Risks Associated with Investing in Equities. The Fund may invest in equity and equity-related securities traded on recognized stock exchanges and over-the-counter markets. Equity securities will be subject to risks associated with such investments, including fluctuations in market prices, adverse issuer or market information and the fact that equity and equity-related interests are subordinate in the right of payment to other corporate securities, including debt securities. The value of these securities varies with the performance of the respective issuers and movements in the equity markets generally. As a result, the Fund may suffer losses if it invests in equity securities of issuers where performance falls below market expectations or if equity markets in general decline or the Fund has not hedged against such a general decline. Futures and options on futures on equity securities and indices are subject to all the foregoing risks, in addition to the risks particularly associated with futures and derivative contracts.

Risks Associated with Investing in Emerging Markets. The Fund’s investments in non-U.S. issuers in developing or emerging market countries may involve increased exposure to changes in economic, social and political factors as compared to investments in more developed countries. The economies of most emerging market countries are in the early stage of capital market development and may be dependent on relatively fewer industries. As a result, their economic systems are still evolving. Their legal and political systems may also be less stable than those in developed economies. Securities markets in these countries can also be smaller, and there may be increased settlement risks. In the past, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”), which regulates auditors of U.S. companies, has been unable to inspect audit work papers in certain foreign countries. Although the PCAOB has secured access to inspect audit work papers in certain countries, that access is subject to continuing cooperation by authorities and could be restricted or revoked. Investors in emerging markets often have limited rights and few practical remedies to pursue shareholder claims, including class actions or fraud claims, and the ability of the SEC, the U.S. Department of Justice and other authorities to bring and enforce actions against foreign issuers or foreign persons is limited. Emerging market countries often suffer from currency devaluation and higher rates of inflation. Due to these risks, securities issued in developing or emerging countries may be more volatile, less liquid, and harder to value than securities issued in more developed countries.

Stock Connect Investing Risk. China “A Shares” are equity securities of issuers incorporated in mainland China that are denominated and currently traded in Renminbi (“RMB”) on the Shanghai or Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. Subject to minor exceptions, under current regulations in China, foreign investors, such as the Fund, can invest in A Shares only (i) through certain institutional investors that have obtained a license and quota from the Chinese regulators or (ii) through the Hong Kong-Shanghai Stock Connect or Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect programs. The Fund will invest in A Shares listed and traded on the SSE or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”) through the Stock Connect program, or on such other stock exchanges in China which participate in the Stock Connect program from time to time. The Fund’s investments in Stock Connect A Shares are generally subject to Chinese securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions that may affect the Fund’s investments and returns, including daily limits on net purchases and transfer restrictions. In addition, the Stock Connect program’s trading, clearance and settlement procedures are relatively untested in China, which could pose risks to the Fund. While overseas investors currently are exempt from paying capital gains or value added taxes on income and gains from investments in Stock Connect A Shares, these Chinese tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the Fund.

The Stock Connect program will only operate on days when both the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banks in both markets are open on the corresponding settlement days. There may be occasions when the Fund may be subject to the risk of price fluctuations of A Shares during the time when the Stock Connect program is not trading. Because of the way in which China A shares are held in Stock Connect, the Fund may not be able to exercise the rights of a shareholder and may be limited in its ability to pursue claims against the issuer of a security, and may suffer losses in the event the depository of the SSE or the SZSE becomes insolvent. Only certain China A shares are eligible to be accessed through the Stock Connect program. Such securities may lose their eligibility at any time, in which case they presumably could be sold but could no longer be purchased through the Stock Connect program. The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the Fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and China, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the Fund’s investments and returns.

Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives involves the risk that their value may not move as expected relative to the value of the relevant underlying assets, rates, or indices. Derivatives also present other risks, including market risk, liquidity risk, and counterparty risk.

Liquidity Risk. In some circumstances, investments may be relatively illiquid making it difficult to acquire or dispose of them at the prices quoted on the various exchanges. Accordingly, the Fund’s ability to respond to market movements may be impaired and the Fund may experience adverse price movements upon liquidation of its investments. Settlement of transactions may be subject to delay and administrative uncertainties.

Large Transactions Risk. Ownership of shares of the Fund may be concentrated in one or a few large investors. Such investors may redeem shares in large quantities or on a frequent basis. In addition, a large number of shareholders collectively may purchase or redeem Fund shares in large amounts rapidly or unexpectedly (collectively, such transactions are referred to as “large shareholder transactions”). Large shareholder transactions may affect the performance of the Fund, may increase realized capital gains, may accelerate the realization of taxable income or gains for shareholders and may increase transaction costs. These transactions potentially limit the use of any capital loss carryforwards and certain other losses to offset future realized capital gains (if any). The effects of taxable income or gains resulting from large shareholder transactions would particularly impact non-redeeming shareholders who do not hold their Fund shares in an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged plan. To the extent that such transactions result in short-term capital gains, such gains will generally be taxed at the ordinary income tax rate for shareholders who hold Fund shares in a taxable account. Such transactions may also increase the Fund’s expenses. In addition, the Fund may be delayed in investing new cash after a large shareholder transaction, and under such circumstances may be required to maintain a larger cash position than it ordinarily would. A number of circumstances may cause the Fund to experience large redemptions, such as changes in the eligibility criteria for the Fund; liquidations, reorganizations, repositionings, or other announced Fund events; or changes in investment objectives, strategies, policies, risks, or investment personnel.

Risks Associated with Changes to Non-U.S. Tax Laws. Fund investors should also consider the possibility of changes to non-U.S. tax laws and regulations (including potential retroactive changes) which may adversely affect certain investments made by the Fund, including as a result of the Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (“BEPS”), which has been developed with the aim of securing revenue by realigning taxation with economic activities and value creation by creating a single set of consensus based international tax rules. As part of the BEPS project, new rules dealing with the operation of double tax treaties, the definition of permanent establishments, interest deductibility and how hybrid instruments and hybrid entities are taxed have been and continue to be introduced. To facilitate implementation of the BEPS project, the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting has modified, and continues to modify, a wide range of double tax treaty provisions. In addition, the European Council’s Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive addresses many of the same issues. These initiatives could adversely affect the Fund or certain or all Fund investors, including but not limited to causing additional reporting and disclosure obligations for Fund investors. In addition, there may be changes in the tax laws or interpretations of tax laws in jurisdictions in which the Fund, and/or any entity owned directly or indirectly by the Fund, are established, are operating, are managed, are advised, are promoted or are investing, or in which Fund investors are resident, that are adverse to the Fund, and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund and/or the Fund investors. Changes to taxation treaties or interpretations of taxation treaties between one or more such jurisdictions and the countries through which the Fund and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund hold investments or in which a Fund investor is resident or the introduction of, or change to, EU Directives (including but not limited to the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directives) may adversely affect the ability of the Fund and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund to efficiently realize income or capital gains. Consequently, it is possible that the Fund and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund may face unfavorable tax treatment in such jurisdictions that may materially adversely affect the value of the investments held by the Fund and/ or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund or the feasibility of making investments in certain countries.

Currency Risk. The currencies in which investments are denominated may be unstable, may be subject to significant depreciation and may not be freely convertible.

Cyber Security Risk. The Fund and its service providers are susceptible to operational and information security and related risks of cyber security incidents. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber security attacks may result in misappropriation of assets or sensitive information, corruption of data or unavailability of services for intended users. Cyber security incidents affecting the Fund, Adviser, Custodian or Administrator or other service providers such as financial intermediaries have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, including by interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV; impediments to trading for the Fund’s portfolio; the inability of Shareholders to transact business with the Fund; violations of applicable privacy, data security or other laws; regulatory fines and penalties; reputational damage; reimbursement or other compensation or remediation costs; legal fees; or additional compliance costs. Similar adverse consequences could result from cyber security incidents affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions and other parties. While information risk management systems and business continuity plans have been developed which are designed to reduce the risks associated with cyber security, there are inherent limitations in any cyber security risk management systems or business continuity plans, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified.

Risks Associated with Non-Diversification. The Fund is non-diversified, which generally means that it may invest a greater percentage of its total assets in the securities of fewer issuers than a “diversified” fund. This increases the risk that a change in the value of any one investment held by the Fund could affect the overall value of the Fund more than it would affect that of a diversified fund holding a greater number of investments. Accordingly, the Fund’s value will likely be more volatile than the value of a more diversified fund. In addition, due to its relatively low number of holdings, the Fund will be more susceptible to company-specific events and risks impacting the particular securities held by the Fund than a fund with a greater number of holdings.

Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives involves the risk that their value may not move as expected relative to the value of the relevant underlying assets, rates, or indices. Derivatives also present other risks, including market risk, liquidity risk, and counterparty risk.

Liquidity Risk. In some circumstances, investments may be relatively illiquid making it difficult to acquire or dispose of them at the prices quoted on the various exchanges. Accordingly, the Fund’s ability to respond to market movements may be impaired and the Fund may experience adverse price movements upon liquidation of its investments. Settlement of transactions may be subject to delay and administrative uncertainties.

Large Transactions Risk. Ownership of shares of the Fund may be concentrated in one or a few large investors. Such investors may redeem shares in large quantities or on a frequent basis. In addition, a large number of shareholders collectively may purchase or redeem Fund shares in large amounts rapidly or unexpectedly (collectively, such transactions are referred to as “large shareholder transactions”). Large shareholder transactions may affect the performance of the Fund, may increase realized capital gains, may accelerate the realization of taxable income or gains for shareholders and may increase transaction costs. The effects of taxable income and/or gains resulting from large shareholder transactions would particularly impact non-redeeming shareholders who do not hold their Fund shares in an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged plan. To the extent that such transactions result in short-term capital gains, such gains will generally be taxed at the ordinary income tax rate for shareholders who hold Fund shares in a taxable account. These transactions potentially limit the use of any capital loss carryforwards and certain other losses to offset future realized capital gains (if any). Such transactions may also increase the Fund’s expenses. In addition, the Fund may be delayed in investing new cash after a large shareholder purchase, and under such circumstances may be required to maintain a larger cash position than it ordinarily would. A number of circumstances may cause the Fund to experience large redemptions, such as changes in the eligibility criteria for the Fund; liquidations, reorganizations, repositionings, or other announced Fund events; or changes in investment objectives, strategies, policies, risks, or investment personnel.

Risks Associated with Changes to Non-U.S. Tax Laws. Fund investors should also consider the possibility of changes to non-U.S. tax laws and regulations (including potential retroactive changes) which may adversely affect certain investments made by the Fund, including as a result of the Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (“BEPS”), which has been developed with the aim of securing revenue by realigning taxation with economic activities and value creation by creating a single set of consensus based international tax rules. As part of the BEPS project, new rules dealing with the operation of double tax treaties, the definition of permanent establishments, interest deductibility and how hybrid instruments and hybrid entities are taxed have been and continue to be introduced. To facilitate implementation of the BEPS project, the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting has modified, and continues to modify, a wide range of double tax treaty provisions. In addition, the European Council’s Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive addresses many of the same issues. These initiatives could adversely affect the Fund or certain or all Fund investors, including but not limited to causing additional reporting and disclosure obligations for Fund investors. In addition, there may be changes in the tax laws or interpretations of tax laws in jurisdictions in which the Fund, and/or any entity owned directly or indirectly by the Fund, are established, are operating, are managed, are advised, are promoted or are investing, or in which Fund investors are resident, that are adverse to the Fund, and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund and/or the Fund investors. Changes to taxation treaties or interpretations of taxation treaties between one or more such jurisdictions and the countries through which the Fund and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund hold investments or in which a Fund investor is resident or the introduction of, or change to, EU Directives (including but not limited to the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directives) may adversely affect the ability of the Fund and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund to efficiently realize income or capital gains. Consequently, it is possible that the Fund and/or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund may face unfavorable tax treatment in such jurisdictions that may materially adversely affect the value of the investments held by the Fund and/ or any entities owned directly or indirectly by the Fund or the feasibility of making investments in certain countries.

Cyber Security Risk. The Fund and its service providers are susceptible to operational and information security and related risks of cyber security incidents. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber security attacks may result in misappropriation of assets or sensitive information, corruption of data or unavailability of services for intended users. Cyber security incidents affecting the Fund, Adviser, Custodian or Administrator or other service providers such as financial intermediaries have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, including by interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV; impediments to trading for the Fund’s portfolio; the inability of Shareholders to transact business with the Fund; violations of applicable privacy, data security or other laws; regulatory fines and penalties; reputational damage; reimbursement or other compensation or remediation costs; legal fees; or additional compliance costs. Similar adverse consequences could result from cyber security incidents affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions and other parties. While information risk management systems and business continuity plans have been developed which are designed to reduce the risks associated with cyber security, there are inherent limitations in any cyber security risk management systems or business continuity plans, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified.

Micro-Cap Companies Risk. Micro-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of micro-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell them at a desirable time or price may be more limited.

IPO Risk. The Fund may purchase securities in Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”). These securities are subject to many of the same risks of investing in companies with smaller market capitalizations. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history, and information about the companies may be available for very limited periods. In addition, the prices of securities sold in IPOs may be highly volatile.