Financial liabilities - Disclosure of reconciliation of debt instruments (Details) - EUR (€) € in Millions	6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2026	Jun. 30, 2025
Changes in financial instruments, Liabilities
Perimeter	€ 364
Bonds and debentures outstanding
Changes in financial instruments, Liabilities
Balance at beginning of period	253,893	€ 252,765
Perimeter	4,874	0
Issuances or placements	59,911	37,180
Repurchases or redemptions	(53,295)	(32,874)
Exchange rate and other adjustments	4,055	(12,180)
Balance at end of period	269,438	244,891
Subordinated
Changes in financial instruments, Liabilities
Balance at beginning of period	28,859	35,461
Perimeter	5	0
Issuances or placements	2,696	278
Repurchases or redemptions	(1,655)	(3,147)
Exchange rate and other adjustments	1,006	(1,641)
Balance at end of period	30,911	30,951
Bonds and debentures and subordinated liabilities
Changes in financial instruments, Liabilities
Balance at beginning of period	282,752	288,226
Perimeter	4,879	0
Issuances or placements	62,607	37,458
Repurchases or redemptions	(54,950)	(36,021)
Exchange rate and other adjustments	5,061	(13,821)
Balance at end of period	€ 300,349	€ 275,842

- Definition

The amount of liabilities that are: (a) a contractual obligation: (i) to deliver cash or another financial asset to another entity; or (ii) to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another entity under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the entity; or (b) a contract that will, or may be, settled in the entity’s own equity instruments and is: (i) a non-derivative for which the entity is, or may be, obliged to deliver a variable number of the entity’s own equity instruments; or (ii) a derivative that will, or may be, settled other than by the exchange of a fixed amount of cash or another financial asset for a fixed number of the entity’s own equity instruments. For this purpose, rights, options or warrants to acquire a fixed number of the entity’s own equity instruments for a fixed amount of any currency are equity instruments if the entity offers the rights, options or warrants pro rata to all of its existing owners of the same class of its own non-derivative equity instruments. Also, for those purposes the entity’s own equity instruments do not include puttable financial instruments that are classified as equity instruments in accordance with paragraphs 16A-16B of IAS 32, instruments that impose on the entity an obligation to deliver to another party a pro rata share of the net assets of the entity only on liquidation and are classified as equity instruments in accordance with paragraphs 16C-16D of IAS 32, or instruments that are contracts for the future receipt or delivery of the entity’s own equity instruments. As an exception, an instrument that meets the definition of a financial liability is classified as an equity instrument if it has all the features and meets the conditions in paragraphs 16A-16B or paragraphs 16C-16D of IAS 32. [Refer: Classes of financial instruments [domain]; Financial assets; Derivatives [member]]

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