value or yield of these securities or to the value of the Fund’s shares. |
Commercial Paper. Commercial paper is the term used to designate unsecured short-term promissory notes issued by corporations and other entities. Maturities on these issues vary from a few to 270 days. The Fund may invest in short-term promissory notes issued by corporations that, at the time of purchase, are rated P-1 and/or A-1. Commercial paper ratings P-1 by Moody’s and A-1 by S&P are the highest investment grade category.
Obligations of Domestic Banks, Foreign Banks and Foreign Branches of US Banks. The Fund may invest in obligations issued by banks and other savings institutions. Investments in bank obligations include obligations of domestic branches of foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks. Such investments in domestic branches of foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks are not covered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and may involve risks that are different from investments in securities of domestic branches of US banks. These risks may include future unfavorable political and economic developments, possible withholding taxes on interest income, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, currency controls, interest limitations, or other governmental restrictions that might affect the payment of principal or interest on the securities held by the Fund. Additionally, these institutions may be subject to less stringent reserve requirements and to different accounting, auditing, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements than those applicable to domestic branches of US banks. Bank obligations include the following:
| | Bankers’ Acceptances. Bankers’ acceptances are bills of exchange or time drafts drawn on, and accepted by, a commercial bank. Corporations use bankers’ acceptances to finance the shipment and storage of goods and to furnish dollar exchange. Maturities are generally six months or less. |
| | Certificates of Deposit. Certificates of deposit are interest-bearing instruments with a specific maturity. They are issued by banks and savings and loan institutions in exchange for the deposit of funds and normally can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. Unless they can be traded on a secondary market, certificates of deposit with penalties for early withdrawal may be considered illiquid. |
| | Time Deposits. Time deposits are nonnegotiable receipts issued by a bank in exchange for the deposit of funds. Like a certificate of deposit, they earn a specified rate of interest over a definite period of time; however, they cannot be traded in the secondary market. Time deposits with a withdrawal penalty or that mature in more than seven calendar days may be considered to be illiquid investments. |
Small to Medium-Sized Companies
The Fund may invest in equity securities of small to medium-sized companies. These stocks have historically been more volatile in price than larger capitalization stocks, such as those included in the S&P 500® Index. This is because, among other things, smaller companies have a lower degree of liquidity and tend to have a greater sensitivity to changing economic conditions. These companies may have narrow product lines, markets or financial resources, or may depend on a limited management group. In addition, these companies are typically subject to a greater degree of change in their earnings and prospects. The companies’ securities may trade less frequently and have a smaller trading volume. The securities may be traded only in the over-the-counter markets or on a regional securities exchange. In addition to exhibiting greater volatility, smaller capitalization securities may, to some degree, fluctuate independently of the stocks of larger capitalization companies. For example, the stocks of smaller capitalization companies may decline in price as the price of larger company stocks rise, or vice versa.
62
US Government Securities
The Fund may invest in US government securities.
US government securities include obligations of, or guaranteed by, the US federal government, its agencies, instrumentalities, or sponsored enterprises. Some US government securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the US government. These include US Treasury obligations and securities issued by Ginnie Mae. A second category of US government securities is those supported by the right of the agency, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise to borrow from the US government to meet its obligations. These include securities issued by Federal Home Loan Banks.
A third category of US government securities is those supported by only the credit of the issuing agency, instrumentality, or sponsored enterprise. These include securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In the event of a default, an investor like the Fund would only have legal recourse to the issuer, not the US government. Although the US government has provided support for these securities in the past, there can be no assurance that it will do so in the future. The US government has also made available additional guarantees for limited periods to stabilize or restore a market in the wake of an economic, political, or natural crisis. Such guarantees, and the economic opportunities they present, are likely to be temporary and cannot be relied upon by the Fund. Any downgrade of the credit rating of the securities issued by the US government may result in a downgrade of securities issued by its agencies or instrumentalities, including government-sponsored entities.
Warrants
The Fund may invest in warrants and similar rights.
Warrants and similar rights are privileges issued by corporations enabling the owners to subscribe to and purchase a specified number of shares of the corporation at a specified price during a specified period of time. The purchase of warrants involves the risk that the Fund could lose the purchase value of a warrant if the right to subscribe to additional shares is not exercised prior to the warrant’s expiration. Also, the purchase of warrants involves the risk that the effective price paid for the warrant added to the subscription price of the related security may exceed the value of the subscribed security’s market price such as when there is no movement in the level of the underlying security.
When-Issued and Delayed-Delivery Securities
The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis. In such transactions, instruments are purchased with payment and delivery taking place in the future in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous yield or price at the time of the transaction. Delivery of and payment for these securities may take up to a month after the date of the purchase commitment, although in some cases it may take longer. The payment obligation and the interest rates that will be received are each fixed at the time the Fund enters into the commitment and no interest accrues to the Fund until settlement. Thus, it is possible that the market value at the time of settlement could be higher or lower than the purchase price if the general level of interest rates has changed.
Zero Coupon and Payment-In-Kind Bonds
The Fund may invest in zero coupon bonds or payment-in-kind bonds.
The credit risk factors pertaining to lower-rated securities also apply to lower-rated zero coupon, deferred interest, and payment-in-kind bonds. These bonds carry an additional risk in that, unlike bonds that pay interest throughout the period to maturity, the Fund will realize no cash until the cash payment date and, if the issuer defaults, the Fund may obtain no return at all on its investment.
Zero coupon, deferred interest, and payment-in-kind bonds involve additional special considerations. Zero coupon or deferred interest securities are debt obligations that do not entitle the holder to any periodic payments of interest prior to maturity or a specified date when the securities begin paying current interest (the “cash payment date”) and therefore are generally issued and traded at a discount from their face amounts or par values. The discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity or cash payment date, prevailing interest rates, liquidity of the security, and the perceived credit quality of the issuer. The discount, in the absence of financial difficulties of the issuer, typically decreases as the final maturity or cash payment date of the security approaches. The market prices of zero coupon securities are generally more volatile than the market prices of securities that pay interest periodically and are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than do non-zero coupon or deferred interest securities having similar maturities and credit quality. Current federal income tax law requires that a holder of a zero coupon security report as income each year the portion of the original issue discount on the security that accrues that year, even though the holder receives no cash payments of interest during the year.
Payment-in-kind bonds are securities that pay interest through the issuance of additional bonds. The Fund will be deemed to receive interest over the life of these bonds and be treated as if interest were paid on a current basis for federal income tax purposes, although no cash interest payments are received by the Fund until the cash payment date or until the bonds mature. Accordingly, during periods when the Fund receives no cash interest payments on its zero coupon securities or deferred interest or payment-in-kind bonds, it may be required to dispose of portfolio securities to meet the distribution requirements and these sales may be subject to the risk factors discussed above. The Fund is not limited in the amount of its assets that may be invested in these types of securities.
63
Investment Strategies and Risks
Investment strategies and risks applicable to all Funds in this SAI
Cybersecurity Risk
With the increased use of technologies such as artificial intelligence (“AI”) and the internet and the dependence on computer systems to perform necessary business functions, the Funds and their service providers may have become more susceptible to operational and related risks through breaches in cybersecurity. A cybersecurity incident may refer to intentional or unintentional events that allow an unauthorized party to gain access (e.g., through “hacking,” “phishing” or malicious software coding) to Fund assets, customer data, or proprietary information, or cause a Fund or Fund service providers (including, but not limited to, the Manager, distributor, fund accountants, custodian, transfer agent, and financial intermediaries) to suffer data corruption or lose operational functionality. A cybersecurity incident could, among other things, result in the loss or theft of customer data or funds, customers or employees being unable to access electronic systems (denial of services), loss or theft of proprietary information or corporate data, physical damage to a computer or network system, or remediation costs associated with system repairs.
Any of these results could have a substantial adverse impact on a Fund and its shareholders. For example, if a cybersecurity incident results in a denial of service, Fund shareholders could lose access to their electronic accounts and be unable to buy or sell Fund shares for an unknown period of time, and employees could be unable to access electronic systems to perform critical duties for the Fund, such as trading, NAV calculation, shareholder accounting or fulfillment of Fund share purchases and redemptions. Cybersecurity incidents could cause a Fund or Fund service provider to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, additional compliance costs associated with corrective measures, or financial loss of a significant magnitude and could result in allegations that a Fund or Fund service provider violated privacy and other laws.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity incidents affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, counterparties with which a Fund engages in transactions, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies, and other financial institutions and other parties. Risk management systems and business continuity plans seek to reduce the risks associated with cybersecurity in the event there is a cybersecurity breach, but there are inherent limitations in these systems and plans, including the possibility that certain risks may not have been identified, in large part because different or unknown threats may emerge in the future. Furthermore, the Funds do not control the cybersecurity systems and plans of the issuers of securities in which the Funds invest or the Funds’ third party service providers or trading counterparties or any other service providers whose operations may affect the Funds or their shareholders.
As an open-end management investment company, the Trust has delegated its operational activities to third-party service providers, subject to the oversight of the Board. Because the Trust operates its business through third-party service providers, it does not itself have any operational or security systems or infrastructure that are potentially subject to cyber attacks. The third-party service providers that facilitate the Trust’s business activities, including, but not limited to, fund management, custody of Trust assets, fund accounting and financial administration, and transfer agent services, could be sources of operational and informational security risk to the Trust and its shareholders, including from breakdowns or failures of the third-party service providers’ own systems or capacity constraints. A failure or breach of the operational or security systems or infrastructure of the Trust’s third-party service providers could disrupt the Trust’s operations, result in the disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, and cause losses. Although the Trust and its third-party service providers have business continuity plans and other safeguards in place, the operations of the Trust’s third-party service providers may be adversely affected by significant disruption of the service providers’ operating systems or physical infrastructure that support the Trust and its shareholders.
The proliferation of new technologies, the use of the Internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct business, as well as the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, terrorists, activists, and others, have significantly increased the information security risks to which the Trust’s third-party service providers are subject. Geopolitical tensions can contribute to an increase in the scale and sophistication of cybersecurity attacks, including those carried out by nation-states or by malicious actors with access to nation-state resources or support. The rapid development and increasingly widespread use of AI technologies may increase the effectiveness of cyberattacks and exacerbate these risks. The third-party service providers rely on digital technologies, computer and email systems, software, web-based applications, AI and cloud-based technology, and networks to conduct their business and the business of the Trust. The Trust’s third-party service providers have robust information security procedures; however, their technologies may become the target of cyber attacks or information security breaches that could result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss, or destruction of the Trust’s or its shareholders’ confidential and other information, or otherwise disrupt the business operations of the Trust or its third-party service providers. Although to date the Trust has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security breaches, there can be no assurance that the Trust or its third-party service providers will not suffer such losses in the future.
Disruptions or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support the Trust’s third-party service providers, or cyber attacks or security breaches of the networks, systems, or devices that the Trust’s third-party service providers use to service the Trust’s operations, could result in financial losses, the inability of Trust shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. The business continuity policies and procedures that the Trust and its third-party service providers have established seek to identify and mitigate the types of risk to which the Trust and its third-party service providers are subject. As with any risk-management system, there are inherent limitations to these business continuity policies and procedures as there may exist, or develop in the future, risks that have not been anticipated or identified.
64
IBOR Transition Risk
The London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) was a common benchmark interest rate index used to make adjustments to variable-rate loans and historically was used throughout global banking and financial industries to determine interest rates for a variety of borrowing arrangements and financial instruments (such as debt instruments and derivatives).
The majority of LIBOR rates were phased out at the end of 2021. The most common tenors of USD LIBOR (overnight and 1-, 3-, 6- and 12- month) ceased publication as of June 30, 2023. In addition, global regulators have announced that, with limited exceptions, no new LIBOR-based contracts should be entered into after 2021.
Over the past several years, various regulators and industry bodies identified alternative reference rates (“ARRs”) to replace LIBOR and assist with the transition to the new ARRs. While the transition process away from LIBOR has become increasingly well-defined, there remains uncertainty and risks related to converting certain longer-term securities and transactions to a new ARR. For example, there can be no assurance that the composition or characteristics of any ARRs or financial instruments in which a fund invests that utilize ARRs will be similar to or produce the same value or economic equivalence as LIBOR or that these instruments will have the same volume or liquidity. Additionally, while some instruments tied to LIBOR or a similar rate may include a replacement rate, not all instruments have such fallback provisions, and the effectiveness of such replacement rates remains uncertain. The cessation of LIBOR or similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of investments tied to these rates, especially those that do not include fallback provisions. While it is expected that market participants will amend legacy financial instruments referencing LIBOR to include such fallback provisions to ARRs, there remains uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of parties to add or amend such fallback provisions in legacy instruments.
Any effects of the transition away from LIBOR and the adoption of ARRs, as well as other unforeseen effects, could result in losses. Furthermore, the risks associated with the discontinuation of LIBOR and transition to replacement rates may be exacerbated if an orderly transition to an ARR is not completed in a timely manner.
Natural Disaster/Epidemic Risk
Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Any such event(s) could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of a fund.
Securities from Corporate Actions
From time to time, a Fund may receive securities as a result of a corporate action, bankruptcy proceeding, or other event impacting the issuer (or an affiliate of the issuer) of securities held by the Fund. These securities may include equity securities, preferred securities, convertible securities, or other types of instruments not typically held by the Fund, such as partnership interests, limited liability company interests, or trust units. These securities may be issued by newly formed entities or entities spun out of an existing entity. To the extent a Fund receives securities under these circumstances, the Fund will be subject to the risks generally associated with those types of securities, which may not be risks typical for the Fund. The Fund may also be subject to additional risks as a result of receiving these securities, including liquidity risks and valuation risks, as these securities may be subject to restrictions on transfer and may be difficult to value.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information
Each Fund has adopted a policy generally prohibiting the disclosure of portfolio holdings information to any person until after 30 calendar days have passed. Each Trust posts a list of its respective Funds’ portfolio holdings monthly, with an approximate 30-day lag, on the Funds’ website, nomuraassetmanagement.com/USfunds. In addition, on a 10-day lag, we also make available on the website a month-end summary listing certain information, including each Fund’s top 10 portfolio holdings. This information is available publicly to any and all shareholders free of charge once posted on the website or by calling 800 523-1918.
Other entities, including institutional investors and intermediaries that distribute the Funds’ shares, are generally treated similarly and are not provided with the Funds’ portfolio holdings in advance of when they are generally available to the public.
The Funds may, from time to time, provide statistical data derived from publicly available information to third parties, such as shareholders, prospective shareholders, financial intermediaries, consultants, and ratings and ranking organizations.
65
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information
Third-party service providers and affiliated persons of the Funds are provided with the Funds’ portfolio holdings only to the extent necessary to perform services under agreements relating to the Funds and, in the case of affiliated persons, in connection with contributions of capital. These entities are obligated to keep such information confidential. In accordance with the policy, third-party service providers and affiliated persons who receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information on an ongoing basis are: the Manager’s affiliates (Nomura Investment Management Business Trust, Delaware Investments Fund Services Company, and the Distributor), the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, the Funds’ custodian, the Funds’ legal counsel, the Funds’ financial printer (DG3), and the Funds’ proxy voting service.
Third-party rating and ranking organizations and consultants who have signed agreements (“Nondisclosure Agreements”) with a Fund or the Manager may receive portfolio holdings information more quickly than the 30-day lag. The Nondisclosure Agreements require that the receiving entity hold the information in the strictest confidence and prohibit the receiving entity from disclosing the information or trading on the information (either in Fund shares or in shares of the Funds’ portfolio securities). In addition, the receiving party must agree to provide copies of any research or reports generated using the portfolio holdings information in order to allow for monitoring of use of the information. Neither the Funds, nor the Manager, nor sub-advisor, nor any affiliate, receives any compensation or consideration with respect to these agreements.
To protect the shareholders’ interests and to avoid conflicts of interest, Nondisclosure Agreements must be approved by a member of the Manager’s Legal Department and Compliance Department and any deviation in the use of the portfolio holdings information by the receiving party must be approved in writing by the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer prior to such use.
The Board will be notified of any substantial changes to the foregoing procedures. The Board also receives an annual report from the Trusts’ Chief Compliance Officer that, among other things, addresses the operation of the Trusts’ procedures concerning the disclosure of portfolio holdings information.
66
Management of the Trust
Trustees and officers
The business and affairs of the Trusts are managed under the direction of its Board of Trustees. Information on the Trusts’ Trustees and principal officers is provided below. The Trustees serve for indefinite terms until their mandatory retirement, resignation, death, or removal. Trustees who are not “interested persons” as defined by the 1940 Act are referred to as the “Independent Trustees”.
As of June 30, 2026, the officers and Trustees of the Trusts directly owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each Class of each Fund, except the Nomura Healthcare Fund. As of that date, the officers and Trustees of the Trusts directly owned, as a group, approximately 11% of the outstanding Institutional Class shares of Nomura Healthcare Fund and less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each of the Fund’s other Classes.
|
Name,
Address, |
Position(s)
|
Length
of Time |
Number
of |
Principal
Occupation(s) |
Other
Directorships Held |
|
Interested
Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shawn
K. Lytle2 1970 |
President,
Chief |
President
and Chief Trustee
since |
80 |
Nomura
Asset Management |
None |
|
Independent
Trustees | |||||
|
Jerome
D. Abernathy 1959 |
Trustee |
Since
January 2019 |
80 |
Stonebrook
Capital |
Computers
for People Hoboken
Community |
|
Ann
D. Borowiec 1958 |
Trustee |
Since
March 2015 |
80 |
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. |
Nomura
ETF Trust (2026– |
|
Joseph
W. Chow 1953 |
Trustee |
Since
January 2013 |
80 |
Private
Investor (2011–Present); |
None |
67
Management of the Trust
|
Name,
Address, |
Position(s)
|
Length
of Time |
Number
of |
Principal
Occupation(s) |
Other
Directorships Held |
|
John
A. Fry 1960 |
Trustee |
Since
January 2001 |
80 |
Temple
University—President Drexel
University—President |
Federal
Reserve Bank of Kresge
Foundation FS
Credit Real Estate vTv
Therapeutics Inc. Community
Health |
|
Joseph
Harroz, Jr. 1967 |
Trustee |
Since
November 19985 |
80 |
University
of Brookhaven
Investments LLC St.
Clair, LLC (commercial |
OU
Health, Inc. Big
12 Athletic Conference Valliance
Bank Southeastern
Athletic |
68
|
Name,
Address, |
Position(s)
|
Length
of Time |
Number
of |
Principal
Occupation(s) |
Other
Directorships Held |
|
Sandra
A.J. Lawrence 1957 |
Trustee |
Since
April 20195 |
80 |
Children’s
Mercy Hospitals and |
Brixmor
Property Group Sera
Prognostics Inc. Recology
(resource Evergy,
Inc., Kansas City National
Association of American
Shared Hospital Hall
(Hallmark) Family |
|
Frances
A. 1956 |
Trustee |
Since
September 2011 |
80 |
Banco
Itaú International—Chief |
Invitation
Homes Inc. Florida
Chapter of National Callon
Petroleum Camden
Property Trust New
Senior Investment |
|
Thomas
K. Whitford 1956 |
Chair
and |
Trustee
since January Chair
since January |
80 |
PNC
Financial Services Group |
HSBC
USA Inc. HSBC
North America |
69
Management of the Trust
|
Name,
Address, |
Position(s)
|
Length
of Time |
Number
of |
Principal
Occupation(s) |
Other
Directorships Held |
|
Christianna
Wood 1959 |
Trustee |
Since
January 2019 |
80 |
Gore
Creek Capital, Ltd.—Chief |
The
Merger Fund Grange
Insurance H&R
Block Corporation |
|
*Effective
August 1, 2026, the following row is added: |
|
|
| ||
|
Brian
A. Swain 1969 |
Trustee |
Since
August 2026 |
80 |
Deputy
Chief Investment Officer, |
Director,
Montgomery Nomura
ETF Trust |
|
Name,
Address, and Birth Year |
Position(s)
Held with the Trust |
Length
of Time Served1 |
Principal
Occupation(s) During |
|
Officers |
|
|
|
|
Aaron
C. Buser 1970 |
Vice
President, General Counsel, |
Vice
President since August 2022; |
Aaron
C. Buser has served in |
|
David
F. Connor6 1963 |
Senior
Vice President and |
Senior
Vice President since |
David
F. Connor has served in |
|
Daniel
V. Geatens6 1972 |
Senior
Vice President and |
Senior
Vice President since |
Daniel
V. Geatens has served in |
70
|
Name,
Address, and Birth Year |
Position(s)
Held with the Trust |
Length
of Time Served1 |
Principal
Occupation(s) During |
|
Richard
Salus6 1963 |
Senior
Vice President and Chief |
Senior
Vice President and |
Richard
Salus has served in various |
| 1 | “Length of Time Served” refers to the time since the Trustee or officer began serving one or more of the Trusts in the Nomura Funds complex. |
| 2 | Shawn K. Lytle is considered to be an “Interested Trustee” because he is an executive officer of the Manager. |
| 3 | Nomura Asset Management is part of the Investment Management Division of the Nomura Group, including the Funds’ Manager, principal underwriter, and transfer agent. |
| 4 | Macquarie Asset Management (“MAM”) is the marketing name for certain companies comprising the asset management division of Macquarie Group. |
| 5 | Includes time served on the Board of the Ivy Funds complex prior to the date when the Ivy Funds joined the Nomura Funds complex. |
| 6 | David F. Connor and Daniel V. Geatens serve in similar capacities for the portfolios of Optimum Fund Trust, which have the same investment manager, principal underwriter, and transfer agent as the Funds. Mr. Connor also serves as Senior Vice President and Assistant Secretary for the portfolios of Nomura ETF Trust, which have the same investment manager as the Funds. Mr. Geatens also serves as the Chief Financial Officer of the Optimum Fund Trust and as Senior Vice President and Treasurer for Nomura ETF Trust. Mr. Salus serves in a similar capacity for Nomura ETF Trust. |
71
Management of the Trust
The following table shows each Trustee’s ownership of shares of the Funds and of shares of all Nomura Funds as of December 31, 2025.
|
Name |
Dollar
Range of Equity Securities in the Funds |
Aggregate
Dollar Range of Equity |
|
Interested
Trustee |
|
|
|
Shawn
K. Lytle |
Over
$100,000 - Nomura International Core Equity Fund $10,001-$50,000
- Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Independent
Trustees |
|
|
|
Jerome
D. Abernathy |
Over
$100,000 - Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund $10,001-$50,000
- Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Ann
D. Borowiec |
None |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Joseph
W. Chow |
Over
$100,000 - Nomura Healthcare Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
John
A. Fry |
None |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Joseph
Harroz, Jr. |
Over
$100,000 - Nomura Balanced Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Sandra
A.J. Lawrence |
Over
$100,000 - Nomura International Core Equity Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Frances
A. Sevilla-Sacasa |
None |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Thomas
K. Whitford |
Over
$100,000 - Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Christianna
Wood |
$50,001-$100,000
- Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund |
Over
$100,000 |
|
Brian
A. Swain** |
None |
None |
| * | The ranges for equity securities ownership by each Trustee are: none; $1-$10,000; $10,001-$50,000; $50,001-$100,000; or over $100,000. |
| ** | Appointment effective August 1, 2026. |
The following table describes the compensation paid to each Trustee for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026. Only the Independent Trustees of the Trust receive compensation from the Trust.
|
Trustee |
Aggregate
Compensation |
Pension
or Retirement Benefits |
Total
Compensation from the |
|
Jerome
D. Abernathy |
$181,405 |
none |
$427,500 |
|
Ann
D. Borowiec |
$178,297 |
none |
$420,000 |
|
Joseph
W. Chow |
$168,671 |
none |
$397,500 |
|
H.
Jeffrey Dobbs2 |
$162,139 |
none |
$382,500 |
|
John
A. Fry |
$171,779 |
none |
$405,000 |
|
Joseph
Harroz, Jr. |
$181,405 |
none |
$427,500 |
|
Sandra
A.J. Lawrence |
$168,671 |
none |
$397,500 |
72
|
Trustee |
Aggregate
Compensation |
Pension
or Retirement Benefits |
Total
Compensation from the |
|
Frances
A. Sevilla-Sacasa |
$184,045 |
none |
$433,750 |
|
Thomas
K. Whitford (Chair) |
$222,246 |
none |
$523,750 |
|
Christianna
Wood |
$181,405 |
none |
$427,500 |
|
Brian
A. Swain3 |
none |
none |
none |
| 1 | Each Independent Trustee receives an annual retainer fee for serving as a Trustee for the investment companies in the Nomura Funds family of funds (80 funds in the complex) for which they serve, plus certain meeting fees. The committee chairs and Board Chair also receive retainers for serving as committee chair or serving as Board Chair, respectively. An Independent Trustee may receive additional fees based on determination by the Board Chair and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. |
| 2 | Resigned effective June 30, 2026. |
| 3 | Appointment effective August 1, 2026. |
Common Board of Trustees: The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of its Board. The Trustees also serve on the Boards of all the other investment companies that comprise the Nomura Funds. The Trustees believe that having a common Board for all funds in the complex is efficient and enhances the ability of the Board to address its responsibilities to each fund in the complex. The Trustees believe that the common board structure allows the Trustees to leverage their individual expertise and that their judgment is enhanced by being Trustees of all of the funds in the complex.
Size and Composition of Board: The Board is currently composed of ten Trustees (eleven as of August 1, 2026). Nine of the ten (ten of the eleven as of August 1, 2026) are Independent Trustees. The Board is composed of Trustees with a variety of professional backgrounds and experiences. The Board believes that the skill sets of its members are complementary and add to the overall effectiveness of the Board. The Trustees regard diversity as an important consideration in the present composition of the Board and the selection of qualified candidates to fill vacancies on the Board. In order to ensure that Board membership will be refreshed from time to time, the Board has adopted a mandatory retirement age of 75 for Trustees. As a result, a Trustee may serve until December 31 of the calendar year in which such Trustee reaches the age of 75. At the discretion of the other Trustees, active service for a particular Trustee may be extended for a limited period of time beyond a Trustee’s normal retirement date.
Qualifications of the Trustees: The Board has concluded that, based on each Trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes or skills on an individual basis and in combination with those of the other Trustees, each Trustee should serve as a Trustee. In reaching its determination the Board, at the recommendation of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, considers, in light of the Trust’s business and structure, the individual’s experience, qualifications, attributes, and skills. No one such factor is determinative, but some of the relevant factors that have been considered include: (i) the Trustee’s educational background; business, professional training or practice; public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member (including the Board) or as an executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations, and/or other life experiences; (ii) the ability to work effectively and collegially with other people; (iii) how the Trustee’s background and attributes contribute to the overall mix of skills and experience on the Board as a whole; and (iv) the Trustee’s willingness and ability to contribute to the Board’s oversight and decision-making functions and provide the necessary skills to allow the Board to carry out its responsibilities. In addition to the table above, set forth below is a brief discussion of the specific experience, qualifications and skills of each Trustee that led the Board to conclude that he or she should serve as a Trustee.
Jerome D. Abernathy — Mr. Abernathy has extensive experience in the investment management industry. He has been the Managing Member of Stonebrook Capital Management, LLC (financial technology: macro factors and databases) since 1993 and has served in various roles including Chief Investment Officer and Managing Partner. Prior to that, Mr. Abernathy served as a Managing Director at Guggenheim Investments, Director of Research at Moore Capital Management, and as a trader and researcher at Morgan Stanley. He also has experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards. Mr. Abernathy received a B.S. in electrical engineering from Howard University and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering and computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has served on the Board since January 2019.
Ann D. Borowiec — Ms. Borowiec has extensive experience in the banking, and wealth management industry. She is currently a private investor. She was previously the Chief Executive Officer of Private Wealth Management at J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. from 2011 to 2013. During her 25 year career at J.P. Morgan, she served in a variety of senior roles including running the U.S. Private Bank, leading the global marketing team for Private Banking, and running Investor relations for J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. Ms. Borowiec began her career in public accounting. She also has experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards, including, among others, Santander Bank N.A., Banco Santander International and the New Jersey Symphony. Ms. Borowiec holds a B.B.A. from Texas Christian University and an M.B.A. from Harvard University. She has served on the Board since March 2015.
Joseph W. Chow — Mr. Chow has extensive experience in the banking and financial services industry, including investments, risk management and business strategy. Mr. Chow is currently a private investor. He was previously at State Street Bank and Trust Company where he held a number of positions between 1990 and 2011, including Executive Vice President of Enterprise Risk Management, Executive Vice President of Emerging
73
Management of the Trust
Economies Strategy, and Chief Risk and Corporate Administration Officer. He also has experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards, including Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. Mr. Chow holds a B.A. degree from Brandeis University and a M.C.P. (city planning) and a M.S in Management (finance) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has served on the Board since January 2013.
John A. Fry — Mr. Fry has extensive experience in higher education. Having served in senior management for four major institutions of higher learning, he has extensive experience overseeing areas such as finance, investments, risk-management, internal audit, and information technology. He has been the President of Temple University since 2024. Prior to that, he served as President of Drexel University from 2010 to 2024; President of Franklin & Marshall College from 2002 to 2010; Executive Vice President of the University of Pennsylvania from 1995 to 2002; and as a management consultant for the higher education and non-profit sectors at Coopers & Lybrand’s National Higher Education Consulting Practice from 1990 to 1995 and KPMG Peat Marwick from 1982 to 1990. He also has extensive experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards, including, among others, the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Kresge Foundation and FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust Inc. Mr. Fry holds a B.A. degree in American Civilization from Lafayette College and an M.B.A. from New York University. He has served on the Board since January 2001.
Joseph Harroz, Jr. — Mr. Harroz has extensive experience in higher education. He has been the President of the University of Oklahoma since 2020. Prior to that he served as the Interim President from 2019 to 2020, Dean of the College of Law from 2010 to 2019, General Counsel from 1997 to 2019 and Vice President of Executive Affairs from 1994 to 1997. Mr. Harroz is a Managing Member of Brookhaven Investments LLC and St. Clair, LLC, each commercial enterprises, since 2019. He also has experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards, including OU Health, Inc., Southeastern Athletic Conference, Big 12 Athletic Conference and Valliance Bank. Mr. Harroz holds a B.A. degree from the University of Oklahoma and a J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center. He has been on the Board since April 2021 and prior to that on the Board of Trustees of the Ivy Funds from November 1998 to April 2021, serving as chair of that board for more than a decade.
Sandra A.J. Lawrence — Ms. Lawrence has extensive experience in the healthcare and financial services sectors. She is currently a private investor. Ms. Lawrence was Chief Administrative Officer and Executive Vice President of Children’s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics from 2016 to 2019 and Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President from 2005 to 2016. Prior to that, she was Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President of Midwest Research Institute (MRI) from 2004 to 2005, Vice President and Administrator of Gateway, Inc. from 1998 to 2000, General Manager of Gateway’s Kansas City operation from 1997 to 1998, Director of MRI’s Statistics & Economics Center from 1995 to 1997, and President of Stern Brothers (investment bank) from 1992 to 1995. Ms. Lawrence also previously served as interim Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Medical Research, President and Chief Executive Officer of Global Packaging Solutions, Inc., and in various roles in commercial real estate development. She also has extensive experience as a director of other corporate, private, and not-for-profit boards. Ms. Lawrence holds a B.A. from Vassar College, an M.Arch from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. She has served on the Board since April 2021. Prior to that, she served on the Board of Trustees of the Ivy Funds from April 2019 to April 2021.
Frances A. Sevilla-Sacasa — Ms. Sevilla-Sacasa has extensive experience in banking and wealth management. She is currently a private investor and was CEO of Banco Itaú International, Miami, Florida, from April 2012 to December 2016. She served as Executive Advisor to the Dean of the University of Miami School of Business from August 2011 to March 2012, Interim Dean of the University of Miami School of Business from January 2011 to July 2011, President of US Trust, Bank of America Private Wealth Management from July 2007 to December 2008, President and CEO of US Trust Company from early 2007 until June 2007, and President of US Trust Company from November 2005 until June 2007. She previously served in a variety of roles with Citigroup’s private banking business, including President of Latin America Private Banking, President of Europe Private Banking, and Head of International Trust Business. She also has experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards. Ms. Sevilla-Sacasa holds a B.A. from the University of Miami and an M.B.A from the Thunderbird School of Global Management. She has served on the Board since September 2011.
Thomas K. Whitford — Mr. Whitford has extensive experience in the banking and financial services industry. He is currently a private investor. He was the Vice Chairman of PNC Financial Services Group from 2009 to 2013. Prior to that, he held a number of other leadership positions at PNC, including Chairman of National City Bank (responsible for PNC’s integration of National City Corporation) from 2008 to 2009, Chief Administrative Officer from 2007 to 2008, Chief Risk Officer from 2002 to 2007, Chief Executive Officer of PNC’s Wealth Management business from 1997 to 2001 and other positions from 1983 to 1997. He also has previous experience as a director of other corporate and not-for-profit boards, including among others, HSBC North America Holdings Inc., HSBC Finance Corporation, Longwood Gardens and The Barnes Foundation. Mr. Whitford holds a B.S. from the University of Massachusetts and an M.B.A. from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Mr. Whitford has served on the Board since January 2013 and chair since January 2023.
Christianna Wood — Ms. Wood has extensive portfolio management experience in the institutional investment management industry. She has been the President and Chief Executive Officer of Gore Creek Capital, Ltd. since 2009. Prior to that she served as the Chief Executive Officer of Capital Z Asset Management (one of the largest independent sponsors of hedge funds) from 2008 to 2009 and as the Senior Investment Officer of Global Equity of the California Public Employees’ Retirement System (CalPERS) (the largest public pension plan in the United States) from 2002 to 2008. At CalPERS, in addition to the responsibility for their $150 billion global equity portfolio in internal and externally-managed long only and hedge fund strategies, Ms. Wood also had oversight responsibilities for CalPERS corporate governance program and ESG strategies. She has extensive experience as a non-executive director of numerous corporate and not-for-profit boards. Ms. Wood received a B.A. in economics from Vassar College and an M.B.A. in finance from New York University. Ms. Wood was a 2018 Harvard University Advanced Leadership Fellow. She has served on the Board since January 2019.
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Shawn K. Lytle — Mr. Lytle is Chief Executive Officer of Nomura Asset Management International, where he is responsible for overseeing the business, investment teams, and strategies for clients. He joined Nomura Asset Management as part of Nomura’s acquisition of Macquarie Asset Management’s US and European public investments business in 2025. He also serves as the President of Nomura Funds (formerly, Macquarie Funds) and oversees registered vehicle governance in the US and Europe. Mr. Lytle is a member of the Nomura Asset Management International Executive Committee. He has more than 30 years of asset management experience. Before joining Macquarie in 2015, he held several management and equity investment roles at UBS Asset Management and various roles at J.P. Morgan Asset Management. Mr. Lytle is a member of the Investment Company Institute (ICI) Executive Committee. He is also a board member of OppNet and Philadelphia Financial Scholars, in addition to being the former Chairman of the National Association of Securities Professionals (NASP). He earned a Bachelor of Science in marketing from The McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University.
Effective as of August 1, 2026: Brian A. Swain — Mr. Swain has extensive experience in the investment management industry. Mr. Swain joined Howard University in February 2018 and is currently the Deputy Chief Investment Officer for Howard University’s investment office responsible for the management of the Endowment and Retirement Trust. He is also currently an appointed board member of Montgomery County Employee Retirement Plan’s Investment Trust in Maryland and has served since October 2021. Prior to joining Howard University, Mr. Swain worked for 28 years in various roles including Senior Managing Director and portfolio manager of Tiburon Capital Management LLC, co-founder and Chief Investment Officer for Quattro Global Capital LLC, analyst, head of research and portfolio manager for the Palladin Group LLC, and received credit and analytical training at Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company. Mr. Swain received a Bachelor of Science, Finance in 1990 from The Pennsylvania State University, is a chartered financial analyst (CFA), member of the CFA Institute and CFA Washington.
Board Leadership Structure: The Board has overall responsibility for the oversight of the Funds. The Chair of the Board is an Independent Trustee and the Chair of each Committee of the Board is an Independent Trustee. The Board has seven standing Committees: Audit Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Compliance Committee, ETF Committee, Equity Investments Committee, Fixed Income, Multi-Asset and Sub-advised Fund Investments Committee, and Committee of Independent Trustees. The role of the Chair of the Board is to preside at all meetings of the Board, to act as a liaison with service providers, fund officers, legal counsel and other Trustees generally between meetings and to actively develop meeting agendas. The Chair of each Committee performs a similar role with respect to the Committee. The Chair of the Board or the Chair of a Committee may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board or the Committee, respectively, from time to time.
The Board has regular meetings five times a year, and may hold special meetings if required before its next regular meeting. Each Committee meets regularly to conduct the oversight functions delegated to that Committee by the Board and reports its findings to the Board. The Board and each standing Committee conduct annual assessments of their oversight function and structure. The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise independent judgment over management and to allocate areas of responsibility among Committees and the full Board to enhance effective oversight.
Audit Committee: This committee monitors accounting and financial reporting policies, practices, and internal controls, as well as valuation matters for the Trust. It also oversees the quality and objectivity of the Trust’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof, and acts as a liaison between the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm and the full Board. The committee currently consists of the following Independent Trustees: Frances A. Sevilla-Sacasa, Chair; Christianna Wood; and Joseph W. Chow. The Audit Committee held seven meetings during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee: This committee is responsible for nominating Trustees and making recommendations to the Board concerning Board composition, committee structure and governance, director education, and governance practices. The committee currently consists of the following Independent Trustees: Ann D. Borowiec, Chair; John A. Fry; and Sandra A.J. Lawrence. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee held five meetings during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
The committee will consider shareholder recommendations for nomination to the Board only in the event that there is a vacancy on the Board. Shareholders who wish to submit recommendations for nominations to the Board to fill a vacancy must submit their recommendations in writing to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, c/o Nomura Funds at 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354. At a minimum, the recommendation should include: the name, address and business, educational and/or other pertinent background of the person being recommended; a statement concerning whether the person is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act; any other information that the Funds would be required to include in a proxy statement concerning the person if he or she was nominated; and the name and address of the person submitting the recommendation, together with the number of Fund shares held by such person and the period for which the shares have been held. The recommendation also can include any additional information which the person submitting it believes would assist the committee in evaluating the recommendation.
In evaluating nominees, the committee considers, among other things, an individual’s background, skills, and experience; whether the individual is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act; and whether the individual would be deemed an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of applicable SEC rules. The committee also considers whether the individual’s background, skills, and experience will complement the background, skills, and experience of other nominees and will contribute to the diversity of the Board.
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Management of the Trust
ETF Committee: This committee is responsible for assisting the Board with the oversight, monitoring, and evaluation of the exchange-traded funds within the Nomura Funds complex managed by Nomura Asset Management International and the Manager. The committee currently consists of the following Independent Trustees: Brian A. Swain, Chair (Effective August 1, 2026); Ann D. Borowiec; Jerome D. Abernathy; and Frances A. Sevilla-Sacasa. The ETF Committee did not meet during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
Compliance Committee: This committee assists the Board’s oversight of the Funds’ compliance program and the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer and also provides assistance to the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to policies and procedures related to compliance, regulatory, legal and operational risk mitigation measures and controls involving the Funds and their service providers (other than matters primarily involving the Funds’ auditors or related to valuation or investment related risk). The committee currently consists of the following Independent Trustees: Joseph Harroz, Jr., Chair; Jerome D. Abernathy; Ann D. Borowiec; and Sandra A.J. Lawrence. The Compliance Committee held four meetings during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
Investments Committees: Each of the Investments Committees works to assist the Board in the oversight, monitoring, and evaluation of Funds performance, investment related risks and other related matters. The Committees meet with the investment management team representatives of the Funds from time to time to discuss investment performance and investment process and perform such other functions as may be delegated to it from time to time by the Board.
The Equity Investments Committee currently consists of the following Independent Trustees: Christianna Wood, Chair; Ann D. Borowiec; and Joseph Harroz, Jr. The Equity Investments Committee held four meetings during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
The Fixed Income, Multi-Asset and Sub-advised Fund Investments Committee consists of the following Independent Trustees: Jerome D. Abernathy, Chair; Joseph W. Chow; John A. Fry; Sandra A.J. Lawrence; and Frances A. Sevilla-Sacasa. The Fixed Income, Multi-Asset and Sub-advised Fund Investments Committee held four meetings during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
Committee of Independent Trustees: This committee oversees the approval process of the Fund’s advisory and distribution agreements and arrangements, serves as a liaison between the Board and the Manager and the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer and undertakes other responsibilities. The committee is comprised of all of the Trust’s Independent Trustees. The Committee of Independent Trustees held eight meetings during the Trust’s last fiscal year.
Board Role in Risk Oversight: Investing in general and the operation of a Fund involve a variety of risks, such as investment risk, illiquidity risk, compliance risk, and operational risk, among others. The Board oversees risk as part of its oversight of the Funds. Risk oversight is addressed as part of various regular Board and committee activities. The Board, directly or through its committees, reviews reports from among others, the Manager, sub-advisers, the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, counsel, and other parties, as appropriate, regarding risks faced by the Funds and the risk management programs of the Manager and certain service providers. The actual day-to-day risk management with respect to the Funds resides with the Manager and other service providers to the Funds. Although the risk management policies of the Manager and the service providers are designed to be effective, those policies and their implementation vary among service providers and over time, and there is no guarantee that they will be effective. Not all risks that may affect the Funds can be identified or processes and controls developed to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects, and some risks are simply beyond any control of the Funds or the Manager, its affiliates or other service providers.
Code of Ethics
The Trusts, the Manager, MIMGL, NCRAM, and VanEck and the Distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics in compliance with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act, which govern personal securities transactions. Under the Codes of Ethics, persons subject to the Codes are permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds, subject to the requirements set forth in Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and certain other procedures set forth in the applicable Code of Ethics. The Codes of Ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.
Proxy Voting Policies
The Manager
The Trust has formally delegated to the Manager the responsibility for making all proxy voting decisions in relation to portfolio securities held by the Funds. If and when proxies need to be voted on behalf of the Funds, the Manager and any Nomura affiliates advising the Funds (collectively, the “Nomura Advisers”) will vote such proxies pursuant to proxy voting policies and procedures adopted by the Nomura Advisers (the “Procedures”). The Nomura Advisers have established a Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), which is responsible for overseeing the Nomura Advisers’ proxy voting process for the Funds. One of the main responsibilities of the Committee is to review and approve the Procedures to ensure that the Procedures are designed to allow the Nomura Advisers to vote proxies in a manner consistent with the goal of voting in the best interests of the Funds.
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In order to facilitate the actual process of voting proxies, the Nomura Advisers have contracted with proxy advisory firms to analyze proxy statements on behalf of the Funds and the Nomura Advisers’ other clients and provide the Nomura Advisers with research recommendations on upcoming proxy votes in accordance with the Procedures. The Committee is responsible for overseeing the proxy advisory firms’ services. If a proxy has been voted for the Funds, the proxy advisory firm will create a record of the vote. By no later than August 31 of each year, information (if any) regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recently disclosed 12-month period ended June 30 is available without charge (i) through the Funds’ website at nomuraassetmanagement.com/proxy; and (ii) on the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
When determining whether to invest in a particular company, one of the factors the Nomura Advisers may consider is the quality and depth of the company’s management. As a result, the Nomura Advisers believe that recommendations of management on any issue (particularly routine issues) should be given a fair amount of weight in determining how proxy issues should be voted. Thus, on many issues, the Nomura Advisers’ votes are cast in accordance with the recommendations of the company’s management. However, the Nomura Advisers may vote against management’s position when it runs counter to the Nomura Advisers’ specific Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”), and the Nomura Advisers will also vote against management’s recommendation when the Nomura Advisers believe such position is not in the best interests of the Funds.
As stated above, the Procedures also list specific Guidelines on how to vote proxies on behalf of the Funds. Some examples of the Guidelines are as follows: (i) generally vote for shareholder proposals asking that a majority or more of directors be independent; (ii) generally vote for management or shareholder proposals to reduce supermajority vote requirements, taking into account: ownership structure; quorum requirements; and vote requirements; (iii) votes on mergers and acquisitions should be considered on a case-by-case basis; (iv) votes with respect to equity-based compensation plans are generally determined on a case-by-case basis; (v) generally vote for proposals requesting a report on greenhouse gas emissions from company operations unless the company already discloses such information and there are no material issues associated with the company’s greenhouse gas emissions; and (vi) generally vote for management proposals to institute open-market share repurchase plans in which all shareholders may participate on equal terms.
Because the Trust has delegated proxy voting to the Manager, the Funds are not expected to encounter any conflict of interest issues regarding proxy voting and therefore does not have procedures regarding this matter. However, there is a section in the Procedures that addresses the possibility of conflicts of interest. Most of the proxies which the Nomura Advisers receive on behalf of their clients are voted in accordance with the Procedures. Since the Procedures are pre-determined by the Committee, application of the Procedures by the Nomura Advisers’ portfolio management teams when voting proxies after reviewing the proxy and research provided by the proxy advisory firms should in most instances adequately address any potential conflicts of interest. If the Nomura Advisers become aware of a conflict of interest in an upcoming proxy vote, the proxy vote will generally be referred to the Committee or the Committee’s delegates for review. If the portfolio management team for such proxy intends to vote in accordance with the proxy advisory firm’s recommendation pursuant to the Procedures, then no further action is needed to be taken by the Committee. If the portfolio management team is considering voting a proxy contrary to the proxy advisory firm’s research recommendation under the Procedures, the Committee or its delegates will assess the proposed vote to determine if it is reasonable. The Committee or its delegates will also assess whether any business or other material relationships between the Nomura Advisers and a portfolio company (unrelated to the ownership of the portfolio company’s securities) could have influenced an inconsistent vote on that company’s proxy. If the Committee or its delegates determines that the proposed proxy vote is unreasonable or unduly influenced by a conflict, the portfolio management team will be required to vote the proxy in accordance with the proxy advisory firm’s research recommendation or abstain from voting.
Sub-Advisors
A summary of the proxy voting policies and procedures for MIMGL, NCRAM, and VanEck are attached as Appendix B to this SAI.
Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
Investment Manager
The Manager, located at 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354, furnishes investment management services to the Funds, subject to the supervision and direction of the Board. The Manager also provides investment management services to all of the other Nomura Funds. Affiliates of the Manager also manage other investment accounts. While investment decisions for the Funds are made independently from those of the other funds and accounts, investment decisions for such other funds and accounts may be made at the same time as investment decisions for the Funds. The Manager pays the salaries of all Trustees, officers, and employees who are affiliated with both the Manager and the Trust. In the course of discharging its non-portfolio management duties under the advisory contract, the Manager may delegate to affiliates.
Employees of the Manager’s affiliates outside the US participate in the management of certain Funds as “associated persons” of the Manager under the Manager’s oversight, in accordance with SEC guidance as to “participating affiliate” arrangements. These associated persons may, on behalf of the Manager, provide discretionary investment management services, trading, research and related services directly or indirectly to the Funds.
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Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
The Manager is a series of NIMBT (a Delaware statutory trust), which is a subsidiary of, and subject to the ultimate control of, Nomura Holdings, Inc., a publicly traded Japanese company. The Manager is part of “Nomura Asset Management.” Nomura Asset Management is part of the Investment Management Division of the Nomura Group, providing integrated public and private market asset management services across equities, fixed income, private credit and multi-asset solutions to intermediary and institutional clients.
As of December 1, 2025, Nomura Holding America, Inc. has completed the acquisition of Macquarie Asset Management’s US and European public investments business, which comprised the Manager and certain of its affiliates, effective December 1, 2025 (the “Nomura Transaction”).
The Manager and its affiliates own the name “Delaware Group®.” Under certain circumstances, including the termination of the Delaware Group Equity Funds IV’s advisory relationship with the Manager or its distribution relationship with the Distributor, the Manager, and its affiliates could cause the Trust to remove the words “Delaware Group” from its name.
After an initial two-year period, the Investment Management Agreement for each Fund (each, an “Investment Management Agreement”) may be renewed each year only so long as such renewal and continuance are specifically approved at least annually by its Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each applicable Fund, and only if the terms of, and the renewal thereof, have been approved by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees of the applicable Trust who are not parties thereto or interested persons of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. Each Investment Management Agreement is terminable without penalty on 60 days’ notice by the Trustees of the Trust or by the Manager. Each Investment Management Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.
As compensation for the services rendered under each Investment Management Agreement, the Funds shall pay the Manager an annual management fee as a percentage of average daily net assets equal to:
|
Fund |
Management
Fee (annual rate as a percentage of average daily net assets) |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
0.70%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
0.70%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
0.70%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
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|
Fund |
Management
Fee (annual rate as a percentage of average daily net assets) |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
0.70%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund and |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund and |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity |
1.00%
of net assets up to $500 million |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
0.85%
on the first $500 million |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
0.90%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
0.85%
of net assets up to $1 billion |
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Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
|
Fund |
Management
Fee (annual rate as a percentage of average daily net assets) |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
0.625%
of net assets up to $500 million |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
0.625%
of net assets up to $500 million |
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During the last three fiscal years, the Funds paid the following investment management fees to the Manager:
|
Fund |
March
31, 2026 |
March
31, 2025 |
March
31, 2024 |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
$12,202,359
earned |
$12,252,211
earned |
$12,026,017
earned |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
$12,285,039
earned |
$10,561,089
earned |
$10,489,537
earned |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
$23,656,798
earned |
$23,915,365
earned |
$21,804,459
earned |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
$7,558,766
earned |
$7,191,146
earned |
$4,348,255
earned |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
$12,175,775
earned |
$12,851,968
earned |
$11,141,424
earned |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
$44,848,707
earned |
$47,348,401
earned |
$35,480,495
earned |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
$34,689,002
earned |
$48,970,453
earned |
$46,067,351
earned |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
$7,241,650
earned |
$9,231,805
earned |
$9,889,188
earned |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
$2,995,960
earned |
$2,936,681
earned |
$2,763,901
earned |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
$9,162,095
earned |
$10,824,888
earned |
$11,892,661
earned |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity |
$6,452,666
earned |
$6,771,528
earned |
$7,661,759
earned |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
$862,388
earned |
$1,068,086
earned |
$1,605,343
earned |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
$5,609,828
earned |
$6,453,103
earned |
$6,362,059
earned |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
$1,649,206
earned |
$1,604,427
earned |
$1,923,421
earned |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
$794,928
earned |
$960,582
earned |
$1,204,499
earned |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
$49,962,874
earned |
$46,307,140
earned |
$40,748,570
earned |
81
Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
|
Fund |
March
31, 2026 |
March
31, 2025 |
March
31, 2024 |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
$2,772,530
earned |
$3,079,733
earned |
$2,741,748
earned |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
$12,048,783
earned |
$14,577,742
earned |
$13,480,489
earned |
Except for those expenses borne by the Manager under the Investment Management Agreement, a sub-advisor under its Subadvisory Agreement, and the Distributor under the Distribution Agreement, each Fund is responsible for all of its own expenses. Among others, such expenses include each Fund’s proportionate share of certain administrative expenses; investment management fees; transfer and dividend disbursing fees and costs; accounting services; custodian expenses; federal and state securities registration fees; proxy costs; and the costs of preparing prospectuses and reports sent to shareholders.
Sub-Advisors
The Manager has entered into sub-advisory agreements on behalf of certain of the Funds, as described below, with MIMGL, NCRAM and VanEck (the “Sub-Advisors”). Pursuant to the terms of the relevant sub-advisory agreement, the investment sub-advisory fee is paid by the Manager to a Sub-Advisor based on the extent to which the Sub-Advisor provides services to a Fund.
Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)
MIMGL, located at 1 Elizabeth Street, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Macquarie Group Limited. MIMGL is a part of Macquarie Asset Management (MAM). MAM is the marketing name for certain companies comprising the asset management division of Macquarie Group Limited. MAM is an integrated asset manager across public and private markets offering a diverse range of capabilities, including real assets, real estate, credit and equities. The Manager has entered into a separate sub-advisory agreement with MIMGL to serve as a sub-advisor to Nomura Asset Strategy Fund, Nomura Balanced Fund and Nomura Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund. To the extent the Manager allocates any assets of a Fund to MIMGL, the Manager will compensate MIMGL out of the investment advisory fees it receives from such Fund. Although MIMGL may serve as sub-advisor, the Manager has ultimate responsibility for all investment advisory services for the Funds. Prior to the closing of the Nomura Transaction, MIMGL was an affiliate of the Manager. Following the closing of the Nomura Transaction, MIMGL and the Manager are no longer affiliated.
Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc. (NCRAM)
NCRAM, an SEC-registered investment adviser located at 309 West 49th Street, New York, NY, 10019, serves as a sub-advisor for Nomura Asset Strategy Fund, Nomura Balanced Fund, Nomura Global Bond Fund and Nomura High Income Fund. Although NCRAM serves as a sub-advisor for these Funds, the Manager has ultimate responsibility for all investment advisory services for the Funds.
Van Eck Associates Corporation (VanEck)
VanEck serves as sub-advisor for Nomura Climate Solutions Fund and Nomura Natural Resources Fund. As of December 31, 2025, VanEck managed approximately $181.37 billion in assets. VanEck has been an investment adviser since 1955 and also acts as adviser or sub-adviser to mutual funds, other ETFs, other pooled investment vehicles and separate accounts. VanEck’s principal business address is 666 Third Avenue, 9th Floor, New York, New York 10017. Although VanEck serves as sub-advisor for these Funds, the Manager has ultimate responsibility for all investment advisory services for the Funds.
Distributor
The Distributor, Delaware Distributors, L.P., located at 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354, serves as the national distributor of the Funds’ shares under a Distribution Agreement dated December 1, 2025. The Distributor is an affiliate of the Manager and bears all of the costs of promotion and distribution, except for payments by the Retail Classes under their respective Rule 12b-1 Plans. The Distributor is an indirect subsidiary of Nomura Asset Management. The Distributor has agreed to use its best efforts to sell shares of the Fund. See the Prospectus for information on how to invest in the Fund. Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis by the Distributor and may be purchased through authorized investment dealers or directly by contacting the Distributor or the Trust. The Distributor also serves as the national distributor for the Nomura Funds. The Board annually reviews fees paid to the Distributor.
During the Funds’ last three fiscal years, the Distributor received net commissions from each Fund on behalf of its Class A shares, after reallowances to dealers, as follows:
82
|
Fund/Fiscal
Year Ended |
Total
Amount of Underwriting |
Amounts
Reallowed to |
Net
Commission to |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$326,454 |
$273,341 |
$53,113 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$279,356 |
$235,261 |
$44,095 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$278,147 |
$234,120 |
$44,027 |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$603,906 |
$500,444 |
$103,462 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$548,904 |
$456,474 |
$92,430 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$551,044 |
$459,783 |
$91,261 |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$629,257 |
$524,741 |
$104,516 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$810,983 |
$676,751 |
$134,232 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$773,776 |
$644,878 |
$128,898 |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$142,867 |
$118,103 |
$24,764 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$137,026 |
$113,864 |
$23,162 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$58,733 |
$48,738 |
$9,995 |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$160,795 |
$133,148 |
$27,647 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$123,786 |
$103,474 |
$20,312 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$62,492 |
$51,936 |
$10,556 |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$1,011,336 |
$848,314 |
$163,022 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$1,416,594 |
$1,188,494 |
$228,100 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$1,576,115 |
$1,326,334 |
$249,781 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$359,731 |
$301,311 |
$58,420 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$577,853 |
$482,762 |
$95,091 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$809,042 |
$676,804 |
$132,238 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$89,414 |
$73,856 |
$15,558 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$93,716 |
$77,461 |
$16,255 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$101,357 |
$84,431 |
$16,926 |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$41,763 |
$34,809 |
$6,954 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$57,871 |
$47,978 |
$9,893 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$53,069 |
$44,266 |
$8,803 |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$196,032 |
$163,275 |
$32,757 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$304,632 |
$253,188 |
$51,444 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$307,510 |
$255,926 |
$51,584 |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$35,916 |
$29,811 |
$6,105 |
83
Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
|
Fund/Fiscal
Year Ended |
Total
Amount of Underwriting |
Amounts
Reallowed to |
Net
Commission to |
|
3/31/2025 |
$55,553 |
$46,050 |
$9,503 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$90,166 |
$74,951 |
$15,215 |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$13,157 |
$10,920 |
$2,237 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$23,940 |
$19,984 |
$3,956 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$49,932 |
$41,621 |
$8,311 |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$91,483 |
$76,426 |
$15,057 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$217,882 |
$181,182 |
$36,700 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$219,084 |
$183,899 |
$35,185 |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$48,320 |
$40,025 |
$8,295 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$42,748 |
$35,827 |
$6,921 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$41,264 |
$34,424 |
$6,840 |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$30,284 |
$25,223 |
$5,061 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$21,968 |
$18,285 |
$3,683 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$26,910 |
$22,406 |
$4,504 |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$1,319,241 |
$1,107,851 |
$211,390 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$1,445,418 |
$1,216,232 |
$229,186 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$1,467,067 |
$1,235,263 |
$231,804 |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$15,956 |
$13,176 |
$2,780 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$27,275 |
$23,174 |
$4,101 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$21,671 |
$18,464 |
$3,207 |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
|
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$243,768 |
$209,959 |
$33,809 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$467,990 |
$401,961 |
$66,029 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$652,294 |
$560,542 |
$91,752 |
During the Funds’ last three fiscal years, the Distributor received, in the aggregate, limited contingent deferred sales charge (“Limited CDSC”) payments with respect to the Funds’ Class A shares and contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) payments with respect to the Funds’ Class C shares as follows:
|
Fund/Fiscal
Year Ended |
Class
A |
Class
C |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$1,565 |
$1,583 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$779 |
$2,261 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$1,015 |
$1,789 |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$4,690 |
$2,055 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$2,095 |
$2,481 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$2,029 |
$3,079 |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
|
|
84
|
Fund/Fiscal
Year Ended |
Class
A |
Class
C |
|
3/31/2026 |
$11,413 |
$2,370 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$4,834 |
$2,619 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$5,745 |
$2,956 |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$490 |
$104 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$320 |
$1,037 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$1,341 |
$209 |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$411 |
$268 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$590 |
$1,200 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$627 |
$728 |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$7,120 |
$5,413 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$5,712 |
$9,546 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$7,547 |
$5,214 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$2,583 |
$1,843 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$9,010 |
$5,324 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$5,986 |
$3,325 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$58 |
$722 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$99 |
$1,926 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$363 |
$966 |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$489 |
$961 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$532 |
$386 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$345 |
$547 |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$2,803 |
$960 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$2,989 |
$1,410 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$4,921 |
$1,552 |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$200 |
$674 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$481 |
$762 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$1,228 |
$801 |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$47 |
$18 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$848 |
$22 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$1,255 |
$2,179 |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$3 |
$939 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$82 |
$843 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$2,691 |
$1,978 |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$362 |
$146 |
85
Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
|
Fund/Fiscal
Year Ended |
Class
A |
Class
C |
|
3/31/2025 |
$0 |
$28 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$897 |
$166 |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$594 |
$9 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$138 |
$59 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$149 |
$16 |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$8,765 |
$5,607 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$7,122 |
$5,208 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$12,593 |
$8,443 |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$1,533 |
$158 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$886 |
$80 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$96 |
$176 |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
|
|
|
3/31/2026 |
$5,045 |
$2,200 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$1,288 |
$2,899 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$30,900 |
$7,278 |
Transfer Agent
Delaware Investments Fund Services Company (“DIFSC”), an affiliate of the Manager, is located at 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354, and serves as the Funds’ shareholder servicing, dividend disbursing, and transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”) pursuant to a Shareholder Services Agreement. The Transfer Agent is an indirect subsidiary of Nomura. The Transfer Agent also acts as shareholder servicing, dividend disbursing, and transfer agent for the other Nomura Funds. The Transfer Agent is paid a fee by the Funds for providing these services consisting of an asset-based fee and certain out-of-pocket expenses. The Transfer Agent will bill, and the Funds will pay, such compensation monthly. Omnibus and networking fees charged by financial intermediaries and subtransfer agency fees are passed on to and paid directly by the Funds. The Transfer Agent’s compensation is fixed each year and approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees.
Each Fund has authorized, in addition to the Transfer Agent, one or more brokers to accept purchase and redemption orders on its behalf. Such brokers are authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on behalf of the Funds. For purposes of pricing, the Funds will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a broker’s authorized designee, accepts the order.
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (“BNYIS”) provides subtransfer agency services to the Funds. In connection with these services, BNYIS administers the overnight investment of cash pending investment in the Funds or payment of redemptions. The proceeds of this investment program are used to offset the Funds’ transfer agency expenses.
Fund Accountants
The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNY”), 240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY 10286-0001, provides fund accounting and financial administration services to the Funds. Those services include performing functions related to calculating the Funds’ NAVs and providing financial reporting information, regulatory compliance testing, and other related accounting services. For these services, the Funds pay BNY an asset-based fee, subject to certain fee minimums plus certain out-of-pocket expenses and transactional charges. DIFSC provides fund accounting and financial administration oversight services to the Funds. Those services include overseeing the Funds’ pricing process, the calculation and payment of fund expenses, and financial reporting in shareholder reports, registration statements, and other regulatory filings. DIFSC also manages the process for the payment of dividends and distributions and the dissemination of Fund NAVs and performance data. For these services, the Funds pay DIFSC an asset-based fee, subject to certain fee minimums, plus certain out-of-pocket expenses, and transactional charges. The fees payable to BNY and DIFSC under the service agreements described above will be allocated among all funds in the Nomura Funds on a relative NAV basis.
During the past three fiscal years, the Funds paid the following amounts to BNY for fund accounting and financial administration services:
86
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Asset Strategy |
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
Nomura
Core |
|
3/31/2026 |
$155,519 |
$166,929 |
$292,788 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$236,581 |
$199,269 |
$433,302 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$225,121 |
$167,820 |
$397,579 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Global Growth |
Nomura
International |
Nomura
Large Cap |
|
3/31/2026 |
$108,406 |
$143,533 |
$561,554 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$141,846 |
$209,491 |
$890,147 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$9,666 |
$117,509 |
$681,903 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Mid Cap |
Nomura
Mid Cap |
Nomura
Smid Cap Core |
|
3/31/2026 |
$305,130 |
$108,146 |
$83,534 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$725,978 |
$152,468 |
$71,029 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$726,118 |
$159,913 |
$7,506 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Small Cap |
Nomura
Systematic |
Nomura
Climate |
|
3/31/2026 |
$112,006 |
$96,736 |
$65,146 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$182,486 |
$120,348 |
$58,150 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$107,448 |
$37,786 |
$46,481 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Healthcare |
Nomura
Natural |
Nomura
Real Estate |
|
3/31/2026 |
$92,974 |
$70,943 |
$66,548 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$121,655 |
$64,236 |
$46,769 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$76,695 |
$39,494 |
$18,449 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Science and |
Nomura
Global Bond |
Nomura
High Income |
|
3/31/2026 |
$447,815 |
$88,585 |
$178,777 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$655,348 |
$97,080 |
$322,975 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$547,248 |
$57,472 |
$232,877 |
During the past three fiscal years, the Funds paid the following amounts to DIFSC for fund accounting and financial administration oversight services:
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Asset Strategy |
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
Nomura
Core Equity |
|
3/31/2026 |
$86,753 |
$87,893 |
$177,701 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$85,962 |
$74,169 |
$176,408 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$68,052 |
$59,439 |
$127,725 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Global Growth |
Nomura
International |
Nomura
Large Cap |
|
3/31/2026 |
$45,037 |
$70,669 |
$362,717 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$42,388 |
$73,113 |
$370,959 |
87
Investment Manager and Other Service Providers
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Global Growth |
Nomura
International |
Nomura
Large Cap |
|
3/31/2024 |
$22,433 |
$51,496 |
$220,446 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Mid Cap |
Nomura
Mid Cap |
Nomura
Smid Cap Core |
|
3/31/2026 |
$204,184 |
$43,223 |
$20,228 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$286,381 |
$53,329 |
$19,664 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$214,808 |
$45,838 |
$15,717 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Small Cap |
Nomura
Systematic |
Nomura
Climate |
|
3/31/2026 |
$53,894 |
$34,770 |
$8,638 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$62,026 |
$36,107 |
$9,694 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$54,534 |
$33,066 |
$10,639 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Healthcare |
Nomura
Natural |
Nomura
Real Estate |
|
3/31/2026 |
$34,899 |
$12,725 |
$8,065 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$39,151 |
$12,554 |
$8,838 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$31,435 |
$12,045 |
$8,762 |
|
Fiscal
Year Ended |
Nomura
Science and |
Nomura
Global Bond |
Nomura
High Income |
|
3/31/2026 |
$294,365 |
$24,401 |
$102,786 |
|
3/31/2025 |
$268,298 |
$26,342 |
$123,711 |
|
3/31/2024 |
$189,524 |
$19,914 |
$91,089 |
Securities Lending Agent
The Board has approved each Fund’s participation in a securities lending program. Under the securities lending program, BNY serves as the Funds’ securities lending agent (“Securities Lending Agent”).
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Funds did not earn income or pay any fees and/or compensation pursuant to the Securities Lending Agreement between the Trusts with respect to the Funds and the Securities Lending Agent.
Custodian
BNY is the custodian for the assets of the Funds. BNY holds securities, cash, and other assets of the Funds as required by the 1940 Act. As custodian for the Funds, BNY maintains a separate account or accounts for each Fund; receives, holds, and releases portfolio securities on account of each Fund; receives and disburses money on behalf of each Fund; and collects and receives income and other payments and distributions on account of each Fund’s portfolio securities. BNY also serves as the Funds’ foreign custody manager for their non-U.S. investments and is responsible for selecting, contracting with, and monitoring eligible foreign subcustodians.
Legal Counsel
Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP serves as the Trust’s legal counsel.
88
Portfolio Managers
Other Accounts Managed
The following chart lists certain information about types of other accounts for which each portfolio manager is primarily responsible as of March 31, 2026 unless otherwise noted. Any accounts managed in a personal capacity appear under “Other Accounts” along with the other accounts managed on a professional basis.
|
|
No.
of Accounts |
Total
Assets |
No.
of Accounts with |
Total
Assets in Accounts |
|
Christopher
Adams |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$7.4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
13 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Bradley
Angermeier |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
6 |
$7.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$141.3
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
4 |
$21
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Erik
Becker |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
2 |
$4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
3 |
$442.9
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Chad
Bolen |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$7.4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
13 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Joshua
Brown |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$43.1
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
4 |
$74
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Nathan
Brown* |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$1.5
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$46.8
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
4 |
$82.2
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Amy
Yu Chang |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
2 |
$1.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
2 |
$1.8
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
9 |
$2.4
billion |
1 |
$545.5
million |
|
Liu-Er
Chen |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$11
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
3 |
$273.9
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
2 |
$1.2
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
David
Crall |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$2.1
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Barry
Gladstein |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
1 |
$111.9
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
89
Portfolio Managers
|
|
No.
of Accounts |
Total
Assets |
No.
of Accounts with |
Total
Assets in Accounts |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Sam
Halpert |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
2 |
$238.2
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
1 |
$36.4
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Bradley
Halverson |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
4 |
$4.2
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$104.2
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
5 |
$351.3
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Matthew
Hodgkins |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
1 |
$83.6
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Kashif
Ishaq |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
10 |
$7.8
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
4 |
$1.7
billion |
1 |
$511.1
million |
|
Charles
John |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
5 |
$2.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$19.6
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Aditya
Kapoor |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
5 |
$2.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$19.6
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Geoffrey
King |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
2 |
$238.2
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
1 |
$36.4
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Bradley
Klapmeyer |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
6 |
$7.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$141.3
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
4 |
$21
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Barry
Klein |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$131.5
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
7 |
$1.1
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
11 |
$1.8
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Stephen
Kotsen |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
4 |
$2.1
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
14 |
$7.7
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
31 |
$22.1
billion |
4 |
$2
billion |
|
Benjamin
Leung |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$4.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
90
|
|
No.
of Accounts |
Total
Assets |
No.
of Accounts with |
Total
Assets in Accounts |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
29 |
$15.9
billion |
9 |
$5.2
billion |
|
Other
Accounts |
31 |
$37.8
billion |
4 |
$4.3
billion |
|
Stefan
Löwenthal |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
16 |
$6.7
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
17 |
$621.7
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
27 |
$2.2
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Kenneth
McQuade |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$43.1
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
4 |
$74
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
William
Mitchell III |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$7.4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
13 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Michael
Morris |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$7.4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
13 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Christopher
Parham |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$992.3
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Janaki
Rao |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
8 |
$7.2
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
2 |
$814
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
42 |
$4.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Mansur
Rasul |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
8 |
$6.5
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
4 |
$28.5
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
2 |
$51.5
million |
1 |
$51.2
million |
|
David
Reidinger |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$7.4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
13 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Charles
(Trey) Schorgl |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
5 |
$2.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$19.6
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Kimberly
Scott |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
4 |
$4.2
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$104.2
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
5 |
$351.3
million |
0 |
$0 |
91
Portfolio Managers
|
|
No.
of Accounts |
Total
Assets |
No.
of Accounts with |
Total
Assets in Accounts |
|
Christina
Van Het Hoen |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$7.4
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
13 |
$1.3
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Samir
Vanza |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
7 |
$4.9
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
29 |
$15.9
billion |
9 |
$5.2
billion |
|
Other
Accounts |
31 |
$37.8
billion |
4 |
$4.3
billion |
|
Bradley
Warden |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$7.1
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
1 |
$2.4
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Jürgen
Wurzer |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
16 |
$6.7
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
17 |
$621.7
million |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
27 |
$2.2
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Aaron
Young |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
16 |
$6.7
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Gus
Zinn |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies |
3 |
$7.1
billion |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
|
Other
Accounts |
1 |
$2.4
million |
0 |
$0 |
| * | Information as of April 30, 2026. |
Description of Material Conflicts of Interest
The Manager
Individual portfolio managers may perform investment management services for other funds or accounts similar to those provided to the Funds and the investment action for each such other fund or account and the Funds may differ. For example, an account or fund may be selling a security, while another account or fund may be purchasing or holding the same security. As a result, transactions executed for one fund or account may adversely affect the value of securities held by another fund, account, or a Fund. Additionally, the management of multiple funds or accounts and a Fund may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, as a portfolio manager must allocate time and effort to multiple funds or accounts and the Funds. A portfolio manager may discover an investment opportunity that may be suitable for more than one account or fund. The investment opportunity may be limited, however, so that all funds or accounts for which the investment would be suitable may not be able to participate. The Manager has established proprietary accounts and initial seed accounts, and also manages accounts for affiliated entities. A portfolio manager also may have invested in certain funds or accounts managed by the Manager. Accordingly, portfolio managers have an incentive to favor these accounts or funds over other client accounts or funds. The Manager has adopted procedures designed to allocate investments fairly across multiple funds and accounts including, unless prohibited by applicable law, proprietary and affiliated accounts.
Some of the accounts managed by a portfolio manager as set forth in the table above may have performance-based fees. This compensation structure presents a potential conflict of interest because a portfolio manager has an incentive to manage these accounts so as to enhance their performance, to the possible detriment of other accounts for which the Manager does not receive a performance-based fee.
A portfolio manager’s management of personal accounts also may present certain conflicts of interest. While the Manager’s Code of Ethics is designed to address these potential conflicts, there is no guarantee that it will do so.
92
When the Manager and its affiliates establish proprietary accounts, provide the initial seed capital in connection with the creation of a new investment product or style, and manage affiliate accounts, these accounts may not exhibit the same performance results as a similarly managed Fund for a variety of reasons, including regulatory restrictions on the type and amount of securities in which the proprietary capital invests, differential credit and financing terms, and the use of hedging transactions that differ from those used to implement investment strategies for advisory clients.
MIMGL
Individual
portfolio managers may perform investment management services for other funds or accounts similar to those provided to the Fund, and the
investment action for each such other fund or account and the Fund may differ. For example, an account or fund may be selling a security
while
another
account or fund may be purchasing or holding the same security. As a result, transactions executed for one fund or account may adversely
affect the
value of securities held by another fund, account, or a Fund.
Additionally, the management of multiple funds or accounts and a Fund may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, as a portfolio manager must allocate time and effort to multiple funds or accounts and the Funds. A portfolio manager may discover an investment opportunity that may be suitable for more than one account or fund. The investment opportunity may be limited, however, so that all funds or accounts for which the investment would be suitable may not be able to participate.
The sub-advisor may establish initial seed accounts and manage accounts for affiliated entities. A portfolio manager also may have invested in certain funds or accounts managed by the sub-advisor. Accordingly, portfolio managers have an incentive to favor these accounts or funds over other client accounts or funds. The sub-advisor has adopted procedures designed to allocate investments fairly across multiple funds and accounts, including, unless prohibited by applicable law, affiliated accounts.
Some of the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, as set forth in the table above, may have performance based fees. This compensation structure presents a potential conflict of interest because a portfolio manager has an incentive to manage these accounts so as to enhance their performance, to the possible detriment of other accounts for which the sub-advisor does not receive a performance based fee.
A portfolio manager’s management of personal accounts also may present certain conflicts of interest. While the sub-advisor’s Code of Ethics is designed to address these potential conflicts, there is no guarantee that it will do so.
When the sub-advisor provides initial seed capital in connection with the creation of a new investment product or style and performs investment management services for other funds or accounts including affiliated accounts, these accounts may not exhibit the same performance results as a similarly managed Fund for a variety of reasons, including regulatory restrictions on the type and amount of securities in which the fund or account invests, differential credit and financing terms, and the use of hedging transactions that differ from those used to implement investment strategies for advisory clients.
NCRAM
Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise where a portfolio manager has day-to-day responsibilities with respect to more than one account. These conflicts include but are not limited to: (i) the process for allocation of investments among multiple accounts for which a particular investment may be appropriate, (ii) allocation of a portfolio manager’s time and attention among relevant accounts, (iii) execution of portfolio transactions, (iv) personal interests and related party interests, (v) compensation conflicts such as where NCRAM has an incentive fee arrangement or other interest with respect to one account that does not exist with respect to other accounts, and (vi) other investment and operational conflicts of interest. NCRAM’s compliance policies and procedures, including the Code of Ethics, are designed to address these conflicts and to provide reasonable assurance that no client or group of clients is advantaged at the expense of any other client and that client accounts are treated equitably over time. However, there is no guarantee that such policies and procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.
VanEck
VanEck (and its principals, affiliates or employees) may serve as investment adviser to other client accounts and conduct investment activities for their own accounts (together, “Other Accounts”). Such Other Accounts may have investment objectives or may implement investment strategies similar to those of a Fund. When VanEck implements investment strategies for Other Accounts that are similar or directly contrary to the positions taken by a Fund, the prices of a Fund’s securities may be negatively affected. For example, when purchase or sales orders for a Fund are aggregated with those of Other Accounts and allocated among them, the price that a Fund pays or receives may be more in the case of a purchase or less in a sale than if VanEck served as subadviser to only a Fund. When Other Accounts are selling a security that a Fund owns, the price of that security may decline as a result of the sales. The compensation that VanEck receives from Other Accounts may be higher than the compensation received by VanEck for sub-advising a Fund. VanEck does not believe that its activities materially disadvantage a Fund. VanEck has implemented procedures to monitor trading across a Fund and its Other Accounts. Furthermore, VanEck may recommend a Fund purchase securities of issues to which it, or its affiliate, acts as adviser, manager, sponsor, distributor, marketing agent, or in another capacity and for which it receives advisory or other fees. While this practice may create conflicts of interest, VanEck has adopted procedures to minimize such conflicts.
93
Portfolio Managers
Compensation Structure
The Manager
Each portfolio manager’s compensation consists of the following:
Base Salary — Each named portfolio manager receives a fixed base salary. Salaries are determined by a comparison to industry data prepared by third parties to ensure that portfolio manager salaries are in line with salaries paid at peer investment advisory firms.
Bonus — The portfolio managers are eligible to receive an annual bonus. The annual bonus is awarded by the firm on a discretionary basis, taking fund revenue, fund performance, overall firm performance and individual performance and other factors into account.
Adams, Angermeier, Becker, Bolen, J. Brown, N. Brown, Chen, Halverson, John, Kapoor, Klapmeyer, McQuade, Mitchell, Morris, Reidinger, Schorgl, Scott, Van Het Hoen, Warden, Zinn. Each named portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual discretionary bonus. The bonus pool is determined by the Nomura Group results, Divisional results and where appropriate the revenues associated with the products a portfolio manager manages. A percentage of these revenues (minus appropriate expenses associated with relevant product and the investment management team) creates the “bonus pool” for the product. Various members of the portfolio management team have the ability to earn a percentage of the bonus pool with the most senior contributor generally having the largest share. The pool is allocated to individual contributors based on financial and non-financial factors, and an individual’s performance as compared to agreed objectives, as determined by senior management. The primary objective factor is the 1-, 3-, and 5-year performance of the funds managed relative to the performance of the appropriate Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) peer groups and the performance of institutional composites relative to the appropriate indices. Three- and five-year performance is weighted more heavily and there is no objective award for a fund whose performance falls below the 50th percentile for a given period.
Hodgkins, Löwenthal, Wurzer, Young. Each named portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual discretionary bonus. The bonus pool is determined by the Nomura Group results, Divisional results and where appropriate the revenues associated with the products a portfolio manager manages. A percentage of these revenues (minus appropriate expenses associated with relevant product and the investment management team) creates the “bonus pool” for the product. Various members of the portfolio management team have the ability to earn a percentage of the bonus pool with the most senior contributors generally having the largest share. The pool is allocated to individual contributors based on financial and non-financial factors, and an individual’s performance as compared to agreed objectives, as determined by senior management.
Gladstein, Klein. Fixed remuneration takes into consideration the role of individual, their responsibilities and skills, and market conditions. Fixed remuneration is reviewed on a yearly basis in March/April, and any changes take effect from April 1 of that year. The aggregate bonus pool is linked to Nomura Group’s profitability and return on ordinary equity, with the allocation of individual discretionary bonus awards based on factors including contribution to profit, use of capital, funding and risk. Nomura operates deferral arrangements for employees meeting certain pay thresholds, to ensure an appropriate balance between short and longer-term incentives. Compensation is not directly based on the pre or post tax performance of the Fund over a certain period. However, performance of the Fund may be one factor taken into account in determining compensation.
Ishaq, Rao, Rasul. Investment professionals are eligible to receive a discretionary bonus, which is based on financial and non-financial factors. Discretionary bonus awards for individuals consider entity/department profits, individual contribution to the profit (for revenue generating employees), the employee’s performance against pre-agreed targets and remuneration levels in the market in which the Nomura Asset Management business operates. Individual contribution is assessed on a range of factors including the successful completion of key fund and portfolio investment initiatives, and the long-term performance of the investments for which an individual is responsible. The total bonus pool available for discretionary allocations to individual investment professionals is determined by the Nomura Group results, divisional results, assets managed (including investment companies, insurance product-related accounts and other separate accounts), management fees and related expenses (including fund waiver expenses) for registered investment companies, pooled vehicles, and managed separate accounts. Although no direct link is applied, each manager is compensated by taking account of the following assessments. For investment companies, each manager is compensated according to the Fund’s Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (formerly, Lipper Inc.) (“Broadridge”) or Morningstar, Inc. peer group percentile ranking on a 1-, 3-, and 5-year basis, with longer term performance more heavily weighted. For managed separate accounts, the portfolio managers are compensated according to the composite percentile ranking against the eVestment Alliance database (or similar sources of relative performance data) on a one-, three-, and five-year basis, with longer term performance more heavily weighted; composite performance relative to the benchmark is also evaluated for the same time periods. Incentives reach maximum potential at the top 25th-30th percentile. The remaining portion of the bonus pool allocation is discretionary as determined by Nomura Asset Management and takes account of both financial and non-financial factors. For new and recently transitioned portfolio managers, the compensation may be weighed more heavily towards a portfolio manager’s actual contribution and ability to influence performance, rather than longer-term performance. Management intends to move the compensation structure towards longer-term performance for these portfolio managers over time.
Deferred Compensation — When an employee’s total compensation (fixed plus variable remuneration) exceeds certain limits, the employee is subjected to the Nomura Holdings, Inc. remuneration deferral scheme which may include the Nomura Notional Fund Unit (NFU) Plan and the Nomura Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) Plan, for alignment of interest purposes.
94
Nomura Notional Fund Unit (NFU) — A portion of a portfolio manager’s discretionary bonus may be notionally aligned with the performance of certain funds pursuant to the terms and vesting conditions of the Nomura Notional Fund Unit Award Agreement. In general, the award will vest in equal tranches over a period of 3 years with longer vesting periods as necessary to comply with regulatory requirements.
Nomura Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) — A portion of a portfolio manager’s discretionary bonus may be granted in RSUs pursuant to the terms and vesting conditions of the Nomura Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, which is used to deliver remuneration in the form of Nomura equity. In general, vesting and delivery of shares will be in equal tranches over a period of 3 years with longer vesting periods as necessary to comply with regulatory requirements.
Other Compensation — Portfolio managers may also participate in benefit plans and programs available generally to all similarly situated employees.
MIMGL
Base Salary — Each named portfolio manager receives a fixed base salary. Salaries are determined by a comparison to industry data prepared by third parties to ensure that portfolio manager salaries are in line with salaries paid at peer investment advisory firms.
Bonus — Leung, Vanza. Each named portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus. The bonus pool is determined by the revenues associated with the products a portfolio manager manages. Macquarie Asset Management keeps a percentage of the revenues and the remaining percentage of revenues (minus appropriate expenses associated with relevant product and the investment management team) creates the “bonus pool” for the product. Various members of the team have the ability to earn a percentage of the bonus pool, with the most senior contributors generally having the largest share.
Individual allocations of the bonus pool are based on individual performance measurements, both objective and subjective, as determined by senior management.
Portfolio managers participate in retention programs, including a MAM notional investment plan (the “MAM Notional Investment Plan”) and the Macquarie Group Employee Retained Equity Plan, for alignment of interest purposes.
MAM Notional Investment Plan — A portion of a portfolio manager’s retained profit share may be notionally exposed to the return of certain funds within the complex pursuant to the terms of the MAM Notional Investment Plan. The retained amount will vest in equal tranches over a period ranging from four to five years after the date of investment (depending on the level of the employee).
Macquarie Group Employee Retained Equity Plan — A portion of a portfolio manager’s retained profit share may be invested in the Macquarie Group Employee Retained Equity Plan (“MEREP”), which is used to deliver remuneration in the form of Macquarie equity. The main type of award currently being offered under the MEREP is units comprising a beneficial interest in a Macquarie share held in a trust for the employee, subject to the vesting and forfeiture provisions of the MEREP. Subject to vesting conditions, vesting and release of the shares occurs in a period ranging from four to five years after the date of investment (depending on the level of the employee).
Other Compensation — Portfolio managers may also participate in benefit plans and programs available generally to all similarly situated employees.
NCRAM
Compensation within NCRAM consists of a fixed amount which includes base salary and benefits together with a variable performance-related amount. The CEO will determine the bonus for investment professionals, consulting with the PMs with regard to the analysts. The variable performance-related remuneration is based upon an individual’s performance as compared to agreed objectives which may include financial and non-financial performance measures, risk management, and other relevant factors. Determination of variable performance-related compensation is sufficiently flexible to reward short- and long-term individual performance.
When an employee’s total compensation (fixed plus variable remuneration) exceeds certain limits, the employee must participate in the Nomura Holdings, Inc. remuneration deferral scheme which links the employee’s deferred compensation award to the performance of NHI shares. Also, in the case of certain portfolio managers, a portion of their deferred compensation may be linked to the performance of certain strategies managed by NCRAM, and we believe this further ties portfolio managers to the long-term performance of NCRAM’s clients. Therefore, total compensation may consist of three elements: base salary, cash bonus and deferred bonus (via deferral vehicles, typically vesting over three years and linked to various instruments as described above).
VanEck
The portfolio managers are paid a fixed base salary and a bonus. The bonus is based upon the quality of investment analysis and management of the funds for which they serve as portfolio manager. Portfolio managers who oversee accounts with significantly different fee structures are generally compensated by discretionary bonus rather than a set formula to help reduce potential conflicts of interest. At times, VanEck and affiliates manage accounts with incentive fees.
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Portfolio Managers
The portfolio managers may serve as portfolio managers to other clients. Such “Other Clients” may have investment objectives or may implement investment strategies similar to those of the Fund. When the portfolio managers implement investment strategies for Other Clients that are similar or directly contrary to the positions taken by the Fund, the prices of the Fund’s securities may be negatively affected. The compensation that the portfolio managers receive for managing Other Client accounts may be higher than the compensation the portfolio manager receives for managing the Fund. The portfolio managers do not believe that their activities materially disadvantage the Fund. VanEck has implemented procedures to monitor trading across funds and its Other Clients.
Ownership of Fund Shares
As of March 31, 2026, the portfolio managers beneficially owned shares of the Funds, as described below. If no information is shown below for a portfolio manager, the portfolio manager did not own shares of any Fund.
|
Portfolio Manager |
Fund |
Dollar Range of Fund Shares Owned1,2 |
|
Barry Gladstein |
Nomura Climate Solutions Fund |
$10,001-$50,000 |
|
Barry Klein |
Nomura Climate Solutions Fund |
$1-$10,000 |
|
Erik Becker |
Nomura Core Equity Fund |
Over $1 million |
|
Charles (Trey) Schorgl |
Nomura Global Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Liu-Er Chen |
Nomura Healthcare Fund |
Over $1 million |
|
Geoffrey King |
Nomura Natural Resources Fund |
$500,001-$1 million |
|
Bradley Warden |
Nomura Science and Technology Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Kenneth McQuade |
Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Christopher Adams |
Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund |
$10,001-$50,000 |
|
David Reidinger |
Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund |
$50,001-$100,000 |
|
Christina Van Het Hoen |
Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund |
$10,001-$50,000 |
| 1 | The ranges for Fund share ownership by portfolio managers are: None; $1-$10,000; $10,001-$50,000; $50,001-$100,000; $100,001-$500,000; $500,001-$1 million; or over $1 million. |
| 2 | Includes Fund shares beneficially owned by portfolio manager and immediate family members sharing the same household. |
The compensation of the portfolio managers under the NFU (as described above) may include amounts that correspond to a hypothetical investment that directly tracks the return of a Fund that the portfolio manager manages. This indirect exposure to a Fund’s returns is referred to as shares owned notionally. A portfolio manager that is compensated in this manner will experience the same investment returns that are experienced by shareholders of a Fund, but the portfolio manager does not directly own shares of the Fund.
As of March 31, 2026, the portfolio managers had notional exposure to an investment in the applicable Funds through the NFU, as described below. If no information is shown below for a portfolio manager, the portfolio manager did not have notional exposure to an investment in a Fund through the NFU.
|
Portfolio Manager |
Fund |
Dollar
Range of Notional Exposure to |
|
Erik Becker |
Nomura Core Equity Fund |
$500,001-$1 million |
|
Charles John |
Nomura Global Growth Fund |
$50,001-$100,000 |
|
Aditya Kapoor |
Nomura Global Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Charles (Trey) Schorgl |
Nomura Global Growth Fund |
$50,001-$100,000 |
|
Liu-Er Chen |
Nomura Healthcare Fund |
Over $1 million |
|
Charles John |
Nomura International Core Equity Fund |
$50,001-$100,000 |
|
Aditya Kapoor |
Nomura International Core Equity Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Charles (Trey) Schorgl |
Nomura International Core Equity Fund |
$50,001-$100,000 |
|
Kimberly Scott |
Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Bradley Halverson |
Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Kimberly Scott |
Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Bradley Halverson |
Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Gus Zinn |
Nomura Science and Technology Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Bradley Warden |
Nomura Science and Technology Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
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|
Portfolio Manager |
Fund |
Dollar
Range of Notional Exposure to |
|
Nathan Brown |
Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund |
$50,001-$100,000 |
|
Joshua Brown |
Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
|
Kenneth McQuade |
Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund |
$100,001-$500,000 |
| 1 | The ranges for Fund share ownership by portfolio managers are: None; $1-$10,000; $10,001-$50,000; $50,001-$100,000; $100,001-$500,000; $500,001-$1 million; or over $1 million |
Trading Practices and Brokerage
The Manager or sub-advisor, as the case may be, selects broker/dealers to execute transactions on behalf of the Funds for the purchase or sale of portfolio securities on the basis of its judgment of their professional capability to provide the service. The primary consideration in selecting broker/dealers is to seek those broker/dealers who will provide best execution for the Funds. Best execution refers to many factors, including the price paid or received for a security, the commission charged, the promptness and reliability of execution, the confidentiality and placement accorded the order, and other factors affecting the overall benefit obtained by the account on the transaction. Some trades are made on a net basis where the Funds either buy securities directly from the broker/dealer or sell them to the broker/dealer. In these instances, there is no direct commission charged but there is a spread (the difference between the buy and sell price), which is the economic equivalent of a commission. When a commission is paid, the Funds pay reasonable brokerage commission rates based upon the professional knowledge of the Manager’s or sub-advisor’s trading department as to rates paid and charged for similar transactions throughout the securities industry. In some instances, a Fund pays a minimal share transaction cost when the transaction presents no difficulty.
During the last three fiscal years, the aggregate dollar amounts of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds were as follows:
|
|
2026 |
2025 |
2024 |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
$755,226 |
$698,088 |
$739,995 |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
$245,000 |
$205,450 |
$164,603 |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
$398,440 |
$356,630 |
$449,388 |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
$553,674 |
$590,210 |
$289,803 |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
$2,723,932 |
$2,368,267 |
$1,003,731 |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
$595,385 |
$296,445 |
$126,582 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
$1,154,120 |
$1,373,058 |
$1,169,461 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
$330,057 |
$210,306 |
$233,404 |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
$61,256 |
$48,340 |
$54,968 |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
$728,605 |
$1,056,230 |
$861,926 |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
$445,975 |
$431,337 |
$604,420 |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
$52,643 |
$58,562 |
$93,854 |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
$77,828 |
$27,728 |
$102,094 |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
$180,155 |
$178,101 |
$211,061 |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
$49,302 |
$54,090 |
$62,744 |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
$1,386,282 |
$1,316,117 |
$603,588 |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
$103,162 |
$139,097 |
$126,809 |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
$0 |
$1,837 |
$10,739 |
Subject to the obligation to seek best execution, the Manager may use affiliated brokers to effect Fund brokerage transactions under procedures adopted by the Board. During the last three fiscal years, the Funds did not pay brokerage commissions to any brokers that were affiliates at the time of the payment.
Subject to applicable requirements, such as seeking best execution and Rule 12b-1(h) under the 1940 Act, the Manager or the sub-advisor may allocate out of all commission business generated by all of the funds and accounts under its management, brokerage business to broker/dealers who provide brokerage and research services. These services may include providing advice, either directly or through publications or writings, as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing, or selling securities, and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; furnishing of analyses and reports concerning issuers, securities, or industries; providing information on economic factors and trends; assisting in determining portfolio strategy; providing computer software used in security analysis; and providing portfolio performance evaluation and
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Trading Practices and Brokerage
technical market analyses. Such services are used by the Manager or the sub-advisor in connection with its investment decision-making process with respect to one or more mutual funds and separate accounts managed by it, and may not be used, or used exclusively, with respect to the mutual fund or separate account generating the brokerage.
Securities transactions for a Fund may be effected in foreign markets that may not allow negotiation of commissions or where it is customary to pay fixed rates.
As provided in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Funds’ Investment Management Agreement, higher commissions are permitted to be paid to broker/dealers who provide brokerage and research services than to broker/dealers who do not provide such services, if such higher commissions are deemed reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. Although transactions directed to broker/dealers who provide such brokerage and research services may result in the Funds paying higher commissions, the Manager or the sub-advisor believes that such commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. In some instances, services may be provided to the Manager or the sub-advisor that constitute, in some part, brokerage and research services used by the Manager or the sub-advisor in connection with its investment decision-making process and constitute, in some part, services used by the Manager or the sub-advisor in connection with administrative or other functions not related to its investment decision-making process. In such cases, the Manager or the sub-advisor will make a good faith allocation of brokerage and research services and will pay out of its own resources for services used by the Manager or the sub-advisor in connection with administrative or other functions not related to its investment decision-making process. In addition, so long as a Fund is not disadvantaged, other than the potential for additional commissions/equivalents, portfolio transactions that generate commissions or their equivalent can be allocated to broker/dealers that provide services directly or indirectly to a Fund and/or to other Nomura Funds. Subject to best execution, commissions/equivalents allocated to brokers providing such services may or may not be generated by the funds receiving the service. In such instances, the commissions/equivalents would be used for the advantage of a Fund or other funds and not for the advantage of the Manager or the sub-advisor.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, portfolio transactions of the Funds in the amounts listed below, resulting in brokerage commissions in the amounts listed below, were directed to brokers for brokerage and research services provided:
|
|
Transaction |
Brokerage |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
$930,646,945 |
$314,079 |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
$1,486,708,063 |
$95,953 |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
$3,189,211,723 |
$248,446 |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
$775,903,232 |
$263,538 |
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
$2,231,183,468 |
$1,284,903 |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
$5,387,459,971 |
$366,241 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
$423,152,566 |
$54,195 |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
$644,139,247 |
$200,072 |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
$155,197,468 |
$38,879 |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
$1,486,274,485 |
$455,353 |
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
$486,548,983 |
$27,154 |
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
$18,035,685 |
$8,161 |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
$163,589,178 |
$44,349 |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
$65,105,670 |
$39,186 |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
$74,096,546 |
$25,140 |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
$7,595,609,182 |
$745,270 |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
$0 |
$0 |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
$0 |
$0 |
As of March 31, 2026, the Funds held the following amounts of securities of their regular broker/dealers, as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act, or such broker/dealers’ parents. If no information is shown for a Fund, the Fund did not hold securities of its regular broker/dealers as of the end of its fiscal year.
|
Fund |
Name of Broker/Dealer |
Market
Value of Aggregate |
|
Nomura Asset Strategy Fund |
BANK OF AMERICA CORP |
$3,178,127 |
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|
Fund |
Name of Broker/Dealer |
Market
Value of Aggregate |
|
|
RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL INC. |
$358,156 |
|
Nomura Balanced Fund |
MORGAN STANLEY |
$19,730,682 |
|
Nomura Global Bond Fund |
WELLS FARGO & COMPANY |
$3,070,543 |
|
Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund |
BROADRIDGE FINANCIAL SOLUTIONS |
$63,706,458 |
|
Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund |
LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC |
$77,087,988 |
The Manager or the sub-advisor, as the case may be, may place a combined order for two or more accounts or funds engaged in the purchase or sale of the same security if, in its judgment, joint execution is in the best interest of each participant and will meet the requirement to seek best execution. Transactions involving commingled orders are allocated in a manner deemed equitable to each account or fund. When a combined order is executed in a series of transactions at different prices, each account participating in the order may be allocated an average price obtained from the executing broker. It is believed that the ability of the accounts to participate in volume transactions will generally be beneficial to the accounts and funds. Although it is recognized that, in some cases, the joint execution of orders could adversely affect the price or volume of the security that a particular account or fund may obtain, it is the opinion of the Manager or sub-advisor and the Board that the advantages of combined orders outweigh the possible disadvantages of separate transactions.
From time to time, the Manager may recommend or execute trades in certain instruments between a Fund and other accounts managed by the Manager or its affiliates (including proprietary, seed, and affiliate accounts). These trades are known as cross trades. Cross trades can provide a benefit to a Fund in the form of reduced market impact, increased execution efficiency and reduced transaction costs, and the ability to fill sell and purchase orders at more advantageous prices. Cross trades create actual or potential conflicts of interest between a Fund and other accounts managed by the Manager or its affiliates, and for the Manager and its affiliates, including the possibility that the Manager, for example, will effect a cross trade at a price that is disadvantageous to a participating client account, will transfer an undesirable security from a client paying higher fees to one paying lower fees, will transfer an illiquid security held by a client account in need of liquidity to another client account, or use one client account to “park” desirable securities for other client accounts until cash becomes available. To address these potential conflicts, the Funds have adopted a policy requiring all cross trades for a Fund to comply with Rule 17a-7 under the 1940 Act and applicable SEC guidance. This policy requires, among other things, that cross trades for a Fund must only involve a security for which market quotations are readily available and must be effected at the independent current market price of the security.
Consistent with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) rules, and subject to seeking best execution, the Manager may place orders with broker/dealers that have agreed to defray certain fund expenses, such as custodian fees.
Each Fund has the authority to participate in a commission recapture program. Under the program and subject to seeking best execution (as described above), a Fund may direct certain security trades to brokers who have agreed to rebate a portion of the related brokerage commission to the Fund in cash. Any such commission rebates will be included as a realized gain on securities in the appropriate financial statements of a Fund. The Manager and its affiliates have previously acted, and may in the future act, as an investment manager to mutual funds or separate accounts affiliated with the administrator of the commission recapture program. In addition, affiliates of the administrator act as consultants in helping institutional clients choose investment managers and may also participate in other types of businesses and provide other services in the investment management industry.
Capital Structure
Capitalization
Each Trust currently has authorized, and allocated to each Class of its respective Fund(s), an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of each Fund are, when issued in accordance with the registration statement (as amended from time to time), the applicable Trust’s governing instruments and applicable law, fully paid and nonassessable. Shareholders do not have preemptive rights. All shares of a Fund represent an undivided proportionate interest in the assets of the Fund. Shareholders of the Funds’ Institutional Class and Class R6 may not vote on any matter that affects the Retail Classes’ Distribution Plans under Rule 12b-1. Similarly, as a general matter, shareholders of the Retail Classes may vote only on matters affecting their respective Class, including the Retail Classes’ Rule 12b-1 Plans that relate to the Class of shares that they hold. However, a Fund’s Class C shares may vote on any proposal to increase materially the fees to be paid by the Fund under the Rule 12b-1 Plan relating to its Class A shares. Except for the foregoing, each share Class of a Fund has the same voting and other rights and preferences as the other Classes of such Fund. General expenses of a Fund will be allocated on a pro rata basis to the Classes according to asset size, except that expenses of the Retail Classes’ Rule 12b-1 Plans will be allocated solely to those Classes, and Class R6 shares will not be allocated any expenses related to service fees, sub-accounting fees, and/or subtransfer agency fees paid to brokers, dealers, or other financial intermediaries.
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Capital Structure
Noncumulative Voting
Each Trust’s shares have noncumulative voting rights, meaning that the holders of more than 50% of the shares of the Trust voting for the election of Trustees can elect all of the Trustees if they choose to do so, and, in such event, the holders of the remaining shares will not be able to elect any Trustees.
Purchasing Shares
General Information
Shares of the Funds are offered on a continuous basis by the Distributor and may be purchased through authorized financial intermediaries or directly by contacting the applicable Trust. Each Trust reserves the right to suspend sales of Fund shares, and reject any order for the purchase of Fund shares if, in the opinion of management, such rejection is in a Fund’s best interest. The minimum initial investment generally is $1,000 for Class A shares and Class C shares. Subsequent purchases of such Classes generally must be at least $100. The initial and subsequent investment minimums for Class A shares will be waived for purchases by officers, Trustees, and employees of any Nomura Fund, the Manager, or any of the Manager’s affiliates if the purchases are made pursuant to a payroll deduction program. There are no minimum purchase requirements for Class R, Class R6, Class Y and Institutional Class shares (except those purchased through an automatic investment plan), but certain eligibility requirements must be met.
You may purchase only up to $1 million of Class C shares of each Fund at one time. Orders that exceed $1 million or more will be rejected. See “Investment Plans” below for purchase limitations applicable to retirement accounts. An investor should keep in mind that reduced front-end sales charges apply to investments of $50,000 or more in Class A shares, and that Class A shares are subject to lower annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses than Class C shares and generally are not subject to a CDSC.
Financial intermediaries are responsible for transmitting orders promptly. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any order for the purchase of its shares if in the opinion of management such rejection is in the Fund’s best interest. If a purchase is canceled because your check is returned unpaid, you are responsible for any loss incurred. Each Fund can redeem shares from your account(s) to reimburse itself for any loss, and you may be restricted from making future purchases in any Nomura Fund. Each Fund reserves the right to reject purchase orders paid by third-party checks or checks that are not drawn on a domestic branch of a US financial institution. If a check drawn on a foreign financial institution is accepted, you may be subject to additional bank charges for clearance and currency conversion.
Each Fund also reserves the right, following shareholder notification, to charge a service fee on nonretirement accounts that, as a result of redemption, have remained below the minimum stated account balance for a period of three or more consecutive months. Holders of such accounts may be notified of their insufficient account balance and advised that they have until the end of the current calendar quarter to raise their balance to the stated minimum. If the account has not reached the minimum balance requirement by that time, the Funds may charge a $9 fee for that quarter and each subsequent calendar quarter until the account is brought up to the minimum balance. No fees will be charged without proper notice, and no CDSC will apply to such assessments.
In addition, each Fund reserves the right, upon 60 days’ written notice, to involuntarily redeem accounts that remain under the minimum initial purchase amount as a result of redemptions. An investor making the minimum initial investment may be subject to involuntary redemption without the imposition of a CDSC or Limited CDSC if he or she redeems any portion of his or her account.
Minimum purchase and minimum balance requirements do not apply to accounts participating in advisory or asset-allocation programs covered by financial intermediaries. Certain accounts held in omnibus or programs covered by certain intermediaries may be opened with less than the minimum stated account balance and may maintain balances that are below the minimum stated account balance without incurring a service fee or being subject to involuntary redemption.
FINRA has adopted amendments to its Conduct Rules, relating to investment company sales charges. Each Trust and the Distributor intend to operate in compliance with these rules.
Certificates representing shares purchased are not ordinarily issued. However, purchases not involving the issuance of certificates are confirmed to the investor and credited to the shareholder’s account on the books maintained by the Transfer Agent. The investor will have the same rights of ownership with respect to such shares as if certificates had been issued. An investor will be permitted to obtain a certificate in certain limited circumstances that are approved by an appropriate officer of the Funds. No charge is assessed by the Trust for any certificate issued. The Funds do not intend to issue replacement certificates for lost or stolen certificates, except in certain limited circumstances that are approved by an appropriate officer of the Funds. In those circumstances, a shareholder may be subject to fees for replacement of a lost or stolen certificate, under certain conditions, including the cost of obtaining a bond covering the lost or stolen certificate. Please contact the Trust for further information. Investors who hold certificates representing any of their shares may only redeem those shares by written request. The investor’s certificate(s) must accompany such request.
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For investors currently holding paper certificates, the Funds, in their discretion, may deem it necessary to retire all outstanding paper share certificates and convert your shares into electronic format, which is commonly referred to as “book entry” format. Shares held in “book entry” form have all of the same rights and privileges as shares held in certificate form, and allow for convenient electronic share transactions, such as telephone or online exchanges and redemptions. Please note, that this operational exercise does not in any way change your ownership rights or the value of your investment. Impacted investors would receive a letter prior to any such action.
Contact your financial intermediary for specific information regarding the availability and suitability of various account options described throughout this SAI. Contact your financial intermediary for specific information with respect to the financial intermediary’s policies regarding minimum purchase and minimum balance requirements and involuntary redemption, which may differ from what is described throughout this SAI.
Comparison of Share Classes
The alternative purchase arrangements of Class A shares and Class C shares permit investors to choose the method of purchasing shares that is most suitable for their needs given the amount of their purchase, the length of time they expect to hold their shares and other relevant circumstances. Investors should determine whether, given their particular circumstances, it is more advantageous to purchase Class A shares and incur a front-end sales charge and annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses of up to a maximum of 0.25% of the average daily net assets of Class A shares of a Fund, or to purchase Class C shares and have the entire initial purchase amount invested in a Fund with the investment thereafter subject to a CDSC and annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses.
Class C shares are subject to a CDSC if the shares are redeemed within 12 months of purchase. Class C shares are subject to annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses of up to a maximum of 1.00% of average daily net assets of the Class, 0.25% of which is a service fee to be paid to the Distributor, dealers, or others for providing personal service and/or encouraging and fostering the maintenance of shareholder accounts. Class C shares that automatically convert to Class A shares at the end of approximately 8 years after purchase will be subject to Class A shares’ annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses.
The higher Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses on Class C shares will be offset to the extent a return is realized on the additional money initially invested upon the purchase of such shares. However, there can be no assurance as to the return, if any, that will be realized on such additional money. In addition, the effect of any return earned on such additional money will diminish over time.
Class R and Class Y shares have no front-end sales charge and are not subject to a CDSC, but Class Y shares incur annual Rule 12b-1 expenses of up to a maximum of 0.25% and Class R shares incur annual Rule 12b-1 expenses of up to a maximum of 0.50%. In comparing Class C shares to Class R and Class Y shares, investors should consider the higher Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses on Class C shares. Investors also should consider the fact that Class R and Class Y shares do not have a front-end sales charge and, unlike Class C shares, are not subject to a CDSC. Class R and Class Y shares may only be purchased by certain eligible investors. See Investing in the Fund — Choosing a share class — Class R and — Class Y in the Prospectus for information about Class R and Class Y share purchase eligibility, respectively.
For the distribution and related services provided to, and the expenses borne on behalf of, the Funds, the Distributor and others will be paid, in the case of Class A shares, from the proceeds of the front-end sales charge and Rule 12b-1 Plan fees; in the case of Class C shares, from the proceeds of the Rule 12b-1 Plan fees and, if applicable, the CDSC incurred upon redemption; and in the case of Class R shares and Class Y shares, from the proceeds of the Rule 12b-1 Plan fees. Financial intermediaries may receive different compensation for selling the Retail Classes. Investors should understand that the purpose and function of the respective Rule 12b-1 Plans (including for Class R and Class Y shares) and the CDSC applicable to Class C shares are the same as those of the Rule 12b-1 Plan and the front-end sales charge applicable to Class A shares in that such fees and charges are used to finance the distribution of the respective Classes. See “Plans under Rule 12b-1 for the Retail Classes” below.
Class R6 shares have no upfront sales charge, are not subject to a CDSC, and do not assess a 12b-1 fee. Class R6 shares do not pay any service fees, sub-accounting fees, and/or subtransfer agency fees to any unaffiliated brokers, dealers, or other financial intermediaries. Class R6 shares may only be purchased by certain eligible investors. See “Investing in the Fund — Choosing a share class — Class R6” in the Prospectus for information about Class R6 share purchase eligibility.
Dividends, if any, paid on the Retail Classes, Class R6 shares, and Institutional Class shares will be calculated in the same manner, at the same time and on the same day and will be in the same amount, except that the additional amount of Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses relating to the Retail Classes will be borne exclusively by such shares. See “Determining Offering Price and Net Asset Value” for more information.
Class A Shares: Purchases of $50,000 ($100,000 for Nomura Global Bond Fund and Nomura High Income Fund) or more of Class A shares at the offering price carry reduced front-end sales charges as shown in the table in the Prospectus, and may include a series of purchases over a 13-month period under a letter of intent signed by the purchaser. See “Special Purchase Features — Class A shares” below for more information on ways in which investors can avail themselves of reduced front-end sales charges and other purchase features.
From time to time, upon written notice to dealers, the Distributor may hold special promotions for specified periods during which the Distributor may re-allow to dealers up to the full amount of the front-end sales charge. The Distributor should be contacted for further information on these requirements as well as the basis and circumstances upon which the additional commission will be paid.
101
Purchasing Shares
Share Class Exchanges
If you wish to transfer your investment between share classes within the same Fund or between different funds, we generally will process your request as an exchange of the shares you currently hold for shares in the new class or fund. Below is more information about how sales charges are handled for various scenarios.
Exchanges of shares for the same Fund generally will be tax-free for federal income tax purposes. You should consult with your tax advisor regarding the state and local tax consequences of such an exchange of Fund shares.
Each of these exchange privileges is subject to termination and may be amended from time to time.
Exchanging Class A shares for Institutional Class shares
Class A shares purchased by accounts participating (or intending to participate) in certain programs sponsored by and/or controlled by financial intermediaries (“Programs”) may be exchanged by the financial intermediary on behalf of the shareholder for Institutional Class shares of another fund under certain circumstances, depending on such Program’s eligibility to purchase Institutional Class shares of that fund. Such exchange will be on the basis of the NAVs per share, without the imposition of any sales load, fee, or other charge.
Holders of Class A shares that were sold without a front-end sales load but for which the Distributor has paid a commission to a financial intermediary are generally not eligible for this exchange privilege until the applicable CDSC period has expired. The applicable CDSC period is generally 18 months after the purchase of such Class A shares, but please see the “Choosing a share class” section of the Prospectus for the CDSC period that applies to your Fund.
Exchanging Class C shares for Class A shares or Institutional Class shares
Class C shares purchased by accounts participating (or intending to participate) in certain Programs may be exchanged by the financial intermediary on behalf of the shareholder for either Class A shares or Institutional Class shares of a Fund under certain circumstances, depending on such Program’s eligibility to purchase either Class A shares or Institutional Class shares of a Fund. Such exchange will be on the basis of the NAVs per share, without the imposition of any sales load, fee, or other charge.
Holders of Class C shares that are subject to a CDSC are generally not eligible for this exchange privilege until the applicable CDSC period has expired. The applicable CDSC period is generally one year after the purchase of such Class C shares.
Exchanging Institutional Class shares for Class A shares
If a shareholder of Institutional Class shares has ceased his or her participation in a Program, or the financial intermediary has determined to utilize Class A shares in the Program or the shareholder transfers to a Program that utilizes Class A shares, the financial intermediary may exchange all such Institutional Class shares for Class A shares of a Fund. Such exchange will be on the basis of the relative NAVs of the shares, without imposition of any sales load, fee, or other charge.
Dealer’s Commission
For initial purchases of Class A shares of $1 million or more, a dealer’s commission may be paid by the Distributor to financial intermediaries through whom such purchases are effected.
In determining a financial intermediary’s eligibility for the dealer’s commission, purchases of Class A shares of other Nomura Funds to which a Limited CDSC applies (see “Redemption and Exchange — Contingent Deferred Sales Charge for Certain Redemptions of Class A Shares Purchased at Net Asset Value” below) may be aggregated with those of the Class A shares of another Fund. Financial intermediaries also may be eligible for a dealer’s commission in connection with certain purchases made under a letter of intent or pursuant to an investor’s right of accumulation. Financial intermediaries should contact the Distributor concerning the applicability and calculation of the dealer’s commission in the case of combined purchases.
An exchange from other Nomura Funds will not qualify for payment of the dealer’s commission, unless a dealer’s commission or similar payment has not been previously paid on the assets being exchanged. The schedule and program for payment of the dealer’s commission are subject to change or termination at any time by the Distributor at its discretion.
The Nomura Funds no longer offer a dealer’s commission to financial intermediaries on sales eligible for purchase at NAV in Class A shares for retirement plan accounts as described in the Prospectus.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge — Class C shares
Class C shares are purchased without a front-end sales charge. Class C shares redeemed within 12 months of purchase may be subject to a CDSC of 1.00%. CDSCs are charged as a percentage of the dollar amount subject to the CDSC. The charge will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the NAV at the time of purchase of the shares being redeemed or the NAV of those shares at the time of redemption. No CDSC will be imposed on increases in NAV above the initial purchase price, nor will a CDSC be assessed on redemptions of shares acquired through
102
reinvestment of dividends or capital gains distributions. For purposes of this formula, the “net asset value at the time of purchase” will be the NAV at purchase of Class C shares, even if those shares are later exchanged for shares of another Nomura Fund. In the event of an exchange of the shares, the “net asset value of such shares at the time of redemption” will be the NAV of the shares that were acquired in the exchange. See the Prospectus for a list of the instances in which the CDSC is waived.
Approximately 8 years after purchase, the investor’s Class C shares will be eligible to automatically convert to Class A shares of the same Fund. See Automatic Conversion of Class C shares below. Such conversion will constitute a tax-free exchange for federal income tax purposes. Investors are reminded that the Class A shares to which Class C shares will convert are subject to Class A shares’ ongoing annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses.
In determining whether a CDSC applies to a redemption of Class C shares, it will be assumed that shares held for more than 12 months are redeemed first followed by shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends or distributions, and finally by shares held for 12 months or less.
Automatic Conversion of Class C shares
Class C shares held for eight years after purchase are eligible for automatic conversion into Class A shares of the same Fund. Conversions of Class C shares into Class A shares will generally occur monthly during the calendar year, on the 18th day or next business day of each month (each, a “Conversion Date”). If the eighth anniversary after a purchase of Class C shares falls on a Conversion Date, an investor’s Class C shares will be converted on that date. If the eighth anniversary occurs between Conversion Dates, an investor’s Class C shares will be converted on the next Conversion Date after such anniversary.
The automatic conversion of Class C to Class A shares will be on the basis of the NAV per share, without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charge. Class C shares of a Fund acquired through a reinvestment of dividends will convert to Class A shares of the Fund pro rata with Class C shares of the Fund not acquired through dividend reinvestment. All such automatic conversions of Class C shares will constitute tax-free exchanges for federal income tax purposes.
For shareholders investing in Class C shares through retirement plans, omnibus accounts, and in certain other instances, a Fund and its agents may not have transparency into how long a shareholder has held Class C shares for purposes of determining whether such Class C shares are eligible for automatic conversion into Class A shares. In these circumstances, a Fund will not be able to automatically convert Class C shares into Class A shares as described above. In order to determine eligibility for conversion in these circumstances, it is the responsibility of the shareholder or their financial intermediary to notify the Fund that the shareholder is eligible for the conversion of Class C shares to Class A shares, and the shareholder or their financial intermediary may be required to maintain and provide the Fund with records that substantiate the holding period of Class C shares.
In addition, a financial intermediary may sponsor and/or control accounts, programs or platforms that impose a different conversion schedule or eligibility requirements in regards to the conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares. In these cases, certain Class C shareholders may not be eligible to convert to Class A shares as described above. However, these Class C shareholders may be permitted to exchange their Class C shares for Class A shares pursuant to the terms of the financial intermediary’s conversion policy. Financial intermediaries will be responsible for making such exchanges in those circumstances. Please consult with your financial intermediary if you have any questions regarding the conversion of Class C shares to Class A shares.
Level Sales Charges Alternative — Class C shares
Class C shares may be purchased at NAV without a front-end sales charge and, as a result, the full amount of the investor’s purchase payment will be invested in Fund shares. The Distributor currently compensates financial intermediaries for selling Class C shares at the time of purchase from its own assets in an amount equal to no more than 1.00% of the dollar amount purchased. As discussed below, Class C shares are subject to annual Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses and, as discussed above, if redeemed within 12 months of purchase, a CDSC.
Proceeds from the CDSC and the annual Rule 12b-1 Plan fees are paid to the Distributor and others for providing distribution and related services, and bearing related expenses, in connection with the sale of Class C shares. These payments support the compensation paid to financial intermediaries for selling Class C shares. Payments to the Distributor and others under the Class C Rule 12b-1 Plan may be in an amount equal to no more than 1.00% annually.
Holders of Class C shares who exercise the exchange privilege described below will continue to be subject to the CDSC schedule for Class C shares as described in this SAI. See Redemption and Exchange below.
Plans under Rule 12b-1 for the Retail Classes
Each Fund (except Nomura Healthcare Fund)
Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, Ivy Funds has adopted a plan for each of the Retail Classes (the “Plans”). Each Plan permits a Fund to pay for certain distribution and/or shareholder servicing expenses of only the class of shares to which the Plan applies. The Plans do not apply to the Institutional Class shares or Class R6 shares. Such shares are not included in calculating the Plans’ fees, and the Plans are not used to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Funds’ Institutional Class shares or Class R6 shares. Shareholders of the Institutional Class and Class R6 shares may not vote on matters affecting the Plans.
103
Purchasing Shares
The Plans permit a Fund, pursuant to its Distribution Agreement, to pay out of the assets of the Retail Classes monthly fees to the Distributor for its services and expenses in distributing and promoting sales of shares of such classes. These expenses include, among other things: preparing and distributing advertisements, sales literature, and prospectuses and reports used for sales purposes; compensating sales and marketing personnel; holding special promotions for specified periods of time; and paying distribution and maintenance fees to financial intermediaries and others. In connection with the promotion of shares of the Retail Classes, the Distributor may, from time to time, pay to participate in dealer-sponsored seminars and conferences, and reimburse dealers for expenses incurred in connection with preapproved seminars, conferences, and advertising. The Distributor may pay or allow additional promotional incentives to dealers as part of preapproved sales contests and/or to dealers who provide extra training and information concerning the Retail Classes and increase sales of the Retail Classes.
The Plans do not limit fees to amounts actually expended by the Distributor. It is therefore possible that the Distributor may realize a profit in any particular year. However, the Distributor currently expects that its distribution expenses will likely equal or exceed payments to it under the Plans. The Distributor may, however, incur additional expenses and make additional payments to dealers from its own resources to promote the distribution of shares of the Retail Classes. The monthly fees paid to the Distributor under the Plans are subject to the review and approval of the Trust’s Independent Trustees, who may reduce the fees or terminate the Plans at any time.
All of the distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor and others, such as financial intermediaries, in excess of the amount paid on behalf of the Retail Classes would be borne by such persons without any reimbursement from such Retail Classes. Consistent with the requirements of Rule 12b-1(h) under the 1940 Act and subject to seeking best execution, a Fund may, from time to time, buy or sell portfolio securities from, or to, firms that receive payments under the Plans.
From time to time, the Distributor may pay additional amounts from its own resources to dealers for aid in distribution or for aid in providing administrative services to shareholders.
The Plans and the Distribution Agreement, as amended, have all been approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans and the Distribution Agreement, by a vote cast in person at a meeting duly called for the purpose of voting on the Plans and such Distribution Agreement. Continuation of the Plans and the Distribution Agreement, as amended, must be approved annually by the Board in the same manner as specified above.
Each year, the Board must determine that continuation of the Plans is in the best interest of shareholders of the Retail Classes and that there is a reasonable likelihood of each Plan providing a benefit to its respective Retail Class. The Plans and the Distribution Agreement, as amended, may be terminated with respect to a Retail Class at any time without penalty by a majority of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans and the Distribution Agreement, or by a majority vote of the relevant Retail Class’s outstanding voting securities. Any amendment materially increasing the percentage payable under the Plans must likewise be approved by a majority vote of the relevant Retail Class’s outstanding voting securities, as well as by a majority vote of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans or Distribution Agreement. With respect to a Fund’s Class A Plan, any material increase in the maximum percentage payable thereunder must also be approved by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund’s Class C shares. Also, any other material amendment to the Plans must be approved by a majority vote of the Board, including a majority of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans or Distribution Agreement. In addition, in order for the Plans to remain effective, the selection and nomination of Independent Trustees must be effected by the Trustees who are Independent Trustees and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans or Distribution Agreement. Persons authorized to make payments under the Plans must provide written reports at least quarterly to the Board for its review.
Nomura Healthcare Fund
Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, Delaware Group® Equity Funds IV has adopted a plan for each of the Retail Classes (the “Plans”). Each Plan permits the Fund to pay for certain distribution, promotional, and related expenses involved in the marketing of only the class of shares to which the Plan applies. The Plans do not apply to the Institutional Class shares. Such shares are not included in calculating the Plans’ fees, and the Plans are not used to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund’s Institutional Class shares. Shareholders of the Institutional Class shares may not vote on matters affecting the Plans.
The Plans permit the Fund, pursuant to its Distribution Agreement, to pay out of the assets of the Retail Classes monthly fees to the Distributor for its services and expenses in distributing and promoting sales of shares of such classes. These expenses include, among other things: preparing and distributing advertisements, sales literature, and prospectuses and reports used for sales purposes; compensating sales and marketing personnel; holding special promotions for specified periods of time; and paying distribution and maintenance fees to financial intermediaries and others. In connection with the promotion of shares of the Retail Classes, the Distributor may, from time to time, pay to participate in dealer-sponsored seminars and conferences, and reimburse dealers for expenses incurred in connection with preapproved seminars, conferences, and advertising. The Distributor may pay or allow additional promotional incentives to dealers as part of preapproved sales contests and/or to dealers who provide extra training and information concerning the Retail Classes and increase sales of the Retail Classes.
104
The Plans do not limit fees to amounts actually expended by the Distributor. It is therefore possible that the Distributor may realize a profit in any particular year. However, the Distributor currently expects that its distribution expenses will likely equal or exceed payments to it under the Plans. The Distributor may, however, incur additional expenses and make additional payments to dealers from its own resources to promote the distribution of shares of the Retail Classes. The monthly fees paid to the Distributor under the Plans are subject to the review and approval of the Trust’s Independent Trustees, who may reduce the fees or terminate the Plans at any time.
All of the distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor and others, such as financial intermediaries, in excess of the amount paid on behalf of the Retail Classes would be borne by such persons without any reimbursement from such Retail Classes. Consistent with the requirements of Rule 12b-1(h) under the 1940 Act and subject to seeking best execution, the Fund may, from time to time, buy or sell portfolio securities from, or to, firms that receive payments under the Plans.
From time to time, the Distributor may pay additional amounts from its own resources to dealers for aid in distribution or for aid in providing administrative services to shareholders.
The Plans and the Distribution Agreement, as amended, have all been approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans and the Distribution Agreement, by a vote cast in person at a meeting duly called for the purpose of voting on the Plans and such Distribution Agreement. Continuation of the Plans and the Distribution Agreement, as amended, must be approved annually by the Board in the same manner as specified above.
Each year, the Board must determine that continuation of the Plans is in the best interest of shareholders of the Retail Classes and that there is a reasonable likelihood of each Plan providing a benefit to its respective Retail Class. The Plans and the Distribution Agreement, as amended, may be terminated with respect to a Retail Class at any time without penalty by a majority of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans and the Distribution Agreement, or by a majority vote of the relevant Retail Class’s outstanding voting securities. Any amendment materially increasing the percentage payable under the Plans must likewise be approved by a majority vote of the relevant Retail Class’s outstanding voting securities, as well as by a majority vote of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans or Distribution Agreement. With respect to the Fund’s Class A Plan, any material increase in the maximum percentage payable thereunder must also be approved by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund’s Class C shares. Also, any other material amendment to the Plans must be approved by a majority vote of the Board, including a majority of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans or Distribution Agreement. In addition, in order for the Plans to remain effective, the selection and nomination of Independent Trustees must be effected by the Trustees who are Independent Trustees and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plans or Distribution Agreement. Persons authorized to make payments under the Plans must provide written reports at least quarterly to the Board for its review.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Asset Strategy Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $3,223,798, $376,299, $106,681, and $192,535, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$30,161 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$1,977,172 |
$321,032 |
$101,187 |
$176,060 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$246,934 |
– |
$5,108 |
$11,739 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$1,182 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$999,692 |
$23,924 |
$386 |
$4,736 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$3,223,798 |
$376,299 |
$106,681 |
$192,535 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Balanced Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $3,388,264, $406,409, $46,969, and $21,791, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$30,743 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$2,869,444 |
$336,550 |
$43,897 |
$18,512 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$518,820 |
– |
$2,987 |
$3,279 |
105
Purchasing Shares
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$1,865 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$37,251 |
$85 |
– |
|
Total
Expenses |
$3,388,264 |
$406,409 |
$46,969 |
$21,791 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Core Equity Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $6,961,943, $218,520, $896, and $74,273, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$23,056 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$6,472,171 |
$149,767 |
$884 |
$63,444 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$489,772 |
$19,502 |
$12 |
$4,784 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$808 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$25,387 |
– |
$6,045 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$6,961,943 |
$218,520 |
$896 |
$74,273 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Global Growth Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $1,628,640, $37,280, $5,195, and $6,656, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$2,912 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$1,496,377 |
$30,329 |
$5,191 |
$3,578 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$132,263 |
$226 |
$4 |
$3,010 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$123 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$3,690 |
– |
$68 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$1,628,640 |
$37,280 |
$5,195 |
$6,656 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura International Core Equity Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $1,148,515, $146,019, $190,939, and $114,924, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$8,580 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$584,663 |
$124,284 |
$186,588 |
$39,924 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$230,682 |
$498 |
$4,344 |
$71,626 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$345 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
106
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$333,170 |
$12,312 |
$7 |
$3,374 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$1,148,515 |
$146,019 |
$190,939 |
$114,924 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Large Cap Growth Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $7,702,645, $696,044, $156,949, and $94,320, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$57,004 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$6,975,251 |
$524,789 |
$156,602 |
$72,785 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$727,394 |
$47,666 |
$279 |
$5,634 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$1,952 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$64,633 |
$68 |
$15,901 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$7,702,645 |
$696,044 |
$156,949 |
$94,320 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Mid Cap Growth Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $3,959,807, $664,069, $218,253, and $347,678, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$29,205 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$3,638,673 |
$547,476 |
$202,393 |
$286,130 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$321,134 |
$23,192 |
$14,599 |
$55,416 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$882 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$63,314 |
$1,261 |
$6,132 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$3,959,807 |
$664,069 |
$218,253 |
$347,678 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $361,769, $147,157, $55,385, and $32,366, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$3,616 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$158,276 |
$126,644 |
$54,782 |
$12,548 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$63,598 |
$3,245 |
$603 |
$18,438 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$113 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
107
Purchasing Shares
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$139,895 |
$13,539 |
– |
$1,380 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$361,769 |
$147,157 |
$55,385 |
$32,366 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Smid Cap Core Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $268,547, $94,558, $115,703, and $13,855, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$5,326 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$227,289 |
$80,570 |
$112,235 |
$13,353 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$41,258 |
– |
$3,408 |
– |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$194 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$8,468 |
$60 |
$502 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$268,547 |
$94,558 |
$115,703 |
$13,855 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Small Cap Growth Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $1,371,248, $172,613, $207,583, and $71,137, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$14,232 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$1,106,508 |
$132,940 |
$202,036 |
$58,821 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$157,823 |
$9,345 |
$5,482 |
$9,850 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$506 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$106,917 |
$15,590 |
$65 |
$2,466 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$1,371,248 |
$172,613 |
$207,583 |
$71,137 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $361,222, $147,276, $48,062, and $75,921, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$10,339 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$159,468 |
$123,570 |
$24,659 |
$75,593 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$37,022 |
– |
$14,789 |
– |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$381 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$164,732 |
$12,986 |
$8,614 |
$328 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$361,222 |
$147,276 |
$48,062 |
$75,921 |
108
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Climate Solutions Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $106,474, $36,407, $75,183, and $6,299, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Climate Solutions Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$501 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$12,333 |
$33,491 |
$60,720 |
$6,292 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$10,660 |
– |
$14,460 |
– |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$83,481 |
$2,415 |
$3 |
$7 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$106,474 |
$36,407 |
$75,183 |
$6,299 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Healthcare Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares and Class R shares were: $431,028, $363,162, and $12,273, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$15,506 |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
– |
$292,922 |
$11,726 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$308,312 |
– |
$66 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$528 |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$122,716 |
$54,206 |
$481 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$431,028 |
$363,162 |
$12,273 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Natural Resources Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $302,774, $23,170, $37,131, and $25,457, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$1,800 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$161,503 |
$19,644 |
$28,290 |
$8,186 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$63,946 |
– |
$8,775 |
$3,438 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$60 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$77,325 |
$1,666 |
$66 |
$13,833 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$302,774 |
$23,170 |
$37,131 |
$25,457 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Real Estate Securities Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $142,651, $4,728, $68, and $5,965, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
109
Purchasing Shares
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$518 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$121,794 |
$3,366 |
– |
$2,639 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$20,857 |
– |
$68 |
$3,324 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$28 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$816 |
– |
$2 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$142,651 |
$4,728 |
$68 |
$5,965 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Science and Technology Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $10,136,896, $870,128, $559,081, and $809,272, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$44,529 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$8,377,962 |
$583,741 |
$543,772 |
$740,202 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$926,364 |
$162,089 |
$13,228 |
$63,480 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$1,648 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$832,570 |
$78,121 |
$2,081 |
$5,590 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$10,136,896 |
$870,128 |
$559,081 |
$809,272 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura Global Bond Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $213,452, $13,352, $4,629, and $5,478, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$1,044 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
– |
$10,733 |
$4,629 |
$5,030 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$36,910 |
– |
– |
$66 |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$38 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
$176,542 |
$1,537 |
– |
$382 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$213,452 |
$13,352 |
$4,629 |
$5,478 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, the Rule 12b-1 payments for the Nomura High Income Fund’s Class A shares, Class C shares, Class R shares and Class Y shares were: $2,804,539, $783,001, $150,807, and $98,837, respectively. Such amounts were used for the following purposes:
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Advertising |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Annual/Semiannual
Reports |
– |
– |
– |
– |
110
|
Nomura
High Income Fund |
Class
A shares |
Class
C shares |
Class
R shares |
Class
Y shares |
|
Broker
Sales Charge |
– |
$28,671 |
– |
– |
|
Broker
Trails* |
$2,571,074 |
$675,826 |
$145,627 |
$94,972 |
|
Salaries
& Commissions to Wholesalers |
$233,465 |
$3,947 |
$5,129 |
– |
|
Interest
on Broker Sales Charge |
– |
$847 |
– |
– |
|
Promotion
– Other |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Prospectus
Printing |
– |
– |
– |
– |
|
Wholesaler
Expenses |
– |
$73,710 |
$51 |
$3,865 |
|
Total
Expenses |
$2,804,539 |
$783,001 |
$150,807 |
$98,837 |
| * | The broker trail amounts listed in this row are principally based on payments made to financial intermediaries monthly. However, certain financial intermediaries receive trail payments quarterly. The quarterly payments are based on estimates, and the estimates may be reflected in the amounts in this row. |
Special Purchase Features — Class A shares
Buying Class A Shares at Net Asset Value: As disclosed in the Prospectus, participants of certain group retirement plans and members of their households may make purchases of Class A shares at NAV. The purchases must be made by existing shareholders of a Nomura Funds Individual Retirement Account (“Foundation IRA®”) established by a participant from a group retirement plan or a member of their household distributed by certain intermediaries. The Nomura Funds reserve the right to modify or terminate these arrangements at any time.
Additional Class A shares of a Fund may be purchased at NAV by existing shareholders or certain participants who were in a certain legacy group plan as of June 30, 2014 and who were transferred to a certain legacy group plan as of July 1, 2014, where participants of such legacy group plan were eligible for purchasing shares at NAV under a predecessor fund’s eligibility requirements set by the predecessor fund’s company.
Letter of Intent: The reduced front-end sales charges described above with respect to Class A shares are also applicable to the aggregate amount of purchases made by any such purchaser within a 13-month period pursuant to a written letter of intent signed by the purchaser, and not legally binding on the signer or the Trust, which provides for the holding in escrow by the Transfer Agent or financial intermediary of 5.00% of the total amount of Class A shares intended to be purchased until such purchase is completed within the 13-month period. The minimum initial purchase amount to establish a letter of intent is $1,000. The Funds do not accept retroactive letters of intent. The 13-month period begins on the date of the earliest purchase. If the intended investment is not completed, the Transfer Agent or financial intermediary may surrender an appropriate number of the escrowed shares for redemption in order to realize the difference between the front-end sales charge on Class A shares purchased at the reduced rate and the front-end sales charges otherwise applicable. Such purchasers may include the values (at offering price at the level designated in their letter of intent) of all their shares of the Funds and of any class of any of the other Nomura Funds previously purchased or acquired as the result of a merger or reorganization of a predecessor fund (as applicable) and still held as of the date of their letter of intent toward the completion of such letter, except as described below. Those purchasers cannot include shares that did not carry a front-end sales charge, CDSC, or Limited CDSC, unless the purchaser acquired those shares through an exchange from a Nomura Fund that did carry a front-end sales charge, CDSC, or Limited CDSC or as the result of a merger or reorganization of a predecessor fund (as applicable) that did carry a front-end sales charge, CDSC, or Limited CDSC. For purposes of satisfying an investor’s obligation under a letter of intent, Class C shares of the Funds and the corresponding classes of shares of other Nomura Funds that offer such shares may be aggregated with Class A shares of the Funds. Your financial intermediary may have different procedures for administering this feature.
Combined Purchases Privilege: When you determine the availability of the reduced front-end sales charges on Class A shares, you can combine your holdings or purchases of Class A and all other classes of Nomura Funds. Your financial intermediary may have different procedures for administering this feature.
The privilege also extends to all purchases made at one time by any of the following:
| | an individual |
| | an individual and his or her spouse, or equivalent, if recognized under local law, such as civil union, common law marriage, or domestic partnership |
| | a parent, stepparent, or legal guardian, and their children or stepchildren who are under the age of 21 |
| | a trustee or other fiduciary of trust estates or fiduciary accounts for the benefit of such family members (including certain employee benefit programs). |
To ensure that you receive available reduced front-end sales charges, you must advise your broker-dealer or your financial intermediary of all eligible accounts and shares that can be aggregated with your own accounts for right of accumulation purposes as well as your desire to enter into a letter of intent (if applicable). If you or your broker dealer or financial intermediary do not let the Funds know that you are eligible for a waiver or reduction, you may not receive a reduction to the front-end sales charges to which you may be eligible. The Funds or your broker-dealer or financial intermediary may also ask you to provide account records, statements or other information related to all eligible accounts.
111
Purchasing Shares
Right of Accumulation: In determining the availability of the reduced front-end sales charge on Class A shares, you can combine your holdings or purchases of Class A and all other classes of Nomura Funds. If, for example, any such purchaser has previously purchased and still holds Class A shares of a Fund and/or shares of any other of the classes described in the previous sentence with a value of $40,000 ($90,000 for Nomura Global Bond Fund and Nomura High Income Fund) and subsequently purchases $10,000 at offering price of additional Class A shares of the Fund, the charge applicable to the $10,000 purchase would currently be 4.75% (3.50% for Nomura Global Bond Fund and Nomura High Income Fund). For the purpose of this calculation, the shares presently held shall be valued at the public offering price that would have been in effect had the shares been purchased simultaneously with the current purchase. Investors should refer to the table of sales charges for Class A shares in the Prospectus to determine the applicability of the right of accumulation to their particular circumstances. Your financial intermediary may have different procedures for administering this feature.
Right of Reinvestment Privilege: Holders of Class A shares of a Fund (and of the Institutional Class shares of the Funds holding shares that were acquired through an exchange from one of the other Nomura Funds offered with a front-end sales charge) who redeem such shares have up to 90 days from the date of redemption to reinvest all or part of their redemption proceeds in the same Class of the Funds or in the same Class of any of the other Nomura Funds. In the case of Class A shares, the reinvestment will not be assessed a front-end sales charge. The reinvestment will be subject to applicable eligibility and minimum purchase requirements and must be in states where shares of such other funds may be sold. This reinvestment privilege does not extend to Class A shares where the redemption of the shares triggered the payment of a Limited CDSC. Automatic transactions (including, for example, automatic purchases, withdrawals and payroll deductions) and ongoing retirement plan contributions are not eligible for investment without a sales charge. Persons investing redemption proceeds from direct investments in Nomura Funds offered without a front-end sales charge will be required to pay the applicable sales charge when purchasing Class A shares. The reinvestment privilege does not extend to a redemption of Class C shares. You or your financial intermediary must notify us at the time you purchase shares if you are eligible for any of these programs.
Any such reinvestment cannot exceed the redemption proceeds (plus any amount necessary to purchase a full share). The reinvestment will be made at the NAV next determined after receipt of remittance.
Any reinvestment directed to a Nomura Fund in which the investor does not then have an account will be treated like all other initial purchases of such Fund’s shares. Consequently, an investor should obtain and read carefully the prospectus for the Nomura Fund in which the investment is intended to be made before investing or sending money. The prospectus contains more complete information about the Nomura Fund, including charges and expenses.
Investors should consult their financial intermediaries or the Transfer Agent, which also serves as the Funds’ shareholder servicing agent, about the applicability of the Class A Limited CDSC in connection with the features described above.
Group Investment Plans: Group Investment Plans (e.g., SEP/IRA, SAR/SEP, Profit Sharing, Pension, and 401(k) Defined Contribution Plans) that are not eligible to purchase Institutional Class shares may also benefit from the reduced front-end sales charges for investments in Class A shares set forth in the table in the Prospectus, based on total plan assets. If a company has more than one plan investing in Nomura Funds, then the total amount invested in all plans would be used in determining the applicable front-end sales charge reduction upon each purchase, both initial and subsequent, upon notification to the Funds at the time of each such purchase. Employees participating in such Group Investment Plans may also combine the investments made in their plan account when determining the applicable front-end sales charge on purchases to nonretirement Nomura Funds investment accounts if they so notify the Fund or financial intermediary in which they are investing in connection with each purchase. See “Investment Plans—Retirement Plans for the Retail Classes” below for information about retirement plans. This feature is dependent on your financial intermediary’s right of accumulation policies.
The Limited CDSC may be generally applicable to any redemptions of NAV purchases made on behalf of a group investment plan on which a dealer’s commission has been paid only if such redemption is made pursuant to a withdrawal of the entire plan from a Nomura Fund. See “Redemption and Exchange—Contingent Deferred Sales Charge for Certain Redemptions of Class A Shares Purchased at Net Asset Value” below.
Investment Plans
Reinvestment Plan
Unless otherwise designated by shareholders in writing, dividends and distributions, if any, will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the respective Fund Class in which an investor has an account (based on the NAV in effect on the reinvestment date) and will be credited to the shareholder’s account on that date.
Reinvestment of Dividends in other Nomura Funds
Subject to applicable eligibility and minimum initial purchase requirements and the limitations set forth below, shareholders may be able to automatically reinvest dividends and/or distributions in any of the other Nomura Funds, including the Funds, in states where their shares may be sold. However, if you received shares as the result of a transaction involving a predecessor fund, you may not be able to reinvest your dividends at the current time. Such investments will be at NAV at the close of business on the reinvestment date without any front-end sales charge or service fee. The shareholder must notify the Transfer Agent in writing and must have established an account in the fund into which the dividends and/or
112
distributions are to be invested. Any reinvestment directed to a fund in which the investor does not then have an account will be treated like all other initial purchases of the fund’s shares. Consequently, an investor should obtain and read carefully the prospectus for the fund in which the investment is intended to be made before investing or sending money. The prospectus contains more complete information about the fund, including charges and expenses.
Subject to the following limitations, dividends and/or distributions from other Nomura Funds may be invested in shares of the Funds, provided an account has been established. Dividends from Class A shares may only be directed to other Class A shares, dividends from Class C shares may only be directed to other Class C shares, dividends from Institutional Class shares may only be directed to other Institutional Class shares, dividends from Class R shares may only be directed to other Class R shares, dividends from Class Y shares may only be directed to other Class Y shares, and dividends from Class R6 shares may only be directed to other Class R6 shares.
Compensation to Financial Intermediaries — Dividend and Capital Gains
Dividends and capital gains on Class C shares may be reinvested at NAV, however the Distributor will not compensate the financial intermediaries on the shares resulting from the dividends or capital gains at the time of reinvestment. Shares resulting from dividends and capital gains must age 12 months following the reinvestment date, and Rule 12b-1 Plan fees will be paid to the financial intermediary in the 13th month following the reinvestment date.
Investing by Exchange
If you have an investment in another Nomura Fund, you may be able to exchange part or all of your investment into shares of the Funds. If you received shares as the result of a transaction involving a predecessor fund, you may not be able to exchange shares of the predecessor fund into other Nomura Funds at the current time. If you wish to open an account by exchange, call the Nomura Funds at 800 523-1918 for more information. All exchanges are subject to the eligibility and minimum purchase requirements and any additional limitations set forth in the Prospectus. See “Redemption and Exchange” below for more complete information concerning your exchange privileges.
Investing by Electronic Fund Transfer
Direct Deposit Purchase Plan: Investors may arrange for the Funds to accept direct deposits for investment through an agent bank, preauthorized government, or private recurring payments. This method of investment assures the timely credit to the shareholder’s account of payments such as social security, veterans’ pension or compensation benefits, federal salaries, railroad retirement benefits, private payroll checks, dividends, and disability or pension fund benefits. It also eliminates the possibility and inconvenience of lost, stolen, and delayed checks. If you participate in a direct deposit purchase plan for an account held directly with the Funds’ transfer agent and also hold shares of Nomura Funds other than directly with us, generally those holdings will not be aggregated with the assets held with us for purposes of determining rights of accumulation in connection with direct deposit purchases.
Automatic Investing Plan: Shareholders may make automatic investments by authorizing, in advance, monthly or quarterly payments directly from their checking accounts for deposit into their Fund accounts. This type of investment will be handled in either of the following ways: (i) if the shareholder’s bank is a member of the National Automated Clearing House Association (“NACHA”), the amount of the periodic investment will be electronically deducted from his or her checking account by Electronic Fund Transfer (“EFT”) and such checking account will reflect a debit although no check is required to initiate the transaction; or (ii) if the shareholder’s bank is not a member of NACHA, deductions will be made by preauthorized checks, known as Depository Transfer Checks. Should the shareholder’s bank become a member of NACHA in the future, his or her investments would be handled electronically through EFT. If you participate in an automatic investment program for an account held directly with the Funds’ transfer agent and also hold shares of Nomura Funds other than directly with us, generally those holdings will not be aggregated with the assets held with us for purposes of determining rights of accumulation in connection with automatic investment program purchases.
Minimum Initial/Subsequent Investments by Electronic Fund Transfer: Initial investments under the direct deposit purchase plan and the automatic investing plan must be for $250 or more and subsequent investments under such plans must be for $25 or more. An investor wishing to take advantage of either service must complete an authorization form. Either service can be discontinued by the shareholder at any time without penalty by giving written notice.
Direct Deposit Purchase by Mail
Shareholders may authorize a third party, such as a bank or employer, to make investments directly to their Fund accounts. The Funds will accept these investments, such as bank-by-phone, annuity payments, and payroll allotments, by mail directly from the third party. Investors should contact their employers or financial institutions who in turn should contact the Trust for proper instructions.
On Demand Service
You or your financial intermediary may request purchases of Fund shares by phone using the on demand service. When you authorize the Funds to accept such requests from you or your financial intermediary, funds will be withdrawn (for share purchases) from your predesignated bank account. Your request will be processed the same day if you call prior to 4:00pm Eastern time. There is a $25 minimum and $100,000 maximum limit for on demand service transactions.
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Investment Plans
It may take up to four Business Days for the transactions to be completed. A “Business Day” is any day that the NYSE is open for business. You can initiate this service by completing an Account Services form. If your name and address are not identical to the name and address on your Fund account, you must have your Medallion Signature Guarantee. The Funds do not charge a fee for this service; however, your bank may charge a fee.
Systematic Exchange Option
Shareholders can use the systematic exchange option to invest in the Funds through regular liquidations of shares in their accounts in other Nomura Funds, subject to certain limitations. Shareholders may elect to invest in one or more of the other Nomura Funds through the systematic exchange option. If, in connection with the election of the systematic exchange option, you wish to open a new account to receive the automatic investment, such new account must meet the minimum initial purchase requirements described in the prospectus of the fund that you select. All investments under this option are exchanges and are therefore subject to the same conditions and limitations as other exchanges noted above.
Under this automatic exchange program, shareholders can authorize regular monthly investments (minimum of $100 per fund, unless you received shares as the result of a transaction involving a predecessor fund, in which case there will be no minimum) to be liquidated from their account and invested automatically into other Nomura Funds, subject to the conditions and limitations set forth in the Prospectus. The investment will be made on the 20th day of each month (or, if the fund selected is not open that day, the next Business Day) at the public offering price or NAV, as applicable, of the fund selected on the date of investment. No investment will be made for any month if the value of the shareholder’s account is less than the amount specified for investment.
Periodic investment through the systematic exchange option does not ensure profits or protect against losses in a declining market. The price of the fund into which investments are made could fluctuate. Since this program involves continuous investment regardless of such fluctuating value, investors selecting this option should consider their financial ability to continue to participate in the program through periods of low fund share prices. This program involves automatic exchanges between two or more fund accounts and is treated as a purchase of shares of the fund into which investments are made through the program. Shareholders can terminate their participation in the systematic exchange option at any time by giving written notice to the fund from which exchanges are made.
Retirement Plans for the Retail Classes
An investment in the Funds may be suitable for tax-deferred retirement plans, such as: traditional IRA, SIMPLE IRA, SEP, SARSEP, 401(k), SIMPLE 401(k), Profit Sharing, Money Purchase, 403(b)(7), or 457 Retirement Plans. In addition, the Funds may be suitable for use in Roth IRAs and Coverdell ESAs. For further details concerning these plans and accounts, including applications, contact your financial intermediary. To determine whether the benefits of a tax-sheltered retirement plan, Roth IRA, or Coverdell ESA are available and/or appropriate, you should consult with a tax advisor.
The CDSC may be waived on certain redemptions of Class C shares. See the Prospectus for a list of the instances in which the CDSC is waived.
Minimum investment limitations generally applicable to other investors do not apply to retirement plans other than IRAs, for which there is a minimum initial purchase of $250 and a minimum subsequent purchase of $25, regardless of which Class is selected. Retirement plans may be subject to plan establishment fees, annual maintenance fees and/or other administrative or trustee fees. Additional information about fees is included in retirement plan materials. Fees are quoted upon request. Annual maintenance fees may be shared by the Custodian, the Transfer Agent, other affiliates of the Manager, and others that provide services to such Plans.
Certain shareholder investment services available to nonretirement plan shareholders may not be available to retirement plan shareholders. Certain retirement plans may qualify to purchase Institutional Class shares or Class R6 shares. For additional information, call the Nomura Funds at 800 523-1918.
Determining Offering Price and Net Asset Value
Orders for purchases and redemptions of Class A shares are effected at the offering price next calculated after receipt of the order by a Fund, its agent, or certain other authorized persons. Orders for purchases and redemptions of all of a Fund’s other share classes are effected at the NAV per share next calculated after receipt of the order by the Fund, its agent, or certain other authorized persons. See “Investment Manager and Other Service Providers — Distributor” above. Financial intermediaries are responsible for transmitting orders promptly.
The offering price for Class A shares consists of the NAV per share plus any applicable sales charges. Offering price and NAV are computed as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE, which is normally 4:00pm, Eastern time, on days when the NYSE is open for business. The NYSE is scheduled to be open Monday through Friday throughout the year except for days when the following holidays are observed: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President’s Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. The time by which purchase and redemption orders must be effected in order to receive a Business Day’s NAV and the time at which such orders are processed and shares are priced may change in case of an emergency declared by the SEC or, if regular trading on the NYSE is stopped, at a time other than the regularly scheduled close of the NYSE. When the NYSE is closed, a Fund will generally be closed, pricing calculations will not be made, and purchase and redemption orders will not be processed until the Fund’s next Business Day. See Calculating share price and How to redeem shares in the Prospectus.
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Generally, trading in securities of many foreign (non-US) securities exchanges and on over-the-counter markets in these regions is completed at various times prior to the close of business on each Business Day. In addition, trading in foreign markets may not take place on all Business Days, and, furthermore, trading can take place in various foreign markets on days which are not Business Days and days on which a Fund’s NAV is not calculated. In these instances, calculation of a Fund’s NAV may not take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of the securities traded in foreign markets. Foreign securities primarily traded on foreign exchanges or markets that close prior to the NYSE on a Business Day may be valued at fair value by a Pricing Source (as defined in this section below) in accordance with a model that adjusts the prices of such securities based on multiple factors. Foreign securities that do not trade on a Business Day are also valued at fair value. Accordingly, a Fund may use fair value pricing more frequently for securities traded primarily in foreign markets because foreign markets operate at times that do not coincide with those of major US markets. A Fund may determine the fair value of such investments based on information provided by a Pricing Source. If a Pricing Source does not provide a fair value for a particular security or if the value does not meet the established criteria for a Fund, the most recent closing price for such a security on its principal exchange will generally be its fair value on such date. See Fair valuation in the Prospectus for additional information.
The NAV per share for each share class of a Fund is calculated by subtracting the liabilities of each Class from its total assets and dividing the resulting number by the number of shares outstanding for that Class. In determining a Fund’s total net assets and calculating NAV, equity securities, except those traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. (“Nasdaq”), are valued at the last quoted sales price as of the time of the regular close of the NYSE on the valuation date. Securities traded on the Nasdaq are valued in accordance with the Nasdaq Official Closing Price, which may not be the last sales price. If, on a particular day, an equity security does not trade, then the mean between the bid and ask prices on the primary exchange on which they trade will be used. Most debt securities, fixed income securities, and credit default swap (“CDS”) contracts are valued based upon valuations provided by an independent pricing service or broker/ counterparty and reviewed by the Manager. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation, which reflects such factors as security prices, yields, maturities, and ratings, and are supplemented by dealer and exchange quotations. To the extent current market prices are not available, the pricing service may take into account developments related to the specific security, as well as transactions in comparable securities. US government and agency securities are valued at the mean between the bid and ask prices. Valuation of asset-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and US government agency mortgage-backed securities rely upon valuations provided by an independent pricing service, which utilize matrix pricing that considers prepayment speed, attributes of the collateral, yield or price of bonds of comparable quality, coupon, maturity, and type as well as broker/dealer-supplied prices. Swap prices are derived using daily swap curves and models that incorporate a number of market data factors, such as discounted cash flows, trades, and values of the underlying reference instruments. Open-end investment company securities are valued at net asset value per share, as reported by the underlying investment company. Forward foreign currency contracts and foreign cross currency exchange contracts are valued at the mean between the bid and ask prices. Interpolated values are derived when the settlement date of the contract is an interim date for which quotations are not available. Futures contracts and options on futures contracts are valued at the daily quoted settlement or closing prices on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they trade. Exchange-traded options are valued at the last reported sale price or, if no sales are reported, at the mean between the last reported bid and ask prices. Foreign securities and the prices of foreign securities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to US dollars at the mean between the bid and offer quotations of such currencies based on rates in effect as of the close of the NYSE.
Investments for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Rule 2a-5”). As a general principle, the fair value of a security or other asset is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Pursuant to Rule 2a-5, the Board of Trustees has designated the Manager as the valuation designee (“Valuation Designee”) for each Fund to perform the fair value determination relating to all applicable Fund investments. The Manager has established a Pricing Committee to assist with its designated responsibilities as Valuation Designee, and the Manager may carry out its designated responsibilities as Valuation Designee through the Pricing Committee and other teams and committees, which operate under policies and procedures approved by the Board and subject to the Board’s oversight. Fair value pricing may be used more frequently for securities traded primarily in non-US markets. See Fair valuation in the Prospectus for additional information.
Subject to the Board’s oversight, the Valuation Designee may value Fund securities for which market quotations are not readily available and other Fund assets utilizing inputs from pricing services, quotation reporting systems, valuation agents and other third-party sources (together, “Pricing Sources”). Prices provided by a Pricing Source take into account appropriate factors, including, but not limited to, institutional trading in similar groups of securities, yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics, and other market data.
Each Class of a Fund will bear, pro rata, all of the common expenses of that Fund. The NAVs of all outstanding shares of each Class of a Fund will be computed on a pro rata basis for each outstanding share based on the proportionate participation in the Fund represented by the value of shares of that Class. All income earned and expenses incurred by a Fund will be borne on a pro rata basis by each outstanding share of a Class, based on each Class’s percentage in that Fund represented by the value of shares of such Classes, except that Institutional Class and Class R6 shares will not incur any of the expenses under the Trust’s Rule 12b-1 Plans, while the Retail Classes will bear the Rule 12b-1 Plan expenses payable under their respective Plans, and Class R6 shares will not incur any expenses related to service fees, sub-accounting fees, and/or sub-transfer agency fees paid to any broker, dealer, or other financial intermediaries. Due to the specific distribution expenses and other costs that will be allocable to each Class, the NAV of each Class of a Fund will vary.
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Redemption and Exchange
General Information
You can redeem or exchange your shares in a number of different ways that are described below. Your shares will be redeemed or exchanged at a price based on the NAV next determined after a Fund receives your request in good order, subject, in the case of a redemption, to any applicable CDSC or Limited CDSC. For example, redemption or exchange requests received in good order after the time the offering price and NAV of shares are determined will be processed on the next Business Day. See “How to redeem shares” in the Prospectus. A shareholder submitting a redemption request may indicate that he or she wishes to receive redemption proceeds of a specific dollar amount. In the case of such a request, and in the case of certain redemptions from retirement plan accounts, a Fund will redeem the number of shares necessary to deduct the applicable CDSC in the case of Class C shares, and, if applicable, the Limited CDSC in the case of Class A shares and tender to the shareholder the requested amount, assuming the shareholder holds enough shares in his or her account for the redemption to be processed in this manner. Otherwise, the amount tendered to the shareholder upon redemption will be reduced by the amount of the applicable CDSC or Limited CDSC. Redemption proceeds will be distributed promptly, as described below, but not later than seven days after receipt of a redemption request.
Except as noted below, for a redemption request to be in “good order,” you must provide the name of the Nomura Fund, your account number, account registration, and the total number of shares or dollar amount of the transaction. For exchange requests, you must also provide the name of the Nomura Fund in which you want to invest the proceeds. Exchange instructions and redemption requests must be signed by the record owner(s) exactly as the shares are registered. You may request a redemption or an exchange by calling the Nomura Funds at 800 523-1918. The Funds may suspend, terminate, or amend the terms of the exchange privilege upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders.
Orders for the repurchase of Fund shares that are submitted to the Nomura Fund prior to the close of its Business Day will be executed at the NAV per share computed that day (subject to the applicable CDSC or Limited CDSC), if the repurchase order was received by the financial intermediary from the shareholder prior to the time the offering price and NAV are determined on such day. The financial intermediary has the responsibility of transmitting orders to the Nomura Fund promptly. Such repurchase is then settled as an ordinary transaction with the financial intermediary (who may make a charge to the shareholder for this service) delivering the shares repurchased.
Payment for shares redeemed will ordinarily be mailed the next Business Day, but in no case later than seven days, after receipt of a redemption request in good order by either the Funds or certain other authorized persons (see Investment Manager and Other Service Providers—Distributor); provided, however, that each commitment to mail or wire redemption proceeds by a certain time, as described below, is modified by the qualifications described in the next paragraph.
The Funds will process written and telephone redemption requests to the extent that the purchase orders for the shares being redeemed have already settled. The Funds will honor redemption requests as to shares for which a check was tendered as payment, but the Funds will not mail or wire the proceeds until they are reasonably satisfied that the purchase check has cleared, which may take up to 15 calendar days from the purchase date. You can avoid this potential delay if you purchase shares by wiring Federal Funds. Each Fund reserves the right to reject a written or telephone redemption request or delay payment of redemption proceeds if there has been a recent change to the shareholder’s address of record.
If a shareholder has been credited with a purchase by a check that is subsequently returned unpaid for insufficient funds or for any other reason, the Funds will automatically redeem from the shareholder’s account the shares purchased by the check plus any dividends earned thereon. Shareholders may be responsible for any losses to the Funds or to the Distributor.
In case of a suspension of the determination of the NAV because the NYSE is closed for reasons other than weekends or holidays, or trading thereon is restricted or an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Funds of securities owned by them is not reasonably practical, or it is not reasonably practical for the Funds to fairly value their assets, or in the event that the SEC has provided for such suspension for the protection of shareholders, the Funds may postpone payment or suspend the right of redemption or repurchase. In such cases, the shareholder may withdraw the request for redemption or leave it standing as a request for redemption at the NAV next determined after the suspension has been terminated.
Payment for shares redeemed or repurchased may be made either in cash or in kind, or partly in cash and partly in kind. Any portfolio securities paid or distributed in kind would be valued as described in “Determining Offering Price and Net Asset Value” above. Subsequent sale by an investor receiving a distribution in kind could result in the payment of brokerage commissions. However, the Trust has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act pursuant to which each Fund is obligated to redeem shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1.00% of the NAV of such Fund during any 90-day period for any one shareholder.
The value of each Fund’s investments is subject to changing market prices. Thus, a shareholder redeeming shares of the Funds may sustain either a gain or loss, depending upon the price paid and the price received for such shares.
Certain redemptions of Class A shares purchased at NAV may result in the imposition of a Limited CDSC. See “Contingent Deferred Sales Charge for Certain Redemptions of Class A Shares Purchased at Net Asset Value” below. Class C shares are subject to CDSCs as described in the Prospectus and under “Purchasing Shares—Contingent Deferred Sales Charge—Class C shares” above. Except for the applicable CDSC or Limited CDSC and, with respect to the expedited payment by wire described below for which, in the case of the Retail Classes, there may be a bank wiring cost, neither the Funds nor the Distributor charge a fee for redemptions or repurchases, but such fees could be charged at any time in the future.
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Holders of Class C shares that exchange their shares (“Original Shares”) for shares of other Nomura Funds (in each case, “New Shares”) in a permitted exchange will not be subject to a CDSC that might otherwise be due upon redemption of the Original Shares. However, such shareholders will continue to be subject to the CDSC and any CDSC assessed upon redemption of the New Shares will be charged by the Fund from which the Original Shares were exchanged. In the case of Class C shares, shareholders will also continue to be subject to the automatic conversion schedule of the Original Shares as described in this SAI. In an exchange of Class C shares, a Fund’s CDSC schedule may be higher than the CDSC schedule relating to the New Shares acquired as a result of the exchange. For purposes of computing the CDSC that may be payable upon a disposition of the New Shares, the period of time that an investor held the Original Shares is added to the period of time that an investor held the New Shares. With respect to Class C shares, the automatic conversion schedule of the Original Shares may be longer than that of the New Shares. Consequently, an investment in New Shares by exchange may subject an investor to the higher Rule 12b-1 fees applicable to Class C shares for a longer period of time than if the investment in New Shares were made directly.
You may exchange all or part of your investment in one or more Nomura Funds for shares of other Nomura Funds. Please keep in mind, however, that under most circumstances you may exchange between like classes of shares only. Class C shares acquired by exchange will continue to carry the automatic conversion schedule of the fund from which the exchange is made. The holding period of Class C shares acquired by exchange will be added to that of the shares that were exchanged for purposes of determining the time of the automatic conversion to Class A shares of the fund. Holders of Class R shares of a Fund are permitted to exchange all or part of their Class R shares only for Class R shares of other Nomura Funds or, if Class R shares are not available for a particular fund, for the Class A shares of such fund. Holders of Class Y shares of a Fund are permitted to exchange all or part of their Class Y shares only for Class Y shares of other Nomura Funds or, if Class Y shares are not available for a particular fund, for the Class A shares of such fund. You will pay any applicable sales charge on your new shares unless eligible to purchase shares at NAV. To open an account by exchange, call your financial intermediary or the Nomura Funds at 800 523-1918.
Permissible exchanges into Class A shares of the Funds will be made without a front-end sales charge, except for exchanges of shares that were not previously subject to a front-end sales charge (unless such shares were acquired through the reinvestment of dividends). Permissible exchanges into Class C shares will be made without the imposition of a CDSC by the Nomura Fund from which the exchange is being made at the time of the exchange.
Each Fund also reserves the right to refuse the purchase side of an exchange request by any person, or group if, in the Manager’s judgment, the Fund would be unable to invest effectively in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, or would otherwise potentially be adversely affected. A shareholder’s purchase exchanges may be restricted or refused if a Fund receives or anticipates simultaneous orders affecting significant portions of the Fund’s assets.
The Funds discourage purchases by market timers and purchase orders (including the purchase side of exchange orders) by shareholders identified as market timers may be rejected. The Funds will consider anyone who follows a pattern deemed market timing in any Nomura Fund to be a market timer. Your ability to use the Funds’ exchange privilege may be limited if you are identified as a market timer. If you are identified as a market timer, we will execute the redemption side of your exchange order but may refuse the purchase side of your exchange order. See the Prospectus for more information on their market timing policies.
Contact your financial intermediary for specific information regarding the availability and suitability of various account options described throughout this SAI.
Written Redemption
You can write to the Funds (at P.O. Box 534437, Pittsburgh, PA 15253-4437 by regular mail or Attention: 534437, 1350 Penn Avenue Suite 102, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 by overnight courier service) to redeem some or all of your shares. The request must be signed by all owners of the account. For redemptions of more than $100,000, or when the proceeds are not sent to the shareholder(s) at the address of record, the Funds require a signature by all owners of the account and a Medallion Signature Guarantee for each owner. A Medallion Signature Guarantee can be obtained from a commercial bank, a trust company, or a member of a Securities Transfer Association Medallion Program (“STAMP”). Each Fund reserves the right to reject a signature guarantee supplied by an eligible institution based on its creditworthiness. The Funds may require further documentation from corporations, executors, retirement plans, administrators, trustees, or guardians.
Payment is normally mailed the next Business Day after receipt of your redemption request. If your Class A or Institutional Class shares are in certificate form, the certificate(s) must accompany your request and also be in good order. Certificates generally are no longer issued.
Written Exchange
You may also write to the Funds (at P.O. Box 534437, Pittsburgh, PA 15253-4437 by regular mail or Attention: 534437, 1350 Penn Avenue Suite 102, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 by overnight courier service) to request an exchange of any or all of your shares into another Nomura Fund, subject to the same conditions and limitations as other exchanges noted above.
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Redemption and Exchange
Telephonic Redemption and Exchange
To get the added convenience of the telephone redemption and exchange methods, you must have the Transfer Agent hold your shares (without charge) for you. If you hold your Class A or Institutional Class shares in certificate form, you may redeem or exchange only by written request and you must return your certificates.
Telephone Redemption: The “Check to Your Address of Record” service and the “Telephone Exchange” service, both of which are described below, are automatically provided unless you notify the Funds in which you have your account in writing that you do not wish to have such services available with respect to your account. Each Fund reserves the right to modify, terminate, or suspend these procedures upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders. It may be difficult to reach the Funds by telephone during periods when market or economic conditions lead to an unusually large volume of telephone requests.
The Funds and their Transfer Agent are not responsible for any shareholder loss incurred in acting upon written or telephone instructions for redemption or exchange of Fund shares that are reasonably believed to be genuine. With respect to such telephone transactions, a Fund will follow reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine (including verification of personal identification). Also, shareholders should verify their trade confirmations immediately upon receipt. Telephone instructions received by a Fund are generally recorded, and a written confirmation will be provided for all purchase, exchange, and redemption transactions initiated by telephone. By exchanging shares by telephone, you are acknowledging prior receipt of a prospectus for the Nomura Fund into which your shares are being exchanged.
Telephone Redemption — Check to Your Address of Record: The Telephone Redemption feature is a quick and easy method to redeem shares. You or your financial intermediary (where applicable) can have redemption proceeds of $100,000 or less mailed to you at your address of record. Checks will be payable to the shareholder(s) of record. Payment is normally mailed the next Business Day after receipt of the redemption request. This service is only available to individual, joint, and individual fiduciary-type accounts.
Telephone Redemption — Proceeds to Your Bank: Redemption proceeds of $1,000 or more can be transferred to your predesignated bank account by wire or by check. You should authorize this service when you open your account. If you change your predesignated bank account, you must complete an authorization form and have your Medallion Signature Guarantee. For your protection, your authorization must be on file. If you request a wire, your funds will normally be sent the next Business Day. If the proceeds are wired to the shareholder’s account at a bank that is not a member of the Federal Reserve System, there could be a delay in the crediting of the funds to the shareholder’s bank account. A bank wire fee may be deducted from Fund Class redemption proceeds. If you ask for a check, it will normally be mailed the next Business Day after receipt of your redemption request to your predesignated bank account. There are no separate fees for this redemption method, but mailing a check may delay the time it takes to have your redemption proceeds credited to your predesignated bank account. Call the Nomura Funds at 800 523-1918 prior to the time the offering price and NAV are determined, as noted above.
Telephone Exchange: The telephone exchange feature is a convenient and efficient way to adjust your investment holdings as your liquidity requirements and investment objectives change. You or your financial intermediary can exchange your shares into other Nomura Funds under the same registration, subject to the same conditions and limitations as other exchanges noted above. As with the written exchange service, telephone exchanges are subject to the requirements of the Funds, as described above. Telephone exchanges may be subject to limitations as to amount or frequency.
The telephone exchange privilege is intended as a convenience to shareholders and is not intended to be a vehicle to speculate on short-term swings in the securities market through frequent transactions into and out of the Nomura Funds. Telephone exchanges may be subject to limitations as to amount or frequency. The Transfer Agent and each Fund reserve the right to record exchange instructions received by telephone and to reject exchange requests at any time in the future.
On Demand Service
You or your financial intermediary may request redemptions of Fund shares by phone using the on demand service. When you authorize the Funds to accept such requests from you or your financial intermediary, funds will be deposited to your predesignated bank account. Your request will be processed the same day if you call prior to 4:00pm Eastern time. There is a $25 minimum and $100,000 maximum limit for on demand service transactions. For more information, see “Investment Plans—On Demand Service” above.
Systematic Withdrawal Plans
Shareholders who own or purchase $5,000 or more of shares at the offering price, or NAV, as applicable, for which certificates have not been issued may establish a systematic withdrawal plan for monthly withdrawals of $25 or more, or quarterly withdrawals of $75 or more, although the Funds do not recommend any specific amount of withdrawal. This is particularly useful to shareholders living on fixed incomes, since it can provide them with a stable supplemental amount. This $5,000 minimum does not apply to investments made through qualified retirement plans. Shares purchased with the initial investment and through reinvestment of cash dividends and realized securities profits distributions will be credited to the shareholder’s account and sufficient full and fractional shares will be redeemed at the NAV calculated on the third Business Day preceding the mailing date.
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Checks are dated either the 1st or the 15th of the month, as selected by the shareholder (unless such date falls on a holiday or a weekend), and are normally mailed within two Business Days. Both ordinary income dividends and realized securities profits distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Class at NAV. This plan is not recommended for all investors and should be started only after careful consideration of its operation and effect upon the investor’s savings and investment program. To the extent that withdrawal payments from the plan exceed any dividends and/or realized securities profits distributions paid on shares held under the plan, the withdrawal payments will represent a return of capital, and the share balance may in time be depleted, particularly in a declining market. Shareholders should not purchase additional shares while participating in a systematic withdrawal plan.
The sale of shares for withdrawal payments constitutes a taxable event and a shareholder may incur a capital gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. This gain or loss may be long term or short term depending on the holding period for the specific shares liquidated. Premature withdrawals from retirement plans may have adverse tax consequences.
Withdrawals under this plan made concurrently with the purchases of additional shares may be disadvantageous to the shareholder. Purchases of Class A shares through a periodic investment program in the Funds must be terminated before a systematic withdrawal plan with respect to such shares can take effect, except if the shareholder is a participant in a retirement plan offering Nomura Funds or is investing in Nomura Funds that do not carry a sales charge. Redemptions of Class A shares pursuant to a systematic withdrawal plan may be subject to a Limited CDSC if the purchase was made at NAV and a dealer’s commission has been paid on that purchase. The applicable Limited CDSC for Class A shares and CDSC for Class C shares redeemed via a systematic withdrawal plan will be waived if the annual amount withdrawn in each year is less than 12% of the account balance on the date that the plan was established. If the annual amount withdrawn in any year exceeds 12% of the account balance on the date that the systematic withdrawal plan was established, all redemptions under the plan will be subject to the applicable CDSC, including an assessment for previously redeemed amounts under the plan. Whether a waiver of the CDSC is available or not, the first shares to be redeemed for each systematic withdrawal plan payment will be those not subject to a CDSC because they have either satisfied the required holding period or were acquired through the reinvestment of distributions. See the Prospectus for more information about the waiver of CDSCs.
An investor wishing to start a systematic withdrawal plan must complete an authorization form. If the recipient of systematic withdrawal plan payments is other than the registered shareholder, the authorization form must contain a Medallion Signature Guarantee. Each signature guarantee must be supplied by an eligible guarantor institution. The Funds reserve the right to reject a signature guarantee supplied by an eligible institution based on its creditworthiness. This plan may be terminated by the shareholder or the Transfer Agent at any time by giving written notice.
Systematic withdrawal plan payments are normally made by check. In the alternative, you may elect to have your payments transferred from your Fund account to your predesignated bank account through the on demand service. Your funds will normally be credited to your bank account up to four Business Days after the payment date. There are no separate fees for this redemption method. It may take up to four Business Days for the transactions to be completed. You can initiate this service by completing an Account Services form. If your name and address are not identical to the name and address on your Fund account, you must have your Medallion Signature Guarantee. The Funds do not charge a fee for this service; however, your bank may charge a fee.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge for Certain Redemptions of Class A Shares Purchased at Net Asset Value
For purchases that meet or exceed certain amounts as stated in the Prospectus, a Limited CDSC as stated in the Prospectus will be imposed on certain redemptions of Class A shares (or shares into which such Class A shares are exchanged) if such shares are redeemed during the time period stated in the Prospectus, if such purchases were made at NAV and triggered the payment by the Distributor of the dealer’s commission described above in “Dealer’s Commission” under “Purchasing Shares.”
The Limited CDSC will be paid to the Distributor and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of: (i) the NAV at the time of purchase of the Class A shares being redeemed; or (ii) the NAV of such Class A shares at the time of redemption. For purposes of this formula, the “NAV at the time of purchase” will be the NAV at purchase of the Class A shares even if those shares are later exchanged for shares of another Nomura Fund and, in the event of an exchange of Class A shares, the “NAV of such shares at the time of redemption” will be the NAV of the shares acquired in the exchange.
Redemptions of such Class A shares held for more than the holding period, as set forth in the Prospectus, will not be subject to the Limited CDSC and an exchange of such Class A shares into another Nomura Fund will not trigger the imposition of the Limited CDSC at the time of such exchange. The period a shareholder owns shares into which Class A shares are exchanged will count toward satisfying the holding period. The Limited CDSC is assessed if such holding period is not satisfied irrespective of whether the redemption triggering its payment is of Class A shares of a Fund or Class A shares acquired in the exchange.
In determining whether a Limited CDSC is payable, it will be assumed that shares not subject to the Limited CDSC are the first redeemed followed by other shares held for the longest period of time. The Limited CDSC will not be imposed upon shares representing reinvested dividends or capital gains distributions, or upon amounts representing share appreciation.
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Redemption and Exchange
Waivers of Contingent Deferred Sales Charges
The Limited CDSC applicable to Class A shares and the CDSC applicable to Class C shares are waived in certain instances, for example, such as a qualified distribution or due to death of the account holder/joint account holder. Please see the Prospectus for more information about instances in which the Limited CDSC applicable to Class A shares and the CDSC applicable to Class C shares may be waived.
As disclosed in the Prospectus, certain retirement plans that contain certain legacy assets may redeem shares without paying a CDSC. The following plans may redeem shares without paying a CDSC:
| | The redemption must be made by a group defined contribution retirement plan that purchased Class A shares through a retirement plan alliance program that required shares to be available at NAV and Retired Financial Services, Inc. (“RFS”) served as the sponsor of the alliance program or had a product participation agreement with the sponsor of the alliance program that specified that the limited CDSC would be waived. |
| | The redemption must be made by any group retirement plan (excluding defined benefit pension plans) that purchased Class C shares prior to a recordkeeping transition period from August 2004 to October 2004 and purchased shares through a retirement plan alliance program, provided that (i) RFS was the sponsor of the alliance program or had a product participation agreement with the sponsor of the alliance program and (ii) RFS provided fully bundled retirement plan services and maintained participant records on its proprietary recordkeeping system. |
| | Class C shares that are or were held in a qualified retirement plan account serviced by third-party administrators will not be subject to a CDSC upon the redemption of such shares regardless of the length of time the shares were held by the shareholder. |
Distributions and Taxes
Taxes
General
Each Fund is treated as a separate corporation for federal tax purposes. Each Fund has elected and qualified since its inception for treatment as a RIC under the Code, and each intends to continue to qualify for that treatment so that it is relieved of federal income tax on that part of its investment company taxable income (consisting generally of net taxable investment income, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, and net gains and losses from certain foreign currency transactions, all determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) that it distributes to its shareholders. To continue to qualify for treatment as a RIC, a Fund must distribute to its shareholders for each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income and 90% of its net tax-exempt income, if any, including, for purposes of satisfying this distribution requirement, certain distributions made by the Fund after the close of its taxable year that are treated as made during such taxable year. For each Fund, these requirements include the following:
| | the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including gains from options, futures contracts, or forward currency contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in securities or those currencies (collectively, “Qualifying Income”) and (b) net income from an interest in a QPTP (“Income Requirement”); and |
| | at the close of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, US government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities that are limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the issuer’s outstanding voting securities (equity securities of QPTPs being considered voting securities for these purposes) (50% Diversification Requirement), and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets may be invested in (i) the securities (other than US government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, (ii) the securities (other than securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers the Fund controls that are determined to be engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (iii) the securities of one or more QPTPs (collectively, “RIC Diversification Requirements”). |
The gains that a Fund derives from investments in options or futures contracts on gold that are made for the purpose of hedging the Fund’s investment in securities of companies in the businesses of mining, processing, producing, exploring for, refining, or selling gold generally constitute Qualifying Income. However, direct investments by a Fund in precious metals, structured notes linked to precious metals or options or futures contracts on precious metals made for non-hedging purposes would have adverse tax consequences for the Fund and its shareholders if it either (1) derived more than 10% of its gross income in any taxable year from the disposition of such metals, notes, options, and futures contracts and from other non-Qualifying Income and thus failed to satisfy the Income Requirement or (2) held such metals, notes, options, and futures contracts in such quantities that it failed to satisfy the 50% Diversification Requirement. (Also see Investment in a Subsidiary below.) Each Fund that invests in such metals, notes, options or futures contracts intends to manage or continue to manage its holdings thereof so as to avoid failing to satisfy those requirements for these reasons.
A Fund will be able to cure a failure to satisfy any of the Income and RIC Diversification Requirements as long as the failure “is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect” and the Fund pays a deductible tax calculated in accordance with those provisions and meets certain other requirements.
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A Fund may invest in one or more wholly-owned foreign or domestic subsidiaries as special purpose entities to hold certain investments that, if held directly by the Fund, might not generate Qualifying Income. Any such domestic special purpose entity likely would be subject to federal income tax, resulting in a reduced after-tax yield on the investment return of the assets held by it, as compared with a direct investment by the Fund in such assets. Moreover, income and gains generated by a Fund’s foreign wholly-owned subsidiary would be treated as constructively earned by the Fund each taxable year, thus resulting in the Fund’s having to make larger taxable distributions to its shareholders attributable to that income. See Investment in a Subsidiary below.
If any Fund failed to qualify for treatment as a RIC for any taxable year and was unable, or determined not to, cure the failure, then for federal tax purposes, it would be taxed as an ordinary corporation on the full amount of its taxable income for that year (even if it distributed that income to its shareholders). In addition, the shareholders would treat all those distributions, including distributions of net capital gain as taxable dividends to the extent of the Fund’s earnings and profits, taxable as ordinary income, except as follows: (i) for individual and certain other noncorporate shareholders (each, a “noncorporate shareholder”), the part of such dividends that is “qualified dividend income” (as defined below under Shareholder Tax Considerations) would be subject to federal income tax at the rates for net capital gain – a maximum of 15%, or 20% for noncorporate shareholders with taxable income exceeding certain thresholds (which are adjusted for inflation annually); and (ii) all or part of those dividends would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction available to corporations under certain circumstances. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions before requalifying for RIC treatment.
Dividends and other distributions a Fund declares in October, November, and/or December of any year that are payable to its shareholders of record on a date in such a month are deemed to have been paid by the Fund and received by the shareholders on December 31 if the Fund pays them during the following January. Accordingly, those dividends and other distributions (except for exempt-interest dividends, as described below) will be taxed to the shareholders for the year in which that December 31 falls.
Each Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax (Excise Tax) to the extent it fails to distribute, by the end of any calendar year, substantially all of its ordinary (taxable) income for that year and capital gain net income for the one-year period ending on October 31 of that year, plus certain other amounts. For these purposes, a Fund may defer into the next taxable year any capital loss incurred between November 1 and the end of the current taxable year as well as certain late year ordinary losses incurred between January 1 and the end of the current taxable year. It is the policy of each Fund to pay sufficient dividends and other distributions each year to avoid imposition of the Excise Tax.
When a Fund engages in securities lending, while securities are loaned out by such Fund, the Fund generally will receive from the borrower amounts equal to any dividends or interest paid on the borrowed securities. For federal income tax purposes, payments made “in lieu of” dividends are not considered dividend income. These distributions will neither qualify for the reduced rate of taxation for individuals on qualified dividends nor the 50% dividends-received deduction for corporations. Also, any foreign tax withheld on payments made “in lieu of” dividends or interest will not qualify for the pass- through of foreign tax credits to shareholders. Additionally, in the case of a Fund with a strategy of investing in tax-exempt securities, any payments made “in lieu of” tax-exempt interest will be considered taxable income to the Fund, and thus, to the investors, even though such interest may be tax-exempt when paid to the borrower.
Investments in Partnerships and QPTPs
A QPTP is defined as a publicly traded partnership (generally, a partnership the interests in which are “traded on an established securities market” or are “readily tradable on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof)”) other than a partnership at least 90% of the gross income of which consists of Qualifying Income. All of the net income derived by a fund from an interest in a QPTP will be treated as Qualifying Income but the fund may not invest more than 25% of its total assets in one or more QPTPs. However, there can be no assurance that a partnership classified as a QPTP in one year will qualify as a QPTP in the next year. Any such failure to annually qualify as a QPTP might, in turn, cause a fund to fail to qualify as a RIC. Although, in general, the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to RICs, such rules do apply to a fund with respect to items attributable to an interest in a QPTP. Fund investments in partnerships, including in QPTPs, may result in the fund being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or withholding tax liabilities.
If an MLP is treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes (whether or not a QPTP), all or a portion of the dividends received by a fund from the MLP likely will be treated as a return of capital for US federal income tax purposes because of accelerated deductions available with respect to the activities of such MLPs. Further, because of these accelerated deductions, on the disposition of interests in such an MLP, a fund likely will realize taxable income in excess of economic gain with respect to those MLP interests (or if the fund does not dispose of the MLP, the fund could realize taxable income in excess of cash flow with respect to the MLP in a later period), and the fund must take such income into account in determining whether the fund has satisfied its Distribution Requirement. A fund may have to borrow or liquidate securities to satisfy its Distribution Requirement and to meet its redemption requests, even though investment considerations might otherwise make it undesirable for the fund to sell securities or borrow money at such time. In addition, any gain recognized, either upon the sale of a fund’s MLP interest or sale by the MLP of property held by it, including in excess of economic gain thereon, treated as so-called “recapture income,” will be treated as ordinary income. Therefore, to the extent a fund invests in MLPs, fund shareholders might receive greater amounts of distributions from the fund taxable as ordinary income than they otherwise would in the absence of such MLP investments.
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Distributions and Taxes
Although MLPs generally are expected to be treated as partnerships for US federal income tax purposes, some MLPs may be treated as passive foreign investment companies or “regular” corporations for US federal income tax purposes. The treatment of particular MLPs for US federal income tax purposes will affect the extent to which a fund can invest in MLPs and will impact the amount, character, and timing of income recognized by the Fund.
Income from Foreign Securities
Dividends and interest a Fund receives, and gains it realizes, on foreign securities may be subject to income, withholding, or other taxes imposed by foreign countries and US possessions (collectively, “foreign taxes”) that would reduce the yield and/or total return on its securities. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate foreign taxes, however, and many foreign countries do not impose taxes on capital gains in respect of investments by foreign investors. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may elect to pass-through foreign taxes paid by the Fund to shareholders, although it reserves the right not to do so. If a Fund makes such an election and obtains a refund of foreign taxes paid by the Fund in a prior year, the Fund may be eligible to reduce the amount of foreign taxes reported by the Fund to its shareholders, generally by the amount of the foreign taxes refunded, for the year in which the refund is received.
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in the stock of PFICs. A PFIC is any foreign corporation (with certain exceptions) that, in general, meets either of the following tests for a taxable year: (1) at least 75% of its gross income is passive or (2) an average of at least 50% of its assets produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. Whether a foreign corporation is a PFIC is a fact-intensive determination that is based on various facts and circumstances that may change from time to time, and the principles and methodology used in determining whether a foreign corporation is a PFIC are subject to interpretation. It is possible that a Fund could invest in a foreign corporation that becomes, or is determined to be, a PFIC after the Fund makes the investment.
Under certain circumstances, a Fund will be subject to federal income tax on a portion of any “excess distribution” it receives on the stock of a PFIC or of any gain on the disposition of the stock (collectively, “PFIC income”), plus interest thereon, even if the Fund distributes the PFIC income as a dividend to its shareholders. The balance of the PFIC income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income and, accordingly, will not be taxable to it to the extent it distributes that income to its shareholders. To avoid the foregoing tax and interest obligation, a Fund might make a “qualified electing fund” (“QEF”) or “marked-to-market” election. If a Fund invests in a PFIC and elects to treat the PFIC as a QEF, then in lieu of the foregoing tax and interest obligation, the Fund will be required to include in income each taxable year its pro rata share of the QEF’s annual ordinary earnings and net capital gain – which the Fund probably would have to distribute to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and avoid imposition of the Excise Tax – even if the QEF does not distribute those earnings and gain to the Fund. In most instances it will be very difficult, if not impossible, to make this election because of certain requirements thereof.
A Fund may elect to mark-to-market its stock in any PFIC. Marking-to-market, in this context, means including in gross income each taxable year (and treating as ordinary income) the excess, if any, of the fair market value of a PFIC’s stock over a Fund’s adjusted basis therein as of the end of that year. Pursuant to the election, a Fund also may deduct (as an ordinary, not a capital, loss) the excess, if any, of its adjusted basis in PFIC stock over the fair market value thereof as of the taxable year-end, but only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains with respect to that stock the Fund included in income for prior taxable years under the election. A Fund’s adjusted basis in each PFIC’s stock with respect to which it makes this election will be adjusted to reflect the amounts of income included and deductions taken under the election.
Foreign Currency Gains and Losses
Gains or losses (1) from the disposition of foreign currencies, including forward currency contracts, (2) except in certain circumstances, from options and forward contracts on foreign currencies (and on financial instruments involving foreign currencies) and from notional principal contracts (e.g., swaps, caps, floors and collars) involving payments denominated in foreign currencies, (3) on the disposition of each debt security denominated in a foreign currency that are attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security and the date of its disposition, and (4) that are attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest, dividends or other receivables, or expenses or other liabilities, denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects the receivables or pays the liabilities, generally are treated as ordinary income or loss. These gains or losses may increase or decrease the amount of a Fund’s investment company taxable income to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income, rather than affecting the amount of its net capital gain, and may cause some or all of the Fund’s previously distributed income to be classified as a return of capital.
Each Fund that is permitted to invest in forward currency contracts may elect to treat gains and losses from those contracts as capital gains or losses. These gains or losses may increase or decrease the amount of a Fund’s investment company taxable income (if short-term in nature) or net capital gain (if long-term in nature) to be distributed to its shareholders.
Income from Financial Instruments and Foreign Currencies
The use of hedging and option income strategies, such as writing (selling) and purchasing options and futures contracts and entering into forward currency contracts, involves complex rules that will determine for income tax purposes the amount, character and timing of recognition of the gains and losses a Fund realizes in connection therewith. Gains from the disposition of foreign currencies (except certain gains that may be excluded by future regulations), and gains from options, futures contracts and forward currency contracts a Fund derives with respect to its business of investing in securities or foreign currencies (see the discussion under General above regarding options and futures contracts on gold), will be treated as
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Qualifying Income. Each Fund will monitor its transactions, make appropriate tax elections, and make appropriate entries in its books and records when it acquires any Financial Instrument to mitigate the effect of these rules, prevent its disqualification as a RIC, and minimize the imposition of federal income tax.
A Fund’s need to satisfy the Income Requirement and the RIC Diversification Requirements to qualify for treatment as a RIC may limit its ability to engage in certain swap agreements and derivatives transactions. Moreover, the rules governing the tax treatment of swap agreements are not entirely clear in certain respects. For example, the tax treatment of a payment made or received under a swap agreement in particular, whether such a payment is, wholly or partially, ordinary income or capital gain will vary depending on the terms of the particular agreement. The tax treatment of swap agreements and other derivatives also may be affected by future legislation, regulations, and/or guidance issued by the IRS. While each Fund intends to account for swap agreements in a manner it considers to be appropriate under applicable tax rules, the IRS might not accept that treatment. If it did not, a Fund’s status as a RIC might be affected. The Funds intend to monitor developments in this area.
Any income a Fund earns from writing options is treated as short-term capital gain. If a Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will have a short-term capital gain or loss based on the difference between the premium it received for the option it wrote and the premium it paid for the option it bought. If an option written by a Fund lapses without being exercised, the premium it received also will be a short-term capital gain. If such an option is exercised and the Fund thus sells the securities subject to the option, the premium the Fund received will be added to the exercise price to determine the gain or loss on the sale.
Certain futures contracts, foreign currency contracts and “non-equity” options (that is, certain listed options, such as those on a “broad-based” securities index) — but excluding any “securities futures contract” that is not a “dealer securities futures contract” (both as defined in the Code) and any interest rate cap or floor, interest rate or certain other swap, or similar agreement — in which a Fund may invest will be “Section 1256 contracts.” Section 1256 contracts a Fund holds at the end of its taxable year, other than contracts subject to a “mixed straddle” election the Fund may make, are marked to market (that is, treated as sold at that time for their fair market value) for federal income tax purposes, with the result that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized. Sixty percent of any net gains or losses recognized on these deemed sales, and 60% of any net realized gains or losses from any actual sales of Section 1256 contracts, are treated as long-term capital gains or losses, and the balance is treated as short-term capital gains or losses. Section 1256 contracts also are marked-to-market at the end of October of each year for purposes of the Excise Tax. A Fund may need to distribute any net marked-to-market gains as of the end of its taxable year to its shareholders to satisfy the Distribution Requirement (i.e., with respect to the portion treated as short-term capital gain, which will be includible in its investment company taxable income, and thus taxable to its shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them). These rules also may operate to increase the net capital gain a Fund recognizes, even though it may not have closed the transactions and received cash to pay distributions of that gain.
Under Code Section 988, a gain or loss (1) from the disposition of foreign currencies, (2) except in certain circumstances, from options, futures, and forward contracts on foreign currencies (and on financial instruments involving foreign currencies) and from notional principal contracts (e.g., swaps, caps, floors, and collars) involving payments denominated in foreign currencies, (3) on the disposition of each foreign-currency-denominated debt security that are attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the dates of acquisition and disposition of the security, and (4) that is attributable to exchange rate fluctuations between the time a Fund accrues interest, dividends, or other receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time it actually collects the receivables or pays the liabilities generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss. These gains or losses will increase or decrease the amount of a Fund’s investment company taxable income, rather than affecting the amount of its net capital gain. (Note, however, that under certain circumstances, a Fund may make an election to treat foreign currency gain or loss on certain forward contracts, futures contracts and options as capital gain or loss). If a Fund’s Section 988 losses (other than those to which such an election applies) exceed its other investment company taxable income for a taxable year, the Fund would not be able to distribute any dividends.
Offsetting positions a Fund enters into or holds in any actively traded security, option, futures, or forward currency contract may constitute a “straddle” for federal income tax purposes. Straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character, and timing of recognition of a Fund’s gains and losses with respect to positions of the straddle by requiring, among other things, that (1) loss realized on the disposition of one position of a straddle be deferred to the extent of any unrealized gain in an offsetting position until the latter position is disposed of, (2) the Fund’s holding period for certain straddle positions not begin until the straddle is terminated (possibly resulting in gain being treated as short-term rather than long-term capital gain), and (3) losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions, that otherwise would constitute short-term capital losses, be treated as long-term capital losses. Applicable regulations also provide certain “wash sale” rules, which apply to transactions where a position is sold at a loss and a new offsetting position is acquired within a prescribed period, and “short sale” rules applicable to straddles. Different elections are available to the Funds, which may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules, particularly with respect to “mixed straddles” (i.e., a straddle of which at least one, but not all, positions are section 1256 contracts).
The premium a Fund receives for writing (selling) a put or call option is not included in income at the time of receipt. When a covered call option written (sold) by a Fund expires, it will realize a short-term capital gain equal to the amount of the premium it received for writing the option. When a Fund terminates its obligations under such an option by entering into a closing transaction, it will realize a short-term capital gain (or loss), depending on whether the cost of the closing transaction is less (or more) than the premium it received when it wrote the option. When a covered
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Distributions and Taxes
call option written by a Fund is exercised, it will be treated as having sold the underlying security, producing long-term or short-term capital gain or loss, depending on the holding period of the underlying security and whether the sum of the option price it receives on the exercise plus the premium it received when it wrote the option is more or less than the underlying security’s basis.
Income from REITs
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in REITs that (1) hold residual interests in REMICs or (2) engage in mortgage securitization transactions that cause the REITs to be taxable mortgage pools (“TMPs”) or have a qualified REIT subsidiary that is a TMP. A portion of the net income allocable to REMIC residual interest holders may be “excess inclusion income.” The Code authorizes the issuance of regulations dealing with the taxation and reporting of excess inclusion income; however, those regulations have not yet been issued.
Under a 2006 Notice issued by the IRS, a portion of a Fund’s income from a US REIT that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC or equity interests in a TMP will be subject to federal income tax in all events. The excess inclusion income of a RIC will be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest or, if applicable, TMP directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute “unrelated business taxable income” (“UBTI”) to entities (including qualified pension plans, individual retirement accounts, 401(k) plans, Keogh plans or other tax-exempt entities) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in US federal withholding tax. In addition, if at any time during any taxable year a “disqualified organization” (which generally includes certain cooperatives, governmental entities, and tax- exempt organizations not subject to UBTI) is a record holder of a share in a RIC, then the RIC will be subject to a tax equal to that portion of its excess inclusion income for the taxable year that is allocable to the disqualified organization, multiplied by the corporate income tax rate. The Notice imposes certain reporting requirements upon RICs that have excess inclusion income. There can be no assurance that a Fund will not allocate to shareholders excess inclusion income. However, no Fund will invest directly in REMIC residual interests or intends to invest in REITs that, to its knowledge, invest in those interests or are TMPs or have a qualified REIT subsidiary that is a TMP. It is unlikely that these rules will apply to a Fund that has a non-REIT strategy.
Income from OID Securities
Subject to its investment policies and restrictions, a Fund may invest in taxable or municipal zero coupon bonds or other securities issued with OID. As a holder of those securities, a Fund must include in its gross income (or take into account, in the case of OID on tax-exempt securities) the OID that accrues on them during the taxable year, even if it receives no corresponding payment on the securities during the year. Similarly, a Fund must include in its gross income each taxable year, securities it receives as “interest” on PIK securities. Because a Fund annually must distribute (1) substantially all of its investment company taxable income, including any accrued OID and other non-cash income, to avoid imposition of the Excise Tax, and (2) substantially all of the sum of that income and its net tax-exempt income (including any tax-exempt OID), to satisfy the Distribution Requirement, it may be required in a particular taxable year to distribute as a dividend an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash it actually receives. Those distributions will be made from a Fund’s cash assets or from the proceeds of sales of its portfolio securities, if necessary. A Fund may realize capital gains or losses from those sales, which would increase or decrease its investment company taxable income and/or net capital gain.
Investments in Convertible Securities
Convertible debt is ordinarily treated as a “single property” consisting of a pure debt interest until conversion, after which the investment becomes an equity interest. If the security is issued at a premium (i.e., for cash in excess of the face amount payable on retirement), the creditor-holder may amortize the premium over the life of the bond. If the security is issued for cash at a price below its face amount, the creditor-holder must accrue original issue discount in income over the life of the debt. The creditor-holder’s exercise of the conversion privilege is treated as a nontaxable event. Mandatorily convertible debt (e.g., an exchange traded note or ETN issued in the form of an unsecured obligation that pays a return based on the performance of a specified market index, exchange currency, or commodity) is often, but not always, treated as a contract to buy or sell the reference property rather than debt. Similarly, convertible preferred stock with a mandatory conversion feature is ordinarily, but not always, treated as equity rather than debt. Dividends received generally are qualified dividend income and eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction. In general, conversion of preferred stock for common stock of the same corporation is tax-free. Conversion of preferred stock for cash is a taxable redemption. Any redemption premium for preferred stock that is redeemable by the issuing company might be required to be amortized under original issue discount principles.
Shareholder Tax Considerations
Dividends a Fund pays to you from its investment company taxable income will be taxable as ordinary income, except that a Fund’s dividends attributable to its “qualified dividend income” (i.e., dividends received on stock of most domestic and certain foreign corporations with respect to which the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other restrictions) generally will be subject to federal income tax for noncorporate shareholders who satisfy those restrictions with respect to their Fund shares at the federal income tax rates for net capital gain – a maximum of 15%, or 20% for noncorporate shareholders with taxable income exceeding certain thresholds (which are adjusted for inflation annually). A portion of a Fund’s
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dividends also may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporate shareholders – the eligible portion may not exceed the aggregate dividends the Fund receives from domestic corporations subject to federal income tax (excluding REITs) and excludes dividends from foreign corporations – subject to similar restrictions.
Distributions to you of a Fund’s net capital gain (net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) will be taxable as long-term capital gain, at the 15% and 20% maximum rates mentioned above, regardless of how long you have held your Fund shares. Shareholders other than Qualified Plans, IRAs and other tax-exempt investors will be subject to federal income tax on dividends and capital gain distributions received from a Fund, regardless of whether they are received in cash or additional Fund shares.
Distributions by a Fund that are not paid from earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of (and in reduction of) the shareholder’s tax basis in his shares; any excess will be treated as gain from the sale of his shares.
Thus, the portion of a distribution that constitutes a return of capital will decrease the shareholder’s tax basis in his Fund share (but not below zero), and will result in an increase in the amount of gain (or decrease in the amount of loss) that will be recognized by the shareholder for tax purposes on the later sale of such Fund shares.
A shareholder’s cost basis information will be provided on the redemption of any of the shareholder’s shares, subject to certain exceptions for exempt recipients. The Funds will calculate the shareholder’s cost basis using its default method, unless the shareholder instructs a Fund to use a different calculation method. Please contact the broker (or other nominee) that holds your shares with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for your account.
If Fund shares are sold at a loss after being held for six months or less, the loss will be treated as a long-term, instead of a short- term, capital loss to the extent of any capital gain distributions received on those shares. Investors also should be aware that if they purchase shares shortly before the record date for a dividend (other than an “exempt-interest dividend” described in the following sub-section) or other distribution, they will receive some portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution.
If more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations – which may occur for one or more Funds, the Fund will be eligible to, and may file an election with the IRS that will enable its shareholders, in effect, to benefit from any foreign tax credit or deduction available with respect to any foreign taxes it pays. Pursuant to the election, a Fund would treat those taxes as dividends paid to its shareholders and each shareholder (1) would be required to include in gross income, and treat as paid by the shareholder, the shareholder’s proportionate share of those taxes, (2) would be required to treat that share of those taxes and of any dividend the Fund paid that represents income from foreign or US possessions sources (“foreign-source income”) as the shareholder’s own income from those sources, and (3) could either use the foregoing information in calculating the foreign tax credit against the shareholder’s federal income tax or, alternatively, deduct the foreign taxes deemed paid by the shareholder in computing taxable income. If a Fund makes this election for a taxable year, it will report to its shareholders shortly after that year their respective shares of the foreign taxes it paid and its foreign-source income.
Individual shareholders of a Fund described in the preceding paragraph who have no more than $300 ($600 for married persons filing jointly) of creditable foreign taxes included on IRS Forms 1099 and all of whose foreign source income is “qualified passive income” may elect each taxable year to be exempt from the foreign tax credit limitation for federal income tax purposes (about which shareholders may wish to consult their tax advisors), in which event they would be able to claim a foreign tax credit without having to file the detailed IRS Form 1116 that otherwise is required. A shareholder will not be entitled to credit or deduct its allocable portion of foreign taxes a Fund paid if the shareholder has not held that Fund’s shares for at least 16 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days before the ex-distribution date for those shares. The minimum holding period will be extended if the shareholder’s risk of loss with respect to those shares is reduced by reason of holding an offsetting position. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. A foreign shareholder may not deduct or claim a credit for foreign taxes in determining its federal income tax liability unless the Fund dividends paid to it are effectively connected with the shareholder’s conduct of a US trade or business.
Income dividends a Fund pays to a nonresident alien individual, foreign corporation or partnership, or foreign trust or estate (each, a “foreign shareholder”), other than (1) dividends paid to a foreign shareholder whose ownership of shares is effectively connected with a trade or business within the United States the shareholder conducts and (2) capital gain distributions paid to a nonresident alien individual who is physically present in the United States for no more than 182 days during the taxable year, generally will be subject to a federal withholding tax of 30% (or lower treaty rate) and US estate tax. Income from a Fund that is effectively connected with a US trade or business carried on by a foreign shareholder will subject ordinary income dividends, capital gain dividends and any gains realized upon the sale or redemption of shares of the Fund to US federal income tax at the rates applicable to US citizens or domestic corporations and require the filing of a nonresident US income tax return.
Generally, dividends reported by a Fund to shareholders as interest-related dividends and paid from its qualified net interest income from US sources are not subject to US withholding tax. “Qualified interest income” includes, in general, US source (1) bank deposit interest; (2) short-term original discount; (3) interest (including original issue discount, market discount or acquisition discount) on an obligation that is in registered form, unless it is earned on an obligation issued by a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is a 10% shareholder or is contingent interest; and (4) any interest-related dividend from another regulated investment company. Similarly, short-term capital gain dividends reported by a Fund to shareholders as paid from its net short-term capital gains, other than short-term capital gains realized on the disposition of US real property interests (see the discussion below), are not subject to US withholding tax unless you were a nonresident alien individual present in the US for a
125
Distributions and Taxes
period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the calendar year. The Funds reserve the right to not report interest- related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends. Additionally, the Funds’ reporting of interest-related dividends or short- term capital gain dividends may not be passed through to shareholders by intermediaries who have assumed tax reporting responsibilities for this income in managed or omnibus accounts due to systems limitations or operational constraints.
Special US tax certification requirements may apply to non-US shareholders both to avoid US backup withholding imposed at a rate of 24% and to obtain the benefits of any treaty between the US and the shareholder’s country of residence. In general, if you are a non-US shareholder, you must provide a Form W-8 BEN-E (or other applicable Form W-8) to establish that you are not a US person, to claim that you are the beneficial owner of the income and, if applicable, to claim a reduced rate of, or exemption from, withholding as a resident of a country with which the US has an income tax treaty. A Form W-8 BEN-E provided without a US taxpayer identification number will remain in effect for a period beginning on the date signed and ending on the last day of the third succeeding calendar year, unless an earlier change of circumstances makes the information on the form incorrect. Certain payees and payments are exempt from backup withholding.
The tax consequences to a non-US shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may be different from those described herein. Non-US shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the Funds, including the applicability of foreign tax.
Foreign shareholders may be subject to US estate tax and are subject to special US tax certification requirements to avoid backup withholding and claim any treaty benefits. Exemptions from US withholding tax are provided for certain capital gain dividends paid by the Funds from net long-term capital gains, exempt-interest dividends, interest-related dividends and short- term capital gain dividends, if such amounts are reported by the Funds. However, notwithstanding such exemptions from US withholding at the source, any such dividends and distributions of income and capital gains will be subject to back-up withholding at a rate of 24%, if such shareholder fails to properly certify that he or she is not a US person.
Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”), “foreign financial institutions” (“FFIs”) or “non-financial foreign entities” (“NFFEs”) that are Fund shareholders may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on income dividends a Fund pays. After December 31, 2018, FATCA withholding also would have been applied to certain capital gain distributions, return of capital distributions, and the proceeds arising from the sale or a redemption of Fund shares; however, based on proposed regulations issued by the IRS, which can be relied upon currently, such withholding no longer is required unless final regulations provide otherwise (which is not expected). As more fully discussed below, the FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided (a) by an FFI, if it reports certain information regarding direct and indirect ownership of financial accounts US persons hold with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it certifies its status as such and, in certain circumstances, also certifies that (i) it has no substantial US persons as owners or (ii) it does have such owners and reports information relating to them to the withholding agent (which may be a Fund). The Treasury has negotiated intergovernmental agreements (IGAs) with certain countries and is in various stages of negotiations with other foreign countries with respect to one or more alternative approaches to implement FATCA; entities in those countries may be required to comply with the terms of the IGA instead of Treasury regulations.
An FFI can avoid FATCA withholding by becoming a “participating FFI,” which requires the FFI to enter into a tax compliance agreement with the IRS under the Code. Under such an agreement, a participating FFI agrees to (1) verify and document whether it has US accountholders, (2) report certain information regarding their accounts to the IRS, and (3) meet certain other specified requirements.
An FFI resident in a country that has entered into a Model I IGA with the United States must report to that country’s government (pursuant to the terms of the applicable IGA and applicable law), which will, in turn, report to the IRS. An FFI resident in a Model II IGA country generally must comply with US regulatory requirements, with certain exceptions, including the treatment of recalcitrant accountholders. An FFI resident in one of those countries that complies with whichever of the foregoing applies will be exempt from FATCA withholding.
An NFFE that is the beneficial owner of a payment from a Fund can avoid FATCA withholding generally by certifying its status as such and, in certain circumstances, by also certifying that either (1) it does not have any substantial US owners or (2) it does have one or more such owners and reports the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each such owner. The NFFE will report to the Fund or other applicable withholding agent, which will, in turn, report information to the IRS.
Those foreign shareholders also may fall into certain exempt, excepted, or deemed compliant categories established by Treasury regulations, IGAs, and other guidance regarding FATCA. An FFI or NFFE that invests in a Fund will need to provide the Fund with documentation properly certifying the entity’s status under FATCA to avoid FATCA withholding. The requirements imposed by FATCA are different from, and in addition to, the tax certification rules to avoid backup withholding described in the Prospectus. Foreign investors are urged to consult their tax advisor regarding the application of these requirements to their own situation and the impact thereof on their investment in a Fund.
Investment in a Subsidiary
Nomura Asset Strategy Fund
The Fund has invested, and may from time to time continue to invest, part of its assets (but not more than 25% of the value of its total assets as of the end of any quarter of its taxable year) in its Subsidiary, which is classified as a corporation for federal tax purposes. A foreign corporation, such as the Subsidiary, generally is not subject to federal income taxation except for income that is effectively connected with its conduct of a trade or business within the United States. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct its activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe
126
harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code (Safe Harbor) pursuant to which the Subsidiary, provided it is not a dealer in stocks, securities, or commodities, may engage in the following activities without being deemed to be engaged in a US trade or business: trading for its own account in (1) stocks or securities (including contracts to buy or sell securities) and (2) commodities that are “of a kind customarily dealt in on an organized commodity exchange and if the transaction is of a kind customarily consummated at such place.” Thus, the Subsidiary’s commodities and securities trading activities, if any, should not constitute engaging in a US trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary’s activities were determined not to be of the type described in the Safe Harbor or if the Subsidiary’s gains were attributable to investments in securities that constitute US real property interests (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may be considered to constitute engaging in a US trade or business.
A US person who owns (directly, indirectly or constructively) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of voting stock of a foreign corporation is a “United States shareholder” for purposes of the CFC provisions of the Code (commonly referred to as “Subpart F”). A foreign corporation is a CFC if, on any day of its taxable year, more than 50% of the voting power or value of its stock is owned (directly, indirectly or constructively) by United States shareholders. Because the Fund owns all the stock in its Subsidiary, the Fund is a United States shareholder thereof and its Subsidiary is a CFC. As a United States shareholder, the Fund is required to include in its gross income for federal income tax purposes for each taxable year the Subsidiary’s “subpart F income” (defined, in part, below), for the Subsidiary’s taxable year that ends with or within the Fund’s taxable year, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary’s income will be subpart F income. Subpart F income generally includes interest, OID, dividends, net gains from the disposition of securities, net gains from transactions (including futures, forward contracts and similar transactions) in any commodities (with certain exceptions), certain foreign currency gains, receipts with respect to securities loans, and net payments received with respect to futures contracts. The Fund’s inclusion in its gross income of its Subsidiary’s subpart F income will increase the Fund’s tax basis in its stock in the Subsidiary by the amount of that included income. Distributions by the Subsidiary to its Fund-shareholder will be tax-free to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income and, correspondingly, will reduce the Fund’s tax basis in the Subsidiary’s stock. Subpart F income generally is treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary’s underlying income.
As noted above, to continue to qualify as a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from Qualifying Income. The Fund has received, and is relying on, an opinion of counsel, which is not binding on the IRS or the courts, that income the Fund receives from the Subsidiary should constitute Qualifying Income. However, if the IRS were to determine that the Fund’s income from the Subsidiary was not considered Qualifying Income, and that determination was upheld by the courts, then the Fund – despite the opinion of counsel – might be unable to qualify as a RIC. In addition, it is possible that future tax legislation, regulations and/or further guidance issued by the IRS may affect the character, timing, and/or amount of the Fund’s taxable income or capital gains and distributions it makes, which in turn may adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders. Applicable income tax regulations confirm that such income will be treated as Qualifying Income if the Fund receives a distribution out of the Subsidiary’s earnings and profits, which is the practice the Subsidiary and the Fund follow.
Such regulations also permit the Fund to treat deemed inclusions of Subpart F income from the Subsidiary (which includes passive income such as income from commodity-linked derivatives) as Qualifying Income, even if the Subsidiary does not make a distribution of such income. Consequently, despite the current practice of the Fund and the Subsidiary making distributions out of the Subsidiary’s earnings and profits, the Fund and the Subsidiary reserve the right to change such practice and rely on deemed inclusions of “Subpart F” income from the Subsidiary being treated as Qualifying Income to the Fund, consistent with applicable income tax regulations. There can be no assurance that there will not be changes in federal tax or other law that might adversely affect the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary.
Accordingly, the extent to which the Fund directly invests in commodities or commodity-linked derivatives may be limited by the requirements to maintain its status as a RIC. If the Fund does not appropriately limit such investments, or if such investments (or the income earned on such investments) were to be recharacterized for US tax purposes, the Fund could fail to qualify as a RIC for one or more taxable years. If the Fund failed to so qualify for any taxable year but was eligible to and did cure the failure, it would incur potentially significant federal income tax expense. If, on the other hand, the Fund failed to so qualify for any taxable year and was ineligible to or otherwise did not cure the failure, it would be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at the corporate income tax rate, with the consequence that its income available for distribution to shareholders would be reduced.
Nomura High Income Fund
The Fund may gain most of its exposure to the Partnership Investments through its investment in the Subsidiary. The Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary is expected to provide the Fund with exposure to the Partnership Interests within the limitations of the federal tax requirements of Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code for qualification as a RIC. The “Subpart F” income (defined in Section 951 of the Internal Revenue Code) and Net CFC Tested Income (“NCTI”) (as defined in Section 951A of the Internal Revenue Code) of the Fund attributable to its investment in the Subsidiary is “qualifying income” to the Fund to the extent that such income is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies. The Fund expects its Subpart F income and NCTI attributable to its investment in the Subsidiary to be derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies and accordingly expects its Subpart F income and NCTI attributable to its investment in the Subsidiary to be treated as “qualifying income.” The Adviser will carefully monitor the Fund’s investments in the Subsidiary to ensure that no more than 25% of the Fund’s assets are invested in the Subsidiary to comply with the Asset Test described above.
127
Distributions and Taxes
In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments, such as Partnership Investments, when made directly, may not produce qualifying income to the Fund. To the extent the Fund invests in Partnership Investments directly, the Fund will seek to restrict its income from such instruments that do not generate qualifying income to a maximum of 10% of its gross income (when combined with its other investments that produce non-qualifying income).
A US person that owns (directly, indirectly or constructively) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock or 10% or more of the total value of shares of all classes of stock of a foreign corporation is a “US Shareholder” for purposes of Subpart F of the Internal Revenue Code. A foreign corporation is a CFC if, on any day of its taxable year, more than 50% of the voting power or value of its stock is owned (directly, indirectly or constructively) by “US Shareholders.” If the Fund is a “US Shareholder” of a CFC, the Fund will be required to include in its gross income for United States federal income tax purposes the CFCs “Subpart F income” (described below), and any NCTI for the CFC’s taxable year ending within the Fund’s taxable year, whether or not such income is distributed by the CFC.
“Subpart F income” generally includes interest, original issue discount, dividends, net gains from the disposition of stocks or securities, receipts with respect to securities loans and net payments received with respect to equity swaps and similar derivatives. “Subpart F income” also includes the excess of gains over losses from transactions (including futures, forward and similar transactions) in any commodities. NCTI generally includes the active operating profits of the CFC. The Fund’s recognition of “Subpart F income” or NCTI will increase the Fund’s tax basis in the CFC. Distributions by a CFC to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed “Subpart F income” or NCTI and will correspondingly reduce the Fund’s tax basis in the CFC, and any distributions in excess of the Fund’s tax basis in the Subsidiary will be treated as realized gain. Any losses with respect to the Fund’s shares of the Subsidiary will not be currently recognized. “Subpart F income” and NCTI are generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the CFC’s underlying income.
Net losses incurred by a CFC during a tax year do not flow through to the Fund and thus will not be available to offset income or capital gain generated from the Fund’s other investments. In addition, net losses incurred by a CFC during a tax year generally cannot be carried forward by the CFC to offset gains realized by it in subsequent taxable years. To the extent the Fund invests in the Subsidiary and recognizes “Subpart F” income or NCTI in excess of actual cash distributions from the Subsidiary, if any, it may be required to sell assets (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to generate the cash necessary to distribute as dividends to its shareholders all of its income and gains and therefore to eliminate any tax liability at the Fund level. The Fund will not receive any credit in respect of any non-US tax borne by the Subsidiary.
The foregoing is an abbreviated summary of certain federal income tax considerations affecting each Fund and its shareholders. The discussion does not purport to be complete or to deal with all aspects of federal income taxation that may be relevant to shareholders in light of their particular circumstances. It is based on current provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial decisions, and administrative pronouncements, all of which are subject to change (which has occurred frequently in recent years), some of which may be retroactive. Prospective investors are urged to consult their own tax advisor for more detailed information and for information regarding other federal tax considerations and any state, local or foreign taxes that may apply to them.
Performance Information
To obtain the Funds’ most current performance information, please call 800 523-1918 or visit our website at nomuraassetmanagement.com/performance.
Performance quotations represent the Funds’ past performance and should not be considered as representative of future results. The Funds will calculate their performance in accordance with the requirements of the rules and regulations under the 1940 Act, or any other applicable US securities laws, as they may be revised from time to time by the SEC.
Financial Statements
During the prior fiscal year, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”), which is located at 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, served as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust and, in its capacity as such, audited the annual financial statements contained in each Fund’s Form N-CSR filed with the SEC. The Funds’ Statements of Assets and Liabilities, Schedules of Investments, Statements of Operations, Statements of Changes in Net Assets, Financial Highlights, and Notes to Financial Statements, as well as the reports of PwC for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, are included in each Fund’s Form N-CSR. The Funds’ financial statements, Financial Highlights, the notes relating thereto and the reports of PwC listed above are incorporated by reference into this SAI from (i) the most recent Form N-CSR for Nomura Healthcare Fund; and (ii) the most recent Form N-CSR for all other Funds. The Board approved the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds, beginning with the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027.
128
Principal Holders
As of June 30, 2026, the Manager believes the following shareholders held of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of each Class of each Fund. The Manager generally does not have knowledge of any beneficial owners that invest through record owners.
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage |
|
Nomura
Asset Strategy Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
17.11% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
6.26% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
9.92% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
8.63% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
9.04% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
11.75% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INVESTMENT SVC |
6.23% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
23.47% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
10.93% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
7.69% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
8.63% |
129
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
11.94% |
|
Institutional
Class |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
5.97% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
47.15% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
8.08% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.94% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
5.69% |
|
|
UBS
WM USA |
5.62% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
6.51% |
|
Class
R6 |
NATIONWIDE
TRUSTCO FSB |
14.65% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
28.86% |
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST |
9.92% |
130
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Class
R |
MASSACHUSETTS
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE |
5.89% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
23.70% |
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST AS TRUSTEE |
8.07% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE C |
39.14% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
10.56% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
5.07% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
14.42% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
53.20% |
|
Nomura
Balanced Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
EDWARD
D JONES & CO |
5.89% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
59.50% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INVESTMENT SVC |
10.20% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
5.28% |
131
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
36.88% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
5.11% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.74% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
7.75% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
6.50% |
|
Institutional
Class |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
69.51% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.53% |
|
Class
R6 |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
17.92% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES & CO |
41.82% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
6.99% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUSTCO FSB |
8.26% |
132
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
OPPENHEIMER
& CO INC. FBO |
5.84% |
|
Class
R |
AMERICAN
UNITED LIFE |
16.78% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
57.60% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
16.53% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
13.37% |
|
|
MINNESOTA
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
6.41% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
10.70% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
20.10% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
33.41% |
|
Nomura
Core Equity Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
78.47% |
|
Class
C |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
52.97% |
133
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
21.71% |
|
Institutional
Class |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
6.90% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
73.29% |
|
Class
R6 |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
14.74% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
37.27% |
|
|
MATRIX
TRUSTCO CUST FBO |
21.46% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
10.07% |
|
|
SEI
PRIVATE TRUST COMPANY |
9.27% |
|
Class
R |
ASCENSUS
TRUST COMPANY FBO |
12.85% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
32.76% |
|
|
MATRIX
TRUSTCO AGENT FOR |
15.10% |
134
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST |
37.90% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
57.20% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
16.63% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
13.03% |
|
Nomura
Global Growth Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
49.18% |
|
|
MATRIX
TRUST COMPANY CUST. FBO |
5.96% |
|
Class
C |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
63.71% |
|
Institutional
Class |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
80.39% |
|
Class
R6 |
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
13.36% |
|
|
FIIOC
FBO |
72.49% |
135
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Class
R |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
7.53% |
|
|
IVY
DISTRIBUTORS INC |
20.72% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
67.46% |
|
Class
Y |
MILLENNIUM
TRUST CO LLC |
22.77% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
59.74% |
136
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Nomura
International Core Equity Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
28.72% |
|
|
MATRIX
TRUST COMPANY CUST. FBO |
6.27% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
9.36% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
5.69% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INVESTMENT SVC |
12.00% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
26.19% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
14.11% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
8.23% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
10.72% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
5.79% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INVESTMENT SVC |
7.76% |
137
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
8.05% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
36.97% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
7.30% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
11.03% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
8.22% |
|
Class
R6 |
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
10.20% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
9.19% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
5.13% |
|
|
JOHN
HANCOCK LIFE INS CO (USA) TR |
5.48% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
10.07% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
16.13% |
138
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
TIAA
TRUST, N.A. AS CUST/TTEE |
5.27% |
|
Class
R |
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
67.32% |
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST |
20.30% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
11.15% |
|
|
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
7.14% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
9.01% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
21.74% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
27.05% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
11.62% |
|
Nomura
Large Cap Growth Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
63.44% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVC |
6.63% |
139
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
35.62% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
9.43% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
14.72% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
8.87% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
11.02% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
59.25% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
5.84% |
|
Class
R6 |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
5.39% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
18.73% |
|
|
MID
ATLANTIC TRUST COMPANY FBO |
20.29% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
10.74% |
|
|
VANGUARD
FIDUCIARY TR COMPANY |
8.89% |
140
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Class
R |
MID
ATLANTIC TRUST COMPANY FBO |
5.80% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
10.33% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE C |
14.43% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
38.13% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
15.37% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
7.71% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE CO |
24.93% |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Growth Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
44.26% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVC |
9.35% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
14.41% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
5.57% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
10.87% |
141
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
25.04% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
11.24% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
5.56% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
11.96% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
24.35% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
14.47% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
8.79% |
|
Class
R6 |
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
9.12% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES & CO |
34.32% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
8.27% |
142
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Class
R |
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
7.55% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
25.40% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
23.55% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
13.17% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
6.92% |
|
|
MINNESOTA
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
14.28% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
11.20% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
LIFE INSURANCE CO |
7.96% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
20.13% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
7.90% |
|
Nomura
Mid Cap Income Opportunities Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
EDWARD
D JONES & CO |
10.65% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
57.07% |
143
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
7.03% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.48% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
12.88% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
9.38% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
22.93% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
13.17% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
24.22% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
8.09% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
11.48% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
8.78% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
30.27% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
20.49% |
144
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.56% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
8.12% |
|
Class
R6 |
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
50.84% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
26.05% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
57.87% |
|
|
JOHN
HANCOCK TRUST COMPANY LLC |
5.01% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
28.88% |
|
Nomura
Smid Cap Core Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
EDWARD
D JONES & CO |
6.70% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
53.61% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.47% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
7.50% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
49.21% |
145
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
5.92% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
7.50% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
7.86% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
12.69% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
10.90% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
11.40% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
41.26% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
14.40% |
|
Class
R6 |
AMERICAN
UNITED LIFE |
7.25% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES & CO |
35.11% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
18.41% |
|
|
JOHN
HANCOCK LIFE INS CO (USA) TR |
12.83% |
146
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
5.10% |
|
Class
R |
AMERICAN
UNITED LIFE |
12.80% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
28.74% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
49.12% |
|
Class
Y |
MATRIX
TRUST COMPANY CUST. FBO |
30.55% |
|
|
MINNESOTA
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
13.55% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
25.97% |
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST |
5.25% |
|
Nomura
Small Cap Growth Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
74.21% |
|
Class
C |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
42.57% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
7.44% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
14.44% |
147
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
8.67% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
6.04% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
53.63% |
|
Class
R6 |
CHARLES
SCHWAB TRUST BANK CUST |
7.65% |
|
|
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
7.88% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
5.30% |
|
|
JOHN
HANCOCK LIFE INS CO (USA) TR |
6.92% |
|
|
MASSACHUSETTS
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE |
5.43% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
33.76% |
|
Class
R |
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
23.07% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
53.33% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
9.07% |
148
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
22.28% |
|
|
MASSACHUSETTS
MUTUAL LIFE |
15.38% |
|
|
MINNESOTA
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
11.46% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
7.12% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
8.94% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE CO |
10.82% |
|
Nomura
Healthcare Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
8.94% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
8.91% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
8.16% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
6.23% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
7.35% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
7.39% |
149
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.60% |
|
|
RBC
CAPITAL MARKETS LLC |
6.36% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
9.58% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
8.46% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
7.01% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
10.05% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
10.42% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
5.28% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.04% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
6.14% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
32.26% |
150
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
20.12% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
5.88% |
|
|
LIU-ER
CHEN |
10.19% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
16.82% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
6.43% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
7.67% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.51% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
7.80% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
6.02% |
|
Class
R |
ASCENSUS
TRUST COMPANY FBO |
13.17% |
|
|
MID
ATLANTIC TRUST COMPANY FBO |
6.11% |
|
|
MID
ATLANTIC TRUST COMPANY FBO |
5.04% |
151
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST TTEE |
32.65% |
|
Nomura
Natural Resources Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
6.58% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
42.27% |
|
|
MORGAN
STANLEY SMITH BARNEY LLC |
6.33% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
5.37% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.84% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
6.51% |
|
Class
C |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
36.85% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
11.47% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
28.78% |
|
Institutional
Class |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
29.15% |
152
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
27.76% |
|
|
UBS
WM USA |
5.62% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
16.69% |
|
Class
R6 |
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
15.17% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
5.60% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUSTCO FSB |
7.90% |
|
|
OPPENHEIMER
& CO INC. FBO |
6.61% |
|
|
OPPENHEIMER
& CO INC. FBO |
6.66% |
|
|
OPPENHEIMER
& CO INC. FBO |
5.70% |
|
|
THE
LINCOLN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
14.23% |
|
Class
R |
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
12.14% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE C |
61.43% |
153
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Class
Y |
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
6.04% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
7.31% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE C |
61.57% |
|
Nomura
Real Estate Securities Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
65.65% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
6.14% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
11.10% |
|
|
BNYM
I S TRUST CO CUST SIMPLE IRA |
7.51% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
11.87% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
22.89% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
27.53% |
|
|
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
6.05% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
5.53% |
154
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Institutional
Class |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
69.84% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
8.22% |
|
Class
R6 |
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
7.13% |
|
|
MATRIX
TRUST COMPANY AS AGENT FOR |
39.71% |
|
|
MID
ATLANTIC TRUST COMPANY FBO |
15.45% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
29.30% |
|
Class
R |
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST |
78.48% |
|
Class
Y |
ASCENSUS
TRUST COMPANY FBO |
10.10% |
|
|
MINNESOTA
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
67.39% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
18.55% |
|
Nomura
Science and Technology Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
64.00% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
9.48% |
155
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
8.66% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
35.05% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
10.05% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
9.35% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
5.73% |
|
Institutional
Class |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
5.68% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
51.79% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
6.73% |
|
Class
R6 |
DCGT
TRUSTEE & OR CUSTODIAN |
6.98% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
10.13% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
5.03% |
156
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
JOHN
HANCOCK TRUST COMPANY LLC |
5.39% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
17.50% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.51% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
8.89% |
|
|
VOYA
RETIREMENT |
7.70% |
|
Class
R |
MASSACHUSETTS
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE |
8.11% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
29.87% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE C |
18.02% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
17.79% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
6.93% |
|
|
EMPOWER
ANNUITY INSURANCE |
8.23% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
6.42% |
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
6.91% |
157
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
25.15% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
7.62% |
|
|
TALCOTT
RESOLUTION LIFE INSURANCE C |
5.34% |
|
|
VOYA
RETIREMENT |
22.62% |
|
Nomura
Global Bond Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
6.94% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
65.45% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
12.26% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
43.32% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
12.14% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
21.66% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
23.27% |
158
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
8.97% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
34.57% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
9.00% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
10.49% |
|
Class
R6 |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
70.83% |
|
|
EDWARD
D JONES AND CO |
7.47% |
|
Class
R |
ASCENSUS
TRUST COMPANY FBO |
55.81% |
|
|
ASCENSUS
TRUSTCO FBO |
6.53% |
|
|
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
16.56% |
|
Class
Y |
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
87.39% |
|
Nomura
High Income Fund | ||
|
Class
A |
LPL
FINANCIAL |
42.62% |
159
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.74% |
|
Class
C |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
26.20% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
17.94% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
18.16% |
|
|
RAYMOND
JAMES |
6.45% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
15.72% |
|
Institutional
Class |
AMERICAN
ENTERPRISE INV SVCS |
6.82% |
|
|
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
7.08% |
|
|
LPL
FINANCIAL |
46.51% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
7.98% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
5.91% |
|
|
WELLS
FARGO CLEARING SVCS LLC |
5.93% |
160
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
Class
R6 |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
8.88% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
7.74% |
|
|
MATRIX
TRUST COMPANY CUST. FBO |
14.36% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUSTCO FSB |
5.27% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUSTCO FSB |
10.87% |
|
|
PERSHING
LLC |
11.89% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
9.06% |
|
Class
R |
SAMMONS
FINANCIAL NETWORK LLC |
39.28% |
|
|
STATE
STREET BANK AND TRUST |
5.99% |
|
|
VOYA
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST COMPANY |
38.78% |
|
Class
Y |
CHARLES
SCHWAB & CO INC |
29.85% |
|
|
EMPOWER
TRUST FBO |
11.67% |
161
Principal Holders
|
Fund/Class |
Name
and Address of Account |
Percentage
|
|
|
MLPF&S
FOR THE SOLE BENEFIT OF ITS |
10.23% |
|
|
NATIONAL
FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC |
6.55% |
|
|
NATIONWIDE
TRUST COMPANY FSB |
11.38% |
162
Appendix A — Description of Ratings
Corporate Obligation Ratings
Moody’s Investment Grade
Aaa: Bonds rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk.
Aa: Bonds rated Aa are judged to be high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A: Bonds rated A are considered upper medium-grade obligations and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa: Bonds rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk and are considered medium-grade obligations. As such they may have certain speculative characteristics.
Moody’s Below Investment Grade
Ba: Bonds rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Bonds rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Bonds rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Bonds rated Ca are considered highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C: Bonds rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default. They have little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
S&P®
The issue rating definitions are expressions in terms of default risk. As such, they pertain to senior obligations of an entity. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy. (Such differentiation applies when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.) Accordingly, in the case of junior debt, the rating may not conform exactly with the category definition.
Investment Grade
AAA: This is the highest rating assigned by S&P to a debt obligation. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA: Obligations rated AA differ from AAA issues only in a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A: Obligations rated A are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in the higher ratings categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB: Obligations rated BBB exhibit adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
Below Investment Grade
BB, B, CCC, CC, C: Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest degree of speculation. While these obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC: An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC: An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
163
Appendix A — Description of Ratings
C: A subordinated debt or preferred stock obligation rated C is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued. The C rating is also assigned to a preferred stock issue in arrears on dividends or sinking fund payments, but that is still making payments.
D: Obligations rated D are in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating is also used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
Plus (+) or minus (-): The ratings from “AA” to “CCC” may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
r: This symbol is attached to the ratings of instruments with significant noncredit risks and highlights risks to principal or volatility of expected returns that are not addressed in the credit rating.
Short-Term Debt Ratings
Moody’s
Moody’s short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs and to individual short-term debt instruments. These obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding 13 months, unless explicitly noted. Moody’s employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated issuers:
P-1 (Prime-1): Issuers (or supporting institutions) so rated have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2 (Prime-2): Issuers (or supporting institutions) so rated have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3 (Prime-3): Issuers (or supporting institutions) so rated have an acceptable ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
S&P®
S&P’s ratings are a current opinion of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the US, for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days — including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. The result is a dual rating, in which the short-term rating addresses the put feature, in addition to the usual long-term rating.
A-1: This designation indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2: Issues carrying this designation are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations carrying the higher designations. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3: Issues carrying this designation exhibit adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
AI-JULY 7/26164
Appendix B — Sub-Advisor Proxy Voting Policies
Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited
On behalf of its clients, Macquarie Asset Management (“MAM”) will vote proxies for portfolio holdings within the public markets pursuant to its Global Proxy Voting Policy and Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”). MAM has established a Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”) which is responsible for overseeing MAM’s proxy voting process for its clients. One of the main responsibilities of the Committee is to review and approve the Global Proxy Voting Policy and to ensure that the Guidelines are designed to allow MAM to vote proxies in a manner consistent with the goal of voting in the best interests of clients.
In order to facilitate the actual process of voting proxies, MAM has contracted a proxy advisory firm to analyse proxy statements on behalf of its clients and provide MAM with research recommendations on upcoming proxy votes in accordance with the Guidelines. The Guidelines summarises MAM’s position on how to vote proxies on behalf of MAM’s clients. MAM will generally vote in accordance with the recommendation, via a standing instruction, unless a vote is raised for review, whereby Committee or its delegates approval is required if an alternate vote is recommended by the investment team. After a proxy has been voted for a client, a record of the vote will be available to clients as requested. The Committee and its delegates are responsible for overseeing the proxy advisory firms’ proxy voting activities.
MAM generally believes that recommendations of management on any issue (particularly routine issues) should be given a fair amount of weight in determining how proxy issues should be voted. Thus, on many issues, MAM’s votes are cast in accordance with the recommendations of the company’s management. However, MAM may vote against management’s position when it runs counter to MAM’s Guidelines, and MAM will also vote against management’s recommendation when MAM believes such position is not in the best interests of our clients.
Some examples of MAM’s Guidelines are as follows:
| 1.
Board of Directors appointments 1. Support independence, diversity, accountability 2. Vote against directors where governance or risk oversight is materially deficient 2. Executive compensation 1. Link pay to long term-performance and shareholder outcomes 2. Vote against excessive, poorly structured or misaligned practices 3. Capital structure and shareholder rights 1. Protect shareholder rights (one share/one vote, avoid poison pill) 2. Scrutinise dilution, issuance limits or related party transactions 4. Audit and Risk oversight 1. Expect independent auditors and transparent financial reporting 2. Hold audit committees accountable for failures 5. ESG and sustainability 1. Support proposals that enhance long term risk management and value creation case by case on climate, human rights or political spending depending on materiality or alignment with fiduciary duty |
Most of the proxies which MAM receives on behalf of its clients are voted in accordance with the Guidelines. Since the Guidelines are pre-determined by the Committee, application of these by MAM’s portfolio management teams when voting proxies after reviewing the proxy and research provided by the proxy advisory firms should in most instances adequately address any potential conflicts of interest. If MAM becomes aware of a conflict of interest in an upcoming proxy vote, the proxy vote will generally be referred to the Committee or its delegates for review. If the portfolio management team for such proxy intends to vote in accordance with the proxy advisory firm’s recommendation pursuant to MAM’s Guidelines, then no further action is needed to be taken by the Committee. If MAM’s portfolio management team is considering voting a proxy contrary to the proxy advisory firm’s research recommendation under the Guidelines, the Committee or its delegates will assess the proposed vote to determine if it is reasonable. The Committee or its delegates will also assess whether any business or other material relationships between MAM and a portfolio company (unrelated to the ownership of the portfolio company’s securities) could have influenced an inconsistent vote on that company’s proxy. If the Committee or its delegates determines that the proposed proxy vote is unreasonable or unduly influenced by a conflict, the portfolio management team will be required to vote the proxy in accordance with the proxy advisory firm’s research recommendation or abstain from voting.
Clients may request that their client services representative provide them with a complete copy of the Policy and Guidelines and information on how their securities were voted by MAM.
Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc.
NCRAM recognizes that proxy voting is a valuable right of company shareholders. The firm has in place policies and procedures to ensure that NCRAM is administering proxy voting matters in a manner consistent with the best interests of its clients and in accordance with its fiduciary duties under applicable laws. Generally, NCRAM will vote all proxies it receives. However, it may be unable to vote proxies in certain circumstances, such as when securities are part of a securities lending program. In fulfilling its obligations to clients, NCRAM’s goal and intent is to vote all proxies in its
165
Appendix B — Sub-Advisor Proxy Voting Policies
clients’ best long term interests. NCRAM may vote in a manner that could diminish the value of a client’s position in the short-term if NCRAM believes it will increase this value in the long-term and NCRAM expects to hold the security for the long-term. NCRAM also has procedures to address potential material conflicts of interest between NCRAM and its clients.
Van Eck Associates Corporation
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures - May 2026
Policy Statement
When VanEck has been granted proxy voting authority by a client, VanEck, as a matter of policy and practice, will vote all proxies in accordance with applicable rules and regulations and in the best interests of its clients without influence by real or apparent conflicts of interest. Under its duty of care, VanEck will monitor corporate events and vote proxies. Under the duty of loyalty, VanEck will cast proxy votes in a manner consistent with the best interest of its clients and not subrogate the clients’ interests to its own.
VanEck has adopted the following policies and procedures, which are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in a manner that is consistent with the best interests of its clients in accordance with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act.
Background / Regulatory Requirements
An investment adviser must exercise the duties of care and loyalty with respect to proxy voting in accordance with its fiduciary duties and SEC rules 206(4)-6 and 204-2, as amended under the Advisers Act. Consistent with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act, an adviser owes its clients the duties of care and loyalty when voting proxies on their behalf. As such, an adviser must stay abreast of corporate events and vote proxies in a manner that is always in the best interests of its clients despite any potential conflicts of interest.
Rule 206(4)-6 of the Advisers Act requires an adviser to (a) adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that client securities are voted in the best interests of clients, which must include how an adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between an adviser’s interests and those of its clients; and b) disclose information about its proxy voting procedures to its clients and to inform clients how to obtain information about how their proxies were voted. Additionally, Rule 204-2 under the Advisers Act requires an adviser to maintain certain proxy voting records.
An adviser that exercises voting authority without complying with Rule 206(4)-6 will be deemed to have engaged in a “fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative” act, practice or course of business within the meaning of Section 206(4) of the Advisers Act.
Procedure
PROXY
VOTING AGENT
VanEck
has engaged Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC (“Glass Lewis”), an independent third party proxy voting specialist, to assist in
the implementation and
administration of proxy voting-related functions. Glass Lewis is responsible for notifying VanEck of all upcoming meetings, providing
a proxy analysis
and vote recommendation for each proposal, verifying that all proxies are received, submitting vote instructions to the appropriate tabulator,
and contacting
custodian banks to request missing proxies. In addition, Glass Lewis is responsible for maintaining copies of all proxy statements received
by issuers and to promptly provide such materials to VanEck upon request.
VanEck
oversees the Glass Lewis activities by reviewing reports produced by Glass Lewis, performing periodic audits of the proxy votes, reviewing
Glass Lewis
policies, procedures and practices regarding potential conflicts of interest, and conducting periodic onsite due diligence.
PROXY
VOTING GUIDELINES
VanEck
has adopted the Glass Lewis Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Proxy Voting Guidelines”). The Proxy Voting Guidelines reflect VanEck’s
general voting
positions on specific corporate governance issues and corporate actions. The Proxy Voting Guidelines address routine as well as significant
matters
commonly encountered. VanEck’s portfolio managers review the Proxy Voting Guidelines (including any revisions made to the Proxy
Voting Guidelines)
on an annual basis.
While it is VanEck’s policy to generally follow the Proxy Voting Guidelines, the portfolio manager retains the right, on any specific proxy, to vote differently from the Proxy Voting Guidelines, if he/she believes it is in the best interests of VanEck’s clients. Absent a Glass Lewis vote recommendation, such votes will be made on a case-by-case basis by VanEck. Any such exceptions will be documented by the portfolio manager and reviewed by the CCO or designee.
PRE-POPULATION
OF VOTES
The
Adviser pre-populates votes with Glass Lewis to help ensure all proxies are voted and such proxies are voted consistent with Glass Lewis’
recommendations.
The Adviser has the right to change or override the vote up until the vote deadline and in some instances up until the time of the meeting.
In the absence of intervention by the Adviser, Glass Lewis will submit votes prior to the vote deadline.
The Adviser has established procedures to access and review additional information provided by the issuer of a proxy that may become available before the Adviser casts its vote.
166
SHARES
OF REGISTERED INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Certain
funds advised by VanEck may invest their assets in other unaffiliated investment companies. To comply with Section 12(d)(1)(F), Rule 12d1-4
of the 1940 Act, or No-Action Letters* (if applicable), funds that hold shares in underlying funds may vote their shares in any underlying
fund in
the same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders in that underlying fund (sometimes called “echo” or “proportionate”
voting) as required by
the rules. The above proportionate voting procedures do not apply to non-U.S. underlying funds held by the VanEck Funds.
NON-VOTING
FOREIGN
SECURITIES
VanEck
may refrain from voting a proxy of a foreign issue due to logistical considerations that may impair VanEck’s ability to vote the
proxy. These issues
may include, but are not limited to: (i) proxy statements and ballots being written in a foreign language, (ii) untimely notice of a shareholder
meeting,
(iii)
requirements to vote proxies in person, (iv) restrictions on foreigner’s ability to exercise votes, or (v) requirements to provide
local agents with power
of attorney to facilitate the voting instructions. Such proxies are voted on a best-efforts basis.
In certain foreign jurisdictions, the voting of portfolio proxies can result in additional restrictions that have an economic impact or cost to the security, such as “share-blocking.” Share-blocking would prevent VanEck from selling the shares of the foreign company for a period of time if VanEck votes the portfolio proxy relating to the foreign company. VanEck will generally refrain from voting proxies on foreign securities that are subject to share blocking restrictions.
OTHER
VanEck
may refrain from voting, or may waive the right to vote, with respect to certain securities where VanEck determines that doing so is appropriate.
Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to, situations where voting could implicate regulatory requirements for one or more
clients.
SECURITIES
LENDING
Certain
portfolios managed by VanEck participate in securities lending programs to generate additional revenue. Proxy voting rights generally
pass to
the borrower when a security is on loan. If the security in question is on loan as part of a securities lending program, the Adviser may
determine that
the benefit to the Client of voting a particular proxy is outweighed by the revenue that would be lost by terminating the loan and recalling
the securities.
VanEck will use its best efforts to recall a security on loan and vote such securities if the portfolio manager determines that the proxy
involves
a material event.
There may be other instances where the Adviser may determine that casting a vote will not reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the value of a Client’s investments and instances where the Adviser is unable to vote because it did not receive proxy materials timely. Annually, the Adviser shall provide a report to the Board of proxies not voted.
RESOLVING
MATERIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
VanEck
may occasionally be subject to material conflicts of interest in voting proxies due to business or personal relationships it maintains
with persons
having an interest in the outcome of certain votes.
A “material conflict of interest” means the existence of a business relationship between a portfolio company or an affiliate and VanEck, any affiliate or subsidiary, or an “affiliated person” of a VanEck mutual fund. Examples of when a material conflict of interest exists include a situation where the adviser provides significant investment advisory, brokerage or other services to a company whose management is soliciting proxies; an officer of the adviser serves on the board of a charitable organization that receives charitable contributions from the portfolio company and the charitable organization is a client of the adviser; a portfolio company that is a significant selling agent of the adviser’s products and services solicits proxies; a broker-dealer or insurance company that controls 5% or more of the adviser’s assets solicits proxies; the adviser serves as an investment adviser to the pension or other investment account of the portfolio company; the adviser and the portfolio company have a lending relationship. In each of these situations voting against management may cause the adviser a loss of revenue or other benefit.
When a material conflict of interest exists, proxies will be voted in the following manner:
| 1. | Strict adherence to the Proxy Voting Guidelines, or |
| 2. | The potential conflict will be disclosed to the client: |
| a)
Requesting the client to vote the proxy, b) Recommending the client to engage another party to determine how the proxy should be voted, or c) If the foregoing are not acceptable to the client, disclosure of how VanEck intends to vote and a written consent to that vote by the client. |
Any deviations from the foregoing voting mechanisms must be approved by the CCO with a written explanation of the reason for the deviation.
CLIENT
INQUIRIES AND DISCLOSURE
VanEck
provides clients with a copy of the Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures upon request. In addition, it discloses a summary of this policy
in Part
2A of Form ADV which it provides to clients at or prior to entering into an investment advisory agreement with a client and also offers
to existing clients
on an annual basis.
167
Appendix B — Sub-Advisor Proxy Voting Policies
__________________________________________
*SPDR S&P Dividend ETF No-Action Letter, dated March 28, 2016 (IM Ref. No. 20151221518).
Generally, clients of VanEck have the right, and shall be afforded the opportunity, to have access to records of voting actions taken with respect to securities held in their respective accounts. All inquiries by clients as to how VanEck has voted proxies must immediately be forwarded to the Portfolio Administration Department.
OVERSIGHT
OF PROXY ADVISER
The
Adviser oversees Glass Lewis’ activities by reviewing various voting reports. The Adviser reviews Glass Lewis’ policies, procedures
and practices
regarding potential conflicts of interest to confirm that Glass Lewis remains independent and objective in the formulation of its recommendations.
No less frequently than annually, the Adviser shall review Glass Lewis’ capacity/competency (i.e., nature and quality of services,
capability
of research staff, methodologies for formulating voting recommendations, the adequacy and quality of staffing, personnel and technology,
as applicable).
The Adviser shall no less frequently than annually sample actual votes cast to confirm votes were cast as intended.
RECORDKEEPING
VanEck
is required to maintain and preserve in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years, the first two years in VanEck’s
office,
the following records:
| 1. | Copies of VanEck’s Proxy Voting Policies, Procedures and Guidelines; |
| 2. | Copies or records of each proxy statement received with respect to clients’ securities for whom VanEck exercises voting authority; |
| 3. | A record of each vote cast on behalf of an account as well as certain records pertaining to VanEck’s decision on the vote; |
| 4. | A copy of any document created by VanEck that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies on behalf of a client or that memorializes the basis for that decision; and |
| 5. | A copy of each written client request for information on how VanEck voted proxies on behalf of the client, and a copy of any written response by VanEck to any client request for information (either written or oral) on how VanEck voted proxies on behalf of the requesting client. |
VanEck relies on Glass Lewis to maintain proxy statements and records of proxy votes on VanEck’s behalf. As such, Glass Lewis must provide a copy of the records promptly upon request.
SAY-ON-PAY
VanEck
is an institutional investment manager who is required to file reports under Section 13(f) and exercises voting authority on behalf of
its clients
on executive compensation (Say-on-Pay) matters pursuant to Section 14A of the Exchange Act.
Since VanEck exercises voting authority over securities, VanEck must file Form N-PX annually by August 31, covering the 12-month period ending June 30. This form includes records of proxy votes cast on behalf of its client accounts regarding:
|
Executive compensation (Say-on-Pay) votes (Section 14A(a)), Frequency of Say-on-Pay votes (Section 14A(b)), Golden parachute compensation related to mergers and acquisitions. |
If
another adviser or a registered fund managed by VanEck has reported the votes, VanEck may submit an Institutional Manager Notice
Report (the “Notice
Report”) on Form N-PX. The Notice Report indicates that no additional votes are being reported.
The
Notice Report is an abbreviated filing where VanEck simply discloses that the registered fund has reported all the relevant proxy votes.
The Notice
Report must identify the registered funds that are responsible for reporting the votes, as well as the fact that VanEck is relying on
the joint reporting
provision.
VanEck
may choose to file a detailed Form N-PX detailing all proxy votes on Say-on-Pay votes or file a Notice Report.
VanEck
may request confidential treatment of certain votes if disclosure would likely result in harm to VanEck or its clients. Such requests
must be filed
in accordance with SEC Rule 24b-2 and the instructions for confidential treatment on Form N-PX.
Detailed records of all proxy votes must be maintained. These records must be kept for at least five years and made available for SEC examinations upon request.
AI-JULY 7/26168
PART C
(Ivy Funds)
File Nos. 033-45961/811-06569
Post-Effective Amendment No. 213
Other Information
| Item 28. | Exhibits. The following exhibits are incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s previously filed documents indicated below, except as noted: |
| (a) | Articles of Incorporation. | |||
| (1) | Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (August 15, 2017) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 146 filed on September 1, 2017. | |||
| (i) | Amended and Restated Schedule A (December 1, 2025) to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.a.1.i. | |||
| (b) | By-Laws. By-Laws (November 13, 2008) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 65 filed on January 29, 2010. | |||
| (c) | Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders. None other than those contained in Exhibits (a) and (b). | |||
| (d) | Investment Advisory Contracts. | |||
| (1) | Investment Management Agreement (December 1, 2025) between Delaware Management Company (a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust) and the Registrant attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.d.1. | |||
| (2) | Investment Advisory Expense Limitation Letter (July 2026) from Delaware Management Company (a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust) relating to the Registrant attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.d.2. | |||
| (3) | Sub-Advisory Agreement (December 1, 2025) between Delaware Management Company (a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust) and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.d.3. | |||
| (4) | Sub-Advisory Agreement (April 30, 2026) between Delaware Management Company (a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust) and Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc. attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.d.4. | |||
| (i) | Amendment No. 2 (July 13, 2026) to the Sub-Advisory Agreement between Delaware Management Company (a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust) and Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc. attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.d.4.i. | |||
| (5) | Sub-Advisory Agreement (December 1, 2025) between Delaware Management Company (a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust) and Van Eck Associates Corporation attached as Exhibit EX-99.d.5. | |||
| (e) | Underwriting Contracts. | |||
| (1) | Distribution Agreement (December 1, 2025) between Delaware Distributors, L.P. and the Registrant attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.e.1. | |||
| (2) | Form of Dealer’s Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.e.2. | |||
| (3) | Form of Registered Investment Advisers Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.e.3. | |||
| (4) | Form of Bank/Trust Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.e.4. | |||
| (f) | Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts. Not applicable. | |||
| (g) | Custodian Agreements. | |||
| (1) | Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement (July 20, 2007) between The Bank of New York Mellon (formerly, Mellon Bank, N.A.) and the Registrant incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (i) | Amendment No. 2 (July 1, 2017) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (ii) | Amendment No. 4 (July 19, 2019) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (iii) | Amendment No. 5 (December 31, 2021) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (iv) | Amendment No. 6 (December 31, 2021) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (v) | Amendment No. 7 (June 30, 2024) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025. | |||
| (vi) | Amendment No. 8 (April 1, 2025) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025. | |||
| (vii) | Amendment No. 9 (April 25, 2025) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025. | |||
| (viii) | Amendment No. 10 (December 1, 2025) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 filed on February 26, 2026 by Delaware Pooled Trust (File No. 033-40991). | |||
| (ix) | Amendment No. 11 (July 8, 2026) to Mutual Fund Custody and Services Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.g.1.ix. | |||
| (h) | Other Material Contracts. | |||
| (1) | Shareholder Services Agreement (June 24, 2022) between Delaware Investments Fund Services Company and the Registrant attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.h.1. | |||
| (i) | Amended and Restated Schedule A (December 1, 2025) to the Shareholder Services Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.h.1.i. | |||
| (2) | Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement (January 1, 2014) between The Bank of New York Mellon and the Registrant incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (i) | Amendment No. 1 (July 1, 2017) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (ii) | Amendment No. 2 (October 11, 2021) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. |
| (iii) | Amendment No. 3 (December 31, 2021) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (iv) | Amendment No. 4 (January 31, 2022) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 203 filed on January 27, 2023. | |||
| (v) | Amendment No. 5 (effective May 31, 2024) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025. | |||
| (vi) | Amendment No. 6 (July 30, 2024) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025. | |||
| (vii) | Amendment No. 7 (April 1, 2025) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025.. | |||
| (viii) | Amendment No. 8 (April 25, 2025) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 212 filed on July 29, 2025. | |||
| (ix) | Amendment No. 9 (December 1, 2025) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 filed on April 30, 2026 by Ivy Variable Insurance Portfolios (File No. 033-11466). | |||
| (x) | Amendment No. 10 (July 8, 2026) to Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Services Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.h.2.x. |
| (3) | Amended and Restated Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Oversight Agreement (December 1, 2025) between Delaware Service Company, Inc. and the Registrant incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 filed on April 30, 2026 by Ivy Variable Insurance Portfolios (File No. 033-11466). | |||
| (i) | Amendment No. 1 (July 1, 2026) to Fund Accounting and Financial Administration Oversight Agreement attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.h.3.i. | |||
| (i) | Legal Opinion. | |||
| (1) | Opinion and Consent of Counsel (July 28, 2021) with respect to the Nomura Asset Strategy Fund et al. incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 180 filed on July 28, 2021. | |||
| (j) | Other Opinions. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (July 2026) relating to Nomura Asset Strategy Fund, et al. attached as Exhibit No. EX-99.j. | |||
| (k) | Omitted Financial Statements. Not applicable. | |||
| (l) | Initial Capital Agreements. Not applicable. | |||
| (m) | Rule 12b-1 Plan. | |||
| (1) | Amended Distribution and Service Plan under Rule 12b-1 for Class A, Class C, Class R and Class Y Shares of Beneficial Interest (June 10, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 200 filed on August 1, 2022. | |||
| (n) | Rule 18f-3 Plan. | |||
| (1) | Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 (December 1, 2025) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 98 filed by Delaware Group Limited-Term Government Funds on April 29, 2026. | ||
| (o) | Reserved. | ||
| (p) | Codes of Ethics. | ||
| (1) | Code of Ethics for Nomura Investment Management Business Trust, Nomura Funds, Optimum Fund Trust and Nomura ETF Trust (December 1, 2025) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. No. 97 filed on January 28, 2026 by Delaware Group Equity Funds IV (File No. 033-00442). | ||
| (2) | Code of Ethics for Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (January 2026) into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. No. 97 filed on January 28, 2026 by Delaware Group Equity Funds IV (File No. 033-00442). | ||
| (3) | Code of Ethics for Van Eck Associates Corporation (January 8, 2026) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 filed on February 26, 2026 by Delaware Pooled Trust (File No. 033-40991). | ||
| (4) | Code of Ethics for Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc. (May 31, 2025) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 filed on April 30, 2026 by Ivy Variable Insurance Portfolios (File No. 033-11466). | ||
| (q) | Other. | ||
| (1) | Power of Attorney for Shawn K. Lytle (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (2) | Power of Attorney for Jerome D. Abernathy (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (3) | Power of Attorney for Ann D. Borowiec (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (4) | Power of Attorney for Joseph W. Chow (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (5) | Power of Attorney for John A. Fry (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (6) | Power of Attorney for Joseph Harroz, Jr. (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (7) | Power of Attorney for Sandra A.J. Lawrence (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (8) | Power of Attorney for Francis A. Sevilla-Sacasa (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (9) | Power of Attorney for Thomas K. Whitford (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (10) | Power of Attorney for Christianna Wood (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| (11) | Power of Attorney for Richard Salus (January 20, 2022) incorporated into this filing by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 188 filed on January 28, 2022. | ||
| Item 29. | Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Registrant. None. | ||
| Item 30. | Indemnification. Reference is made to Article 15 of the Distribution Agreement, filed by EDGAR on July 28, 2021 as Exhibit No. EX-99.e.1.i to Post-Effective Amendment No. 180 and to Article VII of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, filed by EDGAR on September 1, 2017, as Exhibit No. EX-99.a.18 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 146, each of which provide indemnification. Also refer to Section 3817 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. |
| Registrant undertakes to carry out all indemnification provisions of its Trust Instrument and the above-described contract in accordance with the Investment Company Act Release No. 11330 (September 4, 1980) and successor releases. | |
| Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. | |
| Item 31. | Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser. |
| Delaware Management Company (the “Manager”), a series of Nomura Investment Management Business Trust (NIMBT), serves as investment manager to the Registrant and also serves as investment manager to other funds in the Nomura Funds (Delaware Group® Adviser Funds, Delaware Group Cash Reserve, Delaware Group Equity Funds II, Delaware Group Equity Funds IV, Delaware Group Equity Funds V, Delaware Group Global & International Funds, Delaware Group Government Fund, Delaware Group Income Funds, Delaware Group Limited-Term Government Funds, Delaware Group State Tax-Free Income Trust, Delaware Group Tax-Free Fund, Delaware Pooled® Trust, Delaware VIP® Trust, Ivy Variable Insurance Portfolios, Voyageur Mutual Funds, Voyageur Mutual Funds II, and Voyageur Tax Free Funds), Nomura ETF Trust, Nomura ETF Trust II and Optimum Fund Trust. In addition, certain officers of the Manager also serve as trustees and/or officers of other Nomura Funds, Nomura ETF Trust, Nomura ETF Trust II and Optimum Fund Trust. A company indirectly owned by the Manager’s parent company acts as principal underwriter to the mutual funds in the Nomura Funds (see Item 32 below) and another such company acts as the shareholder services, dividend disbursing, accounting servicing and transfer agent for all of the Nomura Funds. | |
| The Manager, located at 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354, is a series of NIMBT, a Delaware statutory trust. Nomura Asset Management is part of the Investment Management Division of the Nomura Group. Nomura Asset Management primarily operates through several distinct investment managers, which includes NIMBT and its Delaware Management Company series. Information on the trustees and officers of the Manager set forth in its Form ADV filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (File No. 801-32108) is incorporated into this filing by reference. | |
| Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL), located at 1 Elizabeth Street, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia, serves as a sub-advisor to the Nomura Systematic Emerging Markets Equity Fund. Information on the directors and officers of MIMGL set forth in its Form ADV filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (File No. 801-106854) is incorporated into this filing by reference. | |
| Nomura Corporate Research and Asset Management Inc. (NCRAM), located at Worldwide Plaza, 309 West 49th Street, New York, NY 10019, serves as subadvisor to the Nomura Asset Strategy Fund, Nomura Balanced Fund, Nomura Global Bond Fund and Nomura High Income Fund. NCRAM is primarily engaged in the investment management business. Information about the officers and partners |
| of NCRAM are included in its Form ADV filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (File No. 801-38965) and is incorporated herein by reference. | ||
| Van Eck Associates Corporation (VanEck) serves as a sub-advisor to the Nomura Climate Solutions Fund and Nomura Natural Resources Fund. VanEck’s principal business address is VanEck’s principal business address is 666 Third Avenue, 9th Floor, New York, New York 10017. Information on the directors and officers of Van Eck set forth in its Form ADV filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (File No. 801-21340) is incorporated into this filing by reference. | ||
| Item 32. | Principal Underwriters. | |
| (a) | Delaware Distributors, L.P. serves as principal underwriter for all the mutual funds in the Nomura Funds and the Optimum Fund Trust. | |
| (b) | Information with respect to each officer and partner of the principal underwriter and the Registrant is provided below. Unless otherwise noted, the principal business address of each officer and partner of Delaware Distributors, L.P. is 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354. | |
| Name and Principal Business Address | Positions and Offices with Underwriter | Positions and Offices with Registrant |
| Delaware Distributors, Inc. | General Partner | None |
| Delaware Capital Management | Limited Partner | None |
| Delaware Investments Distribution Partner, Inc. | Limited Partner | None |
| Ivy Distributors, Inc. | Limited Partner | None |
| Milissa Hutchinson | President/Head of US Wealth Distribution, Client Group Americas/Senior Managing Director | None |
| Christopher J. Calhoun | SVP/US Wealth Chief Operations Officer/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Head of Business Management - Investments/Managing Director |
| Erin Canon | SVP/Deputy Head of Business Management – Investments/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Deputy Head of Business Management – Investments/Managing Director |
| David Chorba | SVP/National Sales Manager, CSG AMER/Managing Director | None |
| Eugene Chiulli | Chief Financial Officer/Managing Director | None |
| Anthony G. Ciavarelli | SVP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| David F. Connor | SVP/General Counsel/Secretary/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Assistant Secretary |
| Michael E. Dresnin | SVP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| Jamie Fox | SVP/Divisional Sales Manager, CSG Americas/Managing Director | None |
| Name and Principal Business Address | Positions and Offices with Underwriter | Positions and Offices with Registrant |
| Daniel V. Geatens | SVP/Head of US Fund Administration/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Treasurer |
| Robert T. Haenn | SVP/Channel Head-Strategic Relationship, CSG Americas/Managing Director | None |
| Michael Q. Mahoney | SVP/Transfer Agency & Intermediary Services/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Transfer Agency & Intermediary Services/Managing Director |
| Richard Salus | SVP/Global Head of Fund Services/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Chief Financial Officer |
| Emilia P. Wang | SVP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Managing Director |
| Kate R. Williams | SVP/Deputy General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Deputy General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| Marty Wolin | SVP/Chief Compliance Officer and Anti-Money Laundering Officer/Managing Director | Senior Vice President/Chief Compliance Officer/Anti-Money Laundering Officer |
| Aaron C. Buser | VP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Managing Director | Vice President/General Counsel/Secretary |
| Jennifer Craig | VP/Associate Director, US Intermediary Services/Executive Director | None |
| Catherine DiValentino | VP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Executive Director | Assistant Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| Thomas Garvey | VP/Chief Compliance Officer/Executive Director | None |
| Stephen Hoban | VP/Controller/Executive Director | Vice President/Financial Management |
| Gregory Ito | Treasurer/Managing Director | None |
| Konstantine C. Mylonas | VP/Senior Relationship Manager, SRG, CSG Americas/Executive Director | None |
| Philip A. Shipp | VP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Executive Director | Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| Augustas Baliulis | VP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Vice President | Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| Ross Oklewicz | VP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Executive Director | Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| Tracey Todd | VP/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary/Executive Director | Vice President/Associate General Counsel/Assistant Secretary |
| William Hynes | Tax Officer | None |
| (c) | Not applicable. | |
| Item 33. | Location of Accounts and Records. All accounts and records required to be maintained by Section 31 (a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules under that section are maintained by the following entities: Delaware Management Company, Delaware Investments Fund Services Company and Delaware Distributors, L.P. (100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354); BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (500 Ross Street, 154-0520, Pittsburgh, PA 15262); and The Bank of New York Mellon (240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY 10286-0001). | |
| Item 34. | Management Services. None. | |
| Item 35. | Undertakings. Not applicable. | |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Philadelphia and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on this 29th day of July, 2026.
| IVY FUNDS | ||
| By: | /s/ Shawn K. Lytle | |
| Shawn K. Lytle President/Chief Executive Officer | ||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
| Signature | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ Shawn K. Lytle | President/Chief Executive Officer | July 29, 2026 | ||
| Shawn K. Lytle | (Principal Executive Officer) and Trustee | |||
| Jerome D. Abernathy | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Jerome D. Abernathy | ||||
| Ann D. Borowiec | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Ann D. Borowiec | ||||
| Joseph W. Chow | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Joseph W. Chow | ||||
| John A. Fry | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| John A. Fry | ||||
| Joseph Harroz, Jr. | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Joseph Harroz, Jr. | ||||
| Sandra A.J. Lawrence | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Sandra A.J. Lawrence | ||||
| Frances A. Sevilla-Sacasa | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Frances A. Sevilla-Sacasa | ||||
| Thomas K. Whitford | * | Chair and Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Thomas K. Whitford | ||||
| Christianna Wood | * | Trustee | July 29, 2026 | |
| Christianna Wood | ||||
| Richard Salus | * | Senior Vice President/Chief Financial Officer | July 29, 2026 | |
| Richard Salus | (Principal Financial Officer/Chief Accounting Officer/Controller) |
*By: /s/ Shawn K. Lytle
Shawn K. Lytle
as Attorney-in-Fact for each of the persons indicated
(Pursuant to Powers of Attorney previously filed)
U.S. SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
Exhibits
to
Form N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
(Ivy Funds N-1A)