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PREFERRED STOCK
12 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2026
Equity [Abstract]  
PREFERRED STOCK

NOTE 12 – PREFERRED STOCK

 

Series B Private Placement

 

The Company has authorized 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, with a par value of $0.0001, of which 35,000 shares have been designated as “Series B Convertible Preferred Stock”. As of April 30, 2026 and 2025, there were zero shares issued and outstanding, respectively. As of April 30, 2026 and 2025, there were $0 amounts subject to redemption, respectively.

 

On May 10, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Investors”), pursuant to which it agreed to sell to the Investors (i) an aggregate of 35,000 shares of the Company’s newly-designated Series B Convertible Preferred Stock with a stated value of $1,000 per share, initially convertible into up to 8,750,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share at a conversion price of $4.00 per share (the “Preferred Shares”), and (ii) warrants to acquire up to an aggregate of 8,750,000 shares of common stock (the “Warrants”) (collectively, the “Private Placement”).

 

The terms of the Preferred Shares are as set forth in a Certificate of Designations (the “Certificate of Designations”), which was filed with the Secretary of the State of Nevada on May 10, 2023. The Preferred Shares are convertible into common stock (the “Conversion Shares”) at the election of the holder at any time at an initial conversion price of $4.00 (the “Conversion Price”). The Conversion Price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment in the event of any issuances of common stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for common stock, at a price below the then-applicable Conversion Price (subject to certain exceptions). The Company is required to settle the Preferred Shares in equal monthly installments, commencing on November 9, 2023. The amortization payments due upon such redemption are payable, at the Company’s election, in cash, or subject to certain limitations, in shares of common stock valued at the lower of (i) the Conversion Price then in effect and (ii) the greater of (A) a 20% discount to the average of the three lowest closing prices of the Company’s common stock during the thirty trading day period immediately prior to the date the amortization payment is due or (B) the lower of $0.556 and 20% of the Minimum Price (as defined in Rule 5635 of the Rule of the Nasdaq Stock Market) on the date of receipt of Nasdaq Stockholder Approval (as defined below); provided that if the amount set forth in clause B is the lowest effective price, the Company will be required to pay the amortization payment in cash. The Company may require holders to convert their Preferred Shares into Conversion Shares if the closing price of the common stock exceeds $6.00 per share for 20 consecutive trading days and the daily trading volume of the common stock exceeds 1,000,000 shares per day during the same period and certain equity conditions described in the Certificate of Designations are satisfied.

 

The holders of the Preferred Shares are entitled to dividends of 4% per annum, compounded monthly, which are payable in cash or shares of common stock at the Company’s option, in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designations. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Triggering Event (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), the Preferred Shares will accrue dividends at the rate of 15% per annum. The holders of Preferred Shares have no voting rights on account of the Preferred Shares, other than with respect to certain matters affecting the rights of the Preferred Shares.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company’s ability to settle conversions and make amortization payments using shares of common stock is subject to certain limitations set forth in the Certificate of Designations, including a limit on the number of shares that may be issued until the time, if any, that the Company’s stockholders have approved the issuance of more than 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock in accordance with Nasdaq listing standards (the “Nasdaq Stockholder Approval”). The Company received Nasdaq Stockholder Approval at its special meeting of stockholders held on August 31, 2023. Further, the Certificate of Designations contains a certain beneficial ownership limitation after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of, or as part of any amortization payment under, the Certificate of Designations or Warrants.

 

The Certificate of Designations includes certain Triggering Events (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), including, among other things, the failure to file and maintain an effective registration statement covering the sale of the holder’s securities registrable pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into by the Company and the Investors simultaneously with the Purchase Agreement and the Company’s failure to pay any amounts due to the holders of the Preferred Shares when due. In connection with a Triggering Event, each holder of Preferred Shares will be able to require the Company to redeem in cash any or all of the holder’s Preferred Shares at a premium set forth in the Certificate of Designations.

 

The Preferred Shares were determined to be more akin to a debt-like host than an equity-like host. The Company identified the following embedded features that are not clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument: 1) an installment redemption upon an Equity Conditions Failure (as defined in the Certificate of Designation), and 2) variable share-settled installment conversion. These features were bundled together, assigned probabilities of being affected and measured at fair value. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these features are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

The discount to the fair value is included as a reduction to the carrying value of the Preferred Shares. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99-3A the Company is accreting the discount on the effective interest method and $0 and $3,193,404, respectively, was recorded as a deemed dividend during the years ended April 30, 2026 and 2025.

 

During the years ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company recorded gains of approximately $0 and $2,184,000, respectively, related to the change in fair value of the derivative liability, which is recorded in other income, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company had $0 fair value of the bifurcated embedded derivative at April 30, 2025 as there were no outstanding Preferred Shares at April 30, 2025. See Note 14 – Fair Value Measurements.

 

During the year ended April 30, 2025, the Company made all installment payments in cash pursuant to installment redemptions. The installment redemptions were paid in cash in the amounts of $22,486,875, which included $20,479,169 of the Preferred Shares, $734,864 of accrued dividends and $1,272,842 of additional 6% cash premium pursuant to the terms of the Series B Preferred stock. During the year ended April 30, 2025, the Company recognized a net dividend of $1,129,759 which is comprised of deemed dividend of $902,580 and $227,179 of preferred dividend, related to the amounts owed in addition to dividends as the installments were paid in cash which are included in Preferred stock dividends on the consolidated statement of operations.

 

Series C Private Placement

 

On August 17, 2025, the Company entered into the Series C Private Placement Agreement with the Investors, pursuant to which it agreed to sell to the Investors in a private placement (the “Series C Private Placement”) (i) an aggregate of 7,000 shares of the Company’s newly designated Series C convertible preferred stock, par value $0.0001, with a stated value of $1,000 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”), initially convertible into up to 7,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share at an initial conversion price of $1.00 and (ii) the Series C Preferred Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 7,000,000 shares of Common Stock. The closing of the Series C Private Placement occurred on August 19, 2025. The aggregate gross proceeds from the Series C Private Placement totaled $7,000,000.

 

In connection with the Series C Private Placement, pursuant to an Engagement Letter (the “Engagement Letter”) between the Company and the Series C Placement Agent, the Company has agreed to pay the Placement Agent (i) a cash fee equal to 8.0% of the gross proceeds from the Series C placement agent (the “Placement Agent”), and (ii) warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock equal to 8.0% of the number of shares of common stock that the Preferred Stock are initially convertible into, with an exercise price of $1.00 per share and a five-year term. Further, pursuant to the Engagement Letter, the Placement Agent is entitled to compensation with respect to any financing of the Company occurring during the term of the Engagement Letter or within twelve months thereafter when such financing is provided by investors whom the Placement Agent introduced to the Company. In addition, for any warrants of the Company that are issued to investors who are introduced to the Company by the Placement Agent in the Series C Private Placement or were previously issued in connection with the Company’s May 2023 private placement, and are exercised during the term of the Engagement Letter, the Company shall pay the Placement Agent a cash fee equal to 8.0% of the net proceeds received by the Company from such warrant exercises.

 

Transaction costs totaling $1,234,553 were incurred related to the Series C Private Placement consisting of cash expenses for placement agent fees, legal fees, and accounting costs related to the financing, as well as the fair value of the warrants issued to the Placement Agent. These costs were proportionately allocated to the Series C Preferred Stock and the Series C Preferred Warrants based on the allocated gross proceeds of the instruments. Accordingly, none of the transaction costs were allocated against the carrying value of the Preferred Stock and the total of $1,234,553 of transaction costs were immediately expensed related to the Series C Preferred Warrants which are accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815, and the bifurcated derivative related to the Series C Preferred Stock, which is included as a Series C Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Warrants issuance costs on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended April 30, 2026. Net proceeds from the Series C Private Placement totaled $6,182,447.

 

Series C Preferred Stock

 

The terms of the Series C Preferred Stock are as set forth in the form of Certificate of Designations (the “Series C Certificate of Designations”). The Series C Preferred Stock are convertible into shares of Common Stock (the “Conversion Shares”) at the election of the holder at any time at an initial conversion price of $1.00 (the “Conversion Price”). The Conversion Price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment in the event of any issuances of Common Stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, at a price below the then-applicable Conversion Price (subject to certain exceptions). The conversion price was reduced to $0.95 after issuance pursuant to the full ratchet anti-dilution provisions contained in the Series C Certificate of Designations.

 

The holders of the Series C Preferred Stock will be entitled to dividends of 7% per annum, compounded quarterly, which will be payable in cash. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Triggering Event (as defined in the Series C Certificate of Designations), the Series C Preferred Stock will accrue dividends at the rate of 15% per annum. The holders of Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to vote with holders of the Common Stock as a single class on all matters that holders of Common Stock are entitled to vote upon, with the number of votes per Series C Preferred Share equal to the stated value of such Series C Preferred Share divided by the then applicable Conversion Price; provided, however that in no event shall the then applicable Conversion Price be less than the “Minimum Price” (as defined in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635) on the date immediately prior to the date of the Series C Private Placement Agreement.

 

In October 2025, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “2025 Special Meeting”). At the 2025 Special Meeting, the stockholders of the Company approved, for purposes of complying with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(d), (the “Exchange Cap”) the issuance of shares of Common Stock underlying the Series C Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Warrants, which allows the Company to settle all Series C Preferred Stock conversions into shares of Common Stock. The Series C Certificate of Designations contains a certain beneficial ownership limitation after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock or Series C Preferred Warrants.

 

The Company obtained stockholder approval to remove the Exchange Cap on October 30, 2025, upon which event the conversion floor price was adjusted to $0.19.

 

The Series C Certificate of Designations includes certain Triggering Events (as defined in the Series C Certificate of Designations), including, among other things, the Company’s failure to pay any amounts due to the holders of the Series C Preferred Stock when due. In connection with a Triggering Event, each holder of Series C Preferred Stock will be able to require the Company to redeem in cash any or all of the holder’s Series C Preferred Stock at a premium set forth in the Series C Certificate of Designations.

 

The Series C Preferred Stock was determined to be more akin to a debt-like host than an equity-like host. The Company identified certain embedded features that were deemed not to be clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument and were therefore bifurcated as a derivative under ASC 815. These features were bundled together, assigned probabilities of being affected and measured at fair value. Subsequent changes in fair value of these features are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The Company estimated the $1,995,000 fair value of the compound bifurcated embedded derivative at issuance using a probability-weighted scenario model, with the following inputs: the fair value of the Company’s common stock of $1.01 on the issuance date, estimated equity volatility of 60.0%, the time to maturity of 1.50 years, the maturity redemption premium of 106%, the liquidation premium of 125%, a market interest rate of 16.92%, a risk-free rate of 3.76%, and dividend rate of 7.00% and a dividend yield of 0%. The fair value of the bifurcated derivative liability was estimated utilizing the with and without method which uses the probability weighted difference between the scenarios with the derivative and the plain vanilla scenario without a derivative.

 

The discount to the fair value is included as a reduction to the carrying value of the Series C Preferred Stock. During the year ended April 30, 2026, the Company recorded a total discount of $7,000,000 upon issuance of the Series C Preferred Stock, which was comprised of the issuance date fair value of the associated embedded derivative of $1,995,000 and the difference between the remaining gross proceeds after allocation to the derivative liability and the residual fair value of the Series C Preferred Stock of $5,005,000, which represents the portion of the total of the Series C Preferred Warrant liability of $5,220,000 allocated to the discount. As the fair value of the liabilities required to be subsequently measured at fair value exceeded the net proceeds received, the Company recognized the excess of the fair value over the net proceeds received as a loss upon issuance of preferred stock of $215,000 which is included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended April 30, 2026. As of April 30, 2026, it is probable that the Series C Preferred Stock will be redeemed. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99-3A, the Company is accreting the discount using the effective interest method and $3,503,222 was recorded as a deemed dividend during the year ended April 30, 2026.

 

During the year ended April 30, 2026, the Company recorded a gain of $1,117,000 related to the change in fair value of the derivative liability which is recorded in other income (expense) on the consolidated statements of operations. The Company estimated the $878,000 fair value of the bifurcated embedded derivative at April 30, 2026 using a probability-weighted scenario model, with the following inputs: the fair value of the Company’s common stock of $0.72 on the measurement date, estimated equity volatility of 95.0%, the time to maturity of 0.81 years, the maturity redemption premium of 106%, the liquidation premium of 125% a market interest rate of 20.58%, a risk-free rate of 3.65%, and dividend rate of 7.00% and a dividend yield of 0%. The fair value of the bifurcated derivative liability was estimated utilizing the with and without method which uses the probability weighted difference between the scenarios with the derivative and the plain vanilla scenarios without a derivative.

 

During the year ended April 30, 2026, the Company recognized a total of $278,496 of preferred dividends at the stated dividend rate, of which $246,005 were paid in cash and $32,491 are accrued in accrued Series C Preferred Stock and dividends on the consolidated balance sheet as of April 30, 2026. During the year ended April 30, 2026, there were 2,234 shares of Series C Preferred Stock converted that resulted in 2,358,620 shares of common stock being issued.