v3.26.1
Research and development expenses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2026
Jun. 30, 2025
Research and development expenses    
External research and development expenses $ 616 $ 416
Personnel expenses 224 168
Digital technology expenses 45 26
Materials and consumables 5 4
Depreciation and amortization 8 5
Other expenses 31 22
Total research and development expenses [1] $ 929 $ 642
[1] Comparative figures have been presented to be consistent with the one adopted in the current period with respect to the combination of research and
development expenses and loss from investment in a joint venture.